WO2021232252A1 - 端盖组件、二次电池、电池模块、装置、注液方法及装置 - Google Patents

端盖组件、二次电池、电池模块、装置、注液方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021232252A1
WO2021232252A1 PCT/CN2020/091108 CN2020091108W WO2021232252A1 WO 2021232252 A1 WO2021232252 A1 WO 2021232252A1 CN 2020091108 W CN2020091108 W CN 2020091108W WO 2021232252 A1 WO2021232252 A1 WO 2021232252A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hole
locking member
connecting portion
sealing
end cap
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/091108
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡其昌
邢承友
钟礼斌
陈文伟
李全坤
王鹏
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP20936418.1A priority Critical patent/EP4053991B1/en
Priority to CN202080063127.1A priority patent/CN114365346B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/091108 priority patent/WO2021232252A1/zh
Publication of WO2021232252A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021232252A1/zh
Priority to US17/831,673 priority patent/US11777184B2/en
Priority to US18/234,496 priority patent/US12100867B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H01M50/636—Closing or sealing filling ports, e.g. using lids
    • H01M50/645—Plugs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H01M50/636—Closing or sealing filling ports, e.g. using lids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an end cap assembly, a secondary battery, a battery module, a device, a liquid injection method and a device.
  • lithium-ion and other batteries have the advantages of high energy density, high power density, many cycles of use, and long storage time, they have been widely used in electric vehicles.
  • the secondary battery includes a case and an end cap assembly.
  • the shell is used to contain the electrolyte.
  • the end cover assembly is connected to the shell.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an end cap assembly for a secondary battery, including:
  • the end cover is provided with a through hole for injecting electrolyte, and the end cover has a connecting part.
  • the sealing component is used to seal the through hole.
  • the locking member is configured to be movable relative to the connecting portion along the radial direction of the through hole, so as to realize the switching between the locking member and the connecting portion in the locked state and the unlocked state. In the locked state, the locking member presses the sealing assembly to limit the end
  • the cover is separated from the sealing component; in the unlocked state, the end cover and the sealing component can be separated to allow the electrolyte to be injected from the through hole.
  • a predetermined amount of electrolyte can be injected into the secondary battery through the through hole, and then the through hole is sealed by the sealing assembly, and finally the connecting part of the locking member and the end cap is locked .
  • the connecting part of the locking member and the end cover is unlocked, and then the sealing assembly is removed to open the through hole.
  • a predetermined amount of electrolyte is replenished into the secondary battery through the through hole.
  • the sealing assembly is then sealed to the through hole, the connecting part of the locking member and the end cover is locked, and the secondary battery can continue to be used normally. In this way, after the secondary battery of the embodiment of the present application is assembled, the electrolyte can be refilled again, which effectively prolongs the service life of the secondary battery.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a secondary battery, which includes the above-mentioned end cap assembly.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a battery module, which includes the above-mentioned secondary battery.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a device, which includes the above-mentioned secondary battery, and the secondary battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a liquid injection method for a secondary battery, which includes:
  • the end cover has a through hole and a connection part
  • a locking member is provided, and the locking member is moved along the radial direction of the through hole toward the direction close to the connecting portion, so that the locking member is locked with the connecting portion, so as to limit the separation of the end cover and the sealing assembly.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a liquid injection device for injecting electrolyte into the above-mentioned secondary battery, which includes:
  • the injection part is configured to inject electrolyte into the through hole
  • the disassembly and assembly part of the locking member is configured to move the locking member along the radial direction of the through hole toward the connecting part in the unlocked state, so that the locking member is locked with the connecting part and restricting the separation of the end cover and the sealing assembly; or, configured In order to move the locking member in a direction away from the connecting portion along the radial direction of the through hole, the locking member and the connecting portion are unlocked.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle disclosed in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery pack disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery module disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a secondary battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial exploded structural schematic diagram of an end cap assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the assembled state of the end cover assembly of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic sectional view of the structure along B-B in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic sectional view of the structure at C-C in Fig. 7;
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged view of D in Figure 8.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial exploded structural diagram of an end cap assembly disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is an enlarged view of E in Figure 11;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic top view of the assembled state of the end cover assembly of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic sectional view of the structure along F-F in Figure 13;
  • Fig. 15 is an enlarged view of G in Fig. 14.
  • Secondary battery 31. Housing; 32. Electrode assembly; 321. Main body; 321a. End face; 322. Tab;
  • X axial direction
  • Y circumferential direction
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a device that uses the secondary battery 30 as a power source.
  • the device can be, but is not limited to, a vehicle, a ship, or an aircraft.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle 1 including a vehicle body and a battery module.
  • the battery module is installed in the vehicle body.
  • the vehicle 1 may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle or an extended-range vehicle.
  • the vehicle body is provided with a drive motor electrically connected to the battery module.
  • the battery module provides power to the drive motor.
  • the drive motor is connected to the wheels on the vehicle body through a transmission mechanism to drive the vehicle to travel.
  • the battery module may be horizontally arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body.
  • the battery module may be a battery pack 10.
  • the battery pack 10 includes a box body and a battery module 20 disposed in the box body.
  • the number of battery modules 20 is one or more.
  • One or more battery modules 20 are arranged side by side in the box.
  • the type of cabinet is not limited.
  • the box can be a frame-shaped box, a disk-shaped box, or a box-shaped box.
  • the box body includes a lower box body for accommodating the battery module 20 and an upper box body covered with the lower box body. The upper box body and the lower box body are closed to form an accommodating portion for accommodating the battery module 20.
  • the battery pack 10 includes a box body and a plurality of secondary batteries 30 directly arranged in the box body.
  • the battery module may also be a battery module 20, and a plurality of battery modules 20 are arranged in the box and installed in the vehicle body.
  • the battery module 20 includes a plurality of secondary batteries 30.
  • the battery module 20 includes an accommodating part and a plurality of secondary batteries 30 located in the accommodating part.
  • a plurality of secondary batteries 30 are arranged side by side in the accommodating part.
  • the accommodating part includes a housing and a cover plate covering the housing; alternatively, the accommodating part includes side plates and end plates that are successively enclosed and connected; or, the accommodating part includes oppositely arranged two ends Plates and bands surrounding the end plates and the secondary battery 30.
  • the applicant conducted research and analysis on the various structures of the secondary battery 30.
  • the applicant found that there is irreversible reaction consumption of the electrolyte of the secondary battery 30, resulting in a decrease in the use capacity of the secondary battery 30.
  • the electrolyte can be replenished, the reduction in the capacity of the secondary battery 30 will be effectively slowed down.
  • the structural design of the existing secondary battery 30 needs to consider factors such as safety and sealing, the assembled secondary battery 30 cannot be refilled.
  • the applicant has improved the structure of the secondary battery 30, and the embodiments of the present application will be further described below.
  • the secondary battery 30 of the embodiment of the present application includes a casing 31 and an electrode assembly 32 arranged in the casing 31.
  • the housing 31 in the embodiment of the present application has a square structure or other shapes.
  • the case 31 has an internal space accommodating the electrode assembly 32 and the electrolyte, and an opening communicating with the internal space.
  • the housing 31 may be made of materials such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, or plastic.
  • the electrode assembly 32 of the embodiment of the present application can be formed by stacking or winding a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and a diaphragm located between the first pole piece and the second pole piece, wherein the diaphragm is between the first pole piece and the second pole piece. The insulator between the pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the first pole piece is exemplarily described as the positive pole piece and the second pole piece is the negative pole piece.
  • Both the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet include a coated area and an uncoated area.
  • the positive electrode sheet active material is coated on the coated area of the positive electrode sheet
  • the negative electrode sheet active material is coated on the coated area of the negative electrode sheet.
  • the active material is coated on the current collector formed by the thin metal foil, and the active material is not coated on the uncoated area.
  • the electrode assembly 32 includes two tabs 322, namely, a positive tab and a negative tab.
  • the coating area of the positive electrode sheet and the coating area of the negative electrode sheet form the main body portion 321.
  • the main body portion 321 has two opposite end surfaces 321 a along the length direction, and the positive lug and the negative electrode lug respectively extend from the two opposite end surfaces 321 a of the main portion 321 along the length direction.
  • the secondary battery 30 of the embodiment of the present application further includes an end cover assembly 40 that is hermetically connected to the casing 31.
  • the end cap assembly 40 includes an end cap 50, an electrode terminal 80, an adapter member 90, a sealing assembly 60 and a locking member 70.
  • the electrode terminal 80 is disposed on the end cap 50.
  • the electrode terminal 80 is electrically connected to the tab 322 of the electrode assembly 32 through the adapter member 90.
  • the shape of the electrode terminal 80 may be square or circular, which is not limited here.
  • the end cover 50 of the embodiment of the present application is provided with electrode extraction holes 50c.
  • the electrode extraction hole 50 c penetrates the end cap 50.
  • the electrode terminal 80 is disposed on the end cap 50 and covers the electrode extraction hole 50c.
  • the end cap 50 is also provided with a through hole 50a for injecting electrolyte.
  • the through hole 50a and the electrode lead-out hole 50c are spaced apart.
  • the end cap 50 has a connecting portion 51.
  • the sealing assembly 60 is used to seal the through hole 50 a on the end cover 50.
  • the locking member 70 is configured to be movable relative to the connecting portion 51 of the end cap 50 along the radial direction of the through hole 50a, so as to realize the switching between the locking member 70 and the connecting portion 51 in the locked state and the unlocked state.
  • the radial direction of the through hole 50a refers to a direction perpendicular to the axial direction X of the through hole 50a.
  • a predetermined amount of electrolyte can be injected into the secondary battery 30 through the through hole 50a, and then the through hole 50a is sealed by the sealing assembly 60, and finally the connecting part of the locking member 70 and the end cap 50 51 is locked.
  • the connecting portion 51 of the locking member 70 and the end cap 50 is unlocked, and then the sealing assembly 60 is removed to open the through hole 50a.
  • a predetermined amount of electrolyte is replenished into the secondary battery 30 through the through hole 50a.
  • the sealing assembly 60 is then sealed to the through hole 50a, and the locking member 70 is locked with the connecting portion 51 of the end cap 50, and the secondary battery 30 can continue to be used normally.
  • the electrolyte can be refilled again, which effectively prolongs the service life of the secondary battery 30.
  • the locking member 70 has an opening 71 and a receiving space 72 that communicate with each other.
  • the connecting portion 51 is configured to enter the accommodating space 72 through the opening 71.
  • the connecting portion 51 enters the accommodating space 72 through the opening 71.
  • the connecting portion 51 can also move out of the accommodating space 72 through the opening 71, so that the locking member 70 and the connecting portion 51 are unlocked.
  • the part of the locking member 70 where the opening 71 is formed has good elastic deformation ability.
  • the size of the opening 71 of the fastener 70 is smaller than the size of the accommodating space 72.
  • the size of the opening 71 of the locking member 70 is smaller than the size of the connecting portion 51, so that when the connecting portion 51 enters the opening 71 or the connecting portion 51 moves out of the opening 71, the size of the opening 71 will increase to give way to the connecting portion 51, so that the connecting portion 51 51 can pass through the opening 71 smoothly.
  • the part of the locking member 70 that forms the accommodating space 72 also has good elastic deformability.
  • the connecting portion 51 After the connecting portion 51 enters the accommodating space 72, the portion of the locking member 70 that forms the accommodating space 72 will return to the original state, so that the locking member 70 can be locked with the connecting portion 51 of the end cap 50 through the portion of the locking member 70 that forms the accommodating space 72 .
  • the locking member 70 After the connecting portion 51 enters the accommodating space 72, the locking member 70 is not easy to move along the radial direction of the through hole 50a, so that the connecting portion 51 escapes from the opening 71.
  • the locking member 70 is clamped to the connecting portion 51 of the end cover 50 so that the locking member 70 and the end cover 50 are in a locked state.
  • the locking member 70 is detachably connected to the connecting portion 51 of the end cap 50 through a snap connection, so that the locking member 70 and the connecting portion 51 can be quickly locked or unlocked and separated.
  • the connecting portion 51 of the end cap 50 is provided with a slot 511. At least part of the locking member 70 is located in the slot 511 to restrict the locking member 70 from moving along the axial direction X of the through hole 50a.
  • the secondary battery 30 may vibrate or impact in the axial direction X of the through hole 50a. Since the locking member 70 is restricted by the connecting portion 51, the locking member 70 and the connecting portion 51 are less likely to move relative to each other along the axial direction X of the through hole 50a, thereby reducing the movement of the locking member 70 along the axial direction X of the through hole 50a.
  • the card slot 511 has a limiting wall 511a for resisting the locking member 70 in the axial direction.
  • the surface of the locking member 70 away from the end cap 50 is in contact with the limiting wall 511a, and the two are in surface contact.
  • the sealing assembly 60 includes a limiting member 61 and a sealing member 62.
  • the sealing member 62 is disposed between the limiting member 61 and the end cover 50 and seals the through hole 50a.
  • the locking member 70 can press the limiting member 61, so that the limiting member 61 applies a compressive stress to the sealing member 62, thereby restricting the sealing member 62 from moving along the axial direction X of the through hole 50a.
  • the sealing member 62 is made to seal the through hole 50a.
  • a part of the sealing member 62 extends into the through hole 50a, and a part is located outside the through hole 50a.
  • the limiting member 61 includes a pressing portion 611 and a limiting portion 612.
  • the pressing portion 611 is connected to the limiting portion 612 and covers at least a part of the sealing member 62.
  • the pressing portion 611 covers the entire sealing member 62.
  • At least part of the limiting portion 612 is located on the side of the locking member 70 close to the end cover 50.
  • the locking member 70 presses the limiting portion 612 to limit the separation of the end cap 50 and the sealing assembly 60.
  • the locking member 70 applies a compressive stress along the axial direction X of the through hole 50a to the surface of the limiting portion 612 away from the end cover 50 from the side of the limiting portion 612 away from the end cover 50, so that the pressing portion 611 applies a compressive stress to the sealing member 62
  • the compressive stress along the axial direction X of the through hole 50a causes the pressing portion 611 to compress and fix the sealing member 62.
  • the end cap 50 further includes a body portion 52.
  • the connecting portion 51 is a boss protruding from the surface of the body portion 52.
  • the through hole 50 a penetrates the connecting portion 51 and the body portion 52.
  • the seal 62 is at least partially located on one side of the connecting portion 51 along the axial direction X of the through hole 50a.
  • the body part 52 is a rectangular plate-shaped structure.
  • the connecting portion 51 includes a middle columnar portion and two uprights. The two upright columns are located on opposite sides of the middle columnar part, that is, the middle columnar part is located between the two upright columns.
  • the through hole 50a penetrates the middle columnar portion.
  • a card slot 511 is respectively provided on the two uprights.
  • the two uprights are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction Y of the through hole 50a.
  • the locking member 70 has a ring structure.
  • the locking member 70 is clamped into the grooves 511 on the two uprights, so as to be in a locked state with the connecting portion 51.
  • an auxiliary tool can be used to expand the opening 71 of the locking member 70 in advance, so that the two uprights can smoothly enter the receiving space 72 or move out of the receiving space 72 through the opening 71.
  • the limiting member 61 further includes a supporting portion 613 and a receiving groove 614.
  • the supporting portion 613 is connected to the pressing portion 611 and the limiting portion 612.
  • the receiving groove 614 penetrates the support portion 613 in the radial direction of the through hole 50a.
  • the connecting portion 51 of the end cap 50 passes through the receiving groove 614.
  • the connecting portion 51 and the receiving groove 614 of the end cap 50 can be inserted and fitted with each other along the axial direction X of the through hole 50a.
  • the part of the connecting portion 51 located outside the receiving groove 614 is used for being locked with the locking member 70 and is arranged in a staggered manner with the limiting portion 612 of the limiting member 61 along the circumferential direction Y of the through hole 50a.
  • the limiting wall 511 a of the card slot 511 is disposed on the connecting portion 51 outside the receiving slot 614.
  • the limiting member 61 is restricted by the part of the connecting portion 51 located inside the receiving groove 614, so that the limiting member 61 cannot rotate relative to the connecting portion 51.
  • the sealing member 62 is placed on the connecting portion 51, and then the limiting member 61 is plug-fitted with the connecting portion 51 along the axial direction X of the through hole 50a. Then, the locking member 70 is moved along the radial direction of the through hole 50 a and clamped to the slot 511 of the connecting portion 51 to lock the locking member 70 with the connecting portion 51.
  • the locking member 70 can restrict the limiting member 61 and the sealing member 62, and restrict the limiting member 61 and the sealing member 62 from moving along the axial direction X of the through hole 50a.
  • the locking member 70 is first moved along the radial direction of the through hole 50a and withdrawn from the slot 511 to separate the locking member 70 from the connecting portion 51 and unlock it. In this way, the limiting member 61 and the sealing member 62 are removed along the axial direction X of the through hole 50a, and the through hole 50a is exposed. The electrolyte is replenished to the secondary battery 30 through the through hole 50a.
  • the end cap 50 has a groove 50b.
  • the through hole 50a communicates with the groove 50b.
  • At least part of the sealing member 62 is accommodated in the groove 50b, which is beneficial to reduce the size of the end cap assembly 40 in the axial direction X of the through hole 50a, and can increase the energy density of the secondary battery 30.
  • the groove 50b is provided in the connecting portion 51, and along the axial direction X of the through hole 50a, the groove 50b is provided corresponding to the middle columnar portion.
  • the end cap assembly 40 of this embodiment has the same structure as the end cap assembly 40 of the embodiment shown in Figs. Description.
  • the connecting portion 51 is a columnar boss.
  • the card slot 511 provided on the connecting portion 51 is an annular card slot 511.
  • the locking member 70 has an annular structure with an opening 71, so that the locking member 70 can be clamped to the slot 511 of the connecting portion 51 from different positions.
  • the through hole 50 a is located outside the connecting portion 51, that is, along the radial direction of the through hole 50 a, the through hole 50 a and the connecting portion 51 are spaced apart.
  • the through hole 50 a penetrates the main body 52.
  • two or more through holes 50 a are arranged at even intervals around the connecting portion 51.
  • the limiting member 61 and the sealing member 62 are both annular structures.
  • the limiting member 61 and the sealing member 62 are respectively used for sleeve connection with the connecting portion 51.
  • the limiting member 61 is located on the side of the locking member 70 close to the end cap 50 to form a limiting portion 612, and the pressing portion 611 is located on the periphery of the limiting portion 612.
  • the side is clamped and fixed with the card slot 511.
  • the locking member 70 applies a compressive stress along the axial X of the through hole 50a to the restricting portion 612 from the side of the restricting portion 612 away from the sealing member 62, so that the pressing portion 611 applies a compressive stress along the axis of the through hole 50a to the sealing member 62
  • At least a part of the sealing member 62 is provided between the pressing portion 611 and the end cap 50 and seals all the through holes 50a.
  • a groove 50 b is provided on the body portion 52 of the end cap 50.
  • the through hole 50a communicates with the groove 50b.
  • the connecting portion 51 is provided at the bottom of the groove 50b.
  • the connecting portion 51 is a columnar boss protruding from the main body portion 52.
  • the sealing member 62 and the limiting member 61 are sequentially sleeved on the connecting portion 51, and then the locking member 70 is moved along the radial direction of the through hole 50a and clamped in The slot 511 of the connecting portion 51 is used to lock the locking member 70 with the connecting portion 51.
  • the locking member 70 can restrict the limiting member 61 and the sealing member 62, and restrict the limiting member 61 and the sealing member 62 from moving along the axial direction X of the through hole 50a.
  • the locking member 70 is first moved along the radial direction of the through hole 50a and withdrawn from the slot 511 to separate the locking member 70 from the connecting portion 51 and unlock it. In this way, the limiting member 61 and the sealing member 62 are removed along the axial direction X of the through hole 50a, and the through hole 50a is exposed. The electrolyte is replenished to the secondary battery 30 through the through hole 50a.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a liquid injection method for the secondary battery 30, which includes:
  • the end cover 50 has a through hole 50a, and has a connecting portion 51;
  • the locking member 70 is provided, and the locking member 70 is moved along the radial direction of the through hole 50a toward the connecting portion 51 to lock the locking member 70 and the connecting portion 51 to restrict the separation of the end cap 50 and the sealing assembly 60 so that the sealing assembly 60 is maintained Sealed state.
  • the liquid injection method further includes: removing the sealing assembly 60 from the end cover 50, thereby opening the through hole 50a , The electrolyte can be replenished into the secondary battery 30 through the through hole 50a. After completing the electrolyte replenishment work, the sealing assembly 60 is reinstalled on the end cap 50 and covers the through hole 50a. The locking member 70 is locked with the connecting portion 51, so that the sealing assembly 60 is kept in a sealed state.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a liquid injection device for injecting electrolyte into the secondary battery 30, which includes a liquid injection component and a fastener assembly and disassembly component.
  • the liquid injection part is configured to inject electrolyte into the through hole 50a.
  • the fastener disassembly and assembly component is configured to move the fastener 70 along the radial direction of the through hole 50a toward the connecting portion 51 in the unlocked state, so that the fastener 70 and the connecting portion 51 are locked, and the end cap 50 and the sealing assembly 60 are restricted.
  • the fastener dismounting component is configured to move the fastener 70 in a direction away from the connecting portion 51 along the radial direction of the through hole 50 a to unlock the fastener 70 and the connecting portion 51.
  • the locking member dismounting member can move the locking member 70 along the radial direction of the through hole 50a, so that the locking member 70 and the connecting portion 51 can be switched between the locked state and the unlocked state.
  • the liquid injection device further includes a sealing assembly disassembly and assembly component.
  • the sealing assembly disassembling part is configured to install the sealing assembly 60 on the end cover 50 or to remove the sealing assembly 60 from the end cover 50.
  • the liquid injection device of the embodiment of the present application can be used in conjunction with the end cap assembly 40 of the above embodiment, thereby improving the degree of automatic control of the electrolyte replenishing process of the secondary battery 30, reducing manual labor intensity, and improving the working efficiency of the electrolyte replenishing process.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种端盖组件（40）、二次电池（30）、电池模块（20）、装置、注液方法及注液装置。端盖组件（40）用于二次电池（30），其包括：端盖（50），设有用于注入电解液的通孔（50a），端盖（50）具有连接部（51）。密封组件（60），用于密封通孔（50a）。锁固件（70），被配置为沿通孔（50a）的径向相对于连接部（51）可移动，以用于实现锁固件（70）与连接部（51）在锁定状态和解锁状态切换，在锁定状态时，锁固件（70）抵压密封组件（60）以限制端盖（50）与密封组件（60）分离。在解锁状态时，端盖（50）与密封组件（60）可分离，以允许从通孔（50a）注入电解液。二次电池（30）在完成组装后，也可以再次补充电解液，有效延长二次电池（30）的使用寿命。

Description

端盖组件、二次电池、电池模块、装置、注液方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种端盖组件、二次电池、电池模块、装置、注液方法及装置。
背景技术
由于锂离子等电池具有能量密度高、功率密度高、循环使用次数多、存储时间长等优点，在电动汽车上面已普遍应用。
二次电池包括壳体和端盖组件。壳体用于容纳电解液。端盖组件连接于壳体。二次电池在使用过程中，经历多次充放电循环，从而导致电解液不可避免地会有部分不可逆的反应消耗，进而会导致二次电池使用容量随之降低。如果在二次电池使用过程中，可以对内部补充电解液，将能够有效减缓容量降低的程度，提升二次电池的使用寿命。然而，现有技术中，完成组装的二次电池无法进行补液操作，从而影响二次电池的使用寿命。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种端盖组件，用于二次电池，包括：
端盖，设有用于注入电解液的通孔，端盖具有连接部。密封组件，用于密封通孔。锁固件，被配置为沿通孔的径向相对于连接部可移动，以用于实现锁固件与连接部在锁定状态和解锁状态切换，在锁定状态时，锁固件抵压密封组件以限制端盖与密封组件分离；在解锁状态时，端盖与密封组件可分离，以允许从通孔注入电解液。
本申请实施例的端盖组件应用于二次电池后，可以通过通孔向二次电池内注入预定量的电解液，然后使用密封组件密封通孔，最后将锁固件与端盖的连接部锁定。在二次电池使用预定时间后，将锁固件与端盖的连接部解锁，然后取走密封组件以打开通孔。通过通孔向二次电池内补充预定 量的电解液。在完成电解液补充工作后，再将密封组件密封通孔，将锁固件与端盖的连接部锁定，二次电池可以继续正常使用。这样，本申请实施例的二次电池在完成组装后，也可以再次补充电解液，有效延长二次电池的使用寿命。
本申请实施例还提供一种二次电池，其包括如上述的端盖组件。
本申请实施例还提供一种电池模块，其包括如上述的二次电池。
本申请实施例还提供一种装置，其包括如上述的二次电池，二次电池用于提供电能。
本申请实施例还提供一种二次电池的注液方法，其包括：
提供端盖，端盖具有通孔，并具有连接部；
通过通孔注入电解液；
提供密封组件；
将密封组件安装在端盖上；
提供锁固件，沿通孔的径向朝靠近连接部的方向移动锁固件，使锁固件与连接部锁定，以限制端盖与密封组件分离。
本申请实施例还提供一种注液装置，用于向上述的二次电池注入电解液，其包括：
注液部件，被配置为将电解液注入通孔；和
锁固件拆装部件，被配置为在解锁状态时沿通孔的径向朝靠近连接部的方向移动锁固件，以使锁固件与连接部锁定，限制端盖与密封组件分离；或者，被配置为沿通孔的径向朝远离连接部的方向移动锁固件，使锁固件与连接部解锁。
附图说明
下面将通过参考附图来描述本申请示例性实施例的特征、优点和技术效果。
图1是本申请一实施例公开的一种车辆的结构示意图；
图2是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池组的分解结构示意图；
图3是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池模组的局部结构示意图；
图4是本申请一实施例公开的一种二次电池的分解结构示意图；
图5是本申请一实施例公开的一种端盖组件的局部分解结构示意图；
图6是图5中A处放大图；
图7是图5所示实施例的端盖组件组装状态的俯视结构示意图；
图8是图7中沿B-B处的剖视结构示意图；
图9是图7中C-C处的剖视结构示意图；
图10是图8中D处放大图；
图11是本申请另一实施例公开的一种端盖组件的局部分解结构示意图；
图12是图11中E处放大图；
图13是图11所示实施例的端盖组件组装状态的俯视结构示意图；
图14是图13中沿F-F处的剖视结构示意图；
图15是图14中G处放大图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
标记说明：
1、车辆；
10、电池组；
20、电池模组；
30、二次电池；31、壳体；32、电极组件；321、主体部；321a、端面；322、极耳；
40、端盖组件；
50、端盖；50a、通孔；50b、凹槽；50c、电极引出孔；51、连接部；511、卡槽；511a、限位壁；52、本体部；
60、密封组件；61、限位件；611、抵压部；612、限位部；613、支撑部；614、容纳槽；62、密封件；
70、锁固件；71、开口；72、容纳空间；
80、电极端子；
90、转接构件；
X、轴向；Y、周向。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
为了更好地理解本申请，下面结合图1至图15对本申请实施例进行描述。
本申请实施例提供一种使用二次电池30作为电源的装置。该装置可以但不仅限于为车辆、船舶或飞行器等。参见图1所示，本申请的一个实施例提供一种车辆1，其包括车辆主体和电池模块。电池模块设置于车辆主体。其中，车辆1可以是纯电动汽车，也可以是混合动力汽车或增程式汽车。车辆主体设置有与电池模块电连接的驱动电机。电池模块向驱动电机提供电能。驱动电机通过传动机构与车辆主体上的车轮连接，从而驱动汽车行进。可选地，电池模块可水平设置于车辆主体的底部。
参见图2所示，电池模块可以是电池组10。电池组10的设置方式有 多种。在一些可选的实施例中，电池组10包括箱体和设置于箱体内的电池模组20。电池模组20的数量为一个或多个。一个或多个电池模组20排列布置于箱体内。箱体的类型不受限制。箱体可为框状箱体、盘状箱体或盒状箱体等。可选地，箱体包括用于容纳电池模组20的下箱体和与下箱体盖合的上箱体。上箱体和下箱体盖合后形成容纳电池模组20的容纳部。在其他可选的实施例中，电池组10包括箱体和直接设置于箱体内的多个二次电池30。
参见图3所示，电池模块也可以是电池模组20，多个电池模组20设置于箱体内，并被安装于车辆主体。
参见图3所示，电池模组20包括多个二次电池30。电池模组20的设置方式有多种。在一个实施例中，电池模组20包括容纳部和位于容纳部内的多个二次电池30。多个二次电池30在容纳部内并排设置。容纳部的设置方式有多种，例如容纳部包括外壳和盖设于外壳处的盖板；或者，容纳部包括相继围合连接的侧板和端板；或者，容纳部包括相对设置的两端板及环绕于端板和二次电池30外的箍带。
申请人在注意到二次电池30使用寿命较短以及二次电池30无法重复使用的问题之后，对二次电池30的各个结构进行研究分析。申请人发现二次电池30的电解液存在不可逆的反应消耗，从而导致二次电池30使用容量下降。同时，如果可以补充电解液，将能够有效减缓二次电池30容量降低的程度。然而，由于现有二次电池30的结构设计需要考虑安全、密封等因素，因此对完成组装的二次电池30无法进行补液操作。
基于申请人发现的上述问题，申请人对二次电池30的结构进行改进，下面对本申请实施例进行进一步描述。
参见图4所示，本申请实施例的二次电池30包括壳体31以及设置于壳体31内的电极组件32。本申请实施例的壳体31为方形结构或其他形状。壳体31具有容纳电极组件32和电解液的内部空间以及与内部空间相连通的开口。壳体31可以由例如铝、铝合金或塑料等材料制造。本申请实施例的电极组件32可通过将第一极片、第二极片以及位于第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜一同堆叠或卷绕形成，其中，隔膜是介于第一极片和 第二极片之间的绝缘体。在本实施例中，示例性地以第一极片为正极片，第二极片为负极片进行说明。正极片和负极片均包括涂覆区和未涂覆区，正极片活性物质被涂覆在正极片的涂覆区上，而负极片活性物质被涂覆在负极片的涂覆区上。在涂覆区上，活性物质被涂覆在由薄板金属箔形成的集流体上，在未涂覆区上没有涂覆活性物质。经过卷绕或者堆叠之后，电极组件32包括两个极耳322，即正极耳和负极耳。正极片的涂覆区和负极片的涂覆区形成主体部321。正极片的未涂覆区层叠形成正极耳，而负极片的未涂覆区层叠形成负极耳。本申请实施例中，主体部321具有沿长度方向的相对设置的两个端面321a，正极耳和负极耳分别从主体部321沿长度方向的相对两个端面321a上延伸出。
参见图4所示，本申请实施例的二次电池30还包括与壳体31密封连接的端盖组件40。端盖组件40包括端盖50、电极端子80、转接构件90、密封组件60以及锁固件70。电极端子80设置于端盖50上。电极端子80通过转接构件90与电极组件32的极耳322电连接。电极端子80的外形可以是方形，也可以是圆形，这里不做限定。
参见图5和图6所示，本申请实施例的端盖50设有电极引出孔50c。电极引出孔50c贯穿端盖50。电极端子80设置于端盖50上并且覆盖电极引出孔50c。端盖50还设有用于注入电解液的通孔50a。通孔50a与电极引出孔50c间隔设置。端盖50具有连接部51。密封组件60用于密封端盖50上的通孔50a。锁固件70被配置为沿通孔50a的径向相对于端盖50的连接部51可移动，以用于实现锁固件70与连接部51在锁定状态和解锁状态切换。通孔50a的径向指的是与通孔50a的轴向X相垂直的方向。锁固件70与连接部51在锁定状态时，锁固件70抵压密封组件60以限制端盖50与密封组件60分离。锁固件70与连接部51在解锁状态时，端盖50与密封组件60可分离，以允许从通孔50a注入电解液。
本申请实施例的二次电池30，可以通过通孔50a向二次电池30内注入预定量的电解液，然后使用密封组件60密封通孔50a，最后将锁固件70与端盖50的连接部51锁定。在二次电池30使用预定时间后，将锁固件70与端盖50的连接部51解锁，然后取走密封组件60以打开通孔 50a。通过通孔50a向二次电池30内补充预定量的电解液。在完成电解液补充工作后，再将密封组件60密封通孔50a，将锁固件70与端盖50的连接部51锁定，二次电池30可以继续正常使用。这样，本申请实施例的二次电池30在完成组装后，也可以再次补充电解液，有效延长二次电池30的使用寿命。
在一个实施例中，参见图6所示，锁固件70具有相互连通的开口71和容纳空间72。连接部51被配置为经开口71进入容纳空间72。锁固件70沿通孔50a的径向移动时，连接部51通过开口71进入容纳空间72。连接部51进入容纳空间72后，锁固件70与连接部51实现锁定。锁固件70沿通孔50a的径向移动时，连接部51也可以通过开口71移出容纳空间72，从而锁固件70与连接部51实现解锁。在一个示例中，锁固件70上形成开口71的部分具有良好弹性形变能力。锁固件70的开口71尺寸小于容纳空间72的尺寸。锁固件70的开口71尺寸小于连接部51的尺寸，从而连接部51进入开口71或连接部51从开口71移出的过程中，开口71的尺寸会变大以让位连接部51，使得连接部51可以顺利通过开口71。锁固件70上形成容纳空间72的部分也具有良好的弹性形变能力。在连接部51进入容纳空间72后，锁固件70上形成容纳空间72的部分会回复原始状态，从而锁固件70可以通过锁固件70上形成容纳空间72的部分与端盖50的连接部51锁定。在连接部51进入容纳空间72后，锁固件70不易沿通孔50a的径向发生移动使得连接部51从开口71处脱出。
在一个实施例中，参见图6所示，锁固件70卡接于端盖50的连接部51，以使锁固件70和端盖50处于锁定状态。锁固件70通过卡接的连接方式与端盖50的连接部51实现可拆卸连接，可以实现锁固件70和连接部51快速锁定或解锁分离。
在一个实施例中，参见图6所示，端盖50的连接部51设有卡槽511。至少部分锁固件70位于卡槽511内，以限制锁固件70沿通孔50a的轴向X移动。在二次电池30使用过程中，二次电池30会在通孔50a的轴向X上出现振动或冲击的情况。由于锁固件70受到连接部51的限制，因此锁固件70与连接部51不易出现沿通孔50a的轴向X相对移动的情 况，从而降低因锁固件70沿通孔50a的轴向X发生移动而与连接部51脱离连接状态或彼此发生松动的可能性，进而降低密封组件60沿通孔50a的轴向X移动而导致密封失效，电解液从通孔50a溢出的可能性。在一个示例中，卡槽511具有限位壁511a，用于与锁固件70沿轴向相抵。锁固件70远离端盖50的表面与限位壁511a接触，并且两者为面接触。
在一个实施例中，参见图6所示，密封组件60包括限位件61和密封件62。密封件62设置于限位件61和端盖50之间并且密封通孔50a。锁固件70与连接部51连接后，锁固件70可以抵压限位件61，以使限位件61对密封件62施加压应力，从而限制密封件62沿通孔50a的轴向X移动，并使得密封件62密封通孔50a。在一个示例中，参见图7至图9所示，密封件62的一部分伸入通孔50a，一部分位于通孔50a外部。密封件62伸入通孔50a内的部分与通孔50a为过盈配合，位于通孔50a以外的部分覆盖通孔50a，以此提升密封件62的密封性能。可选地，密封件62的材料是橡胶或硅胶。在一个示例中，参见图6和图9所示，限位件61包括抵压部611和限位部612。抵压部611连接于限位部612并且覆盖至少部分密封件62。优选地，抵压部611覆盖整个密封件62。至少部分限位部612位于锁固件70靠近端盖50的一侧。锁固件70抵压限位部612以限制端盖50与密封组件60分离。锁固件70从限位部612远离端盖50的一侧对限位部612远离端盖50的表面施加沿通孔50a的轴向X的压应力，以使抵压部611对密封件62施加沿通孔50a的轴向X的压应力，从而抵压部611将密封件62压紧固定。
在一个实施例中，参见图6和图9所示，端盖50还包括本体部52。连接部51为凸出于本体部52表面的凸台。通孔50a贯穿连接部51和本体部52。密封件62至少部分位于连接部51沿通孔50a的轴向X的一侧。在一个示例中，本体部52是矩形板状结构。连接部51包括中间柱状部以及两个立柱。两个立柱位于中间柱状部相对两侧，也即中间柱状部位于两个立柱之间。通孔50a贯穿中间柱状部。两个立柱上分别设置有卡槽511。可选地，两个立柱沿通孔50a的周向Y均匀间隔设置。锁固件70为环形结构。锁固件70卡接于两个立柱上的卡槽511内，从而与连接部51 处于锁定状态。在将锁固件70和连接部51锁定或解锁时，可以使用辅助工具预先将锁固件70的开口71扩大，以便于两个立柱顺利通过开口71进入容纳空间72或者从容纳空间72移出。
在一个实施例中，参见图6和图10所示，限位件61还包括支撑部613以及容纳槽614。支撑部613连接抵压部611和限位部612。容纳槽614沿通孔50a的径向贯穿支撑部613。沿通孔50a的径向，端盖50的连接部51穿过容纳槽614。端盖50的连接部51和容纳槽614可以沿通孔50a的轴向X相互插接配合。连接部51上位于容纳槽614以外的部分用于与锁固件70锁定并且与限位件61的限位部612沿通孔50a的周向Y错位设置。卡槽511的限位壁511a设置于连接部51上位于容纳槽614以外的部分。限位件61受到连接部51上位于容纳槽614以内的部分的约束限制，从而限位件61不能相对连接部51转动。
在通过通孔50a向二次电池30注入电解液后，将密封件62放置于连接部51上，再将限位件61沿通孔50a的轴向X与连接部51插接配合。然后将锁固件70沿通孔50a的径向移动并卡接于连接部51的卡槽511以使锁固件70与连接部51锁定。锁固件70可以对限位件61和密封件62形成约束，限制限位件61和密封件62沿通孔50a的轴向X移动。在需要对二次电池30补充电解液时，先将锁固件70沿通孔50a的径向移动并从卡槽511中退出以使锁固件70与连接部51分离解锁。以此沿通孔50a的轴向X取走限位件61和密封件62，露出通孔50a。通过通孔50a向二次电池30补充电解液。
在一个实施例中，参见图6和图10所示，端盖50具有凹槽50b。通孔50a与凹槽50b相连通。至少部分密封件62收容于凹槽50b内，从而有利于减小端盖组件40在通孔50a的轴向X上的尺寸，可以提高二次电池30的能量密度。凹槽50b设置于连接部51，并且沿通孔50a的轴向X，凹槽50b与中间柱状部对应设置。
在一个实施例中，参见图11至图15所示，本实施例的端盖组件40与图5至图10所示实施例的端盖组件40相同的结构在此不再赘述，主要对不同之处进行描述。连接部51为柱状的凸台。连接部51上设置的卡槽 511为环形卡槽511。锁固件70为具有开口71的环形结构，从而锁固件70可以从不同的位置卡接于连接部51的卡槽511。通孔50a位于连接部51的外侧，也即沿通孔50a的径向，通孔50a与连接部51间隔设置。通孔50a贯穿本体部52。在一个示例中，两个以上的通孔50a环绕连接部51均匀间隔设置。限位件61和密封件62均为环形结构。限位件61和密封件62各自用于与连接部51套设连接。限位件61位于锁固件70靠近端盖50一侧的部分形成限位部612，而抵压部611位于限位部612的外围。限位件61和密封件62套设于连接部51后，连接部51上设置卡槽511的部分穿出限位件61，从而便于锁固件70在限位件61上远离密封件62的一侧与卡槽511卡接固定。锁固件70从限位部612远离密封件62的一侧对限位部612施加沿通孔50a的轴向X的压应力，以使抵压部611对密封件62施加沿通孔50a的轴向X的压应力，从而将密封件62压紧固定。至少部分密封件62设置于抵压部611和端盖50之间并且密封所有通孔50a。
在一个实施例中，参见图11和图15所示，端盖50的本体部52上设置凹槽50b。通孔50a与凹槽50b相连通。连接部51设置于凹槽50b的底部。连接部51为凸出于本体部52的柱状的凸台。在密封件62套设于连接部51后，至少部分密封件62容纳于凹槽50b内。密封件62位于凹槽50b内的部分可以与凹槽50b的底壁和侧壁接触并保持密封配合状态，有利于提高密封件62和端盖50之间的密封可靠性和稳定性。优选地，限位件61和密封件62均整体位于凹槽50b内。
在通过通孔50a向二次电池30注入电解液后，将密封件62和限位件61依次套设于连接部51上，再将锁固件70沿通孔50a的径向移动并卡接于连接部51的卡槽511以使锁固件70与连接部51锁定。锁固件70可以对限位件61和密封件62形成约束，限制限位件61和密封件62沿通孔50a的轴向X移动。在需要对二次电池30补充电解液时，先将锁固件70沿通孔50a的径向移动并从卡槽511中退出以使锁固件70与连接部51分离解锁。以此沿通孔50a的轴向X取走限位件61和密封件62，露出通孔50a。通过通孔50a向二次电池30补充电解液。
本申请实施例还提供一种二次电池30的注液方法，其包括：
提供端盖50，端盖50具有通孔50a，并具有连接部51；
通过通孔50a注入电解液；
提供密封组件60；
将密封组件60安装在端盖50上，并且密封组件60覆盖通孔50a；
提供锁固件70，沿通孔50a的径向朝靠近连接部51的方向移动锁固件70，使锁固件70与连接部51锁定，以限制端盖50与密封组件60分离，使得密封组件60保持密封状态。
在一个实施例中，需要对二次电池30补充电解液时，沿通孔50a的径向朝远离连接部51的方向移动锁固件70，使锁固件70与连接部51解锁，以将锁固件70与端盖50分离，以便对密封组件60进行相应操作。
在一个实施例中，在沿通孔50a的径向朝远离连接部51的方向移动锁固件70之后，注液方法还包括：将密封组件60从端盖50上移除，从而打开通孔50a，通过通孔50a可以向二次电池30内补充电解液。在完成电解液补充工作后，重新将密封组件60安装在端盖50上并且覆盖通孔50a。再将锁固件70与连接部51锁定，以使得密封组件60保持于密封状态。
本申请实施例还提供一种注液装置，用于向二次电池30注入电解液，其包括注液部件和锁固件拆装部件。注液部件被配置为将电解液注入通孔50a。锁固件拆装部件被配置为在解锁状态时沿通孔50a的径向朝靠近连接部51的方向移动锁固件70，以使锁固件70与连接部51锁定，限制端盖50与密封组件60分离。或者，锁固件拆装部件被配置为沿通孔50a的径向朝远离连接部51的方向移动锁固件70，使锁固件70与连接部51解锁。锁固件拆装部件能够沿通孔50a的径向移动锁固件70，以使锁固件70和连接部51在锁定状态和解锁状态之间切换。
在一个实施例中，注液装置还包括密封组件拆装部件。密封组件拆装部件被配置为在将密封组件60安装在端盖50上，或者将密封组件60从端盖50上移除。
本申请实施例的注液装置可以匹配上述实施例的端盖组件40协同使 用，从而提升二次电池30补充电解液工序的自动化控制程度，降低人工劳动强度，提高补充电解液工序的工作效率。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种端盖组件，用于二次电池，包括：
    端盖，设有用于注入电解液的通孔，所述端盖具有连接部；
    密封组件，用于密封所述通孔；
    锁固件，被配置为沿所述通孔的径向相对于所述连接部可移动，以用于实现所述锁固件与所述连接部在锁定状态和解锁状态切换，在所述锁定状态时，所述锁固件抵压所述密封组件以限制所述端盖与所述密封组件分离；在所述解锁状态时，所述端盖与所述密封组件可分离，以允许从所述通孔注入所述电解液。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的端盖组件，其中，所述锁固件具有相互连通的开口和容纳空间，所述连接部被配置为经所述开口进入所述容纳空间；或者，所述连接部被配置为经所述开口与所述容纳空间分离。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的端盖组件，其中，所述锁固件卡接于所述连接部，以使两者处于所述锁定状态。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的端盖组件，其中，所述连接部设有卡槽，至少部分所述锁固件位于所述卡槽内，以限制所述锁固件沿所述通孔的轴向移动。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的端盖组件，其中，所述卡槽具有限位壁，用于与所述锁固件沿所述轴向相抵。
  6. 根据权利要求3至5任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，所述密封组件包括限位件和密封件，所述密封件密封所述通孔，所述密封件设置于所述限位件和所述端盖之间。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的端盖组件，其中，所述限位件包括抵压部和限位部，所述抵压部连接于所述限位部，并覆盖至少部分所述密封件，所述锁固件抵压所述限位部以限制所述端盖与所述密封组件分离。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的端盖组件，其中，所述端盖还包括本体部，所述连接部为凸出于所述本体部的表面的凸台。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的端盖组件，其中，所述通孔位于所述连接部 的外侧，并沿自身轴向贯穿所述本体部；所述限位件和所述密封件均为环形结构，并与所述连接部套设连接。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的端盖组件，其中，所述通孔沿自身轴向贯穿所述连接部和所述本体部，所述密封件至少部分位于所述连接部沿所述轴向的一侧。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的端盖组件，其中，所述限位件还包括容纳槽以及连接所述抵压部和所述限位部的支撑部，所述容纳槽沿所述径向贯穿所述支撑部；
    所述连接部穿过所述容纳槽，所述连接部位于所述容纳槽外部的部分与所述限位部沿所述通孔的周向错位，并用于与所述锁固件锁定。
  12. 根据权利要求6至11任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，所述端盖具有凹槽，所述通孔与所述凹槽相连通，至少部分所述密封件收容于所述凹槽。
  13. 一种二次电池，其中，包括如权利要求1至12任一项所述的端盖组件。
  14. 一种电池模块，其中，包括如权利要求13所述的二次电池。
  15. 一种装置，其中，包括如权利要求13所述的二次电池，所述二次电池用于提供电能。
  16. 一种二次电池的注液方法，其中，包括：
    提供端盖，所述端盖具有通孔，并具有连接部；
    通过所述通孔注入电解液；
    提供密封组件；
    将所述密封组件安装在所述端盖上；
    提供锁固件，沿所述通孔的径向朝靠近所述连接部的方向移动所述锁固件，使所述锁固件与所述连接部锁定，以限制所述端盖与所述密封组件分离。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的注液方法，其中，还包括：
    沿所述通孔的所述径向朝远离所述连接部的方向移动所述锁固件，使所述锁固件与所述连接部解锁，以将所述锁固件与所述端盖分离。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的注液方法，其中，在沿所述通孔的所述径向朝远离所述连接部的方向移动所述锁固件之后，所述注液方法还包括：
    将所述密封组件从所述端盖上移除。
  19. 一种注液装置，用于向如权利要求13所述的二次电池注入电解液，其中，包括：
    注液部件，被配置为将电解液注入所述通孔；和
    锁固件拆装部件，被配置为在所述解锁状态时沿所述通孔的所述径向朝靠近所述连接部的方向移动所述锁固件，以使所述锁固件与所述连接部锁定，限制所述端盖与所述密封组件分离；或者，被配置为沿所述通孔的所述径向朝远离所述连接部的方向移动所述锁固件，使所述锁固件与所述连接部解锁。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的注液装置，其中，所述注液装置还包括：
    密封组件拆装部件，被配置为将所述密封组件安装在所述端盖上，或者将所述密封组件从所述端盖上移除。
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