WO2021223562A1 - 光学镜头、镜头模组和终端 - Google Patents

光学镜头、镜头模组和终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021223562A1
WO2021223562A1 PCT/CN2021/085857 CN2021085857W WO2021223562A1 WO 2021223562 A1 WO2021223562 A1 WO 2021223562A1 CN 2021085857 W CN2021085857 W CN 2021085857W WO 2021223562 A1 WO2021223562 A1 WO 2021223562A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
component
optical
optical lens
object side
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PCT/CN2021/085857
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
江依达
李战涛
封荣凯
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to JP2022567295A priority Critical patent/JP2023524778A/ja
Priority to EP21799747.7A priority patent/EP4137859A4/en
Priority to KR1020227042453A priority patent/KR20230003582A/ko
Publication of WO2021223562A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021223562A1/zh
Priority to US17/980,787 priority patent/US20230074379A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B9/00—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or -
    • G02B9/62—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having six components only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
    • G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
    • G02B13/004—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having four lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
    • G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
    • G02B13/0045—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having five or more lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/02—Telephoto objectives, i.e. systems of the type + - in which the distance from the front vertex to the image plane is less than the equivalent focal length
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0087—Simple or compound lenses with index gradient
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B9/00—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or -
    • G02B9/34—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having four components only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B9/00—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or -
    • G02B9/60—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having five components only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/04—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification
    • G02B7/08—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification adapted to co-operate with a remote control mechanism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/54—Mounting of pick-up tubes, electronic image sensors, deviation or focusing coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/67—Focus control based on electronic image sensor signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/68—Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
    • H04N23/682—Vibration or motion blur correction
    • H04N23/685—Vibration or motion blur correction performed by mechanical compensation
    • H04N23/687—Vibration or motion blur correction performed by mechanical compensation by shifting the lens or sensor position

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of lenses, in particular to an optical lens, a lens module, and a terminal.
  • terminals are generally equipped with different optical lenses to realize the use in different scenes.
  • some terminals are equipped with a telephoto lens to achieve telephoto shooting.
  • the number of lenses in an optical lens increases and the thickness of the lenses also increases, thereby increasing the thickness of the optical lens.
  • the thickness of the optical lens is often the main factor that restricts the development of thinner terminals. Therefore, how to reduce the thickness of the optical lens while achieving the telephoto effect of the optical lens has become a hot research issue.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an optical lens, a lens module including the optical lens, and a terminal including the lens module, which aim to achieve a good imaging effect while obtaining a lens with a telephoto effect.
  • an optical lens in the first aspect, includes a plurality of components including a first component, a second component, a third component, and a fourth component arranged from the object side to the image side, each of the components
  • the element includes at least one lens, the first component has a positive refractive power, and the second component has a negative refractive power.
  • Each lens includes an object side facing the object side and an image side facing the image side, The optical lens satisfies the following relationship:
  • BFL is the back focal length of the optical lens, that is, the distance from the lens closest to the image side of the optical lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens
  • TTL is the total optical length of the optical lens, that is, from the optical lens closest to the object side The total length from the object side of the lens to the imaging surface.
  • the lens is used as the boundary, the side where the object is located is the object side, and the surface of the lens facing the object side can be called the object side;
  • the side where the resulting image is located is the image side, and the surface of the lens facing the image side can be called the image side.
  • the optical lens when the Back Focal Length (BFL) and Total Track Length (TTL) of the optical lens satisfy the above relational expressions, the optical lens can have a longer back focal length (BFL).
  • the thickness of an optical lens is affected by the on-axis thickness of multiple lenses in the optical lens (TTL1).
  • TTL1 Total Track Length
  • the on-axis thickness of the multiple lenses refers to the on-axis distance from the object side of the lens closest to the object side to the image side of the lens closest to the image side of the multiple lenses.
  • the on-axis thickness of multiple lenses is the difference between the total optical length of the optical lens and the back focus length of the optical lens.
  • the on-axis thickness (TTL1) of multiple lenses in the optical lens is small, so that the optical lens can have a small thickness. Since the thickness of the optical lens is the main factor that restricts the development of the thinning of the terminal, in this application, the thickness of the optical lens is made smaller, so that the terminal including the optical lens can also have a relatively thin thickness, so as to realize the terminal including the optical lens The thinning.
  • the first lens of the first component has a positive refractive power
  • the object side of the first lens of the first component is convex on the paraxial axis
  • the first lens of the first component The image side surface of the lens is convex or concave in the paraxial, and the optical lens satisfies the following relationship:
  • the first lens of the first component is the lens closest to the object side of the optical lens in the first component
  • f S1 is the first lens of the first component Focal length
  • f is the total focal length of the optical lens.
  • the range of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the first component to the focal length of the optical lens is specified, which represents the light-gathering ability of the first lens of the first component, so that the optical lens can have sufficient input The amount of light, so as to obtain a good photo effect.
  • the ratio of the focal length of the first lens element of the first component to the focal length of the optical lens satisfies the above relational expression, it can help correct the chromatic aberration of the optical lens, so that the optical lens can obtain better imaging.
  • the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the first component to the focal length of the optical lens specified according to the above relational expression can facilitate the cooperation of the first lens of the first component with other lenses to obtain the required optical lens , So that the optical lens has a long back focus effect and thin thickness.
  • the first lens of the first component satisfies the following relationship:
  • R S11 is the radius of curvature of the object side of the first lens of the first component
  • R S12 is the radius of curvature of the image side of the first lens of the first component
  • d S1 is the radius of curvature of the first lens of the first component.
  • ⁇ d is the sum of the axial thickness of each lens of the plurality of elements.
  • the ratio of the curvature radius of the first lens element side and the image side surface of the first lens element indicates the degree of unevenness of the image side surface and the object side surface of the first lens element of the first element, so that the first lens element
  • the focal length of the first lens of the component and the focal length of the optical lens satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression.
  • the thickness of the first lens element of the first element element can be reduced as much as possible, thereby reducing the optical lens thickness.
  • the above relational expression stipulates that by controlling the ratio of the on-axis thickness of the first lens of the first component to the sum of the on-axis thickness of each lens, the shape of the lens can be restricted and a reasonable lens thickness can be ensured. Moreover, by making the thickness of the first lens of the first component meet the above-mentioned relational expression, the focal length of the first lens of the first component and the focal length of the optical lens can satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression.
  • the first lens of the second component has a negative refractive power
  • the object side of the first lens of the second component is convex on the paraxial axis
  • the first lens of the second component The image side surface of the lens is concave on the paraxial, and the optical lens satisfies the following relationship:
  • the first lens of the second component is the lens closest to the object side of the optical lens in the second component
  • f S2 is the first lens of the second component Focal length
  • f is the total focal length of the optical lens.
  • the above relational expression specifies the range of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the second component to the focal length of the optical lens. So that the optical lens can get better imaging. Moreover, in this embodiment, the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the second component to the focal length of the optical lens specified according to the above relational expression can facilitate the cooperation of the first lens of the second component with other lenses to obtain the desired Optical lens, so that the optical lens has a long back focus effect and thin thickness.
  • the optical lens satisfies the following relationship:
  • R S21 is the radius of curvature of the object side of the first lens of the second component
  • R S22 is the radius of curvature of the image side of the first lens of the second component
  • d S2 is the radius of curvature of the first lens of the second component.
  • the on-axis thickness of the first lens of two components, ⁇ d is the sum of the on-axis thickness of each lens in the plurality of components.
  • the ratio of the curvature radius of the object side surface and the image side surface of the first lens of the second component indicates the degree of unevenness of the image side surface and the object side surface of the first lens of the second component, so that the second component
  • the focal length of the first lens of the component and the focal length of the optical lens satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression.
  • the thickness of the first lens of the second component can be reduced as much as possible, thereby reducing the optical lens thickness.
  • the above relational expression stipulates that by controlling the ratio of the on-axis thickness of the first lens of the second component to the sum of the on-axis thickness of each lens, the shape of the lens can be restricted and a reasonable lens thickness can be ensured. Furthermore, by making the thickness of the first lens of the second component satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression, the focal length of the first lens of the second component and the focal length of the optical lens can satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression.
  • the first lens of the third component has a positive or negative refractive power
  • the object side of the first lens of the third component is convex or concave on the paraxial axis
  • the first lens of the third component has a convex or concave surface.
  • the image side of the first three-component lens is convex on the paraxial axis.
  • the first lens of the third component is the lens closest to the object side of the optical lens in the third component
  • f S3 is the first lens of the third component Focal length
  • f is the total focal length of the optical lens.
  • the above relational expression stipulates the range of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the third component to the focal length of the optical lens, which represents the light-gathering ability of the first lens of the third component, which is conducive to spreading light to a larger image surface. This enables the optical lens to capture a larger image surface, thereby improving the image quality.
  • the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the third component to the focal length of the optical lens specified according to the above relational expression can facilitate the cooperation of the first lens of the third component with other lenses to obtain the required optical lens , So that the optical lens has a long back focus effect and thin thickness.
  • the optical lens satisfies the following relationship:
  • R S31 is the curvature radius of the object side surface of the first lens of the third component
  • R S32 is the curvature radius of the image side surface of the first lens of the third component
  • d S3 is the first lens.
  • the on-axis thickness of the first lens of the three components, ⁇ d is the sum of the on-axis thickness of each lens in the plurality of components.
  • the ratio of the radius of curvature of the object side surface and the image side surface of the first lens of the third component specified above indicates the degree of unevenness of the image side surface and the object side surface of the first lens of the third component, so that the third component
  • the focal length of the first lens of the component and the focal length of the optical lens satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression.
  • the thickness of the first lens of the third component can be reduced as much as possible, thereby reducing the optical lens thickness.
  • the above relationship stipulates that by controlling the ratio of the on-axis thickness of the first lens of the third component to the sum of the on-axis thickness of each lens, the shape of the first lens of the third component can be restricted to ensure reasonable Lens thickness. Moreover, by making the thickness of the first lens of the third component meet the above-mentioned relational expression, the focal length of the first lens of the third component and the focal length of the optical lens can satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression.
  • the first lens of the fourth component has positive or negative refractive power
  • the object side of the first lens of the fourth component is convex or concave on the paraxial side
  • the fourth component The image side of the first lens is convex or concave on the paraxial surface, and the optical lens satisfies the following relationship:
  • the first lens of the fourth component is the lens closest to the object side of the optical lens in the fourth component
  • f S4 is the first lens of the fourth component Focal length
  • f is the total focal length of the optical lens.
  • the above relational expression stipulates the range of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the fourth component to the focal length of the optical lens, which represents the light-gathering ability of the first lens of the fourth component, which is beneficial to correct the curvature of field and astigmatism of the optical system. , So that the optical lens can get better imaging. Moreover, in this embodiment, the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the fourth component to the focal length of the optical lens specified by the above relational expression can facilitate the cooperation of the first lens of the fourth component with other lenses to obtain the desired Optical lens, so that the optical lens has a long back focus effect and thin thickness.
  • the first lens of the fourth component satisfies the following relationship:
  • R S41 is the radius of curvature of the object side of the first lens of the fourth component
  • R S42 is the radius of curvature of the image side of the first lens of the fourth component
  • d S4 is the radius of curvature of the first lens of the fourth component.
  • the on-axis thickness of the first lens of the four components, ⁇ d is the sum of the on-axis thickness of each lens in the plurality of components.
  • the ratio of the curvature radius of the first lens of the fourth element to the image side indicates the degree of unevenness of the image side and the object side of the first lens of the fourth element, so that the fourth element
  • the focal length of the first lens of the component and the focal length of the optical lens satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression.
  • the thickness of the first lens of the fourth component can be reduced as much as possible, thereby reducing the optical lens thickness.
  • the above relational expression stipulates that by controlling the ratio of the on-axis thickness of the first lens of the fourth component to the sum of the on-axis thickness of each lens, the shape of the lens can be restricted and a reasonable lens thickness can be ensured.
  • the thickness of the first lens of the fourth component satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression, the focal length of the first lens of the fourth component and the focal length of the optical lens can satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression.
  • the optical lens satisfies the following relationship:
  • v S1 is the Abbe number of the first lens of the first component
  • v S2 is the Abbe number of the first lens of the second component
  • v S3 is the Abbe number of the third component
  • v S4 is the Abbe number of the first lens of the fourth component.
  • the Abbe numbers of lenses of different components are different, resulting in the lenses of each component having different refractive indexes, so that each lens can achieve the required optical effect.
  • the range of the difference between the Abbe numbers of the lenses specified according to the above relational expression enables the lenses to cooperate to obtain the required optical lens, and enables the optical lens to have a better imaging effect.
  • the refractive index n1 of the first lens of the first component satisfies: 1.5 ⁇ n1 ⁇ 1.9.
  • the first lens of the first element is closest to the object side of the optical lens.
  • the above formula stipulates that the refractive index of the first lens has a larger range of options, and it is easier to obtain thinner and better-performing lenses, which can make the optical lens have a better imaging effect, and it is also beneficial to Reduce the on-axis thickness of multiple lenses of the optical lens.
  • the optical lens satisfies the following relationship:
  • TTL1 is the on-axis thickness of multiple lenses of the optical lens
  • MIC is the maximum imaging circle diameter of the optical lens
  • the ratio range of the on-axis thickness of the multiple lenses of the optical lens of the present embodiment to the maximum imaging circle diameter of the optical lens specified according to the above-mentioned relational expression enables the optical lens of the present application to have a larger image height, so as to obtain a higher image height. Good imaging effect.
  • At least one of the lenses is a glass lens.
  • General lenses are mostly plastic lenses or other composite lenses.
  • at least one glass lens is included in the plurality of lenses.
  • the selectable range of the refractive index of glass lenses is larger than that of plastic lenses, which makes it easier to obtain thinner but better-performing lenses, which is beneficial to reduce the axis of multiple lenses of optical lenses.
  • the upper thickness can realize the thinning of the optical lens.
  • the present application provides a lens module, which is characterized by comprising a photosensitive element, a driving part and the above-mentioned optical lens, the photosensitive element is located on the image side of the optical lens, and the driving part is used to drive the The optical lens is close to or far from the photosensitive element.
  • the lens module of the present application includes the optical lens and the photosensitive element, and enables the optical lens to be close to or away from the photosensitive element.
  • the optical lens can be moved away from the photosensitive element, so that the photosensitive element is located on the imaging surface of the optical lens, so that shooting can be performed; when the lens module is not working, the optical lens is moved and the lens in the optical lens is close.
  • the thickness of the lens module can be approximately the sum of the thickness of the optical lens and the thickness of the photosensitive element.
  • the thickness of the lens module is greatly reduced, and it is mainly determined by The thickness of the optical lens.
  • the thickness of the optical lens is mainly determined by the on-axis thickness (TTL1) of the multiple lenses in the optical lens.
  • TTL1 on-axis thickness
  • the optical lens has a larger back focus length, so that the lens module can have a thinner thickness while enabling the lens module to achieve the effect of telephoto shooting.
  • this application provides a terminal.
  • the terminal includes an image processor and the lens module, the image processor is in communication connection with the lens module, and the lens module is used to obtain image data and input the image data to the image processing In the device, the image processor is used to process the image data output therein.
  • the optical lens can be moved when the lens module is not working, and the lens in the optical lens is brought close to the photosensitive element, even if at least part of the multiple lenses is located when the optical lens is working At this time, the thickness of the terminal can be about the thickness of the optical lens plus the photosensitive element. Since the thickness of the optical lens of the present application is small, that is, the thickness of the terminal can be small. In addition, the lens module of the embodiment of the present application can achieve the effect of telephoto shooting, so that the terminal of the present application can be used in a telephoto shooting scene.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a terminal structure.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another terminal structure.
  • Fig. 3a is an exploded schematic diagram of the lens module according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3b is a schematic structural diagram of a lens module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the optical lens of the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of the optical lens according to the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens of the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of the optical lens according to the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an optical lens according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of the optical lens according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of the optical lens according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an optical lens according to a third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of the optical lens according to the third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens according to the third embodiment of the present application.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of the optical lens according to the third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an optical lens according to a fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of the optical lens according to the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens of the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • 19 is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of the optical lens according to the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an optical lens according to a fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of the optical lens of the fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens of the fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of the optical lens according to the fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an optical lens according to a sixth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of the optical lens according to the sixth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens of the sixth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of the optical lens according to the sixth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an optical lens according to a seventh embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of the optical lens of the seventh embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens of the seventh embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of the optical lens according to the seventh embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an optical lens according to an eighth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of the optical lens of the eighth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 34 is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens of the eighth embodiment of the present application.
  • 35 is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of the optical lens of the eighth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 36 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an optical lens according to a ninth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 37 is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of the optical lens of the ninth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 38 is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens of the ninth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 39 is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of the optical lens according to the ninth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 40 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an optical lens according to a tenth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 41 is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of the optical lens according to the tenth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 42 is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens of the tenth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 43 is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of the optical lens according to the tenth embodiment of the present application.
  • Focal length also known as focal length, is a measure of the concentration or divergence of light in an optical system. It refers to the lens or lens group when a scene at infinity is formed into a clear image on the imaging surface through the lens or lens group. The vertical distance from the optical center to the imaging surface. For a fixed focus lens, the position of its optical center is fixed; for a zoom lens, the change of the optical center of the lens brings about a change in the focal length of the lens.
  • Aperture is a device used to control the amount of light passing through the lens and entering the photosensitive surface of the body. It is usually inside the lens. Express the aperture size with F/number.
  • the aperture F value is the relative value (the reciprocal of the relative aperture) derived from the focal length of the lens/diameter of the lens.
  • the smaller the aperture F value the more light will enter in the same unit time.
  • the larger the aperture F value the smaller the depth of field, and the background content of the photo will be blurred, similar to the effect of a telephoto lens.
  • Back focal length (BFL) is the distance from the lens closest to the image side of the optical lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens.
  • Positive refractive power also called positive refractive power, means that the lens has a positive focal length and has the effect of converging light.
  • Negative power also called negative refractive power, means that the lens has a negative focal length and has the effect of diverging light.
  • the total track length refers to the total length from the object side of the lens closest to the object side of the optical lens to the imaging surface, and is the main factor forming the height of the camera.
  • Focal ratio F# the focal length divided by the aperture size, this value can know the amount of light entering the optical system.
  • the Abbe number is the difference ratio of the refractive index of an optical material at different wavelengths, and represents the degree of dispersion of the material.
  • Field of view in optical instruments, the lens of the optical instrument is the vertex, and the angle formed by the two edges of the maximum range where the object image of the measured target can pass through the lens is called the field of view Horn.
  • the size of the field of view determines the field of view of the optical instrument. The larger the field of view, the larger the field of view and the smaller the optical magnification.
  • the optical axis is a line of light that passes through the center of the ideal lens vertically.
  • the ideal convex lens should be a point where all the light rays converge behind the lens. This point where all the light rays converge is the focal point.
  • the object side is bounded by the lens, and the side where the scene to be imaged is located is the object side.
  • the image side is bounded by the lens, and the side where the image of the scene to be imaged is located is the image side.
  • the object side, the surface of the lens close to the object side is called the object side.
  • the image side, the surface of the lens close to the image side is called the image side.
  • the side where the object is located is the object side, and the surface of the lens close to the object side can be called the object side; taking the lens as the boundary, the side where the image of the object is located is the image side, and the lens is close to the image side
  • the surface can be called the image side.
  • Axial chromatic aberration also known as longitudinal chromatic aberration or positional chromatic aberration or axial aberration
  • a beam of light parallel to the optical axis will converge at different positions before and after passing through the lens.
  • This aberration is called positional chromatic aberration or axial chromatic aberration. . This is due to the different imaging positions of the lens for the light of each wavelength, so that the imaging surfaces of the images of different colors of light cannot be overlapped in the final imaging, and the polychromatic light is scattered to form dispersion.
  • Lateral chromatic aberration is also called chromatic aberration of magnification, and the difference in the magnification of different colors of light by the optical system is called chromatic aberration of magnification.
  • the wavelength causes the change of the magnification of the optical system, and the size of the image changes accordingly.
  • Distortion also known as distortion
  • distortion is the degree of distortion of the image formed by the optical system to the object relative to the object itself. Distortion is due to the influence of the spherical aberration of the diaphragm.
  • the height of the intersection point between the chief rays of different fields of view and the Gaussian image plane after passing through the optical system is not equal to the ideal image height, and the difference between the two is distortion. Therefore, the distortion only changes the imaging position of the off-axis object point on the ideal surface, causing distortion of the shape of the image, but does not affect the sharpness of the image.
  • Optical distortion refers to the degree of distortion calculated in optical theory.
  • Diffraction limit refers to the imaging of an ideal object point through an optical system. Due to the limitation of diffraction, it is impossible to obtain an ideal image point, but a Fraunhofer diffraction image. Since the aperture of a general optical system is round, Fraunhofer diffraction image is the so-called Airy disk. In this way, the image of each object point is a diffusive spot, and it is difficult to distinguish between two diffusive spots when they are close, which limits the resolution of the system. The larger the spot, the lower the resolution.
  • the on-axis thickness of multiple lenses refers to the distance between the intersection of the axis of the optical lens and the object side of the first lens to the intersection of the axis of the optical lens and the image side of the last lens.
  • the terminal can be a mobile phone, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a video camera, a video recorder, a camera, or other forms of equipment with a photographing or recording function.
  • the terminal includes at least one optical lens, and the optical lens includes a telephoto lens, so that the terminal can achieve the effect of telephoto shooting.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the back of a terminal 1000 according to an embodiment of this application.
  • the terminal 1000 is a mobile phone.
  • the implementation manner of this application is described by taking the terminal 1000 as a mobile phone as an example.
  • the terminal 1000 includes a lens module 100 and an image processor 200 communicatively connected to the lens module 100.
  • the lens module 100 is used to obtain image data and input the image data into the image processor 200 so that the image processor 200 can compare the image data.
  • the communication connection between the lens module 100 and the image processor 200 may include data transmission through electrical connections such as wiring, or data transmission through coupling or the like. It can be understood that the lens module 100 and the image processor 200 may also be connected to each other in a way that can realize data transmission.
  • the function of the image processor 200 is to optimize the digital image signal through a series of complex mathematical algorithm operations, and finally transmit the processed signal to the display.
  • the image processor 200 can be an image processing chip or a digital signal processing chip (DSP). Its function is to quickly and quickly transfer the data obtained by the photosensitive chip to the central processing unit and refresh the photosensitive chip. Therefore, the quality of the DSP chip directly affects Picture quality (such as color saturation, sharpness, etc.).
  • the lens module 100 is provided on the back of the terminal 1000 and is a rear lens of the terminal 1000. It is understandable that, in some embodiments, the lens module 100 may also be provided on the front of the terminal 1000 as a front lens of the terminal 1000. Both the front lens and the rear lens can be used for self-portraits, and can also be used for the photographer to shoot other objects.
  • the multiple lens modules 100 there are multiple lens modules 100, and multiple refers to two or more than two. Different lens modules can have different functions, so that they can be satisfied in different shooting scenarios.
  • the multiple lens modules include a telephoto lens module or a wide-angle lens module to realize the functions of telephoto shooting and wide-angle shooting, respectively.
  • the two lens modules 100 are a normal lens module and a telephoto lens module.
  • the ordinary lens module can be used in daily ordinary shooting
  • the telephoto lens module can be used in scenes that require telephoto shooting.
  • a plurality of different lens modules 100 may all be in communication connection with the image processor 200, so as to realize the processing of the image data captured by each lens module 100 through the image processor 200.
  • the installation position of the lens module 100 of the terminal 1000 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is only illustrative.
  • the lens module 100 may also be installed in other positions on the mobile phone, such as a lens.
  • the module 100 can be installed in the upper middle or upper right corner of the back of the mobile phone.
  • the lens module 100 may not be arranged on the main body of the mobile phone, but on a part that is movable or rotatable relative to the mobile phone. For example, the part may extend, retract or rotate from the main body of the mobile phone.
  • the installation position of 100 is not restricted in any way.
  • the terminal 1000 further includes an analog-to-digital converter (also referred to as an A/D converter) 300.
  • the analog-to-digital converter 300 is connected between the lens module 100 and the image processor 200.
  • the analog-to-digital converter 300 is used to convert the signal generated by the lens module 100 into a digital image signal and transmit it to the image processor 200, and then process the digital image signal through the image processor 200, and finally perform image or Image display.
  • the terminal 1000 further includes a memory 400, which is in communication connection with the image processor 200, and the image processor 200 processes the image digital signal before transmitting the image to the memory 400, so that when the image needs to be viewed later It is possible to find images from the storage and display them on the display screen at any time.
  • the image processor 200 also compresses the processed image digital signal, and then stores it in the memory 400 to save the space of the memory 400.
  • FIG. 2 is only a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application, and the positions and structures of the lens module 100, the image processor 200, the analog-to-digital converter 300, and the memory 400 shown therein are only illustrative.
  • the lens module 100 includes an optical lens 10 and a photosensitive element 20.
  • the photosensitive element 20 is located on the image side of the optical lens 10, and when the lens module 100 is working, a scene to be imaged passes through the optical lens 10 and then forms an image on the photosensitive element 20.
  • the working principle of the lens module 100 is: the light L reflected by the subject is projected to the surface of the photosensitive element 20 through the optical lens 10 to generate an optical image, and the photosensitive element 20 converts the optical image into an electrical signal, that is, an analog image signal S1 and The analog image signal S1 obtained by the rotation is transmitted to the analog-to-digital converter 300 to be converted into a digital image signal S2 by the analog-to-digital converter 300 to the image processor 200.
  • the photosensitive element 20 is a semiconductor chip with hundreds of thousands to millions of photodiodes on its surface. When irradiated by light, charges are generated, which are converted into digital signals by the analog-to-digital converter 300 chip.
  • the photosensitive element 20 may be a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide conductor device (CMOS).
  • CMOS complementary metal-oxide conductor device
  • the photosensitive element 20CCD of the charge coupling device is made of a high-sensitivity semiconductor material, which can convert light into electric charge, which is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter 300 chip.
  • CCD is composed of many photosensitive units, usually in megapixels.
  • CMOS Complementary metal oxide semiconductor
  • N negatively charged
  • P positively charged
  • the optical lens 10 affects the imaging quality and the imaging effect. It mainly uses the refraction principle of the lens for imaging, that is, the light of the scene passes through the optical lens 10 to form a clear image on the imaging surface, and the image of the scene is recorded by the photosensitive element 20 on the imaging surface. image.
  • the imaging plane refers to the plane on which the scene is imaged after being imaged by the optical lens 10.
  • the optical lens 10 includes a plurality of components arranged from the object side to the image side, each component includes at least one lens, and an image with a better imaging effect is formed through the cooperation of the lenses in each component.
  • the object side refers to the side where the subject is located
  • the image side refers to the side where the imaging plane is located.
  • the optical lens 10 may be a fixed focal length lens or a zoom lens.
  • the fixed focal length lens means that the positions of the lenses in each component are relatively fixed, so as to ensure that the focal length of the optical lens 10 is fixed.
  • the zoom lens means that the lenses in each component or the lenses between the components can move relatively, and the focal length of the optical lens 10 can be changed by moving the relative positions of different lenses.
  • the optical lens 10 can move axially relative to the photosensitive element 20 so that the optical lens 10 is close to or away from the photosensitive element 20.
  • the optical lens 10 can move the optical lens 10 in the direction of the photosensitive element 20 so that the lens is close to the imaging surface; when the optical lens 10 is working, The optical lens 10 is moved in a direction away from the photosensitive element 20 until the photosensitive element 20 is located on the imaging surface of the optical lens 10 for shooting.
  • the optical lens 10 of the telephoto lens module can move relative to the photosensitive element 20.
  • the thickness of the terminal 100 containing the optical lens 10 is basically the same as the thickness of the optical lens 10, compared with general The thickness of the terminal is determined by the thickness of the optical lens 10 and the sum of the back focus length of the optical lens 10 during operation.
  • the thickness of the terminal 100 in the embodiment of the present application can be thinner to realize the thinning of the terminal 100.
  • the optical lens does not need to be equipped with a refractive prism or a mirror for changing the optical path, thereby reducing the difficulty of the production process and simplifying the lens model.
  • the structure of the group 100 saves costs and can reduce the space occupied by the lens module.
  • the direction of the optical path of the lens module 100 is the thickness direction of the terminal 1000, that is, the direction of the optical axis of the lens of the lens module 100 is the thickness direction of the terminal 1000.
  • the lens module 100 since the optical path direction of the lens module 100 is the thickness direction of the terminal 100, the plane of the photosensitive element 20 in the lens module 100 is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the terminal 100, which is relative to the thickness direction of the photosensitive element 20.
  • the plane direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the terminal, so that the size of the photosensitive element 20 is smaller because the size of the photosensitive element 20 needs to be adapted to the thickness of the terminal.
  • the size can be larger, so that the lens module 100 can have better imaging quality, and under the influence of the jitter of the lens module 100, the film formation rate can also be higher.
  • the optical lens 10 is a zoom lens and the focal length of the optical lens 10 is changed, the optical lens 10 is moved axially relative to the photosensitive element 20 accordingly, which can ensure that the optical lens 10 can be operated at any focal length. Better imaging.
  • the lens module 100 includes a driving part 40.
  • the driving part 40 includes one or more driving parts, which can drive the optical lens 10 to perform focusing and/or optical image stabilization through the driving part of the driving part 40, and/or drive the optical lens 10 to move axially relative to the photosensitive element 20 through the driving part 40 , So that when the optical lens 10 is not used, the lens group can be close to the photosensitive element 20; when the optical lens 10 needs to be used for shooting, the lens group can be pushed away from the photosensitive element 20 to a certain position for shooting.
  • the drive unit 40 drives the optical element to perform focusing
  • the drive unit drives the respective lenses of the optical lens 10 to move relative to each other to achieve focusing.
  • the driving unit 40 drives the optical element for anti-shake, it drives the optical lens 10 to move or rotate relative to the photosensitive element 20, and/or drives each lens in the optical lens 10 to move or rotate relative to each other, so as to achieve optical anti-shake.
  • the driving part 40 may be a driving structure such as a motor or a motor.
  • the lens module 100 further includes a fixed base 50 (holder), an infrared filter 30, a circuit board 60 and other structures.
  • the optical lens 10 further includes a lens barrel 10a. The lenses of each component of the optical lens 10 are fixed in the lens barrel 10a, and the lenses fixed in the lens barrel 10a are coaxially arranged.
  • the photosensitive element 20 is fixed on the circuit board 60 by bonding or patching, and the analog-to-digital converter 300, image processor 200, memory 400, etc. are also bonded or patched on the circuit board 60, thereby
  • the circuit board 60 realizes the communication connection among the photosensitive element 20, the analog-to-digital converter 300, the image processor 200, the memory 400, and the like.
  • the fixed base is fixed on the circuit board 60.
  • the circuit board 60 may be a flexible printed circuit (FPC) or a printed circuit board (printed circuit board, PCB) for transmitting electrical signals.
  • the FPC may be a single-sided flexible board, a double-sided flexible board, or a multilayer Flexible boards, rigid-flex boards, or mixed-structure flexible circuit boards, etc.
  • the other components included in the lens module 100 will not be described in detail here.
  • the infrared filter 30 can be fixed on the circuit board 60 and located between the optical lens 10 and the photosensitive element 20. The light passing through the optical lens 10 irradiates the infrared filter 30 and is transmitted to the photosensitive element 20 through the infrared filter 30.
  • the infrared filter can eliminate unnecessary light projected on the photosensitive element 20, prevent the photosensitive element 20 from generating false colors or ripples, so as to improve its effective resolution and color reproduction.
  • the infrared filter 30 may also be fixed on the end of the optical lens 10 facing the image side.
  • the fixed base 50 is fixed on the circuit board 60
  • the optical lens 10, the infrared filter 30 and the photosensitive element 20 are all contained in the fixed base 50
  • the lens 10 is sequentially stacked on the circuit board 60 so that the light passing through the optical lens 10 can be irradiated on the infrared filter 30 and transmitted to the photosensitive element 20 through the infrared filter 30.
  • the lens barrel 10 a of the optical lens 10 is connected to the fixed base 50 and can move relative to the fixed base 50, thereby changing the distance between the optical lens 10 and the photosensitive element 20.
  • the fixed base 50 includes a fixed barrel 51, the inner wall of the fixed barrel 51 is provided with internal threads, the outer wall of the lens barrel 10a is provided with external threads, and the lens barrel 10a and the fixed barrel 51 are threaded. connect.
  • the lens barrel 10 a is driven to rotate by the driving member of the driving part 40, so that the lens barrel 10 a moves in the axial direction relative to the fixed barrel 51, so that the lens of the optical lens 10 is close to or away from the photosensitive element 20.
  • the lens barrel 10a can also be connected to the fixed base 50 in other ways, and can move relative to the fixed base 50.
  • the lens barrel 10a and the fixed base 50 are connected by a sliding rail.
  • each lens of the optical lens 10 is arranged in the lens barrel 10a, and can move relative to the lens barrel 10a, so that different lenses can move relative to each other to adjust the focus.
  • the optical lens 10 can move to the lens close to the photosensitive element 20, so that the thickness of the terminal 1000 can be about the thickness of the optical lens 10 (that is, the thickness of the optical lens 10 in the axial direction). Size) plus the thickness of the photosensitive element 20. Therefore, by shortening the thickness of the optical lens 10 as much as possible, the terminal 1000 can have a thinner thickness.
  • the on-axis thickness of multiple lenses (TTL1) basically determines the thickness of the optical lens 10.
  • the back focal length (BFL) of the optical lens and the on-axis thickness of the multiple lenses of the optical lens (TTL1) can be adjusted to
  • the back focal length (BFL) is extended and the on-axis thickness (TTL1) of the multiple lenses of the optical lens 10 is shortened, thereby reducing the thickness of the optical lens 10, and finally reducing the thickness of the terminal 1000.
  • the multiple components of the optical lens 10 of the present application include a first component S1, a second component S2, a third component S3, and a fourth component S4, and each component includes at least One lens.
  • the lenses in each component are arranged coaxially, and each lens includes an object side facing the object side and an image side facing the image side. It is understandable that each lens of the present application is a lens with positive or negative refractive power. When a plane lens is inserted between the lenses, the plane lens is not counted as a lens of the optical lens 10 of the present application.
  • the first component S1 has two lenses, the first lens and the second lens, when a flat lens is inserted between the first lens and the second lens, the first component S1 cannot be counted as having three lenses, and the flat lens cannot Count as the third lens of the first component S1.
  • the optical lens 10 satisfies the following relationship:
  • BFL is the back focal length of the optical lens
  • TTL is the total optical length of the optical lens 10.
  • the optical lens 10 when the Back Focal Length (BFL) and Total Track Length (TTL) of the optical lens 10 satisfy the above relationship, the optical lens 10 can have a longer back focal length (BFL) .
  • the thickness of the optical lens 10 is affected by the on-axis thickness (TTL1) of the multiple lenses in the optical lens.
  • TTL1 on-axis thickness
  • the on-axis thickness of the multiple lenses refers to the on-axis distance from the object side of the lens closest to the object side to the image side of the lens closest to the image side among the multiple lenses of the optical lens 10.
  • the axial thickness of the multiple lenses is the difference between the total optical length of the optical lens 10 and the back focus length of the optical lens.
  • the optical lens 10 can have a long back focus length (BFL)
  • the on-axis thickness (TTL1) of multiple lenses in the optical lens 10 is small, so that the optical lens 10 can have a small thickness.
  • the thickness of the optical lens 10 is the main factor restricting the thinner development of the terminal 1000, in this application, the thickness of the optical lens 10 is made smaller, so that the terminal 1000 including the optical lens 10 can also have a relatively thin thickness, so that The terminal of the optical lens 10 is thinner.
  • the back focus length BFL of the optical lens 10 satisfies: 9.08mm ⁇ BFL ⁇ 11.745mm, which is much larger than the back focus length of the general optical lens 10 (generally less than 6mm), so that the optical lens 10 is included
  • the lens module 100 can achieve a better telephoto shooting effect.
  • the back focal length of the optical lens 10 and the total optical length of the optical lens 10 satisfy the relationship: 0.6 ⁇ BFL/TTL ⁇ 0.67, that is, the back focal length of the optical lens 10 occupies a higher proportion of the total optical length of the optical lens 10, so the optical lens 10
  • the on-axis thickness of the plurality of lenses is relatively small, and the lens thickness of the optical lens 10 can be small, so that the thickness of the terminal including the optical lens 10 is small.
  • the different components of the optical lens 10 (including the first component S1, the second component S2, the third component S3, and the fourth component S4) have different optical properties, and the components with different optical properties
  • the cooperation between the optical lens 10 achieves a long back focus and a small thickness, and enables the optical lens 10 to have a better imaging effect.
  • the first component S1 has a positive refractive power, and is mainly used to gather light and correct chromatic aberration, so that the optical lens 10 can obtain a better shooting effect;
  • the second component S2 has a negative refractive power and is mainly used The light exit angle of the aperture diaphragm is compressed so that the optical lens 10 can obtain a larger aperture;
  • the third component S3 has a positive refractive power or a negative refractive power, and is mainly used to diffuse the light to a larger image surface, thereby obtaining a better Large image height;
  • the fourth component S4 has positive or negative refractive power, and is mainly used to correct field curvature and astigmatism of the optical system to obtain higher-quality imaging.
  • each lens in each component has different optical properties.
  • the first lens of the first component S1 has a positive refractive power
  • the object side of the first lens of the first component S1 is convex on the paraxial
  • the first component S1 The image side surface of the first lens is convex or concave on the paraxial axis, and the optical lens 10 satisfies the following relationship:
  • the first lens of the first component S1 is the lens closest to the object side of the optical lens 10 in the first component S1
  • f S1 is the first lens of the first component S1.
  • the focal length of a lens, f is the total focal length of the optical lens 10.
  • the range of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the first component S1 to the focal length of the optical lens 10 is specified, which represents the light-gathering ability of the first lens of the first component S1, so that the optical lens 10 can It has sufficient light input to obtain good photo effects.
  • the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the first component S1 to the optical lens 10 satisfies the above relational expression, it can help correct the chromatic aberration of the optical lens 10, so that the optical lens 10 can get better Of imaging.
  • the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the first component S1 to the focal length of the optical lens 10 specified by the above relational expression can facilitate the cooperation of the first lens of the first component S1 with other lenses to obtain the desired The optical lens 10, so that the optical lens 10 has a long back focus effect and a thin thickness.
  • the optical lens 10 also satisfies the following relationship:
  • R S11 is the radius of curvature of the object side of the first lens of the first component S1
  • R S12 is the radius of curvature of the image side of the first lens of the first component S1
  • d S1 is the radius of curvature of the image side of the first lens of the first component S1.
  • ⁇ d is the sum of the axial thickness of each lens in the plurality of components.
  • the above relational expression stipulates the ratio of the curvature radius of the object side surface and the image side surface of the first lens of the first component S1, and expresses the degree of unevenness of the image side surface and the object side surface of the first lens of the first component S1.
  • the focal length of the first lens of the first component S1 and the total focal length of the optical lens 10 satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression.
  • the thickness of the first lens of the first component S1 can be reduced as much as possible, thereby reducing the optical The thickness of the lens 10.
  • the above relational expression also stipulates that by controlling the ratio of the on-axis thickness of the first lens of the first component S1 to the sum of the on-axis thickness of each lens, the shape of the lens can be restricted and a reasonable lens thickness can be ensured.
  • the first lens of the second component S2 has a negative refractive power
  • the object side of the first lens of the second component S2 is convex on the paraxial
  • the image of the first lens of the second component S2 The side surface is concave on the paraxial axis, and the optical lens 10 satisfies the following relationship:
  • the first lens of the second component S2 is the lens closest to the object side of the optical lens 10 in the second component S2, and f S2 is the first lens of the second component S2.
  • the focal length of a lens, f is the total focal length of the optical lens 10.
  • the above relational expression stipulates the range of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the second component S2 to the focal length of the optical lens 10, which represents the light-gathering ability of the first lens of the second component S2, which is conducive to the light exit of the compressed aperture diaphragm. Angle, so that the optical lens 10 can get better imaging.
  • the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the second component S2 to the focal length of the optical lens 10 specified according to the above relational expression can facilitate the cooperation of the first lens of the second component S2 with other lenses to obtain
  • the optical lens 10 is required so that the optical lens 10 has a long back focus effect and a thin thickness.
  • the optical lens 10 also satisfies the following relationship:
  • R S21 is the radius of curvature of the object side of the first lens of the second component S2
  • R S22 is the radius of curvature of the image side of the first lens of the second component S2
  • d S2 is the radius of curvature of the image side of the first lens of the second component S2.
  • ⁇ d is the sum of the on-axis thickness of each lens in the plurality of components.
  • the ratio of the curvature radius of the object side surface and the image side surface of the first lens of the second component S2 specified above indicates the degree of unevenness of the image side surface and the object side surface of the first lens of the second component S2, so that The focal length of the first lens of the second component S2 and the focal length of the optical lens 10 satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression.
  • the thickness of the first lens of the second component S2 can be reduced as much as possible, thereby reducing the optical The thickness of the lens 10.
  • the above relational expression stipulates that by controlling the ratio of the on-axis thickness of the first lens of the second component S2 to the sum of the on-axis thickness of each lens, the shape of the lens can be restricted and a reasonable lens thickness can be ensured.
  • the thickness of the first lens of the second component S2 satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression, the focal length of the first lens of the second component S2 and the focal length of the optical lens 10 can satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression.
  • the first lens of the third component S3 has positive or negative refractive power
  • the object side surface of the first lens of the third component S3 is convex or concave on the paraxial
  • the third component S3 The image side surface of the first lens of S3 is convex on the paraxial axis.
  • the optical lens 10 satisfies the following relationship:
  • the first lens of the third component S3 is the lens closest to the object side of the optical lens 10 in the third component S3, and f S3 is the first lens of the third component S3.
  • the focal length of a lens, f is the total focal length of the optical lens 10.
  • the above-mentioned relational expression stipulates the range of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the third component S3 to the focal length of the optical lens 10.
  • the image surface so that the optical lens 10 can shoot to obtain a larger image surface, thereby improving the imaging quality.
  • the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the third component S3 to the focal length of the optical lens 10 specified according to the above relational expression can facilitate the cooperation of the first lens of the third component S3 with other lenses to obtain the desired
  • the optical lens 10 has a long back focus effect and a thin thickness.
  • the optical lens 10 also satisfies the following relationship:
  • R S31 is the radius of curvature of the object side of the first lens of the third component S3
  • R S32 is the radius of curvature of the image side of the first lens of the third component S3
  • d S3 is the radius of curvature of the first lens of the third component S3.
  • ⁇ d is the sum of the on-axis thickness of each lens in the plurality of components.
  • the above relational expression stipulates the ratio of the curvature radius of the object side surface and the image side surface of the first lens of the third component S3, and indicates the degree of unevenness of the image side surface and the object side surface of the first lens of the third component S3, so that The focal length of the first lens of the third component S3 and the focal length of the optical lens 10 satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression.
  • the thickness of the first lens of the third component S3 can be reduced as much as possible, thereby reducing the optical The thickness of the lens 10.
  • the above relationship stipulates that by controlling the ratio of the on-axis thickness of the first lens of the third component S3 to the sum of the on-axis thickness of each lens, the shape of the first lens of the third component S3 can be restricted to ensure Reasonable lens thickness. Moreover, by making the thickness of the first lens of the third component S3 satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression, the focal length of the first lens of the third component S3 and the focal length of the optical lens 10 can satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression.
  • the first lens of the fourth component S4 has positive refractive power
  • the object side of the first lens of the first component S1 is convex on the paraxial
  • the image of the first lens of the first component S1 The side surface is convex or concave on the paraxial, and the optical lens 10 satisfies the following relationship:
  • the first lens of the fourth component S4 is the lens closest to the object side of the optical lens 10 in the fourth component S4, and fS4 is the first lens of the fourth component S4.
  • the focal length of the lens, f is the total focal length of the optical lens 10.
  • the above relational expression stipulates the range of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens element of the fourth component S4 to the focal length of the optical lens 10, indicating the light-gathering ability of the first lens element of the fourth component S4, which is beneficial to correct the field curvature of the optical system And astigmatism, so that the optical lens 10 can get better imaging.
  • the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the fourth component S4 to the focal length of the optical lens 10 specified according to the above relational expression can facilitate the cooperation of the first lens of the fourth component S4 with other lenses to obtain
  • the optical lens 10 is required so that the optical lens 10 has a long back focus effect and a thin thickness.
  • the optical lens 10 also satisfies the following relationship:
  • R S41 is the radius of curvature of the object side of the first lens of the fourth component S4
  • R S42 is the radius of curvature of the image side of the first lens of the fourth component S4
  • d S4 is the radius of curvature of the first lens of the fourth component S4.
  • ⁇ d is the sum of the on-axis thickness of each lens in the plurality of components.
  • the thickness of the first lens of the fourth component S4 can be reduced as much as possible, thereby reducing the optical The thickness of the lens 10.
  • the above relational expression stipulates that by controlling the ratio of the on-axis thickness of the first lens of the fourth component S4 to the sum of the on-axis thickness of each lens, the shape of the lens can be restricted and a reasonable lens thickness can be ensured. Moreover, by making the thickness of the first lens of the fourth component S4 satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression, the focal length of the first lens of the fourth component S4 and the focal length of the optical lens 10 can satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression.
  • the first lens of the first component S1 of the optical lens 10 the first lens of the second component S2, the first lens of the third component S3, and the first lens of the fourth component S4
  • the first lens also satisfies the following relationship:
  • v S1 is the Abbe number of the first lens of the first component S1
  • v S2 is the Abbe number of the first lens of the second component S2
  • v S3 is the third group
  • v S4 is the Abbe number of the first lens of the fourth component S4.
  • the above relational expression stipulates the range of the difference between the Abbe number of the first lens of the first component S1 and the first lens of the second component S2, the first lens of the first component S1 and the third component
  • the Abbe numbers of the lenses of different components are different, resulting in the lenses of each component having different refractive indexes, so that each lens can achieve the required optical effect.
  • the range of the difference between the Abbe numbers of the lenses specified according to the above-mentioned relational expression enables the lenses to cooperate to obtain the required optical lens 10, and enables the optical lens 10 to have a better imaging effect.
  • each lens of each component of the optical lens 10 may be made of plastic material, glass material or other composite materials.
  • the selectable range of the refractive index n1 of the glass lens is larger than that of the plastic lens, which makes it easier to obtain thinner but better-performing lenses, which is beneficial to reduce the number of lenses of the optical lens 10
  • the on-axis thickness of TTL1 is TTL1, thereby realizing the thinning of the optical lens 10.
  • the first lens of the first component S1 of the optical lens 10 is made of glass, and its refractive index n1 satisfies: 1.5 ⁇ n1 ⁇ 1.9.
  • the selectable range of the refractive index n1 of the first lens of the first component S1 is relatively large and can be easily obtained, so that the thickness of the first lens of the first component S1 can be reduced. In this case, a better light gathering effect can also be achieved. Since the lens of the optical lens 10 closer to the object side or the image side, the greater the work of adjusting the optical path, the more important the adjustment of the optical effect.
  • the first lens of the first component S1 may also be made of plastic material or other composite materials.
  • the optical lens 10 also satisfies: 0.69 ⁇ TTL1/MIC ⁇ 0.76, so that the optical lens 10 of the present application can have a larger image height, and thus can obtain a better imaging effect.
  • TTL1 is the axial thickness of the multiple lenses
  • MIC is the maximum imaging circle diameter of the optical lens 10.
  • the image side and object side of each lens are both aspherical, and the image side and object side of each lens satisfy the formula:
  • x is non-spherical high vector
  • r radial coordinate is non-spherical
  • c aspheric the sphere of curvature K is a conic constant
  • the optical lens 10 can be made to meet the requirements of long back focus and smaller optical lenses.
  • the thickness of the product is required, and at the same time, higher imaging performance can be obtained.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical lens 10 according to the first embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical lens 10 has four components, which are the first component S1, the second component S2, the third component S3, and the fourth component S4.
  • the first component S1, the second component The element S2, the third element S3, and the fourth element S4 are arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side.
  • the first component S1, the second component S2, the third component S3, and the fourth component S4 all include one lens, and each lens in each component is coaxially arranged.
  • the first element S1 includes the first lens 11, the first lens of the first element S1 is the first lens 11; the second element S2 includes the second lens 12, and the first lens of the second element S2 The lens is the second lens 12; the third component S3 includes the third lens 13, and the first lens of the third component S3 is the third lens 13; the fourth component S4 includes the fourth lens 14, the first lens The first lens of the four-component S4 is the fourth lens 14.
  • the first lens 11 has a positive refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the second lens 12 has a negative refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial, and its image side
  • the paraxial is concave;
  • the third lens 13 has negative refractive power, its object side is concave on the paraxial, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the fourth lens 14 has positive refractive power, and its object side is convex on the paraxial , The image side is concave on the paraxial.
  • the first lens 11 is made of glass, and the second lens 12, the third lens 13 and the fourth lens 14 are all plastic.
  • R S11 the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the first lens of the first component S1.
  • R S11 is the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the first lens 11.
  • R S12 the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the first lens of the first component S1.
  • R S21 is the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the first lens 11.
  • R S21 The curvature radius of the object side surface of the first lens of the second component S2.
  • R S21 is the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the second lens 12.
  • R S22 the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the first lens of the second component S2.
  • R S22 is the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the second lens 12.
  • R S31 the curvature radius of the object side surface of the first lens of the third component S3.
  • R S31 is the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the third lens 13.
  • R S32 the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the first lens of the third component S3.
  • R S32 is the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the third lens 13.
  • R S41 The curvature radius of the object side surface of the first lens of the fourth component S4.
  • R S41 is the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the fourth lens 14.
  • R S42 The curvature radius of the image side surface of the first lens of the fourth component S4.
  • R S42 is the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the fourth lens 14.
  • n1 the refractive index of the first lens 11.
  • v1 Abbe number of the first lens 11.
  • v1 is the Abbe number v S1 of the first lens of the first component S1.
  • v2 Abbe number of the second lens 12.
  • v2 is the Abbe number v S2 of the first lens of the second component S2.
  • v3 Abbe number of the third lens 13.
  • v3 is the Abbe number v S3 of the first lens of the third component S3.
  • v4 Abbe number of the fourth lens 14.
  • v4 is the Abbe number v S4 of the first lens of the fourth component S4.
  • f the total focal length of the optical lens 10.
  • f S1 the focal length of the first lens of the first component S1.
  • f S1 is the focal length of the first lens 11.
  • f S2 the focal length of the first lens of the second component S2.
  • f S2 is the focal length of the second lens 12.
  • f S3 the focal length of the first lens of the third component S3.
  • f S3 is the focal length of the third lens 13.
  • f S4 the focal length of the first lens of the fourth component S4.
  • f S4 is the focal length of the fourth lens 14.
  • d1 the on-axis thickness of the first lens 11.
  • d2 the on-axis thickness of the second lens 12.
  • d3 the on-axis thickness of the third lens 13.
  • d4 the on-axis thickness of the fourth lens 14.
  • d S1 the on-axis thickness of the first lens of the first component S1.
  • d S1 is the axial thickness of the first lens 11.
  • d S2 the on-axis thickness of the first lens of the second component S2.
  • d S2 is the axial thickness of the second lens 12.
  • d S3 the on-axis thickness of the first lens of the third component S3.
  • d S3 is the axial thickness of the third lens 13.
  • d S4 the on-axis thickness of the first lens of the fourth component S4.
  • d S4 is the axial thickness of the fourth lens 14.
  • TTL1 The on-axis thickness of multiple lenses in the optical lens 10, that is, the on-axis thickness of the lens closest to the object side of the first component S1 to the image side of the fourth component S2 closest to the image side.
  • MIC The maximum imaging circle diameter of the optical lens 10.
  • Table 2 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens 10 in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Table 2.
  • Table 3 shows the radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each component lens of the optical lens 100 in the first embodiment of the present application, as shown in Table 3.
  • Table 3 The radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each component lens of the optical lens 10 of the first embodiment
  • R1 the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the first lens 11.
  • R1 is the curvature radius R S11 of the object side surface of the first lens of the first component S1.
  • R2 the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the first lens 11.
  • R1 is the curvature radius R S12 of the image side surface of the first lens of the first component S1.
  • R3 the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the second lens 12.
  • R3 is the curvature radius R S21 of the object side surface of the first lens of the second component S2.
  • R4 The radius of curvature of the image side surface of the second lens 12.
  • R4 is the curvature radius R S22 of the image side surface of the first lens of the second component S2.
  • R5 The radius of curvature of the object side surface of the third lens 13.
  • R5 is the curvature radius R S31 of the object side surface of the first lens of the third component S3.
  • R6 The radius of curvature of the image side surface of the third lens 13.
  • R6 is the curvature radius R S32 of the image side surface of the first lens of the third component S3.
  • R7 The radius of curvature of the object side surface of the fourth lens 14.
  • R7 is the curvature radius R S41 of the object side surface of the first lens of the fourth component S4.
  • R8 The radius of curvature of the image side surface of the fourth lens 14.
  • R6 is the curvature radius R S42 of the image side surface of the first lens of the fourth component S4.
  • a1 the axial distance between the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the object side surface of the second lens 12.
  • a2 the axial distance between the image side surface of the second lens 12 and the object side surface of the third lens 13.
  • a3 the axial distance between the image side surface of the third lens 13 and the object side surface of the fourth lens 14.
  • a4 the axial distance between the image side surface of the fourth lens 14 and the object side surface of the infrared filter 30.
  • n2 the refractive index of the second lens 12.
  • n3 the refractive index of the third lens 13.
  • n4 the refractive index of the fourth lens 14.
  • the positive or negative of the radius of curvature means that the optical surface is convex to the object side or convex to the image side, and when the optical surface (including the object side or image side) is convex to the object side, the radius of curvature of the optical surface is a positive value; When (including the object side surface or the image side surface) is convex to the image side, the optical surface is equivalent to concave on the object side surface, and the radius of curvature of the optical surface is a negative value.
  • Table 4 shows the aspheric coefficients of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment, as shown in Table 4.
  • K is a quadric constant
  • symbols such as A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5 represent polynomial coefficients.
  • the parameters in the table are expressed in scientific notation. For example, -1.07E-01 refers to -1.07 ⁇ 10 - 1; -4.11E- 02 refers to -4.11 ⁇ 10 -2.
  • symbols such as K, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5 appear again in this application, unless otherwise explained, the meaning is the same as here, and will not be repeated hereafter.
  • the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, and the fourth lens 14 of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment can be designed.
  • the different lenses of the optical lens 10 obtained through the above-mentioned parameter design can play different roles, so that the optical lens 10 with good imaging quality can be obtained through the cooperation of the lenses.
  • the first lens 11 has a higher refractive index, which can better converge light and correct chromatic aberration;
  • the second lens 12 can compress the exit angle of the aperture diaphragm;
  • the lens 13 can play a role in spreading light to a larger image surface;
  • the fourth lens 14 can play a role in correcting curvature of field and astigmatism of the optical system.
  • each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • 5 to 7 are characterization diagrams of the optical performance of the optical lens 10 of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 shows the axial aberrations of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the first embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 5 represents the normalized pupil coordinates, and the abscissa represents the aberration in the axial direction, in millimeters. It can be seen from FIG. 5 that in this embodiment, the axial aberration is controlled within a small range.
  • the implementation in FIG. 6 shows the lateral chromatic aberration of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the first embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 6 represents the angle of the field of view, in degrees (°), and the abscissa is in the diffraction limit range, in micrometers ( ⁇ m).
  • the dotted line in FIG. 6 indicates the diffraction limit range of the optical lens 10.
  • the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the first embodiment is basically within the diffraction limit, that is, the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the first embodiment is basically not This affects the imaging quality of the optical lens 10.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of light with a wavelength of 555 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the first embodiment, which is used to represent the difference between the imaging deformation of the light after passing through the optical lens 10 and the ideal shape.
  • the solid line in the left figure in FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the meridian direction after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10; the dotted line is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the sagittal direction after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10.
  • the diagram on the right in FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of optical distortion after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10 of the first embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that, in this embodiment, the optical system controls the distortion within the range of visual recognition (2% or less is not recognized by the naked eye).
  • the back focal length BFL is 9.08
  • the overall optical length TTL is 15.13 mm
  • the length of the TTL1 is 6.05 mm.
  • the thickness of the terminal 1000 may be slightly larger than 6.05 mm, that is, the terminal 1000 has a relatively thin thickness while having good imaging quality.
  • FIG. 8 shows an optical lens 10 according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical lens 10 has four components, which are the first component S1, the second component S2, the third component S3, and the fourth component S4.
  • the first component S1, the second component The element S2, the third element S3, and the fourth element S4 are arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side.
  • the first component S1, the second component S2, the third component S3, and the fourth component S4 all include a lens.
  • the first component S1 includes a first lens 11
  • the second component S2 includes a second lens 12
  • the third component S3 includes a third lens 13
  • the fourth component S4 includes a fourth lens 14, each The lens is set coaxially.
  • the first lens 11 has a positive refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the second lens 12 has a negative refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial, and its image The side surface is concave on the paraxial;
  • the third lens 13 has a positive refractive power, its object side is concave on the paraxial, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the fourth lens 14 has a positive refractive power, and its object side is on the paraxial. Convex, the image side is concave on the paraxial.
  • the first lens 11 is made of glass, and the second lens 12, the third lens 13 and the fourth lens 14 are all plastic.
  • Table 6 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens 10 in the second embodiment of the present application, and the meaning of each symbol in the table refers to the related description of the first embodiment.
  • Table 7 shows the radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each component lens of the optical lens 100 in the second embodiment of the present application, and the meaning of each symbol in the table refers to the related description of the first embodiment.
  • Table 7 The radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each component lens of the optical lens 10 of the second embodiment
  • Table 8 shows the aspheric coefficients of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment, and the meaning of each symbol in the table refers to the related description of the first embodiment.
  • the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, and the fourth lens 14 of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment can be designed.
  • the different lenses of the optical lens 10 obtained through the above-mentioned parameter design can play different roles, so that the optical lens 10 with good imaging quality can be obtained through the cooperation of the lenses.
  • the first lens 11 has a higher refractive index, which can better converge light and correct chromatic aberration;
  • the second lens 12 can compress the exit angle of the aperture diaphragm, and the third lens
  • the lens 13 can play a role in spreading light to a larger image surface, and the fourth lens 14 can play a role in correcting curvature of field and astigmatism of the optical system.
  • the main functions played by each lens in this embodiment are given here, and other functions can also be played in practice.
  • only the role played by each lens in this embodiment is given here. In other embodiments of the present application, each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • 9-11 are characterization diagrams of the optical performance of the optical lens 10 of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 shows the axial aberrations of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the second embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 9 represents the normalized pupil coordinates, and the abscissa represents the aberration in the axial direction, and the unit is millimeters. It can be seen from FIG. 9 that in this embodiment, the axial aberration is controlled within a small range.
  • the implementation in FIG. 10 shows the lateral chromatic aberration of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the second embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 10 represents the angle of the field of view, in degrees (°), and the abscissa is in the diffraction limit range, in micrometers ( ⁇ m).
  • the dotted line in FIG. 10 indicates the diffraction limit range of the optical lens 10.
  • the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the second embodiment is within the diffraction limit, that is, the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the second embodiment is basically not correct.
  • the imaging quality of the optical lens 10 is affected.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of light with a wavelength of 555 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the second embodiment, which is used to represent the difference between the imaging deformation of the light after passing through the optical lens 10 and the ideal shape.
  • the solid line is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the meridian direction after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10; the dashed line is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the sagittal direction after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10.
  • the diagram on the right in FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of optical distortion after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10 of the second embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that, in this embodiment, the optical system controls the distortion within the visual recognition range (2% or less is not recognized by the naked eye), that is, the optical lens can obtain a high-quality imaging effect.
  • the back focal length BFL is 9.63 mm
  • the overall optical length TTL is 16.05 mm
  • the length of the TTL1 is 6.42 mm.
  • the thickness of the terminal 1000 may be slightly larger than 6.42 mm, that is, the terminal 1000 has a relatively thin thickness while having good imaging quality.
  • FIG. 12 shows an optical lens 10 according to a third embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical lens 10 has four components, which are the first component S1, the second component S2, the third component S3, and the fourth component S4.
  • the first component S1, the second component The element S2, the third element S3, and the fourth element S4 are arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side.
  • the first component S1, the second component S2, the third component S3, and the fourth component S4 all include a lens.
  • the first component S1 includes a first lens 11
  • the second component S2 includes a second lens 12
  • the third component S3 includes a third lens 13
  • the fourth component S4 includes a fourth lens 14, each The lens is set coaxially.
  • the first lens 11 has positive refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the second lens 12 has negative refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial, and its image side
  • the paraxial is concave;
  • the third lens 13 has negative refractive power, its object side is concave on the paraxial, and its image side is concave on the paraxial;
  • the fourth lens 14 has positive refractive power, and its object side is concave on the paraxial , The image side is convex on the paraxial.
  • the first lens 11 is made of glass, and the second lens 12, the third lens 13 and the fourth lens 14 are all plastic.
  • Table 10 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens 10 in the third embodiment of the present application, as shown in Table 10.
  • Table 11 shows the radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each component lens of the optical lens 100 in the third embodiment of the present application, and the meaning of each symbol in the table refers to the related description of the first embodiment.
  • Table 11 The radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each component lens of the optical lens 10 of the third embodiment
  • Table 12 shows the aspheric coefficients of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment, and the meaning of each symbol in the table refers to the related description of the first embodiment.
  • the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, and the fourth lens 14 of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment can be designed.
  • the different lenses of the optical lens 10 obtained through the above-mentioned parameter design can play different roles, so that the optical lens 10 with good imaging quality can be obtained through the cooperation of the lenses.
  • the first lens 11 has a higher refractive index, which can better converge light and correct chromatic aberration;
  • the second lens 12 can compress the exit angle of the aperture diaphragm; third;
  • the lens 13 can play a role in spreading light to a larger image surface;
  • the fourth lens 14 can play a role in correcting curvature of field and astigmatism of the optical system.
  • each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • 13-15 are characterization diagrams of the optical performance of the optical lens 10 of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 shows the axial aberrations of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the third embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 13 represents the normalized pupil coordinates, and the abscissa represents the aberration in the axial direction, in millimeters. It can be seen from FIG. 13 that in this embodiment, the axial aberration is controlled within a small range.
  • the implementation in FIG. 14 shows the lateral chromatic aberration of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the third embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 14 represents the angle of the field of view, in degrees (°), and the abscissa is in the diffraction limit range, in micrometers ( ⁇ m).
  • the dotted line in FIG. 14 indicates the diffraction limit range of the optical lens 10.
  • the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the third embodiment is within the diffraction limit, that is, the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the third embodiment is basically not correct.
  • the imaging quality of the optical lens 10 is affected.
  • FIG. 15 shows a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of light with a wavelength of 555 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the third embodiment, which is used to represent the difference between the imaging deformation of the light after passing through the optical lens 10 and the ideal shape.
  • the solid line in the left figure in FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the meridian direction after 555nm light passes through the optical lens 10; the dotted line is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the sagittal direction after 555nm light passes through the optical lens 10.
  • the diagram on the right in FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of optical distortion after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10 of the third embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that, in this embodiment, the optical system controls the distortion within the range of visual recognition (2% or less is not recognized by the naked eye).
  • the back focal length BFL is 11.745 mm
  • the overall optical length TTL is 11.530 mm
  • the length of the TTL1 is 5.785 mm.
  • the thickness of the terminal 1000 may be slightly larger than 5.785 mm, that is, the terminal 1000 has a relatively thin thickness while having good imaging quality.
  • FIG. 16 shows an optical lens 10 according to a fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical lens 10 has four components, which are the first component S1, the second component S2, the third component S3, and the fourth component S4.
  • the first component S1, the second component The element S2, the third element S3, and the fourth element S4 are arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side.
  • the first component S1, the second component S2, and the fourth component S4 each include one lens
  • the third component S3 includes two lenses.
  • the first component S1 includes the first lens 11, the second component S2 includes the second lens 12, the third component S3 includes the third lens 13 and the fourth lens 14, and the fourth component S4 includes the fifth lens.
  • Lens 15, each lens is arranged coaxially.
  • the first lens 11 has positive refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side is concave on the paraxial;
  • the second lens 12 has negative refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial, and its image side is convex on the proximal axis.
  • the axis is concave;
  • the third lens 13 has negative refractive power, its object side is concave on the paraxial axis, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the fourth lens 14 has positive refractive power;
  • the fifth lens 15 has negative refractive power, which The object side surface is convex on the paraxial axis, and the image side surface is concave on the paraxial axis.
  • d5 represents the axial thickness of the fifth lens 15.
  • the first lens of the fourth component S4 is the fifth lens 15. Therefore, d S4 refers to the axial thickness d5 of the fifth lens 15, R S41 refers to the curvature radius of the object side of the fifth lens 15, and R S42 is Refers to the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the fifth lens 15, v5 represents the Abbe number of the fifth lens 15, and v5 is the Abbe number v S4 of the first lens of the fourth component S4.
  • the four components of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment include the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, and the fifth lens 15, the four components of the optical lens 10
  • the sum of the on-axis thickness of each lens in ⁇ d d1+d2+d3+d4+d5.
  • Table 14 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens 10 in the fourth embodiment of the present application, as shown in Table 14.
  • Table 15 shows the radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each component lens of the optical lens 100 in the fourth embodiment of the present application, as shown in Table 15.
  • Table 15 The radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each lens element of the optical lens 10 of the fourth embodiment
  • R9 represents the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the fifth lens
  • R10 represents the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the fifth lens
  • d5 represents the axial thickness of the fifth lens
  • a4 represents the axial distance between the image side of the fourth lens 14 and the object side of the fifth lens
  • a5 represents the distance between the image side of the fifth lens 15 and the infrared filter 30.
  • the meanings of other symbols in the table are the same as those shown in Table 3.
  • Table 16 shows the aspheric coefficients of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment, as shown in Table 16.
  • R9 represents the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the fifth lens
  • R10 represents the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the fifth lens 15.
  • the meanings of other symbols in Table 16 are the same as those in Table 4.
  • the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, and the fourth lens 14 of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment can be designed.
  • the different lenses of the optical lens 10 obtained through the above-mentioned parameter design can play different roles, so that the optical lens 10 with good imaging quality can be obtained through the cooperation of the lenses.
  • the first lens 11 has a high refractive index, which can better converge light and correct chromatic aberration;
  • the second lens 12 can compress the exit angle of the aperture diaphragm.
  • the lens 13 and the fourth lens 14 can play the role of spreading light to a larger image surface, and the fifth lens 15 can play the role of correcting the curvature of field and astigmatism of the optical system.
  • each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • FIG. 17 shows the axial aberrations of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the fourth embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 17 represents the normalized pupil coordinates, and the abscissa represents the aberration in the axial direction, and the unit is millimeters. It can be seen from FIG. 17 that in this embodiment, the axial aberration is controlled within a small range.
  • the implementation in FIG. 18 shows the lateral chromatic aberration of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the fourth embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 18 represents the angle of the field of view, in degrees (°), and the abscissa is in the diffraction limit range, in micrometers ( ⁇ m).
  • the dotted line in FIG. 18 indicates the diffraction limit range of the optical lens 10.
  • the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the fourth embodiment is within the diffraction limit, that is, the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the fourth embodiment is basically not correct.
  • the imaging quality of the optical lens 10 is affected.
  • FIG. 19 shows a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of light with a wavelength of 555 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the fourth embodiment, which is used to represent the difference between the imaging deformation of the light after passing through the optical lens 10 and the ideal shape.
  • the solid line in the left figure in FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the meridian direction after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10; the dashed line is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the sagittal direction after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10.
  • the diagram on the right in FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of optical distortion after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10 of the fourth embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that, in this embodiment, the optical system controls the distortion within the range of visual recognition (2% or less is not recognized by the naked eye).
  • the back focal length BFL is 9.686 mm
  • the overall optical length TTL is 15.879 mm
  • the length of the TTL1 is 6.193 mm.
  • the thickness of the terminal 1000 may be slightly larger than 6.193 mm, that is, the terminal 1000 has a relatively thin thickness while having good imaging quality.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical lens 10 according to a fifth embodiment of this application.
  • the optical lens 10 has four components, which are the first component S1, the second component S2, the third component S3, and the fourth component S4.
  • the first component S1, the second component The element S2, the third element S3, and the fourth element S4 are arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side.
  • the first component S1, the second component S2, and the fourth component S4 each include one lens
  • the third component S3 includes two lenses.
  • the first component S1 includes the first lens 11, the second component S2 includes the second lens 12, the third component S3 includes the third lens 13 and the fourth lens 14, and the fourth component S4 includes the fifth lens.
  • Lens 15, each lens is arranged coaxially.
  • the first lens 11 is made of glass, and the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, and the fifth lens 15 are all plastic.
  • the first lens 11 has a positive refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the second lens 12 has a negative refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial, and its image side is convex on the proximal axis.
  • the axis is concave;
  • the third lens 13 has negative refractive power, its object side is concave on the paraxial axis, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the fourth lens 14 has positive refractive power;
  • the fifth lens 15 has negative refractive power, which The object side surface is convex on the paraxial axis, and the image side surface is concave on the paraxial axis.
  • Table 18 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens 10 in the fifth embodiment of the present application, as shown in Table 18.
  • Table 19 shows the radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each component lens of the optical lens 100 in the fifth embodiment of the present application, and the meaning of each symbol in the table refers to the related description of the fourth embodiment.
  • Table 19 The radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each lens element of the optical lens 10 of the fifth embodiment
  • Table 20 shows the aspheric coefficients of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment, and the meaning of each symbol in the table refers to the related description of the fourth embodiment.
  • the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14 and the fifth lens 15 of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment can be designed.
  • the different lenses of the optical lens 10 obtained through the above-mentioned parameter design can play different roles, so that the optical lens 10 with good imaging quality can be obtained through the cooperation of the lenses.
  • the first lens 11 has a higher refractive index, which can better converge light and correct chromatic aberration;
  • the second lens 12 can compress the exit angle of the aperture diaphragm, and the third lens
  • the lens 13 and the fourth lens 14 can play the role of spreading light to a larger image surface, and the fifth lens 15 can play the role of correcting the curvature of field and astigmatism of the optical system.
  • each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • FIGS. 21-23 are diagrams illustrating the optical performance of the optical lens 10 of the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 21 shows the axial aberrations of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the fifth embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 21 represents the normalized pupil coordinates, and the abscissa represents the aberration in the axial direction, and the unit is millimeters. It can be seen from FIG. 21 that in this embodiment, the axial aberration is controlled within a small range.
  • the implementation in FIG. 22 shows the lateral chromatic aberration of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the fifth embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 22 represents the angle of the field of view, in degrees (°), and the abscissa is in the diffraction limit range, in micrometers ( ⁇ m).
  • the dotted line in FIG. 22 indicates the diffraction limit range of the optical lens 10.
  • the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the fifth embodiment is within the diffraction limit, that is, the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the fifth embodiment is basically not correct.
  • the imaging quality of the optical lens 10 is affected.
  • FIG. 23 shows a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of light with a wavelength of 555 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the fifth embodiment, which is used to represent the difference between the imaging deformation of the light after passing through the optical lens 10 and the ideal shape.
  • the solid line in the left figure in FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the meridian direction after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10; the dashed line is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the sagittal direction after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10.
  • the right figure in FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of optical distortion after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10 of the fifth embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that, in this embodiment, the optical system controls the distortion within the range of visual recognition (2% or less is not recognized by the naked eye).
  • the back focal length BFL is 10.20 mm
  • the overall optical length TTL is 15.938 mm
  • the length of the TTL1 is 5.738 mm.
  • the thickness of the terminal 1000 may be slightly larger than 5.738 mm, that is, the terminal 1000 has a relatively thin thickness while having good imaging quality.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical lens 10 according to a sixth embodiment of this application.
  • the optical lens 10 has four components, which are the first component S1, the second component S2, the third component S3, and the fourth component S4.
  • the first component S1, the second component The element S2, the third element S3, and the fourth element S4 are arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side.
  • the first component S1, the second component S2, and the fourth component S4 each include one lens
  • the third component S3 includes two lenses.
  • the first component S1 includes the first lens 11, the second component S2 includes the second lens 12, the third component S3 includes the third lens 13 and the fourth lens 14, and the fourth component S4 includes the fifth lens.
  • Lens 15, each lens is arranged coaxially.
  • the second lens 11 is made of glass, and the first lens 11, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, and the fifth lens 15 are all plastic.
  • the first lens 11 has a positive refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the second lens 12 has a negative refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial, and its image side is convex on the proximal axis.
  • the axis is concave;
  • the third lens 13 has a negative refractive power, its object side is concave on the paraxial, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the fourth lens 14 has a positive refractive power;
  • the fifth lens 15 has a positive refractive power, which The object side surface is convex on the paraxial axis, and the image side surface is concave on the paraxial axis.
  • Table 22 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens 10 in the sixth embodiment of the present application, as shown in Table 22.
  • Table 23 shows the radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each component lens of the optical lens 100 in the sixth embodiment of the present application, and the meaning of each symbol in the table refers to the related description of the fourth embodiment.
  • Table 23 The radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each lens element of the optical lens 10 of the sixth embodiment
  • Table 24 shows the aspheric coefficients of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment, and the meaning of each symbol in the table refers to the related description of the fourth embodiment.
  • the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14 and the fifth lens 15 of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment can be designed.
  • the different lenses of the optical lens 10 obtained through the above-mentioned parameter design can play different roles, so that the optical lens 10 with good imaging quality can be obtained through the cooperation of the lenses.
  • the first lens 11 has a high refractive index, which can better converge light and correct chromatic aberration;
  • the second lens 12 can compress the exit angle of the aperture diaphragm.
  • the lens 13 and the fourth lens 14 can play the role of spreading light to a larger image surface, and the fifth lens 15 can play the role of correcting the curvature of field and astigmatism of the optical system.
  • each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • 25-27 are characterization diagrams of the optical performance of the optical lens 10 of the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 25 shows the axial aberrations of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the sixth embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 25 represents the normalized pupil coordinates, and the abscissa represents the aberration in the axial direction, in millimeters. It can be seen from FIG. 25 that, in this embodiment, the axial aberration is controlled within a relatively small range.
  • the implementation in FIG. 26 shows the lateral chromatic aberration of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the sixth embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 26 represents the angle of the field of view, in degrees (°), and the abscissa is in the diffraction limit range, in micrometers ( ⁇ m).
  • the dotted line in FIG. 26 indicates the diffraction limit range of the optical lens 10.
  • the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the sixth embodiment is within the diffraction limit, that is, the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the fifth embodiment is basically not correct.
  • the imaging quality of the optical lens 10 is affected.
  • FIG. 27 shows a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of light with a wavelength of 555 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the sixth embodiment, which is used to represent the difference between the imaging deformation of the light after passing through the optical lens 10 and the ideal shape.
  • the solid line in the left figure in FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the meridian direction after 555nm light passes through the optical lens 10; the dotted line is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the sagittal direction after 555nm light passes through the optical lens 10.
  • the diagram on the right in FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of optical distortion after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10 of the sixth embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that, in this embodiment, the optical system controls the distortion within the range of visual recognition (2% or less is not recognized by the naked eye).
  • the back focal length BFL is 9.48 mm
  • the overall optical length TTL is 15.8 mm
  • the length of the TTL1 is 6.32 mm.
  • the thickness of the terminal 1000 may be slightly larger than 6.32 mm, that is, the terminal 1000 has a relatively thin thickness while having good imaging quality.
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical lens 10 according to a seventh embodiment of this application.
  • the optical lens 10 has four components, which are the first component S1, the second component S2, the third component S3, and the fourth component S4.
  • the first component S1, the second component The element S2, the third element S3, and the fourth element S4 are arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side.
  • the first component S1, the second component S2, and the fourth component S4 each include one lens
  • the third component S3 includes two lenses.
  • the first component S1 includes the first lens 11, the second component S2 includes the second lens 12, the third component S3 includes the third lens 13 and the fourth lens 14, and the fourth component S4 includes the fifth lens.
  • Lens 15, each lens is arranged coaxially.
  • the fourth lens 14 is made of glass, and the first lens 11, the second lens 11, the third lens 13, and the fifth lens 15 are all plastic.
  • the first lens 11 has a positive refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the second lens 12 has a negative refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial, and its image side is convex on the proximal axis.
  • the axis is concave;
  • the third lens 13 has positive refractive power, its object side is concave on the paraxial, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the fourth lens 14 has positive refractive power;
  • the fifth lens 15 has negative refractive power, which The object side surface is convex on the paraxial axis, and the image side surface is concave on the paraxial axis.
  • the design parameters of the optical lens 10 of the seventh embodiment of the present application are as shown in Table 25, and the meanings of the parameters refer to the related description of the fourth embodiment.
  • Table 26 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of the present application, as shown in Table 26.
  • Table 27 shows the radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each component lens of the optical lens 100 in the seventh embodiment of the present application, and the meaning of each symbol in the table refers to the related description of the fourth embodiment.
  • Table 27 The radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each lens element of the optical lens 10 of the seventh embodiment
  • Table 28 shows the aspheric coefficients of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment, and the meaning of each symbol in the table refers to the related description of the fourth embodiment.
  • the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14 and the fifth lens 15 of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment can be designed.
  • the different lenses of the optical lens 10 obtained through the above-mentioned parameter design can play different roles, so that the optical lens 10 with good imaging quality can be obtained through the cooperation of the lenses.
  • the first lens 11 has a higher refractive index, which can better converge light and correct chromatic aberration;
  • the second lens 12 can compress the exit angle of the aperture diaphragm, and the third lens
  • the lens 13 and the fourth lens 14 can play the role of spreading light to a larger image surface, and the fifth lens 15 can play the role of correcting the curvature of field and astigmatism of the optical system.
  • each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • 29-31 are characterization diagrams of the optical performance of the optical lens 10 of the seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 29 shows the axial aberrations of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the seventh embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 29 represents the normalized pupil coordinates, and the abscissa represents the aberration in the axial direction, and the unit is millimeters. It can be seen from FIG. 29 that, in this embodiment, the axial aberration is controlled within a small range.
  • the implementation in FIG. 30 shows the lateral chromatic aberration of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the seventh embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 30 represents the angle of the field of view, in degrees (°), and the abscissa is in the diffraction limit range, in micrometers ( ⁇ m).
  • the dotted line in FIG. 30 indicates the diffraction limit range of the optical lens 10.
  • the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the seventh embodiment is within the diffraction limit, that is, the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the seventh embodiment is basically not correct.
  • the imaging quality of the optical lens 10 is affected.
  • FIG. 31 shows a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of light with a wavelength of 555 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the seventh embodiment, which is used to represent the difference between the imaging deformation of the light after passing through the optical lens 10 and the ideal shape.
  • the solid line in the left figure in FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the meridian direction after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10; the dashed line is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the sagittal direction after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10.
  • the right figure in FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram of optical distortion after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10 of the seventh embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that, in this embodiment, the optical system controls the distortion within the range of visual recognition (2% or less is not recognized by the naked eye).
  • the back focal length BFL is 9.6 mm
  • the overall optical length TTL is 16 mm
  • the length of the TTL1 is 6.4 mm.
  • the thickness of the terminal 1000 may be slightly larger than 6.4 mm, that is, the terminal 1000 has a relatively thin thickness while having good imaging quality.
  • FIG. 32 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical lens 10 according to an eighth embodiment of this application.
  • the optical lens 10 has four components, which are the first component S1, the second component S2, the third component S3, and the fourth component S4.
  • the first component S1, the second component The element S2, the third element S3, and the fourth element S4 are arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side.
  • the first component S1, the second component S2, and the fourth component S4 each include one lens
  • the third component S3 includes two lenses.
  • the first component S1 includes the first lens 11
  • the second component S2 includes the second lens 12
  • the third component S3 includes the third lens 13 and the fourth lens 14
  • the fourth component S4 includes the fifth lens.
  • Lens 15 each lens is arranged coaxially.
  • the fifth lens 15 is made of glass, and the first lens 11, the second lens 11, the third lens 13, and the fourth lens 14 are all plastic.
  • the first lens 11 has a positive refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the second lens 12 has a negative refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial, and its image side is convex on the proximal axis.
  • the axis is concave;
  • the third lens 13 has positive refractive power, its object side is concave on the paraxial, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the fourth lens 14 has positive refractive power;
  • the fifth lens 15 has negative refractive power, which The object side surface is convex on the paraxial axis, and the image side surface is concave on the paraxial axis.
  • Table 30 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens 10 in the eighth embodiment of the present application, as shown in Table 30.
  • Table 31 shows the radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each component lens of the optical lens 100 in the eighth embodiment of the present application, and the meaning of each symbol in the table refers to the related description of the fourth embodiment.
  • Table 31 The radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each lens element of the optical lens 10 of the eighth embodiment
  • Table 32 shows the aspheric coefficients of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment, and the meaning of each symbol in the table refers to the related description of the fourth embodiment.
  • the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14 and the fifth lens 15 of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment can be designed.
  • the different lenses of the optical lens 10 obtained through the above-mentioned parameter design can play different roles, so that the optical lens 10 with good imaging quality can be obtained through the cooperation of the lenses.
  • the first lens 11 has a high refractive index, which can better converge light and correct chromatic aberration;
  • the second lens 12 can compress the exit angle of the aperture diaphragm.
  • the lens 13 and the fourth lens 14 can play the role of spreading light to a larger image surface, and the fifth lens 15 can play the role of correcting the curvature of field and astigmatism of the optical system.
  • each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • 33-35 are characterization diagrams of the optical performance of the optical lens 10 of the eighth embodiment.
  • FIG. 33 shows the axial aberrations of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the eighth embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 33 represents the normalized pupil coordinates, and the abscissa represents the aberration in the axial direction, and the unit is millimeters. It can be seen from FIG. 33 that, in this embodiment, the axial aberration is controlled within a small range.
  • the implementation in FIG. 34 shows the lateral chromatic aberration of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the eighth embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 34 represents the angle of the field of view, in degrees (°), and the abscissa is in the diffraction limit range, in micrometers ( ⁇ m).
  • the dotted line in FIG. 34 indicates the diffraction limit range of the optical lens 10.
  • the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the eighth embodiment is within the diffraction limit, that is, the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the eighth embodiment is basically not correct.
  • the imaging quality of the optical lens 10 is affected.
  • FIG. 35 shows a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of light with a wavelength of 555 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the eighth embodiment, which is used to represent the difference between the imaging deformation of the light after passing through the optical lens 10 and the ideal shape.
  • the solid line in the left figure in FIG. 35 is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the meridian direction after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10; the dashed line is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the sagittal direction after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10.
  • the right diagram in FIG. 35 is a schematic diagram of optical distortion after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10 of the eighth embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that, in this embodiment, the optical system controls the distortion within the range of visual recognition (2% or less is not visually recognized).
  • the back focal length BFL is 9.39 mm
  • the overall optical length TTL is 15.65 mm
  • the length of the TTL1 is 6.29 mm.
  • the thickness of the terminal 1000 may be slightly larger than 6.29 mm, which means that the terminal 1000 has a relatively thin thickness while having good imaging quality.
  • FIG. 36 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical lens 10 according to a ninth embodiment of this application.
  • the optical lens 10 has four components, which are the first component S1, the second component S2, the third component S3, and the fourth component S4.
  • the first component S1, the second component The element S2, the third element S3, and the fourth element S4 are arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side.
  • the first component S1 and the second component S2 each include one lens
  • the third component S3 and the fourth component S4 both include two lenses.
  • the first component S1 includes the first lens 11, the second component S2 includes the second lens 12, the third component S3 includes the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, and the fourth component S4 includes the fifth lens.
  • the lens 15, the sixth lens 16, each lens is arranged coaxially.
  • the first lens 11 is made of glass, and the second lens 11, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15, and the sixth lens 16 are all plastic.
  • the first lens 11 has positive refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the second lens 12 has negative refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial, and its image side is convex on the proximal axis.
  • the axis is concave;
  • the third lens 13 has negative refractive power, its object side is concave on the paraxial axis, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the fourth lens 14 has positive refractive power;
  • the fifth lens 15 has positive refractive power;
  • the six lenses 16 have negative refractive power, the object side surface is concave on the paraxial axis, and the image side surface is convex on the paraxial axis.
  • d6 represents the axial thickness of the fifth lens 16.
  • the first lens of the fourth component S4 is the fifth lens 15. Therefore, d S4 refers to the on-axis thickness of the fifth lens 15, R S41 refers to the radius of curvature of the object side of the fifth lens 15, and R S42 refers to The radius of curvature of the image side surface of the fifth lens 15, v5 represents the Abbe number of the fifth lens 15, and v5 is the Abbe number v S4 of the first lens of the fourth component S4.
  • the optical lens 10 of this embodiment includes the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15, and the sixth lens 16, the optical lens 10
  • the sum of the on-axis thickness of each lens in the four components ⁇ d d1+d2+d3+d4+d5+d6.
  • Table 34 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of the present application, as shown in Table 34.
  • Table 35 shows the radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each component lens of the optical lens 100 in the ninth embodiment of the present application, as shown in Table 35.
  • Table 35 The radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each lens element of the optical lens 10 of the ninth embodiment
  • R11 represents the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the sixth lens
  • R12 represents the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the sixth lens
  • d6 represents the axial thickness of the sixth lens
  • a5 represents the image of the fifth lens 15.
  • the axial distance between the side surface and the object side surface of the sixth lens 16 and a6 represents the axial distance between the image side surface of the sixth lens 16 and the object side surface of the infrared filter 30.
  • Table 36 shows the aspheric coefficients of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment, as shown in Table 36.
  • R11 represents the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the sixth lens
  • R12 represents the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the sixth lens 16.
  • Table 36 The meanings of other symbols in Table 36 are the same as those in Table 16.
  • the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15 and the sixth lens 16 of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment can be designed.
  • the different lenses of the optical lens 10 obtained through the above-mentioned parameter design can play different roles, so that the optical lens 10 with good imaging quality can be obtained through the cooperation of the lenses.
  • the first lens 11 has a higher refractive index, which can better converge light and correct chromatic aberration;
  • the second lens 12 can compress the exit angle of the aperture diaphragm, and the third lens
  • the lens 13 and the fourth lens 14 can play a role in spreading light to a larger image surface, and the fifth lens 15 and the sixth lens 16 can play a role in correcting curvature of field and astigmatism of the optical system.
  • each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • FIGS. 37-40 are diagrams illustrating the optical performance of the optical lens 10 of the ninth embodiment.
  • FIG. 37 shows the axial aberrations of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the ninth embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 37 represents the normalized pupil coordinates, and the abscissa represents the aberration in the axial direction, in millimeters. It can be seen from FIG. 37 that in this embodiment, the axial aberration is controlled within a small range.
  • the implementation in FIG. 38 shows the lateral chromatic aberration of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the ninth embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 38 represents the angle of the field of view, in degrees (°), and the abscissa is in the diffraction limit range, in micrometers ( ⁇ m).
  • the dotted line in FIG. 38 indicates the diffraction limit range of the optical lens 10.
  • the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the ninth embodiment is within the diffraction limit, that is, the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the ninth embodiment is basically not correct.
  • the imaging quality of the optical lens 10 is affected.
  • FIG. 39 shows a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of light with a wavelength of 555 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the ninth embodiment, which is used to indicate the difference between the imaging deformation of the light after passing through the optical lens 10 and the ideal shape.
  • the solid line in the left figure in FIG. 39 is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the meridian direction after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10; the dashed line is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the sagittal direction after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10.
  • the diagram on the right in FIG. 39 is a schematic diagram of optical distortion after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10 of the ninth embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that, in this embodiment, the optical system controls the distortion within the range of visual recognition (2% or less is not recognized by the naked eye).
  • the back focal length BFL is 7.838 mm
  • the overall optical length TTL is 15.389 mm
  • the length of the TTL1 is 7.531 mm.
  • the thickness of the terminal 1000 may be slightly larger than 7.531 mm, that is, the terminal 1000 has a relatively thin thickness while having good imaging quality.
  • FIG. 40 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical lens 10 according to a tenth embodiment of this application.
  • the optical lens 10 has four components, which are the first component S1, the second component S2, the third component S3, and the fourth component S4.
  • the first component S1, the second component The element S2, the third element S3, and the fourth element S4 are arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side.
  • the second component S2 and the fourth component S4 each include one lens
  • the first component S1 and the third component S3 include two lenses.
  • the first component S1 includes the first lens 11 and the second lens 12
  • the second component S2 includes the third lens 13
  • the third component S3 includes the fourth lens 14
  • the fifth lens 15, and the fourth component S4 includes a sixth lens 16, and each lens is arranged coaxially.
  • the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 are glued together to form a glued lens (HIG1).
  • the materials of the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 may be the same or different. By gluing the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 together, the range of refractive index and Abbe number of the glued lens can be made larger, so that it is easier to obtain a thinner lens with better performance.
  • the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 are made of double-laminated glass, and the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15, and the sixth lens 16 are made of plastic.
  • the glued lens formed by the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 glued together has positive refractive power.
  • the object side of the first lens 11 is convex on the paraxial and the image side is concave on the paraxial;
  • the third lens 13 has negative refractive power.
  • Its object side surface is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side surface is concave on the paraxial axis;
  • the fourth lens 14 has positive refractive power, its object side surface is concave on the paraxial axis, and its image side surface is convex on the paraxial axis;
  • the fifth lens 15 It has a positive refractive power;
  • the sixth lens 16 has a negative refractive power. Its object side surface is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side surface is concave on the paraxial axis.
  • the first component S1 includes the first lens 11 and the second lens 12
  • the second component S2 includes the third lens 13
  • the third component S3 includes the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15.
  • the fourth component S4 includes a sixth lens 16. Therefore, the first lens of the first component S1 is the first lens 11, the first lens of the second component S2 is the third lens 13, and the first lens of the third component S3 is the fourth lens 14.
  • the first lens of the fourth component S4 is the sixth lens 16. Therefore, d S2 refers to the on-axis thickness d3 of the third lens 13, d S3 refers to the on-axis thickness d4 of the fourth lens 14, and d S4 refers to the on-axis thickness d6 of the sixth lens 16.
  • R S21 refers to the radius of curvature of the object side of the third lens 13
  • R S22 refers to the radius of curvature of the image side of the third lens 13
  • R S31 refers to the radius of curvature of the object side of the fourth lens 14
  • R S32 refers to the first The radius of curvature of the image side surface of the four lenses 14
  • R S41 refers to the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the sixth lens
  • R S42 refers to the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the sixth lens 16.
  • v3 represents the Abbe number of the third lens 13
  • v3 is the Abbe number v S2 of the first lens of the second component S2.
  • v4 represents the Abbe number of the fourth lens 14, and v4 is the Abbe number v S3 of the first lens of the third component S3.
  • v6 represents the Abbe number of the sixth lens 16, and v6 is the Abbe number v S4 of the first lens of the fourth component S4.
  • Table 38 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens 10 in the tenth embodiment of the present application, as shown in Table 38.
  • Table 39 shows the radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each component lens of the optical lens 100 in the tenth embodiment of the present application, as shown in Table 39.
  • Table 39 The radius of curvature, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of each lens element of the optical lens 10 of the tenth embodiment
  • the curvature radius R2 of the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the object side surface of the second lens 12 is the same.
  • the on-axis distance a1 between the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the object side surface of the second lens 12 is 0, so it is not shown in the table.
  • Table 40 shows the aspheric coefficients of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment, as shown in Table 40.
  • the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15 and the sixth lens 16 of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment can be designed.
  • the different lenses of the optical lens 10 obtained through the above-mentioned parameter design can play different roles, so that the optical lens 10 with good imaging quality can be obtained through the cooperation of the lenses.
  • the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 can better converge light and correct chromatic aberration.
  • bonding the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 to form a double cemented lens can make the range of the refractive index and Abbe number of the cemented lens larger, so that it is easier to obtain a thinner and better-performing lens. .
  • the third lens 13 can play the role of compressing the light exit angle of the aperture stop
  • the fourth lens 14 and the fifth lens 15 can play the role of spreading light to a larger image surface
  • the sixth lens 16 can play a corrective optical system.
  • the role of curvature of field and astigmatism It should be noted that only the role played by each lens in this embodiment is given here. In other embodiments of the present application, each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • each lens can play other roles, which is not limited here.
  • 41-43 are characterization diagrams of the optical performance of the optical lens 10 of the tenth embodiment.
  • FIG. 41 shows the axial aberrations of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the tenth embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 41 represents the normalized pupil coordinates, and the abscissa represents the aberration in the axial direction, and the unit is millimeters. It can be seen from FIG. 41 that in this embodiment, the axial aberration is controlled within a small range.
  • the implementation in FIG. 42 shows the lateral chromatic aberration of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the tenth embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 42 represents the angle of the field of view, in degrees (°), and the abscissa is in the diffraction limit range, in micrometers ( ⁇ m).
  • the dotted line in FIG. 42 indicates the diffraction limit range of the optical lens 10.
  • the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the tenth embodiment is within the diffraction limit, that is, the lateral chromatic aberration of light of each wavelength after passing through the optical lens 10 of the tenth embodiment is basically not correct.
  • the imaging quality of the optical lens 10 is affected.
  • FIG. 43 shows a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of light with a wavelength of 555 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of the tenth embodiment, which is used to represent the difference between the imaging deformation of the light after passing through the optical lens 10 and the ideal shape.
  • the solid line in the left figure in FIG. 43 is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the meridian direction after 555nm light passes through the optical lens 10; the dashed line is a schematic diagram of field curvature in the sagittal direction after 555nm light passes through the optical lens 10.
  • the diagram on the right in FIG. 43 is a schematic diagram of optical distortion after 555 nm light passes through the optical lens 10 of the tenth embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that, in this embodiment, the optical system controls the distortion within the range of visual recognition (2% or less is not recognized by the naked eye).
  • the back focal length BFL is 9.4 mm
  • the overall optical length TTL is 15.932 mm
  • the length of TTL1 is 6.53 mm.
  • the thickness of the terminal 1000 may be slightly larger than about 6.53 mm, that is, the terminal 1000 has a relatively thin thickness while having good imaging quality.

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Abstract

一种光学镜头（10）、镜头模组（100）和终端（1000）。光学镜头（10）自物侧至像侧依次包括第一组元（S1），第二组元（S2），第三组元（S3）及第四组元（S4），每个组元包括至少一片镜片；光学镜头（10）满足下列关系式：9.08≤BFL≤11.745、0.6≤BFL/TTL≤0.67，使光学镜头（10）能够获得较长的后焦长度BFL，实现光学镜头（10）的长焦拍摄。并且，光学镜头（10）的多片镜片的轴上厚度TTL1较小，进而使得包括光学镜头（10）的终端（1000）的厚度也可以较薄。

Description

光学镜头、镜头模组和终端
本申请要求于2020年5月6日提交中国专利局，申请号为202010380470.0、申请名称为“光学镜头、镜头模组和终端”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施方式涉及镜头领域，具体涉及一种光学镜头、镜头模组和终端。
背景技术
目前，为了适用于各种场景下的拍摄，终端中一般会配不同的光学镜头从而实现不同场景下的使用。例如，一些终端中配置有长焦镜头以实现长焦拍摄。但是，为了实现更好的长焦拍摄效果，光学镜头中的镜片的数量增加、镜片的厚度也会增加，从而使得光学镜头的厚度增加。而光学镜头的厚度往往为限制终端薄型化发展的主要因素，因此，如何在实现光学镜头的长焦效果的同时，减薄光学镜头的厚度成为研究的热点问题。
发明内容
本申请实施方式提供一种光学镜头、包括所述光学镜头的镜头模组、以及包括所述镜头模组的终端，旨在实现良好的成像效果的同时，获得一种具有长焦效果、且镜片厚度较小的光学镜头及镜头模组，以及一种厚度较小的终端。
第一方面，提供了一种光学镜头。所述光学镜头包括多个组元，所述多个组元包括自物侧至像侧排列的第一组元、第二组元、第三组元及第四组元，每个所述组元包括至少一片镜片，所述第一组元具有正屈折力，所述第二组元具有负屈折力，每个镜片包括朝向所述物侧的物侧面以及朝向所述像侧的像侧面，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
9.08≤BFL≤11.745；
0.6≤BFL/TTL≤0.67；
其中，BFL为所述光学镜头的后焦长度，即光学镜头中最靠近像侧的镜片至光学镜头的成像面的距离；TTL为所述光学镜头的光学总长，即从光学镜头最靠近物侧的镜片的物侧面至成像面的总长度。
需要说明的是，本申请实施方式中以镜片为界，被摄物体所在的一侧为物侧，镜片朝向物侧的表面可以称为物侧面；以镜片为界，被摄物体经镜头成像后所得的图像所在的一侧为像侧，镜片朝向像侧的表面可以称为像侧面。
本申请实施方式中，光学镜头的后焦长度(Back Focal Length，BFL)、光学总长(Total Track Length，TTL)满足上述关系式时，光学镜头能够具有较长的后焦长度(BFL)。光学镜头的厚度受光学镜头中多片镜片的轴上厚度(TTL1)的影响，光学镜头中多片镜片的轴上厚度越大，则光学镜头的厚度越大。其中，多片镜片的轴上厚度是指多片镜片中最靠近物侧的镜片的物侧面至最靠近像侧的镜片的像侧面的轴上距离。即多片镜片的轴上厚度为光学镜头的光学总长与光学镜头的后焦长度的差值。本申请中，由于光学镜头能够具有较长的后焦长度(BFL)，因而光学镜头中多片镜片的轴上厚度(TTL1)较小，进而使得光学镜头能够具有较小的厚度。由于光学镜头的厚度为限制终端薄型化发展的主要因素， 本申请中通过使得光学镜头的厚度较小，从而使得包括该光学镜头的终端也能够具有比较薄的厚度，实现包括该光学镜头的终端的薄型化。
一些实施方式中，所述第一组元的第一片镜片具有正屈折力，所述第一组元的第一片镜片的物侧面于近轴为凸面，所述第一组元的第一片镜片的像侧面于近轴为凸面或凹面，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
0.432≤f S1/f≤0.689；
其中，所述第一组元的第一片镜片为所述第一组元中最靠近所述光学镜头的物侧的所述镜片，f S1为所述第一组元的第一片镜片的焦距，f为所述光学镜头的总焦距。
本实施方式中，规定了第一组元的第一片镜片与光学镜头的焦距之比的范围，表示第一组元的第一片镜片的聚光能力，使得光学镜头内能够具有充足的入光量，从而获得良好的拍照效果。并且，本实施方式中，第一组元的第一片镜片与光学镜头的焦距之比满足上述关系式时，能够有利于矫正光学镜头的色差，以使光学镜头能够得到更好的成像。本实施方式中，根据上述关系式规定的第一组元的第一片镜片与光学镜头的焦距之比，能够便于第一组元的第一片镜片与其它镜片配合以得到所需的光学镜头，以使光学镜头具有长后焦的效果以及薄的厚度。
一些实施方式中，所述第一组元的第一片镜片满足下列关系式：
-0.345≤R S11/R S12＜0，或0＜R S11/R S12≤0.348；
0.2≤d S1/∑d≤0.4；
其中，R S11为所述第一组元的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径，R S12为所述第一组元的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径，d S1为所述第一组元的第一片镜片，∑d为所述多个组元中的每片镜片的轴上厚度的总和。
根据上述规定的第一组元的第一片镜片的物侧面与像侧面的曲率半径之比，表示了第一组元的第一片镜片的像侧面和物侧面的凹凸程度，以使第一组元的第一片镜片的焦距与光学镜头的焦距满足上述关系式。并且，根据上述规定的第一组元的第一片镜片的物侧面与像侧面的曲率半径之比，能够尽量的减小第一组元的第一片镜片的厚度，进而减小光学镜头的厚度。上述关系式还规定了通过控制第一组元的第一片镜片的轴上厚度与各镜片的轴上厚度之和的比例，能够限制镜片形状，保证合理的镜片厚度。并且，通过使得第一组元的第一片镜片的厚度满足上述关系式，能够使得所述实现第一组元的第一片镜片的焦距与光学镜头的焦距满足上述关系式。
一些实施方式中，所述第二组元的第一片镜片具有负屈折力，所述第二组元的第一片镜片的物侧面于近轴为凸面，所述第二组元的第一片镜片的像侧面于近轴为凹面，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
-7.559≤f S2/f≤-0.494；
其中，所述第二组元的第一片镜片为所述第二组元中最靠近所述光学镜头的物侧的所述镜片，f S2为所述第二组元的第一片镜片的焦距，f为所述光学镜头的总焦距。
上述关系式规定了第二组元的第一片镜片与光学镜头的焦距之比的范围，表示第二组元的第一片镜片的聚光能力，有利于压缩孔径光阑光线出射角度，以使光学镜头能够得到更好的成像。并且，本实施方式中，根据上述关系式规定的第二组元的第一片镜片与光学镜头的焦距之比，能够便于第二组元的第一片镜片与其它镜片配合以得到所需的光学镜头，以使光学镜头具有长后焦的效果以及薄的厚度。
一些实施方式中，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
1＜R S21/R S22≤3；
0.1≤d S2/∑d≤0.2；
其中，R S21为所述第二组元的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径，R S22为所述第二组元的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径，d S2为所述第二组元的第一片镜片的轴上厚度，∑d为所述多个组元中的每片镜片的轴上厚度的总和。
根据上述规定的第二组元的第一片镜片的物侧面与像侧面的曲率半径之比，表示了第二组元的第一片镜片的像侧面和物侧面的凹凸程度，以使第二组元的第一片镜片的焦距与光学镜头的焦距满足上述关系式。并且，根据上述规定的第二组元的第一片镜片的物侧面与像侧面的曲率半径之比，能够尽量的减小第二组元的第一片镜片的厚度，进而减小光学镜头的厚度。上述关系式还规定了通过控制第二组元的第一片镜片的轴上厚度与各镜片的轴上厚度之和的比例，能够限制镜片形状，保证合理的镜片厚度。并且，通过使得第二组元的第一片镜片的厚度满足上述关系式，能够使得所述实现第二组元的第一片镜片的焦距与光学镜头的焦距满足上述关系式。
一些实施方式中，所述第三组元的第一片镜片具有正或负屈折力，所述所述第三组元的第一片镜片的物侧面于近轴为凸或凹面，所述第三组元的第一片镜片的像侧面于近轴为凸面所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
-15.2≤f S3/f≤7.3；
其中，所述第三组元的第一片镜片为所述第三组元中最靠近所述光学镜头的物侧的所述镜片，f S3为所述第三组元的第一片镜片的焦距，f为所述光学镜头的总焦距。
上述关系式规定了第三组元的第一片镜片与光学镜头的焦距之比的范围，表示第三组元的第一片镜片的聚光能力，有利于将光线扩散至更大像面，从而使得光学镜头能够拍摄获得更大的像面，从而提高成像质量。本实施方式中，根据上述关系式规定的第三组元的第一片镜片与光学镜头的焦距之比，能够便于第三组元的第一片镜片与其它镜片配合以得到所需的光学镜头，以使光学镜头具有长后焦的效果以及薄的厚度。
一些实施方式中，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
0.66≤R S31/R S32<1.0；
0.1≤d S3/∑d≤0.3；
其中，R S31为所述第三组元的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径，R S32为所述第三组元的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径，d S3为所述第三组元的第一片镜片的轴上厚度，∑d为所述多个组元中的每片镜片的轴上厚度的总和。
根据上述规定的第三组元的第一片镜片的物侧面与像侧面的曲率半径之比，表示了第三组元的第一片镜片的像侧面和物侧面的凹凸程度，以使第三组元的第一片镜片的焦距与光学镜头的焦距满足上述关系式。并且，根据上述规定的第三组元的第一片镜片的物侧面与像侧面的曲率半径之比，能够尽量的减小第三组元的第一片镜片的厚度，进而减小光学镜头的厚度。上述关系式还规定了通过控制第三组元的第一片镜片的轴上厚度与各镜片的轴上厚度之和的比例，能够限制第三组元的第一片镜片的形状，保证合理的镜片厚度。并且，通过使得第三组元的第一片镜片的厚度满足上述关系式，能够使得所述实现第三组元的第一片镜片的焦距与光学镜头的焦距满足上述关系式。
一些实施方式中，所述第四组元的第一片镜片具有正或负屈折力，所述第四组元的第 一片镜片物侧面于近轴为凸或凹面，所述第四组元的第一片镜片像侧面于近轴为凸或凹面所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
-28≤f S4/f≤8；
其中，所述第四组元的第一片镜片为所述第四组元中最靠近所述光学镜头的物侧的所述镜片，f S4为所述第四组元的第一片镜片的焦距，f为所述光学镜头的总焦距。
上述关系式规定了第四组元的第一片镜片与光学镜头的焦距之比的范围，表示第四组元的第一片镜片的聚光能力，有利于校正光学系统的场曲和像散，以使光学镜头能够得到更好的成像。并且，本实施方式中，根据上述关系式规定的第四组元的第一片镜片与光学镜头的焦距之比，能够便于第四组元的第一片镜片与其它镜片配合以得到所需的光学镜头，以使光学镜头具有长后焦的效果以及薄的厚度。
一些实施方式中，所述第四组元的第一片镜片满足下列关系式：
0.9≤R S41/R S42≤1.8；
0.1≤d S4/∑d≤0.2；
其中，R S41为所述第四组元的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径，R S42为所述第四组元的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径，d S4为所述第四组元的第一片镜片的轴上厚度，∑d为所述多个组元中的每片镜片的轴上厚度的总和。
根据上述规定的第四组元的第一片镜片的物侧面与像侧面的曲率半径之比，表示了第四组元的第一片镜片的像侧面和物侧面的凹凸程度，以使第四组元的第一片镜片的焦距与光学镜头的焦距满足上述关系式。并且，根据上述规定的第四组元的第一片镜片的物侧面与像侧面的曲率半径之比，能够尽量的减小第四组元的第一片镜片的厚度，进而减小光学镜头的厚度。上述关系式还规定了通过控制第四组元的第一片镜片的轴上厚度与各镜片的轴上厚度之和的比例，能够限制镜片形状，保证合理的镜片厚度。并且，通过使得第四组元的第一片镜片的厚度满足上述关系式，能够使得所述实现第四组元的第一片镜片的焦距与光学镜头的焦距满足上述关系式。
一些实施方式中，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
20.9≤v S1-v S2≤36.8；
-2.7≤v S1–v S3≤33.7；
-2.7≤v S1-v S4≤27.2；
其中，v S1为所述第一组元的第一片镜片的阿贝数，v S2为所述第二组元的第一片镜片的阿贝数，v S3为所述第三组元的第一片镜片的阿贝数，v S4为所述第四组元的第一片镜片的阿贝数。
本申请中，不同组元的镜片之间的阿贝数不同，从而导致各组元的镜片具有不同的折射率，使得各镜片能够实现所需的光学效果。根据上述关系式规定的各镜片的阿贝数的差值的范围，使得各片镜片之间能够配合以得到所需的光学镜头，并能够使得光学镜头能够具有较好的成像效果。
一些实施方式中，所述第一组元的第一片镜片的折射率n1满足：1.5≤n1≤1.9。
第一组元的第一片镜片相较于其它的镜片最靠近光学镜头的物侧。由于越靠近物侧的镜片，其承担的调整光路的工作越大，对于光学效果的调整越重要。上述关系式中规定了第一镜片的折射率具有较大的可选择的范围较大，更容易得到较薄且性能较好的镜片，能够使得光学镜头有更好的成像效果，同时也有利于减小光学镜头的多片镜片的轴上厚度。
一些实施方式中，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
0.69≤TTL1/MIC≤0.76；
其中，TTL1为所述光学镜头的多片镜片的轴上厚度，所述MIC为所述光学镜头的最大成像圆直径。
根据上述关系式规定的本实施方式的光学镜头的多片镜片的轴上厚度与光学镜头的最大成像圆直径的比值范围，使得本申请的光学镜头能够具有较大的像高，从而能够获得更好的成像效果。
一些实施方式中，所述镜片中的至少一片所述镜片为玻璃镜片。一般的镜片多为塑料镜片或者其它的复合镜片。本实施方式中，多片镜片中的至少包括一片玻璃镜片。玻璃材质的镜片的折射率的可选择范围相对于塑料镜片的折射率的可选择范围较大，从而更容易得到较薄但性能较好的镜片，有利于减小光学镜头的多片镜片的轴上厚度，从而实现光学镜头的薄型化。
第二方面，本申请提供一种镜头模组，其特征在于，包括感光元件、驱动部和上述的光学镜头，所述感光元件位于所述光学镜头的像侧，所述驱动部用于驱动所述光学镜头靠近或远离所述感光元件。
本申请的所述镜头模组包括所述光学镜头以及感光元件，并使得光学镜头能够靠近或远离所述感光元件。当镜头工作时，能够移动光学镜头远离感光元件，使得感光元件位于光学镜头的成像面上，从而能够进行拍摄；当镜头模组不工作时移动所述光学镜头，并使得光学镜头中的镜片靠近感光元件，即使得多片镜片中至少部分位于光学镜头工作时的后焦位置，此时，镜头模组的厚度可以约为光学镜头的厚度与感光元件的厚度之和。相较于一般的镜头模组的厚度(一般模组的镜头厚度需要包括光学镜头的厚度、感光元件的厚度以及后焦长度)来说，镜头模组的厚度大大的减小，并且主要决定于光学镜头的厚度。光学镜头的厚度主要决定于光学镜头中多片镜片的轴上厚度(TTL1)，本申请中多片镜片的轴上厚度(TTL1)较小，从而进一步的减小镜头模组的厚度。并且，本申请中，光学镜头具有较大的后焦长度，从而在实现镜头模组能够具有较薄的厚度的同时，使得镜头模组能够实现长焦拍摄的效果。
第三方面，本申请提供一种终端。所述终端包括图像处理器和所述镜头模组，所述图像处理器与所述镜头模组通信连接，所述镜头模组用于获取图像数据并将所述图像数据输入到所述图像处理器中，所述图像处理器用于对输出其中的所述图像数据进行处理。
当在终端中应用所述镜头模组时，能够在镜头模组不工作时移动所述光学镜头，并使得光学镜头中的镜片靠近感光元件，即使得多片镜片中至少部分位于光学镜头工作时的后焦位置，此时，终端的厚度可以约光学镜头加上感光元件的厚度。由于本申请的光学镜头的厚度较小，即所述终端的厚度可以较小。并且，本申请实施方式的镜头模组能够实现长焦拍摄的效果，使得本申请的终端能够有在长焦拍摄的场景下进行使用。
附图说明
图1是一种终端的结构示意图。
图2是另一种终端的结构示意图。
图3a是本申请实施方式的镜头模组的分解示意图。
图3b是本申请一实施方式的镜头模组的结构示意图。
图4是本申请第一实施方式的光学镜头的部分结构示意图。
图5是本申请第一实施方式的光学镜头的轴向色差示意图。
图6是本申请第一实施方式的光学镜头的横向色差示意图。
图7是本申请第一实施方式的光学镜头的场曲和光学畸变示意图。
图8是本申请第二实施方式的光学镜头的部分结构示意图。
图9是本申请第二实施方式的光学镜头的轴向色差示意图。
图10是本申请第二实施方式的光学镜头的横向色差示意图。
图11是本申请第二实施方式的光学镜头的场曲和光学畸变示意图。
图12是本申请第三实施方式的光学镜头的部分结构示意图。
图13是本申请第三实施方式的光学镜头的轴向色差示意图。
图14是本申请第三实施方式的光学镜头的横向色差示意图。
图15是本申请第三实施方式的光学镜头的场曲和光学畸变示意图。
图16是本申请第四实施方式的光学镜头的部分结构示意图。
图17是本申请第四实施方式的光学镜头的轴向色差示意图。
图18是本申请第四实施方式的光学镜头的横向色差示意图。
图19是本申请第四实施方式的光学镜头的场曲和光学畸变示意图。
图20是本申请第五实施方式的光学镜头的部分结构示意图。
图21是本申请第五实施方式的光学镜头的轴向色差示意图。
图22是本申请第五实施方式的光学镜头的横向色差示意图。
图23是本申请第五实施方式的光学镜头的场曲和光学畸变示意图。
图24是本申请第六实施方式的光学镜头的部分结构示意图。
图25是本申请第六实施方式的光学镜头的轴向色差示意图。
图26是本申请第六实施方式的光学镜头的横向色差示意图。
图27是本申请第六实施方式的光学镜头的场曲和光学畸变示意图。
图28是本申请第七实施方式的光学镜头的部分结构示意图。
图29是本申请第七实施方式的光学镜头的轴向色差示意图。
图30是本申请第七实施方式的光学镜头的横向色差示意图。
图31是本申请第七实施方式的光学镜头的场曲和光学畸变示意图。
图32是本申请第八实施方式的光学镜头的部分结构示意图。
图33是本申请第八实施方式的光学镜头的轴向色差示意图。
图34是本申请第八实施方式的光学镜头的横向色差示意图。
图35是本申请第八实施方式的光学镜头的场曲和光学畸变示意图。
图36是本申请第九实施方式的光学镜头的部分结构示意图。
图37是本申请第九实施方式的光学镜头的轴向色差示意图。
图38是本申请第九实施方式的光学镜头的横向色差示意图。
图39是本申请第九实施方式的光学镜头的场曲和光学畸变示意图。
图40是本申请第十实施方式的光学镜头的部分结构示意图。
图41是本申请第十实施方式的光学镜头的轴向色差示意图。
图42是本申请第十实施方式的光学镜头的横向色差示意图。
图43是本申请第十实施方式的光学镜头的场曲和光学畸变示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施方式中的技术方案进行描述。
为方便理解，下面先对本申请所涉及的技术术语进行解释和描述。
焦距(focal length)，也称为焦长，是光学系统中衡量光的聚集或发散的度量方式，指无限远的景物通过镜片或镜片组在成像面结成清晰影像时，镜片或镜片组的光学中心至成像面的垂直距离。对于定焦镜头来说，其光学中心的位置是固定不变的；对于变焦镜头来说，镜头的光学中心的变化带来镜头焦距的变化。
光圈，是用来控制光线透过镜头，进入机身内感光面光量的装置，它通常是在镜头内。表达光圈大小用F/数值表示。
光圈F值，是镜头的焦距/镜头通光直径得出的相对值(相对孔径的倒数)。光圈F值愈小，在同一单位时间内的进光量便愈多。光圈F值越大，景深越小，拍照的背景内容将会虚化，类似长焦镜头的效果。
后焦(Back Focal Length，BFL)，光学镜头中最靠近像侧的镜片至光学镜头的成像面的距离。
正光焦度，也可以称为正屈折力，表示镜片有正的焦距、有会聚光线的效果。
负光焦度，也可以称为负屈折力，表示镜片有负的焦距、有发散光线的效果。
光学总长(total track length，TTL)，指从光学镜头最靠近物侧的镜片的物侧面至成像面的总长度，是形成相机高度的主要因素。
焦比F#，焦距除以孔径大小，此数值可知光学系统的进光量。
阿贝数，即色散系数，是光学材料在不同波长下的折射率的差值比，代表材料色散程度大小。
视场角(field of view，FOV)，在光学仪器中，以光学仪器的镜头为顶点，以被测目标的物像可通过镜头的最大范围的两条边缘构成的夹角，称为视场角。视场角的大小决定了光学仪器的视野范围，视场角越大，视野就越大，光学倍率就越小。
光轴，是一条垂直穿过理想镜片中心的光线。与光轴平行的光线射入凸镜片时，理想的凸镜应是所有的光线会聚在镜片后的一点，这个会聚所有光线的一点，即为焦点。
物侧，以镜片为界，待成像景物所在的一侧为物侧。
像侧，以镜片为界，待成像景物的图像所在的一侧为像侧。
物侧面，镜片靠近物侧的表面称为物侧面。
像侧面，镜片靠近像侧的表面称为像侧面。
以镜片为界，被摄物体所在的一侧为物侧，镜片靠近物侧的表面可以称为物侧面；以镜片为界，被摄物体的图像所在的一侧为像侧，镜片靠近像侧的表面可以称为像侧面。
轴向色差，也称为纵向色差或位置色差或轴向像差，一束平行于光轴的光线，在经过镜头后会聚于前后不同的位置，这种像差称为位置色差或轴向色差。这是由于镜头对各个波长的光所成像的位置不同，使得最后成像时不同色的光的像其成像面不能重合，复色光散开形成色散。
横向色差，也称为倍率色差，光学系统对不同色光的放大率的差异称为倍率色差。波长引起光学系统的放大率的变化，像的大小随之变化。
畸变(distortion)，也称为失真，光学系统对物体所成的像相对于物体本身而言的失 真程度。畸变是由于光阑球差的影响，不同视场的主光线通过光学系统后与高斯像面的交点高度不等于理想像高，两者之差就是畸变。因此畸变只改变轴外物点在理想面上的成像位置，使像的形状产生失真，但不影响像的清晰度。
光学畸变(optical distortion)是指光学理论上计算所得到的变形度。
衍射极限(diffraction limit)，是指一个理想物点经光学系统成像，由于衍射的限制，不可能得到理想像点，而是得到一个夫朗和费衍射像。由于一般光学系统的口径都是圆形，夫朗和费衍射像就是所谓的艾里斑。这样每个物点的像就是一个弥散斑，两个弥散斑靠近后就不好区分，这样就限制了系统的分辨率，这个斑越大，分辨率越低。
多片镜片的轴上厚度(TTL1)，是指光学镜头的轴线与第一片镜片的物侧面的交点至光学镜头的轴线与最后一片镜片的像侧面的交点之间的距离。
本申请提供一种终端，终端可以为手机、智能手机、平板电脑、手提电脑、摄像机、录像机、照相机或其他形态的具有拍照或摄像功能的设备。其中，该终端包括有至少一个光学镜头，光学镜头中包括有长焦镜头，从而使得该终端能够实现长焦拍摄的效果。请参阅图1，图1所示为本申请一种实施方式的终端1000的背面示意图。本实施方式中，终端1000为手机。本申请实施方式以终端1000为手机为例进行描述。
终端1000包括镜头模组100以及与镜头模组100通信连接的图像处理器200，镜头模组100用于获取图像数据并将图像数据输入到图像处理器200中，以便图像处理器200对图像数据进行处理。其中，镜头模组100与图像处理器200的通信连接可以包括通过走线等电连接方式进行数据传输，也可以通过耦合等方式实现数据传输。可以理解的是，镜头模组100与图像处理器200还可以通过其它能够实现数据传输的方式实现通信连接。
图像处理器200的功能是通过一系列复杂的数学算法运算，对数字图像信号进行优化处理，最后把处理后的信号传到显示器上。图像处理器200可以是图像处理芯片或数字信号处理芯片(DSP)，它的作用是将感光芯片获得的数据及时快速地传递给中央处理器并刷新感光芯片，因此DSP芯片的好坏，直接影响画面品质(比如色彩饱和度，清晰度等)。
图1所示实施方式中，镜头模组100设于终端1000的背面，为终端1000的后置镜头。可以理解的是，一些实施方式中，镜头模组100还可设于终端1000的正面，作为终端1000的前置镜头。前置镜头及后置镜头均可以用于自拍，也可以用于拍摄者拍摄其他对象。
一些实施方式中，镜头模组100有多个，多个是指为两个或者两个以上。不同的镜头模组的作用可以不同，从而能够满足于不同的拍摄场景下。例如，一些实施方式中，多个镜头模组中包括长焦镜头模组或广角镜头模组，以分别实现长焦拍摄及广角拍摄的作用。图1所示实施方式中，终端1000的后置镜头有两个，两个镜头模组100分别为普通镜头模组以及长焦镜头模。其中，普通镜头模组能够在日常的普通拍摄中进行应用，长焦镜头模组能够在需要进行长焦拍摄的场景下应用。一些实施方式中，多个不同的镜头模组100可以均与图像处理器200进行通信连接，以通过图像处理器200实现对各镜头模组100拍摄得到的图像数据进行处理。
应理解，图1所示实施方式的终端1000的镜头模组100的安装位置仅仅是示意性的，在一些其他的实施方式中，镜头模组100也可以安装于手机上的其他位置，例如镜头模组100可以安装于手机背面的上部中间或右上角。或者，镜头模组100还可以不设置在手机主体上，而设置在相对手机可移动或转动的部件上，例如该部件可以从手机主体上外伸、收回或旋转等，本申请对镜头模组100的安装位置不做任何限定。
请参阅图2，一些实施方式中，终端1000还包括模数转换器(也可称为A/D转换器)300。模数转换器300连接于镜头模组100与图像处理器200之间。模数转换器300用于将镜头模组100产生的信号转换为数字图像信号并传输至图像处理器200，再通过图像处理器200对数字图像信号进行处理，最终通过显示屏或者显示器进行图像或者影像显示。
一些实施方式中，终端1000还包括存储器400，存储器400与图像处理器200通信连接，图像处理器200对图像数字信号加工处理以后再将图像传输至存储器400中，以便于在后续需要查看图像时能够随时从存储中查找图像并在显示屏上进行显示。一些实施方式中，图像处理器200还会对处理后的图像数字信号进行压缩，再存储至存储器400中，以节约存储器400空间。需要说明的是，图2仅为本申请实施方式的结构示意图，其中所示的镜头模组100、图像处理器200、模数转换器300、存储器400的位置结构等均仅为示意。
请参阅图3a，镜头模组100包括光学镜头10以及感光元件20。感光元件20位于光学镜头10的像侧，且当镜头模组100进行工作时，待成像景物通过光学镜头10后在感光元件20上成像。具体的，镜头模组100的工作原理为：被摄景物反射的光线L通过光学镜头10生成光学图像投射到感光元件20的表面，感光元件20将光学图像转为电信号即模拟图像信号S1并将转环得到的模拟图像信号S1传输至模数转换器300，以通过模数转换器300转换为数字图像信号S2给图像处理器200。
感光元件20是一种半导体芯片，表面包含有几十万到几百万的光电二极管，受到光照射时，会产生电荷，通过模数转换器300芯片转换成数字信号。感光元件20可以是电荷耦合元件(charge coupled device，CCD)，也可以是互补金属氧化物导体器件(complementary metal-oxide semiconductor，CMOS)。电荷藕合器件感光元件20CCD使用一种高感光度的半导体材料制成，能把光线转变成电荷，通过模数转换器300芯片转换成数字信号。CCD由许多感光单位组成，通常以百万像素为单位。当CCD表面受到光线照射时，每个感光单位会将电荷反映在组元上，所有的感光单位所产生的信号加在一起，就构成了一幅完整的画面。互补性氧化金属半导体CMOS主要是利用硅和锗这两种元素所做成的半导体，使其在CMOS上共存着带N(带负电)和P(带正电)级的半导体，这两个互补效应所产生的电流即可被处理芯片纪录和解读成影像。
光学镜头10影响成像质量和成像效果，其主要利用镜片的折射原理进行成像，即景物光线通过光学镜头10，在成像面上形成清晰的影像，并通过位于成像面上的感光元件20记录景物的影像。其中，成像面是指景物经过光学镜片10进行成像后的成像所在的平面。光学镜头10包括自物侧至像侧排列的多片组元，每个组元包括有至少一片镜片，通过各组元中镜片的配合形成具有较佳成像效果的影像。其中，物侧是指被摄景物所在侧，像侧是指成像平面所在侧。
本申请中，光学镜头10可以为固定焦距镜头或者变焦镜头。其中，固定焦距镜头即为各个组元中的镜片位置相对固定，从而保证光学镜头10的焦距固定不变。变焦镜头即是指各个组元内的镜片或者各个组元之间的镜片能够进行相对移动，通过移动不同的镜片之间的相对位置，从而改变光学镜头10的焦距。
一些实施方式中，光学镜头10能够相对感光元件20进行轴向移动，以使得光学镜头10靠近或者远离感光元件20。当光学镜头10不工作时，即不需要通过镜头模组100拍摄影像或图片时，光学镜头10能够向感光元件20的方向移动光学镜头10，使得镜片靠近 成像面；当光学镜头10工作时，向远离感光元件20的方向移动光学镜头10至感光元件20位于光学镜头10的成像面上，以进行拍摄工作。图1所示实施方式中，长焦镜头模组的光学镜头10即能够相对感光元件20进行移动。由于该长焦镜头模组具有较长的长后焦，且长焦镜头模组的光学镜头的厚度较小，因此，当长焦镜头模组不需要工作时，长焦镜头的光学镜头10相对感光元件20收缩后，光学镜头10能够基本收容于光学镜头10工作时的后焦空间内，因此，包含该光学镜头10的终端100的厚度基本上与光学镜头10的厚度相同，相较于一般的终端的厚度决定于光学镜头10的厚度以及光学镜头10工作时的后焦长度之和的终端来说，本申请实施方式中的终端100的厚度能够更薄，以实现终端100的薄型化。并且，相对于一般的将长焦镜头模组设置为潜望式的镜头模组来说，光学镜头中不需要设置用于改变光路的折光棱镜或反光镜，从而减低生产工艺难度，简化镜头模组100的结构，节约成本，并能够减小镜头模组占用的空间。并且，本实施方式中，镜头模组100的光路的方向为终端1000的厚度方向，即镜头模组100的镜片的光轴方向为终端1000的厚度方向，因此，相较于潜望式的镜头模组来说，不需要切割镜片以使镜片适应终端的厚度，从而能够提高镜头模组中100的通光量，提高镜头模组100的成像质量。并且，本申请实施方式中，由于镜头模组100的光路方向为终端100的厚度方向，则镜头模组100中的感光元件20所在平面为垂直于终端100的厚度方向，相对于将感光元件20所在的平面方向与终端的厚度方向平行，从而使得感光元件20的大小因为需要适应终端的厚度而较小的潜望式镜头模组来说，本实施方式的镜头模组100的感光元件20的尺寸可以更大，从而使得镜头模组100能够有更好的成像质量，并且，在镜头模组100抖动的影响下，成片率也能够较高。
可以理解的是，当光学镜头10的为变焦镜头，改变光学镜头10的焦距时，相应的使光学镜头10相对感光元件20进行轴向移动，能够保证在光学镜头10在任意的焦距下均能够较好的成像。
请参阅图3b，一些实施方式中，镜头模组100包括驱动部40。驱动部40包括一个或者多个驱动件，能够通过驱动部40的驱动件驱动光学镜头10进行对焦和/或光学防抖，和/或通过驱动部40驱动光学镜头10相对感光元件20轴向移动，使得在不使用光学镜头10时，能够将镜片组以靠近感光元件20；当需要使用光学镜头10进行拍摄时，能够将镜片组推离感光元件20至一定位置以进行拍摄。驱动部40驱动光学元件进行对焦时，驱动件驱动光学镜头10的各镜片之间进行相对移动从而实现对焦。驱动部40驱动光学元件进行防抖时，通过驱动光学镜头10相对感光元件20移动或者转动，和/或驱动光学镜头10内的各镜片相对移动或者转动，以实现光学防抖。其中，驱动部40可以为马达、电机等驱动结构。
一些实施方式中，镜头模组100还包括固定基座50(holder)、红外滤光片30、线路板60等结构。光学镜头10还包括镜筒10a，光学镜头10的各个组元的镜片固定于镜筒10a内，且固定于镜筒10a内的镜片同轴设置。
感光元件20通过键合或者贴片等方式固定于线路板60上，并将模数转换器300、图像处理器200、存储器400等也键合或者贴片等方式固定于线路板60上，从而通过线路板60实现感光元件20、模数转换器300、图像处理器200、存储器400等之间的通信连接。一些实施方式中，固定基座固定于线路板60上。线路板60可以是柔性电路板(flexible printed circuit，FPC)或印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)，用于传输电信号，其 中，FPC可以是单面柔性板、双面柔性板、多层柔性板、刚柔性板或混合结构的柔性电路板等。对于镜头模组100包括的其他元件在此不再一一详述。
一些实施方式中，红外滤光片30可以固定于线路板60上，并位于光学镜头10与感光元件20之间。经光学镜头10的光线照射至红外滤光片30上，并经红外滤光片30传输至感光元件20。红外滤光片可以消除投射到感光元件20上的不必要的光线，防止感光元件20产生伪色或波纹，以提高其有效分辨率和彩色还原性。一些实施方式中，红外滤光片30也可以固定于光学镜头10朝向像侧的一端上。
一些实施方式中，固定基座50固定于线路板60上，光学镜头10、红外滤光片30及感光元件20均收容于固定基座50内，且感光元件20、红外滤光片30及光学镜头10依次层叠于线路板60的上方，从而使得经光学镜头10的光线能够照射至红外滤光片30上，并经红外滤光片30传输至感光元件20。光学镜头10的镜筒10a与固定基座50连接并能够相对固定基座50进行移动，从而改变光学镜头10与感光元件20之间的距离。具体的，本申请一些实施方式中，所述固定基座50包括固定筒51，固定筒51的内壁设有内螺纹，镜筒10a的外壁设有外螺纹，镜筒10a与固定筒51进行螺纹连接。通过驱动部40的驱动件驱动镜筒10a旋转，从而使得镜筒10a相对固定筒51产生轴向方向的移动，使得光学镜头10的镜片靠近或远离感光元件20。可以理解的是，镜筒10a还可以以其它的方式与固定基座50连接，并实现相对固定基座50的移动。例如，镜筒10a与固定基座50之间通过滑轨进行连接。一些实施方式中，光学镜头10的各镜片设于镜筒10a内，并能够相对镜筒10a进行移动，使得不同的镜片之间能够相对移动，从而进行调焦。
本申请实施方式中，由于镜头模组100不进行工作时，光学镜头10能够移动至镜片靠近感光元件20，使得终端1000的厚度可以约为光学镜头10的厚度(即光学镜头10轴向方向的尺寸)加感光元件20的厚度，因此，通过尽量的缩短光学镜头10的厚度能够使得终端1000具有更薄的厚度。而多片镜片的轴上厚度(TTL1)基本决定了光学镜头10的厚度，因此，可以通过调整光学镜片的后焦长度(BFL)以及光学镜片的多片镜片的轴上厚度(TTL1)，以延长后焦长度(BFL)以及缩短光学镜头10的多片镜片的轴上厚度(TTL1)，从而减薄所述光学镜头10的厚度，最终实现终端1000的厚度的减薄。
本申请一些实施方式中，本申请的光学镜头10的多个组元包括第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4，每个组元内包括至少一片镜片。各组元内的各镜片同轴设置，每片镜片包括朝向物侧的物侧面以及朝向像侧的像侧面。可以理解的是，本申请的各片镜片均为具有正屈折力或负屈折力的镜片，当在镜片之间插入平面镜时，平面镜不算作为本申请的光学镜头10的镜片。例如，当第一组元S1内具有第一镜片及第二镜片两片镜片，当在第一镜片与第二镜片之间插入平面镜时，第一组元S1不能算作有三片镜片，平面镜不能算作第一组元S1的第三镜片。
本申请中，光学镜头10满足下列关系式：
9.08≤BFL≤11.745；
0.6≤BFL/TTL≤0.67；
其中，BFL为光学镜头10的后焦长度，TTL为光学镜头10的光学总长。
本申请实施方式中，光学镜头10的后焦长度(Back Focal Length，BFL)、光学总长(Total Track Length，TTL)满足上述关系式时，光学镜头10能够具有较长的后焦长度(BFL)。光学镜头10的厚度受光学镜头中多片镜片的轴上厚度(TTL1)的影响，光学 镜头10中多片镜片的轴上厚度越大，则光学镜头10的厚度越大。其中，多片镜片的轴上厚度是指光学镜头10多片镜片中最靠近物侧的镜片的物侧面至最靠近像侧的镜片的像侧面的轴上距离。即多片镜片的轴上厚度为光学镜头10的光学总长与光学镜头的后焦长度的差值。本申请中，由于光学镜头10能够具有较长的后焦长度(BFL)，因而光学镜头10中多片镜片的轴上厚度(TTL1)较小，进而使得光学镜头10能够具有较小的厚度。由于光学镜头10的厚度为限制终端1000薄型化发展的主要因素，本申请中通过使得光学镜头10的厚度较小，从而使得包括该光学镜头10的终端1000也能够具有比较薄的厚度，实现包括该光学镜头10的终端的薄型化。
具体的，本实施方式中，光学镜头10的后焦长度BFL满足：9.08mm≤BFL≤11.745mm，远大于一般的光学镜头10的后焦长度(一般小于6mm)，从而使得包括该光学镜头10的镜头模组100能够实现较好的长焦拍摄效果。光学镜头10的后焦长度与光学镜头10的光学总长满足关系式：0.6≤BFL/TTL≤0.67，即光学镜头10的后焦长度占据光学镜头10的光学总长的比例较高，从而光学镜头10中多片镜片的轴上厚度相对来说更小，光学镜头10的镜头厚度能够较小，进而使得包括该光学镜头10的终端的厚度较小。
本申请中，光学镜头10的不同组元(包括第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3及第四组元S4)具有不同的光学性能，通过不同光学性能的组元之间的配合，从而实现光学镜头10的长后焦以及小的厚度，并使得光学镜头10具有较好的成像效果。本申请一些实施方式中，第一组元S1具有正屈折力，主要用于聚集光线和校正色差，使得光学镜头10能够获得更好的拍摄效果；第二组元S2具有负屈折力，主要用于压缩孔径光阑光线出射角度，以使光学镜头10能够获得更大的光圈；第三组元S3具有正屈折力或者负屈折力，主要用于将光线扩散至更大像面，从而获得更大的像高；第四组元S4具有正屈折力或者负屈折力，主要用于校正光学系统的场曲和像散，以获得更高质量的成像。
本申请中，为了使得各组元能够得到所需的光学性能，并使各组元之间相互配合以使得光学镜头10的长后焦以及小的厚度，并使得光学镜头10具有较好的成像效果，各个组元内的各镜片具有不同的光学性能。
本申请一些实施方式中，第一组元S1的第一片镜片具有正屈折力，所述第一组元S1的第一片镜片的物侧面于近轴为凸面，所述第一组元S1的第一片镜片的像侧面于近轴为凸面或凹面，所述光学镜头10满足下列关系式：
0.432≤f S1/f≤0.689；
其中，所述第一组元S1的第一片镜片为所述第一组元S1中最靠近所述光学镜头10的物侧的所述镜片，f S1为所述第一组元S1的第一片镜片的焦距，f为所述光学镜头10的总焦距。
本实施方式中，规定了第一组元S1的第一片镜片与光学镜头10的焦距之比的范围，表示第一组元S1的第一片镜片的聚光能力，使得光学镜头10内能够具有充足的入光量，从而获得良好的拍照效果。并且，本实施方式中，第一组元S1的第一片镜片与光学镜头10的焦距之比满足上述关系式时，能够有利于矫正光学镜头10的色差，以使光学镜头10能够得到更好的成像。本实施方式中，根据上述关系式规定的第一组元S1的第一片镜片与光学镜头10的焦距之比，能够便于第一组元S1的第一片镜片与其它镜片配合以得到所需的光学镜头10，以使光学镜头10具有长后焦的效果以及薄的厚度。
本申请一些实施方式中，所述光学镜头10还满足下列关系式：
-0.345≤R S11/R S12＜0，或0＜R S11/R S12≤0.348；
0.2≤d S1/∑d≤0.4；
其中，R S11为所述第一组元S1的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径，R S12为所述第一组元 S1的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径，d S1为所述第一组元S1的第一片镜片，∑d为所述多个组元中的每片镜片的轴上厚度的总和。
上述关系式规定了第一组元S1的第一片镜片的物侧面与像侧面的曲率半径之比，表示了第一组元S1的第一片镜片的像侧面和物侧面的凹凸程度，以使第一组元S1的第一片镜片的焦距与光学镜头10的总焦距满足上述关系式。并且，根据上述规定的第一组元S1的第一片镜片的物侧面与像侧面的曲率半径之比，能够尽量的减小第一组元S1的第一片镜片的厚度，进而减小光学镜头10的厚度。上述关系式还规定了通过控制第一组元S1的第一片镜片的轴上厚度与各镜片的轴上厚度之和的比例，能够限制镜片形状，保证合理的镜片厚度。
第二组元S2的第一片镜片具有负屈折力，所述第二组元S2的第一片镜片的物侧面于近轴为凸面，所述第二组元S2的第一片镜片的像侧面于近轴为凹面，所述光学镜头10满足下列关系式：
-7.559≤f S2/f≤-0.494；
其中，所述第二组元S2的第一片镜片为所述第二组元S2中最靠近所述光学镜头10的物侧的所述镜片，f S2为所述第二组元S2的第一片镜片的焦距，f为所述光学镜头10的总焦距。
上述关系式规定了第二组元S2的第一片镜片与光学镜头10的焦距之比的范围，表示第二组元S2的第一片镜片的聚光能力，有利于压缩孔径光阑光线出射角度，以使光学镜头10能够得到更好的成像。并且，本实施方式中，根据上述关系式规定的第二组元S2的第一片镜片与光学镜头10的焦距之比，能够便于第二组元S2的第一片镜片与其它镜片配合以得到所需的光学镜头10，以使光学镜头10具有长后焦的效果以及薄的厚度。
光学镜头10还满足下列关系式：
1＜R S21/R S22≤3；
0.1≤d S2/∑d≤0.2；
其中，R S21为所述第二组元S2的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径，R S22为所述第二组元S2的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径，d S2为所述第二组元S2的第一片镜片的轴上厚度，∑d为所述多个组元中的每片镜片的轴上厚度的总和。
根据上述规定的第二组元S2的第一片镜片的物侧面与像侧面的曲率半径之比，表示了第二组元S2的第一片镜片的像侧面和物侧面的凹凸程度，以使第二组元S2的第一片镜片的焦距与光学镜头10的焦距满足上述关系式。并且，根据上述规定的第二组元S2的第一片镜片的物侧面与像侧面的曲率半径之比，能够尽量的减小第二组元S2的第一片镜片的厚度，进而减小光学镜头10的厚度。上述关系式还规定了通过控制第二组元S2的第一片镜片的轴上厚度与各镜片的轴上厚度之和的比例，能够限制镜片形状，保证合理的镜片厚度。并且，通过使得第二组元S2的第一片镜片的厚度满足上述关系式，能够使得所述实现第二组元的第一片镜片的焦距与光学镜头10的焦距满足上述关系式。
所述第三组元S3的第一片镜片具有正或负屈折力，所述所述第三组元S3的第一片镜片的物侧面于近轴为凸或凹面，所述第三组元S3的第一片镜片的像侧面于近轴为凸面所 述光学镜头10满足下列关系式：
-15.2≤f S3/f≤7.3；
其中，所述第三组元S3的第一片镜片为所述第三组元S3中最靠近所述光学镜头10的物侧的所述镜片，f S3为所述第三组元S3的第一片镜片的焦距，f为所述光学镜头10的总焦距。
上述关系式规定了第三组元S3的第一片镜片与光学镜头10的焦距之比的范围，表示第三组元S3的第一片镜片的聚光能力，有利于将光线扩散至更大像面，从而使得光学镜头10能够拍摄获得更大的像面，从而提高成像质量。本实施方式中，根据上述关系式规定的第三组元S3的第一片镜片与光学镜头10的焦距之比，能够便于第三组元S3的第一片镜片与其它镜片配合以得到所需的光学镜头10，以使光学镜头10长后焦的效果以及薄的厚度。
本申请一些实施方式中，光学镜头10还满足下列关系式：
0.66≤R S31/R S32<1.0；
0.1≤d S3/∑d≤0.3；
其中，R S31为所述第三组元S3的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径，R S32为所述第三组元S3的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径，d S3为所述第三组元S3的第一片镜片的轴上厚度，∑d为所述多个组元中的每片镜片的轴上厚度的总和。
上述关系式规定第三组元S3的第一片镜片的物侧面与像侧面的曲率半径之比，表示了第三组元S3的第一片镜片的像侧面和物侧面的凹凸程度，以使第三组元S3的第一片镜片的焦距与光学镜头10的焦距满足上述关系式。并且，根据上述规定的第三组元S3的第一片镜片的物侧面与像侧面的曲率半径之比，能够尽量的减小第三组元S3的第一片镜片的厚度，进而减小光学镜头10的厚度。上述关系式还规定了通过控制第三组元S3的第一片镜片的轴上厚度与各镜片的轴上厚度之和的比例，能够限制第三组元S3的第一片镜片的形状，保证合理的镜片厚度。并且，通过使得第三组元S3的第一片镜片的厚度满足上述关系式，能够使得所述实现第三组元S3的第一片镜片的焦距与光学镜头10的焦距满足上述关系式。
第四组元S4的第一片镜片具有正屈折力，所述第一组元S1的第一片镜片的物侧面于近轴为凸面，所述第一组元S1的第一片镜片的像侧面于近轴为凸面或凹面，所述光学镜头10满足下列关系式：
-28≤f S4/f≤8；
其中，所述第四组元S4的第一片镜片为所述第四组元S4中最靠近所述光学镜头10的物侧的所述镜片，fS4为所述第四组元S4的第一片镜片的焦距，f为所述光学镜头10的总焦距。
上述关系式规定了第四组元S4的第一片镜片与光学镜头10的焦距之比的范围，表示第四组元S4的第一片镜片的聚光能力，有利于校正光学系统的场曲和像散，以使光学镜头10能够得到更好的成像。并且，本实施方式中，根据上述关系式规定的第四组元S4的第一片镜片与光学镜头10的焦距之比，能够便于第四组元S4的第一片镜片与其它镜片配合以得到所需的光学镜头10，以使光学镜头10具有长后焦的效果以及薄的厚度。
光学镜头10还满足下列关系式：
0.9≤R S41/R S42≤1.8；
0.1≤d S4/∑d≤0.2；
其中，R S41为所述第四组元S4的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径，R S42为所述第四组元S4的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径，d S4为所述第四组元S4的第一片镜片的轴上厚度，∑d为所述多个组元中的每片镜片的轴上厚度的总和。
根据上述规定的第四组元S4的第一片镜片的物侧面与像侧面的曲率半径之比，表示了第四组元S4的第一片镜片的像侧面和物侧面的凹凸程度，以使第四组元S4的第一片镜片的焦距与光学镜头的焦距满足上述关系式。并且，根据上述规定的第四组元S4的第一片镜片的物侧面与像侧面的曲率半径之比，能够尽量的减小第四组元S4的第一片镜片的厚度，进而减小光学镜头10的厚度。上述关系式还规定了通过控制第四组元S4的第一片镜片的轴上厚度与各镜片的轴上厚度之和的比例，能够限制镜片形状，保证合理的镜片厚度。并且，通过使得第四组元S4的第一片镜片的厚度满足上述关系式，能够使得所述实现第四组元S4的第一片镜片的焦距与光学镜头10的焦距满足上述关系式。
本申请一些实施方式中，光学镜头10的第一组元S1的第一片镜片与第二组元S2的第一片镜片、第三组元S3的第一片镜片、第四组元S4的第一片镜片之间还满足下列关系式：
20.9≤v S1-v S2≤36.8；
-2.7≤v S1–v S3≤33.7；
-2.7≤v S1-v S4≤27.2；
其中，v S1为所述第一组元S1的第一片镜片的阿贝数，v S2为所述第二组元S2的第一片镜片的阿贝数，v S3为所述第三组元S3的第一片镜片的阿贝数，v S4为所述第四组元S4的第一片镜片的阿贝数。
上述关系式规定了第一组元S1的第一片镜片与第二组元S2的第一片镜片的阿贝数之差的范围、第一组元S1的第一片镜片与第三组元S3的第一片镜片的阿贝数之差的范围、第一组元S1的第一片镜片与第四组元S4的第一片镜片的阿贝数之差的范围。不同组元的镜片之间的阿贝数不同，从而导致各组元的镜片具有不同的折射率，使得各镜片能够实现所需的光学效果。根据上述关系式规定的各镜片的阿贝数的差值的范围，使得各片镜片之间能够配合以得到所需的光学镜头10，并能够使得光学镜头10能够具有较好的成像效果。
本申请的一些实施方式中，光学镜头10的各组元的各片镜片可以为塑料材质、玻璃材质或者其它的复合材料。玻璃材质的镜片的折射率n1的可选择范围相对于塑料镜片的折射率的可选择范围较大，从而更容易得到较薄但性能较好的镜片，有利于减小光学镜头10的多片镜片的轴上厚度TTL1，从而实现光学镜头10的薄型化。
本申请一些实施方式中，光学镜头10的第一组元S1的第一片镜片为玻璃材质，其折射率n1满足:1.5≤n1≤1.9。本实施方式中，第一组元S1的第一片镜片的折射率n1的可选择范围较大，可以容易得到较大，从而能够实现在第一组元S1的第一片镜片厚度较小的情况下，也能够实现较好的聚光效果。由于光学镜头10的越靠近物侧或靠近像侧的镜片，其承担的调整光路的工作越大，对于光学效果的调整越重要。因此，本申请中一些实施方式中，通过将第一镜片11采用玻璃材质制成，可以在尽量少的使用玻璃材质的镜头，得到最佳的拍摄效果。可以理解的是，第一组元S1的第一片镜片也可以为塑料材质或者其它复合材质。
本申请一些实施方式中，光学镜头10还满足：0.69≤TTL1/MIC≤0.76，使得本申请的 光学镜头10能够具有较大的像高，从而能够获得更好的成像效果。其中，TTL1为所述多片镜片的轴上厚度，MIC为所述光学镜头10的最大成像圆直径。
本申请的一些实施方式中，各镜片的像侧面及物侧面均为非球面，且各镜片像侧面及物侧面满足公式：
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000001
其中，x为非球面的矢高，r为非球面的径向坐标，c为非球面顶点球曲率，K为二次曲面常数，a m为非球面系数，u＝r/r max，其中，r max为径向半径坐标最大值。
通过上述关系式，以得到不同的非球面的镜片，使得不同的镜片能够实现不同的光学效果，从而通过各不同的非球面镜片的配合实现良好的拍摄效果。
根据本申请一些实施方式中给定的关系式和范围，通过各组元中各镜片的配置方式和具有特定光学设计的镜片的组合，可以使光学镜头10满足长后焦和较小的光学镜头的厚度的需求，同时还可以获得较高的成像性能。
下面将结合图4至图43更加详细地描述本申请实施方式的一些具体的而非限制性的例子。
请参阅图4，图4所示为本申请第一实施方式的光学镜头10的结构示意图。本实施方式中，光学镜头10的组元为四个，分别为第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4自物侧至像侧依次设置。本实施方式中，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4中均包括一片镜片，各组元中的各片镜片同轴设置。第一组元S1中包括第一镜片11，第一组元S1的第一片镜片即为第一镜片11；第二组元S2中包括第二镜片12，第二组元S2的第一片镜片即为第二镜片12；第三组元S3中包括第三镜片13，第三组元S3的第一片镜片即为第三镜片13；第四组元S4中包括第四镜片14，第四组元S4的第一片镜片即为第四镜片14。
其中，第一镜片11具有正屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第二镜片12具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第三镜片13具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第四镜片14具有正屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面。
本实施方式中，第一镜片11为玻璃材质，第二镜片12、第三镜片13及第四镜片14均为塑料材质。
依据上文的关系式，本申请第一实施方式的设计参数如下表1。
表1第一实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000002
其中，表格中各个符号的含义如下。
R S11：第一组元S1的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径。本实施方式中，由于第一组元S1仅包括第一镜片11，因此，R S11即为第一镜片11的物侧面的曲率半径。
R S12：第一组元S1的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径。本实施方式中，由于第一组元S1仅包括第一镜片11，因此，R S21即为第一镜片11的像侧面的曲率半径。
R S21：第二组元S2的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径。本实施方式中，由于第二组元S2仅包括第二镜片12，因此，R S21即为第二镜片12的物侧面的曲率半径。
R S22：第二组元S2的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径。本实施方式中，由于第二组元S2仅包括第二镜片12，因此，R S22即为第二镜片12的像侧面的曲率半径。
R S31：第三组元S3的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径。本实施方式中，由于第三组元S3仅包括第三镜片13，因此，R S31即为第三镜片13的物侧面的曲率半径。
R S32：第三组元S3的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径。本实施方式中，由于第三组元S3仅包括第三镜片13，因此，R S32即为第三镜片13的像侧面的曲率半径。
R S41：第四组元S4的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径。本实施方式中，由于第四组元S4仅包括第四镜片14，因此，R S41即为第四镜片14的物侧面的曲率半径。
R S42：第四组元S4的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径。本实施方式中，由于第四组元S4仅包括第四镜片14，因此，R S42即为第四镜片14的像侧面的曲率半径。
n1：第一镜片11的折射率。
v1：第一镜片11的阿贝数。本实施方式中，由于第一组元S1仅包括第一镜片11，因此，v1即为第一组元S1的第一片镜片的阿贝数v S1。
v2：第二镜片12的阿贝数。本实施方式中，由于第二组元S2仅包括第二镜片12，因此，v2即为第二组元S2的第一片镜片的阿贝数v S2。
v3：第三镜片13的阿贝数。本实施方式中，由于第三组元S3仅包括第三镜片13，因此，v3即为第三组元S3的第一片镜片的阿贝数v S3。
v4：第四镜片14的阿贝数。本实施方式中，由于第四组元S4仅包括第四镜片14，因此，v4即为第四组元S4的第一片镜片的阿贝数v S4。
f：光学镜头10的总焦距。
f S1：第一组元S1的第一片镜片的焦距。本实施方式中，由于第一组元S1仅包括第一镜片11，因此，f S1即为第一镜片11的焦距。
f S2：第二组元S2的第一片镜片的焦距。本实施方式中，由于第二组元S2仅包括第二镜片12，因此，f S2即为第二镜片12的焦距.
f S3：第三组元S3的第一片镜片的焦距。本实施方式中，由于第三组元S3仅包括第三镜片13，因此，f S3即为第三镜片13的焦距。
f S4：第四组元S4的第一片镜片的焦距。本实施方式中，由于第四组元S4仅包括第四镜片14，因此，f S4即为第四镜片14的焦距.
d1：第一镜片11的轴上厚度。
d2：第二镜片12的轴上厚度。
d3：第三镜片13的轴上厚度。
d4：第四镜片14的轴上厚度。
由于本实施方式的光学镜头10仅包括第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14，因此，光学镜头10中四个组元中的每片镜片的轴上厚度的总和∑d＝d1+d2+d3+d4。
d S1：第一组元S1的第一片镜片的轴上厚度。本实施方式中，由于第一组元S1仅包括第一镜片11，因此，d S1即为第一镜片11的轴上厚度。
d S2：第二组元S2的第一片镜片的轴上厚度。本实施方式中，由于第二组元S2仅包括第二镜片12，因此，d S2即为第二镜片12的轴上厚度。
d S3：第三组元S3的第一片镜片的轴上厚度。本实施方式中，由于第三组元S3仅包括第三镜片13，因此，d S3即为第三镜片13的轴上厚度。
d S4：第四组元S4的第一片镜片的轴上厚度。本实施方式中，由于第四组元S4仅包括第四镜片14，因此，d S4即为第四镜片14的轴上厚度。
TTL1：光学镜头10中多片镜片的轴上厚度，即第一组元S1的最靠近物侧的镜片的物侧面至第四组元S2最靠近像侧的镜片的像侧面的轴上厚度。
MIC：光学镜头10的最大成像圆直径。
需要说明的是，本申请中上述各符号表示的意义除另有说明外，在后续再次出现时表示意思相同，将不再进行赘述。
表2示出了本申请实施方式中光学镜头10的基本参数，如表2所示。
表2第一实施方式的光学镜头10基本参数
焦距f 14.642mm
光圈F值 2.8
半FOV 15°
总体光学长度TTL 15.13mm
设计波长 650nm,610nm,555nm,510nm,470nm
表3示出了本申请第一实施方式中光学镜头100的各个组成镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率和阿贝数，如表3所示。
表3第一实施方式的光学镜头10各个组成镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率、阿贝数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000003
上表中，表格中各个符号的含义如下。
R1：第一镜片11的物侧面的曲率半径。本实施方式中，由于第一组元S1仅包括第一镜片11，因此，R1即为第一组元S1的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径R S11。
R2：第一镜片11的像侧面的曲率半径。本实施方式中，由于第一组元S1仅包括第一镜片11，因此，R1即为第一组元S1的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径R S12。
R3：第二镜片12的物侧面的曲率半径。本实施方式中，由于第二组元S2仅包括第二镜片12，因此，R3即为第二组元S2的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径R S21。
R4：第二镜片12的像侧面的曲率半径。本实施方式中，由于第二组元S2仅包括第二镜片12，因此，R4即为第二组元S2的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径R S22。
R5：第三镜片13的物侧面的曲率半径。本实施方式中，由于第三组元S3仅包括第三镜片13，因此，R5即为第三组元S3的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径R S31。
R6：第三镜片13的像侧面的曲率半径。本实施方式中，由于第三组元S3仅包括第三镜片13，因此，R6即为第三组元S3的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径R S32。
R7：第四镜片14的物侧面的曲率半径。本实施方式中，由于第四组元S4仅包括第四镜片14，因此，R7即为第四组元S4的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径R S41。
R8：第四镜片14的像侧面的曲率半径。本实施方式中，由于第四组元S4仅包括第四镜片14，因此，R6即为第四组元S4的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径R S42。
a1：第一镜片11的像侧面与第二镜片12的物侧面的轴上距离。
a2：第二镜片12的像侧面与第三镜片13的物侧面的轴上距离。
a3：第三镜片13的像侧面与第四镜片14的物侧面的轴上距离。
a4：第四镜片14的像侧面与红外滤光片30的物侧面的轴上距离。
n2：第二镜片12的折射率。
n3：第三镜片13的折射率。
n4：第四镜片14的折射率。
除R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、a1、a2、a3、a4、n2、n3、n4外，表3中其它的符号与表1中相同。需要说明的是，本申请中上述各符号表示的意义除另有说明外，在后续再次出现时表示意思相同，将不再进行赘述。
需要说明的是，曲率半径的正负表示光学面向物侧凸或向像侧凸，光学面(包括物侧面或像侧面)向物侧凸时，该光学面的曲率半径为正值；光学面(包括物侧面或像侧面)向像侧凸时，相当于光学面向物侧面凹，该光学面的曲率半径为负值。
表4示出了本实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数，如表4所示。
表4第一实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数
  类型 K A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
R1 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -1.07E-01 -4.11E-02 -8.13E-03 -6.24E-04 -4.44E-04 -2.73E-05
R2 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 3.56E-02 -3.43E-02 -1.06E-03 -6.14E-05 3.13E-04 -1.20E-04
R3 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -3.69E-01 4.78E-02 -1.39E-02 1.56E-03 4.40E-04 -2.91E-04
R4 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -7.47E-01 4.77E-02 -2.16E-02 6.12E-03 4.28E-05 -7.29E-04
R5 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.06E+00 -2.83E-02 1.68E-02 7.23E-03 -2.02E-03 -2.06E-04
R6 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.06E+00 -1.26E-02 2.47E-02 1.94E-03 -3.99E-03 5.42E-04
R7 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -8.71E-01 -6.11E-02 3.81E-03 -5.05E-03 -1.80E-03 1.43E-05
R8 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -1.19E+00 -4.47E-02 -5.83E-03 -6.10E-03 -3.61E-04 1.07E-03
其中，K为二次曲面常数，A0、A1、A2、A3、A4、A5等符号表示多项式系数。需要说明的是，表格中的各参数为科学计数法表示。例如，-1.07E-01是指-1.07×10 -1；-4.11E-02 是指-4.11×10 -2。需要说明的是，本申请中K、A0、A1、A2、A3、A4、A5等符号在后续再次出现时，除非有另外的解释，否则表示的意思与此处相同，后续不再赘述。
通过将上述参数代入至公式：
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000004
，即能够设计得到本实施方式的光学镜头10的第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14。
本实施方式中，通过上述参数设计得到的光学镜头10的各不同的镜片能够分别起到不同的作用，从而通过各镜片的配合得到具有良好的成像质量的光学镜头10。具体的，本实施方式中，第一镜片11折射率较高，能起到较好的汇聚光线和校正色差的作用；第二镜片12能起到压缩孔径光阑光线出射角度的作用；第三镜片13能起到将光线扩散至更大像面的作用；第四镜片14可以起到校正光学系统的场曲和像散的作用。需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的主要作用，在实际中还能够起到其它的作用。并且，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
图5-图7为第一实施方式的光学镜头10的光学性能的表征图。
具体的，图5示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第一实施方式的光学镜头10后的轴向像差。图5的纵坐标表示的是归一化瞳孔坐标，横坐标表示轴向方向上的像差，单位为毫米。从图5中可以看出，本实施方式中，轴向像差控制在一个很小的范围内。
图6中的实现示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第一实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差。图6的纵坐标表示视场角度，单位为度(°)，横坐标单位为衍射极限范围，单位为微米(μm)。图6中虚线表示光学镜头10的衍射极限范围。从图中可知，各波长的光经过第一实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差基本上在衍射极限内，即各波长的光经过第一实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差基本不会对光学镜头10的成像质量产生影响。
图7示出了波长为555nm的光经过第一实施方式的光学镜头10后的场曲和光学畸变示意图，用于表示光经过光学镜头10后的成像变形与理想形状的差异。其中，图7中左边的图中实线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的子午方向的场曲示意图；虚线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的弧矢方向的场曲示意图。图7中右边的图为555nm的光经过第一实施方式的光学镜头10后的光学畸变示意图。由图可见，本实施方式中，光学系统将畸变控制在肉眼辨识范围内(2％及以下肉眼不可辨识)。
本实施方式中提供的光学镜头10，其后焦长BFL为9.08，总体光学长度TTL为15.13mm，则TTL1的长度为6.05mm。此时，终端1000的厚度可以略大于6.05mm，即使得终端1000具有良好的成像质量的同时，具有较薄的厚度。
请参阅图8，图8所示为本申请第二实施方式的光学镜头10。本实施方式中，光学镜头10的组元为四个，分别为第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3及第四组元S4，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4自物侧至像侧依次设置。本实施方式中，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4中均包括一片镜片。第一组元S1中包括第一镜片11，第二组元S2中包括第二镜片12，第三组元S3中包括第三镜 片13，第四组元S4中包括第四镜片14，各片镜片同轴设置。
其中，第一镜片11具有正屈折力，其其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第二镜片12具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第三镜片13具有正屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第四镜片14具有正屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面。
本实施方式中，第一镜片11为玻璃材质，第二镜片12、第三镜片13及第四镜片14均为塑料材质。
依据上文的关系式，本申请第二实施方式的设计参数如下表5，参数含义参考第一实施方式相关描述。
表5第二实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000005
表6示出了本申请第二实施方式中光学镜头10的基本参数，表格中各符号的含义参考第一实施方式相关描述。
表6第二实施方式的光学镜头10基本参数
焦距f 14.650mm
光圈F值 2.8
半FOV 15°
总体光学长度TTL 15.99mm
设计波长 650nm，610nm，555nm，510nm，470nm
表7示出了本申请第二实施方式中光学镜头100的各个组成镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率和阿贝数，表格中各符号的含义参考第一实施方式相关描述。
表7第二实施方式的光学镜头10各个组成镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率、阿贝数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000006
表8示出了本实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数，表格中各符号的含义参考第一实施方式相关描述。
表8第二实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数
  类型 K A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
R1 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -1.49E+91 5.97E+91 -1.45E+90 8.53E+90 7.32E+90 -2.82E+90
R2 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.16E-02 -2.76E-04 6.91E-06 -7.61E-08 6.51E-08 -3.56E-09
R3 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -1.39E-02 5.65E-06 1.61E-05 1.47E-06 1.58E-07 -1.59E-08
R4 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -5.77E+33 9.26E+32 -1.80E+32 7.99E+31 -2.78E+31 2.04E+31
R5 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -1.07E+02 1.10E+01 3.95E+00 -2.93E+00 2.91E-02 -6.76E-01
R6 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -2.52E+305 5.70E+304 -4.58E+305 -1.02E+306 3.47E+304 -3.03E+303
R7 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -1.57E+29 3.03E+28 -5.69E+27 2.15E+27 -1.08E+27 5.71E+26
R8 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -3.36E+52 6.52E+51 -1.17E+51 5.31E+50 -1.49E+50 8.91E+49
通过将上述参数代入至公式：
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000007
，即能够设计得到本实施方式的光学镜头10的第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14。
本实施方式中，通过上述参数设计得到的光学镜头10的各不同的镜片能够分别起到不同的作用，从而通过各镜片的配合得到具有良好的成像质量的光学镜头10。具体的，本实施方式中，第一镜片11折射率较高，能起到较好的汇聚光线和校正色差的作用；第二镜片12能起到压缩孔径光阑光线出射角度的作用，第三镜片13能起到将光线扩散至更大像面的作用，第四镜片14可以起到校正光学系统的场曲和像散的作用。需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的主要作用，在实际中还能够起到其它的作用。并且，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
图9-图11为第二实施方式的光学镜头10的光学性能的表征图。
具体的，图9示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第二实施方式的光学镜头10后的轴向像差。图9的纵坐标表示的是归一化瞳孔坐标，横坐标表示轴向方向上的像差，单位为毫米。从图9中可以看出，本实施方式中，轴向像差控制在一个很小的范围内。
图10中的实现示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第二实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差。图10的纵坐标表示视场角度，单位为度(°)，横坐标单位为衍射极限范围，单位为微米(μm)。图10中虚线表示光学镜头10的衍射极限范围。从图中可知，各波长的光经过第二实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差都在衍射极限内，即各波长的光经过第二实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差基本不会对光学镜头10的成像质量产生影响。
图11示出了波长为555nm的光经过第二实施方式的光学镜头10后的场曲和光学畸变示意图，用于表示光经过光学镜头10后的成像变形与理想形状的差异。图11中左边的图 中实线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的子午方向的场曲示意图；虚线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的弧矢方向的场曲示意图。图11中右边的图为555nm的光经过第二实施方式的光学镜头10后的光学畸变示意图。由图可见，本实施方式中，光学系统将畸变控制在肉眼辨识范围内(2％及以下肉眼不可辨识)，即光学镜片能够得到质量较高的成像效果。
本实施方式中提供的光学镜头10，其后焦长BFL为9.63mm，总体光学长度TTL为16.05mm，则TTL1的长度为6.42mm。此时，终端1000的厚度可以略大于6.42mm，即使得终端1000具有良好的成像质量的同时，具有较薄的厚度。
请参阅图12，图12所示为本申请第三实施方式的光学镜头10。本实施方式中，光学镜头10的组元为四个，分别为第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4自物侧至像侧依次设置。本实施方式中，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4中均包括一片镜片。第一组元S1中包括第一镜片11，第二组元S2中包括第二镜片12，第三组元S3中包括第三镜片13，第四组元S4中包括第四镜片14，各片镜片同轴设置。
其中，第一镜片11具有正屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第二镜片12具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第三镜片13具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第四镜片14具有正屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面。
本实施方式中，第一镜片11为玻璃材质，第二镜片12、第三镜片13及第四镜片14均为塑料材质。
依据上文的关系式，本申请第三实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数如下表9，参数含义参考第一实施方式相关描述。
表9第三实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000008
表10示出了本申请第三实施方式中光学镜头10的基本参数，如表10所示。
表10第三实施方式的光学镜头10基本参数
焦距f 14.639mm
光圈F值 2.8
半FOV 15°
总体光学长度TTL 17.55mm
设计波长 650nm，610nm，555nm，510nm，470nm
表11示出了本申请第三实施方式中光学镜头100的各个组成镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率和阿贝数，表格中各符号的含义参考第一实施方式相关描述。
表11第三实施方式的光学镜头10各个组成镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率、阿贝数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000009
表12示出了本实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数，表格中各符号的含义参考第一实施方式相关描述。
表12第三实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数
  类型 K A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
R1 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 9.44E+299 1.04E+303 -1.02E+303 6.16E+304 -1.63E+305 2.99E+303
R2 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 8.38E-01 1.02E-01 2.94E-03 -4.34E-04 3.32E-04 3.35E-05
R3 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -8.54E+272 1.32E+272 -2.84E+270 -1.95E+269 1.09E+269 -5.47E+268
R4 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -6.23E+204 8.04E+203 -1.77E+203 -3.58E+201 1.87E+201 -1.02E+201
R5 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 2.39E+229 -2.97E+229 8.76E+228 -6.39E+227 3.21E+227 -1.78E+227
R6 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.80E+03 -1.15E+03 2.34E+002 -6.15E+01 2.61E+01 -1.14E+01
R7 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -2.14E+00 -5.59E-03 8.89E-03 3.52E-03 -1.37E-03 -2.81E-03
R8 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -7.18E+196 -3.49E+18 -3.31E+16 1.20E+17 -5.92E+16 3.34E+16
通过将上述参数代入至公式：
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000010
，即能够设计得到本实施方式的光学镜头10的第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14。
本实施方式中，通过上述参数设计得到的光学镜头10的各不同的镜片能够分别起到不同的作用，从而通过各镜片的配合得到具有良好的成像质量的光学镜头10。具体的，本实施方式中，第一镜片11折射率较高，能起到较好的汇聚光线和校正色差的作用；第二镜片12能起到压缩孔径光阑光线出射角度的作用；第三镜片13能起到将光线扩散至更大像面的作用；第四镜片14可以起到校正光学系统的场曲和像散的作用。需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的主要作用，在实际中还能够起到其它的作用。并且，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各 镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
图13-图15为第三实施方式的光学镜头10的光学性能的表征图。
具体的，图13示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第三实施方式的光学镜头10后的轴向像差。图13的纵坐标表示的是归一化瞳孔坐标，横坐标表示轴向方向上的像差，单位为毫米。从图13中可以看出，本实施方式中，轴向像差控制在一个较小的范围内。
图14中的实现示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第三实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差。图14的纵坐标表示视场角度，单位为度(°)，横坐标单位为衍射极限范围，单位为微米(μm)。图14中虚线表示光学镜头10的衍射极限范围。从图中可知，各波长的光经过第三实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差都在衍射极限内，即各波长的光经过第三实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差基本不会对光学镜头10的成像质量产生影响。
图15示出了波长为555nm的光经过第三实施方式的光学镜头10后的场曲和光学畸变示意图，用于表示光经过光学镜头10后的成像变形与理想形状的差异。其中，图15中左边的图中实线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的子午方向的场曲示意图；虚线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的弧矢方向的场曲示意图。图15中右边的图为555nm的光经过第三实施方式的光学镜头10后的光学畸变示意图。由图可见，本实施方式中，光学系统将畸变控制在肉眼辨识范围内(2％及以下肉眼不可辨识)。
本实施方式中提供的光学镜头10，其后焦长BFL为11.745mm，总体光学长度TTL为11.530mm，则TTL1的长度为5.785mm。此时，终端1000的厚度可以略大于5.785mm，即使得终端1000具有良好的成像质量的同时，具有较薄的厚度。
请参阅图16，图16所示为本申请第四实施方式的光学镜头10。本实施方式中，光学镜头10的组元为四个，分别为第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4自物侧至像侧依次设置。本实施方式中，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第四组元S4中均包括一片镜片，第三组元S3包括两片镜片。第一组元S1中包括第一镜片11，第二组元S2中包括第二镜片12，第三组元S3中包括第三镜片13及第四镜片14，第四组元S4中包括第五镜片15，各片镜片同轴设置。
第一镜片11具有正屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第二镜片12具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第三镜片13具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第四镜片14具有正屈折力；第五镜片15具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面。
依据上文的关系式，本申请第四实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数如下表13。
表13第四实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000012
本实施方式中，d5表示第五镜片15的轴上厚度。第四组元S4的第一片镜片为第五镜片15，因此，d S4是指第五镜片15的轴上厚度d5，R S41是指第五镜片15的物侧面的曲率半径，R S42是指第五镜片15的像侧面的曲率半径，v5表示第五镜片15的阿贝数，v5即为第四组元S4的第一片镜片的阿贝数v S4。由于本实施方式的光学镜头10的四个组元中包括第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14及第五镜片15，因此，光学镜头10中四个组元中的每片镜片的轴上厚度的总和∑d＝d1+d2+d3+d4+d5。本实施方式中的其它参数含义参考第一实施方式相关描述。
表14示出了本申请第四实施方式中光学镜头10的基本参数，如表14所示。
表14第四实施方式的光学镜头10基本参数
焦距f 14.646mm
光圈F值 2.8
半FOV 15°
总体光学长度TTL 15.775mm
设计波长 650nm，610nm，555nm，510nm，470nm
表15示出了本申请第四实施方式中光学镜头100的各个组成镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率和阿贝数，如表15所示。
表15第四实施方式的光学镜头10的各镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率、阿贝数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000013
本实施方式中，R9表示第五镜片15的物侧面的曲率半径，R10表示第五镜片15的像侧面的曲率半径。d5表示第五镜片15的轴上厚度，a4表示第四镜片14的像侧面与第五镜片15的物侧面的轴上距离，a5表示第五镜片15的像侧面与红外滤光片30的物侧面的轴上距离。表中其它符号表示的意义与表3中所示相同。
表16示出了本实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数，如表16所示。
表16第四实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数
  类型 K A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
R1 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -8.24E-02 -4.74E-02 -3.29E-03 -2.97E-03 -1.29E-03 -8.72E-05
R2 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.76E-02 -3.30E-02 3.82E-03 -2.81E-03 -5.12E-05 1.14E-04
R3 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -3.86E-01 4.10E-02 -1.52E-02 -6.97E-05 -2.51E-04 1.00E-04
R4 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -7.01E-01 2.95E-02 -3.33E-02 3.21E-03 -9.50E-04 2.41E-08
R5 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.1E+00 -2.28E-02 8.45E-03 -6.30E-04 -1.16E-03 1.73E-04
R6 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.07E+00 2.73E-03 3.72E-03 -4.83E-03 -1.92E-03 6.98E-04
R7 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -3.57E-02 1.10E-01 -4.46E-02 -3.21E-03 3.17E-03 1.96E-05
R8 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 2.83E-01 8.17E-02 -4.26E-02 2.70E-03 3.74E-03 -1.20E-04
R9 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -7.44E-01 -3.18E-02 -4.07E-03 -5.95E-04 -8.54E-04 -3.54E-04
R10 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -1.34E+00 -2.14E-02 -1.94E-02 -2.56E-03 -1.10E-03 -3.45E-04
其中，R9表示第五镜片15的物侧面的曲率半径，R10表示第五镜片15的像侧面的曲率半径。表16中其它符号的含义与表4中相同。
通过将上述参数代入至公式：
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000014
，即能够设计得到本实施方式的光学镜头10的第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14。
本实施方式中，通过上述参数设计得到的光学镜头10的各不同的镜片能够分别起到不同的作用，从而通过各镜片的配合得到具有良好的成像质量的光学镜头10。具体的，本实施方式中，第一镜片11折射率较高，能起到较好的汇聚光线和校正色差的作用；第二镜片12能起到压缩孔径光阑光线出射角度的作用，第三镜片13及第四镜片14能起到将光线扩散至更大像面的作用，第五镜片15可以起到校正光学系统的场曲和像散的作用。需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
图17-图19为第四实施方式的光学镜头10的光学性能的表征图。
具体的，图17示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第四实施方式的光学镜头10后的轴向像差。图17的纵坐标表示的是归一化瞳孔坐标，横坐标表示轴向方向上的像差，单位为毫米。从图17中可以看出，本实施方式中，轴向像差控制在一个较小的范围内。
图18中的实现示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第四实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差。图18的纵坐标表示视场角度，单位为度(°)，横坐标单位为衍射极限范围，单位为微米(μm)。图18中虚线表示光学镜头10的衍射极限范围。从图中可知，各波长的光经过第四实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差都在衍射极限内，即各波长的光经过第四实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差基本不会对光学镜头10的成像质量产生影响。
图19示出了波长为555nm的光经过第四实施方式的光学镜头10后的场曲和光学畸变示意图，用于表示光经过光学镜头10后的成像变形与理想形状的差异。其中，图19中左边的图中实线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的子午方向的场曲示意图；虚线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的弧矢方向的场曲示意图。图19中右边的图为555nm的光经过第四实施方式的光学镜头10后的光学畸变示意图。由图可见，本实施方式中，光学系统将畸变控制在肉眼辨识范围内(2％及以下肉眼不可辨识)。
本实施方式中提供的光学镜头10，其后焦长BFL为9.686mm，总体光学长度TTL为15.879mm，则TTL1的长度为6.193mm。此时，终端1000的厚度可以略大于6.193mm，即使得终端1000具有良好的成像质量的同时，具有较薄的厚度。
请参阅图20，图20所示为本申请第五实施方式的光学镜头10的结构示意图。本实施方式中，光学镜头10的组元为四个，分别为第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4自物侧至像侧依次设置。本实施方式中，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第四组元S4中均包括一片镜片，第三组元S3包括两片镜片。第一组元S1中包括第一镜片11，第二组元S2中包括第二镜片12，第三组元S3中包括第三镜片13、第四镜片14，第四组元S4中包括第五镜片15，各片镜片同轴设置。
本实施方式中，第一镜片11为玻璃材质，第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15均为塑料材质。
第一镜片11具有正屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第二镜片12具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第三镜片13具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第四镜片14具有正屈折力；第五镜片15具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面。
依据上文的关系式，本申请第五实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数如下表17，参数含义参考第四实施方式相关描述。
表17第五实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000015
表18示出了本申请第五实施方式中光学镜头10的基本参数，如表18所示。
表18第五实施方式的光学镜头10基本参数
焦距f 14.647mm
光圈F值 2.8
半FOV 15°
总体光学长度TTL 16.0mm
设计波长 650nm，610nm，555nm，510nm，470nm
表19示出了本申请第五实施方式中光学镜头100的各个组成镜片的曲率半径、厚度、 折射率和阿贝数，表格中各符号的含义参考第四实施方式相关描述。
表19第五实施方式的光学镜头10的各镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率、阿贝数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000016
表20示出了本实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数，表格中各符号的含义参考第四实施方式相关描述。
表20第五实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数
  类型 K A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
R1 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -1.71E-01 -5.66E-02 -7.25E-03 4.87E-04 1.26E-03 4.48E-04
R2 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 6.37E-02 -2.08E-02 1.57E-03 -1.89E-03 1.11E-03 -1.19E-04
R3 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -4.05E-01 6.21E-02 -1.27E-02 2.68E-03 4.52E-04 -1.37E-04
R4 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -7.96E-01 6.70E-02 -2.73E-02 5.70E-03 -9.17E-04 1.91E-04
R5 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.02E+00 -3.86E-02 3.56E-03 1.67E-03 -9.36E-06 3.18E-04
R6 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.01E+00 -5.59E-02 6.97E-03 3.49E-04 7.75E-04 -1.05E-05
R7 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.55E-02 2.12E-02 -5.32E-02 -8.97E-03 5.16E-04 -3.18E-04
R8 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 6.06E-01 -5.76E-02 -3.98E-02 -1.49E-02 4.56E-03 7.92E-04
R9 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -3.00E-01 -1.91E-01 6.77E-03 -2.26E-02 -4.77E-03 -2.47E-03
R10 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -9.49E-01 -7.10E-02 1.44E-03 -1.06E-03 -1.26E-03 8.88E-04
通过将上述参数代入至公式：
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000017
，即能够设计得到本实施方式的光学镜头10的第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14及第五镜片15。
本实施方式中，通过上述参数设计得到的光学镜头10的各不同的镜片能够分别起到不同的作用，从而通过各镜片的配合得到具有良好的成像质量的光学镜头10。具体的， 本实施方式中，第一镜片11折射率较高，能起到较好的汇聚光线和校正色差的作用；第二镜片12能起到压缩孔径光阑光线出射角度的作用，第三镜片13及第四镜片14能起到将光线扩散至更大像面的作用，第五镜片15可以起到校正光学系统的场曲和像散的作用。需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
图21-图23为第五实施方式的光学镜头10的光学性能的表征图。
具体的，图21示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第五实施方式的光学镜头10后的轴向像差。图21的纵坐标表示的是归一化瞳孔坐标，横坐标表示轴向方向上的像差，单位为毫米。从图21中可以看出，本实施方式中，轴向像差控制在一个较小的范围内。
图22中的实现示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第五实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差。图22的纵坐标表示视场角度，单位为度(°)，横坐标单位为衍射极限范围，单位为微米(μm)。图22中虚线表示光学镜头10的衍射极限范围。从图中可知，各波长的光经过第五实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差都在衍射极限内，即各波长的光经过第五实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差基本不会对光学镜头10的成像质量产生影响。
图23示出了波长为555nm的光经过第五实施方式的光学镜头10后的场曲和光学畸变示意图，用于表示光经过光学镜头10后的成像变形与理想形状的差异。其中，图23中左边的图中实线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的子午方向的场曲示意图；虚线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的弧矢方向的场曲示意图。图23中右边的图为555nm的光经过第五实施方式的光学镜头10后的光学畸变示意图。由图可见，本实施方式中，光学系统将畸变控制在肉眼辨识范围内(2％及以下肉眼不可辨识)。
本实施方式中提供的光学镜头10，其后焦长BFL为10.20mm，总体光学长度TTL为15.938mm，则TTL1的长度为5.738mm。此时，终端1000的厚度可以略大于5.738mm，即使得终端1000具有良好的成像质量的同时，具有较薄的厚度。
请参阅图24，图24所示为本申请第六实施方式的光学镜头10的结构示意图。本实施方式中，光学镜头10的组元为四个，分别为第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4自物侧至像侧依次设置。本实施方式中，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第四组元S4中均包括一片镜片，第三组元S3包括两片镜片。第一组元S1中包括第一镜片11，第二组元S2中包括第二镜片12，第三组元S3中包括第三镜片13、第四镜片14，第四组元S4中包括第五镜片15，各片镜片同轴设置。
本实施方式中，第二镜片11为玻璃材质，第一镜片11、第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15均为塑料材质。
第一镜片11具有正屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第二镜片12具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第三镜片13具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第四镜片14具有正屈折力；第五镜片15具有正屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面。
依据上文的关系式，本申请第六实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数如下表21，参数含义参考第四实施方式相关描述。
表21第六实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000018
表22示出了本申请第六实施方式中光学镜头10的基本参数，如表22所示。
表22第六实施方式的光学镜头10基本参数
焦距f 14.648mm
光圈F值 2.8
半FOV 15°
总体光学长度TTL 15.88mm
设计波长 650nm，610nm，555nm，510nm，470nm
表23示出了本申请第六实施方式中光学镜头100的各个组成镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率和阿贝数，表中各符号含义参考第四实施方式相关描述。
表23第六实施方式的光学镜头10各镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率、阿贝数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000019
表24示出了本实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数，表中各符号含义参考第四实施方式相关描述。
表24第六实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000020
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000021
通过将上述参数代入至公式：
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000022
，即能够设计得到本实施方式的光学镜头10的第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14及第五镜片15。
本实施方式中，通过上述参数设计得到的光学镜头10的各不同的镜片能够分别起到不同的作用，从而通过各镜片的配合得到具有良好的成像质量的光学镜头10。具体的，本实施方式中，第一镜片11折射率较高，能起到较好的汇聚光线和校正色差的作用；第二镜片12能起到压缩孔径光阑光线出射角度的作用，第三镜片13及第四镜片14能起到将光线扩散至更大像面的作用，第五镜片15可以起到校正光学系统的场曲和像散的作用。需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
图25-图27为第六实施方式的光学镜头10的光学性能的表征图。
具体的，图25示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第六实施方式的光学镜头10后的轴向像差。图25的纵坐标表示的是归一化瞳孔坐标，横坐标表示轴向方向上的像差，单位为毫米。从图25中可以看出，本实施方式中，轴向像差控制在一个较小的范围内。
图26中的实现示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第六实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差。图26的纵坐标表示视场角度，单位为度(°)，横坐标单位为衍射极限范围，单位为微米(μm)。图26中虚线表示光学镜头10的衍射极限范围。从图中可知，各波长的光经过第六实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差都在衍射极限内，即各波长的光经过第五实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差基本不会对光学镜头10的成像质量产生影响。
图27示出了波长为555nm的光经过第六实施方式的光学镜头10后的场曲和光学畸变示意图，用于表示光经过光学镜头10后的成像变形与理想形状的差异。其中，图27中 左边的图中实线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的子午方向的场曲示意图；虚线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的弧矢方向的场曲示意图。图27中右边的图为555nm的光经过第六实施方式的光学镜头10后的光学畸变示意图。由图可见，本实施方式中，光学系统将畸变控制在肉眼辨识范围内(2％及以下肉眼不可辨识)。
本实施方式中提供的光学镜头10，其后焦长BFL为9.48mm，总体光学长度TTL为15.8mm，则TTL1的长度为6.32mm。此时，终端1000的厚度可以略大于6.32mm，即使得终端1000具有良好的成像质量的同时，具有较薄的厚度。
请参阅图28，图28所示为本申请第七实施方式的光学镜头10的结构示意图。本实施方式中，光学镜头10的组元为四个，分别为第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4自物侧至像侧依次设置。本实施方式中，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第四组元S4中均包括一片镜片，第三组元S3包括两片镜片。第一组元S1中包括第一镜片11，第二组元S2中包括第二镜片12，第三组元S3中包括第三镜片13、第四镜片14，第四组元S4中包括第五镜片15，各片镜片同轴设置。
本实施方式中，第四镜片14为玻璃材质，第一镜片11、第二镜片11、第三镜片13、第五镜片15均为塑料材质。
第一镜片11具有正屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第二镜片12具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第三镜片13具有正屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第四镜片14具有正屈折力；第五镜片15具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面。
依据上文的关系式，本申请第七实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数如下表25，参数含义参考第四实施方式相关描述。
表25第七实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000023
表26示出了本申请第七实施方式中光学镜头10的基本参数，如表26所示。
表26第七实施方式的光学镜头10基本参数
焦距f 14.647mm
光圈F值 2.8
半FOV 15°
总体光学长度TTL 15.97mm
设计波长 650nm，610nm，555nm，510nm，470nm
表27示出了本申请第七实施方式中光学镜头100的各个组成镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率和阿贝数，表中各符号含义参考第四实施方式相关描述。
表27第七实施方式的光学镜头10的各镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率、阿贝数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000024
表28示出了本实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数，表中各符号含义参考第四实施方式相关描述。
表28第七实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数
  类型 K A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
R1 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -7.46E-02 -3.83E-02 -8.32E-03 -7.24E-04 3.39E-04 1.86E-04
R2 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.49E-01 -2.73E-02 -1.59E-03 -1.1E-03 8.20E-04 -6.92E-05
R3 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -3.65E-01 5.36E-02 -9.32E-03 9.93E-04 2.42E-04 -1.99E-05
R4 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -7.64E-01 6.79E-02 -1.94E-02 2.95E-03 -7.00E-04 2.09E-05
R5 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.02E+00 -2.08E-02 6.92E-03 2.95E-03 -1.04E-03 1.56E-04
R6 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.08E+00 -3.10E-02 1.18E-02 5.03E-03 -2.18E-03 3.36E-04
R7 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 2.31E-02 1.00E-01 -3.78E-02 -7.41E-04 -3.02E-03 4.18E-04
R8 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.34E-01 1.10E-01 -3.45E-02 -2.68E-03 -1.40E-03 -1.74E-04
R9 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -6.22E-01 -8.57E-02 -5.75E-03 -4.4E-03 -6.59E-04 -9.34E-04
R10 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -1.13E+00 -9.77E-02 -2.51E-02 -6.89E-03 -2.43E-03 -8.48E-04
通过将上述参数代入至公式：
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000025
，即能够设计得到本实施方式的光学镜头10的第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14及第五镜片15。
本实施方式中，通过上述参数设计得到的光学镜头10的各不同的镜片能够分别起到不同的作用，从而通过各镜片的配合得到具有良好的成像质量的光学镜头10。具体的，本实施方式中，第一镜片11折射率较高，能起到较好的汇聚光线和校正色差的作用；第 二镜片12能起到压缩孔径光阑光线出射角度的作用，第三镜片13及第四镜片14能起到将光线扩散至更大像面的作用，第五镜片15可以起到校正光学系统的场曲和像散的作用。需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
图29-图31为第七实施方式的光学镜头10的光学性能的表征图。
具体的，图29示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第七实施方式的光学镜头10后的轴向像差。图29的纵坐标表示的是归一化瞳孔坐标，横坐标表示轴向方向上的像差，单位为毫米。从图29中可以看出，本实施方式中，轴向像差控制在一个较小的范围内。
图30中的实现示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第七实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差。图30的纵坐标表示视场角度，单位为度(°)，横坐标单位为衍射极限范围，单位为微米(μm)。图30中虚线表示光学镜头10的衍射极限范围。从图中可知，各波长的光经过第七实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差都在衍射极限内，即各波长的光经过第七实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差基本不会对光学镜头10的成像质量产生影响。
图31示出了波长为555nm的光经过第七实施方式的光学镜头10后的场曲和光学畸变示意图，用于表示光经过光学镜头10后的成像变形与理想形状的差异。其中，图31中左边的图中实线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的子午方向的场曲示意图；虚线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的弧矢方向的场曲示意图。图31中右边的图为555nm的光经过第七实施方式的光学镜头10后的光学畸变示意图。由图可见，本实施方式中，光学系统将畸变控制在肉眼辨识范围内(2％及以下肉眼不可辨识)。
本实施方式中提供的光学镜头10，其后焦长BFL为9.6mm，总体光学长度TTL为16mm，则TTL1的长度为6.4mm。此时，终端1000的厚度可以略大于6.4mm，即使得终端1000具有良好的成像质量的同时，具有较薄的厚度。
请参阅图32，图32所示为本申请第八实施方式的光学镜头10的结构示意图。本实施方式中，光学镜头10的组元为四个，分别为第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4自物侧至像侧依次设置。本实施方式中，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第四组元S4中均包括一片镜片，第三组元S3包括两片镜片。第一组元S1中包括第一镜片11，第二组元S2中包括第二镜片12，第三组元S3中包括第三镜片13、第四镜片14，第四组元S4中包括第五镜片15，各片镜片同轴设置。
本实施方式中，第五镜片15为玻璃材质，第一镜片11、第二镜片11、第三镜片13、第四镜片14均为塑料材质。
第一镜片11具有正屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第二镜片12具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第三镜片13具有正屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第四镜片14具有正屈折力；第五镜片15具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面。
依据上文的关系式，本申请第八实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数如下表29，参数 含义参考第四实施方式相关描述。
表29第八实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000026
表30示出了本申请第八实施方式中光学镜头10的基本参数，如表30所示。
表30第八实施方式的光学镜头10基本参数
焦距f 14.648mm
光圈F值 2.8
半FOV 15°
总体光学长度TTL 15.58mm
设计波长 650nm，610nm，555nm，510nm，470nm
表31示出了本申请第八实施方式中光学镜头100的各个组成镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率和阿贝数，表中各符号的含义参考第四实施方式相关描述。
表31第八实施方式的光学镜头10的各镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率、阿贝数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000027
表32示出了本实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数，表中各符号的含义参考第四实施方式相关描述。
表32第八实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数
  类型 K A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
R1 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -1.12E-01 -3.39E-02 -7.18E-03 -5.65E-04 -1.48E-04 1.31E-04
R2 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.11E-01 -3.09E-02 1.48E-03 -1.63E-03 5.40E-04 -2.40E-05
R3 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -3.69E-01 4.93E-02 -9.34E-03 2.75E-04 5.18E-04 -1.07E-05
R4 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -7.58E-01 5.07E-02 -1.99E-02 1.56E-03 -9.20E-04 -7.61E-05
R5 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 9.90E-01 -1.36E-02 -1.63E-03 2.40E-03 -1.82E-03 1.62E-05
R6 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.18E+00 1.67E-02 -1.19E-03 4.00E-03 -2.85E-03 1.12E-04
R7 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -3.60E-02 7.58E-02 -2.70E-02 -1.67E-03 -2.82E-04 3.24E-04
R8 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.43E-01 1.23E-01 -4.25E-02 -1.38E-02 -2.10E-03 -2.01E-03
R9 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -6.32E-01 -2.38E-02 4.24E-03 -7.33E-03 3.87E-04 -1.37E-03
R10 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -1.39E+00 -2.37E-02 -2.38E-02 -1.14E-02 -2.69E-03 -1.43E-03
通过将上述参数代入至公式：
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000028
，即能够设计得到本实施方式的光学镜头10的第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14及第五镜片15。
本实施方式中，通过上述参数设计得到的光学镜头10的各不同的镜片能够分别起到不同的作用，从而通过各镜片的配合得到具有良好的成像质量的光学镜头10。具体的，本实施方式中，第一镜片11折射率较高，能起到较好的汇聚光线和校正色差的作用；第二镜片12能起到压缩孔径光阑光线出射角度的作用，第三镜片13及第四镜片14能起到将光线扩散至更大像面的作用，第五镜片15可以起到校正光学系统的场曲和像散的作用。需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
图33-图35为第八实施方式的光学镜头10的光学性能的表征图。
具体的，图33示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第八实施方式的光学镜头10后的轴向像差。图33的纵坐标表示的是归一化瞳孔坐标，横坐标表示轴向方向上的像差，单位为毫米。从图33中可以看出，本实施方式中，轴向像差控制在一个较小的范围内。
图34中的实现示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第八实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差。图34的纵坐标表示视场角度，单位为度(°)，横坐标单位为衍射极限范围，单位为微米(μm)。图34中虚线表示光学镜头10的衍射极限范围。从图中可知，各波长的光经过第八实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差都在衍射极限内，即各波长的光经过第八实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差基本不会对光学镜头10的成像质量产生影响。
图35示出了波长为555nm的光经过第八实施方式的光学镜头10后的场曲和光学畸变示意图，用于表示光经过光学镜头10后的成像变形与理想形状的差异。其中，图35中左边的图中实线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的子午方向的场曲示意图；虚线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的弧矢方向的场曲示意图。图35中右边的图为555nm的光经过第八实施方式的光学镜头10后的光学畸变示意图。由图可见，本实施方式中，光学系统 将畸变控制在肉眼辨识范围内(2％及以下肉眼不可辨识)。
本实施方式中提供的光学镜头10，其后焦长BFL为9.39mm，总体光学长度TTL为15.65mm，则TTL1的长度为6.29mm。此时，终端1000的厚度可以略大于6.29mm，即使得终端1000具有良好的成像质量的同时，具有较薄的厚度。
请参阅图36，图36所示为本申请第九实施方式的光学镜头10的结构示意图。本实施方式中，光学镜头10的组元为四个，分别为第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4自物侧至像侧依次设置。本实施方式中，第一组元S1、第二组元S2中均包括一片镜片，第三组元S3、第四组元S4均包括两片镜片。第一组元S1中包括第一镜片11，第二组元S2中包括第二镜片12，第三组元S3中包括第三镜片13、第四镜片14，第四组元S4中包括第五镜片15、第六镜片16，各片镜片同轴设置。
本实施方式中，第一镜片11为玻璃材质，第二镜片11、第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15、第六镜片16均为塑料材质。
第一镜片11具有正屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第二镜片12具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第三镜片13具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第四镜片14具有正屈折力；第五镜片15具有正屈折力；第六镜片16具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面。
依据上文的关系式，本申请第九实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数如下表33。
表33第九实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000029
本实施方式中，d6表示第五镜片16的轴上厚度。第四组元S4的第一片镜片为第五镜片15，因此，d S4是指第五镜片15的轴上厚度，R S41是指第五镜片15的物侧面的曲率半径，R S42是指第五镜片15的像侧面的曲率半径，v5表示第五镜片15的阿贝数，v5即为第四组元S4的第一片镜片的阿贝数v S4。由于本实施方式的光学镜头10的四个组元中包括第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15及第六镜片16，因此，光学镜头10中四个组元中的每片镜片的轴上厚度的总和∑d＝d1+d2+d3+d4+d5+d6。本实施方式中的其它参数含义参考第四实施方式相关描述。
表34示出了本申请第九实施方式中光学镜头10的基本参数，如表34所示。
表34第九实施方式的光学镜头10基本参数
焦距f 14.65mm
光圈F值 2.8
半FOV 15°
总体光学长度TTL 15.39mm
设计波长 650nm，610nm，555nm，510nm，470nm
表35示出了本申请第九实施方式中光学镜头100的各个组成镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率和阿贝数，如表35所示。
表35第九实施方式的光学镜头10的各镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率、阿贝数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000030
本实施方式中，R11表示第六镜片16的物侧面的曲率半径，R12表示第六镜片16的像侧面的曲率半径，d6表示第六镜片16的轴上厚度，a5表示第五镜片15的像侧面与第六镜片16的物侧面的轴上距离，a6表示第六镜片16的像侧面与红外滤光片30的物侧面的轴上距离。表中其它符号表示的意义参考第四实施方式中相关描述。
表36示出了本实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数，如表36所示。
表36第九实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数
  类型 K A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
R1 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -1.09E-01 -6.67E-02 -1.45E-02 -2.03E-03 -4.25E-04 2.29E-04
R2 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 7.81E-02 -4.28E-02 6.260E-03 -2.11E-03 3.87E-04 -9.54E-06
R3 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -3.63E-01 6.05E-02 -6.83E-03 4.08E-04 -6.74E-05 2.38E-05
R4 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -7.43E-01 8.55E-02 -2.630E-02 4.19E-03 -1.68E-03 -7.35E-06
R5 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.10E+00 -5.68E-02 1.05E-02 1.79E-03 -1.87E-03 2.27E-04
R6 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 1.11E+00 -7.01E-02 1.03E-02 -6.02E-03 -4.40E-03 7.18E-04
R7 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -1.69E-01 1.39E-02 -2.35E-02 -1.53E-02 -1.99E-03 7.86E-05
R8 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 3.05E+00 -3.64E-01 2.94E-02 -3.17E-02 2.69E-02 -1.52E-03
R9 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -1.42E-01 -5.92E-02 3.25E-02 6.94E-03 3.50E-04 -6.39E-04
R10 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 5.99E-02 2.42E-02 2.15E-02 -1.20E-02 5.66E-03 -1.63E-04
R11 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 -9.84E+02 3.57E+02 -1.09E+02 8.35E+01 -2.58E+01 4.36E-02
R12 Q型非球面 0.00E+00 2.30E+42 1.28E+43 -3.79E+42 1.38E+42 -8.36E+41 4.58E+41
其中，R11表示第六镜片16的物侧面的曲率半径，R12表示第六镜片16的像侧面的曲率半径。表36中其它符号的含义与表16中相同。
通过将上述参数代入至公式：
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000031
，即能够设计得到本实施方式的光学镜头10的第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15及第六镜片16。
本实施方式中，通过上述参数设计得到的光学镜头10的各不同的镜片能够分别起到不同的作用，从而通过各镜片的配合得到具有良好的成像质量的光学镜头10。具体的，本实施方式中，第一镜片11折射率较高，能起到较好的汇聚光线和校正色差的作用；第二镜片12能起到压缩孔径光阑光线出射角度的作用，第三镜片13及第四镜片14能起到将光线扩散至更大像面的作用，第五镜片15及第六镜片16可以起到校正光学系统的场曲和像散的作用。需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
图37-图40为第九实施方式的光学镜头10的光学性能的表征图。
具体的，图37示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第九实施方式的光学镜头10后的轴向像差。图37的纵坐标表示的是归一化瞳孔坐标，横坐标表示轴向方向上的像差，单位为毫米。从图37中可以看出，本实施方式中，轴向像差控制在一个较小的范围内。
图38中的实现示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第九实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差。图38的纵坐标表示视场角度，单位为度(°)，横坐标单位为衍射极限范围，单位为微米(μm)。图38中虚线表示光学镜头10的衍射极限范围。从图中可知，各波长的光经过第九实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差都在衍射极限内，即各波长的光经过第九实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差基本不会对光学镜头10的成像质量产生影响。
图39示出了波长为555nm的光经过第九实施方式的光学镜头10后的场曲和光学畸变示意图，用于表示光经过光学镜头10后的成像变形与理想形状的差异。其中，图39中左边的图中实线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的子午方向的场曲示意图；虚线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的弧矢方向的场曲示意图。图39中右边的图为555nm的光经过第九实施方式的光学镜头10后的光学畸变示意图。由图可见，本实施方式中，光学系统将畸变控制在肉眼辨识范围内(2％及以下肉眼不可辨识)。
本实施方式中提供的光学镜头10，其后焦长BFL为7.838mm，总体光学长度TTL为15.389mm，则TTL1的长度为7.531mm。此时，终端1000的厚度可以略大于7.531mm，即使得终端1000具有良好的成像质量的同时，具有较薄的厚度。
请参阅图40，图40所示为本申请第十实施方式的光学镜头10的结构示意图。本实施方式中，光学镜头10的组元为四个，分别为第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4，第一组元S1、第二组元S2、第三组元S3、第四组元S4自物侧至像侧依次设置。本实施方式中，第二组元S2、第四组元S4中均包括一片镜片，第一组元S1、第三组元S3包括两片镜片。第一组元S1中包括第一镜片11、第二镜片12，第二组元S2中包括第三镜片13，第三组元S3中包括第四镜片14、第五镜片15，第四组元S4中包括第六镜片16，各片镜片同轴设置。第一镜片11及第二镜片12胶合在一起形成的胶合镜片(HIG1)。其中，第一镜片11及第二镜片12的材质可以相同或者不同。通过将第一镜片11与第二镜片12胶合在一起，能够使得胶合后的胶合镜片的折射率及阿贝数的范围更大，从而更容易得到较薄且性能较好的镜片。
本实施方式中，第一镜片11、第二镜片12为双胶合玻璃材质，第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15、第六镜片16均为塑料材质。
第一镜片11及第二镜片12胶合在一起形成的胶合镜片具有正屈折力，第一镜片11的物侧面于近轴为凸面，像侧面于近轴为凹面；第三镜片13具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第四镜片14具有正屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第五镜片15具有正屈折力；第六镜片16具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面。
依据上文的关系式，本申请第十实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数如下表37。
表37第十实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000032
本实施方式中，由于第一组元S1包括第一镜片11及第二镜片12，第二组元S2中包括第三镜片13，第三组元S3中包括第四镜片14、第五镜片15，第四组元S4中包括第六镜片16。因此，第一组元S1的第一片镜片为第一镜片11，第二组元S2的第一片镜片为第三镜片13，第三组元S3的第一片镜片为第四镜片14，第四组元S4的第一片镜片为第六镜片16。因此，d S2是指第三镜片13的轴上厚度d3，d S3是指第四镜片14的轴上厚度d4，d S4是指第六镜片16的轴上厚度d6。R S21是指第三镜片13的物侧面的曲率半径，R S22是指第三镜片13的像侧面的曲率半径；R S31是指第四镜片14的物侧面的曲率半径，R S32是指第四镜片14的像侧面的曲率半径；R S41是指第六镜片16的物侧面的曲率半径，R S42是指第六镜片16的像侧面的曲率半径。v3表示第三镜片13的阿贝数，v3即为第二组元S2的第一片镜片的阿贝数v S2。v4表示第四镜片14的阿贝数，v4即为第三组元S3的第一片镜片的阿贝数v S3。v6表示第六镜片16的阿贝数，v6即为第四组元S4的第一片镜片的阿贝数v S4。本实施方式中的其它参数含义参考第九实施方式相关描述。
表38示出了本申请第十实施方式中光学镜头10的基本参数，如表38所示。
表38第十实施方式的光学镜头10基本参数
焦距f 14.542mm
光圈F值 2.8
半FOV 15°
总体光学长度TTL 15.91mm
设计波长 650nm,610nm,555nm,510nm,470nm
表39示出了本申请第十实施方式中光学镜头100的各个组成镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率和阿贝数，如表39所示。
表39第十实施方式的光学镜头10的各镜片的曲率半径、厚度、折射率、阿贝数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000033
本实施方式中，由于第一镜片11的像侧面与第二镜片12的物侧面贴合在一起形成胶合镜片，因此，第一镜片11的像侧面的曲率半径R2与第二镜片12的物侧面的曲率半径R3相同。第一镜片11的像侧面与第二镜片12的物侧面的轴上距离a1为0，因此未在表格中示出。本实施方式中的其它参数含义参考第九实施方式相关描述。
表40示出了本实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数，如表40所示。
表40第十实施方式的光学镜头10的非球面系数
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000034
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000035
通过将上述参数代入至公式：
Figure PCTCN2021085857-appb-000036
，即能够设计得到本实施方式的光学镜头10的第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15及第六镜片16。
本实施方式中，通过上述参数设计得到的光学镜头10的各不同的镜片能够分别起到不同的作用，从而通过各镜片的配合得到具有良好的成像质量的光学镜头10。具体的，本实施方式中，第一镜片11及第二镜片12，能起到较好的汇聚光线和校正色差的作用。并且，将第一镜片11与第二镜片12贴合形成双胶合镜片，能够使得胶合后的胶合镜片的折射率及阿贝数的范围更大，从而更容易得到较薄且性能较好的镜片。第三镜片13能起到压缩孔径光阑光线出射角度的作用，第四镜片14及第五镜片15能起到将光线扩散至更大像面的作用，第六镜片16可以起到校正光学系统的场曲和像散的作用。需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
需要说明的是，此处仅给出了本实施方式中各镜片所起到的作用，在本申请的其它实施方式中，各镜片能够起到其它的作用，此处不对其进行限制。
图41-图43为第十实施方式的光学镜头10的光学性能的表征图。
具体的，图41示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第十实施方式的光学镜头10后的轴向像差。图41的纵坐标表示的是归一化瞳孔坐标，横坐标表示轴向方向上的像差，单位为毫米。从图41中可以看出，本实施方式中，轴向像差控制在一个较小的范围内。
图42中的实现示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过第十实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差。图42的纵坐标表示视场角度，单位为度(°)，横坐标单位为衍射极限范围，单位为微米(μm)。图42中虚线表示光学镜头10的衍射极限范围。从图中可知，各波长的光经过第十实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差都在衍射极限内，即各波长的光经过第十实施方式的光学镜头10后的横向色差基本不会对光学镜头10的成像质量产生影响。
图43示出了波长为555nm的光经过第十实施方式的光学镜头10后的场曲和光学畸变示意图，用于表示光经过光学镜头10后的成像变形与理想形状的差异。其中，图43中左边的图中实线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的子午方向的场曲示意图；虚线为555nm的光经过光学镜头10后的弧矢方向的场曲示意图。图43中右边的图为555nm的光经过第十实施方式的光学镜头10后的光学畸变示意图。由图可见，本实施方式中，光学系统将畸变控制在肉眼辨识范围内(2％及以下肉眼不可辨识)。
本实施方式中提供的光学镜头10，其后焦长BFL为9.4mm，总体光学长度TTL为15.932mm，则TTL1的长度为6.53mm。此时，终端1000的厚度可以略大于6.53mm左右，即使得终端1000具有良好的成像质量的同时，具有较薄的厚度。
以上，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种光学镜头，其特征在于，包括多个组元，所述多个组元包括自物侧至像侧排列的第一组元、第二组元、第三组元及第四组元，每个所述组元包括至少一片镜片，所述第一组元具有正屈折力，所述第二组元具有负屈折力，每个镜片包括朝向所述物侧的物侧面以及朝向所述像侧的像侧面，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
    9.08≤BFL≤11.745；
    0.6≤BFL/TTL≤0.67；
    其中，BFL为所述光学镜头的后焦长度，TTL为所述光学镜头的光学总长。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一组元的第一片镜片具有正屈折力，所述第一组元的第一片镜片的物侧面于近轴为凸面，所述第一组元的第一片镜片的像侧面于近轴为凸面或凹面，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
    0.432≤f S1/f≤0.689；
    其中，所述第一组元的第一片镜片为所述第一组元中最靠近所述光学镜头的物侧的所述镜片，f S1为所述第一组元的第一片镜片的焦距，f为所述光学镜头的总焦距。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
    -0.345≤R S11/R S12＜0，或0＜R S11/R S12≤0.348；
    0.2≤d S1/∑d≤0.4；
    其中，R S11为所述第一组元的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径，R S12为所述第一组元的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径，d S1为所述第一组元的第一片镜片，∑d为所述多个组元中的每片镜片的轴上厚度的总和。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第二组元的第一片镜片具有负屈折力，所述第二组元的第一片镜片的物侧面于近轴为凸面，所述第二组元的第一片镜片的像侧面于近轴为凹面，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
    -7.559≤f S2/f≤-0.494；
    其中，所述第二组元的第一片镜片为所述第二组元中最靠近所述光学镜头的物侧的所述镜片，f S2为所述第二组元的第一片镜片的焦距，f为所述光学镜头的总焦距。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
    1＜R S21/R S22≤3；
    0.1≤d S2/∑d≤0.2；
    其中，R S21为所述第二组元的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径，R S22为所述第二组元的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径，d S2为所述第二组元的第一片镜片的轴上厚度，∑d为所述多个组元中的每片镜片的轴上厚度的总和。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第三组元的第一片镜片具有正或负屈折力，所述所述第三组元的第一片镜片的物侧面于近轴为凸或凹面，所述第三组元的第一片镜片的像侧面于近轴为凸面所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
    -15.2≤f S3/f≤7.3；
    其中，所述第三组元的第一片镜片为所述第三组元中最靠近所述光学镜头的物侧的所述镜片，f S3为所述第三组元的第一片镜片的焦距，f为所述光学镜头的总焦距。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
    0.66≤R S31/R S32<1.0；
    0.1≤d S3/∑d≤0.3；
    其中，R S31为所述第三组元的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径，R S32为所述第三组元的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径，d S3为所述第三组元的第一片镜片的轴上厚度，∑d为所述多个组元中的每片镜片的轴上厚度的总和。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第四组元的第一片镜片具有正或负屈折力，所述第四组元的第一片镜片物侧面于近轴为凸或凹面，所述第四组元的第一片镜片像侧面于近轴为凸或凹面所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
    -28≤f S4/f≤8；
    其中，所述第四组元的第一片镜片为所述第四组元中最靠近所述光学镜头的物侧的所述镜片，f S4为所述第四组元的第一片镜片的焦距，f为所述光学镜头的总焦距。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第四组元的第一片镜片满足下列关系式：
    0.9≤R S41/R S42≤1.8；
    0.1≤d S4/∑d≤0.2；
    其中，R S41为所述第四组元的第一片镜片的物侧面的曲率半径，R S42为所述第四组元的第一片镜片的像侧面的曲率半径，d S4为所述第四组元的第一片镜片的轴上厚度，∑d为所述多个组元中的每片镜片的轴上厚度的总和。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
    20.9≤v S1-v S2≤36.8；
    -2.7≤v S1–v S3≤33.7；
    -2.7≤v S1-v S4≤27.2；
    其中，v S1为所述第一组元的第一片镜片的阿贝数，v S2为所述第二组元的第一片镜片的阿贝数，v S3为所述第三组元的第一片镜片的阿贝数，v S4为所述第四组元的第一片镜片的阿贝数。
  11. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一组元的第一片镜片的折射率n1满足：1.5≤n1≤1.9。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
    0.69≤TTL1/MIC≤0.76；
    其中，TTL1为所述光学镜头的多片所述镜片的轴上厚度，MIC为所述光学镜头的最大成像圆直径。
  13. 根据权利要求1中所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述镜片中的至少一片为玻璃镜片。
  14. 一种镜头模组，其特征在于，包括感光元件、驱动部和如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的光学镜头，所述感光元件位于所述光学镜头的像侧，所述驱动部用于驱动所述光学镜头靠近或远离所述感光元件。
  15. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括图像处理器和如权利要求14所述的镜头模组，所述图像处理器与所述镜头模组通信连接，所述镜头模组用于获取图像数据并将所述图像数据输入到所述图像处理器中，所述图像处理器用于对输出其中的所述图像数据进行处理。
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