WO2021227473A1 - 乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座 - Google Patents
乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021227473A1 WO2021227473A1 PCT/CN2020/134760 CN2020134760W WO2021227473A1 WO 2021227473 A1 WO2021227473 A1 WO 2021227473A1 CN 2020134760 W CN2020134760 W CN 2020134760W WO 2021227473 A1 WO2021227473 A1 WO 2021227473A1
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- transfer container
- spent fuel
- protective base
- dry storage
- bottom plate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
- G21F5/06—Details of, or accessories to, the containers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
- G21F5/005—Containers for solid radioactive wastes, e.g. for ultimate disposal
- G21F5/008—Containers for fuel elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- the invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear power. More specifically, the invention relates to a protective base for a dry storage and transfer container for spent fuel.
- the spent fuel assembly is first loaded into the spent fuel storage tank located in the transfer container. After the fuel loading operation is completed, it can be transported to the spent fuel storage plant through the transfer equipment. After the alignment operation of the transfer container and the horizontal storage module is completed Push the spent fuel storage tank into the horizontal storage module to realize long-term storage of spent fuel components away from the reactor.
- a key operation in the entire process of dry spent fuel storage is to hoist the transfer container with the built-in spent fuel storage tank into the tank to load spent fuel components, and then lift the transfer container out of the tank to perform decontamination.
- one issue that needs to be focused on is the radioactive contamination and removal of the outer surface of the transport container.
- the side of the spent fuel transfer container is coated, so the removal of radioactive contamination is relatively simple.
- the bottom of the transfer container is a bearing surface, a protective coating cannot be applied, which makes it difficult to remove radioactive contamination.
- part of the hard particles at the bottom of the tank will be pressed into the bottom material of the transfer container, causing the radioactive contamination on the bottom of the transfer container to not be completely removed.
- the spent fuel transfer container is a device that is reused many times, and the bottom contamination cannot be completely removed, which will significantly increase the radiation dose of the operator.
- the equipment manufacturer of the spent fuel dry storage project provided a black rubber mat with a diameter of 2m for the protection of the spent fuel transfer container at the bottom of the tank. Before the transfer container enters the tank, it must be drilled around the black rubber mat and fixed to the bottom of the transfer container by a rope hanging on the lower trunnion. After the transfer container is lifted out of the tank, it will be dismantled and the relevant equipment will be cleaned for radiation protection.
- the material of the black rubber pad is relatively soft, and it is easy to cause items such as strapped and fixed ropes to rub back and forth on the surface of the spent fuel transfer container during the hoisting process, and there is a risk of damaging the surface coating;
- the black rubber mat is not equipped with drainage holes and other measures, resulting in a lot of radioactive boron water during the hoisting process of the spent fuel transfer container, which may cause the spread of radioactive materials;
- the black rubber mat As the bottom protection measure of spent fuel transfer container, the black rubber mat has the disadvantage that it is difficult to install, and there is also the potential risk of falling off during the hoisting process;
- the black rubber mat is a one-time protective measure for the bottom of the spent fuel transfer container and cannot be reused, resulting in the generation of more radioactive waste.
- the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a protective base for a dry storage and transfer container for spent fuel that is easy to install and reusable, which can effectively reduce damage to the outer coating of the transfer container and significantly improve The protective effect of the bottom of the transfer container.
- the present invention provides a protective base for a dry storage and transfer container for spent fuel, which includes:
- the bottom plate has a drainage hole in the center of the bottom plate
- the enclosure is arranged around the bottom plate, and the enclosure and the bottom plate jointly form a containing cavity for accommodating the transfer container.
- two locking seats are symmetrically provided on the bottom plate, and the two locking seats can be respectively provided with locking rings. With the cooperation of the locking ring, the protective base is fixed on the lower trunnion of the transfer container.
- two bolt holes are symmetrically arranged on the locking seat for the locking ring to pass through.
- the two locking bases are arranged offset from the center line of the bottom plate.
- the enclosure is provided with counterweights for balancing when the protective base is installed on the bottom of the transfer container.
- the guide positioning block is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material.
- the enclosure plate is welded to the bottom plate, and a gap is left between the outer edge of the enclosure plate and the outer edge of the bottom plate.
- the enclosure plate and the bottom plate are both made of stainless steel.
- the protective base of the spent fuel dry storage and transfer container of the present invention has the following advantages:
- the protective base is easy to install, securely locked, and has a low risk of falling off and damage, which is beneficial to the protection of foreign objects in the pool;
- the protective base takes into account the guiding and positioning function, which reduces the risk of damage to the outer surface of the transfer container;
- the protective base is made of stainless steel, which makes it difficult to bring out the radioactive hard particles at the bottom of the tank, which simplifies the work of removing radioactive contamination;
- the reuse rate of the protective base is high, which reduces the radioactive waste during the transportation of spent fuel, thereby reducing the economic cost to a greater extent.
- Figure 1 is a top view of the protective base of the dry storage and transfer container for spent fuel according to the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a bottom view of the protective base of the dry storage and transfer container for spent fuel according to the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a side view of the protective base of the dry storage and transfer container for spent fuel according to the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the guide and positioning block in the protective base of the dry storage and transfer container for spent fuel according to the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the locking seat in the protective base of the dry storage and transfer container for spent fuel according to the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of the locking ring in the protective base of the dry storage and transfer container for spent fuel according to the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the locking seat and the locking ring in the protective base of the dry storage and transfer container of spent fuel according to the present invention.
- the present invention provides a protective base for a dry storage and transfer container for spent fuel, which includes:
- the bottom plate 10 is provided with a drainage hole 100 in the center of the bottom plate 10, and the drainage hole 100 is used to facilitate the discharge of boron-containing water when the transport container is lifted from the tank;
- the enclosure 20 is arranged around the bottom plate 10, and the enclosure 20 and the bottom plate 10 together form a receiving cavity for accommodating the transfer container, and the size of the receiving cavity matches the outer diameter of the transfer container.
- the bottom plate 10 and the enclosure plate 20 are made of stainless steel, the enclosure plate 20 is welded to the base plate 10, and the outer edge of the enclosure plate 20 and the outer edge of the base plate 10 There is a gap between.
- a locking seat 102 is respectively arranged in the 90° and 270° directions of the bottom plate 10, and the two locking seats 102 are arranged symmetrically.
- the two locking seats 102 can be provided with locking rings 104 respectively. With the cooperation of the ring 104, the protective base is fixed on the lower trunnion (not shown) of the transfer container.
- the transfer container In order to match the lower trunnion of the transfer container, it is arranged about 3 inches away from the center line of the 90°-270° direction in the 0° direction.
- two bolt holes (not labeled) are symmetrically arranged on the locking seat 102 for the locking ring 104 to pass through.
- the two locking seats 102 are also arranged off-centerline accordingly. Since the two locking seats 102 are arranged offset from the centerline, a counterweight 106 is designed and arranged in the 0° direction of the protective base for balancing when the protective base is installed on the bottom of the transfer container.
- guiding and positioning blocks 200 are evenly distributed on the inner side of the enclosure plate 20, and the guiding and positioning blocks 200 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the inner side of the enclosure 20 of the protective base is provided with a guide positioning block 200 in four directions of 45°, 135°, 225°, and 315°.
- the main function of the guide positioning block 200 includes two aspects: one is to play a guiding role when the protective base is installed, to prevent the outer wall of the transfer container from directly contacting and rubbing with the enclosure 20 to damage the outer coating; Excessive deviation of the protective base from the center position is not conducive to the installation of the locking ring 104, and excessive shaking of the protective base during the process of hoisting the transfer container may cause collision damage to the equipment.
- four hoisting rings 202 are evenly distributed on the outer side of the enclosure 20 to facilitate hoisting and transportation.
- rubber materials and metal materials are mainly considered: for rubber materials, since the transfer container loaded with spent fuel components weighs 113t, the structural safety is comprehensively measured. After reviewing the maneuverability of the personnel, the rubber material is considered unsuitable. In addition, considering that some radioactive particles at the bottom of the tank are easily squeezed and embedded in it, it is difficult to remove the radioactive contamination on the bottom of the base, which will greatly increase the exposure dose of the staff. Therefore, considering the above situation comprehensively, the selection of rubber material as the material of the protective base of the spent fuel transfer container is excluded.
- the present invention selects stainless steel as the main material of the protective base, that is, the bottom plate 10 and the enclosure plate 20 are made of stainless steel.
- the protective base of the dry storage and transfer container for spent fuel of the present invention has the following advantages:
- the protective base is easy to install, securely locked, and has a low risk of falling off and damage, which is beneficial to the protection of foreign objects in the pool;
- the protective base takes into account the guiding and positioning function, which reduces the risk of damage to the outer surface of the transfer container;
- the protective base is made of stainless steel, which makes it difficult to bring out the radioactive hard particles at the bottom of the tank, which simplifies the work of removing radioactive contamination;
- the reuse rate of the protective base is high, which reduces the radioactive waste during the transportation of spent fuel, thereby reducing the economic cost to a greater extent.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座，其包括：底板，底板中央设有排水孔；以及围板，围绕底板设置，围板与底板共同形成收容转运容器的收容空腔。相对于现有技术，本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座安装简便、锁定牢固、脱落损坏风险低，有利于水池异物防护。底板和围板采用不锈钢，不易带出装罐池底部的放射性硬质颗粒，简化了清除放射性沾污的工作量。
Description
本发明属于核电技术领域，更具体地说，本发明涉及一种乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座。
随着国内核电规模的不断增长，核电厂产生的乏燃料快速增加，随之产生的乏燃料外运、处置与离堆贮存需求也呈现快速增加的趋势。乏燃料干法贮存首先将乏燃料组件装载至位于转运容器中的乏燃料贮罐，完成燃料装载操作后可通过转运设备运输至乏燃料贮存厂房，在完成转运容器和水平贮存模块对中操作后将乏燃料贮罐推入水平贮存模块中，实现乏燃料组件的离堆长期贮存。
乏燃料干法贮存整个流程中的一项关键操作是将内置乏燃料贮罐的转运容器吊入到装罐池中装载乏燃料组件，然后将转运容器吊出装罐池并执行去污工作。在此期间，需要重点关注的一个问题就是转运容器外表面的放射性沾污与去除工作。乏燃料转运容器的侧面涂有涂层，因此放射性沾污去除工作相对简单。但是，由于转运容器的底部是承载面，无法涂防护涂层，导致放射性沾污去除工作比较困难。此外，在乏燃料装载期间，装罐池底部的部分硬质颗粒会被压入到转运容器的底部材质中，导致转运容器底部的放射性沾污无法被完全去除。乏燃料转运容器属于多次重复使用的设备，底部沾污无法完全去除将会显著地增加操作人员的辐射受照剂量。
相关技术中，乏燃料干法贮存项目的设备厂家提供了一块直径2m的黑色橡胶垫，用于乏燃料转运容器位于装罐池期间的底部防护。转运容器进入装罐池前，需在黑色橡胶垫的四周打眼，并通过绳索挂在下部耳轴上的方式将其固定 在转运容器的底部。转运容器吊出装罐池后，再将其拆除并进行相关设备的辐射防护清洁工作。
但是，相关技术采用黑色橡胶垫实现底部防护至少存在以下缺陷：
1)黑色橡胶垫材质较软，吊装过程中容易导致绑扎固定的绳索等物项在乏燃料转运容器表面来回摩擦，存在损伤表面涂层的风险；
2)黑色橡胶垫未设置排水孔等措施，导致乏燃料转运容器吊出的过程中会带出较多的放射性硼水，存在造成放射性物质扩散的可能性；
3)乏燃料转运容器非常沉重(设计载荷113t)，压在橡胶垫上容易在孔洞边缘等位置形成碎屑，最终落入硼水中会形成异物，对燃料组件贮存和机组运行产生不利影响；
4)黑色橡胶垫作为乏燃料转运容器的底部防护措施还存在安装较为困难的不足，在吊装过程中也存在脱落的潜在风险；
5)黑色橡胶垫作为乏燃料转运容器的底部防护措施为一次性的，不能重复使用，导致产生较多放射性废物。
有鉴于此，确有必要提供一种安装简便、可重复使用的乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座。
发明内容
本发明的发明目的在于：克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种安装简便、可重复使用的乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座，其可以有效减少对转运容器外部涂层的损伤，显著提升转运容器底部防护效果。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明提供了一种乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座，其包括：
底板，底板中央设有排水孔；以及
围板，围绕底板设置，围板与底板共同形成收容转运容器的收容空腔。
作为本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座的一种改进，所述底板上 对称设有两个锁紧座，两个锁紧座上可分别设有锁紧环，通过锁紧座和锁紧环的配合，防护底座固定在转运容器的下部耳轴上。
作为本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座的一种改进，所述锁紧座上对称布置了两个螺栓孔，供所述锁紧环穿过。
作为本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座的一种改进，所述两个锁紧座偏离底板的中心线设置。
作为本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座的一种改进，所述围板上设有配重块，用于防护底座安装到转运容器底部时起平衡作用。
作为本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座的一种改进，所述围板内侧均匀分布有四个导向定位块。
作为本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座的一种改进，所述导向定位块由聚四氟乙烯材料制成。
作为本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座的一种改进，所述围板外侧均匀分布有四个吊装环。
作为本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座的一种改进，所述围板焊接于所述底板上，且所述围板外侧和所述底板的外缘之间留有间隙。
作为本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座的一种改进，所述围板和所述底板均由不锈钢材料制成。
相对于现有技术，本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座具有以下优点：
1)防护底座安装简便、锁定牢固、脱落损坏风险低，有利于水池异物防护；
2)防护底座考虑了导向定位功能，降低了转运容器外表面的损伤风险；
3)防护底座采用不锈钢材质，不易带出装罐池底部的放射性硬质颗粒，简化了清除放射性沾污的工作量；
4)防护底座的重复使用率高，减少了乏燃料外运过程中的放射性废物，从而在较大程度上降低了经济成本。
下面结合附图和具体实施方式，对本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座进行详细描述，其中：
图1为本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座的俯视图。
图2为本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座的仰视图。
图3为本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座的侧视图。
图4为本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座中，导向定位块的示意图。
图5为本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座中，锁紧座的结构示意图。
图6为本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座中，锁紧环的结构示意图。
图7为本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座中，锁紧座和锁紧环的装配示意图。
为了使本发明的发明目的、技术方案及其技术效果更加清晰，以下结合附图和具体实施方式，对本发明作进一步详细说明。应当理解的是，本说明书中描述的具体实施方式仅仅是为了解释本发明，并非为了限定本发明。
请参照图1和图2所示，本发明提供了一种乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座，其包括：
底板10，底板10的中央设有排水孔100，排水孔100用于转运容器吊离装罐池过程中方便排出含硼水；以及
围板20，围绕底板10设置，围板20与底板10共同形成收容转运容器的收容 空腔，收容空腔的尺寸与转运容器的外径相匹配。
请参照图1至图7所示，根据本发明的一个实施方式，底板10和围板20均为不锈钢材质，围板20焊接于底板10上，且围板20外侧和底板10的外缘之间留有间隙。底板10的90°与270°方向各布置一个锁紧座102，两个锁紧座102对称设置，两个锁紧座102上可分别设有锁紧环104，通过锁紧座102和锁紧环104的配合，防护底座固定在转运容器的下部耳轴(未图示)上。为匹配转运容器的下部耳轴，向0°方向偏离90°-270°方向中心线约3英寸布置。在图示实施方式中，锁紧座102上对称布置了两个螺栓孔(未标注)，供锁紧环104穿过。
请参照图1所示，考虑到转运容器的下部耳轴是偏离中心线布置的，两个锁紧座102也是相应偏离中心线布置。由于两个锁紧座102偏离中心线布置，因此，在防护底座的0°方向上设计布置了一个配重块106，用于防护底座安装到转运容器底部时起平衡作用。
请参照图1和图4所示，围板20的内侧均匀分布有四个导向定位块200，导向定位块200由聚四氟乙烯材料制成。在图示实施方式中，防护底座的围板20内侧在45°、135°、225°与315°四个方向上各设置一个导向定位块200。导向定位块200的主要作用包括两方面：一是安装防护底座时起导向作用，避免转运容器外壁直接与围板20接触摩擦而损伤外表涂层；二是防护底座安装到位后起定位作用，避免防护底座偏离中心位置过多不利于锁紧环104安装，以及吊装转运容器过程中防护底座会晃动过大导致碰撞损伤设备。
请参照图1和图3所示，根据本发明的一个实施方式，围板20外侧均匀分布有四个吊装环202，以方便吊装和运输。
需要说明的是，对于乏燃料转运容器的防护底座的材料选择，主要考虑了橡胶材料和金属材料：对于橡胶材料，由于装载了乏燃料组件的转运容器重达113t，在综合衡量了结构安全性和人员可操作性后，认为橡胶材料不适宜。此外，考虑到装罐池底的一些放射性颗粒容易受挤压并嵌入到其中，导致底座底部的放射性沾污很难去除干净，使得工作人员的受照剂量将大幅增加。因此，综合 考虑上述情况，排除了选择橡胶材料作为乏燃料转运容器的防护底座的材料。
对于金属材料，主要考虑铝质材质和不锈钢材质。对于乏燃料转运容器挤压下的结构安全性，一定厚度的铝板和不锈钢板都可以满足。对于人员可操作性方面，铝由于较不锈钢更加轻便，因而人员操作性方面效果更佳。但是，在考虑底座底部的放射性沾污与去除方面的要求时，铝存在与橡胶材料同样的问题，而不锈钢则基本不存在该问题。因此，综合考虑上述情况，本发明选择不锈钢作为防护底座的主体材料，即底板10和围板20均由不锈钢材料制成。
请参照图5至图7所示，使用时，首先将防护底座吊运至清洗池底部放置，然后吊运乏燃料转运容器至防护底座上方，对中后将转运容器正确落座到防护底座上。安装两侧的锁紧环104并使用螺母锁定。
结合以上对本发明具体实施方式的详细描述可以看出，相对于现有技术，本发明乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座具有以下优点：
1)防护底座安装简便、锁定牢固、脱落损坏风险低，有利于水池异物防护；
2)防护底座考虑了导向定位功能，降低了转运容器外表面的损伤风险；
3)防护底座采用不锈钢材质，不易带出装罐池底部的放射性硬质颗粒，简化了清除放射性沾污的工作量；
4)防护底座的重复使用率高，减少了乏燃料外运过程中的放射性废物，从而在较大程度上降低了经济成本。
根据上述说明书的揭示和教导，本发明所属领域的技术人员还可以对上述实施方式进行适当的变更和修改。因此，本发明并不局限于上面揭示和描述的具体实施方式，对本发明的一些修改和变更也应当落入本发明的权利要求的保护范围内。此外，尽管本说明书中使用了一些特定的术语，但这些术语只是为了方便说明，并不对本发明构成任何限制。
Claims (10)
- 一种乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座，其特征在于，包括：底板，底板中央设有排水孔；以及围板，围绕底板设置，围板与底板共同形成收容转运容器的收容空腔。
- 根据权利要求1所述的乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座，其特征在于，所述底板上对称设有两个锁紧座，两个锁紧座上可分别设有锁紧环，通过锁紧座和锁紧环的配合，防护底座固定在转运容器的下部耳轴上。
- 根据权利要求2所述的乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座，其特征在于，所述锁紧座上对称布置了两个螺栓孔，供所述锁紧环穿过。
- 根据权利要求2所述的乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座，其特征在于，所述两个锁紧座偏离底板的中心线设置。
- 根据权利要求4所述的乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座，其特征在于，所述围板上设有配重块，用于防护底座安装到转运容器底部时起平衡作用。
- 根据权利要求1所述的乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座，其特征在于，所述围板内侧均匀分布有四个导向定位块。
- 根据权利要求6所述的乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座，其特征在于，所述导向定位块由聚四氟乙烯材料制成。
- 根据权利要求1所述的乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座，其特征在于，所述围板外侧均匀分布有四个吊装环。
- 根据权利要求1所述的乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座，其特征在于，所述围板焊接于所述底板上，且所述围板外侧和所述底板的外缘之间留有间隙。
- 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的乏燃料干法贮存转运容器的防护底座，其特征在于，所述围板和所述底板均由不锈钢材料制成。
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