WO2021218744A1 - 一种obd电源控制管理系统和obd监控终端 - Google Patents
一种obd电源控制管理系统和obd监控终端 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021218744A1 WO2021218744A1 PCT/CN2021/088747 CN2021088747W WO2021218744A1 WO 2021218744 A1 WO2021218744 A1 WO 2021218744A1 CN 2021088747 W CN2021088747 W CN 2021088747W WO 2021218744 A1 WO2021218744 A1 WO 2021218744A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
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- This application relates to the technical field of automotive power supplies, and in particular to an OBD power supply control management system and an OBD monitoring terminal.
- Motor vehicle emissions are one of the main sources of environmental pollution.
- nitrogen oxide and particulate matter emissions from diesel vehicles account for 68.3% and 77.8% of total vehicle emissions, respectively.
- OBD On-Board Diagnostic, on-board diagnostic system
- the back-end management server reports emission monitoring data, provides early warnings and warnings to vehicles that do not meet emission requirements, and notifies vehicle owners to perform maintenance.
- the OBD monitoring terminal needs to support the internal components of the OBD monitoring terminal to work through a power supply.
- the commonly used OBD monitoring terminal is powered by a pin power supply.
- the pin power supply is generally a normal power supply. However, some motor vehicles do not support a normal power supply.
- the embodiment of the present invention can support two power sources of battery and OBD, and can realize smooth switching of the two power sources.
- the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
- an embodiment of the present invention provides an OBD power supply control management system, which is applied to an OBD monitoring terminal, and the system includes: a power supply module and an MCU;
- the power supply module includes an OBD power input interface, a backup power supply, a power selection circuit, and a power management chip.
- the OBD power input interface is connected to the battery voltage pin of the OBD connector, and the power selection circuit is respectively connected to the OBD power input interface ,
- the backup power supply and the power management chip are connected;
- the power selection circuit is used to determine the power supply from the backup power supply and the battery voltage pin of the OBD connector according to the voltage input by the OBD power input interface;
- the power management chip is configured to output system power according to the power supply;
- the MCU is used to supply power to the OBD monitoring terminal according to the system power supply.
- the power supply selection circuit includes a first voltage divider circuit, a second voltage divider circuit, a first switch circuit, a second switch circuit, a third switch circuit, and a fourth switch circuit;
- the first voltage divider circuit is respectively connected to the first switch circuit and the OBD power input interface, and the first switch circuit is respectively connected to the OBD power input interface, the second switch circuit, and the third switch
- the second switch circuit is connected to the fourth switch circuit through the second voltage divider circuit, the second voltage divider circuit is connected to the OBD power input interface, and the third switch circuit is connected to the fourth switch circuit.
- One end of the switch circuit is connected to the power management chip, the other end of the third switch circuit is connected to the OBD power input interface, and the other end of the fourth switch circuit is connected to the backup power source;
- the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit are used to turn on when receiving a high level, and to turn off when a low level is received; the third switch circuit and the fourth switch circuit are used to Turn on at low level and turn off at high level.
- the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit are N-channel MOS transistors
- the third switch circuit and the fourth switch circuit are P-channel MOS transistors.
- the power management chip includes a clock chip
- the clock chip is used to wake up the power management chip, so that the power management chip outputs a start signal to trigger the MCU to start.
- the power supply module further includes a comparator, and the comparator is respectively connected to the power supply selection circuit and the power management chip;
- the comparator is used to send a power event signal to the power management chip when a power input is detected, so that the power management chip is awakened, and the power management chip sends the start signal to the MCU, thereby Trigger the MCU to start.
- the MCU is used to send a power supply latch signal to the power management chip and the comparator;
- the power management chip is configured to latch the system power supply according to the power supply latch signal and maintain an operating state
- the comparator is used to interrupt the output power event signal according to the power supply latch signal.
- the MCU is used to set the wake-up time of the clock chip through the bus.
- the power module further includes a power protection circuit, and the power protection circuit is respectively connected to the OBD power input interface and the battery voltage pin of the OBD connector;
- the power supply protection circuit is used to filter power supply ripples.
- the DC-DC circuit is used to convert the power source connected to the battery voltage pin of the OBD connector into an input voltage that conforms to the system.
- the power module further includes a charger, and the charger is respectively connected to the OBD power input interface and the backup power source;
- the backup power supply includes a battery, a battery power sensor, and a battery temperature sensor, and the battery power sensor and the battery temperature sensor are respectively connected to the MCU.
- an embodiment of the present invention also provides an OBD vehicle-mounted monitoring terminal.
- the OBD vehicle-mounted monitoring terminal includes the above-mentioned OBD power supply control management system.
- Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an OBD power supply control and management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an OBD power control management system provided by another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power supply selection logic provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a logic diagram of power input control startup provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an OBD power control management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the system 1000 can be applied to OBD monitoring terminals, which can be loaded on various types of motor vehicles.
- the system 1000 includes a power module 10 and an MCU 20.
- the power module 10 is used to provide power, and the provided power is used to charge the OBD monitoring terminal through the MCU 20.
- the power supply module 10 supports battery and OBD power supplies.
- the power supply module 10 determines the power supply for the system from the two supported power supplies. When one of the power supplies cannot be satisfied, it switches to the other Power supply, system operation is not interrupted during power switching.
- the MCU 20 may send a power supply lock signal to the power supply module 10, so that the power supply determined by the power supply module 10 maintains stable operation.
- the backup power supply 12 is connected to the power selection circuit 13, and the backup power supply 12 may specifically be a lithium battery, such as a rechargeable lithium ion battery.
- the backup power supply 12 is used to provide power supply for the system.
- the power selection circuit 13 is respectively connected to the OBD power input interface 11, the backup power supply 12 and the power management chip 14.
- the power supply selection circuit 13 is used to select a power supply for the system from the power supply accessed by the OBD power input interface 11 and the backup power supply 12.
- the main principle for the power selection circuit 13 to select the power supply is: when the above two power sources are both available, it is preferable that the power supply connected to the OBD power input interface 11 supplies power to the system; if the OBD power input interface 11 If there is no voltage connection, the backup power supply 12 is selected for power supply.
- the first switch circuit 133 and the second switch circuit 134 are used to turn on when receiving a high level and turn off when receiving a low level; the third switch circuit 135 and the fourth switch circuit 136 are used It turns on when it receives a low level, and turns off when it receives a high level.
- the input voltage is divided by the first voltage divider circuit 131 and then outputs a high level.
- the first switch circuit 133 is turned on, so The levels of the second switch circuit 134 and the third switch circuit 135 are pulled down, the third switch circuit 135 is turned on, and the voltage input by the OBD power input interface 11 is output to the third switch circuit 135.
- the power management chip 14 wherein the level of the second switch circuit 134 is pulled down until the voltage is cut off; the OBD power input interface 11 inputs the voltage to the second voltage divider circuit 132, through the second voltage divider circuit After the voltage is divided by 132, it outputs a high level to the fourth switch circuit 136, which causes the fourth switch circuit 136 to be turned off. At this time, the backup power source 12 passes through the fourth switch circuit 136 to the power management chip 14 The path is disconnected, and the entire system is powered by the power source connected to the OBD power input interface 11.
- the first switch circuit 133, the second switch circuit 134, the third switch circuit 135, and the fourth switch circuit 136 have nothing.
- the voltage input by the OBD power input interface 11, and the fourth switch circuit 136 is in the on state at this time, the voltage of the backup power source 12 is output to the power management chip 14 through the fourth switch circuit 136, and the The backup power supply 12 supplies power to the system.
- the first switch circuit 133 and the second switch circuit 134 may include N-channel MOS transistors
- the third switch circuit 135 and the fourth switch circuit 136 may include P-channel MOS transistors.
- the source of the MOS transistor Q37 in the second switch circuit 134 is grounded, and the drain is connected to the OBD power input interface 11 and the second voltage divider circuit 132 respectively.
- the second voltage divider circuit 132 is also connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q8 in the fourth switch circuit 136, the drain of Q8 is connected to a battery, and the source of Q8 corresponds to the power management chip 14
- the voltage input interface VIN is connected.
- the drain of the Q34 in the third switch circuit 135 is also connected to the voltage input interface VIN corresponding to the power management chip 14, and the source of the Q34 is connected to the OBD power input interface 11.
- the source of Q34 and the OBD power input interface 11 can also be connected in series with a unidirectional diode.
- FIG. 4 is only used as an example of the power supply selection circuit 13, and other circuits can also be added or deleted from the circuit.
- the above-mentioned power supply selection circuit 13 determines the power supply for the system.
- the power supply may be a battery or an OBD power supply, and the OBD power supply is preferentially used. According to the above-mentioned power selection logic, the smooth switching of the two power supplies during the selection process is realized, and the operation of the system will not be interrupted during the switching.
- the power management chip 14 After the power supply for the system is determined by the power selection circuit 13, the power management chip 14 outputs the system power according to the power supply, so that the system can run automatically after power-on, and the OBD monitors the startup conditions of the terminal Not controlled manually.
- the OBD monitoring terminal when the motor vehicle engine is turned off, the OBD monitoring terminal is not required to monitor motor vehicle exhaust emissions, etc., and after the motor vehicle engine is started, the OBD monitoring terminal needs to be started within a preset time And detect the data, for example, within 60 seconds of starting the engine, the OBD monitoring terminal needs to detect the data and report it to the background server. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention also provides the following system boot control logic, which supports power input activation and clock wake-up activation of the device.
- the power input start includes battery insertion start and OBD power input start.
- Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an OBD power control management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 5 is an embodiment of the present invention
- the provided power input controls the start-up logic diagram.
- the power supply module 10 further includes a comparator 15, which is connected to the power supply selection circuit 13 and the power management chip 14, respectively, and the comparator 15 is used for detecting that there is a power supply.
- a power event signal is sent to the power management chip 14 to wake up the power management chip 14 and the power management chip 14 sends the start signal to the MCU 20 to trigger the MCU 20 to start.
- the comparator 15 can detect whether there is a jump in the input voltage. If there is a voltage jump, such as from a low level to a high level, it indicates that the power supply is plugged in. In addition, the comparator 15 does not detect the power latch signal sent by the MCU 20, which indicates that the system is in a power-on state. The comparator 15 sends the power event signal to the power management chip 14, and the power management chip 14 After receiving the power event signal, if the power management chip 14 also does not detect the power latch signal sent by the MCU 20, the power management chip 14 is activated. The activated power management chip 14 outputs power to the MCU 20 and at the same time outputs a startup signal to the MCU 20 to notify the MCU 20 to run.
- the MCU20 may send a power supply latch signal to the comparator 15 and the power management chip 14.
- the comparator 15 detects the power supply latch signal, it indicates that the system During operation, the power event signal is not triggered at this time.
- the comparator 15 does not detect a voltage jump, it does not trigger the power event signal.
- the MCU 20 is started after receiving the start signal, the MCU 20 outputs the power latch signal after the MCU 20 runs stably, and the power latch signal outputs the low level before the MCU 20 runs stably.
- the power management chip 14 latches the system power according to the power latch signal and maintains the operating state. Through the power supply latch signal, the system can maintain stable operation.
- the power supply latch signal when the MCU 20 is in the shutdown state, the power supply latch signal will not be generated.
- the power management chip 14 When the system power-on control logic is controlled by a clock wake-up start, the power management chip 14 includes a clock chip, and the clock chip is used to wake up the power management chip 14 so that the power management chip 14 outputs a start signal so as to Trigger the MCU20 to start. Wherein, before the power management chip 14 is turned off, the MCU 20 can set the wake-up time of the clock chip through the bus. When the clock of the clock chip arrives, the power management chip 14 automatically starts, and outputs the power and the start signal to the MCU 20, thereby starting the MCU 20.
- the power management chip 14 and the MCU 20 can communicate with each other through an I2C bus.
- the above two startup methods are supported.
- One is power startup, that is, cold startup.
- the comparator 15 is triggered to output a power event signal through a VIN jump.
- the other is clock chip startup.
- the power management chip 14 sets the clock chip. After the set clock arrives, the power management chip 14 automatically starts, and outputs the voltage and the start signal to the MCU 20 to start the MCU 20.
- the power latch signal is at a high level
- the power management chip 14 will not shut down when the power is latched, and the comparator 15 will not output the power event signal.
- the power management chip 14 will not wake up the system again through the clock chip, and the system operation will not be interrupted.
- the system can be started within the preset time when the motor vehicle engine is started, thereby ensuring that the OBD monitoring terminal can detect the data in time and report it to the background server.
- the system 1000 also supports low power consumption.
- the OBD monitoring terminal does not need to continuously monitor, and the MCU 20 may notify the power management chip 14 to shut down the system to save system power consumption.
- the OBD monitoring terminal needs to enter the monitoring state within 60 seconds. Since OBD Pin16 is a normal power supply, the vehicle will still supply power after the power is turned off.
- VIN has no obvious signal jump, and the system cannot be triggered by the VIN signal jump. At this time, the system needs to rely on the clock chip of the power management chip 14 to wake up Start up.
- the system is also required to be safe. Due to the complex working environment of the monitoring terminal, the ambient temperature may reach 75°C, and the charging part needs to be closely monitored. , To prevent the high temperature caused by charging to damage the system or spontaneous combustion.
- the system 1000 further includes a temperature sensor 30, and the backup power source 12 also includes a battery power sensor and a battery temperature sensor.
- the temperature sensor 30 is connected to the MCU 20, and the temperature sensor 30 is used to detect the system temperature. When the system temperature exceeds a preset temperature, the MCU 20 can control the system to shut down, and charging is not allowed.
- the temperature sensor 30 may specifically be a contact temperature sensor arranged on the surface of the machine.
- the battery power sensor and the battery temperature sensor are also connected to the MCU 20, which closely monitors the battery part, and can monitor the remaining power of the battery and the current temperature of the battery.
- the MCU 20 can grasp battery power information and battery temperature information in real time to make corresponding processing.
- the power supply module 10 further includes a power protection circuit 16 and a DC-DC circuit 17, and the power protection circuit 16 is respectively connected to the battery voltage pin of the OBD connector and the The DC-DC circuit 17 is connected to the OBD power input interface 11.
- the power supply protection circuit 16 is used to filter power supply ripple. When the engine is started or shut down, there is a large voltage fluctuation, and the power protection circuit 16 can reduce the influence of the drastic voltage change on the system.
- the power protection circuit 16 may specifically be a filter.
- the DC-DC circuit 17 is used to convert the power source connected to the battery voltage pin of the OBD connector into an input voltage conforming to the system.
- the standard power supply of a motor vehicle is 12V or 24V, and the power supply voltage of the motor vehicle can be converted into a 5V system power output through the DC-DC circuit 17.
- the power module 10 further includes a charger 18, which is distributedly connected to the OBD power input interface 11 and the backup power source 12, and the charger 18 is used for The voltage input by the OBD power input interface 11 is connected to charge the backup power supply 12.
- the system 1000 further includes an OBD module (not shown), the OBD module is connected to the MCU 20, the MCU 20 communicates with the OBD module through a car communication protocol, and the OBD module supports Link selection and communication signal conversion with the ECU of a motor vehicle.
- OBD module is connected to the MCU 20
- the MCU 20 communicates with the OBD module through a car communication protocol
- the OBD module supports Link selection and communication signal conversion with the ECU of a motor vehicle.
- the OBD power supply control and management system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can satisfy:
- the OBD monitoring terminal needs to detect the data and report it to the background server;
- the power supply scheme is safe to prevent dangers such as failure or burning caused by high temperature
- the OBD power supply has priority, and the two can be switched smoothly. The system operation is not interrupted during the switching.
- the embodiment of the present invention also provides an OBD vehicle-mounted monitoring terminal, and the OBD vehicle-mounted monitoring terminal includes the OBD power supply control management system described in the foregoing embodiment.
- the OBD vehicle-mounted monitoring terminal meets the above-mentioned requirements related to power supply, and has the same beneficial effects as the OBD power supply control management system.
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Abstract
一种OBD电源控制管理系统(1000)和OBD车载监控终端,涉及汽车电源技术领域,电源控制管理系统(1000)包括电源模块(10)和MCU(20),电源模块包括OBD电源输入接口(11)、备用电源(12)、电源选择电路(13)和电源管理芯片(14),OBD电源输入接口(11)与OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚连接,电源选择电路(13)分别与OBD电源输入接口(11)、备用电源(12)以及电源管理芯片(14)连接,电源选择电路(13)用于根据OBD电源输入接口(11)输入的电压从备用电源(12)和OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚中确定供电电源,电源管理芯片(14)用于根据供电电源输出系统电源,MCU(20)用于根据系统电源给OBD监控终端供电,能够支持电池和OBD两种电源,并且可以实现两种电源的平滑切换。
Description
本申请要求于2020年04月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010357337.3、申请名称为“一种OBD电源控制管理系统和OBD监控终端”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请涉及汽车电源技术领域,尤其涉及一种OBD电源控制管理系统和OBD监控终端。
机动车排放是环境污染的主要来源之一,特别是柴油车的氮氧化物和颗粒物排放分别占据汽车总排放量的68.3%和77.8%。为加强对重型柴油车排放管控,国家环境保护部门要求对机动车排放进行远程监控,在每台机动车上强制安装OBD(On-Board Diagnostic,车载诊断系统)监控终端,通过OBD监控终端定时向后台管理服务器上报排放监控数据,对不符合排放要求的车辆进行预警和告警,通知车主进行维修处理。
所述OBD监控终端需要通过电源支撑OBD监控终端内部元件进行工作。常用的OBD监控终端是通过引脚电源为其供电,引脚电源一般是常电源,然而一些机动车不支持常电源。
发明内容
本发明实施例能够支持电池和OBD两种电源,并能实现两种电源的平滑切换。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明实施例提供以下技术方案:
在第一方面,本发明实施例提供了一种OBD电源控制管理系统,应用于OBD监控终端,所述系统包括:电源模块和MCU;
所述电源模块包括OBD电源输入接口、备用电源、电源选择电路和电源管理芯片,所述OBD电源输入接口与OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚连接,所述电源选择电路分别与所述OBD电源输入接口、所述备用电源以及所述电源管理芯片连接;所述电源选择电路用于根据所述OBD电源输入接口输入的电压从所述备用电源和所述OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚中确定供电电源;所述电源管理芯片用于根据所述供电电源输出系统电源;
所述MCU用于根据所述系统电源给所述OBD监控终端供电。
可选地,所述电源选择电路包括第一分压电路、第二分压电路、第一开关电路、第二开关电路、第三开关电路和第四开关电路;
所述第一分压电路分别连接所述第一开关电路和所述OBD电源输入接口,所述第一开关电路分别连接所述OBD电源输入接口、所述第二开关电路和所述 第三开关电路,所述第二开关电路通过所述第二分压电路连接所述第四开关电路,所述第二分压电路连接所述OBD电源输入接口,所述第三开关电路和所述第四开关电路的一端均连接所述电源管理芯片,所述第三开关电路的另一端连接所述OBD电源输入接口,所述第四开关电路的另一端连接所述备用电源;
其中,所述第一开关电路和所述第二开关电路用于在接收到高电平时导通,低电平时断开;所述第三开关电路和所述第四开关电路用于在接收到低电平时导通,高电平时断开。
可选地,所述第一开关电路和所述第二开关电路为N沟道MOS管,所述第三开关电路和所述第四开关电路为P沟道MOS管。
可选地,所述电源管理芯片包括时钟芯片;
所述时钟芯片用于唤醒所述电源管理芯片,以使所述电源管理芯片输出启动信号从而触发所述MCU启动。
可选地,所述电源模块还包括比较器,所述比较器分别连接所述电源选择电路和所述电源管理芯片;
所述比较器用于在检测到有电源输入时,向所述电源管理芯片发送电源事件信号,以使所述电源管理芯片被唤醒,并且所述电源管理芯片向所述MCU发送所述启动信号从而触发所述MCU启动。
可选地,在所述MCU启动后,所述MCU用于向所述电源管理芯片和所述比较器发送电源锁存信号;
所述电源管理芯片用于根据所述电源锁存信号锁存所述系统电源且维持运行状态;
所述比较器用于根据所述电源锁存信号中断输出的所述电源事件信号。
可选地,在所述电源管理芯片关闭前,所述MCU用于通过总线设置所述时钟芯片的闹醒时间。
可选地,所述电源模块还包括电源保护电路,所述电源保护电路分别连接所述OBD电源输入接口和所述OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚;
所述电源保护电路用于过滤电源纹波。
可选地,所述电源模块还包括DC-DC电路,所述DC-DC电路分别连接所述电源保护电路和所述OBD电源输入接口;
所述DC-DC电路用于将所述OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚接入的电源转化成符合系统的输入电压。
可选地,所述电源模块还包括充电器,所述充电器分别连接所述OBD电源输入接口和所述备用电源;
所述充电器用于接入所述OBD电源输入接口输入的电压,以给所述备用电源充电。
可选地,所述备用电源包括电池、电池电量传感器和电池温度传感器,所述电池电量传感器和所述电池温度传感器分别与所述MCU连接。
可选地,所述系统还包括与所述MCU连接的温度传感器,所述温度传感器 用于检测所述系统的温度。
在第二方面,本发明实施例还提供了一种OBD车载监控终端,所述OBD车载监控终端包括如上所述的OBD电源控制管理系统。
本发明的有益效果是:与现有技术相比较,本发明实施例提供了一种OBD电源控制管理系统和OBD车载监控终端,所述系统包括电源模块和MCU,所述电源模块包括OBD电源输入接口、备用电源、电源选择电路和电源管理芯片,其中,所述电源选择电路用于根据所述OBD电源输入接口输入的电压从所述备用电源和所述OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚中确定供电电源;所述电源管理芯片用于根据所述供电电源输出系统电源;所述MCU用于根据所述系统电源给所述OBD监控终端供电。本发明实施例提供的OBD电源控制管理系统和OBD车载监控终端能够支持电池和OBD两种电源,并且可以实现两种电源的平滑切换。
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明,这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定,附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件,除非有特别申明,附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种OBD电源控制管理系统的结构示意图;
图2是本发明另一实施例提供的一种OBD电源控制管理系统的结构示意图;
图3是本发明实施例提供的一种电源选择逻辑示意图;
图4是本发明实施例提供的电源选择电路的电路图;
图5是本发明实施例提供的电源输入控制启动的逻辑图。
为了便于理解本申请,下面结合附图和具体实施方式,对本申请进行更详细的说明。需要说明的是,当一个元件被表述“连接”另一个元件,它可以是直接连接到另一个元件、或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
除非另有定义,本说明书所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的,不是用于限制本发明。本说明书所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
此外,下面所描述的本申请不同实施例中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
请参阅图1,图1是本发明实施例提供的一种OBD电源控制管理系统的结构示意图,该系统1000可以应用于OBD监控终端,所述OBD监控终端可以装载于各种类型的机动车上。如图1所示,所述系统1000包括电源模块10和 MCU20。所述电源模块10用于提供电源,所提供的电源通过所述MCU20给所述OBD监控终端充电。所述电源模块10支持电池和OBD电源,在本实施例中所述电源模块10从支持的两种电源中确定给系统供电的供电电源,在其中一种电源不能满足时,切换至另一种电源,电源切换过程中系统运行不中断。其中,在确定一种供电电源后,所述MCU20可以向电源模块10发送电源锁存信号,以使所述电源模块10确定的供电电源保持稳定运行。
具体地,同样请参阅图1,所述电源模块10包括OBD电源输入接口11、备用电源12、电源选择电路13和电源管理芯片14。所述OBD电源输入接口11的一端与OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚连接,其另一端与电源选择电路13连接。其中,所述OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚具体可以是OBD接头的第16引脚,即Pin16。Pin16表示常电源,在大部分机动车上,Pin16可以直接连接蓄电池。所述OBD电源输入接口11通过连接所述OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚,从而可以为OBD监控终端提供OBD常电源。其中,所述OBD接头具体可以是OBD II接头。所述OBD监控终端通过所述OBD接头与机动车上的OBD接口连接,从而使OBD监控终端与机动车的电子控制单元通信。
所述备用电源12与所述电源选择电路13连接,所述备用电源12具体可以是锂电池,比如是可充电的锂离子电池。所述备用电源12用于给系统提供供电电源。
所述电源选择电路13分别与所述OBD电源输入接口11、所述备用电源12以及所述电源管理芯片14连接。所述电源选择电路13用于从所述OBD电源输入接口11接入的电源和所述备用电源12中选择给系统供电的供电电源。在本实施例中,电源选择电路13选择供电电源的主要原则是:当上述两路电源都具备时,优选所述OBD电源输入接口11接入的电源给系统供电;如果所述OBD电源输入接口11没有电压接入,则选择所述备用电源12供电。
具体地,请参阅图3,图3是本发明实施例提供的一种电源选择逻辑示意图。如图3所示,所述电源选择电路13包括第一分压电路131、第二分压电路132、第一开关电路133、第二开关电路134、第三开关电路135和第四开关电路136。所述第一分压电路131分别连接所述第一开关电路133和所述OBD电源输入接口11,所述第一开关电路133分别连接所述OBD电源输入接口11、所述第二开关电路134和所述第三开关电路135,所述第二开关电路134通过所述第二分压电路132连接所述第四开关电路136,所述第二分压电路132连接所述OBD电源输入接口11,所述第三开关电路135和所述第四开关电路136的一端均连接所述电源管理芯片14,所述第三开关电路135的另一端连接所述OBD电源输入接口11,所述第四开关电路136的另一端连接所述备用电源12。
其中,所述第一开关电路133和所述第二开关电路134用于在接收到高电平时导通,低电平时断开;所述第三开关电路135和所述第四开关电路136用于在接收到低电平时导通,高电平时断开。
其中,如果检测到所述OBD电源输入接口11有输入电压,所述输入电压经过所述第一分压电路131分压后输出高电平,此时所述第一开关电路133导通,所述第二开关电路134和所述第三开关电路135电平被拉低,第三开关电路135导通,所述OBD电源输入接口11输入的电压通过所述第三开关电路135输出至所述电源管理芯片14;其中,所述第二开关电路134电平被拉低直至电压截止;所述OBD电源输入接口11输入电压至所述第二分压电路132,通过所述第二分压电路132分压后输出高电平至所述第四开关电路136,导致所述第四开关电路136截止,此时,所述备用电源12通过所述第四开关电路136至所述电源管理芯片14的通路断开,整个系统由所述OBD电源输入接口11接入的电源供电。
如果未检测到所述OBD电源输入接口11有输入电压,那么所述第一开关电路133、所述第二开关电路134、所述第三开关电路135以及所述第四开关电路136均无所述OBD电源输入接口11输入的电压,而此时所述第四开关电路136处于导通状态,所述备用电源12的电压通过所述第四开关电路136输出至电源管理芯片14,由所述备用电源12给系统供电。
在其他一些实施例中,如图4所示,所述第一开关电路133和所述第二开关电路134可以包括N沟道MOS管,所述第三开关电路135和所述第四开关电路136可以包括P沟道MOS管。其中,当所述第一开关电路133和所述第二开关电路134对应的MOS管的栅极电压升高时所述N沟道MOS管导通;当所述第三开关电路135和所述第四开关电路136对应的MOS管的栅极电压降低时所述P沟道MOS管导通。其中,所述第一分压电路131由电阻R306和电阻R307组成,所述第二分压电路132由电阻R308和电阻R309组成。所述第一分压电路131连接所述第一开关电路133中MOS管Q36的栅极,所述第一分压电路131中MOS管Q36的源极接地,其漏极分别连接所述OBD电源输入接口11、所述第二开关电路134中MOS管Q37的栅极以及所述第三开关电路135中MOS管Q34的栅极。所述第二开关电路134中MOS管Q37的的源极接地,其漏极分别连接所述OBD电源输入接口11和所述第二分压电路132。所述第二分压电路132还与所述第四开关电路136中MOS管Q8的栅极连接,所述Q8的漏极连接电池,所述Q8的源极与所述电源管理芯片14对应的电压输入接口VIN连接。所述第三开关电路135中所述Q34的漏极也与所述电源管理芯片14对应的电压输入接口VIN连接,所述Q34的源极连接所述OBD电源输入接口11。其中,所述Q34的源极与所述OBD电源输入接口11中还可以串联单向二极管,当Q36、Q34、Q37、Q8的栅极均无电压时,Q8处于导通状态,电池的电压输出至所述VIN,由电池给系统供电,而在Q34侧,由于D6和D9均为单向二极管,电压不会反灌到电压VDD_5V输入端。当所述第一分压电路131连接的OBD电源输入接口11有输入VDD_5V电压时,Q36的栅极由R306和R307分压后为高电平,Q36导通,Q34、Q37栅极电平被拉低,Q34导通,VDD_5V输出至VIN;Q37截止,Q8栅极由VDD_5V在R308和R309分压后为高电平,Q8截止,电池到VIN 的回路断开,此时整个系统由OBD电源输入接口11连接的OBD电源供电。
需要说明的是,图4仅作为所述电源选择电路13的一种示例,还可以在电路中增加或删除其他电路。
上述通过所述电源选择电路13确定为系统供电的供电电源,所述供电电源可以是电池或OBD电源,并且优先使用OBD电源。根据上述电源选择逻辑,实现了两种电源在选择的过程中的平滑切换,并且切换中系统的运行不会中断。
所述电源管理芯片14用于根据所述供电电源输出系统电源。所述系统电源是符合所述MCU20或系统需要的电源,比如0.8V、0.9V、1.0V、1.2V、1.5V、1.8V、3.3V等。可以理解的是,所述供电电源输入的电压不一定能满足所述MCU20或所述系统的需求,因此,所述电源管理芯片14可以通过Buck电路的方式或者LDO(Low Dropout regulator,低压差线性稳压器)方式输出所述系统电源。
通过上述电源选择电路13确定了为系统供电的供电电源后,所述电源管理芯片14根据所述供电电源输出系统电源,从而可以使系统在上电后自动运行,所述OBD监控终端的启动条件不由人工控制。此外,可以理解的是,在机动车发动机关闭时,不需要所述OBD监控终端对机动车尾气排放等进行监控,而在机动车发动机启动后,所述OBD监控终端需要在预设时间内启动并检测到数据,比如在发动机启动60秒内,所述OBD监控终端需要检测到数据并向后台服务器上报。因此,本发明实施例还提供了如下的系统开机控制逻辑,该系统开机控制逻辑支持设备的电源输入启动和时钟唤醒启动。其中,电源输入启动包括电池插入启动和OBD电源输入启动。
当所述系统开机控制逻辑由电源输入启动控制时,如图2和图5所示,图2是本发明实施例提供的一种OBD电源控制管理系统的结构示意图,图5是本发明实施例提供的电源输入控制启动的逻辑图。在图2中,所述电源模块10还包括比较器15,所述比较器15分别与所述电源选择电路13和所述电源管理芯片14连接,所述比较器15用于在检测到有电源输入时,向所述电源管理芯片14发送电源事件信号,以使所述电源管理芯片14被唤醒,并且所述电源管理芯片14向所述MCU20发送所述启动信号从而触发所述MCU20启动。其中,当电源接入时,所述比较器15可以检测输入电压是否有跳变,如果有电压跳变,比如从低电平到高电平,表示有电源插入。并且所述比较器15未检测到MCU20发送的电源锁存信号,此时表示系统处于开机状态,所述比较器15向所述电源管理芯片14发送所述电源事件信号,所述电源管理芯片14接收到所述电源事件信号后,如果所述电源管理芯片14也未检测到MCU20发送的电源锁存信号,则启动所述电源管理芯片14。启动后的电源管理芯片14向所述MCU20输出电源,同时向所述MCU20输出启动信号,通知所述MCU20运行。在所述MCU20运行后,所述MCU20可以向所述比较器15和所述电源管理芯片14发送电源锁存信号,其中,当所述比较器15检测到所述电源锁存信号时,表 示系统正在运行中,此时不触发电源事件信号。此外,如果所述比较器15未检测到电压跳变,也不触发所述电源事件信号。
其中,所述MCU20在接收到所述启动信号后启动,所述MCU20运行稳定后输出所述电源锁存信号,所述MCU20未运行稳定前,所述电源锁存信号输出低电平。
其中,所述电源管理芯片14根据所述电源锁存信号锁存所述系统电源且维持运行状态。通过所述电源锁存信号可以使系统保持稳定运行。
其中,所述电源管理芯片14在启动后,如果长时间(比如大于或等于5秒)内未收到所述电源锁存信号,则停机,关闭所述MCU20电源,停止MCU20启动。
其中,在MCU20处于停机状态时,不会产生所述电源锁存信号。
当所述系统开机控制逻辑由时钟唤醒启动控制时,所述电源管理芯片14包括时钟芯片,所述时钟芯片用于唤醒所述电源管理芯片14,以使所述电源管理芯片14输出启动信号从而触发所述MCU20启动。其中,在所述电源管理芯片14关闭前,所述MCU20可以通过总线设置所述时钟芯片的闹醒时间。当时钟芯片时钟到达后,所述电源管理芯片14自动启动,并向所述MCU20输出电源和所述启动信号,从而启动MCU20。
其中,所述电源管理芯片14和所述MCU20之间可以通过I2C总线进行通信。
在本实施例中,支持上述两种开机启动方式,一种是电源启动,即冷启动,所述MCU20处于停机状态时,通过VIN跳变触发比较器15输出电源事件信号,所述电源事件信号触发所述电源管理芯片14启动并向MCU20输出电压和所述启动信号,以启动MCU20,在MCU20运行稳定后输出电源锁存信号,锁住电源状态,保持系统稳定运行。另一种是时钟芯片启动,所述电源管理芯片14通过设置时钟芯片,在设置的时钟到达后,所述电源管理芯片14自动启动,向MCU20输出电压和所述启动信号,以启动MCU20。其中,在系统稳定运行中,所述电源锁存信号为高电平,所述电源管理芯片14电源被锁存不会关机,所述比较器15也不会输出所述电源事件信号,与此同时,所述电源管理芯片14也不会通过时钟芯片再次唤醒启动系统,系统运行不会被中断。
通过上述开机控制方法,能够使系统在机动车发动机启动的预设时间内启动,从而保证所述OBD监控终端能够及时检测到数据并向后台服务器上报。
在本实施例中,所述系统1000还支持低电量消耗。当设备检测到机动车发动机关闭或OBD通信断开时,则所述OBD监控终端勿需持续监控,所述MCU20可以通知所述电源管理芯片14关闭系统,以节省系统电源消耗。当发动机启动过后,所述OBD监控终端需要在60s之内进入监控状态。由于OBD Pin16为常电源,机动车电源关闭后还会供电,发动机启动后,VIN无明显信号跳变,无法通过VIN信号跳变触发启动系统,此时系统需要依靠电源管理芯片14的时钟芯片唤醒进行启动。MCU20在通知电源管理芯片14关闭之前,通过I2C 完成时钟芯片的闹醒设置。电源管理芯片14被时钟芯片闹醒后,启动MCU20进行监控检测,当检测到发动机已经运行,则保持稳定运行状态,否则重新关闭系统。
可以理解的是,除了保障机动车发动机运行后能够及时的接管监控任务,同时还要求系统具有安全性,由于监控终端工作环境复杂,环境温度可能达到75℃之上,对充电部分需要进行严密监控,防止充电产生高温损坏系统或者自燃。
因此,同样请参阅图2,所述系统1000还包括温度传感器30,所述备用电源12还包括电池电量传感器和电池温度传感器。所述温度传感器30与所述MCU20连接,所述温度传感器30用于检测系统温度,在系统温度超过预设温度时,所述MCU20可以控制系统关闭,不允许充电。所述温度传感器30具体可以是设置在机器表面的接触式温度传感器。所述电池电量传感器和所述电池温度传感器也与所述MCU20连接,其对电池部分进行严密监控,可以监控电池剩余的电量以及电池当前的温度。所述MCU20可以实时掌握电池电量信息和电池温度信息,以作出相应的处理。
在其他一些实施例中,同样请参阅图2,所述电源模块10还包括电源保护电路16和DC-DC电路17,所述电源保护电路16分别连接所述OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚和所述DC-DC电路17,所述DC-DC电路17连接所述OBD电源输入接口11。
其中,所述电源保护电路16用于过滤电源纹波。当发动机启动或者关闭时,有较大的电压波动,通过所述电源保护电路16可以减缓电压剧烈变化对系统的影响。所述电源保护电路16具体可以是过滤器。
所述DC-DC电路17用于将所述OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚接入的电源转化成符合系统的输入电压。通常机动车标准电源为12V或者24V,通过所述DC-DC电路17可以将机动车电源电压转换成5V系统电源输出。
通过上述所述电源保护电路16和所述DC-DC电路17可以使OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚接入的电压满足系统的需求,保证电压稳定输出。
在其他一些实施例中,同样请参阅图2,所述电源模块10还包括充电器18,所述充电器18分布连接所述OBD电源输入接口11和备用电源12,所述充电器18用于接入所述OBD电源输入接口11输入的电压,以给所述备用电源12充电。
在其他一些实施例中,所述系统1000还包括OBD模块(图未示),所述OBD模块与所述MCU20连接,所述MCU20通过汽车通信协议与所述OBD模块通信,所述OBD模块支持与机动车的ECU的链路选择和通信信号转换。
区别于现有技术,本发明实施例提供的OBD电源控制管理系统,能够满足:
1、当给系统上电时(插入OBD电源或者电池),系统自动运行;
2、当系统不需要监控运行时,自动关闭,节省电池能耗;
3、发动机启动60s内,OBD监控终端需要检测到数据并向后台服务器上 报;
4、电源方案是安全的,防止高温引起故障或者燃烧等危险;
5、支持电池和OBD两种电源,OBD电源优先,并且两者可平滑切换,切换中系统运行不中断。
本发明实施例还提供了一种OBD车载监控终端,所述OBD车载监控终端包括上述实施例所述的OBD电源控制管理系统。所述OBD车载监控终端满足上述电源涉及的需求,具备与所述OBD电源控制管理系统相同的有益效果。
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;在本发明的思路下,以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合,步骤可以以任意顺序实现,并存在如上所述的本发明的不同方面的许多其它变化,为了简明,它们没有在细节中提供;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。
Claims (13)
- 一种OBD电源控制管理系统,应用于OBD监控终端,其特征在于,所述系统包括:电源模块和MCU;所述电源模块包括OBD电源输入接口、备用电源、电源选择电路和电源管理芯片,所述OBD电源输入接口与OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚连接,所述电源选择电路分别与所述OBD电源输入接口、所述备用电源以及所述电源管理芯片连接;所述电源选择电路用于根据所述OBD电源输入接口输入的电压从所述备用电源和所述OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚中确定供电电源;所述电源管理芯片用于根据所述供电电源输出系统电源;所述MCU用于根据所述系统电源给所述OBD监控终端供电。
- 根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述电源选择电路包括第一分压电路、第二分压电路、第一开关电路、第二开关电路、第三开关电路和第四开关电路;所述第一分压电路分别连接所述第一开关电路和所述OBD电源输入接口,所述第一开关电路分别连接所述OBD电源输入接口、所述第二开关电路和所述第三开关电路,所述第二开关电路通过所述第二分压电路连接所述第四开关电路,所述第二分压电路连接所述OBD电源输入接口,所述第三开关电路和所述第四开关电路的一端均连接所述电源管理芯片,所述第三开关电路的另一端连接所述OBD电源输入接口,所述第四开关电路的另一端连接所述备用电源;其中,所述第一开关电路和所述第二开关电路用于在接收到高电平时导通,低电平时断开;所述第三开关电路和所述第四开关电路用于在接收到低电平时导通,高电平时断开。
- 根据权利要求2所述的系统,其特征在于,所述第一开关电路和所述第二开关电路为N沟道MOS管,所述第三开关电路和所述第四开关电路为P沟道MOS管。
- 根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述电源管理芯片包括时钟芯片;所述时钟芯片用于唤醒所述电源管理芯片,以使所述电源管理芯片输出启动信号从而触发所述MCU启动。
- 根据权利要求4所述的系统,其特征在于,所述电源模块还包括比较器,所述比较器分别连接所述电源选择电路和所述电源管理芯片;所述比较器用于在检测到有电源输入时,向所述电源管理芯片发送电源事件信号,以使所述电源管理芯片被唤醒,并且所述电源管理芯片向所述MCU 发送所述启动信号从而触发所述MCU启动。
- 根据权利要求5所述的系统,其特征在于,在所述MCU启动后,所述MCU用于向所述电源管理芯片和所述比较器发送电源锁存信号;所述电源管理芯片用于根据所述电源锁存信号锁存所述系统电源且维持运行状态;所述比较器用于根据所述电源锁存信号中断输出的所述电源事件信号。
- 根据权利要求4所述的系统,其特征在于,在所述电源管理芯片关闭前,所述MCU用于通过总线设置所述时钟芯片的闹醒时间。
- 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的系统,其特征在于,所述电源模块还包括电源保护电路,所述电源保护电路分别连接所述OBD电源输入接口和所述OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚;所述电源保护电路用于过滤电源纹波。
- 根据权利要求8所述的系统,其特征在于,所述电源模块还包括DC-DC电路,所述DC-DC电路分别连接所述电源保护电路和所述OBD电源输入接口;所述DC-DC电路用于将所述OBD接头的蓄电池电压引脚接入的电源转化成符合系统的输入电压。
- 根据权利要求9所述的系统,其特征在于,所述电源模块还包括充电器,所述充电器分别连接所述OBD电源输入接口和所述备用电源;所述充电器用于接入所述OBD电源输入接口输入的电压,以给所述备用电源充电。
- 根据权利要求10所述的系统,其特征在于,所述备用电源包括电池、电池电量传感器和电池温度传感器,所述电池电量传感器和所述电池温度传感器分别与所述MCU连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述系统还包括与所述MCU连接的温度传感器,所述温度传感器用于检测所述系统的温度。
- 一种OBD车载监控终端,其特征在于,包括权利要求1至12中任一项所述的OBD电源控制管理系统。
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