WO2021217318A1 - 一种流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021217318A1
WO2021217318A1 PCT/CN2020/087090 CN2020087090W WO2021217318A1 WO 2021217318 A1 WO2021217318 A1 WO 2021217318A1 CN 2020087090 W CN2020087090 W CN 2020087090W WO 2021217318 A1 WO2021217318 A1 WO 2021217318A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
code rate
streaming media
network
identifier
information
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PCT/CN2020/087090
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
潘奇
黄正磊
倪慧
李永翠
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN202080077139.XA priority Critical patent/CN114651449B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/087090 priority patent/WO2021217318A1/zh
Priority to EP20933505.8A priority patent/EP4124049A4/en
Publication of WO2021217318A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021217318A1/zh
Priority to US17/973,096 priority patent/US20230038430A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64723—Monitoring of network processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of network load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
    • H04N21/23805—Controlling the feeding rate to the network, e.g. by controlling the video pump
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64723—Monitoring of network processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of network load
    • H04N21/64738—Monitoring network characteristics, e.g. bandwidth, congestion level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64746—Control signals issued by the network directed to the server or the client
    • H04N21/64753—Control signals issued by the network directed to the server or the client directed to the client
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64746—Control signals issued by the network directed to the server or the client
    • H04N21/64761—Control signals issued by the network directed to the server or the client directed to the server

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to a method and device for adjusting a dynamic adaptive network of streaming media parameters.
  • Users can watch videos such as live broadcasts, TV series, movies or variety shows in real time through video clients (such as Tencent Video, Youku Video) installed on terminals such as mobile phones and tablet computers.
  • video clients such as Tencent Video, Youku Video
  • users can set streaming media parameters (such as bit rate or resolution of streaming media data) on the video client according to their own video quality requirements. Take the streaming media parameter as the resolution of the streaming media data as an example.
  • the terminal sends a streaming media data acquisition request to the video server according to the bit rate corresponding to the resolution of the streaming media data set by the user on the video client. After the video server receives the streaming media data acquisition request sent by the terminal, it returns the streaming media data to the terminal.
  • the bit rate of the streaming media data returned by the video server to the terminal is the same as the streaming media data resolution set by the user on the video client.
  • the corresponding bit rate is the same. For example, if the resolution of the streaming media data set by the user on the video client is 1080P, if the code rate corresponding to 1080P is 10Mbps, in this case, the terminal sends a streaming media data acquisition request to the video server, and the video server returns to the terminal
  • the bit rate of streaming media data is 10Mbps.
  • the bit rate corresponding to the resolution of the streaming media data set by the user on the video client is relatively high, it will easily cause the video playback to freeze and affect the user experience. Therefore, the technology of dynamic adaptive network adjustment of streaming media bit rate is introduced.
  • the terminal dynamically adjusts the bit rate of the streaming media data according to the packet loss rate of the streaming media data, network throughput and other network status information, and then According to the adjusted bit rate of the streaming media data, a streaming media data acquisition request is sent to the video server.
  • network condition information such as packet loss rate and network throughput rate of streaming media data is the statistical average value of the terminal over a period of time, although network condition information such as packet loss rate and network throughput rate of streaming media data can be used to measure the segment The network status over time, but actually lags behind the changes in the network status, that is to say, the current network status changes cannot be accurately measured by using the statistical average value over a period of time. Therefore, the prior art technical solution for dynamic adaptive network adjustment of the streaming media bit rate easily causes the adjustment of the streaming media data bit rate to lag behind the change of the network condition, thereby causing the video playback to freeze and reducing the user experience.
  • This application provides a dynamic adaptive network adjustment method for streaming media parameters, so that the adjustment of streaming media parameters (for example, the bit rate, resolution, or frame rate of streaming media data, etc.) can be adapted to changes in network conditions, thereby improving user experience .
  • streaming media parameters for example, the bit rate, resolution, or frame rate of streaming media data, etc.
  • the first aspect is a method for adjusting a streaming media parameter dynamic adaptive network according to an embodiment of this application, which specifically includes: the access network device receives media quality of service (QoS) information from the session management network element, so The media QoS information includes at least two streaming media parameter identifiers and QoS requirement information corresponding to each of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers, and each streaming media parameter identifier is used to instruct the video server to support Then, the access network device determines the target streaming media parameter identifier from the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers according to the current network status and the media QoS information, and sends it to the terminal or video server Sending the target streaming media parameter identifiers in the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers, and the current network condition meets the network requirements during transmission of the streaming media data of the streaming media parameters indicated by the target streaming media parameter identifiers.
  • QoS quality of service
  • the streaming media parameter includes at least one of a bit rate, a resolution, or a frame rate.
  • the streaming media parameter identifier can be understood as the code rate identifier.
  • the terminal or the video server can transmit streaming media data according to the target streaming media parameter identifier, that is, the video server
  • the streaming media parameters of the streaming media data transmitted to and from the terminal are adjusted by the access network equipment according to the current network conditions.
  • the adjustment of the streaming media parameters can be adapted to the current network conditions, so that users can When the condition is better, watch the video with clearer picture quality in real time on the terminal, and when the network condition becomes worse, transmit the streaming media data with poor picture quality to help users watch the video on the terminal in real time This reduces the possibility of video freezes, thereby helping to improve user experience.
  • the QoS requirement information corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier is used to indicate the network requirements during transmission of the streaming media data corresponding to the streaming media parameter indicated by the streaming media parameter identifier.
  • the access network device determines a target streaming media parameter identifier from the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers based on the current network status and the media QoS information in the following manner:
  • the access network device monitors the size of the network bandwidth; when the difference between the size of the network bandwidth monitored by the access network device and the size of the target network bandwidth is within the target range for the target duration, the access The network device determines from the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers that the size of the network bandwidth required for streaming media data transmission is the size of the target network bandwidth, and the streaming media parameter identifier of the streaming media parameter is said Target streaming media parameter identification. This helps simplify the determination method for determining the target streaming media parameter identifier.
  • the media QoS information further includes cache information, the cache information is used to indicate the minimum cache duration required by the terminal to allow video playback, and the target duration is less than or equal to the minimum cache duration . This helps to make the streaming media parameters indicated by the determined target streaming media parameter identifiers more suitable for the current network conditions.
  • the access network device determines the target duration according to the cache information. As a result, the access network device can determine different target durations when the buffer information of different terminals is different, which helps to improve the flexibility of dynamic adaptive network adjustment of streaming media parameters.
  • the media QoS information further includes a media identifier, and the media identifier is used to indicate a streaming media service of a streaming media parameter adaptive network. This helps instruct the access network device to adjust the streaming media parameters of the streaming media data transmitted between the terminal and the video server according to the current network conditions and media QoS information.
  • the QoS requirement information corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier includes a QoS configuration file corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier.
  • the access network device performs QoS parameters on a protocol data unit (PDU) session used for streaming media data transmission according to the QoS configuration file corresponding to the target streaming media parameter identifier Configure, and send the target streaming media parameter identifier to the user plane network element. Therefore, the method for adjusting the streaming media parameters dynamically and adaptively to the network can be applied to the business scenario of guaranteed bit rate (GBR).
  • GBR guaranteed bit rate
  • the access network device sends streaming media parameter information to the terminal, and the streaming media parameter information includes at least two streaming media parameter identifiers. This helps simplify the terminal acquiring the streaming media parameter identifiers of at least two streaming media parameters supported by the video server.
  • the access network device may send the target streaming media parameter identifier of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers to the terminal or the video server in the following manner:
  • the access network device carries the target streaming media parameter identifier in a radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) message and sends it to the terminal or the video server; or, the access network device transmits the
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the target streaming media parameter identifier is carried in the header information of the user plane downlink message and sent to the terminal or the video server. This helps simplify the implementation.
  • the second aspect is a streaming media parameter dynamic adaptive network adjustment method according to an embodiment of this application, which specifically includes:
  • the policy control network element receives media information from the video server, where the media information includes at least two streaming media parameter identifiers and streaming media data of a streaming media parameter indicated by each of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers
  • each streaming media parameter identifier is used to indicate a type of streaming media parameter supported by the video server; then, the policy control network element sends the media network requirement information to the session management network element,
  • the media network requirement information includes the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers and QoS information corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier in the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers, and the QoS corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier
  • the information is used to indicate the network requirements during transmission of the streaming media data corresponding to the streaming media parameter indicated by the streaming media parameter identifier.
  • the session management network element to obtain the network requirements during transmission of the streaming media data of the streaming media parameters supported by the video server.
  • the QoS information corresponding to the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers is obtained by the policy control network element according to the media information.
  • the QoS information can be a QoS parameter set.
  • the media network requirement information further includes cache information and/or media identification
  • the cache information is used to indicate the minimum buffer duration required for the terminal to allow video playback
  • the media identification is used to indicate the stream Media parameter adaptive network streaming service.
  • the third aspect is a method for adjusting a streaming media parameter dynamic adaptive network according to an embodiment of this application, which specifically includes: a session management network element receives media network demand information from a policy control network element, and the media network demand information includes at least Two streaming media parameter identifiers and quality of service QoS information corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier in the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers, and each streaming media parameter identifier is used to indicate a type of streaming media supported by the video server Parameters, the QoS information corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier is used to indicate the network requirements during transmission of the streaming media data of the streaming media parameter indicated by the corresponding streaming media parameter identifier; then, the session management network element The network device sends media QoS information, where the media QoS information includes at least two streaming media parameter identifiers and QoS requirement information corresponding to the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers.
  • the access network device can obtain the media QoS information, so that the access network device can adjust
  • the QoS requirement information corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier is used to indicate the network requirements during transmission of the streaming media data corresponding to the streaming media parameter indicated by the streaming media parameter identifier.
  • the QoS requirement information corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier includes a QoS configuration file corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier.
  • the session management network element sends first network QoS information to the terminal, and sends second network QoS information to the user plane network element
  • the first network QoS information includes the at least two flows Media parameter identifiers and QoS rules corresponding to each of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers
  • the second network QoS information includes the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers and the QoS rules associated with the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers.
  • a packet detection rule packet detection rule, PDR
  • PDR packet detection rule
  • the media QoS information further includes buffer information and/or media identification
  • the buffer information is used to indicate the minimum buffer duration required for the terminal to allow video playback
  • the media identification is used to indicate streaming media Parameter adaptive network streaming media service.
  • the fourth aspect is a streaming media parameter dynamic adaptive network adjustment method according to an embodiment of this application, which specifically includes: a user plane network element receives second network QoS information from a session management network element, and the second network QoS information It includes the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers and a PDR corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier in the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers, and each streaming media parameter identifier is used to indicate a stream supported by the video server Media parameters; the user plane network element receives a target streaming media parameter identifier sent by an access network device, the target streaming media parameter identifier is one of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers, and the current network condition satisfies the The network requirements of the streaming media data of the streaming media parameters indicated by the target streaming media parameter identifier during transmission; then, the user plane network element identifies the corresponding PDR and the target streaming media according to the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers.
  • the parameter identifies the corresponding PDR, and configures Q
  • the method for adjusting the dynamic adaptive network of streaming media parameters in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to GBR business scenarios.
  • the fifth aspect is a method for adjusting streaming media parameters in a dynamic adaptive network according to an embodiment of this application, which specifically includes: a video server generates media information, and sends the media information to a policy control network element, and the media information includes all media information.
  • the identifier is used to indicate a streaming media parameter supported by the video server.
  • the media-related information further includes cache information, and/or a media identifier
  • the cache information is used to indicate the minimum cache duration required for the terminal to allow video playback
  • the media identifier is used to indicate the stream Media parameter adaptive network streaming service.
  • the video server sends media summary information to the terminal, where the media summary information includes the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers. This helps the terminal obtain media overview information.
  • the video server receives the target streaming media parameter identifier sent by the access network device, and the current network condition meets the streaming media parameters indicated by the target streaming media parameter identifier.
  • Network requirements at the time, and the target streaming media parameter identifier is one of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers; then, the video server sends the target streaming media parameter identifier indicated by the target streaming media parameter identifier to the terminal Streaming media data of streaming media parameters. This helps the video server to send streaming media data to the terminal according to the target streaming media parameter identifier under the current network conditions.
  • the video server after receiving the target streaming media parameter identifier, sends the target streaming media parameter identifier to the terminal in response to receiving a streaming media data acquisition request from the terminal. Streaming media data of the indicated streaming media parameters.
  • the sixth aspect is a method for adjusting streaming media parameters dynamically and adaptively to a network according to an embodiment of this application, which specifically includes: a terminal receives a target streaming media parameter identifier from an access network device, wherein the current network condition satisfies the target stream The network requirements of the streaming media data of the streaming media parameters indicated by the media parameter identifier during transmission, and the target streaming media parameter identifier is one of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers, and the at least two streams Each streaming media parameter identifier in the media parameter identifier is used to indicate a streaming media parameter supported by the video server; then, the terminal sends a streaming media data acquisition request to the video server according to the target streaming media parameter identifier, so The streaming media acquisition request includes the streaming media data acquisition address corresponding to the target streaming media parameter identifier.
  • the terminal can send a streaming media data acquisition request to the video server according to the target streaming media parameter identifier, so that under the current network conditions, the video server can return to the terminal the stream of the streaming media parameter identified by the target streaming media parameter identifier.
  • Media data
  • the terminal receives media summary information from the video server, where the media summary information includes the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers; or, the terminal receives the media summary information from the access network device Obtain the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers. This helps to simplify the way the terminal obtains the streaming media parameters supported by the video server.
  • the terminal sends a streaming media data acquisition request to the video server according to the target streaming media parameter identifier when the current buffer duration is less than or equal to the first threshold.
  • the terminal receives the first network QoS information from the session management network element, and the first network QoS information includes the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers and the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers.
  • the QoS rule corresponding to the parameter identifier then, the terminal performs QoS parameter configuration on the PDU session used for streaming media data transmission according to the QoS rule corresponding to the target streaming media parameter identifier.
  • the seventh aspect is a communication device according to an embodiment of this application, which specifically includes: a transceiver unit and a processing unit.
  • the transceiving unit is configured to receive media service quality QoS information from the session management network element, and the media QoS information includes: at least two streaming media parameter identifiers and each of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers.
  • the media parameter identifier corresponds to QoS requirement information, and each streaming media parameter identifier is used to indicate a type of streaming media parameter supported by the video server;
  • the processing unit is configured to determine a target streaming media parameter identifier from the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers according to the current network condition and the media QoS information, and the current network condition meets the indication of the target streaming media parameter identifier The network requirements of the streaming media data during the transmission of the streaming media parameters;
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to send a target streaming media parameter identifier of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers to a terminal or a video server.
  • the QoS requirement information corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier is used to indicate the network requirements during transmission of the streaming media data corresponding to the streaming media parameter indicated by the streaming media parameter identifier.
  • the processing unit is configured to determine a target streaming media parameter identifier from the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers according to the current network status and the media QoS information, which specifically includes:
  • the processing unit is used to monitor the size of the network bandwidth, and when the difference between the size of the monitored network bandwidth and the size of the target network bandwidth is within the target range for the target duration, identify from the at least two streaming media parameters
  • the stream media parameter identifier in the stream media parameter that is used to indicate that the network bandwidth required during transmission of the stream media data is the size of the target network bandwidth is determined as the target stream media parameter identifier.
  • the media QoS information further includes cache information, the cache information is used to indicate the minimum cache duration required by the terminal to allow video playback, and the target duration is less than or equal to the minimum cache duration .
  • the processing unit is further configured to determine the target duration according to the cache information.
  • the media QoS information further includes: a media identifier, and the media identifier is used to indicate a streaming media service of a streaming media parameter adaptive network.
  • the QoS requirement information corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier includes a QoS configuration file corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier.
  • the processing unit is further configured to perform QoS parameter configuration on the protocol data unit PDU session used for streaming media data transmission according to the QoS configuration file corresponding to the target streaming media parameter identifier;
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to send the target streaming media parameter identifier to the user plane network element.
  • the transceiver unit is configured to send the target streaming media parameter identifier of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers to the terminal or the video server, which specifically includes:
  • the transceiver unit is configured to carry the target streaming media parameter identifier in an RRC message and send it to the terminal or the video server; or,
  • the transceiver unit is configured to carry the target streaming media parameter identifier in the header information of a user plane downlink message and send it to the terminal or the video server.
  • the eighth aspect is a communication device according to an embodiment of this application, which specifically includes: a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive media information from a video server, the media information includes at least two streaming media parameter identifiers and streaming media parameters indicated by each of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers Network requirement information during transmission of the streaming media data, where each streaming media parameter identifier is used to indicate a streaming media parameter supported by the video server;
  • the sending unit is configured to send media network requirement information to the session management network element, where the media network requirement information includes the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers and each of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers. Identifies the corresponding quality of service QoS information, and the QoS information corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier is used to indicate the network requirements during transmission of the streaming media data of the streaming media parameter indicated by the corresponding streaming media parameter identifier.
  • the QoS information corresponding to the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers is obtained by the policy control network element according to the media information.
  • the media network requirement information further includes cache information and/or media identification
  • the cache information is used to indicate the minimum buffer duration required for the terminal to allow video playback
  • the media identification is used to indicate the stream Media parameter adaptive network streaming service.
  • the ninth aspect is a communication device according to an embodiment of this application, which specifically includes: a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive media network demand information from a policy control network element, and the media network demand information includes at least two streaming media parameter identifiers and each of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers.
  • QoS information corresponding to the parameter identifier, each of the streaming media parameter identifiers is used to indicate a type of streaming media parameter supported by the video server, and the QoS information corresponding to each of the streaming media parameter identifiers is used to indicate the corresponding streaming media parameter identifier
  • the sending unit is configured to send media QoS information to an access network device, where the media QoS information includes at least two streaming media parameter identifiers and QoS requirement information corresponding to the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers.
  • the QoS requirement information corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier is used to indicate the network requirements during transmission of the streaming media data corresponding to the streaming media parameter indicated by the streaming media parameter identifier.
  • the QoS requirement information corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier includes a QoS configuration file corresponding to each streaming media parameter identifier.
  • the sending unit is further configured to send the first network QoS information to the terminal, and send the second network QoS information to the user plane network element, and the first network QoS information includes the at least two Streaming media parameter identifiers and QoS rules corresponding to each of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers, and the second network QoS information includes the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers and the QoS rules associated with the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers.
  • Each streaming media parameter identifier in the three streaming media parameter identifiers corresponds to the PDR.
  • the media QoS information further includes buffer information and/or media identification
  • the buffer information is used to indicate the minimum buffer duration required for the terminal to allow video playback
  • the media identification is used to indicate streaming media Parameter adaptive network streaming media service.
  • the tenth aspect is a communication device according to an embodiment of this application, which specifically includes: a transceiver unit and a processing unit.
  • the transceiver unit is configured to receive second network quality of service QoS information from the session management network element, and the second network QoS information includes the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers and the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers.
  • Each streaming media parameter identifier corresponds to the PDR, and each streaming media parameter identifier is used to indicate a type of streaming media parameter supported by the video server;
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to receive a target streaming media parameter identifier sent by an access network device, where the target streaming media parameter identifier is one of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers, and the current network condition satisfies the target stream The network requirements of the streaming media data of the streaming media parameters indicated by the media parameter identifier during transmission;
  • the processing unit is configured to perform QoS parameter configuration on the PDU session used for streaming media data transmission according to the PDR corresponding to the target streaming media parameter identifier among the PDRs corresponding to the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers.
  • the eleventh aspect is a communication device according to an embodiment of this application, which specifically includes: a processing unit and a transceiver unit.
  • the processing unit is configured to generate media information, and the media information includes the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers, and the information of the streaming media parameters indicated by each of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers.
  • the transceiver unit is used to send the media information to the policy control network element.
  • the media-related information further includes cache information, and/or a media identifier
  • the cache information is used to indicate the minimum cache duration required for the terminal to allow video playback
  • the media identifier is used to indicate the stream Media parameter adaptive network streaming service.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to send media summary information to the terminal, where the media summary information includes the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to receive a target streaming media parameter identifier sent by the access network device, and send streaming media data of the streaming media parameter indicated by the target streaming media parameter identifier to the terminal;
  • the current network condition satisfies the network requirements during transmission of the streaming media data indicated by the target streaming media parameter identifier, and the target streaming media parameter identifier is one of the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers Logo.
  • the transceiver unit is specifically configured to send the target streaming media to the terminal in response to receiving a streaming media data acquisition request from the terminal after receiving the target streaming media parameter identifier.
  • the parameter identifier indicates the streaming media data of the streaming media parameter.
  • the twelfth aspect is a communication device according to an embodiment of this application, which specifically includes: a transceiver unit and a processing unit.
  • the transceiving unit is configured to receive a target streaming media parameter identifier from an access network device, wherein the current network condition meets the network requirements for streaming media data of the streaming media parameter indicated by the target streaming media parameter identifier during transmission, and
  • the target streaming media parameter identifier is one streaming media parameter identifier in at least two streaming media parameter identifiers, and each streaming media parameter identifier in the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers is used to indicate a type of streaming media supported by the video server parameter;
  • the processing unit is configured to send a streaming media data acquisition request to the video server according to the target streaming media parameter identifier, where the streaming media acquisition request includes a streaming media data acquisition address corresponding to the target streaming media parameter identifier.
  • the transceiver unit is also used for:
  • the transceiver unit is configured to send a streaming media data acquisition request to the video server according to the target streaming media parameter identifier when the current buffer duration is less than or equal to a first threshold.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to receive first network quality of service QoS information from the session management network element, where the first network QoS information includes the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers and the QoS rules corresponding to the at least two streaming media parameter identifiers;
  • the processing unit is further configured to perform QoS parameter configuration on the PDU session used for streaming media data transmission according to the QoS rule corresponding to the target streaming media parameter identifier.
  • the thirteenth aspect is a communication device according to an embodiment of this application, which specifically includes: a processor and a memory; the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor runs the computer program stored in the memory,
  • the communication device executes any possible designed method in the first aspect or the first aspect, or executes any possible designed method in the second or second aspect mentioned above, or executes the third aspect or the third aspect mentioned above Any possible design method in the above-mentioned fourth aspect or the fourth aspect, or any possible design method in the above-mentioned fifth aspect or the fifth aspect, or execution as the above-mentioned
  • the sixth aspect or any possible design method of the sixth aspect is a communication device according to an embodiment of this application, which specifically includes: a processor and a memory; the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor runs the computer program stored in the memory,
  • the communication device executes any possible designed method in the first aspect or the first aspect, or executes any possible designed method in the second or second aspect mentioned above, or executes the third aspect or the third aspect mentioned
  • the fourteenth aspect is a computer-readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program.
  • the computer program runs on a computer, the computer executes the first aspect described above.
  • any possible design method in the first aspect, or implementation of any possible design method in the above second aspect or second aspect, or implementation of any possible design method in the above third aspect or third aspect Or execute the method as in any one of the above-mentioned fourth aspect or the fourth aspect, or execute the method as in any one of the above-mentioned fifth aspect or the fifth aspect, or execute as in the above-mentioned sixth aspect or the sixth aspect Any possible design method.
  • the fifteenth aspect is a computer program product according to an embodiment of this application.
  • the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the methods described in the above aspects.
  • the sixteenth aspect is a communication system according to an embodiment of this application.
  • the communication system includes the access network device in the first aspect, the policy control network element in the second aspect, and the session in the third aspect. Manage network elements.
  • the communication system may further include the user plane network element of the fourth aspect described above.
  • the communication system may further include the terminal of the above-mentioned fifth aspect and/or the terminal of the above-mentioned sixth aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture to which an embodiment of this application is applicable;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for adjusting a streaming media bit rate dynamic adaptive network according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of another method for adjusting a streaming media code rate dynamic adaptive network according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of another method for adjusting a streaming media code rate dynamic adaptive network according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another method for adjusting a streaming media code rate dynamic adaptive network according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • At least one refers to one or more, and “multiple” refers to two or more than two.
  • “And/or” describes the association relationship of the associated object, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A alone exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an “or” relationship.
  • the following at least one (item) or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (a) or a plurality of items (a).
  • At least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b and c, where a, b, c Each of them can be an element or a collection containing one or more elements.
  • transmission can include sending and/or receiving, and can be a noun or a verb.
  • the "network element” involved in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as a "device”, which is not limited.
  • the network element can be hardware, software that is functionally divided, or a structure combining the two.
  • the network elements may include core network network elements, access network network elements (or referred to as access network equipment), and so on. Core network network elements, such as session management network elements, user plane network elements, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method for dynamically adaptive network adjustment of streaming media bit rate, and the access network device realizes the adjustment of the bit rate of streaming media data according to the current network conditions.
  • the bit rate of streaming media data can be adjusted to adapt to changes in network conditions, so that users can watch videos with clearer picture quality on the terminal in real time when the network conditions are better.
  • the streaming media data with a smaller bit rate is transmitted, which helps the user to reduce the possibility of video jams when the terminal is watching the video in real time, thereby helping to improve the user's test.
  • the streaming media data in the embodiments of the present application may be understood as a segment of video stream, which may include one or more video frames. For example, for a video with a duration of 45 minutes, the video can be divided into multiple streaming media data of equal length in time, and each streaming media data corresponds to one or more bit rates.
  • the streaming media transmitted by the video server to the terminal The bit rate of the data can be adjusted according to the network conditions, or it can be set by the user on the video client terminal of the terminal.
  • the streaming media parameters in the embodiments of the present application may be used to indicate the definition of the video frame quality.
  • the streaming media parameters may be bitrate, resolution, and/or frame rate.
  • the size of the bit rate depends on the resolution and frame rate.
  • bit rate bit rate
  • bit rate adaptive network adjustment the frame rate and resolution will also be adjusted accordingly.
  • the higher the bit rate the clearer the video quality. For example, a video with a bit rate of 10 Mbps is clearer than a video with a bit rate of 5 Mbps.
  • the higher the bit rate the higher the demand for network bandwidth for streaming media data transmission. For example, the network bandwidth required for the transmission of streaming media data with a code rate of 10 Mbps is greater than the network bandwidth required for the transmission of streaming media data with a code rate of 5 Mbps.
  • the streaming media parameter identifier is used to indicate the streaming media parameter in the embodiments of the present application, and the streaming media parameter identifiers of different streaming media parameters are different. It should be noted that in the case that the streaming media parameter is the bit rate, the streaming media parameter identification can also be called the bit rate identification. Similarly, when the streaming media parameter is the resolution, the streaming media parameter identification can also be called This is the resolution identifier. In the case where the streaming media parameter is the frame rate, the streaming media parameter identifier can also be referred to as the frame rate identifier. Take the streaming media parameter as the resolution as an example. For example, the resolution of 360P is identified as 000, the resolution of 720P is identified as 001, and the resolution of 1080P is identified as 010.
  • the implementation of the dynamic adaptive network adjustment method for streaming media parameters of this application on the network side involves access network equipment, mobility management network elements, session management network elements, user plane network elements, and policy control network elements.
  • the access network equipment is the access network network element
  • the mobility management network element, the session management network element, the user plane network element, and the policy control network element are the core network network elements.
  • the access network device is used to provide wireless communication functions for the terminal, such as a radio access network (RAN) network element.
  • the mobility management network element is used to be responsible for the mobility management of the terminal, such as a mobility management entity (MME) or an access and mobility management function entity (AMF) entity.
  • MME mobility management entity
  • AMF access and mobility management function entity
  • the session management network element is used to control the establishment, modification, and deletion of a packet data unit (PDU) session, such as a session management function (SMF) entity.
  • PDU packet data unit
  • the user plane network element is responsible for connecting to an external network (for example, a data network (DN)), such as a user plane function (UPF) entity.
  • DN data network
  • UPF user plane function
  • the policy control network element is used for policy control, such as generating a quality of service (QoS) parameter set, such as a policy control function (PCF) entity.
  • QoS quality of service
  • PCF policy control function
  • the terminal may also be referred to as terminal equipment, user equipment (user equipment), mobile terminal, media client, etc., which is not limited, and the video server may also be referred to as a streaming media server, etc. , The comparison is not limited.
  • the following uses UE and video server as examples to introduce the embodiments of the present application.
  • the network architecture is the 5th generation mobile communication technology (5G) network architecture.
  • the network architecture includes radio access network (RAN), AMF entity, SMF entity, UPF entity, PCF entity, DN, etc.
  • the network architecture further includes a unified data management function (UDM) entity, an authentication server function (authentication server function, AUSF) entity, an application function (AF) entity, and a network opening function (network exposure function, NEF) entity and network data analysis function (network data analysis function, NWDAF) entity, etc.
  • RAN radio access network
  • AMF authentication server function
  • SMF authentication server function
  • UPF authentication server function
  • PCF PCF entity
  • DN DN
  • the network architecture further includes a unified data management function (UDM) entity, an authentication server function (authentication server function, AUSF) entity, an application function (AF) entity, and a network opening function (network exposure function, NEF) entity and network data analysis function (network data analysis function, NWDAF) entity, etc.
  • the main function of the RAN (also referred to as an access network (access network, AN)) is to control the UE to access the mobile communication network through wireless access.
  • RAN is a part of the mobile communication system. It implements a wireless access technology.
  • the RAN controls the UEW to access the mobile communication network through wireless access through the RAN network element, and is located between the UE and the core network element.
  • RAN network elements can also be called access network equipment, including but not limited to: 5G (gnodeB, gNB), evolved node B (evolved node B, eNB), radio network controller (RNC) ), node B (node B, NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved nodeB, or home node B, HNB), Baseband unit (BBU), transmission point (transmitting and receiving point, TRP), transmission point (TP), mobile switching center, etc.
  • RAN equipment can also include wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, wifi). ) Access point (access point, AP), etc.
  • the AMF entity is responsible for the access management and mobility management of the UE, including management of user registration, reachability detection, selection of SMF entities, and mobility state transition management.
  • the SMF entity is mainly responsible for controlling the establishment, modification and deletion of PDU sessions, and the selection of UPF entities.
  • the UPF entity is mainly responsible for data packet routing and forwarding, mobility anchors, and uplink classifiers to support routing traffic to the data network, branch points to support multi-homing PDU sessions, and so on.
  • the PCF entity is the policy decision point, which is mainly responsible for providing rules based on service data flow and application detection, gating, QoS, and flow-based charging control.
  • the UDM entity is mainly responsible for storing user subscription data.
  • the AUSF entity is mainly used to provide authentication services.
  • the AF entity is mainly used to interact with the 3rd generation partnership project (3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP) core network to provide services to affect service flow routing, access network capability opening, policy control, etc.
  • 3rd generation partnership project 3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP
  • NEF entities are mainly used to safely open services and capabilities provided by 3GPP network functions, such as third parties, edge computing, AF, etc.
  • the DN provides network services for the UE, such as operator services, Internet access, or third-party services.
  • the NWDAF entity is mainly used to provide network data collection and analysis functions based on technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence.
  • the "entity" in each functional entity is removed, for example, the AMF entity is abbreviated as AMF, and the UPF entity is abbreviated as UPF.
  • AMF AMF
  • UPF UPF
  • the communication between any two network elements can adopt a service-oriented communication method, such as the interface Nnef used for communication between NEF and AUSF And Nausf are both service-oriented interfaces.
  • the interfaces Nnwdaf, Nnrf, Npcf, Nudm, Naf, Namf, and Nsmf are service-oriented interfaces.
  • AMF and UE can communicate through N1 interface
  • AMF and RAN network element can communicate through N2 interface
  • RAN network element and UPF can communicate through N3 interface
  • SMF and UPF can communicate through N4 interface
  • UE and RAN network element can communicate
  • UPF and DN can communicate through the N6 interface
  • the UPF communicates through the N9 interface.
  • service-oriented interface between the various network elements in FIG. 1 can also be replaced with a point-to-point interface.
  • the network elements related to this application are mainly: RAN network elements, AMF entities, SMF entities, UPF entities, and PCF entities.
  • the UE in the embodiment of the present application is a device with wireless transceiver function, which can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on the water (such as a ship, etc.); it can also be deployed In the air (for example, on airplanes, balloons, satellites, etc.).
  • the UE can be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (pad), a smart screen, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, an industrial control ( Wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, and transportation safety Wireless terminal, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, etc.
  • a mobile phone mobile phone
  • a tablet computer pad
  • a smart screen a computer with wireless transceiver function
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • Wireless terminals in industrial control Wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, and transportation safety Wireless terminal, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, etc.
  • Fig. 1 is only an example of a network architecture applicable to the embodiment of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other network architectures, for example, future mobile communication network architectures (such as 6G network architecture).
  • the method for adjusting the dynamic adaptive network of streaming media parameters in the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail.
  • the streaming media parameters are other parameters such as resolution or frame rate
  • the method for dynamically adaptive network adjustment of streaming media parameters can be found in the adjustment method of streaming media parameters dynamic adaptive network when the streaming media parameter is bit rate, which is not here anymore. Go into details.
  • a method for adjusting a streaming media parameter dynamic adaptive network specifically includes the following steps.
  • Step 201 The video server sends media information to the PCF.
  • the media information includes N code rate identifiers, and network requirement information during transmission of the streaming media data indicated by each code rate identifier in the N code rate identifiers, where each code in the N code rate identifiers
  • the rate indicator is used to indicate a bit rate supported by the video server, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the code rate identifier may be a code rate index (also referred to as a code rate number), which may be predefined through a protocol, or may be generated by a video server.
  • the code rates supported by the video server are 10Mbps, 5Mbps, and 2Mbps, and the code rates are 10Mbps, 5Mbps, and 2Mbps, respectively, and the code rate indexes 00, 01, and 10 are obtained.
  • the code rate index 00 is used to indicate the code rate of 10Mbps.
  • the code rate index 01 is used to indicate the code rate of 5 Mbps
  • the code rate index 10 is used to indicate the code rate of 2 Mbps.
  • the code rate identifier may also be the size of the network bandwidth corresponding to the code rate.
  • the size of the network bandwidth corresponding to the code rate identifier can be understood as the minimum network bandwidth required for streaming media data transmission of the code rate identified by the code rate identifier.
  • the code rates supported by the video server are 10Mbps, 5Mbps and 2Mbps respectively. If 2Mbps corresponds to the network bandwidth size A, 5Mbps corresponds to the network bandwidth size B, 10Mbps corresponds to the network bandwidth size C, use A to indicate 2Mbps , B indicates 5Mbps, C indicates 10Mbps, that is, the code rate identifiers of 10Mbps, 5Mbps, and 2Mbps are C, B, and A, respectively.
  • the foregoing is only an example of the code rate identification, and the embodiment of the present application may also use other information to identify different code rates, which is not limited.
  • the video server sends media information to the PCF through AF.
  • the AF can send the media information to the NEF through the Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create service, and then the NEF authenticates it and sends it to the PCF through the Npcf_PolicyAuthorization_Create service.
  • the media information may also include a media indicator, which is used to indicate the streaming media service of the rate-adaptive network, so as to instruct the PCF to send media requirement information to the SMF. Please refer to the related introduction of step 202, which will not be repeated here.
  • the network demand information of streaming media data at the bit rate indicated by a bit rate identifier may include information such as transmission delay, throughput rate, and network bandwidth.
  • Step 202 After the PCF receives the media information from the video server, it sends the media network requirement information to the SMF.
  • the media network requirement information includes N code rate identifiers and QoS information corresponding to the N code rate identifiers.
  • the QoS information corresponding to each code rate identifier in the N code rate identifiers is used to indicate what the corresponding code rate identifier indicates Network requirements for streaming media data at bit rate during transmission.
  • the QoS information corresponding to each code rate identifier in the N code rate identifiers may be obtained according to the network requirement information during transmission of the streaming media data of the code rate indicated by the corresponding code rate identifier.
  • the QoS information can be a QoS parameter set.
  • N 3 as an example.
  • the N code rate identifiers are number 1, number 2, and number 3.
  • the code rate indicated by number 1 is 2Mbps
  • the code rate indicated by number 2 is 5Mbps
  • the code rate indicated by number 3 is 10Mbps
  • the PCF is based on 2Mbps.
  • the QoS information corresponding to each code rate identifier in the N code rate identifiers may be network requirement information during transmission of streaming media data of the code rate indicated by the corresponding code rate identifier.
  • N code rate identifiers are number 1, number 2, and number 3, where the code rate indicated by number 1 is 2Mbps, the code rate indicated by number 2 is 5Mbps, and the code rate indicated by number 3 is 10Mbps.
  • the network demand information of 5Mbps and 10Mbps streaming media data during transmission is network demand information 1, network demand information 2 and network demand information 3 respectively, then the QoS information corresponding to number 1 is network demand information 1, and the QoS information corresponding to number 2 It is network demand information 2, and the QoS information corresponding to number 31 is network demand information 3.
  • the media network demand information may also include a media identifier, so as to indicate that the SMF can send media QoS information to the RAN network element.
  • the media network demand information may also include a media identifier, so as to indicate that the SMF can send media QoS information to the RAN network element.
  • the PCF can send the media network requirement information to the SMF by carrying the Npcf_SMPolicyControl_Update/Create.
  • the PCF may also send the media network requirement information to the SMF by carrying the newly defined information.
  • Step 203 After receiving the media network requirement information from the PCF, the SMF sends the media QoS information to the RAN network element.
  • the media QoS information includes N code rate identifiers and QoS requirement information corresponding to the N code rate identifiers, respectively.
  • the QoS requirement information corresponding to each code rate identifier in the N code rate identifiers is used to indicate the network requirements during transmission of streaming media data of the code rate indicated by the corresponding code rate identifier.
  • the QoS requirement information corresponding to each code rate identifier in the N code rate identifiers includes a QoS profile (QoS profile) corresponding to the code rate identifier.
  • the QoS requirement information corresponding to each code rate identifier in the N code rate identifiers is determined by the SMF according to the QoS information corresponding to the code rate identifier. Take the value of N as 3 as an example.
  • the N code rate identifiers are number 1, number 2, and number 3.
  • the code rate indicated by number 1 is 2 Mbps
  • the code rate indicated by number 2 is 5 Mbps
  • the code rate indicated by number 3 is 10 Mbps.
  • QoS information corresponding to number 1 determine the QoS demand information corresponding to number 1, determine the QoS demand information corresponding to number 2 according to the QoS information corresponding to number 2, and determine the QoS demand information corresponding to number 3 according to the QoS information corresponding to number 3
  • Corresponding QoS requirement information is used to indicate the network requirement of 2 Mbps streaming media data during transmission (for example, the minimum network bandwidth required for 2 Mbps streaming media data during transmission).
  • the QoS requirement information corresponding to the number 2 is used to indicate the network requirement of 5Mbps streaming media data during transmission.
  • the QoS requirement information corresponding to the number 3 is used to indicate the network requirement of the streaming media data of 10 Mbps during transmission.
  • the SMF can send media QoS information to the RAN network element through the AMF.
  • the SMF may carry the media QoS information in the N2SM Container included in the Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer and send it to the AMF. Then the AMF sends the N2 SM Container to the RAN network element through the N2 PDU Session service process.
  • the media QoS information may also include the media identifier, so as to indicate to the RAN network element to determine the target code rate identifier according to the current network status.
  • the media QoS information may also include the media identifier, so as to indicate to the RAN network element to determine the target code rate identifier according to the current network status.
  • Step 204 After receiving the media QoS information from the SMF, the RAN network element determines the target code rate identifier from the N code rate identifiers according to the current network status and the media QoS information. Wherein, the current network status meets the network requirements of the streaming media data during transmission of the code rate indicated by the target code rate identifier.
  • the RAN network element may determine the target code rate identifier from the N code rate identifiers based on the current network status and media QoS information based on the following methods:
  • RAN network element monitors the size of the network bandwidth
  • the RAN network element determines from the N code rate identifiers to indicate that the streaming media data is being transmitted
  • the code rate identifier of the code rate is the target code rate identifier.
  • the RAN network element can monitor the size of the network bandwidth in real time, or periodically monitor the size of the network bandwidth, where the period of the RAN network element monitoring the network bandwidth is less than the target duration.
  • the target duration may also be referred to as a monitoring time window, which may be predefined or determined by the RAN network element according to cache information, which is not limited.
  • the buffer information is used to indicate the minimum buffer duration required by the UE to allow the video to be played. It should be noted that in the case where the UE plays a video through the video client, the minimum buffer duration required by the UE to allow video playback can be understood as: the minimum buffer duration required by the video client to allow video playback.
  • the UE is allowed to play the video only when the buffer duration of the streaming media data reaches 3s.
  • the UE prohibits playing the video, that is, the video is in a state of paused playback.
  • the target duration is less than or equal to the minimum buffer duration required by the UE to allow video playback, so that the RAN network element can dynamically adjust the stream transmitted between the video server and the UE according to the monitored network bandwidth.
  • the bit rate of the media data is less than or equal to the minimum buffer duration required by the UE to allow video playback.
  • the target duration is greater than the minimum buffer duration required by the UE to allow video playback, it may cause the bit rate of the streaming media data transmitted between the video server and the UE to be adjusted untimely, causing the user to watch the video online, resulting in a video playback card. Pause, the user experience is poor.
  • the buffer information may be sent by the video server to the RAN network element, or may be obtained by the RAN network element from the UE. Further, in the case that the buffer information is sent by the video server to the RAN network element, the video server can carry the buffer information in the media information and send it to the PCF, and then the PCF can carry the buffer information in the media network demand information and send it to the SMF. , SMF carries the buffer information in the media QoS information and sends it to the RAN network element, thereby simplifying the way the video server sends the buffer information to the RAN network element. It should be noted that the cache information may be obtained from the UE through information interaction between the video server and the UE through application layer information, or it may be pre-configured in the video server, which is not limited.
  • the target range may be an error range predefined through a protocol, or may be an error range pre-configured in the video server, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the method for obtaining the target range. Take the value of N as 3 as an example.
  • the N code rate identifiers are number 1, number 2, and number 3, where the code rate indicated by number 1 is 2Mbps, the code rate indicated by number 2 is 5Mbps, the code rate indicated by number 3 is 10Mbps, and the stream of 2Mbps
  • the network bandwidth required for media data is 100M
  • the network bandwidth required for 5Mbps streaming media data is 200M
  • the network bandwidth required for 10Mbps streaming media data is 300M
  • the target range is [-10M, + 10M]
  • the RAN network element determines that the number 2 is the target bit rate logo. If the difference between the network bandwidth monitored by the RAN network element and the network bandwidth required by the 10Mbps streaming media data is within the target range for a target duration, the RAN network element determines that the number 2 is the target bit rate logo. If the difference between the network bandwidth monitored by the RAN network element and the network bandwidth required by the 10Mbps streaming media data is within the target range for a target duration
  • Step 205 The RAN network element sends the target code rate identifier to the UE.
  • the RAN network element may carry the target code rate identifier in the header information of a radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) message or a user plane downlink message and send it to the UE.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the RAN network element may carry the target code rate identifier in the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) header of the user plane message and send it to the UE.
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • the foregoing is only an exemplary description of the RAN network element sending the target code rate identifier to the UE, and does not constitute a limitation to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the RAN network element may also send the target code rate identifier to the UE in other ways.
  • Step 206 The UE receives the target code rate identifier from the video server, and sends a streaming media data acquisition request to the video server according to the target code rate identifier, where the streaming media data acquisition request includes the streaming media data acquisition corresponding to the target code rate identifier address.
  • the address for acquiring streaming media data may be an Internet Protocol (IP) address.
  • the UE when the current buffer duration is less than or equal to the first threshold, the UE sends a streaming media data acquisition request to the video server according to the target bitrate identifier.
  • the first threshold may be predefined or determined by the UE in combination with specific scenarios, which is not limited.
  • the first threshold may be 3 minutes, 5 minutes, and so on.
  • the current cache duration is the current cache duration of the video client.
  • the video server may also send media summary information to the UE, where the media summary information includes N code rate identifiers, where the N code rate identifiers are the same as the aforementioned media information, media network demand information, and media QoS information. same.
  • the video server may send the media summary information to the UE through application layer information, and may also send the media summary information to the UE through a newly defined message, so that the UE can identify the target code rate identifier.
  • the UE may also obtain N code rate identifiers from the RAN network element.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the manner in which the UE obtains the N code rate identifiers.
  • Step 207 The video server receives the streaming media data acquisition request from the UE, obtains the address from the streaming media data corresponding to the target code rate identifier, obtains the streaming media data whose code rate is indicated by the target code rate identifier, and returns the target code rate to the UE Identifies the streaming media data indicating the bit rate.
  • the user uses the video client of the UE to watch a 45-minute video online. Whenever the current buffer duration of the video client is less than or equal to the first threshold, the user sends a streaming media data acquisition request to the video server. Each time the video server responds After receiving a streaming media data acquisition request sent by the UE, the duration of the streaming media data returned to the UE is T. For example, at time T1, the UE receives the target code rate identifier sent from the RAN network element.
  • the UE plays the video so that the current buffer duration is less than or equal to the first threshold, and then the target code rate identifier , Sending a streaming media data acquisition request to the video server, and the video server responds to the streaming media data acquisition request sent by the terminal according to the target bitrate identifier, and returns the streaming media data indicated by the target bitrate identifier to the UE.
  • another method for adjusting a dynamic adaptive network of streaming media parameters specifically includes the following steps.
  • Step 301 The video server sends media information to the PCF.
  • the media information includes N code rate identifiers, and network requirement information during transmission of the streaming media data indicated by each code rate identifier in the N code rate identifiers, where each code in the N code rate identifiers
  • the rate indicator is used to indicate a bit rate supported by the video server, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • Step 302 After the PCF receives the media information from the video server, it sends the media network requirement information to the SMF.
  • the media network requirement information includes N code rate identifiers and QoS information corresponding to the N code rate identifiers.
  • the QoS information corresponding to each code rate identifier in the N code rate identifiers is used to indicate what the corresponding code rate identifier indicates Network requirements for streaming media data at bit rate during transmission.
  • Step 303 After receiving the media network requirement information from the PCF, the SMF sends the media QoS information to the RAN network element.
  • the media QoS information includes N code rate identifiers and QoS requirement information corresponding to the N code rate identifiers, respectively.
  • Step 304 After receiving the media QoS information from the SMF, the RAN network element determines the target code rate identifier from the N code rate identifiers according to the current network status and the media QoS information. Wherein, the current network status meets the network requirements of the streaming media data during transmission of the code rate indicated by the target code rate identifier.
  • Step 305 The RAN network element sends the target code rate identifier to the video server.
  • the RAN network element may carry the target code rate identifier in the control plane signaling or the header information of the user plane downlink message and send it to the video server.
  • the RAN network element can interact with the SMF by control plane signaling, and identify the target code rate to the SMF, and then the SMF sends the target code rate identification notification to the PCF, and then the PCF sends the target code rate identification notification through the capability opening service To the AF, the AF sends the target code rate identification notification to the video server.
  • the RAN network element may carry the target code rate identifier in the user plane GPRS tunneling protocol (GPRS tunneling protocol for the user plane, GTP-U) header of the user plane message and send it to the UPF, and the UPF then sends the target code rate
  • the identifier is carried in the internet protocol (IP) header of the user plane message and sent to the video server.
  • IP internet protocol
  • the foregoing is only an exemplary description of the RAN network element sending the target code rate identifier to the video server, and does not constitute a limitation to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the RAN network element may also send the target bit rate identifier to the video server in other ways.
  • Step 306 The video server receives the target code rate identifier from the RAN network element, and sends the streaming media data of the code rate indicated by the target code rate identifier to the UE.
  • the video server in response to receiving the streaming media data acquisition request from the UE, sends the streaming media data of the code rate indicated by the target code rate identifier to the UE.
  • the UE may send a streaming media data acquisition request to the video server according to the target bit rate identifier when the current buffer duration is less than or equal to the first threshold.
  • steps 301 to 304 in the second example reference may be made to the related introductions of steps 201 to 204 in the first example, and details are not repeated here.
  • the difference from the first example is that in the second example, there is no need to improve the UE, and the RAN network element directly sends the target bit rate identifier to the video server.
  • one and example two involved in a streaming media bit rate dynamic adaptive network adjustment method can be applied to the maximum bit rate (maximum bit rate, MBR) business scenario, for the guaranteed bit rate (guaranteed bit rate, GBR) business
  • MBR maximum bit rate
  • GBR guaranteed bit rate
  • the bit rate of the streaming media data transmitted between the video server and the UE is adjusted to the size of the network bandwidth monitored by the RAN network element
  • the connection between the UE and the video server can be established through the PDU session, so as to realize the transmission of streaming media data between the UE and the video server.
  • a method for adjusting a dynamic adaptive network of streaming media parameters specifically includes the following steps.
  • Step 401 The video server sends media information to the PCF.
  • the media information includes N code rate identifiers, and network requirement information during transmission of the streaming media data indicated by each code rate identifier in the N code rate identifiers, where each code in the N code rate identifiers
  • the rate indicator is used to indicate a bit rate supported by the video server, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • Step 402 After receiving the media information from the video server, the PCF sends the media network requirement information to the SMF.
  • the media network requirement information includes N code rate identifiers and QoS information corresponding to the N code rate identifiers.
  • the QoS information corresponding to each code rate identifier in the N code rate identifiers is used to indicate what the corresponding code rate identifier indicates Network requirements for streaming media data at bit rate during transmission.
  • step 403a, step 403b, and step 403c After the SMF receives the media network requirement information from the PCF, it executes step 403a, step 403b, and step 403c. Among them, step 403a, step 403b, and step 403c have no inevitable sequence. For example, step 403a, step 403b, and step 403c may be executed at the same time or not at the same time, and the comparison is not limited.
  • Step 403a The SMF sends media QoS information to the RAN network element.
  • the media QoS information includes N code rate identifiers and QoS requirement information corresponding to each of the N code rate identifiers.
  • the QoS requirement information corresponding to each code rate identifier of the N code rate identifiers includes the The code rate identifies the corresponding QoS profile (QoS profile).
  • Step 403b The first network QoS information sent by the SMF to the UE.
  • the first network QoS information includes N code rate identifiers and a QoS rule (QoS rule) corresponding to each of the N code rate identifiers.
  • QoS rule QoS rule
  • Step 403c The SMF sends the second network QoS information to the UPF.
  • the second network QoS information includes N code rate identifiers and a packet detection rule (PDR) corresponding to each of the N code rate identifiers.
  • PDR packet detection rule
  • the QoS configuration file, QoS rule, and PDR corresponding to each of the N code rate identifiers are determined by the SMF according to the media network demand information from the PCF.
  • the N code rate indexes are number 1, number 2, and number 3.
  • the code rate indicated by number 1 is 2 Mbps
  • the code rate indicated by number 2 is 5 Mbps
  • the code rate indicated by number 3 is 10 Mbps.
  • the corresponding QoS information is QoS parameter set 1
  • the QoS information corresponding to number 2 is QoS parameter set 2
  • the QoS information corresponding to number 3 is QoS parameter set 3.
  • PCF determines the QoS corresponding to number 1 according to QoS parameter set 1.
  • QoS parameter set 2 determines the QoS profile, QoS rule, and PDR corresponding to number 2; and according to QoS parameter set 3, determine the QoS profile, QoS rule, and PDR corresponding to number 3.
  • the SMF may send the media QoS information to the RAN network element through the AMF, and send the first network QoS information to the UE through the AMF.
  • the SMF may carry the media QoS information in the N2 SM Container included in the Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer, and carry the first network QoS information in the N1 SM Container included in the Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer and send it to the AMF.
  • the AMF then sends the N1 SM Container and N2 SM Container to the RAN network element through the N2 PDU Session service process. After the RAN network element receives the N1 SM Container, it sends the N1 SM Container to the UE, so that the UE receives the first message from the SMF. 1. Network QoS information.
  • the SMF may send the second network QoS information to the UPF through the N4 session modification process.
  • Step 404 After receiving the second network QoS information, the UPF saves the N code rate identifiers and the PDR corresponding to each of the N code rate identifiers.
  • Step 405 After receiving the first network QoS information, the UE saves N code rate identifiers and a QoS rule corresponding to each of the N code rate identifiers.
  • Step 406 After receiving the media QoS information from the SMF, the RAN network element determines the target code rate identifier from the N code rate identifiers according to the current network status and the media QoS information. Wherein, the current network status meets the network requirements of the streaming media data during transmission of the code rate indicated by the target code rate identifier.
  • Step 407 The RAN network element configures QoS parameters for the PDU session used for streaming media data transmission according to the QoS profile corresponding to the target code rate identifier in the QoS profiles corresponding to the N code rate identifiers respectively; and the RAN network element sends the terminal to the terminal. Send the target code rate identifier, and send the target code rate identifier to the UPF.
  • the RAN network element configures QoS parameters for the PDU session used for streaming media data transmission according to the QoS profile corresponding to the target code rate identifier.
  • the PDU session used for streaming media data transmission performs RAN side QoS parameter configuration.
  • the RAN network element can send the target code rate identifier to the UPF in the following manner:
  • the RAN network element can send the target code rate identifier to the UPF through the SMF.
  • the RAN network element interacts with the SMF through control plane signaling, and sends the target code rate identifier notification to the SMF, and then the SMF sends the target code rate identifier to the UPF through the N4 session modification process.
  • the RAN network element carries the target code rate identifier in the GTP header of the user plane message and sends it to the UPF.
  • Step 408 The UPF receives the target code rate identifier from the RAN network element, and performs QoS parameters on the PDU session used for streaming media data transmission according to the PDR corresponding to the target code rate identifier among the PDRs corresponding to the N code rate identifiers. Configuration.
  • UPF configures QoS parameters for the PDU session used for streaming media data transmission according to the PDR corresponding to the target code rate identifier, which can be understood as: UPF is used for streaming media data transmission according to the PDR corresponding to the target code rate identifier Configure the QoS parameters on the UPF side for the PDU session.
  • Step 409 The UE receives the target code rate identifier from the RAN network element, and performs the PDU session for streaming media data transmission according to the QoS rule corresponding to the target code rate identifier in the QoS rules corresponding to the N code rate identifiers.
  • QoS parameter configuration, and according to the target code rate identifier, send a streaming media data acquisition request to the video server.
  • the UE configures QoS parameters for the PDU session used for streaming media data transmission according to the QoS rule corresponding to the target code rate identifier.
  • the PDU session of data transmission performs QoS parameter configuration on the UE side.
  • Step 410 The video server receives the streaming media data acquisition request from the UE, and returns the streaming media data with the target bit rate identifier indicating the bit rate to the UE.
  • a method for adjusting a dynamic adaptive network of streaming media parameters specifically includes the following steps.
  • Step 501 The video server sends media information to the PCF.
  • the media information includes N code rate identifiers, and network requirement information during transmission of the streaming media data indicated by each code rate identifier in the N code rate identifiers, where each code in the N code rate identifiers
  • the rate indicator is used to indicate a bit rate supported by the video server, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • Step 502 After receiving the media information from the video server, the PCF sends the media network requirement information to the SMF.
  • the media network requirement information includes N code rate identifiers and QoS information corresponding to the N code rate identifiers.
  • the QoS information corresponding to each code rate identifier in the N code rate identifiers is used to indicate what the corresponding code rate identifier indicates Network requirements for streaming media data at bit rate during transmission.
  • step 503a, step 503b, and step 503c After the SMF receives the media network requirement information from the PCF, it executes step 503a, step 503b, and step 503c. Wherein, step 503a, step 503b, and step 503c have no inevitable sequence. For example, step 503a, step 503b, and step 503c can be executed at the same time or not at the same time, and the comparison is not limited.
  • Step 503a The SMF sends media QoS information to the RAN network element, where the media QoS information includes N code rate identifiers and QoS requirement information corresponding to each of the N code rate identifiers.
  • the QoS requirement information corresponding to each code rate identifier includes a QoS profile (QoS profile) corresponding to the code rate identifier.
  • Step 503b The first network QoS information sent by the SMF to the UE.
  • the first network QoS information includes N code rate identifiers and a QoS rule (QoS rule) corresponding to each of the N code rate identifiers.
  • QoS rule QoS rule
  • Step 503c The SMF sends the second network QoS information to the UPF.
  • the second network QoS information includes N code rate identifiers and a PDR corresponding to each of the N code rate identifiers.
  • Step 504 After receiving the second network QoS information, the UPF saves the N code rate identifiers and the PDR corresponding to each of the N code rate identifiers.
  • Step 505 After receiving the first network QoS information, the UE saves N code rate identifiers and a QoS rule corresponding to each of the N code rate identifiers.
  • Step 506 After receiving the media QoS information from the SMF, the RAN network element determines the target code rate identifier from the N code rate identifiers according to the current network status and the media QoS information. Wherein, the current network status meets the network requirements of the streaming media data during transmission of the code rate indicated by the target code rate identifier.
  • Step 507 The RAN network element configures QoS parameters for the PDU session used for streaming media data transmission according to the QoS profile corresponding to the target code rate identifier in the QoS profiles corresponding to the N code rate identifiers respectively; and the RAN network element sends the terminal to the terminal.
  • the video server and UPF send the target bit rate identification.
  • the RAN network element may send the target bit rate identifier to the video server through the UPF.
  • UPF can interact with SMF through control plane signaling to send the target code rate identifier to the SMF, the SMF sends the target code rate identifier to the AF through the PCF, and the AF sends the target code rate identifier to the video server.
  • the UPF may also carry the target code rate identifier in the GTP header of the user plane downlink message and send it to the video server.
  • Step 508 The UPF receives the target code rate identifier from the RAN network element, and performs QoS parameters on the PDU session used for streaming media data transmission according to the PDR corresponding to the target code rate identifier among the PDRs corresponding to the N code rate identifiers. Configuration.
  • Step 509 The UE receives the target code rate identifier from the RAN network element, and performs the PDU session for streaming media data transmission according to the QoS rule corresponding to the target code rate identifier in the QoS rules corresponding to the N code rate identifiers.
  • QoS parameter configuration The UE receives the target code rate identifier from the RAN network element, and performs the PDU session for streaming media data transmission according to the QoS rule corresponding to the target code rate identifier in the QoS rules corresponding to the N code rate identifiers.
  • Step 510 The video server receives the target code rate identifier, and returns the streaming media data with the target code rate identifier indicating the code rate to the UE.
  • the video server in response to receiving the streaming media data acquisition request from the UE, sends the streaming media data of the code rate indicated by the target code rate identifier to the UE.
  • the UE may send a streaming media data acquisition request to the video server according to the target bit rate identifier when the current buffer duration is less than or equal to the first threshold.
  • Example 3 the relevant understanding of the RAN network element, the UPF and the UE on the QoS parameter configuration of the PDU session used for streaming media data transmission can be referred to the relevant introduction in Example 3, which is not repeated here.
  • Example 4 It should be noted that the steps in Example 4 are the same as those in Example 3. You can refer to the relevant introduction in Example 3, which will not be repeated here.
  • the UE may also report the current buffer duration or other information to the RAN network element, so that the RAN network element can determine the current buffer duration and other information of the video client reported by the UE
  • the strategy of monitoring the size of the network bandwidth enables the RAN network element to transmit streaming media data of the bit rate indicated by the bit rate identifier indicated to the UE or the video server according to the size of the monitored network bandwidth.
  • an access network device receives media QoS information from a session management network element and compares it with current network conditions. For the media QoS information, the target code rate identifier is determined from the at least two code rate identifiers, and then the target code rate identifier in the at least two code rate identifiers is sent to the terminal or the video server.
  • the media QoS information includes: at least two code rate identifiers and QoS requirement information corresponding to each of the at least two code rate identifiers, and each code rate identifier is used to indicate a code rate supported by the video server; The current network status meets the network requirements during transmission of the streaming media data of the code rate indicated by the target code rate identifier.
  • the access network device uses at least two bit rates according to the current network conditions and QoS information.
  • the target code rate identifier sent by the access network device to the terminal refer to the relevant description in step 205, step 407 or step 507 above.
  • the target code rate identifier sent by the access network device to the video server can be referred to the relevant introduction in the above step 305, step 407 or step 507, which will not be repeated here.
  • the QoS requirement information corresponding to each code rate identifier includes a QOS configuration file corresponding to each code rate identifier.
  • the access network device configures QoS parameters for the PDU session used for streaming media data transmission according to the QoS profile corresponding to the target code rate identifier, and sends the target code rate identifier to the user plane network element .
  • the access network device performs QoS parameter configuration on the PDU session used for streaming media transmission according to the QoS configuration file corresponding to the target code rate identifier, and the access network device sends the target code rate identifier to the user plane network element, please refer to the above steps The related introduction of 407 or step 507 will not be repeated here.
  • the policy control network element receives media information from the video server and sends media network requirement information to the session management network element, where the media information includes at least two code rate identifiers and each of the at least two code rate identifiers Identifies the network requirement information of the streaming media data at the indicated bit rate during transmission.
  • Each bit rate identifier is used to indicate a bit rate supported by the video server.
  • the media network requirement information includes at least two bit rate identifiers and at least two bit rate identifiers.
  • the QoS information corresponding to each code rate identifier in the code rate identifier, and the QoS information corresponding to each code rate identifier is used to indicate the network requirements during transmission of the streaming media data of the code rate indicated by the corresponding code rate identifier.
  • step 201 For example, for the video server to send media information to the policy control network element, please refer to the above step 201, step 301, step 401 or step 501.
  • step 202 For the policy control network element to send media network requirement information to the session management network element, please refer to the above step 202.
  • step 302, step 402 or step 502 The related introduction in step 302, step 402 or step 502 will not be repeated here.
  • the session management network element receives the media network requirement information sent from the policy control network element, and sends the media QoS information to the access network device.
  • the session management network element also sends the first network QoS information to the terminal and the second network QoS information to the user plane network element.
  • the first network QoS information includes at least two code rate identifiers and A QoS rule corresponding to each of the at least two code rate identifiers
  • the second network QoS information includes at least two code rate identifiers and a PDR corresponding to each of the at least two code rate identifiers.
  • the session management network element to send the first network QoS information to the terminal and the second network QoS information to the user plane network element, please refer to the relevant introduction in the above step 403 or step 503, which will not be repeated here.
  • the user plane network element receives the second network QoS information, and after receiving the target code rate identifier, performs QoS parameter configuration on the PDU session used for streaming media data transmission according to the PDR corresponding to the target code rate identifier .
  • the video server sends media summary information to the terminal, and the media summary information includes at least two code rate identifiers.
  • the terminal may obtain at least two code rate identifiers from the access network device.
  • the terminal to obtain at least two code rate identifiers please refer to the related introduction in Example 1, which will not be repeated here.
  • the video server after receiving the target code rate identifier, sends the streaming media data of the code rate indicated by the target code rate identifier to the terminal.
  • the video server After receiving the target code rate identifier, sends the streaming media data of the code rate indicated by the target code rate identifier to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the target code rate identifier from the access network device, and sends a streaming media data acquisition request to the video server according to the target code rate identifier.
  • the streaming media acquisition request includes the streaming media data acquisition address corresponding to the target code rate identifier.
  • the terminal also receives the first network quality of service QoS information from the session management network element, and identifies the corresponding QoS rule according to the coding rate, and performs the PDU session for the protocol data unit used for streaming media data transmission. Perform QoS parameter configuration.
  • the communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application is introduced from the perspective of a terminal device as an execution subject.
  • the terminal device may include a hardware structure and/or a software module, and realize the above functions in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module. Whether a certain function among the above-mentioned functions is executed by a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution.
  • a communication device 600 includes: a transceiver unit 601 and a processing unit 602.
  • the communication device 600 is used to implement the function of the RAN network element in the methods shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5.
  • the transceiver unit 601 is used to receive media QoS information from the session management network element.
  • the media QoS information includes: N code rate identifiers and QoS requirement information corresponding to each code rate identifier of the N code rate identifiers, each code rate identifier is used to indicate a code rate supported by the video server; N is A positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the processing unit 602 is configured to determine a target code rate identifier from the N code rate identifiers according to the current network status and media QoS information, and the current network condition meets the network requirements of streaming media data during transmission of the code rate indicated by the target code rate identifier. ;
  • the transceiver unit 601 is also used to send the target bit rate identifier to the terminal or the video server.
  • the communication device 600 is used to implement the function of the UPF in the methods shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5.
  • the transceiver unit 601 is configured to receive the second network QoS information from the session management network element.
  • the second network QoS information includes N code rate identifiers and a code rate identifier corresponding to each of the N code rate identifiers. PDR;
  • the target code rate identifier is one of N code rate identifiers, and the current network condition meets the network requirements of the streaming media data during transmission indicated by the target code rate identifier;
  • the processing unit 602 is configured to configure QoS parameters for the PDU session used for streaming media data transmission according to the PDR corresponding to the target code rate identifier among the PDRs corresponding to the N code rate identifiers.
  • the communication device 600 is used to implement the function of the video server in the methods shown in FIGS. 2 to 5.
  • the processing unit 602 is configured to generate media information.
  • the media information includes the N code rate identifiers and the streaming media data of the code rate indicated by each of the N code rate identifiers during transmission.
  • Network demand information ;
  • the transceiver unit 601 is configured to send media information to the policy control network element.
  • the communication device 600 is used to implement the functions of the UE in the methods shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5.
  • the transceiving unit 601 is configured to receive the target code rate identifier from the access network device, where the current network condition meets the network requirements of the streaming media data during transmission indicated by the target code rate identifier;
  • the processing unit 602 is configured to send a streaming media data acquisition request to the video server according to the target code rate identifier.
  • a communication device 700 includes: a receiving unit 701 and a sending unit 702.
  • the communication device 700 is used to implement the PCF function in the methods shown in FIGS. 2 to 5.
  • the receiving unit 701 is configured to receive media information from the video server.
  • the media information includes N code rate identifiers and the streaming media data of the code rate indicated by each of the N code rate identifiers is transmitted during transmission.
  • Network demand information ;
  • the sending unit 702 is configured to send media network requirement information to the session management network element.
  • the media network requirement information includes N code rate identifiers and QoS information corresponding to each of the N code rate identifiers.
  • the communication device 700 is used to implement the SMF function in the methods shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5.
  • the receiving unit 701 is configured to receive media network demand information from the policy control network element;
  • the sending unit 702 is configured to send media QoS information to the access network device.
  • the media QoS information includes N code rate identifiers and QoS requirement information corresponding to the N code rate identifiers.
  • a communication device 800 includes at least one processor 810 and a memory 820, which can be used to implement the RAN network elements, PCF, and PCF in the methods shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 Function of UPF, SMF, UE or video server.
  • a computer program is stored in the memory 820.
  • the memory 820 and the processor 810 are coupled.
  • the coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an interval coupling or a communication connection between devices, units or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules.
  • the memory 820 may also be located outside the communication device 800.
  • the processor 810 may cooperate with the memory 820 to operate.
  • the processor 810 may call a computer program stored in the memory 820, so as to implement the method for adjusting a streaming media bit rate dynamically adaptive network provided in the foregoing embodiment. At least one of the at least one memory may be included in the processor.
  • the communication device 800 may further include a communication interface 830 for communicating with other devices through a transmission medium, so that the device used in the communication device 800 can communicate with other devices.
  • the communication interface 830 may be a transceiver, a circuit, a bus, a module, or another type of communication interface, and the other device may be another terminal.
  • the processor 810 uses the communication interface 830 to send and receive data, and is used to implement the method in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, which may implement or Perform the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the memory may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc., or a volatile memory (volatile memory), for example Random-access memory (random-access memory, RAM).
  • the memory is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to this.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of realizing a storage function for storing computer programs and/or data.
  • the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented by software, it can be implemented in the form of a computer program product in whole or in part.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, network equipment, user equipment, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD for short)), or a semiconductor medium (for example, SSD).

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Abstract

一种流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法及装置，涉及通信技术领域。该方法包括：接入网设备接收来自会话管理网元的媒体QoS信息，媒体QoS信息包括至少两个码率标识以及与每个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息，然后接入网设备根据当前网络状况与媒体QoS信息，从至少两个码率标识中确定目标码率标识，并向终端或者视频服务器发送目标码率标识，当前网络状况满足目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。这种技术方案使得流媒体数据的码率调整可以适应于网络状况的变化，从而提高用户体验。

Description

一种流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法及装置。
背景技术
用户可以通过在手机、平板电脑等终端上安装的视频客户端(例如腾讯视频、优酷视频)实时观看直播、电视剧、电影或综艺节目等视频。例如，用户可以根据自身对视频的画质需求，在视频客户端设置流媒体参数(如流媒体数据的码率或分辨率)。以流媒体参数为流媒体数据的分辨率为例。终端是根据与用户在视频客户端设置的流媒体数据的分辨率对应的码率，向视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求的。视频服务器在接收到终端发送的流媒体数据获取请求后，向终端返回流媒体数据，其中，视频服务器向终端返回的流媒体数据的码率与用户在视频客户端设置的流媒体数据的分辨率对应的码率相同。例如，用户在视频客户端设置的流媒体数据的分辨率为1080P，如果1080P对应的码率为10Mbps，在这种情况下，终端向视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求，视频服务器向终端返回的流媒体数据的码率为10Mbps。
流媒体数据的码率越高，视频画质越清晰。流媒体数据的码率越高，流媒体数据的传输对网络的需求也越高。在网络状况较差的情况下，如果用户在视频客户端设置的流媒体数据的分辨率对应的码率较高，则容易导致视频播放卡顿，影响用户体验。因此，引入了流媒体码率动态自适应网络调整的技术。例如，用户在视频客户端设置的流媒体数据的分辨率为自适应的情况下，终端根据流媒体数据的丢包率、网络吞吐量等网络状况信息，动态调整流媒体数据的码率，然后根据调整后的流媒体数据的码率，向视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求。例如，流媒体数据的丢包率、网络吞吐率等网络状况信息是终端在一段时间内的统计平均值，虽然流媒体数据的丢包率、网络吞吐率等网络状况信息能够用于衡量该段时间内的网络状况，但是实际上却是滞后于网络状况的变化，也就是说，利用过去一段时间的统计平均值，无法正确衡量当前的网络状况变化。因此，现有技术流媒体码率动态自适应网络调整的技术方案，容易导致流媒体数据的码率的调整滞后于网络状况的变化，从而导致视频播放卡顿，降低用户体验。
发明内容
本申请提供一种流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法，使得流媒体参数(例如流媒体数据的码率、分辨率或帧率等)的调整可以适应于网络状况的变化，从而提高用户体验。
第一方面，为本申请实施例的一种流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法，具体包括：接入网设备接收来自会话管理网元的媒体服务质量(quality of service，QoS)信息，所述媒体QoS信息包括至少两个流媒体参数标识以及与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS需求信息，所述每个流媒体参数标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种流媒体参数；然后，所述接入网设备根据当前网络状况与所述媒体QoS信息，从所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中确定目标流媒体参数标识，并向终端或者视频服务器发送所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中的目标流媒体参数标识，所述当前网络状况满足所述目标流 媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。例如，本申请实施例中，流媒体参数包括码率、分辨率或帧率中的至少一个。以流媒体参数为码率为例，则流媒体参数标识可以理解为码率标识。
本申请实施例中由于目标流媒体参数标识是接入网设备根据当前网络状况和媒体QoS信息确定的，因而使得终端或视频服务器可以根据目标流媒体参数标识进行流媒体数据的传输，即视频服务器和终端之间传输的流媒体数据的流媒体参数是接入网设备根据当前网络状况调整的，与现有技术相比，流媒体参数的调整能够适应于当前网络状况，因此使得用户可以在网络状况较好的情况下，在终端上实时观看画质较为清晰的视频，在网络状况变差的情况下，传输画质较差的流媒体数据，从而有助于用户在终端实时观看视频的情况下，降低视频卡顿的可能性，从而有助于提高用户体验。
在一种可能的设计中，每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS需求信息用于指示对应流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
在一种可能的设计中，所述接入网设备根据当前网络状况与所述媒体QoS信息，基于下列方式从所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中确定目标流媒体参数标识：
所述接入网设备监测网络带宽的大小；当所述接入网络设备监测到的网络带宽的大小与目标网络带宽的大小之间的差值在目标范围内持续目标时长时，所述接入网设备从所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中确定用于指示流媒体数据在传输时所需求的网络带宽的大小为所述目标网络带宽的大小的流媒体参数的流媒体参数标识为所述目标流媒体参数标识。从而有助于简化确定目标流媒体参数标识的确定方式。
在一种可能的设计中，所述媒体QoS信息还包括缓存信息，所述缓存信息用于指示所述终端允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长，所述目标时长小于或等于所述最小缓存时长。从而有助于使得确定的目标流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数更适合当前网络状况。
在一种可能的设计中，所述接入网设备根据所述缓存信息，确定所述目标时长。从而使得接入网设备可以在不同的终端的缓存信息不同的情况下，确定不同的目标时长，有助于提高流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整的灵活性。
在一种可能的设计中，所述媒体QoS信息还包括媒体标识，所述媒体标识用于指示流媒体参数自适应网络的流媒体业务。从而有助于向接入网设备指示根据当前网络状况和媒体QoS信息对终端和视频服务器之间传输的流媒体数据的流媒体参数进行调整。
在一种可能的设计中，与所述每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS需求信息包括与所述每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS配置文件。
在一种可能的设计中，所述接入网设备根据所述目标流媒体参数标识对应的QoS配置文件，对用于流媒体数据传输的协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)会话进行QoS参数配置，以及向用户面网元发送所述目标流媒体参数标识。从而使得流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法可以适用于保障比特速率(guaranteed bit rate，GBR)的业务场景。
在一种可能的设计中，所述接入网设备向终端发送流媒体参数信息，所述流媒体参数信息包括至少两个流媒体参数标识。从而有助于简化终端获取视频服务器支持的至少两个流媒体参数的流媒体参数标识。
在一种可能的设计中，所述接入网设备可以基于下列方式向终端或者视频服务器发送所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中的目标流媒体参数标识：
所述接入网设备将所述目标流媒体参数标识携带在无线资源控制(radio resource  control，RRC)消息中发送给所述终端或所述视频服务器；或者，所述接入网设备将所述目标流媒体参数标识携带在用户面下行消息的头信息中发送给所述终端或所述视频服务器。从而有助于简化实现方式。
第二方面，为本申请实施例的一种流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法，具体包括：
策略控制网元接收来自视频服务器的媒体信息，所述媒体信息包括至少两个流媒体参数标识以及所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息，所述每个流媒体参数标识用于指示所述视频服务器支持的一种流媒体参数；然后，所述策略控制网元向会话管理网元发送媒体网络需求信息，所述媒体网络需求信息包括所述至少两个流媒体参数标识以及与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS信息，所述每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS信息用于指示对应流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
通过上述技术方案，有助于使得会话管理网元获取到视频服务器支持的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
在一种可能的设计中，与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS信息是所述策略控制网元根据所述媒体信息得到的。在这种情况下，QoS信息可以为QoS参数集。
在一种可能的设计中，所述媒体网络需求信息还包括缓存信息和/或媒体标识，所述缓存信息用于指示终端允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长，所述媒体标识用于指示流媒体参数自适应网络的流媒体业务。通过上述技术方案，有助于简化缓存信息和/或媒体标识的传输方式。
第三方面，为本申请实施例的一种流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法，具体包括：会话管理网元接收来自策略控制网元的媒体网络需求信息，所述媒体网络需求信息包括至少两个流媒体参数标识以及与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识对应的服务质量QoS信息，所述每个流媒体参数标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种流媒体参数，所述每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS信息用于指示对应流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求；然后，所述会话管理网元向接入网设备发送媒体QoS信息，所述媒体QoS信息包括至少两个流媒体参数标识和与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS需求信息。通过上述技术方案，使得接入网设备能够获取到媒体QoS信息，从而使得接入网设备能够根据当前网络状况和媒体QoS信息，调整终端和视频服务器之间传输的流媒体数据的流媒体参数。
在一种可能的设计中，所述每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS需求信息用于指示对应流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
在一种可能的设计中，与所述每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS需求信息包括与所述每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS配置文件。
在一种可能的设计中，所述会话管理网元向终端发送第一网络QoS信息，以及向用户面网元发送第二网络QoS信息，所述第一网络QoS信息包括所述至少两个流媒体参数标识以及与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS规则，所述第二网络QoS信息包括所述至少两个流媒体参数标识以及与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识对应的包检测规则(packet detection rule，PDR)。从而有助于简化终端获取第一网络QoS信息的方式，以及简化用户面网元获取第二网络QoS信息的方式。
在一种可能的设计中，所述媒体QoS信息还包括缓存信息和/或媒体标识，所述缓存 信息用于指示终端允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长，所述媒体标识用于指示流媒体参数自适应网络的流媒体业务。通过上述技术方案，有助于简化缓存信息和/或媒体标识的传输方式。
第四方面，为本申请实施例的一种流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法，具体包括：用户面网元接收来自会话管理网元的第二网络QoS信息，所述第二网络QoS信息包括所述至少两个流媒体参数标识以及与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识对应的PDR，所述每个流媒体参数标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种流媒体参数；所述用户面网元接收接入网设备发送的目标流媒体参数标识，所述目标流媒体参数标识为所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中的一个，且当前网络状况满足所述目标流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求；然后，所述用户面网元根据所述至少两个流媒体参数标识对应的PDR中与所述目标流媒体参数标识对应的PDR，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置。
通过上述技术方案，使得本申请实施例流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法可以适用于GBR的业务场景。
第五方面，为本申请实施例的一种流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法，具体包括：视频服务器生成媒体信息，并向策略控制网元发送所述媒体信息，所述媒体信息包括所述至少两个流媒体参数标识、以及所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息，所述每个流媒体参数标识用于指示所述视频服务器支持的一种流媒体参数。通过上述技术方案有助于使得策略控制网元获取到视频服务器支持的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
在一种可能的设计中，所述媒体相关信息还包括缓存信息、和/或媒体标识，所述缓存信息用于指示终端允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长，所述媒体标识用于指示流媒体参数自适应网络的流媒体业务。
在一种可能的设计中，所述视频服务器向终端发送媒体概述信息，所述媒体概述信息包括所述至少两个流媒体参数标识。从而有助于终端获取到媒体概述信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述视频服务器接收接入网设备发送的目标流媒体参数标识，所述当前网络状况满足所述目标流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求，且所述目标流媒体参数标识为所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中的一个流媒体参数标识；然后，所述视频服务器向终端发送所述目标流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据。从而有助于视频服务器可以在当前网络状况下，根据目标流媒体参数标识向终端发送流媒体数据。
在一种可能的设计中，所述视频服务器在接收到所述目标流媒体参数标识后，响应于接收到来自所述终端的流媒体数据获取请求，向终端发送所述目标流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据。
第六方面，为本申请实施例的一种流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法，具体包括：终端接收来自接入网设备的目标流媒体参数标识，其中，当前网络状况满足所述目标流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求，且所述目标流媒体参数标识为至少两个流媒体参数标识中的一个流媒体参数标识，所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种流媒体参数；然后，所述终端根据所述目标流媒体参数标识，向所述视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求，所述流媒体获 取请求包括与目标流媒体参数标识对应的流媒体数据获取地址。通过上述技术方案，使得终端可以根据目标流媒体参数标识向视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求，从而在当前网络状况下，视频服务器可以向终端返回目标流媒体参数标识所标识的流媒体参数的流媒体数据。
在一种可能的设计中，所述终端接收来自所述视频服务器的媒体概述信息，所述媒体概述信息包括所述至少两个流媒体参数标识；或者，所述终端从所述接入网设备获取所述至少两个流媒体参数标识。从而有助于简化终端获取视频服务器支持的流媒体参数的方式。
在一种可能的设计中，所述终端在当前缓存时长小于或等于第一阈值时，根据所述目标流媒体参数标识，向所述视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求。
在一种可能的设计中，所述终端接收来自会话管理网元的第一网络QoS信息，所述第一网络QoS信息包括所述至少两个流媒体参数标识以及与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS规则；然后，所述终端根据所述目标流媒体参数标识对应的QoS规则，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置。通过上述技术方案，使得本申请实施例流媒体流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法可以适用于GBR的业务场景。
第七方面，为本申请实施例的一种通信装置，具体包括：收发单元和处理单元。其中，所述收发单元用于接收来自会话管理网元的媒体服务质量QoS信息，所述媒体QoS信息包括：至少两个流媒体参数标识以及与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS需求信息，所述每个流媒体参数标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种流媒体参数；
所述处理单元用于根据当前网络状况与所述媒体QoS信息，从所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中确定目标流媒体参数标识，所述当前网络状况满足所述目标流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求；
所述收发单元还用于向终端或者视频服务器发送所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中的目标流媒体参数标识。
在一种可能的设计中，所述每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS需求信息用于指示对应流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
在一种可能的设计中，所述处理单元用于根据当前网络状况与所述媒体QoS信息，从所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中确定目标流媒体参数标识，具体包括：
所述处理单元用于监测网络带宽的大小，当监测到的网络带宽的大小与目标网络带宽的大小之间的差值在目标范围内持续目标时长时，从所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中确定用于指示流媒体数据在传输时所需求的网络带宽的大小为所述目标网络带宽的大小的流媒体参数的流媒体参数标识为所述目标流媒体参数标识。
在一种可能的设计中，所述媒体QoS信息还包括缓存信息，所述缓存信息用于指示所述终端允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长，所述目标时长小于或等于所述最小缓存时长。
在一种可能的设计中，所述处理单元还用于根据所述缓存信息，确定所述目标时长。
在一种可能的设计中，所述媒体QoS信息还包括：媒体标识，所述媒体标识用于指示流媒体参数自适应网络的流媒体业务。
在一种可能的设计中，与所述每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS需求信息包括与所述每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS配置文件。
在一种可能的设计中，所述处理单元还用于根据所述目标流媒体参数标识对应的QoS 配置文件，对用于流媒体数据传输的协议数据单元PDU会话进行QoS参数配置；
所述收发单元还用于向用户面网元发送所述目标流媒体参数标识。
在一种可能的设计中，所述收发单元用于向终端或者视频服务器发送所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中的目标流媒体参数标识，具体包括：
所述收发单元用于将所述目标流媒体参数标识携带在RRC消息中发送给所述终端或所述视频服务器；或者，
所述收发单元用于将所述目标流媒体参数标识携带在用户面下行消息的头信息中发送给所述终端或所述视频服务器。
第八方面，为本申请实施例的一种通信装置，具体包括：接收单元和发送单元。
其中，所述接收单元用于接收来自视频服务器的媒体信息，所述媒体信息包括至少两个流媒体参数标识以及所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息，所述每个流媒体参数标识用于指示所述视频服务器支持的一种流媒体参数；
所述发送单元用于向会话管理网元发送媒体网络需求信息，所述媒体网络需求信息包括所述至少两个流媒体参数标识以及与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识对应的服务质量QoS信息，所述每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS信息用于指示对应流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
在一种可能的设计中，与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS信息是所述策略控制网元根据所述媒体信息得到的。
在一种可能的设计中，所述媒体网络需求信息还包括缓存信息和/或媒体标识，所述缓存信息用于指示终端允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长，所述媒体标识用于指示流媒体参数自适应网络的流媒体业务。
第九方面，为本申请实施例的一种通信装置，具体包括：接收单元和发送单元。
其中，所述接收单元用于接收来自策略控制网元的媒体网络需求信息，所述媒体网络需求信息包括至少两个流媒体参数标识以及与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识对应的服务质量QoS信息，所述每个流媒体参数标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种流媒体参数，所述每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS信息用于指示对应流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求；
所述发送单元用于向接入网设备发送媒体QoS信息，所述媒体QoS信息包括至少两个流媒体参数标识和与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS需求信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS需求信息用于指示对应流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
在一种可能的设计中，与所述每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS需求信息包括与所述每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS配置文件。
在一种可能的设计中，所述发送单元还用于向终端发送第一网络QoS信息，以及向用户面网元发送第二网络QoS信息，所述第一网络QoS信息包括所述至少两个流媒体参数标识以及与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS规则，所述第二网络QoS信息包括所述至少两个流媒体参数标识以及与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识对应的PDR。
在一种可能的设计中，所述媒体QoS信息还包括缓存信息和/或媒体标识，所述缓存 信息用于指示终端允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长，所述媒体标识用于指示流媒体参数自适应网络的流媒体业务。
第十方面，为本申请实施例的一种通信装置，具体包括：收发单元和处理单元。
其中，收发单元用于接收来自会话管理网元的第二网络服务质量QoS信息，所述第二网络QoS信息包括所述至少两个流媒体参数标识以及与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识对应的PDR，所述每个流媒体参数标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种流媒体参数；
所述收发单元还用于接收接入网设备发送的目标流媒体参数标识，所述目标流媒体参数标识为所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中的一个，且当前网络状况满足所述目标流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求；
所述处理单元用于根据所述至少两个流媒体参数标识对应的PDR中与所述目标流媒体参数标识对应的PDR，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置。
第十一方面，为本申请实施例的一种通信装置，具体包括：处理单元和收发单元。
其中，所述处理单元用于生成媒体信息，所述媒体信息包括所述至少两个流媒体参数标识、以及所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息，所述每个流媒体参数标识用于指示所述视频服务器支持的一种流媒体参数；
所述收发单元用于向策略控制网元发送所述媒体信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述媒体相关信息还包括缓存信息、和/或媒体标识，所述缓存信息用于指示终端允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长，所述媒体标识用于指示流媒体参数自适应网络的流媒体业务。
在一种可能的设计中，所述收发单元还用于向终端发送媒体概述信息，所述媒体概述信息包括所述至少两个流媒体参数标识。
在一种可能的设计中，所述收发单元还用于接收接入网设备发送的目标流媒体参数标识，并向终端发送所述目标流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据；所述当前网络状况满足所述目标流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求，且所述目标流媒体参数标识为所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中的一个流媒体参数标识。
在一种可能的设计中，所述收发单元具体用于在接收到所述目标流媒体参数标识后，响应于接收到来自所述终端的流媒体数据获取请求，向终端发送所述目标流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据。
第十二方面，为本申请实施例的一种通信装置，具体包括：收发单元和处理单元。
所述收发单元用于接收来自接入网设备的目标流媒体参数标识，其中，当前网络状况满足所述目标流媒体参数标识所指示的流媒体参数的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求，且所述目标流媒体参数标识为至少两个流媒体参数标识中的一个流媒体参数标识，所述至少两个流媒体参数标识中每个流媒体参数标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种流媒体参数；
所述处理单元用于根据所述目标流媒体参数标识，向所述视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求，所述流媒体获取请求包括与目标流媒体参数标识对应的流媒体数据获取地址。
在一种可能的设计中，所述收发单元还用于：
接收来自所述视频服务器的媒体概述信息，所述媒体概述信息包括所述至少两个流媒体参数标识；或者，
从所述接入网设备获取所述至少两个流媒体参数标识。
在一种可能的设计中，所述收发单元用于在当前缓存时长小于或等于第一阈值时，根据所述目标流媒体参数标识，向所述视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求。
在一种可能的设计中，所述收发单元还用于接收来自会话管理网元的第一网络服务质量QoS信息，所述第一网络QoS信息包括所述至少两个流媒体参数标识以及与所述至少两个流媒体参数标识对应的QoS规则；
所述处理单元还用于根据所述目标流媒体参数标识对应的QoS规则，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置。
第十三方面，为本申请实施例的一种通信装置，具体包括：处理器和存储器；所述存储器中存储有计算机程序，所述处理器运行所述存储器存储的计算机程序时，以使所述通信装置执行上述第一方面或第一方面中任一可能设计的方法、或者执行如上述第二方面或第二方面中任一可能设计的方法、或者执行如上述第三方面或第三方面中任一可能设计的方法、或者执行如上述第四方面或第四方面中任一可能设计的方法、或者执行如上述第五方面或第五方面中任一可能设计的方法、或者执行如上述第六方面或第六方面中任一可能设计的方法。
第十四方面，为本申请实施例的一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面中任一可能设计的方法、或者执行如上述第二方面或第二方面中任一可能设计的方法、或者执行如上述第三方面或第三方面中任一可能设计的方法、或者执行如上述第四方面或第四方面中任一可能设计的方法、或者执行如上述第五方面或第五方面中任一可能设计的方法、或者执行如上述第六方面或第六方面中任一可能设计的方法。
第十五方面，为本申请实施例的一种计算机程序产品，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述各方面所述的方法。
第十六方面，为本申请实施例的一种通信系统，所述通信系统包括上述第一方面中的接入网设备、上述第二方面中的策略控制网元和上述第三方面中的会话管理网元。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信系统还可以包括上述第四方面的用户面网元。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信系统还可以包括上述第五方面的终端和/或上述第六方面的终端。
另外，第七方面至第十六方面中任一种可能设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见相应的方法中不同设计方式所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
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图1为本申请实施例适用的一种网络架构的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例的一种流媒体码率动态自适应网络的调整方法的流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例的另一流媒体码率动态自适应网络的调整方法的流程示意图；
图4为本申请实施例的另一流媒体码率动态自适应网络的调整方法的流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例的另一流媒体码率动态自适应网络的调整方法的流程示意图；
图6为本申请实施例的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例的另一通信装置的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例的另一通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
应理解，本申请实施例中“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A、B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一(项)个”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a、b或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a和b，a和c，b和c，或a、b和c，其中a、b、c中的每一个本身可以是元素，也可以是包含一个或多个元素的集合。
在本申请实施例中，“示例的”“在一些实施例中”“在另一实施例中”等用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用示例的一词旨在以具体方式呈现概念。
本申请实施例中“的(of)”、“相应的(corresponding，relevant)”和“对应的(corresponding)”有时可以混用。应当指出的是，在不强调其区别时，其所要表达的含义是一致的。本申请实施例中通信、传输有时可以混用，应当指出的是，在不强调区别是，其所表达的含义是一致的。例如传输可以包括发送和/或接收，可以为名词，也可以是动词。
需要指出的是，本申请实施例中涉及的“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。本申请实施例中涉及的等于可以与大于连用，适用于大于时所采用的技术方案，也可以与小于连用，适用于与小于时所采用的技术方案，需要说明的是，当等于与大于连用时，不与小于连用；当等于与小于连用时，不与大于连用。
本申请实施例中涉及的“网元”也可以称为“设备”，对此不作限定。网元可以是硬件，也可以是从功能上划分的软件或者以上二者结合后的结构。网元可以包括核心网网元，接入网网元(或者称为接入网设备)等。核心网网元，比如会话管理网元、用户面网元等。
针对背景技术中所提出的问题，本申请实施例提供了一种流媒体码率动态自适应网络的调整方法，由接入网设备根据当前网络状况，实现对流媒体数据的码率的调整。与现有技术相比，流媒体数据的码率的调整能够适应于网络状况的变化，因此使得用户可以在网络状况较好的情况下，能够在终端实时观看画质较为清晰的视频，在网络状况变差的情况下，传输码率较小的流媒体数据，从而有助于用户在终端实时观看视频的情况下，降低视频卡顿的可能性，从而有助于提高用户提验。
以下对本申请实施例中的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
1、流媒体数据。本申请实施例中的流媒体数据可以理解为一段视频流，可以包括一个或多个视频帧。例如，对于一个时长为45分钟的视频，可以在时间上将该视频划分为多个等长的流媒体数据，每个流媒体数据对应一个或多个码率，视频服务器向终端传输的流媒体数据的码率可以是根据网络状况进行调整的，也可以是用户在终端的视频客户端设置的。
2、流媒体参数。本申请实施例中的流媒体参数可以用于指示视频帧画质的清晰度。示例的，流媒体参数可以为码率、分辨率和/或帧率。例如，码率的大小依赖于分辨率和帧率。例如，码率＝帧率*一个视频帧的大小，其中一个视频帧的大小取决于该视频帧分辨率的大小以及该媒体编码技术。因此，通常码率、帧率和分辨率存在对应关系。以流媒体参数为码率为例，在码率自适应网络调整后，帧率和分辨率也会相应调整。
其中，码率越高，视频画质的越清晰。例如，码率为10Mbps的视频画质比码率为5Mbps时的视频画质更清晰。一般来说，码率越高，流媒体数据的传输对网络带宽的需求越高。例如，码率为10Mbps的流媒体数据的传输所需的网络带宽大于码率为5Mbps的流媒体数据的传输所需的网络带宽。
应理解，本申请实施例中通过流媒体参数标识来指示流媒体参数，不同的流媒体参数的流媒体参数标识是不同的。需要说明的是，在流媒体参数为码率的情况下，流媒体参数标识又可以称之为码率标识，类似的，在流媒体参数为分辨率的情况下，流媒体参数标识又可以称之为分辨率标识，在流媒体参数为帧率的情况下，流媒体参数标识又可以称之为帧率标识。以流媒体参数为分辨率为例。例如，360P的分辨率标识为000，720P的分辨率标识为001，1080P的分辨率标识为010。
需要说明的是，在网络侧执行本申请流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法涉及到接入网设备、移动管理网元、会话管理网元、用户面网元和策略控制网元。其中，接入网设备为接入网网元，移动管理网元、会话管理网元、用户面网元和策略控制网元为核心网网元。例如，接入网设备用于为终端提供无线通信功能，例如无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)网元等。移动管理网元用于负责终端的移动性管理，例如移动管理实体(mobility management entity，MME)、或者接入和移动性管理功能实体(access and mobility management function，AMF)实体等。会话管理网元用于控制分组数据单元(packet data unit，PDU)会话的建立、修改和删除，例如会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)实体。用户面网元用于负责连接外部网络(例如数据网络(data network，DN))，例如用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)实体。策略控制网元用于负责策略控制，例如生成服务质量(quality of service，QoS)参数集，例如策略功能控制(policy control function，PCF)实体。执行本申请流媒体码率动态自适应网络的调整方法涉及到终端和视频服务器。应理解，在本申请实施例中，终端又可以称之为终端设备、用户设备(user equipment)、移动终端、媒体客户端等，对此不作限定，视频服务器又可以称之为流媒体服务器等，对比不作限定。以下以UE、视频服务器为例，对本申请实施例进行介绍。
示例的，如图1所示，为本申请实施例适用的一种网络架构的示意图。该网络架构为第五代移动通信技术(the 5th generation mobile communication technology，5G)网络架构。该网络架构包括无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)、AMF实体、SMF实体、UPF实体、PCF实体、DN等。在一些实施例中，该网络架构还包括统一数据管理功能(unified data management，UDM)实体、鉴权服务器功能(authentication server function，AUSF)实体、应用功能(application function，AF)实体、网络开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)实体和网络数据分析功能(network data analytics function，NWDAF)实体等。
RAN(又可称之为接入网络(access network，AN))的主要功能是控制UE通过无线接入到移动通信网络。RAN是移动通信系统的一部分。它实现了一种无线接入技术。例如，RAN是通过RAN网元控制UEW通过无线接入到移动通信网络的，位于UE和核心网网元之间。RAN网元又可以称之为接入网设备，包括但不限于：5G中的(g nodeB，gNB)、演进型节点B(evolved node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved nodeB，或home node B，HNB)、基带 单元(base band unit，BBU)、传输点(transmitting and receiving point，TRP)、发射点(transmitting point，TP)、移动交换中心等，此外，RAN设备还可以包括无线保真(wireless fidelity，wifi)接入点(access point，AP)等。
AMF实体负责UE的接入管理和移动性管理，包含管理用户注册、可达性检测、SMF实体的选择、移动状态转换管理等。
SMF实体主要负责控制PDU会话的建立、修改和删除、UPF实体的选择等。
UPF实体主要负责数据包路由和转发、移动性锚点、上行分类器来支持路由业务流到数据网络、分支点来支持多归属PDU会话等。
PCF实体为策略决策点，主要负责提供基于业务数据流和应用检测、门控、QoS和基于流的计费控制等规则。
UDM实体主要负责存储用户签约数据。
AUSF实体主要用于提供鉴权服务。
AF实体主要用于与第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)核心网交互来提供服务，来影响业务流路由、接入网能力开放、策略控制等。
NEF实体主要用于安全地开放由3GPP网络功能提供的服务和能力，如第三方、边缘计算、AF等。
DN为UE提供网络服务，例如运营商服务、互联网接入或者第三方服务等。
NWDAF实体主要用于提供基于大数据和人工智能等技术的网络数据采集和分析功能等。
另外，为了描述更为简洁，在后续描述时，将各个功能实体中的“实体”去掉，比如AMF实体简称为AMF，UPF实体简称为UPF，其它实体类似，不再一一例举。
图1中，NWDAF、NEF、NRF、PCF、UDM、AF、AUSF、AMF以及SMF之间，任意两个网元之间通信可以采用服务化通信方式，比如NEF与AUSF之间通信采用的接口Nnef和Nausf均为服务化的接口，同理，接口Nnwdaf、Nnrf、Npcf、Nudm、Naf、Namf以及Nsmf均为服务化的接口。另外，AMF与UE可通过N1接口通信，AMF与RAN网元可通过N2接口通信，RAN网元和UPF可通过N3接口通信，SMF与UPF可通过N4接口通信，UE与RAN网元之间进行空口通信，UPF与DN可通过N6接口通信，UPF之间通过N9接口通信。需要说明的是，图1中的各个网元之间的服务化的接口还可以替换为点对点的接口。
其中，图1所示的网络架构中，与本申请有关的网元主要是：RAN网元、AMF实体、SMF实体、UPF实体和PCF实体。
应理解，本申请实施例中的UE是一种具有无线收发功能的设备，可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载；也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)；还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等)。例如，UE可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(pad)、智慧屏、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等。
需要说明的是，图1仅为本申请实施例适用的一种网络架构的示例，并不构成对本申 请实施例的限定。本申请实施例还可以应用于其它网络架构，例如，未来移动通信网络架构(如6G网络架构)等。
以图1所示的网络架构、流媒体参数为码率为例，对本申请实施例流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法进行详细说明。在流媒体参数为分辨率或帧率等其它参数时，对流媒体参数动态自适应网络调整的方法可以参见流媒体参数为码率时，流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法，在此不再赘述。
示例一：
如图2所示，为本申请实施例一种流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法，具体包括以下步骤。
步骤201、视频服务器向PCF发送媒体信息。其中，媒体信息包括N个码率标识、以及N个码率标识中每个码率标识指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息，其中，N个码率标识中每个码率标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种码率，N为大于或等于2的正整数。
示例的，码率标识可以为码率索引(又可以称之为码率编号)，可以是通过协议预定义的，也可以是视频服务器生成的。例如，视频服务器支持的码率分别为10Mbps、5Mbps和2Mbps，并为码率10Mbps、5Mbps和2Mbps分别编号，得到码率索引00、01和10，其中码率索引00用于指示码率10Mbps，码率索引01用于指示码率5Mbps，码率索引10用于指示码率2Mbps。又示例的，码率标识还可以为与码率对应的网络带宽的大小。例如，与码率标识对应的网络带宽的大小可以理解为该码率标识所标识的码率的流媒体数据传输时所需求的最小网络带宽。例如，视频服务器支持的码率分别为10Mbps、5Mbps和2Mbps，如果2Mbps对应网络带宽的大小为A，5Mbps对应的网络带宽的大小为B，10Mbps对应的网络带宽的大小为C，使用A指示2Mbps，B指示5Mbps，C指示10Mbps，即10Mbps、5Mbps和2Mbps的码率标识分别为C、B和A。上述仅为码率标识的举例说明，本申请实施例还可以使用其它信息标识不同的码率，对此不作限定。
在一些实施例中，视频服务器是通过AF向PCF发送媒体信息的。例如，AF可以通过Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create服务将媒体信息发给NEF，再由NEF认证后将其通过Npcf_PolicyAuthorization_Create服务将其发送给PCF。
进一步的，在一些实施例中，媒体信息中还可以包括媒体标识(media indicator)，该媒体标识用于指示码率自适应网络的流媒体业务，以便于指示PCF向SMF发送媒体需求信息，具体可以参见步骤202的相关介绍，在此不再赘述。
以一个码率标识指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息为例。该码率标识指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息可以包括传输时延、吞吐率、网络带宽等信息。
步骤202、PCF接收到来自视频服务器的媒体信息后，向SMF发送媒体网络需求信息。其中，媒体网络需求信息包括N个码率标识、和N个码率标识分别对应的QoS信息，N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS信息用于指示对应码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
示例的，N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS信息可以是根据对应码率标识指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息得到的。在这种情况下，QoS信息可以为 QoS参数集。以N取值为3为例。例如，N个码率标识分别为编号1、编号2和编号3，其中，编号1指示的码率为2Mbps，编号2指示的码率为5Mbps，编号3指示的码率为10Mbps，PCF根据2Mbps的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息，生成与编号1对应的QoS参数集，根据5Mbps的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息，生成与编号2对应的QoS参数集，以及根据10Mbps的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息，生成与编号3对应的QoS参数集。
又示例的，N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS信息可以为对应码率标识指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息。以N取值为3为例。例如，N个码率标识分别为编号1、编号2和编号3，其中，编号1指示的码率为2Mbps，编号2指示的码率为5Mbps，编号3指示的码率为10Mbps，如果2Mbps、5Mbps和10Mbps的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息分别为网络需求信息1、网络需求信息2和网络需求信息3，则编号1对应的QoS信息为网络需求信息1，编号2对应的QoS信息为网络需求信息2，编号31对应的QoS信息为网络需求信息3。
进一步的，在媒体信息包括媒体标识的情况下，媒体网络需求信息还可以包括媒体标识，以便于指示SMF可以向RAN网元发送媒体QoS信息，具体可以参见步骤204的相关介绍，在此不再赘述。
示例的，PCF可以通过将媒体网络需求信息携带在Npcf_SMPolicyControl_Update/Create中发送给SMF。又示例的，PCF也可以通过将媒体网络需求信息携带在新定义的信息中发送给SMF。
步骤203、SMF接收到来自PCF的媒体网络需求信息后，向RAN网元发送媒体QoS信息。其中，媒体QoS信息包括N个码率标识以及与N个码率标识分别对应的QoS需求信息。
例如，N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息用于指示对应码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。例如，N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息包括与该码率标识对应的QoS配置文件(QoS profile)。比如，N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息是SMF根据该码率标识对应的QoS信息确定的。以N取值为3为例。例如，N个码率标识分别为编号1、编号2和编号3，其中，编号1指示的码率为2Mbps，编号2指示的码率为5Mbps，编号3指示的码率为10Mbps，PCF根据与编号1对应的QoS信息，确定与编号1对应的QoS需求信息，根据与编号2对应的QoS信息，确定与编号2对应的QoS需求信息，以及根据与编号3对应的QoS信息，确定与编号3对应的QoS需求信息。例如，与编号1对应的QoS需求信息用于指示2Mbps的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求(如2Mbps的流媒体数据在传输时所需的最小网络带宽)。与编号2对应的QoS需求信息用于指示5Mbps的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。与编号3对应的QoS需求信息用于指示10Mbps的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
示例的，SMF可以通过AMF向RAN网元发送媒体QoS信息。例如，SMF可以将媒体QoS信息携带在Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer包括的N2 SM Container中发送给AMF。再由AMF通过N2 PDU Session服务流程将N2 SM Container发送给RAN网元。
进一步的，在媒体网络需求信息包括媒体标识的情况下，媒体QoS信息还可以包括媒体标识，以便于向RAN网元指示根据当前网络状况确定目标码率标识，具体可以参见步 骤204的相关介绍，在此不再赘述。
步骤204、RAN网元接收到来自SMF的媒体QoS信息后，根据当前网络状况和媒体QoS信息，从N个码率标识中确定目标码率标识。其中，当前网络状况满足目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
在一些实施例中，RAN网元可以基于下列方式，根据当前网络状况和媒体QoS信息从N个码率标识中确定目标码率标识：
RAN网元监测网络带宽的大小；
当RAN网元监测到的网络带宽的大小与目标网络带宽的大小之间的差值在目标范围内持续目标时长时，RAN网元从N个码率标识中确定用于指示流媒体数据在传输时所需求的网络带宽的大小为目标网络带宽的大小的码率的码率标识为目标码率标识。
示例的，RAN网元可以实时监测网络带宽的大小，也可以周期性监测网络带宽的大小，其中RAN网元监测网络带宽的周期小于目标时长。本申请实施例中，目标时长又可以称之为监测时间窗，可以是预定义的，也可以是RAN网元根据缓存信息确定的，对此不作限定。其中，缓存信息用于指示UE允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长。需要说明的是，在UE通过视频客户端播放视频的情况下，UE允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长可以理解为：视频客户端允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长。以缓存信息指示3秒(s)为例，UE在流媒体数据的缓存时长达到3s时，UE才允许播放视频。UE在流媒体数据的缓存时长未达到3s的情况下，UE禁止播放视频，即视频处于暂停播放的状态。进一步的，在一些实施例中，目标时长小于或等于UE允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长，以便于RAN网元在根据监测到的网络带宽的大小动态调整视频服务器与UE之间传输的流媒体数据的码率。如果目标时长大于UE允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长，有可能会导致调整视频服务器与UE之间传输的流媒体数据的码率不及时，使得用户在线观看视频的情况下，导致视频播放卡顿，用户体验较差。
在一些实施例中，缓存信息可以是由视频服务器发送给RAN网元的，也可是由RAN网元从UE获取的。进一步的，在缓存信息是由视频服务器发送给RAN网元的情况下，视频服务器可以将缓存信息携带在媒体信息中发送给PCF，再由PCF将缓存信息携带在媒体网络需求信息中发送给SMF，由SMF将缓存信息携带在媒体QoS信息中发送给RAN网元，从而简化视频服务器向RAN网元发送缓存信息的方式。需要说明的是，缓存信息可以是视频服务器通过应用层信息与UE进行信息交互，从UE获取的，也可以预先在视频服务器配置好的，对此不作限定。
需要说明的是，目标范围可以为通过协议预定义的一个误差范围，也可以为预配置在视频服务器中的一个误差范围等，本申请实施例对目标范围的获取方式不作限定。以N取值为3为例。例如，N个码率标识分别为编号1、编号2和编号3，其中，编号1指示的码率为2Mbps，编号2指示的码率为5Mbps，编号3指示的码率为10Mbps，2Mbps的流媒体数据所需求的网络带宽的大小为100M，5Mbps的流媒体数据所需求的网络带宽的大小为200M，10Mbps的流媒体数据所需求的网络带宽的大小为300M，目标范围为[-10M，+10M]，如果RAN网元监测到的网络带宽的大小为199M，则RAN网元监测到的网络带宽的大小与5Mbps的流媒体数据所需求的网络带宽的大小之间的差值在目标范围内，当RAN网元监测到的网络带宽的大小与5Mbps的流媒体数据所需求的网络带宽的大小之间的差值在目标范围内持续一个目标时长时，RAN网元确定编号2为目标码率标识。如果 RAN网元监测到的网络带宽的大小与10Mbps的流媒体数据所需求的网络带宽的大小之间的差值在目标范围内持续一个目标时长时，RAN网元确定编号3为目标码率标识。
步骤205，RAN网元向UE发送目标码率标识。
在一些实施例中，RAN网元可以将目标码率标识携带在无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)消息、或用户面下行消息的头信息中发送给UE。
示例的，RAN网元可以将目标码率标识携带在用户面消息的分组数据汇聚协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)头中发送给UE。
需要说明的是，上述仅为RAN网元向UE发送目标码率标识的示例性说明，并不构成对本申请实施例的限定。本申请实施例中RAN网元还可以通过其它方式向UE发送目标码率标识。
步骤206、UE接收到来自视频服务器的目标码率标识，根据目标码率标识，向视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求，其中，流媒体数据获取请求包括与目标码率标识对应的流媒体数据获取地址。例如，流媒体数据获取地址可以为网际互联协议(internet protocol，IP)地址。
在一些实施例中，UE在当前缓存时长小于或等于第一阈值时，根据目标码率标识向视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求。例如，第一阈值可以是预定义的，也可以是UE结合具体场景确定的，对此不作限定。例如，第一阈值可以为3分钟、5分钟等。
需要说明的是，在UE是通过视频客户端播放视频的情况下，当前缓存时长为视频客户端的当前缓存时长。
例如，视频服务器还可以向UE发送媒体概述信息，其中媒体概述信息包括N个码率标识，这里N个码率标识与上述媒体信息、媒体网络需求信息以及媒体QoS信息包括的N个码率标识相同。例如，视频服务器可以通过应用层信息将媒体概述信息发送给UE，也可以通过新定义的消息将媒体概述信息发送给UE，以使得UE能够识别目标码率标识。或者，UE还可以从RAN网元获取N个码率标识。本申请实施例对UE获取N个码率标识的方式不作限定。
应理解，本申请实施例对媒体信息、媒体网络需求信息、媒体QoS信息以及媒体概述信息的名字不作限定。
步骤207，视频服务器接收到来自UE的流媒体数据获取请求，从与目标码率标识对应的流媒体数据获取地址，获取目标码率标识指示码率的流媒体数据，并向UE返回目标码率标识指示码率的流媒体数据。
一个举例说明。
用户使用在UE的视频客户端在线观看一个时长为45分钟的视频，每当视频客户端的当前缓存时长小于或等于第一阈值时，向视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求，每次视频服务器响应于接收到UE发送的一个流媒体数据获取请求，向UE返回的流媒体数据的时长为T。例如，在时刻T1，UE接收到来自RAN网元发送目标码率标识，如果当前缓存时长大于第一阈值，则UE在播放视频使得当前缓存时长小于或等于第一阈值后，根据目标码率标识，向视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求，视频服务器响应于终端根据目标码率标识发送的流媒体数据获取请求，向UE返回目标码率标识所指示的流媒体数据。
示例二：
如图3所示，为本申请实施例另一流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法，具体包括以下步骤。
步骤301、视频服务器向PCF发送媒体信息。其中，媒体信息包括N个码率标识、以及N个码率标识中每个码率标识指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息，其中，N个码率标识中每个码率标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种码率，N为大于或等于2的正整数。
步骤302、PCF接收到来自视频服务器的媒体信息后，向SMF发送媒体网络需求信息。其中，媒体网络需求信息包括N个码率标识、和N个码率标识分别对应的QoS信息，N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS信息用于指示对应码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
步骤303、SMF接收到来自PCF的媒体网络需求信息后，向RAN网元发送媒体QoS信息。其中，媒体QoS信息包括N个码率标识以及与N个码率标识分别对应的QoS需求信息。
步骤304、RAN网元接收到来自SMF的媒体QoS信息后，根据当前网络状况和媒体QoS信息，从N个码率标识中确定目标码率标识。其中，当前网络状况满足目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
步骤305、RAN网元向视频服务器发送目标码率标识。
在一些实施例中，RAN网元可以将目标码率标识携带在控制面信令、或用户面下行消息的头信息中发送给视频服务器。
示例的，RAN网元可以控制面信令与SMF交互，将目标码率标识给SMF，再由SMF将目标码率标识通知发送给PCF，然后由PCF通过能力开放服务将目标码率标识通知发送给AF，最后由AF将目标码率标识通知发送给视频服务器。
又示例的，RAN网元可以将目标码率标识携带在用户面消息的用户面GPRS隧道协议(GPRS tunneling protocol for the user plane，GTP-U)头中发送给UPF，再由UPF将目标码率标识携带在用户面消息的网络协议(internet protocol，IP)头中发送给视频服务器。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中GTP-U又可以简称为GTP。
需要说明的是，上述仅为RAN网元向视频服务器发送目标码率标识的示例性说明，并不构成对本申请实施例的限定。本申请实施例中RAN网元还可以通过其它方式向视频服务器发送目标码率标识。
步骤306、视频服务器接收到来自RAN网元的目标码率标识，向UE发送目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据。
示例的，视频服务器接收到来自RAN网元发送的目标码率标识后，响应于接收到来自UE的流媒体数据获取请求，向UE发送目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据。
例如，UE可以在当前缓存时长小于或等于第一阈值时，根据目标码率标识向视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求。
需要说明的是，示例二中步骤301～步骤304可以参见示例一中步骤201～步骤204的相关介绍，在此不再赘述。其中，与示例一不同的是，示例二可以无需对UE改进，RAN网元直接向视频服务器发送目标码率标识。
对于示例一和示例二中涉及的一种流媒体码率动态自适应网络的调整方法可以应用于最大比特速率(maximum bit rate，MBR)业务场景，对于保证比特速率(guaranteed bit  rate，GBR)业务场景，如果视频服务器与UE之间传输的流媒体数据的码率适应于RAN网元监测到的网络带宽的大小被调整，还需要重新对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置，以使得PDU会话能够满足码率调整后视频服务器与UE之间传输的流媒体数据的传输需求。其中，通过PDU会话可以建立UE与视频服务器之间的连接，从而实现UE与视频服务器之间传输流媒体数据。例如，可以参见示例三、示例四的相关介绍。
示例三：
如图4所示，为本申请实施例一种流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法，具体包括以下步骤。
步骤401、视频服务器向PCF发送媒体信息。其中，媒体信息包括N个码率标识、以及N个码率标识中每个码率标识指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息，其中，N个码率标识中每个码率标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种码率，N为大于或等于2的正整数。
步骤402、PCF接收到来自视频服务器的媒体信息后，向SMF发送媒体网络需求信息。其中，媒体网络需求信息包括N个码率标识、和N个码率标识分别对应的QoS信息，N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS信息用于指示对应码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
SMF接收到来自PCF的媒体网络需求信息后，执行步骤403a、步骤403b和步骤403c。其中，步骤403a、步骤403b和步骤403c没有必然的先后顺序。例如，步骤403a、步骤403b和步骤403c可以同时执行，也可以不同时执行，对比不作限定。
步骤403a、SMF向RAN网元发送媒体QoS信息。其中，媒体QoS信息包括N个码率标识以及与N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息，与N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息包括与该码率标识对应的QoS配置文件(QoS profile)。
步骤403b、SMF向UE发送的第一网络QoS信息，第一网络QoS信息包括N个码率标识以及与N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS规则(QoS rule)。
步骤403c、SMF向UPF发送第二网络QoS信息，第二网络QoS信息包括N个码率标识以及与N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的包检测规则(packet detection rule，PDR)。
其中，与N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS配置文件、QoS规则、以及PDR是SMF根据来自PCF的媒体网络需求信息确定的。
以N取值为3为例。例如，N个码率索引分别为编号1、编号2和编号3，其中，编号1指示的码率为2Mbps，编号2指示的码率为5Mbps，编号3指示的码率为10Mbps，与编号1对应的QoS信息为QoS参数集1，与编号2对应的QoS信息为QoS参数集2，与编号3对应的QoS信息为QoS参数集3，PCF根据QoS参数集1，确定与编号1对应的QoS profile、QoS rule和PDR，根据QoS参数集2，确定与编号2对应的QoS profile、QoS rule和PDR，以及根据QoS参数集3，确定与编号3对应的QoS profile、QoS rule和PDR。
示例的，SMF可以通过AMF向RAN网元发送媒体QoS信息、以及通过AMF向UE发送第一网络QoS信息。例如，SMF可以将媒体QoS信息携带在Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer包括的N2 SM Container中、以及将第一网络QoS信息携带在Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer包括的N1 SM Container中发送给AMF。再由AMF通过N2 PDU Session服务流程将N1 SM Container和N2 SM Container 发送给RAN网元，RAN网元接收到N1 SM Container后，将N1 SM Container发送给UE，从而使得UE接收到来自SMF的第一网络QoS信息。
示例的，SMF可以通过N4会话修改流程将第二网络QoS信息发送给UPF。
步骤404，UPF接收到第二网络QoS信息后，保存N个码率标识以及与N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的PDR。
步骤405，UE接收到第一网络QoS信息后，保存N个码率标识以及与N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS rule。
步骤406、RAN网元接收到来自SMF的媒体QoS信息后，根据当前网络状况和媒体QoS信息，从N个码率标识中确定目标码率标识。其中，当前网络状况满足目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
步骤407、RAN网元根据与N个码率标识分别对应的QoS profile中与目标码率标识对应的QoS profile，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置；以及RAN网元向终端发送目标码率标识、向UPF发送目标码率标识。
其中，RAN网元根据与目标码率标识对应的QoS profile，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置，可以理解为：RAN网元根据与目标码率标识对应的QoS profile，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行RAN侧的QoS参数配置。
示例的，RAN网元可以通过下列方式向UPF发送目标码率标识：
RAN网元可以通过SMF向UPF发送目标码率标识。例如，RAN网元与SMF通过控制面信令交互，将目标码率标识通知发送给SMF，再由SMF通过N4会话修改流程将目标码率标识发送给UPF。再例如，RAN网元将目标码率标识携带在用户面消息的GTP头中发送给UPF。
步骤408、UPF接收到来自RAN网元的目标码率标识，根据与N个码率标识分别对应的PDR中与目标码率标识对应的PDR，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置。
其中，UPF根据与目标码率标识对应的PDR，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置，可以理解为：UPF根据与目标码率标识对应的PDR，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行UPF侧的QoS参数配置。
步骤409、UE接收到来自RAN网元的目标码率标识，根据与N个码率标识分别对应的QoS rule中与目标码率标识对应的QoS rule，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置，以及根据目标码率标识，向视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求。
其中，UE根据与目标码率标识对应的QoS rule，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置，可以理解为：UE根据与目标码率标识对应的QoS rule，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行UE侧的QoS参数配置。
步骤410，视频服务器接收到来自UE的流媒体数据获取请求，向UE返回目标码率标识指示码率的流媒体数据。
需要说明的是，示例三与示例一中相同步骤，可以参见示例一中的相关介绍，在此不再赘述。
示例四：
如图5所示，为本申请实施例一种流媒体参数动态自适应网络的调整方法，具体包括 以下步骤。
步骤501、视频服务器向PCF发送媒体信息。其中，媒体信息包括N个码率标识、以及N个码率标识中每个码率标识指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息，其中，N个码率标识中每个码率标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种码率，N为大于或等于2的正整数。
步骤502、PCF接收到来自视频服务器的媒体信息后，向SMF发送媒体网络需求信息。其中，媒体网络需求信息包括N个码率标识、和N个码率标识分别对应的QoS信息，N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS信息用于指示对应码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
SMF接收到来自PCF的媒体网络需求信息后，执行步骤503a、步骤503b和步骤503c。其中，步骤503a、步骤503b和步骤503c没有必然的先后顺序。例如，步骤503a、步骤503b和步骤503c可以同时执行，也可以不同时执行，对比不作限定。
步骤503a，SMF向RAN网元发送媒体QoS信息，其中，媒体QoS信息包括N个码率标识以及与N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息，与N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息包括与该码率标识对应的QoS配置文件(QoS profile)。
步骤503b、SMF向UE发送的第一网络QoS信息，第一网络QoS信息包括N个码率标识以及与N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS规则(QoS rule)。
步骤503c、SMF向UPF发送第二网络QoS信息，第二网络QoS信息包括N个码率标识以及与N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的PDR。
步骤504，UPF接收到第二网络QoS信息后，保存N个码率标识以及与N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的PDR。
步骤505，UE接收到第一网络QoS信息后，保存N个码率标识以及与N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS rule。
步骤506、RAN网元接收到来自SMF的媒体QoS信息后，根据当前网络状况和媒体QoS信息，从N个码率标识中确定目标码率标识。其中，当前网络状况满足目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
步骤507、RAN网元根据与N个码率标识分别对应的QoS profile中与目标码率标识对应的QoS profile，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置；以及RAN网元向终端、视频服务器和UPF发送目标码率标识。
示例的，RAN网元可以通过UPF向视频服务器发送目标码率标识。例如，UPF可以通过控制面信令与SMF交互，将目标码率标识发送给SMF，由SMF通过PCF将目标码率标识发送给AF，由AF将目标码率标识发送给视频服务器。又示例的，UPF还可以将目标码率标识携带在用户面下行消息的GTP头中发送给视频服务器。
步骤508、UPF接收到来自RAN网元的目标码率标识，根据与N个码率标识分别对应的PDR中与目标码率标识对应的PDR，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置。
步骤509、UE接收到来自RAN网元的目标码率标识，根据与N个码率标识分别对应的QoS rule中与目标码率标识对应的QoS rule，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置。
步骤510，视频服务器接收到目标码率标识，向UE返回目标码率标识指示码率的流 媒体数据。
示例的，视频服务器接收到目标码率标识后，响应于接收到来自UE的流媒体数据获取请求，向UE发送目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据。
例如，UE可以在当前缓存时长小于或等于第一阈值时，根据目标码率标识向视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求。
其中，RAN网元、UPF和UE对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置的相关理解，可以参见示例三中的相关介绍，在此不在赘述。
需要说明的是，示例四与示例三中相同步骤，可以参见示例三中的相关介绍，在此不再赘述。
此外，还需要说明的是，对于示例一～示例四，UE还可以向RAN网元上报当前缓存时长或者其它信息，以使得RAN网元可以结合UE上报的视频客户端的当前缓存时长等信息，确定监测网络带宽的大小的策略，从而使得RAN网元根据监测的网络带宽的大小，向UE或视频服务器指示的码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据更适应当前网络状况的传输。
应理解，以上各个实施例可以单独使用，也可以相互结合使用，以实现不同的技术效果。
基于上述各实施例，本申请实施例提供了一种流媒体码率动态自适应网络的调整方法，示例的，接入网设备接收来自会话管理网元的媒体QoS信息，并根据当前网络状况与媒体QoS信息，从至少两个码率标识中确定目标码率标识，然后向终端或者视频服务器发送至少两个码率标识中的目标码率标识。其中，媒体QoS信息包括：至少两个码率标识以及与至少两个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息，每个码率标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种码率；当前网络状况满足目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
例如，会话管理网络向接入网络设备发送媒体QoS信息可以参见上述步骤203、步骤303、步骤403或步骤503的相关介绍，接入网设备根据当前网络状况与QoS信息，从至少两个码率标识中确定目标码率标识可以参见上述步骤204、步骤304、步骤406或者步骤506的相关介绍，接入网设备向终端发送目标码率标识可以参见上述步骤205、步骤407或步骤507中的相关介绍，接入网设备向视频服务器发送目标码率标识可以参见上述步骤305、步骤407或步骤507中的相关介绍，在此不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，与每个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息包括与每个码率标识对应的QOS配置文件。进一步的，在一些实施例中，接入网设备根据目标码率标识对应的QoS配置文件，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置，以及向用户面网元发送目标码率标识。
例如，接入网设备根据目标码率标识对应的QoS配置文件，对用于流媒体传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置、以及接入网设备向用户面网元发送目标码率标识可以参见上述步骤407、或者步骤507的相关介绍，在此不再赘述。
示例的，策略控制网元接收来自视频服务器的媒体信息，并向会话管理网元发送媒体网络需求信息，其中，媒体信息包括至少两个码率标识以及至少两个码率标识中每个码率标识指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息，每个码率标识用于指示视频服务 器支持的一种码率，媒体网络需求信息包括至少两个码率标识以及与至少两个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS信息，每个码率标识对应的QoS信息用于指示对应码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
例如，视频服务器向策略控制网元发送媒体信息可以参见上述步骤201、步骤301、步骤401或者步骤501中的相关介绍，策略控制网元向会话管理网元发送媒体网络需求信息可以参见上述步骤202、步骤302、步骤402或步骤502中的相关介绍，在此不再赘述。
示例的，会话管理网元接收到来自策略控制网元发送的媒体网络需求信息，向接入网络设备发送媒体QoS信息。
进一步的，在一些实施例中，会话管理网元还向终端发送第一网络QoS信息，以及向用户面网元发送第二网络QoS信息，第一网络QoS信息包括至少两个码率标识以及与至少两个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS规则，第二网络QoS信息包括至少两个码率标识以及与至少两个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的PDR。
例如，会话管理网元向终端发送第一网络QoS信息、向用户面网元发送第二网络QoS信息可以参见上述步骤403或步骤503中的相关介绍，在此不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，用户面网元接收第二网络QoS信息，并在接收到目标码率标识后，根据目标码率标识对应的PDR，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置。
在一些实施例中，视频服务器向终端发送媒体概述信息，媒体概述信息包括至少两个码率标识。或者，在一些实施例中，终端可以从接入网设备获取至少两个码率标识。其中，终端获取至少两个码率标识可以参见示例一中的相关介绍，在此不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，视频服务器在接收到目标码率标识后，向终端发送目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据，可以参见上述步骤306、或者步骤510的相关介绍，在此在再赘述。
在又一些实施例中，终端接收来自接入网设备的目标码率标识，根据目标码率标识，向视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求。其中流媒体获取请求包括与目标码率标识对应的流媒体数据获取地址。该步骤可以参见上述步骤206、或者步骤409中的相关介绍，在此不再赘述。
进一步的，在一些实施例中，终端还接收来自会话管理网元的第一网络服务质量QoS信息，并根据标码率标识对应的QoS规则，对用于流媒体数据传输的协议数据单元PDU会话进行QoS参数配置。
上述本申请提供的实施例中，从终端设备作为执行主体的角度对本申请实施例提供的通信方法进行了介绍。为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的通信方法中的各功能，终端设备可以包括硬件结构和/或软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能以硬件结构、软件模块、还是硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。
示例的，如图6所示，为本申请实施例的一种通信装置600，包括：收发单元601和处理单元602。
一示例中，通信装置600用于实现图2～图5所示的方法中RAN网元的功能。在这种情况下，收发单元601用于接收来自会话管理网元的媒体QoS信息。其中，媒体QoS信息包括：N个码率标识以及与N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息，每个码率标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种码率；N为大于或等于2的正整数。
处理单元602用于根据当前网络状况与媒体QoS信息，从N个码率标识中确定目标码率标识，当前网络状况满足目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求；
收发单元601还用于向终端或者视频服务器发送目标码率标识。
又一示例中，通信装置600用于实现图2～图5所示的方法中UPF的功能。在这种情况下，收发单元601用于接收来自会话管理网元的第二网络QoS信息，第二网络QoS信息包括N个码率标识以及与N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的PDR；
以及接收接入网设备发送的目标码率标识，目标码率标识为N个码率标识中的一个，且当前网络状况满足目标码率标识所指示的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求；
处理单元602用于根据N个码率标识对应的PDR中与目标码率标识对应的PDR，对用于流媒体数据传输的PDU会话进行QoS参数配置。
又一示例中，通信装置600用于实现图2～图5所示的方法中视频服务器的功能。在这种情况下，处理单元602用于生成媒体信息，媒体信息包括所述N个码率标识、以及N个码率标识中每个码率标识指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息；
收发单元601用于向策略控制网元发送媒体信息。
又一示例中，通信装置600用于实现图2～图5所示的方法中UE的功能。在这种情况下，收发单元601用于接收来自接入网设备的目标码率标识，其中，当前网络状况满足目标码率标识所指示的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求；
处理单元602用于根据目标码率标识，向视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求。
示例的，如图7所示，为本申请实施例的一种通信装置700，包括：接收单元701和发送单元702。
一示例中，通信装置700用于实现图2～图5所示的方法中PCF的功能。在这种情况下，接收单元701用于接收来自视频服务器的媒体信息，媒体信息包括N个码率标识以及N个码率标识中每个码率标识指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息；
发送单元702用于向会话管理网元发送媒体网络需求信息，媒体网络需求信息包括N个码率标识以及与N个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS信息。
一示例中，通信装置700用于实现图2～图5所示的方法中SMF的功能。在这种情况下，接收单元701用于接收来自策略控制网元的媒体网络需求信息；
发送单元702用于向接入网设备发送媒体QoS信息，媒体QoS信息包括N个码率标识和与N个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息。
示例的，如图8所示，为本申请实施例的一通信装置800，包括至少一个处理器810和存储器820，可以用于实现图2～图5所示的方法中RAN网元、PCF、UPF、SMF、UE或视频服务器的功能。
其中，存储器820中存储有计算机程序。存储器820和处理器810耦合。本申请实施例中的耦合是装置、单元或模块之间的间隔耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式，用于装置、单元或模块之间的信息交互。作为另一种实现，存储器820还可以位于通信装置800之外。处理器810可以和存储器820协同操作。处理器810可以调用存储器820中存储的计算机程序，从而实现上述实施例提供的流媒体码率动态自适应网络的调整方法。所述至少一个存储器中的至少一个可以包括于处理器中。
在一些实施例中，通信装置800还可以包括通信接口830，用于通过传输介质和其它 设备进行通信，从而用于通信装置800中的装置可以和其它设备进行通信。示例性地，通信接口830可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块或其它类型的通信接口，该其它设备可以是其它终端。处理器810利用通信接口830收发数据，并用于实现上述实施例中的方法。
在本申请实施例中，处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器、专用集成电路、现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。
在本申请实施例中，存储器可以是非易失性存储器，比如硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)等，还可以是易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)。存储器是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。本申请实施例中的存储器还可以是电路或者其它任意能够实现存储功能的装置，用于存储计算机程序和/或数据。
本申请实施例提供的方法中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序时，全部或部分地产生按照本发明实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、用户设备或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，简称DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机可以存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，数字视频光盘(digital video disc，简称DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，SSD)等。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种流媒体码率动态自适应网络的调整方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    接入网设备接收来自会话管理网元的媒体服务质量QoS信息，所述媒体QoS信息包括：至少两个码率标识以及与所述至少两个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息，所述每个码率标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种码率；
    所述接入网设备根据当前网络状况与所述媒体QoS信息，从所述至少两个码率标识中确定目标码率标识，所述当前网络状况满足所述目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求；
    所述接入网设备向终端或者视频服务器发送所述至少两个码率标识中的目标码率标识。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述每个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息用于指示对应码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网设备根据当前网络状况与所述媒体QoS信息，从所述至少两个码率标识中确定目标码率标识，包括：
    所述接入网设备监测网络带宽的大小；
    当所述接入网络设备监测到的网络带宽的大小与目标网络带宽的大小之间的差值在目标范围内持续目标时长时，所述接入网设备从所述至少两个码率标识中确定用于指示流媒体数据在传输时所需求的网络带宽的大小为所述目标网络带宽的大小的码率的码率标识为所述目标码率标识。
  4. 如权利要求1至3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述媒体QoS信息还包括缓存信息，所述缓存信息用于指示所述终端允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长，所述目标时长小于或等于所述最小缓存时长。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备根据所述缓存信息，确定所述目标时长。
  6. 如权利要求1至5任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述媒体QoS信息还包括：媒体标识，所述媒体标识用于指示码率自适应网络的流媒体业务。
  7. 如权利要求1至6任一所述的方法，其特征在于，与所述每个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息包括与所述每个码率标识对应的QoS配置文件。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备根据所述目标码率标识对应的QoS配置文件，对用于流媒体数据传输的协议数据单元PDU会话进行QoS参数配置，以及向用户面网元发送所述目标码率标识。
  9. 如权利要求1至8任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网设备向终端或者视频服务器发送所述至少两个码率标识中的目标码率标识，包括：
    所述接入网设备将所述目标码率标识携带在无线资源控制RRC消息中发送给所述终端或所述视频服务器；或者，
    所述接入网设备将所述目标码率标识携带在用户面下行消息的头信息中发送给所述终端或所述视频服务器。
  10. 一种流媒体码率动态自适应网络的调整方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    策略控制网元接收来自视频服务器的媒体信息，所述媒体信息包括至少两个码率标识 以及所述至少两个码率标识中每个码率标识指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息，所述每个码率标识用于指示所述视频服务器支持的一种码率；
    所述策略控制网元向会话管理网元发送媒体网络需求信息，所述媒体网络需求信息包括所述至少两个码率标识以及与所述至少两个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的服务质量QoS信息，所述每个码率标识对应的QoS信息用于指示对应码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，与所述至少两个码率标识对应的QoS信息是所述策略控制网元根据所述媒体信息得到的。
  12. 如权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述媒体网络需求信息还包括缓存信息和/或媒体标识，所述缓存信息用于指示终端允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长，所述媒体标识用于指示码率自适应网络的流媒体业务。
  13. 一种流媒体码率动态自适应网络的调整方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    会话管理网元接收来自策略控制网元的媒体网络需求信息，所述媒体网络需求信息包括至少两个码率标识以及与所述至少两个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的服务质量QoS信息，所述每个码率标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种码率，所述每个码率标识对应的QoS信息用于指示对应码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求；
    所述会话管理网元向接入网设备发送媒体QoS信息，所述媒体QoS信息包括至少两个码率标识和与所述至少两个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述每个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息用于指示对应码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求。
  15. 如权利要求13或14所述的方法，其特征在于，与所述每个码率标识对应的QoS需求信息包括与所述每个码率标识对应的QoS配置文件。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理网元向终端发送第一网络QoS信息，以及向用户面网元发送第二网络QoS信息，所述第一网络QoS信息包括所述至少两个码率标识以及与所述至少两个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的QoS规则，所述第二网络QoS信息包括所述至少两个码率标识以及与所述至少两个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的包检测规则PDR。
  17. 如权利要求13至16任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述媒体QoS信息还包括缓存信息和/或媒体标识，所述缓存信息用于指示终端允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长，所述媒体标识用于指示码率自适应网络的流媒体业务。
  18. 一种流媒体码率动态自适应网络的调整方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    用户面网元接收来自会话管理网元的第二网络服务质量QoS信息，所述第二网络QoS信息包括所述至少两个码率标识以及与所述至少两个码率标识中每个码率标识对应的包检测规则PDR，所述每个码率标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种码率；
    所述用户面网元接收接入网设备发送的目标码率标识，所述目标码率标识为所述至少两个码率标识中的一个，且当前网络状况满足所述目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求；
    所述用户面网元根据所述至少两个码率标识对应的PDR中与所述目标码率标识对应的PDR，对用于流媒体数据传输的协议数据单元PDU会话进行QoS参数配置。
  19. 一种流媒体码率动态自适应网络的调整方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    视频服务器生成媒体信息，所述媒体信息包括所述至少两个码率标识、以及所述至少两个码率标识中每个码率标识指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求信息，所述每个码率标识用于指示所述视频服务器支持的一种码率；
    所述视频服务器向策略控制网元发送所述媒体信息。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述媒体相关信息还包括缓存信息、和/或媒体标识，所述缓存信息用于指示终端允许视频播放所需的最小缓存时长，所述媒体标识用于指示码率自适应网络的流媒体业务。
  21. 如权利要求19或20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述视频服务器向终端发送媒体概述信息，所述媒体概述信息包括所述至少两个码率标识。
  22. 如权利要求19至21任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述视频服务器接收接入网设备发送的目标码率标识，所述当前网络状况满足所述目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求，且所述目标码率标识为所述至少两个码率标识中的一个码率标识；
    所述视频服务器向终端发送所述目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述视频服务器向终端发送所述目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据，包括：
    所述视频服务器在接收到所述目标码率标识后，响应于接收到来自所述终端的流媒体数据获取请求，向终端发送所述目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据。
  24. 一种流媒体码率动态自适应网络的调整方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    终端接收来自接入网设备的目标码率标识，其中，当前网络状况满足所述目标码率标识所指示的码率的流媒体数据在传输时的网络需求，且所述目标码率标识为至少两个码率标识中的一个码率标识，所述至少两个码率标识中每个码率标识用于指示视频服务器支持的一种码率；
    所述终端根据所述目标码率标识，向所述视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求，所述流媒体获取请求包括与目标码率标识对应的流媒体数据获取地址。
  25. 如权利要求24所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端接收来自所述视频服务器的媒体概述信息，所述媒体概述信息包括所述至少两个码率标识；或者，
    所述终端从所述接入网设备获取所述至少两个码率标识。
  26. 如权利要求24或25所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端根据所述目标码率标识，向所述视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求，包括：
    所述终端在当前缓存时长小于或等于第一阈值时，根据所述目标码率标识，向所述视频服务器发送流媒体数据获取请求。
  27. 如权利要求24至26任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端接收来自会话管理网元的第一网络服务质量QoS信息，所述第一网络QoS信息包括所述至少两个码率标识以及与所述至少两个码率标识对应的QoS规则；
    所述终端根据所述目标码率标识对应的QoS规则，对用于流媒体数据传输的协议数据单元PDU会话进行QoS参数配置。
  28. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器和存储器，其中，所述存储器中存储 有程序指令，所述处理器运行所述存储器存储的所述程序指令，执行如权利要求1至9任一所述的方法、或者如权利要求10至12任一所述的方法、或者如权利要求13至17任一所述的方法、或者如权利要求18所述的方法、或者如权利要求19至23任一所述的方法、或者如权利要求24至27任一所述的方法。
  29. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被计算机执行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1至9任一所述的方法、或者如权利要求10至12任一所述的方法、或者如权利要求13至17任一所述的方法、或者如权利要求18所述的方法、或者如权利要求19至23任一所述的方法、或者如权利要求24至27任一所述的方法。
  30. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，所述通信系统包括接入网设备、策略控制网元和会话管理网元；或者，所述通信系统接入网设备、策略控制网元和会话管理网元和用户面网元；
    其中，所述接入网设备用于执行如权利要求1至9任一所述的方法；
    所述策略控制网元用于执行如权利要求10至12任一所述的方法；
    所述会话管理网元用于执行如权利要求13至17任一所述的方法；
    所述用户面网元用于执行如权利要求18所述的方法。
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