WO2021228261A1 - 换电设备的换电控制方法以及换电设备 - Google Patents

换电设备的换电控制方法以及换电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021228261A1
WO2021228261A1 PCT/CN2021/094153 CN2021094153W WO2021228261A1 WO 2021228261 A1 WO2021228261 A1 WO 2021228261A1 CN 2021094153 W CN2021094153 W CN 2021094153W WO 2021228261 A1 WO2021228261 A1 WO 2021228261A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
image
battery swapping
swapping device
positioning
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PCT/CN2021/094153
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张建平
陆文成
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奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021228261A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021228261A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60SSERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of battery swapping, in particular to a battery swapping control method of a battery swapping device and a battery swapping device.
  • Electric vehicles use electricity instead of oil to achieve zero emissions and low noise, which is an important means to solve energy and environmental problems.
  • electric vehicles With the shortage of petroleum resources and the development of battery technology, electric vehicles have approached or even surpassed traditional fuel vehicles in terms of performance and economy, and have begun to be gradually promoted and applied worldwide.
  • a new generation of energy-saving and environmentally friendly vehicles represented by electric vehicles is an inevitable trend in the development of the automotive industry.
  • the development of electric vehicle charging and swapping technology and the construction of electric vehicle charging and swapping facilities have attracted widespread attention.
  • the battery pack of an electric car can be located on the bottom of the car or on the side of the car.
  • a battery replacement device such as a palletizer
  • the battery replacement equipment needs to be accurately positioned with the electric vehicle to ensure the smooth removal and installation of the battery pack, and to avoid bumping the battery pack during the removal and installation process.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of long-term position alignment and adjustment required for battery pack interaction between battery exchange equipment and electric vehicles in the prior art, and low battery exchange efficiency. Electric equipment replacement control method and power replacement equipment.
  • a battery swap control method for a battery swap device where the battery swap device is used to replace a battery pack of an electric vehicle, and the battery swap control method includes:
  • this solution can provide a reference for the subsequent repositioning process and save the time for repositioning.
  • the switching control method further includes:
  • This solution can take out the unlocked battery pack efficiently and accurately by using the battery replacement device that has been positioned.
  • the method further includes:
  • This solution completes the repositioning of the battery swapping equipment by referring to the recorded positioning data, which effectively improves the positioning efficiency and positioning accuracy, saves the time of the entire battery swap link, and can effectively prevent the queuing of vehicles during the peak battery swap period.
  • the step of positioning the power swapping device so that the power swapping device is moved to a matching power swapping position includes:
  • the power swap device is controlled to move to the matching power swap position, so that the unlocking mechanism is aligned with the unlocking member on the battery bracket.
  • the image of the corresponding position on the battery bracket is acquired, and the position adjustment amount is obtained by processing the image, and then the position of the battery replacement device is adjusted, so that the unlocking mechanism and the unlocking member have a higher positioning accuracy.
  • the step of performing image processing on the first image and the second image to obtain the position adjustment amount includes:
  • the amount of rotation angle is obtained according to the depth value of the first position in the first image and the depth value of the second position in the second image.
  • This solution obtains at least one of the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, and the angular rotation through the collected image information, which provides multi-dimensional position adjustment parameters for the battery replacement device, and effectively ensures high positioning accuracy.
  • the step of controlling the battery swapping device to move to the matching battery swapping position according to the position adjustment amount so that the unlocking mechanism is aligned with the unlocking member on the battery bracket includes:
  • This solution implements positioning control in multiple directions through at least one of the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement and the angular rotation to ensure the multi-dimensional positioning control requirements, so that the unlocking mechanism and the unlocking member can successfully complete the positioning.
  • the method further includes: controlling the battery swapping device according to preset position parameters Move to the coarse positioning position; this solution can control the battery replacement device to move to the coarse positioning position according to the preset position parameters, which can effectively improve the efficiency of positioning and battery replacement.
  • the method further includes: extending the The unlocking mechanism is matched with the unlocking member in place and unlocked.
  • the solution realizes the accurate positioning and unlocking of the unlocking mechanism and the unlocking member by adjusting the position of the power replacement device.
  • the method further includes:
  • the battery swapping device is adjusted according to the third vertical displacement amount and the fourth vertical displacement amount, so that the unlocking mechanism is aligned with the unlocking member on the battery bracket.
  • This solution takes into account that after the battery pack is taken out, the inclination of the vehicle as a whole will change slightly, thus driving the vertical position of the battery bracket to change.
  • the vertical position of the replacement device is determined by collecting the third image and the fourth image. Adjust so that the battery pack can be accurately placed in the battery bay of the electric vehicle by the battery replacement device.
  • a power swapping device the power swapping device includes a positioning mechanism and a recording module, the positioning mechanism is used to position the power swapping device so that the power swapping device can move to a matching power swap position;
  • the recording module is used to obtain and record the positioning data corresponding to the power exchange position.
  • the corresponding positioning data can be recorded and stored through the recording module, which provides a reference for the subsequent re-positioning process and saves the time for re-positioning.
  • the battery swapping device further includes an unlocking mechanism and a position adjustment mechanism
  • the position adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the position of the unlocking mechanism according to at least one of the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, and the rotation angle obtained by the positioning mechanism until the unlocking mechanism and the unlocking member on the battery bracket are completed position;
  • the unlocking mechanism is used to unlock the battery pack locked on the battery bracket.
  • This solution is based on the accurate positioning of the battery replacement equipment, and can realize the smooth positioning and unlocking of the unlocking mechanism and the unlocking piece.
  • the positioning mechanism includes a vision sensor and a position acquisition module;
  • the vision sensor is used for image acquisition of the first position and the second position of the battery bracket to obtain the first image and the second image;
  • the position acquisition module is configured to perform image processing on the first image and the second image to acquire at least one of the horizontal displacement amount, the vertical displacement amount, and the rotation angle amount.
  • the battery replacement device in this solution obtains the image of the corresponding position on the battery bracket through the visual sensor, and obtains at least one of the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement and the rotation angle by processing the image, which not only ensures the convenience of image acquisition It also provides multi-dimensional position adjustment parameters for power replacement equipment, which effectively guarantees high positioning accuracy.
  • the switching equipment further includes a control module
  • control module is used to control the battery replacement device to move to the battery replacement position according to the recorded positioning data
  • the control module is also used to control the battery swapping device to install the new battery pack on the electric vehicle.
  • the battery swapping device in this solution completes the repositioning by referring to the recorded positioning data, which effectively improves the positioning efficiency and positioning accuracy, saves the time for the entire battery swap link, and can effectively prevent the queuing of vehicles during the peak battery swap period.
  • the positive and progressive effect of the present invention is that: the method for controlling the battery swapping device provided by the present invention locates the battery swapping device so that the battery swapping device moves to a matching battery swap position; acquiring and recording the Positioning data corresponding to the electrical position.
  • the method for controlling the battery swapping device locates the battery swapping device so that the battery swapping device moves to a matching battery swap position; acquiring and recording the Positioning data corresponding to the electrical position.
  • Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a power exchange control method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a power exchange control method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power exchange device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relative position of the vision sensor and the target device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the first reference image G1 in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the first image G11 in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the corresponding calculation of the depth value and the rotation angle in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram of the actual installation position of the vision sensor in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • This embodiment provides a method for controlling power replacement of a power replacement device, and the power replacement device may be a palletizer.
  • the battery replacement device can be used to replace the battery pack of an electric vehicle.
  • the battery replacement control method can include the following steps:
  • Step S10 Position the battery swapping device so that the battery swapping device moves to a matching battery swap position
  • Step S11 Obtain and record the positioning data corresponding to the battery replacement position.
  • the acquired positioning data may be stored in a local non-volatile memory or a cloud database, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
  • the positioning data corresponding to the battery swapping device By recording and storing the positioning data corresponding to the battery swapping device, it can provide a reference for the subsequent repositioning process and save the time for repositioning.
  • the method for controlling power exchange may further include the following steps:
  • Step S12 Control the battery replacement device to unlock the battery pack locked on the battery tray
  • Step S13 Control the battery replacement device to take out the unlocked battery pack.
  • the battery pack that has been unlocked can be taken out efficiently and accurately by using the battery replacement device that has been positioned.
  • the battery pack that is taken out is a battery pack that is exhausted or nearly exhausted, and the battery replacement device carries the removed battery pack to the battery compartment to recharge the battery pack.
  • step S13 the following steps may be included:
  • Step S14 After the battery replacement device takes the new battery pack, the battery replacement device is controlled to move to the battery replacement position according to the recorded positioning data;
  • the new battery pack may be a fully charged battery pack retrieved from the battery replacement bin or a battery pack whose power has reached the usage requirement.
  • Step S15 Control the battery replacement device to install the new battery pack on the electric vehicle.
  • the battery replacement control method provided in this embodiment records the positioning information corresponding to the battery replacement position obtained by the battery replacement device before the battery pack is removed from the electric vehicle.
  • the battery replacement device retrieves the fully charged battery from the battery compartment
  • the battery pack is installed at the battery pack position again, it can directly correct the position of the battery replacement device according to the pre-recorded positioning information of the battery replacement position. There is no need to repeat the positioning to find the battery replacement position, which effectively saves the battery replacement time.
  • the efficiency of power exchange is improved, which can effectively prevent vehicles from queuing during the peak period of power exchange.
  • This embodiment provides a power swap control method for a power swap device. As shown in FIG. 2, the power swap control method is a further improvement on the basis of Embodiment 1.
  • Step S10 may specifically include the following steps:
  • Step S101 Collecting the first image and the second image obtained by performing image collection on the first position and the second position of the battery bracket;
  • Step S102 Perform image processing on the first image and the second image to obtain a position adjustment amount
  • Step S103 Control the power replacement device to move to a matching power replacement position according to the position adjustment amount, so that the unlocking mechanism is aligned with the unlocking member on the battery bracket.
  • the first vision sensor and the second vision sensor may be used to obtain the first image and the second image, respectively.
  • the position of the unlocking mechanism can be adjusted according to at least one of the horizontal displacement, the first vertical displacement, the second vertical displacement, and the rotation angle until the unlocking mechanism and the unlocking member on the battery bracket are positioned.
  • the position of the battery replacement device should match the position of the battery bracket of the electric vehicle, so that the unlocking mechanism and the unlocking member can be aligned to facilitate subsequent insertion of the unlocking mechanism to unlock
  • position deviations for example: horizontal position deviation, vertical position deviation and rotation angle position deviation. Due to the position deviation, the unlocking mechanism cannot be completely aligned with the unlocking piece. Therefore, the replacement equipment needs to be moved to a certain level. The amount of displacement, the amount of vertical displacement, and the amount of rotation angle are matched to the actual parking position of the vehicle, so that the unlocking mechanism is completely aligned with the unlocking member.
  • At least one of the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, and the angular rotation is obtained through the collected image information, which provides multi-dimensional position adjustment parameters for the battery replacement device, effectively ensuring high positioning accuracy.
  • the battery swapping device may also be controlled to move to the coarse positioning position according to preset position parameters. As a result, the efficiency of positioning and power exchange can be effectively improved.
  • the technician when designing the relative position of the electric vehicle and the battery swapping device, the technician can set the preset position parameters for the battery swapping device.
  • the battery swapping device can follow the preset
  • the position parameter moves to the area where the electric vehicle is located, it can be considered that the positional relationship between the unlocking mechanism and the battery bracket of the electric vehicle has reached the estimated range.
  • the position of the battery replacement device can be finely adjusted by the positioning mechanism, so that the unlocking mechanism can accurately unlock the battery pack of the electric vehicle and take out the battery pack.
  • the unlocking structure is provided on the battery swapping device, after the battery swapping device is positioned, the unlocking mechanism can be extended until it fits in place with the unlocking member on the battery bracket and unlocks. Therefore, the accurate positioning and unlocking of the unlocking mechanism and the unlocking member are realized by adjusting the position of the power replacement device.
  • the third image and the fourth image obtained by image collection of the first position and the second position of the battery holder can be collected; the third vertical displacement amount can be obtained according to the third image and the first reference image, and according to The fourth image and the second reference image acquire the fourth vertical displacement; next, the battery replacement device can be adjusted according to the third vertical displacement and the fourth vertical displacement, so that the unlocking mechanism is aligned with the unlocking member on the battery bracket Therefore, the fine adjustment of the vertical position of the battery replacement device is completed, and the retrieved battery can be inserted into the battery tray of the electric vehicle.
  • the battery swap control method of the battery swap device obtaineds the image of the corresponding position on the battery bracket through the vision sensor, and obtains at least one of the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, and the angular rotation by processing the image, which is
  • the power replacement device provides multi-dimensional position adjustment parameters, which effectively guarantees a high positioning accuracy, so that the unlocking mechanism and the unlocking member can be smoothly aligned and unlocked.
  • this embodiment can also fine-tune the vertical position of the battery replacement device through the collected third and fourth images, so as to accurately and timely put the retrieved battery into the battery bay of the electric vehicle.
  • the battery swapping device 1 may include a positioning mechanism 11 and a recording module 12.
  • the positioning mechanism 11 is used to position the battery swapping device 1 so that the battery swapping device 1 can move.
  • the recording module 12 is used to obtain and record the positioning data corresponding to the power-swap position.
  • the corresponding positioning data can be recorded and stored through the recording module, which provides a reference for the subsequent re-positioning process and saves the time for re-positioning.
  • the power swapping device 1 in this embodiment can execute the power swap control method of the foregoing Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2.
  • the power exchange device 1 may also include an unlocking mechanism 13 and a position adjustment mechanism 14;
  • the position adjustment mechanism 14 is used for adjusting the position of the unlocking mechanism 13 according to at least one of the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement and the rotation angle obtained by the positioning mechanism 11 until the unlocking mechanism 13 and the unlocking member on the battery bracket are positioned;
  • the unlocking mechanism 13 is used to unlock the battery pack locked on the battery bracket.
  • the positioning mechanism 11 includes a visual sensor and a position acquisition module 113.
  • the vision sensor may include a first vision sensor 111 and a second vision sensor 112.
  • the vision sensor is used for image acquisition of the first position and the second position of the battery bracket to obtain the first image and the second image;
  • the position acquiring module 113 is configured to perform image processing on the first image and the second image to acquire at least one of the horizontal displacement amount, the vertical displacement amount, and the rotation angle amount.
  • the battery bracket on the electric vehicle can be used as the target device 2 positioned by the positioning mechanism 11, and a first position A and a second position B are preset on the battery bracket.
  • the first visual sensor 111 can obtain a first image of the target device 2 in the direction indicated by the arrow, and the first image includes the first position A on the target device 2; the second visual sensor 112 can obtain the target device 2 in the direction indicated by the arrow.
  • the second image, the second image includes the second position B on the target device 2.
  • the position obtaining module 113 may obtain the horizontal displacement amount according to the first image and the first reference image corresponding to the first position A, and the second image and the second reference image corresponding to the second position B;
  • the position acquiring module 113 may acquire the first vertical displacement amount according to the first image and the first reference image, and acquire the second vertical displacement amount according to the second image and the second reference image;
  • the position obtaining module 113 may obtain the amount of rotation angle according to the depth value of the first position in the first image and the depth value of the second position in the second image.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the first reference image G1
  • the first reference image G1 includes the first position A on the target device 2.
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the first image G11.
  • the first image G11 includes the first position A on the target device 2.
  • the position in the first reference image G1 of the pixel corresponding to the first position A in the first reference image G1 obtained by analyzing the first reference image G1 is used as a reference for positioning and is referred to as a "target position" for ease of description.
  • the position of the pixel corresponding to the first position A on the target device 2 in the first image G11 in the first image G11 is obtained by analyzing the first image G11, which is called "real-time position" for convenience of description.
  • the position acquisition module 113 can obtain the first horizontal displacement and the first vertical displacement of the first visual sensor 111 according to the target position and the real-time position. It can be understood that by moving the first visual sensor 111 by the first horizontal displacement amount and the first vertical displacement amount, the first visual sensor 111 can capture an image consistent with the first reference image G1.
  • the position acquiring module 113 may also acquire the second horizontal displacement amount and the second vertical displacement amount according to the second image and the pre-stored second reference image. By moving the second visual sensor 112 by the second horizontal displacement amount and the second vertical displacement amount, the second visual sensor 112 can capture an image consistent with the second reference image.
  • the first visual sensor 111 is disposed at a position corresponding to the first position A
  • the second visual sensor 112 is disposed at a position corresponding to the second position B.
  • the first position A and the second position B There is a first preset distance D3 between them, and a second preset distance L between the first vision sensor 111 and the second vision sensor 112.
  • the position acquisition module 113 performs image processing on the first image to obtain the first depth of field, the first depth of field value is the depth value D1 of the first position A in the first image; the position acquisition module 113 performs image processing on the second image to obtain the second The depth of field, the second depth of field value is the depth value D2 of the second position B in the second image.
  • the specific method for the position obtaining module 113 to obtain the depth of field value can be implemented by using an algorithm disclosed in the art, which can be implemented by a person skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.
  • the position adjustment mechanism 14 can be rotated in a corresponding direction according to the rotation angle ⁇ , so that the target device 2 and the position adjustment mechanism 14 can be parallel.
  • the battery swapping device 1 may also include a control module 15;
  • control module 15 is used to control the battery replacement device 1 to move to the battery replacement position according to the recorded positioning data;
  • the control module 15 is also used to control the battery swapping device 1 to install the new battery pack on the electric vehicle.
  • the vision sensor can also perform image capture on the first position A and the second position B of the battery tray to obtain the third image And the fourth image; the position acquisition module 113 can acquire the third vertical displacement amount according to the third image and the first reference image, and acquire the fourth vertical displacement amount according to the fourth image and the second reference image; next, the position adjustment mechanism 14
  • the battery swapping device 1 can be adjusted according to the third vertical displacement and the fourth vertical displacement so that the unlocking mechanism 13 is aligned with the unlocking member on the battery bracket. Therefore, the vertical position of the battery swapping device 1 can be fine-tuned The battery holder of the electric vehicle is placed in the retrieved battery.
  • FIG. 8 shows the actual installation position of the vision sensor.
  • the first vision sensor 111 and the second vision sensor 112 can be installed on the side of the position adjustment mechanism 14 opposite to the electric vehicle to facilitate battery detection.
  • the target position on the bracket, the unlocking mechanism 13 and the position adjustment mechanism 14 are installed together.
  • the unlocking structure 13 and the unlocking member on the battery bracket can be made Relatively accurate.
  • the battery replacement device uses the positioning mechanism 11 and the recording module 12 to achieve accurate positioning, thereby improving the efficiency of battery replacement.

Abstract

提供了一种换电设备的换电控制方法以及换电设备,换电设备(1)用于对电动汽车进行电池包更换,换电控制方法包括:对换电设备(1)进行定位(S10),以使换电设备(1)移动至匹配的换电位置;获取并记录与换电位置相对应的定位数据(S11)。根据电动汽车的停车位置对换电设备(1)的位置进行定位、调整使其与电动汽车实现精确对准,实现了快速高效的定位,定位后并记录下定位数据,便于换电设备(1)在后续的安装过程中基于该定位数据直接移动到位,可以有效节约整体的换电时间,提高换电效率。

Description

换电设备的换电控制方法以及换电设备
本申请要求申请日为2020/5/15的中国专利申请2020104148319的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本发明涉及电池换电技术领域,具体涉及一种换电设备的换电控制方法以及换电设备。
背景技术
电动汽车以电代油,能够实现零排放与低噪声,是解决能源和环境问题的重要手段。随着石油资源的紧张和电池技术的发展,电动汽车在性能和经济性方面已经接近甚至优于传统燃油汽车,并开始在世界范围内逐渐推广应用。以电动汽车为代表的新一代节能与环保汽车是汽车工业发展的必然趋势。作为电动汽车大规模推广应用的重要前提和基础,电动汽车充换电技术的发展和电动汽车充换电设施建设引起了各方广泛关注。
电动汽车的电池包,可位于汽车的底部,也可位于汽车的侧面。在换电设备(例如:码垛机)为电动汽车更换电池包时,需要按照预设的控制程序移动至电动汽车的电池包所在区域,然后利用解锁机构解锁电池包,再将待充电电池包取走,并且从电池仓为电动汽车拿取满电电池包。在取电池包和安装电池包的过程中,换电设备都需要与电动汽车之间进行精确定位,以保证电池包顺利取出和安装,并且避免在取出和安装过程中对电池包造成磕碰。
现有技术中,在换电设备从电动汽车中取出亏电电池包之前需要控制换电设备与电动汽车的电池托架进行准确定位,从而准确地对电池包进行解锁;而在换电设备安装满电电池包到电动汽车的电池托架上之前还需要控制换电设备与电池托架的准确定位,从而让电池托架准确锁止电池包。这样导致换电效率较低,尤其是在换电高峰期,容易造成换电车辆排队积压,影响了用户体验。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是为了克服现有技术中换电设备与电动汽车 之间在进行电池包交互时需要进行长时间的位置对准和调整,换电效率低的缺陷,提供一种换电设备的换电控制方法以及换电设备。
本发明是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题:
一种换电设备的换电控制方法,所述换电设备用于对电动汽车进行电池包更换,所述换电控制方法包括:
对所述换电设备进行定位,以使所述换电设备移动至匹配的换电位置;
获取并记录与所述换电位置相对应的定位数据。
本方案通过对换电设备对应的定位数据进行记录和存储,可以为后续的再次定位过程提供参考依据,节约了再次定位的时间。
较佳地,所述换电控制方法还包括:
控制所述换电设备对锁止在电池托架上的电池包进行解锁;
控制所述换电设备取出被解锁的电池包。
本方案可以利用定位完成的换电设备高效、准确的取出被解锁的电池包。
较佳地,所述控制所述换电设备取出被解锁的电池包的步骤之后还包括:
当所述换电设备拿取新的电池包后,控制所述换电设备根据已记录的所述定位数据移动至所述换电位置;
控制所述换电设备将所述新的电池包安装到所述电动汽车上。
本方案通过参考已经记录的定位数据完成对换电设备的再次定位,有效提高了定位效率和定位准确性,节约了整个换电环节的时间,可以有效防止换电高峰期车辆排队的情况。
较佳地,所述对所述换电设备进行定位,以使所述换电设备移动至匹配的换电位置的步骤包括:
采集对电池托架的第一位置和第二位置进行图像采集以获取到的第一图像和第二图像;
对所述第一图像和所述第二图像进行图像处理以获取位置调整量;
根据所述位置调整量控制所述换电设备移动至匹配的所述换电位置,以使解锁机构与所述电池托架上的解锁件相对准。
本方案通过获取电池托架上相应位置的图像,并通过对图像进行处理得到位置调整量,然后调整换电设备的位置,从而使得解锁机构与解锁件具有较高的定位精准度。
较佳地,所述对所述第一图像和所述第二图像进行图像处理以获取位置 调整量的步骤包括:
根据所述第一图像和所述第一位置对应的第一参考图像,以及第二图像和所述第二位置对应的第二参考图像获取水平位移量;
和/或,
根据所述第一图像和所述第一参考图像获取第一垂直位移量,以及根据所述第二图像和所述第二参考图像获取第二垂直位移量;
和/或
根据所述第一位置在所述第一图像中的景深值,以及所述第二位置在所述第二图像中的景深值获取旋转角度量。
本方案通过采集的图像信息来得到水平位移量、垂直位移量和角度旋转量中的至少一个,为换电设备提供了多维度的位置调整参数,有效保证了较高的定位精度。
较佳地,所述根据所述位置调整量控制所述换电设备移动至匹配的所述换电位置,以使解锁机构与所述电池托架上的解锁件相对准的步骤包括:
根据所述水平位移量、所述第一垂直位移量、所述第二垂直位移量、所述旋转角度量中的至少一种调整所述解锁机构的位置直至所述解锁机构与所述电池托架上的解锁件完成定位。
本方案通过水平位移量、垂直位移量和角度旋转量中的至少一个来实现多个方向上的定位控制,以保证多维度定位控制需求,使得解锁机构与解锁件顺利完成定位。
较佳地,所述采集对电池托架的第一位置和第二位置进行图像采集以获取到的第一图像和第二图像的步骤之前还包括:根据预设位置参数控制所述换电设备移动至粗定位位置;本方案可以根据预设位置参数控制换电设备移动至粗定位位置,可以有效提高定位和换电的效率。
和/或,
所述根据所述位置调整量控制所述换电设备移动至匹配的所述换电位置,以使解锁机构与所述电池托架上的解锁件相对准的步骤之后还包括:伸出所述解锁机构直至与所述解锁件配合到位并进行解锁。
本方案通过换电设备的位置调整进而实现了解锁机构与解锁件的准确定位并解锁。
较佳地,当所述换电设备拿取新的电池包后,控制所述换电设备根据已 记录的所述定位数据移动至所述换电位置的步骤之后还包括:
采集对电池托架的第一位置和第二位置进行图像采集以获取到的第三图像和第四图像;
根据所述第三图像和所述第一参考图像获取第三垂直位移量,以及根据所述第四图像和所述第二参考图像获取第四垂直位移量;
根据所述第三垂直位移量和所述第四垂直位移量调整所述换电设备,以使解锁机构与所述电池托架上的解锁件相对准。
本方案考虑到电池包被取出后,车辆整体的倾斜度会发生较小改变,因而带动电池托架的垂直位置发生变化的情况。当换电设备拿取新的电池包,并且控制换电设备根据已记录的定位数据移动至换电位置后,再通过采集第三图像和第四图像的方式对换电设备的垂直位置进行微小调整,以便于换电设备能够将电池包准确的放入电动汽车的电池托架。
一种换电设备,所述换电设备包括定位机构及记录模块,所述定位机构用于对所述换电设备进行定位,以使所述换电设备移动至匹配的换电位置;所述记录模块用于获取并记录与所述换电位置相对应的定位数据。
本方案中的换电设备在取电池之前完成一次定位后,可以通过记录模块将对应的定位数据进行记录和存储,为后续的再次定位过程提供参考依据,节约了再次定位的时间。
较佳地,所述换电设备还包含解锁机构和位置调整机构;
所述位置调整机构用于根据所述定位机构获取的水平位移量、垂直位移量和旋转角度量中的至少一个调整所述解锁机构的位置直至所述解锁机构与电池托架上的解锁件完成定位;
所述解锁机构用于对锁止在所述电池托架上的电池包进行解锁。
本方案基于换电设备的准确定位,可以实现解锁机构与解锁件的顺利定位与解锁。
较佳地,所述定位机构包括视觉传感器以及位置获取模块;
所述视觉传感器用于对电池托架的第一位置和第二位置进行图像采集,以获取第一图像和第二图像;
所述位置获取模块用于对所述第一图像以及第二图像进行图像处理以获取所述水平位移量、所述垂直位移量和所述旋转角度量中的至少一个。
本方案中的换电设备通过视觉传感器获取电池托架上相应位置的图像, 并通过对图像进行处理得到水平位移量、垂直位移量和旋转角度量中的至少一个,不仅可以保证图像获取的便捷性,还为换电设备提供了多维度的位置调整参数,有效保证了较高的定位精度。
较佳地,所述换电设备还包含控制模块;
当所述换电设备拿取新的电池包后,所述控制模块用于控制所述换电设备根据已记录的所述定位数据移动至所述换电位置;
所述控制模块还用于控制所述换电设备将所述新的电池包安装到电动汽车上。
本方案中的换电设备通过参考已经记录的定位数据完成再次定位,有效提高了定位效率和定位准确性,节约了整个换电环节的时间,可以有效防止换电高峰期车辆排队的情况。
在符合本领域常识的基础上,上述各优选条件,可任意组合,即得本发明各较佳实例。
本发明的积极进步效果在于:本发明提供的换电设备的换电控制方法通过对换电设备进行定位,以使所述换电设备移动至匹配的换电位置;获取并记录与所述换电位置相对应的定位数据。由此,通过对换电设备在从电动汽车中取出亏电电池包之前得到的与换电位置对应的定位信息进行记录,当换电设备从电池仓取回满电电池重新又回到换电位置进行电池包安装时,能够按照预先记录的换电位置的定位信息直接对换电设备进行位置矫正,无需重复进行定位来寻找换电位置,有效节约了换电时间,提高了换电效率,可以有效防止换电高峰期车辆排队的情况。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的换电控制方法的流程图。
图2为本发明实施例2的换电控制方法的流程图。
图3为本发明实施例3的换电设备的结构示意图。
图4为本发明实施例3中的视觉传感器与目标装置相对位置示意图。
图5为本发明实施例3中的第一参考图像G1的示意图。
图6为本发明实施例3中的第一图像G11的示意图。
图7为本发明实施例3中的景深值与旋转角度量对应计算原理示意图。
图8为本发明实施例3中的视觉传感器的实际安装位置图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种换电设备的换电控制方法,换电设备可以是码垛机。
换电设备可以用于对电动汽车进行电池包更换,如图1所示,换电控制方法可以包括如下步骤:
步骤S10:对换电设备进行定位,以使换电设备移动至匹配的换电位置;
步骤S11:获取并记录与换电位置相对应的定位数据。
具体地,可以将获取到的定位数据存储在本地的非易失性存储器或者云端数据库中,本实施例对此不作具体限制。
通过对换电设备对应的定位数据进行记录和存储,可以为后续的再次定位过程提供参考依据,节约了再次定位的时间。
本实施例中,换电控制方法还可以包括如下步骤:
步骤S12:控制换电设备对锁止在电池托架上的电池包进行解锁;
步骤S13:控制换电设备取出被解锁的电池包。
由此,利用定位完成的换电设备可以高效、准确的取出被解锁的电池包。
通常情况下,被取出的电池包为电量耗尽或接近耗尽的电池包,换电设备携带取出的电池包至电池仓,以便对电池包进行重新充电。
进一步地,步骤S13之后还可以包括如下步骤:
步骤S14:当换电设备拿取新的电池包后,控制换电设备根据已记录的定位数据移动至换电位置;
具体地,新的电池包可以是从换电仓取回的充满电或电量已达到使用需求的电池包。
步骤S15:控制换电设备将新的电池包安装到电动汽车上。
本实施例提供的换电控制方法通过对换电设备在从电动汽车中取出亏电电池包之前得到的与换电位置对应的定位信息进行记录,当换电设备从电池仓取回满电电池重新又回到换电位置进行电池包安装时,能够按照预先记录的换电位置的定位信息直接对换电设备进行位置矫正,无需重复进行定位来寻找换电位置,有效节约了换电时间,提高了换电效率,可以有效防止换 电高峰期车辆排队的情况。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种换电设备的换电控制方法,如图2所示,该换电控制方法是在实施例1基础上的进一步改进。
步骤S10具体可以包括如下步骤:
步骤S101:采集对电池托架的第一位置和第二位置进行图像采集以获取到的第一图像和第二图像;
步骤S102:对第一图像和第二图像进行图像处理以获取位置调整量;
步骤S103:根据位置调整量控制换电设备移动至匹配的换电位置,以使解锁机构与电池托架上的解锁件相对准。
优选地,可以利用第一视觉传感器和第二视觉传感器分别获取第一图像和第二图像。
进一步地,可以根据水平位移量、第一垂直位移量、第二垂直位移量、旋转角度量中的至少一种调整解锁机构的位置直至解锁机构与电池托架上的解锁件完成定位。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是,在理论上的理想情况下,换电设备的位置应当与电动汽车的电池托架的位置匹配,使得解锁机构与解锁件能够对准以便于后续解锁机构插入解锁件,但在实际情况下,由于电动汽车停靠之后,其自身并不是完全处于理论上的预估位置,即与预估位置存在水平、垂直或旋转角度偏差,从而导致电池托架与换电设备之间会存在位置偏差(例如:水平位置偏差、垂直位置偏差和旋转角度位置偏差),由于位置偏差的存在,解锁机构不能与解锁件完全对准,因此,需要将换电设备移动一定的水平位移量、垂直位移量以及旋转角度量,以匹配车辆的实际停靠位置,从而使得解锁机构与解锁件完全对准。
由此,通过采集的图像信息来得到水平位移量、垂直位移量和角度旋转量中的至少一个,为换电设备提供了多维度的位置调整参数,有效保证了较高的定位精度。
本实施例中,在获取第一图像和第二图像之前还可以根据预设位置参数控制换电设备移动至粗定位位置。由此,可以有效提高定位和换电的效率。
具体地,技术人员在对电动汽车和换电设备的相对位置进行设计时,可以为换电设备设置预设位置参数,当电动汽车停在规定的换电位置后,换电 设备可以按照预设位置参数移动到电动汽车所在的区域,此时可以认为解锁机构与电动汽车的电池托架的位置关系已经达到了预估的范围。接下来,可以通过定位机构对换电设备的位置进行细致的调整,以使解锁机构能够精确的解锁电动汽车的电池包并将电池包取出。
由于解锁结构设置在换电设备上,当对换电设备完成定位后,可以伸出解锁机构直至与电池托架上的解锁件配合到位并进行解锁。由此,通过换电设备的位置调整进而实现了解锁机构与解锁件的准确定位并解锁。
另外,本领域技术人员可以理解的是,若电池包的重量较大,当换电设备从电动汽车上取下电池包后,由于电动汽车本体的承载量减轻,车辆整体的倾斜度会发生较小改变,因而带动电池托架的垂直位置会发生变化,因此,当换电设备拿取新的电池包,并且控制换电设备根据已记录的定位数据移动至换电位置后,还需要对换电设备的垂直位置进行微小调整,以便于换电设备能够将电池包准确的放入电动汽车的电池托架。
具体地,可以采集对电池托架的第一位置和第二位置进行图像采集以获取到的第三图像和第四图像;根据第三图像和第一参考图像获取第三垂直位移量,以及根据第四图像和第二参考图像获取第四垂直位移量;接下来,可以根据第三垂直位移量和第四垂直位移量调整换电设备,以使解锁机构与电池托架上的解锁件相对准,由此,换电设备的垂直位置微调完毕,可以向电动汽车的电池托架放入重新取回的电池。
本实施例提供的换电设备的换电控制方法通过视觉传感器获取电池托架上相应位置的图像,并通过对图像进行处理得到水平位移量、垂直位移量和角度旋转量中的至少一个,为换电设备提供了多维度的位置调整参数,有效保证了较高的定位精度,从而使得解锁机构与解锁件能够顺利对准和解锁。另外,本实施例还可以通过采集的第三图像和第四图像对换电设备的垂直位置进行微调,以便于准确及时的向电动汽车的电池托架放入重新取回的电池。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种换电设备,如图3所示,换电设备1可以包括定位机构11及记录模块12,定位机构11用于对换电设备1进行定位,以使换电设备1移动至匹配的换电位置;记录模块12用于获取并记录与换电位置相对应的定位数据。
换电设备在取电池之前完成一次定位后,可以通过记录模块将对应的定 位数据进行记录和存储,为后续的再次定位过程提供参考依据,节约了再次定位的时间。
优选地,本实施例中的换电设备1可以执行前述实施例1或实施例2的换电控制方法。
优选的,换电设备1还可以包含解锁机构13和位置调整机构14;
位置调整机构14用于根据定位机构11获取的水平位移量、垂直位移量和旋转角度量中的至少一个调整解锁机构13的位置直至解锁机构13与电池托架上的解锁件完成定位;
解锁机构13用于对锁止在电池托架上的电池包进行解锁。
由此,基于换电设备的准确定位,可以实现解锁机构与解锁件的顺利定位与解锁。
进一步地,定位机构11包括可以视觉传感器以及位置获取模块113。视觉传感器可以包括第一视觉传感器111和第二视觉传感器112。
视觉传感器用于对电池托架的第一位置和第二位置进行图像采集,以获取第一图像和第二图像;
位置获取模块113用于对第一图像以及第二图像进行图像处理以获取水平位移量、垂直位移量和旋转角度量中的至少一个。
通过视觉传感器获取电池托架上相应位置的图像,并通过对图像进行处理得到水平位移量、垂直位移量和旋转角度量中的至少一个,不仅可以保证图像获取的便捷性,还为换电设备提供了多维度的位置调整参数,有效保证了较高的定位精度。
在一个非限制性的实施方式中,请参照图4,电动汽车上的电池托架可以作为定位机构11定位的目标装置2,电池托架上预设有第一位置A和第二位置B。第一视觉传感器111可以沿箭头所示方向获取目标装置2的第一图像,第一图像中包括目标装置2上的第一位置A;第二视觉传感器112可以沿箭头所示方向获取目标装置2第二图像,第二图像中包括目标装置2上的第二位置B。
接下来,位置获取模块113可以根据第一图像和第一位置A对应的第一参考图像,以及第二图像和第二位置B对应的第二参考图像获取水平位移量;
和/或,位置获取模块113可以根据第一图像和第一参考图像获取第一垂 直位移量,以及根据第二图像和第二参考图像获取第二垂直位移量;
和/或,位置获取模块113可以根据第一位置在第一图像中的景深值,以及第二位置在第二图像中的景深值获取旋转角度量。
具体地,图5给出了第一参考图像G1的一种示意,第一参考图像G1包括目标装置2上的第一位置A。图6给出了第一图像G11的一种示意。第一图像G11中包括目标装置2上的第一位置A。
通过分析第一参考图像G1得到的第一位置A在第一参考图像G1中对应的像素在第一参考图像G1中的位置,作为定位的参考,为了便于说明,称为“目标位置”。
通过分析第一图像G11得到目标装置2上的第一位置A在第一图像G11中对应的像素在第一图像G11中的位置,为了便于说明,称为“实时位置”。
通过现有技术中较为成熟的图像处理算法,位置获取模块113可以根据目标位置和实时位置得到第一视觉传感器111第一水平位移量和第一垂直位移量。可以理解的是,通过将第一视觉传感器111移动第一水平位移量和第一垂直位移量,可以使得第一视觉传感器111拍摄到与第一参考图像G1一致的图像。
类似地,位置获取模块113还可以根据第二图像和预存的第二参考图像获取第二水平位移量和第二垂直位移量。通过将第二视觉传感器112移动第二水平位移量和第二垂直位移量,可以使得第二视觉传感器112拍摄到与第二参考图像一致的图像。
请参考图7,本实施例中,第一视觉传感器111设置在与第一位置A对应的位置,第二视觉传感器112设置在第二位置B对应的位置,第一位置A和第二位置B之间具有第一预设间距D3,第一视觉传感器111和第二视觉传感器112之间具有第二预设距离L。位置获取模块113对第一图像进行图像处理,得到第一景深,第一景深值为第一图像中第一位置A的景深值D1;位置获取模块113对第二图像进行图像处理,得到第二景深,第二景深值为第二图像中第二位置B的景深值D2。位置获取模块113获得景深值的具体方式可以采用本领域公开的算法实现,是本领域技术人员能够实现的,此处不再赘述。
位置获取模块113得到两个景深值的差值D=|D2-D1|。位置获取模块113根据景深值的差值D、第一视觉传感器111和第二视觉传感器112之间 的距离L以及第一位置A与第二位置B之间的距离D3,依据三角函数原理,可以得到旋转角度量θ。
位置调整机构14可以按照旋转角度量θ向相应方向旋转,可以使得目标装置2与位置调整机构14平行。
本实施例中,换电设备1还可以包含控制模块15;
当换电设备1拿取新的电池包后,控制模块15用于控制换电设备1根据已记录的定位数据移动至换电位置;
控制模块15还用于控制换电设备1将新的电池包安装到电动汽车上。
由此,通过参考已经记录的定位数据完成再次定位,有效提高了定位效率和定位准确性。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是,若电池包的重量较大,当换电设备从电动汽车上取下电池包后,由于电动汽车本体的承载量减轻,车辆整体的倾斜度会发生较小改变,因而带动电池托架的垂直位置会发生变化,因此,当换电设备1拿取新的电池包后,并且控制换电设备1根据已记录的定位数据移动至换电位置后,还需要对换电设备1的垂直位置进行微小调整,以便于换电设备1能够将电池包准确的放入电动汽车的电池托架。
具体地,当换电设备1根据已记录的定位数据移动至换电位置后,视觉传感器还可以对电池托架的第一位置A和第二位置B进行图像采集,以获取到的第三图像和第四图像;位置获取模块113可以根据第三图像和第一参考图像获取第三垂直位移量,以及根据第四图像和第二参考图像获取第四垂直位移量;接下来,位置调整机构14可以根据第三垂直位移量和第四垂直位移量调整换电设备1,以使解锁机构13与电池托架上的解锁件相对准,由此,换电设备1的垂直位置微调完毕,可以向电动汽车的电池托架放入重新取回的电池。
请参考图8,该图示出了视觉传感器的实际安装位置,其中,第一视觉传感器111和第二视觉传感器112可以安装在位置调整机构14的相对于电动汽车的一侧,以便于检测电池托架上的目标位置,解锁机构13与位置调整机构14安装在一起,通过调整位置调整机构14的水平位移、垂直位移以及旋转角度等参数,可以使得解锁结构13与电池托架上的解锁件相对准。
本实施例提供的换电设备利用定位机构11和记录模块12等实现准确定位,进而提高了换电效率。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式,但是本领域的技术人员应当理解,这仅是举例说明,本发明的保护范围是由所附权利要求书限定的。本领域的技术人员在不背离本发明的原理和实质的前提下,可以对这些实施方式做出多种变更或修改,但这些变更和修改均落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种换电设备的换电控制方法,所述换电设备用于对电动汽车进行电池包更换,其特征在于,
    所述换电控制方法包括:
    对所述换电设备进行定位,以使所述换电设备移动至匹配的换电位置;
    获取并记录与所述换电位置相对应的定位数据。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的换电设备的换电控制方法,其特征在于,所述换电控制方法还包括:
    控制所述换电设备对锁止在电池托架上的电池包进行解锁;
    控制所述换电设备取出被解锁的电池包。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的换电设备的换电控制方法,其特征在于,所述控制所述换电设备取出被解锁的电池包的步骤之后还包括:
    当所述换电设备拿取新的电池包后,控制所述换电设备根据已记录的所述定位数据移动至所述换电位置;
    控制所述换电设备将所述新的电池包安装到所述电动汽车上。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的换电设备的换电控制方法,其特征在于,
    所述对所述换电设备进行定位,以使所述换电设备移动至匹配的换电位置的步骤包括:
    采集对电池托架的第一位置和第二位置进行图像采集以获取到的第一图像和第二图像;
    对所述第一图像和所述第二图像进行图像处理以获取位置调整量;
    根据所述位置调整量控制所述换电设备移动至匹配的所述换电位置,以使解锁机构与所述电池托架上的解锁件相对准。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的换电设备的换电控制方法,其特征在于,所述对所述第一图像和所述第二图像进行图像处理以获取位置调整量的步骤包括:
    根据所述第一图像和所述第一位置对应的第一参考图像,以及第二图像和所述第二位置对应的第二参考图像获取水平位移量;
    和/或,
    根据所述第一图像和所述第一参考图像获取第一垂直位移量,以及根据所述第二图像和所述第二参考图像获取第二垂直位移量;
    和/或
    根据所述第一位置在所述第一图像中的景深值,以及所述第二位置在所述第二图像中的景深值获取旋转角度量。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的换电设备的换电控制方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述位置调整量控制所述换电设备移动至匹配的所述换电位置,以使解锁机构与所述电池托架上的解锁件相对准的步骤包括:
    根据所述水平位移量、所述第一垂直位移量、所述第二垂直位移量、所述旋转角度量中的至少一种调整所述解锁机构的位置直至所述解锁机构与所述电池托架上的解锁件完成定位。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的换电设备的换电控制方法,其特征在于,
    所述采集对电池托架的第一位置和第二位置进行图像采集以获取到的第一图像和第二图像的步骤之前还包括:根据预设位置参数控制所述换电设备移动至粗定位位置;
    和/或,
    所述根据所述位置调整量控制所述换电设备移动至匹配的所述换电位置,以使解锁机构与所述电池托架上的解锁件相对准的步骤之后还包括:伸出所述解锁机构直至与所述解锁件配合到位并进行解锁。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的换电设备的换电控制方法,其特征在于,当所述换电设备拿取新的电池包后,控制所述换电设备根据已记录的所述定位数据移动至所述换电位置的步骤之后还包括:
    采集对电池托架的第一位置和第二位置进行图像采集以获取到的第三图像和第四图像;
    根据所述第三图像和所述第一参考图像获取第三垂直位移量,以及根据所述第四图像和所述第二参考图像获取第四垂直位移量;
    根据所述第三垂直位移量和所述第四垂直位移量调整所述换电设备,以使解锁机构与所述电池托架上的解锁件相对准。
  9. 一种换电设备,其特征在于,所述换电设备包括定位机构及记录模块,所述定位机构用于对所述换电设备进行定位,以使所述换电设备移动至匹配的换电位置;所述记录模块用于获取并记录与所述换电位置相对应的定位数据。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的换电设备,其特征在于,所述换电设备还包含解 锁机构和位置调整机构;
    所述位置调整机构用于根据所述定位机构获取的水平位移量、垂直位移量和旋转角度量中的至少一个调整所述解锁机构的位置直至所述解锁机构与电池托架上的解锁件完成定位;
    所述解锁机构用于对锁止在所述电池托架上的电池包进行解锁。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的换电设备,其特征在于,所述定位机构包括视觉传感器以及位置获取模块;
    所述视觉传感器用于对电池托架的第一位置和第二位置进行图像采集,以获取第一图像和第二图像;
    所述位置获取模块用于对所述第一图像以及第二图像进行图像处理以获取所述水平位移量、所述垂直位移量和所述旋转角度量中的至少一个。
  12. 如权利要求9所述的换电设备,其特征在于,所述换电设备还包含控制模块;
    当所述换电设备拿取新的电池包后,所述控制模块用于控制所述换电设备根据已记录的所述定位数据移动至所述换电位置;
    所述控制模块还用于控制所述换电设备将所述新的电池包安装到电动汽车上。
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