WO2021238660A1 - 通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021238660A1
WO2021238660A1 PCT/CN2021/093455 CN2021093455W WO2021238660A1 WO 2021238660 A1 WO2021238660 A1 WO 2021238660A1 CN 2021093455 W CN2021093455 W CN 2021093455W WO 2021238660 A1 WO2021238660 A1 WO 2021238660A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
communication device
qos
image
image processing
rendering
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/093455
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄曲芳
马景旺
魏岳军
李拟珺
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP21812604.3A priority Critical patent/EP4145902A4/en
Publication of WO2021238660A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021238660A1/zh
Priority to US17/994,043 priority patent/US11979450B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/24—Negotiating SLA [Service Level Agreement]; Negotiating QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0268—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and device.
  • Extended reality refers to a combination of real and virtual, human-computer interaction environment generated by computer technology and wearable devices.
  • XR is proposed on the basis of augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) and mixed reality (MR).
  • AR augmented reality
  • VR virtual reality
  • MR mixed reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • MR mixed reality
  • XR is actually a general term that includes AR, VR and MR.
  • the purpose of XR business is to use high-speed network, plus 360-degree imaging and other technologies to achieve an interactive immersive experience.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device, which are used to solve the problem of selecting the QoS of the XR service.
  • a communication method is provided, which is applicable to a first communication device, the first communication device being a core network device or an access network device, and the method includes: the first communication device receives a user request from a second communication device For the indication information indicating at least one QoS of the XR service, the first QoS of the XR service is determined according to the at least one QoS.
  • the XR device receives XR service data and/or sends XR service data through a terminal device
  • the second communication device is an XR server or a chip in the XR server.
  • the first communication device can receive indication information indicating at least one QoS from the second communication device, and determine the first QoS of the XR service in the at least one QoS, and subsequently can use the first QoS to perform the XR service, So as to solve the problem of how to choose the QoS of XR service.
  • the indication information is also used to indicate at least one image processing parameter corresponding to QoS, and the image processing parameter includes one or more of the following: image rendering mode and image transmission mode.
  • This possible implementation manner can enable the first communication device to determine at least one image processing parameter corresponding to QoS.
  • the method further includes: the first communication device acquires the image processing capability of the terminal device; wherein the image processing capability includes one or more of the following: an image rendering mode supported by the terminal device, and the terminal device Supported image transmission methods, image processing tendencies of terminal devices, where the image processing tendencies of terminal devices include one or more of the following: image rendering methods favored by terminal devices, image transmission methods favored by terminal devices; first communication device Determining the first QoS of the XR service according to the at least one QoS includes: the first communication device determines the first QoS according to the at least one QoS and the image processing capability. This possible implementation provides a method for determining the first QoS.
  • acquiring the image processing capability of the terminal device by the first communication device includes: the first communication device receives the image processing capability from the terminal device.
  • This possible implementation manner provides a method for the first communication device to acquire the image processing capability of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device does not support image rendering.
  • the method further includes: the first communication device sends the first QoS to the second communication device.
  • the first communication device sends the first QoS to the second communication device, so that the second communication device determines the image processing parameters used when performing image data processing with the terminal device.
  • the method further includes: when the QoS of the XR service changes from the first QoS to the second QoS, the first communication device sends the second QoS of the XR service to the second communication device.
  • the QoS of the XR service changes, the first communication device sends the second QoS to the second communication device, so that the second communication device updates the image processing parameters used in image data processing with the terminal device .
  • the method further includes: the first communication device obtains the updated image processing parameters from the second communication device; the first communication device updates the QoS of the XR service according to the updated image processing parameters, and the image processing
  • the parameters include one or more of the following: image rendering mode, image transmission mode.
  • the image rendering methods include: local rendering, distributed rendering, and cloud rendering; among them, local rendering refers to the rendering method in which the terminal device performs all the rendering of the image, and the distributed rendering refers to the terminal device performing the image
  • the partial rendering rendering mode of the cloud rendering refers to the rendering mode in which the second communication device performs full rendering of the image.
  • the image transmission method includes: perspective-based image transmission, and non-perspective image transmission.
  • a communication method is provided, the method is suitable for a second communication device, the second communication device is an XR server or a chip in the XR server, and the method includes: the second communication device receives QoS for requesting XR services And send indication information for indicating at least one QoS of the XR service to the first communication device.
  • the XR device receives XR service data and/or sends XR service data through a terminal device
  • the first communication device is a core network device or an access network device.
  • the second communication device can indicate at least one QoS to the first communication device, so that the first communication device determines the first QoS of the XR service in the at least one QoS, and subsequently can use the first QoS to perform the XR service, So as to solve the problem of how to choose the QoS of XR service.
  • the method further includes: the second communication device receives the image processing capability of the terminal device from the terminal device; wherein the image processing capability includes one or more of the following: an image rendering mode supported by the terminal device , The image transmission method supported by the terminal device, and the image processing tendency of the terminal device.
  • the image processing tendency of the terminal device includes one or more of the following: the image rendering method favored by the terminal device, and the image transmission method favored by the terminal device; 2.
  • the communication device determines at least one QoS of the XR service and at least one image processing parameter corresponding to the at least one QoS according to the image processing capability.
  • the image processing parameter includes one or more of the following: image rendering mode and image transmission mode.
  • the indication information is also used to indicate at least one image processing parameter corresponding to QoS.
  • This possible implementation manner can enable the first communication device to determine at least one image processing parameter corresponding to QoS.
  • the terminal device does not support image rendering.
  • the method further includes: the second communication device receives the first QoS determined for the XR service from the first communication device; and the second communication device determines the image processing parameter corresponding to the first QoS according to the first QoS ; The second communication device uses one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS to process image data.
  • the first communication device sends the first QoS to the second communication device, and the second communication device can determine the image processing parameters used when performing image data processing with the terminal device according to the first QoS.
  • the method further includes: the second communication device sends one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS to the terminal device.
  • the second communication device sends one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS to the terminal device, so that the terminal device obtains the image processing parameters used when performing image data processing.
  • the method further includes: the second communication device receives the second QoS determined for the XR service from the first communication device; The second communication device determines whether to update the image processing parameters according to the second QoS; if so, the second communication device determines the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS according to the second QoS; the second communication device uses one of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS Or multiple processing image data.
  • the first communication device sends the second QoS to the second communication device, and the second communication device can update the image data processing method used by the terminal device according to the second QoS. Image processing parameters.
  • the method further includes: the second communication device sends one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS to the terminal device.
  • the method further includes: the second communication device updates the image processing parameters used; and the second communication device sends the updated image processing parameters to the first communication device and the terminal device.
  • the second communication device may send the updated image processing parameters to the first communication device so that the first The communication device updates the QoS of the XR service.
  • the image rendering methods include: local rendering, distributed rendering, and cloud rendering; among them, local rendering refers to the rendering method in which the terminal device performs all the rendering of the image, and the distributed rendering refers to the terminal device performing the image
  • the partial rendering rendering mode of the cloud rendering refers to the rendering mode in which the second communication device performs full rendering of the image.
  • the image transmission method includes: perspective-based image transmission, and non-perspective image transmission.
  • a communication method including: a terminal device reports the image processing capability of the terminal device to a second communication device, the second communication device is an XR server or a chip in the XR server, and the XR device passes all
  • the terminal device receives XR service data and/or sends the XR service data; wherein, the image processing capability includes one or more of the following: an image rendering mode supported by the terminal device, and the terminal device supports
  • the image transmission mode of the terminal device, the image processing tendency of the terminal device, and the image processing tendency of the terminal device include one or more of the following: the image rendering mode preferred by the terminal device, and the image transmission mode preferred by the terminal device
  • the terminal device receives the image processing parameters from the second communication device, and processes the image data according to the received image processing parameters, the image processing parameters include one or more of the following: image rendering mode, image transfer method.
  • the method provided in the third aspect provides a method for a second communication device to acquire the image processing capability of a terminal device.
  • the image rendering mode includes: local rendering, distributed rendering, and cloud rendering; wherein, the local rendering refers to a rendering mode in which the communication device performs all rendering of the image, and the distribution Mode rendering refers to a rendering manner in which the communication device performs partial rendering of an image, and the cloud rendering refers to a rendering manner in which the second communication device performs full rendering of an image.
  • the image transmission mode includes: perspective-based image transmission, and non-perspective image transmission.
  • the communication device does not support image rendering if the image processing capability does not include an image rendering mode supported by the communication device.
  • a communication method including: a terminal device reports an image processing capability of the terminal device to a first communication device, the first communication device is a core network device or an access network device, and the XR device passes all The terminal device receives XR service data and/or sends the XR service data; wherein, the image processing capability includes one or more of the following: an image rendering mode supported by the terminal device, and the terminal device supports The image transmission mode of the terminal device, the image processing tendency of the terminal device, and the image processing tendency of the terminal device include one or more of the following: the image rendering mode preferred by the terminal device, and the image transmission mode preferred by the terminal device .
  • the method provided in the fourth aspect provides a method for the first communication device to obtain the image processing capability of the terminal device.
  • the image rendering mode includes: local rendering, distributed rendering, and cloud rendering; wherein, the local rendering refers to a rendering mode in which the communication device performs all rendering of the image, and the distribution Mode rendering refers to a rendering manner in which the communication device performs partial rendering of an image, and the cloud rendering refers to a rendering manner in which the second communication device performs full rendering of an image.
  • the image transmission mode includes: perspective-based image transmission, and non-perspective image transmission.
  • the communication device does not support image rendering if the image processing capability does not include an image rendering mode supported by the communication device.
  • a communication device including one or more functional units, and the one or more functional units are used to execute the method provided in the above-mentioned first aspect.
  • the communication device includes: a communication unit and a processing unit; the communication unit is configured to receive instruction information from the second communication device, where the instruction information is used to indicate at least one QoS of the XR service, and the XR device passes through the terminal The device receives the data of the XR service and/or sends the data of the XR service, the second communication device is an XR server or a chip in the XR server; the processing unit is configured to determine the data according to the at least one QoS The first QoS of the XR service is described.
  • the indication information is further used to indicate the image processing parameter corresponding to the at least one QoS, and the image processing parameter includes one or more of the following: image rendering mode and image transmission mode.
  • the processing unit is further configured to obtain the image processing capability of the terminal device; wherein, the image processing capability includes one or more of the following: images supported by the terminal device
  • the rendering mode, the image transmission mode supported by the terminal device, the image processing tendency of the terminal device, and the image processing tendency of the terminal device include one or more of the following: the image rendering mode favored by the terminal device, so The image transmission mode preferred by the terminal device; the processing unit is specifically configured to determine the first QoS according to the at least one QoS and the image processing capability.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to: receive the image processing capability from the terminal device through the communication unit.
  • the terminal device does not support image rendering if the image processing capability does not include an image rendering mode supported by the terminal device.
  • the communication unit is further configured to send the first QoS to the second communication device.
  • the communication unit when the QoS of the XR service changes from the first QoS to the second QoS, the communication unit is further configured to send the information of the XR service to the second communication device.
  • the second QoS when the QoS of the XR service changes from the first QoS to the second QoS, the communication unit is further configured to send the information of the XR service to the second communication device.
  • the second QoS when the QoS of the XR service changes from the first QoS to the second QoS, the communication unit is further configured to send the information of the XR service to the second communication device.
  • the communication unit is further configured to obtain updated image processing parameters from the second communication device; and the processing unit is further configured to update image processing parameters according to the updated image processing parameters.
  • the image processing parameter includes one or more of the following: an image rendering mode and an image transmission mode.
  • the image rendering mode includes: local rendering, distributed rendering, and cloud rendering; wherein, the local rendering refers to the rendering mode in which the terminal device performs all the rendering of the image, and the distribution Mode rendering refers to a rendering mode in which the terminal device performs partial rendering of an image, and the cloud rendering refers to a rendering mode in which the second communication device performs full rendering of an image.
  • the image transmission mode includes: perspective-based image transmission, and non-perspective image transmission.
  • the communication device is a core network device or an access network device.
  • a communication device which includes one or more functional units, and the one or more functional units are used to execute the method provided in the above-mentioned first aspect.
  • the communication device includes: a processing unit and a communication unit; the processing unit is configured to receive a request message through the communication unit, and the request message is used to request QoS of the XR service, and the XR device receives the data through the terminal device.
  • the processing unit is further configured to send instruction information to the first communication device through the communication unit, and the instruction information is used to indicate the data of the XR service At least one QoS, and the first communication device is a core network device or an access network device.
  • the processing unit is further configured to receive the image processing capability of the terminal device from the terminal device through the communication unit; wherein, the image processing capability includes one of the following or Multiple: the image rendering mode supported by the terminal device, the image transmission mode supported by the terminal device, the image processing tendency of the terminal device, and the image processing tendency of the terminal device include one or more of the following: The image rendering mode preferred by the terminal device, the image transmission mode preferred by the terminal device; the processing unit is further configured to determine, according to the image processing capability, at least one QoS of the XR service corresponding to the at least one QoS Image processing parameters, the image processing parameters include one or more of the following: image rendering mode, image transmission mode.
  • the indication information is further used to indicate the image processing parameter corresponding to the at least one QoS.
  • the terminal device does not support image rendering if the image processing capability does not include an image rendering mode supported by the terminal device.
  • the processing unit is further configured to receive the first QoS determined for the XR service from the first communication device through the communication unit; the processing unit is further configured to The first QoS determines the image processing parameter corresponding to the first QoS, and uses one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS to process image data.
  • the processing unit is further configured to send one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS to the terminal device through the communication unit.
  • the processing unit when the QoS of the XR service changes from the first QoS to the second QoS, the processing unit is further configured to receive data from the first communication device through the communication unit.
  • the second QoS determined by the XR service; the processing unit is further configured to determine whether to update the image processing parameters according to the second QoS; if so, the processing unit is further configured to determine the second QoS according to the second QoS Two image processing parameters corresponding to the QoS, using one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS to process image data.
  • the processing unit is further configured to send one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS to the terminal device through the communication unit.
  • the processing unit is further configured to update the image processing parameters used, and send the updated image processing to the first communication device and the terminal device through the communication unit. parameter.
  • the image rendering mode includes: local rendering, distributed rendering, and cloud rendering; wherein, the local rendering refers to the rendering mode in which the terminal device performs all the rendering of the image, and the distribution Mode rendering refers to a rendering mode in which the terminal device performs partial rendering of an image, and the cloud rendering refers to a rendering mode in which the communication device performs full rendering of an image.
  • the image transmission mode includes: perspective-based image transmission, and non-perspective image transmission.
  • the communication device is an XR server or a chip in an XR server.
  • a communication device which includes one or more functional units, and the one or more functional units are configured to execute the method provided in the above-mentioned first aspect.
  • the communication device includes: a processing unit and a communication unit; the communication unit is configured to report the image processing capability of the communication device to a second communication device, and the second communication device is an XR server or an XR server The XR device receives XR service data and/or sends the XR service data through the communication device; wherein, the image processing capability includes one or more of the following: image rendering supported by the communication device Mode, the image transmission mode supported by the communication device, the image processing tendency of the communication device, and the image processing tendency of the communication device include one or more of the following: the image rendering mode favored by the communication device, the The image transmission method preferred by the communication device; the communication unit is also used to receive image processing parameters from the second communication device; the processing unit is used to process image data according to the received image processing parameters, so
  • the image processing parameters include one or
  • the image rendering mode includes: local rendering, distributed rendering, and cloud rendering; wherein, the local rendering refers to a rendering mode in which the communication device performs all rendering of the image, and the distribution Mode rendering refers to a rendering manner in which the communication device performs partial rendering of an image, and the cloud rendering refers to a rendering manner in which the second communication device performs full rendering of an image.
  • the image transmission mode includes: perspective-based image transmission, and non-perspective image transmission.
  • the communication device does not support image rendering if the image processing capability does not include an image rendering mode supported by the communication device.
  • a communication device which includes one or more functional units, and the one or more functional units are configured to execute the method provided in the above-mentioned first aspect.
  • the communication device includes: a processing unit and a communication unit; the processing unit is configured to report the image processing capability of the communication device to the first communication device through the communication unit, and the first communication device is the core Network equipment or access network equipment, the XR equipment receives XR service data and/or sends the XR service data through the communication device; wherein, the image processing capability includes one or more of the following: the communication
  • the image rendering method supported by the device, the image transmission method supported by the communication device, the image processing tendency of the communication device, and the image processing tendency of the communication device include one or more of the following: an image of the communication device tendency Rendering mode, the image transmission mode preferred by the communication device.
  • the image rendering mode includes: local rendering, distributed rendering, and cloud rendering; wherein, the local rendering refers to a rendering mode in which the communication device performs all rendering of the image, and the distribution Mode rendering refers to a rendering manner in which the communication device performs partial rendering of an image, and the cloud rendering refers to a rendering manner in which the second communication device performs full rendering of an image.
  • the image transmission mode includes: perspective-based image transmission, and non-perspective image transmission.
  • the communication device does not support image rendering if the image processing capability does not include an image rendering mode supported by the communication device.
  • a communication device including a processor.
  • the processor is connected to the memory, and the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so as to implement any one of the methods provided in any one of the first aspect to the fourth aspect.
  • the memory and the processor may be integrated together, or may be independent devices. In the latter case, the memory may be located in the communication device or outside the communication device.
  • the processor includes a logic circuit, and also includes at least one of an input interface and an output interface.
  • the output interface is used to execute the sending action in the corresponding method
  • the input interface is used to execute the receiving action in the corresponding method.
  • the communication device further includes a communication interface and a communication bus, and the processor, the memory, and the communication interface are connected through the communication bus.
  • the communication interface is used to perform the sending and receiving actions in the corresponding method.
  • the communication interface may also be called a transceiver.
  • the communication interface includes at least one of a transmitter and a receiver. In this case, the transmitter is used to perform the sending action in the corresponding method, and the receiver is used to perform the receiving action in the corresponding method.
  • the communication device exists in the form of a chip product.
  • a communication device including: a processor and an interface, the processor is coupled with the memory through the interface, and when the processor executes the computer program or computer execution instruction in the memory, the first aspect to the fourth aspect are Any one of the methods provided by any one of the aspects is executed.
  • a computer-readable storage medium including computer-executable instructions.
  • the computer-executable instructions run on a computer, the computer executes any of the provisions provided in any one of the first to fourth aspects. a way.
  • a computer program product including computer-executable instructions, which when the computer-executable instructions run on a computer, cause the computer to execute any one of the aspects provided in the first to fourth aspects method.
  • a communication system including one or more of the communication devices provided in the fifth to eighth aspects.
  • a communication device is provided, which is used to implement any one of the methods provided in any one of the first to fourth aspects.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a 5G system provided by an embodiment of the application
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a PDU session provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between a PDU session and a QoS flow provided by an embodiment of this application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of communication between an XR device and an XR server according to an embodiment of this application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an XR architecture provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another XR architecture provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a screen displayed by an XR device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of still another XR architecture provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 9 is an interaction flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 10 is an interaction flowchart of yet another communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 11 is an interaction flowchart of yet another communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 12 is an interaction flowchart of yet another communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 13 is an interaction flowchart of yet another communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • A/B means or, for example, A/B can mean A or B; the "and/or” in this document is only an association relationship describing associated objects, It means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A alone exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • plural means two or more than two.
  • At least one refers to any one or a combination of any multiple, and “at least one” refers to any one or a combination of any multiple.
  • at least one of A, B and C may include the following situations: 1A; 2B; 3C; 4A and B; 5A and C; 6B and C; 7A, B and C.
  • words such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish the same items or similar items with substantially the same function and effect.
  • words “first”, “second” and the like do not limit the quantity and order of execution, and the words “first” and “second” do not limit the difference.
  • This application can be applied to 4th Generation (4G) systems, various systems based on 4G system evolution, 5th Generation (5G) systems, and various systems based on 5G system evolution.
  • the 4G system may also be called an evolved packet system (EPS).
  • the core network of the 4G system may be called an evolved packet core (EPC), and the access network may be called a long term evolution (LTE).
  • the core network of the 5G system may be called 5GC (5G core), and the access network may be called new radio (NR).
  • the application is applied to the 5G system as an example to illustrate the application, but it is understandable that the application is also applicable to 4G systems, third generation (3th Generation, 3G) systems, etc., without limitation .
  • Fig. 1 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a 5G system.
  • the 5G system may include: authentication server function (authentication server function, AUSF) network elements, access and mobility management function (core access and mobility management function, AMF) network elements, data network (data network, DN) ), unified data management (UDM) network elements, policy control function (PCF) network elements, radio access network (RAN) network elements, user plane functions, UPF) network element, terminal device (terminal), application function (AF) network element, session management function (session management function, SMF) network element.
  • authentication server function authentication server function
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • AMF data network
  • DN data network
  • UDM unified data management
  • PCF policy control function
  • RAN radio access network
  • AF application function
  • SMF session management function
  • the RAN network element, AMF network element, SMF network element, AUSF network element, UDM network element, UPF network element and PCF network element in Figure 1 are only a name, and the name does not constitute a limitation on the network element itself.
  • the entities or devices corresponding to these network elements may also have other names, which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • UDM network elements may also be replaced with user home server (home subscriber server, HSS) or user subscription database (user subscription database, USD) or database network elements, etc., which are uniformly explained here, and will not be repeated here. .
  • RAN network element For the convenience of description, RAN network element, AMF network element, SMF network element, UDM network element, UPF network element, PCF network element, etc. are respectively referred to by RAN, AMF, SMF, UDM, UPF, PCF, etc. in the following.
  • Figure 1 shows the interaction relationship between network elements and the corresponding interface.
  • the terminal device and the AMF can interact through the N1 interface, and the interaction messages are called N1 messages.
  • Part of the interface is implemented as a service interface.
  • PCF has functions such as providing policy rules to control plane network elements.
  • UDM has functions such as managing the user's contract data and generating user authentication information.
  • AF can be an application server, which can belong to an operator or a third party. It mainly supports interaction with the 3rd generation partnership project (3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP) core network to provide services, such as influencing data routing decisions, policy control functions, or providing third-party services to the network side.
  • 3rd generation partnership project 3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP
  • AMF also called access management equipment
  • AMF is mainly responsible for the signaling processing part, for example, terminal equipment registration management, terminal equipment connection management, terminal equipment reachability management, terminal equipment access authorization and access authentication Right, terminal equipment security function, terminal equipment mobility management, network slice selection, SMF selection, terminal equipment attachment and detachment functions.
  • AMF serves as the anchor point for the connection between N1 signaling and N2 signaling and provides SMF with N1/N2 interface session management (session management, SM) message routing; maintains and manages terminal equipment status information.
  • session management session management
  • the AMF network element provides services for the session in the terminal device, it will provide storage resources of the control plane for the session to store the session context, for example, the session identifier, the SMF identifier associated with the session identifier, and so on.
  • SMF is mainly responsible for all control plane functions of terminal device session management, including UPF selection, control and redirection, Internet protocol (IP) address allocation and management, session QoS management, and policy and charging control obtained from PCF (policy and charging control, PCC) strategy, bearer establishment, modification and release, and QoS control, etc.
  • IP Internet protocol
  • SMF policy and charging control
  • PCC policy and charging control
  • QoS control policy and charging control
  • SMF is also used as the termination point of the SM part in the non-access stratum (NAS) message.
  • NAS non-access stratum
  • UPF as the anchor point of the protocol data unit (PDU) session connection, is responsible for the data message filtering and data transmission/forwarding of the terminal device (for example, receiving data from the DN and transmitting it to the terminal through the access network device) Device, or, through the access network device to receive data from the terminal device and send it to DN), rate control, generation of billing information, user plane QoS processing, uplink transmission authentication, transmission level verification, downlink packet buffering, and downlink data notification Trigger etc.
  • UPF can also be used as a branch point for multi-homed PDU sessions.
  • the transmission resources and scheduling functions that provide services for terminal equipment in UPF are managed and controlled by SMF.
  • the network realizes wireless physical layer functions, resource scheduling and wireless resource management, wireless access control and mobility management functions, service quality management, data compression and encryption and other functions.
  • the access network device in the embodiment of the present application refers to a wireless access network device.
  • the access network device is connected to the UPF through the user plane interface N3, and is used to transmit data of the terminal device.
  • the access network equipment establishes a control plane signaling connection with the AMF through the control plane interface N2, which is used to implement functions such as radio access bearer control.
  • Access network equipment is the access equipment that terminal equipment accesses to the mobile communication system in a wireless manner.
  • the access network device in this application may be a complete entity, or may be a form in which a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU) are separated. Multiple DUs can be centrally controlled by one CU.
  • the logical functions of CU and DU can be deployed in a single physical entity or on different physical entities.
  • the terminal device can be a wireless terminal device or a wired terminal device.
  • a wireless terminal device may be a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to a user, a handheld device with a wireless connection function, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem.
  • a certain air interface technology for example, NR technology or LTE technology
  • NR technology or LTE technology is used between the terminal equipment and the access network equipment to communicate with each other.
  • a certain air interface technology for example, NR technology or LTE technology
  • the wireless terminal device can communicate with one or more core network devices via the access network device, such as communicating with AMF, SMF, etc.
  • the terminal device can be a mobile terminal device, such as a mobile phone (or called a "cellular" phone), a smart phone, a satellite wireless device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in unmanned driving, and a wireless terminal device in remote surgery.
  • Terminal equipment, wireless terminal equipment in smart grid, wireless terminal equipment in transportation safety, wireless terminal equipment in smart city, wireless terminal equipment in smart home, wireless modem card, and computer with mobile terminal equipment (for example, it can be a laptop, portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computer built-in or vehicle-mounted mobile device), which exchange voice and/or data with the access network equipment.
  • the wireless terminal device may be a personal communication service (personal communication service, PCS) phone, mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, AR terminal device, VR terminal device, MR terminal device, XR terminal device, cordless Telephones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), machine-type communication terminal equipment and other equipment.
  • PCS personal communication service
  • the communication device mounted on the vehicle is a kind of terminal device, and the roadside unit (RSU) can also be used as a kind of terminal device.
  • the communication equipment mounted on the drone can also be regarded as a kind of terminal equipment.
  • Terminal equipment can also be called user equipment (UE), terminal, mobile terminal (mobile terminal, MT), subscriber unit (subscriber unit), subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, access point, access point Incoming terminal, user terminal, user agent, etc.
  • the network architecture of the 5G network may also include other functional network elements.
  • the network element may also be referred to as an entity or a device.
  • the terminal equipment, RAN, UPF, and DN in Figure 1 are generally called user plane network elements.
  • User data traffic can be transmitted through the PDU session established between the terminal equipment and the DN, and the transmission will pass through the two networks of RAN and UPF. Yuan.
  • the user plane is used to carry service data.
  • the other network elements in Figure 1 are called control plane network elements, which are mainly responsible for functions such as authentication and authentication, registration management, session management, mobility management, and policy control, so as to achieve reliable and stable transmission of user-level traffic.
  • the control plane is used to carry signaling messages.
  • a PDU session is a connection between a terminal device and a DN, and is used to provide PDU connection services.
  • the PDU session type can be an IP connection, an Ethernet connection, or an unstructured data connection, etc.
  • the PDU connection service supported by the core network of the 5G system refers to the service that provides PDU exchange between the terminal device and the DN determined by the data network name (DNN).
  • the terminal device can initiate the establishment of one or more PDU sessions to connect to the same DN or different DNs. For example, in Figure 2, the terminal device initiates the establishment of PDU session 1 and PDU session 2 to connect to the same DN.
  • a QoS flow is the finest QoS distinction granularity in a PDU session, and a QoS flow identity (QoS flow identity, QFI) is used to identify a QoS flow.
  • a PDU session can include multiple QoS flows, and each QoS flow can carry multiple services. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 3, a PDU session includes three QoS flows, namely QoS flow 1, QoS flow 2, and QoS flow 3. In a QoS flow, the QoS of different services is the same.
  • AR technology is a technology that ingeniously integrates virtual information with the real world. It uses multimedia, three-dimensional modeling, real-time tracking and registration, intelligent interaction, sensing and other technical means to integrate computer-generated text and images. After the simulation of virtual information such as 3D model, music, video, etc., it is applied to the real world, and the two kinds of information complement each other, thus realizing the "enhancement" of the real world.
  • VR technology is also called Lingjing technology.
  • VR technology includes computer, electronic information, and simulation technology. Its basic realization method is that a computer simulates a virtual environment to give people a sense of environmental immersion.
  • the virtual scene created by MR technology can enter real life and recognize the user. For example, through the user’s device, the user can measure the scale and orientation of the object in real life by seeing a scene in the eye. Its biggest feature lies in the virtual world and The real world can be interactive.
  • the XR technology please refer to the background technology, which will not be repeated here.
  • the method provided in the embodiments of the present application will be exemplified below by taking the method provided in the XR service as an example.
  • AR, VR, MR replace the corresponding information or architecture with the information and architecture in AR, VR, MR to understand.
  • the following XR devices can be replaced It is a VR device.
  • XR devices In XR services, XR devices (also called XR devices (XR Devices)) can communicate with XR servers through terminal devices, access network devices, UPF, and DN.
  • the XR device can be located outside the terminal device (see (a) in Figure 4, the terminal device can be connected to multiple XR devices, only one is shown in the figure), and the terminal device can be connected via wired or wireless (for example, Wifi or other wireless means) ), it can also be integrated inside the terminal device (see (b) in Figure 4, there can be multiple XR devices in the terminal device, and only one is shown in the figure), and this application is not limited.
  • the XR server can be located outside the DN and connected to the SMF through the control plane.
  • an XR device is also a type of terminal device. In order to distinguish it from a terminal device that is connected to an access network device, it is referred to as an XR device in this application.
  • the XR device can be composed of one or more of a display (or a screen, a display device), a sensor, and a speaker.
  • the XR device may be an XR helmet.
  • the communication architecture between the XR device and the XR server (hereinafter referred to as the XR architecture) can be as follows:
  • XR server In XR architecture 1, the XR server (XR Server) always transmits a 360-degree video information stream to the XR device. The XR device then selects from the received video stream according to the changes in the user's line of sight detected by the sensor. Part of it is displayed in the XR device.
  • This XR architecture always needs to transmit 360-degree video information streams in real time, so it requires a rate of about 100Mbps. Among them, Mbps refers to megabits per second.
  • the sensor in the XR device detects the user's line of sight change, and transmits the user's line of sight change information to the XR server.
  • the XR server determines the user's line of sight according to the user's line of sight change information, and puts the line of sight into The video information is streamed to the XR device.
  • the XR service simulates a sunrise scene.
  • the XR server transmits the image of the rising sun in the east, and the XR device displays the image of the rising sun in the east (see the image in Figure 7).
  • the XR server transmits the early morning image of the west, and the early morning image of the west is displayed on the XR device (see (b) in Figure 7).
  • This image transmission method that only transmits image data within the line of sight is called field of view (Fov), and requires a rate of approximately 25 Mbps.
  • XR architecture 3 the sensor in the XR device detects the user's line of sight change, and transmits the user's line of sight change information to the XR server.
  • the XR server determines the user's line of sight based on the user's line of sight change information, and determines the line of sight Whether there is an object that needs to be rendered, if so, the video information in the line of sight is streamed to the XR device after rendering. Due to the presence of rendering, the amount of data will increase significantly. Currently, rates of 100Mbps, 1Gbps, and 10Gbps may be required.
  • XR architecture 3 is also an XR architecture of Fov.
  • the image transmission mode of XR architecture 1 is based on non-perspective image transmission (non-Fov for short)
  • the image transmission mode of XR architecture 2 and XR architecture 3 is Fov
  • XR architecture 1 and XR architecture 2 do not Image rendering is required
  • XR architecture 3 requires image rendering.
  • the QoS (for example, rate) requirements required by different image processing parameters are very different Big.
  • the present application provides a communication method that selects QoS and image processing parameters through one or more of the QoS of the XR service, the image processing capability of the terminal device, and the air interface load.
  • the method includes:
  • the second communication device receives a request message, where the request message is used to request QoS of the XR service.
  • the second communication device is an XR server or a chip in the XR server.
  • the second communication device may receive the request message from the SMF, and the request message sent by the SMF may be generated by itself or received from the terminal device, which is not limited in this application.
  • XR services can be XR games, XR navigation and so on.
  • the XR device receives the data of the XR service and/or sends the data of the XR service through the terminal device.
  • the XR device can be located outside the terminal device (see (a) in Figure 4), connected to the terminal device through a wired or wireless connection, or integrated inside the terminal device (see (b) in Figure 4).
  • the second communication device sends instruction information to the first communication device, where the instruction information is used to indicate at least one QoS of the XR service (denoted as M QoS, and M is a positive integer).
  • the first communication device receives the instruction information from the second communication device.
  • the first communication device is a core network device (for example, AMF) or an access network device.
  • AMF core network device
  • the second communication device may send the M QoS of the XR service to the SMF, and the SMF sends the M QoS to the first communication device.
  • the first communication device is AMF
  • the second communication device can send M QoS of XR service to AMF via SMF.
  • the first communication device is an access network device
  • the second communication device can connect to the AMF via SMF and AMF in turn.
  • the network access device sends M QoS of the XR service.
  • a QoS may include multiple parameters, for example, including one or more of the rate, the delay budget, the packet error rate, and the maximum data amount of a data burst.
  • the indication information may indicate M QoS identifiers.
  • the second communication device may send a QoS list to the first communication device, and the QoS list includes M QoS identifiers of the XR service.
  • the first communication device determines the first QoS of the XR service according to the M QoS.
  • the first communication device can receive indication information indicating M QoS from the second communication device, and determine the first QoS of the XR service among the M QoS, and subsequently can use the first QoS to perform the XR service .
  • This application provides a method for selecting the QoS of XR services, which can solve the problem of how to select the QoS of XR services.
  • the method further includes the following step 11 and/or step 12.
  • Step 11 The second communication device obtains the image processing capability of the terminal device. Specifically, the terminal device reports the image processing capability of the terminal device to the second communication device. Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the image processing capability of the terminal device from the terminal device.
  • the first communication device obtains the image processing capability of the terminal device. Specifically, in one case, the terminal device reports the image processing capability of the terminal device to the first communication device. Correspondingly, the first communication device receives the image processing capability of the terminal device from the terminal device. In another case, the first communication device obtains the image processing capability of the terminal device from an operation management and maintenance (OAM) or other database.
  • OAM operation management and maintenance
  • the image processing capability of the terminal device includes one or more of the following: image rendering mode supported by the terminal device, image transmission mode supported by the terminal device, and image processing tendency of the terminal device.
  • the image processing tendency of the terminal device includes one or more of the following: the image rendering method that the terminal device tends to, and the image transmission method that the terminal device tends to.
  • the image processing tendency of the terminal device can be classified as the capability information of the terminal device or other information of the terminal device without limitation.
  • This application considers the capability information, but regardless of whether the information is considered to be the terminal The capability information of the device, and the function of the information is unchanged.
  • the image rendering methods include: local rendering, distributed rendering, and cloud rendering; among them, local rendering refers to the rendering method in which the terminal device performs all rendering of the image, and the distributed rendering refers to the partial rendering of the image by the terminal device. (The other part of the rendering is performed by the second communication device).
  • Cloud rendering refers to the rendering method in which the second communication device performs all the rendering of the image.
  • the terminal device and the second communication device can render at the same time (at this time, distributed rendering may also be referred to as parallel rendering), or render at different times, which is not limited in this application.
  • the data sent by the second communication device to the terminal device is the image data that has been completely rendered by the second communication device, and the amount of data is relatively large. If distributed rendering is adopted, the data sent by the second communication device to the terminal device is image data partially rendered by the second communication device. Compared with cloud rendering, the amount of data will be reduced. If local rendering is adopted, the data sent by the second communication device to the terminal device is image data that has not been rendered by the second communication device, and the amount of data is smaller than that of distributed rendering.
  • the image transmission mode includes: Fov and non-Fov.
  • Fov refers to an image transmission method that only transmits image data within the line of sight (for example, the transmission methods in the above architecture 2 and architecture 3), and non-Fov refers to both the image data within the line of sight and the image data outside the line of sight.
  • the image transmission method (for example, the transmission method in the above architecture 1).
  • the image rendering mode supported by the terminal device may include local rendering and/or distributed rendering.
  • the terminal device can indicate the supported image rendering mode by indicating whether it supports local rendering and whether it supports distributed rendering.
  • the terminal device does not support image rendering.
  • the image transmission methods supported by the terminal device include: Fov and/or non-Fov.
  • the image rendering mode preferred by the terminal device can be local rendering or distributed rendering, and the image transmission mode preferred by the terminal device can be Fov or non-Fov.
  • the image processing tendency of the terminal device can be for the same experience (for example, the same image quality, the same data transmission delay), that is, to achieve the same experience, if the terminal device supports two image rendering methods and/ Or two image transmission methods, the image rendering method and/or image transmission method that the terminal device is more inclined to.
  • the method further includes the following step 21 and/or step 22.
  • Step 21 The second communication device obtains the air interface load. Specifically, the access network device sends the air interface load to the second communication device. Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the air interface load from the access network device. The second communication device may sequentially receive the air interface load from the access network device through AMF and SMF.
  • Step 22 The first communication device obtains the air interface load, where the first communication device is an AMF. Specifically, the access network device sends the air interface load to the AMF. Correspondingly, the AMF receives the air interface load from the access network equipment.
  • the second communication device obtains the image processing capability of the terminal device and obtains the air interface load.
  • step 902 the above method further includes:
  • Step 31 The second communication device determines M QoS according to the image processing capability of the terminal device and the air interface load.
  • step 31 may include: the second communication device determines M QoS according to the image processing capability of the terminal device, the air interface load, and the display capability of the XR device. Wherein, the display capability of the XR device in the second communication device can be obtained from the XR device.
  • the XR device display capability refers to the capabilities related to the display of the XR device, such as the resolution, the number of bits occupied by chromaticity information, the maximum horizontal angle of the image that can be displayed by the XR device, and the maximum vertical angle of the image that can be displayed by the XR device. If the XR device is located outside the terminal device, the display capability of the XR device does not exceed the display capability of the terminal device. If the XR device is located inside the terminal device, the display capability of the XR device is the same as the display capability of the terminal device.
  • the air interface load can be the data rate supported by the cell, etc.
  • the air interface load information in the second communication device may be obtained from the AMF or the access network equipment.
  • the AMF or the access network device may periodically report the air interface load information to the second communication device, or the AMF or the access network device may send the session request together with the air interface load information to the second communication device, or the second communication device After receiving the session request, the request is sent to the AMF or the access network device, and the AMF or the access network device reports the air interface load information to the second communication device based on the request.
  • the image processing capability of the terminal device can all be used to filter QoS.
  • the second communication device may select a QoS that supports the image processing capability of the terminal device. For example, the second communication device may determine whether the XR device and the second communication device are based on the image processing capability of the terminal device. To determine the QoS that meets the rate requirement as M QoS. For example, if the terminal device supports distributed rendering and non-Fov and requires a rate of approximately 1 Gbps, the second communication device determines that the QoS with a rate greater than 1 Gbps is M QoS.
  • the second communication device can select QoS that does not cause too much burden on the air interface transmission as M QoS. For example, if the air interface load is large, the second communication device selects a QoS with a lower rate as M QoS. Not so, in order to ensure transmission efficiency, the second communication device may select a QoS with a higher rate as M QoS.
  • the second communication device may select the QoS within the display capability of the XR device as M QoS. For example, the second communication device may determine the XR device and the second communication device according to the resolution or other parameters of the XR device The maximum rate between the two, select the QoS less than this rate as M QoS.
  • the above method further includes:
  • Step 41 The second communication device determines M image processing parameters corresponding to the QoS according to the image processing capability of the terminal device.
  • an image processing parameter corresponding to a QoS includes one or more of the following: image rendering mode and image transmission mode.
  • the image rendering mode corresponding to each QoS includes one or more of the following: local rendering, distributed rendering, and cloud rendering.
  • the image transmission mode corresponding to each QoS includes one or more of the following: Fov, non-Fov.
  • step 41 the QoS determined by the second communication device needs to be sufficient to support the XR device and the second communication device to use the image rendering mode and/or image transmission mode corresponding to the QoS for image data processing.
  • the terminal device supports distributed rendering and non-Fov
  • a rate of about 1Gbps is required.
  • the image rendering method corresponding to the QoS with a rate greater than 1Gbps in the filtered QoS is distributed rendering and supported image transmission methods For non-Fov.
  • the terminal device supports local rendering and distributed rendering, and also supports Fov and non-Fov
  • local rendering and Fov require a rate of about 25Mbps
  • distributed rendering and non-Fov require a rate of about 1Gbps.
  • the image rendering mode corresponding to the QoS with a rate greater than 1Gbps in the filtered QoS is distributed rendering and/or local rendering, and the corresponding image transmission mode is Fov and/or non-Fov, which can be considered as the filtered image.
  • the image rendering mode corresponding to the QoS whose rate is greater than 25Mbps and less than or equal to 1Gbps is local rendering, and the corresponding image transmission mode is Fov.
  • Table 1 exemplarily shows the image rendering mode and image transmission mode corresponding to the 5 QoS.
  • QoS Image rendering method Image transmission method QoS1 Local rendering, distributed rendering Non-Fov, Fov QoS2 Local rendering Non-Fov QoS3 Distributed rendering Non-Fov, Fov QoS4 Local rendering Fov QoS5 without Non-Fov
  • the image processing parameters corresponding to the M QoS may be determined by the second communication device according to the image processing capability of the terminal device, or may also be pre-stored in the second communication device.
  • the indication information is also used to indicate the image processing parameters corresponding to the M QoS.
  • the indication information can directly indicate the image processing parameters corresponding to the M QoS, or it can indicate the image processing parameters corresponding to the M QoS by indicating the identifier of the M QoS.
  • the identifier of the M QoS corresponds to the M QoS.
  • the correspondence between the image processing parameters may be stored in the first communication device, and the first communication device determines M QoS and image processing parameters corresponding to the M QoS according to the identifiers of the M QoS.
  • step 903 can be implemented in the following manner one or two.
  • Manner 1 The first communication device selects the QoS with the highest priority among the M QoS as the first QoS.
  • the first communication device selects one QoS among M QoS as the first QoS according to other capabilities of the terminal device (for example, rendering capabilities, node capabilities).
  • the QoS corresponding to the rendering method of cloud rendering is selected from the M QoS as the first QoS. If the terminal device tends to save power, select the corresponding rendering mode of cloud rendering and/or distributed rendering QoS among the M QoS as the first QoS. For example, based on the example shown in Table 1 above, if the terminal device does not have rendering capabilities, QoS5 can only be selected as the first QoS.
  • the second communication device has acquired the image processing capability of the terminal device.
  • step 902 the above method further includes:
  • Step 51 The second communication device determines M QoS according to the image processing capability of the terminal device.
  • step 51 may include: the second communication device determines M QoS according to the image processing capability of the terminal device and the display capability of the XR device. Wherein, the display capability of the XR device in the second communication device can be obtained from the XR device.
  • step 51 For the specific implementation of step 51, please refer to the above step 31, which will not be repeated here.
  • the above method further includes:
  • Step 61 The second communication device determines M image processing parameters corresponding to the QoS according to the image processing capability of the terminal device.
  • step 61 For the specific implementation of step 61, refer to the above step 41, which will not be repeated.
  • the indication information is also used to indicate the image processing parameters corresponding to the M QoS.
  • the descriptions related to this optional method refer to the above case 1, which will not be repeated.
  • step 903 can be implemented in the foregoing manner 1 or manner 2, and may also be implemented in the following manner 3 or manner 4.
  • Manner 3 The first communication device selects one QoS among M QoS as the first QoS according to the air interface load.
  • the first communication device can select a QoS that does not cause too much burden on air interface transmission as the first QoS. For example, if the air interface load is large, the first communication device selects a QoS with a lower rate as the first QoS. If the air interface load is not heavy, in order to ensure transmission efficiency, the first communication device may select a QoS with a higher rate as the first QoS. Exemplarily, if the first communication device determines that the bandwidth of the current cell can transmit 100 Mbps data, there are already two users transmitting data in the current cell, where the guaranteed rate of user A is 20 Mbps and the guaranteed rate of user B is 50 Mbps.
  • the first communication device calculates that if the third user wants to transmit data, its guaranteed rate must be less than 30 Mbps. If the indication information indicates 2 types of QoS, namely QoS1 and QoS2, the rate of QoS1 is 50Mbps, and the rate of QoS2 is 20Mbps. If the first communication device selects QoS1, the guaranteed rate of 3 users exceeds the capacity of the cell, so , The first communication device can only choose QoS2.
  • the first communication device can also determine the first QoS in combination with the second and third modes, and the corresponding selection rules can be combined, and details are not described again.
  • the third method by combining the air interface load and selecting the first QoS according to the air interface load, more users can be supported and user experience can be improved.
  • Case 3 The second communication device has not acquired the image processing capability of the terminal device, nor has it acquired the air interface load.
  • the first communication apparatus may obtain at least one of the image processing capability of the terminal device, the air interface load, and other capabilities (for example, rendering capability, node capability) of the terminal device.
  • M QoS may be all QoS in the second communication device.
  • step 903 can be implemented in any one of the above manner 1 to manner 3 or the following manner 4.
  • the first communication device determines the first QoS among the M QoS according to the image processing capability of the terminal device.
  • the first communication device can determine M'QoS among M QoS according to the image processing capability of the terminal device, and then select one QoS among M'QoS as the first QoS, and M'is less than or equal to Positive integer of M.
  • the process of "determining M'QoS in M QoS” is similar to the process of "the second communication device determines M QoS according to the image processing capability of the terminal device" in the above case 1, and will not be repeated here.
  • the first communication device may also combine any two of the foregoing manners 2 to 4, or, manners 2 to 4, to determine the first QoS, and the corresponding selection rules may be combined. For example, if method 4 is combined with other methods, after M'QoS is determined by method 4, other methods can be used to determine the first QoS among M'QoS. For example, if method 4 is combined with method 3, After M'QoS, the first communication device may determine the first QoS among M'QoS according to the air interface load.
  • the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS need to be used between the second communication device and the terminal device to process image data, which can be specifically implemented in any of the following manners 1 to 3.
  • the first communication device sends the first QoS to the second communication device.
  • the second communication device receives the first QoS from the first communication device, determines the image processing parameter corresponding to the first QoS according to the first QoS, and uses one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS to process the image data, And send one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device receives one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS, it uses one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS to process the image data.
  • the second communication device and the terminal device may exchange image processing parameters through the application layer.
  • the first communication device and the terminal device use distributed rendering and Fov to process image data.
  • the first communication device sends one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS to the second communication device.
  • the second communication device receives one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS from the first communication device, uses one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS to process the image data, and sends it to the terminal The device sends one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS.
  • the terminal device receives one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS, it uses one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS to process the image data.
  • the first communication device sends one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS to the second communication device and the terminal device.
  • the second communication device and the terminal device receive one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS from the first communication device, and use one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS to process the image data .
  • the terminal device may use one or more processed image data in the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS to be sent to XR equipment.
  • the image processing parameters may also be changed.
  • the corresponding process in scenario 1 will be exemplified below.
  • the QoS of the XR service may also change.
  • the corresponding process in scenario 2 is exemplified below.
  • the first communication device may update the QoS of the XR service when the air interface load changes.
  • the method further includes the following method 1, method 2, or method 3.
  • the second QoS may be one of the foregoing M QoS, or other QoS, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first communication device sends the second QoS of the XR service to the second communication device.
  • the second communication device receives the second QoS from the first communication device; the second communication device determines whether to update the image processing according to the second QoS. Parameter; if so, the second communication device determines the image processing parameter corresponding to the second QoS according to the second QoS; the second communication device uses one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS to process image data.
  • the second communication device may determine not to update the image processing parameter when the image processing parameter corresponding to the second QoS is the same as the image processing parameter corresponding to the first QoS, otherwise, determine to update the image processing parameter.
  • method 1 it further includes: the second communication device sends one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device receives one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS from the second communication device, and uses one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS to process the image data.
  • Method 2 The first communication device sends one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS of the XR service to the second communication device.
  • the second communication device receives one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the first QoS of the XR service from the first communication device, and determines whether to update the image according to one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS Processing parameters; if yes, use one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS to process the image data.
  • the second communication device may determine not to update the image processing parameter when the current image processing parameter is the same as the image processing parameter received from the first communication device, otherwise, determine to update the image processing parameter.
  • method 2 it further includes: the second communication device sends one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device receives one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS from the second communication device, and uses one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS to process the image data.
  • Method 3 The first communication device sends one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS to the second communication device and the terminal device.
  • the second communication device and the terminal device receive one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS from the first communication device, and use one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS to process the image data.
  • the QoS of the XR service can also be updated when the terminal device switches the access network device.
  • the terminal accesses the network device from the source (the first communication device is the access network device)
  • the source access network device can be the access network device
  • it can be switched to the target access network device
  • the second QoS can be determined by the target access network device
  • the actions performed by the first communication device in Method 1 to Method 3 can be performed by The target access network device executes.
  • the above method also includes:
  • Step 51 The second communication device updates the image processing parameters. Specifically, the second communication device updates the image rendering mode and/or the image transmission mode.
  • Step 52 The second communication device sends the updated image processing parameters to the first communication device and the terminal device.
  • the first communication device and the terminal device obtain the updated image processing parameters from the second communication device.
  • Step 53 The first communication device updates the QoS of the XR service according to the updated image processing parameters.
  • Step 54 The terminal device uses the updated image processing parameters to process the image data.
  • the first communication device may select the QoS corresponding to the updated image processing parameter as the QoS of the updated XR service.
  • the AMF can inform the access network device of the determined QoS, and the access network device determines the air interface parameters according to the determined QoS (for example, the first QoS or the second QoS), for example, time Delay, packet error rate, etc., and perform air interface configuration (for example, configure air interface DRB parameters for the terminal device).
  • the determined QoS for example, the first QoS or the second QoS
  • the access network device determines the air interface parameters according to the determined QoS (for example, the first QoS or the second QoS), for example, time Delay, packet error rate, etc., and perform air interface configuration (for example, configure air interface DRB parameters for the terminal device).
  • the UPF after the first communication device determines the QoS (for example, the first QoS or the second QoS), the UPF sends the data packet to the access network device according to the rate in the determined QoS.
  • the QoS for example, the first QoS or the second QoS
  • Embodiment 1 takes the first communication device as the AMF and the second communication device as the XR server as an example to illustrate an implementation process of determining the QoS of the XR service and the image processing parameters adopted by the terminal equipment and the XR server in the above method. . See Figure 10, including:
  • the terminal device reports the image processing capability of the terminal device to the AMF.
  • the relevant description about the image processing capability of the terminal device can be referred to the above, and will not be repeated.
  • Step 1001 may be executed before step 1005, and the execution order of any one of steps 1002 to 1004 is in no particular order.
  • the XR device sends a session request (session request) to the SMF.
  • the session request sent by the XR device to the SMF can be transmitted to the SMF after the terminal device, the access network device, and the AMF.
  • the session request is used to request the establishment of a session.
  • the session request may carry the identifier of the XR service.
  • the SMF can determine the requested XR service according to the XR service identifier.
  • the SMF obtains M QoS of the XR service from the XR server.
  • the SMF sends M QoS of the XR service to the AMF.
  • the AMF receives M QoS of the XR service from the SMF.
  • the AMF determines the first QoS among the M QoS according to the image processing capability of the terminal device.
  • step 1005 For the specific implementation of step 1005, refer to the fourth mode above, and details are not described herein again.
  • the AMF may also determine the first QoS among the M QoS according to the image processing capability of the terminal device and the air interface load.
  • the air interface load information in the AMF can be obtained from the access network equipment.
  • the AMF sends the first QoS to the XR server.
  • the XR server receives the first QoS from the AMF.
  • AMF can communicate with XR server through SMF.
  • the XR server determines the image rendering mode and/or image transmission mode to be adopted according to the first QoS, and processes the image data according to the determined image rendering mode and/or image transmission mode.
  • the image rendering mode and/or image transmission mode determined by the XR server is the image rendering mode and/or image transmission mode corresponding to the first QoS.
  • the XR server Before processing the image data according to the determined image rendering mode and/or image transmission mode, the XR server may prepare a corresponding image data processing module according to the determined image rendering mode and/or image transmission mode for subsequent image data processing.
  • the XR server sends the determined image rendering mode and/or image transmission mode to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device receives the determined image rendering mode and/or image transmission mode from the XR server.
  • the XR server and the terminal device can communicate with the access network device through SMF, AMF.
  • the terminal device processes the image data according to the image rendering mode and/or image transmission mode received from the XR server.
  • the terminal device may prepare a corresponding image data processing module according to the image rendering mode and/or image transmission mode received from the XR server for subsequent image data processing.
  • the AMF sends the first QoS to the access network device.
  • the access network device determines air interface parameters according to the first QoS.
  • the access network device sends air interface parameters to the terminal device.
  • Embodiment 2 takes the first communication device as the access network device and the second communication device as the XR server as an example, and performs an implementation process of determining the QoS of the XR service and the image processing parameters adopted by the terminal device and the XR server in the above method. Exemplary description. See Figure 11, including:
  • the terminal device reports the image processing capability of the terminal device to the access network device.
  • the relevant description about the image processing capability of the terminal device can be referred to the above, and will not be repeated.
  • Step 1101 can be executed before step 1105, and the execution order of any one of steps 1102 to 1104 is in no particular order.
  • step 1102 is the same as step 1002 above.
  • the SMF sends M QoS of the XR service to the access network device.
  • the access network device receives M QoS of the XR service from the SMF.
  • the SMF can send M QoS to the access network device through the AMF.
  • the access network device determines the first QoS among the M QoS according to the image processing capability of the terminal device.
  • step 1105 For the specific implementation of step 1105, refer to the fourth manner above, and details are not described herein again.
  • the access network device may also determine the first QoS among the M QoS according to the image processing capability of the terminal device and the air interface load.
  • the access network device sends the first QoS to the XR server.
  • the XR server receives the first QoS from the access network device.
  • the access network device can communicate with the XR server through AMF and SMF in sequence.
  • the access network device determines air interface parameters according to the first QoS.
  • the access network device sends air interface parameters to the terminal device.
  • Embodiment 3 illustrates the QoS update procedure and the image processing parameter update procedure initiated by the access network device when the air interface load changes. See Figure 12, including:
  • the access network device finds that the air interface load has changed, it sends a QoS change request to the XR server.
  • the access network device can transmit the QoS change request to the XR server through AMF and SMF in turn.
  • the QoS change request may include the second QoS determined by the access network device.
  • the second QoS may be one of the foregoing M QoS, or may be a QoS generated by the access network device itself, which is not limited in this application.
  • the XR server determines whether to update the image processing parameters according to the second QoS.
  • the XR server determines to update the image processing parameters according to the second QoS as an example for drawing.
  • the XR server determines the image processing parameter corresponding to the second QoS according to the second QoS, and uses one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS to process the image data.
  • one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS may be an image rendering mode and/or an image transmission mode corresponding to the second QoS.
  • the XR server sends one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device receives one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS from the XR server.
  • the terminal device uses one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS to process the image data.
  • the terminal device may send the processed image data to the XR device using one or more of the image processing parameters corresponding to the second QoS.
  • Embodiment 4 when the terminal device needs to switch the access network device, the QoS update procedure and the image processing parameter update procedure are exemplified. See Figure 13, including:
  • the source access network device determines that the terminal device is to be handed over, and sends a handover request to the target access network device.
  • the handover request may include: M QoS, the first QoS.
  • the target access network device determines the second QoS of the XR service.
  • the target access network device can select the second QoS according to its own air interface load.
  • the second QoS can be one of the above-mentioned M QoS or other QoS, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first QoS and the second QoS can be the same QoS or different QoS.
  • the target access network device determines air interface parameters according to the second QoS.
  • the target access network device sends the air interface parameters to the terminal device through the source access network device.
  • the target access network device can transparently transmit (that is, transparent transmission) air interface parameters to the terminal device through the source access network device, that is, after the target access network device sends the air interface parameters to the source access network device, the source access network device.
  • the network-connected device does not parse the air interface parameters, but directly sends them to the terminal device.
  • the target access network device sends the second QoS to the XR server.
  • the actions performed by the access network device can be executed by the CU.
  • each network element for example, the first communication device and the second communication device, includes at least one of a hardware structure and a software module corresponding to each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software-driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered as going beyond the scope of this application.
  • the embodiments of the present application can divide the functional units of the first communication device and the second communication device according to the foregoing method examples.
  • each functional unit can be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one.
  • Processing unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit. It should be noted that the division of units in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.
  • FIG. 14 shows a possible structural diagram of the communication device (denoted as the communication device 140) involved in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the communication device 140 includes a processing unit 1401 and a communication unit 1402. , May also include a storage unit 1403.
  • the schematic structural diagram shown in FIG. 14 may be used to illustrate the structures of the first communication device and the second communication device involved in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the processing unit 1401 is used to control and manage the actions of the first communication device, for example, the processing unit 1401 is used to execute 901 and 902 in Figure 9, 1001, 1002, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1008, and 1010 in Figure 10 (at this time, the first communication device is AMF), and 1101, 1102, 1104, 1105, 1108 in Figure 11 , 1110, 1111 (at this time, the first communication device is an access network device), 1201 and 1204 in FIG. 12 (at this time, the first communication device is an access network device or AMF), and/or the embodiment of the present application Actions performed by the first communication device in the other processes described in.
  • the processing unit 1401 may communicate with other network entities through the communication unit 1402, for example, communicate with the second communication device shown in FIG. 9.
  • the storage unit 1403 is used to store the program code and data of the first communication device.
  • the communication device 140 may be a device (for example, an AMF or an access network device), or it may be in the device. Chip.
  • the processing unit 1401 is used to control and manage the actions of the second communication device, for example, the processing unit 1401 is used to execute 902 and 903 in Figure 9, 1003, 1006, 1007, and 1008 in Figure 10, 1103, 1106, 1107, and 1108 in Figure 11, 1201 to 1204 in Figure 12, 1305 to 1308 in Figure 13, and/ Or the actions performed by the second communication device in other processes described in the embodiments of this application.
  • the processing unit 1401 may communicate with other network entities through the communication unit 1402, for example, communicate with the first communication device shown in FIG. 9.
  • the storage unit 1403 is used to store the program code and data of the second communication device.
  • the communication device 140 may be a device (for example, an XR server), or may be a chip in the device.
  • the processing unit 1401 may be a processor or a controller, and the communication unit 1402 may be a communication interface, a transceiver, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, and the like.
  • the communication interface is a general term and may include one or more interfaces.
  • the storage unit 1403 may be a memory.
  • the processing unit 1401 may be a processor or a controller, and the communication unit 1402 may be an input interface and/or an output interface, a pin or a circuit, or the like.
  • the storage unit 1403 can be a storage unit in the chip (for example, a register, a cache, etc.), or a storage unit (for example, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory) located outside the chip in the device. Memory (random access memory, RAM), etc.).
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • the communication unit may also be referred to as a transceiver unit.
  • the antenna and control circuit with the transceiver function in the communication device 140 can be regarded as the communication unit 1402 of the communication device 140, and the processor with processing function can be regarded as the processing unit 1401 of the communication device 140.
  • the device for implementing the receiving function in the communication unit 1402 may be regarded as a receiving unit, which is used to perform the receiving steps in the embodiment of the present application, and the receiving unit may be a receiver, a receiver, a receiving circuit, and the like.
  • the device used for implementing the sending function in the communication unit 1402 can be regarded as a sending unit, which is used to perform the sending steps in the embodiment of the present application, and the sending unit can be a sender, a sender, a sending circuit, and the like.
  • the integrated unit in FIG. 14 is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of software products, and the computer software products are stored in a storage
  • the medium includes several instructions to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • Storage media for storing computer software products include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.
  • the unit in FIG. 14 may also be referred to as a module, for example, the processing unit may be referred to as a processing module.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device.
  • the communication device includes a processor 1501, and optionally, a memory 1502 connected to the processor 1501.
  • the processor 1501 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more programs for controlling the execution of the program of this application. integrated circuit.
  • the processor 1501 may also include multiple CPUs, and the processor 1501 may be a single-CPU (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor.
  • the processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, or processing cores for processing data (for example, computer program instructions).
  • the memory 1502 may be ROM or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, RAM, or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, or may be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory).
  • read-only memory EEPROM
  • compact disc read-only memory, CD-ROM
  • optical disc storage including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.
  • magnetic disks A storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose any limitation on this.
  • the memory 1502 may exist independently, or may be integrated with the processor 1501. Wherein, the memory 1502 may contain computer program code.
  • the processor 1501 is configured to execute the computer program code stored in the memory 1502, so as to implement the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device further includes a transceiver 1503.
  • the processor 1501, the memory 1502, and the transceiver 1503 are connected by a bus.
  • the transceiver 1503 is used to communicate with other devices or a communication network.
  • the transceiver 1503 may include a transmitter and a receiver.
  • the device used for implementing the receiving function in the transceiver 1503 can be regarded as a receiver, and the receiver is used to perform the receiving steps in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the device used in the transceiver 1503 to realize the sending function can be regarded as a transmitter, and the transmitter is used to perform the sending steps in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 may be used to illustrate the structures of the first communication device and the second communication device involved in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the processor 1501 is used to control and manage the actions of the first communication device.
  • the processor 1501 is used to support
  • the first communication device executes 901 and 902 in Fig. 9, 1001, 1002, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1008, and 1010 in Fig. 10 (at this time, the first communication device is AMF), and 1101, 1102 in Fig.
  • the processor 1501 may communicate with other network entities through the transceiver 1503, for example, communicate with the second communication device shown in FIG. 9.
  • the memory 1502 is used to store the program code and data of the first communication device.
  • the processor 1501 is used to control and manage the actions of the second communication device.
  • the processor 1501 is used to support The second communication device executes 902 and 903 in Figure 9, 1003, 1006, 1007 and 1008 in Figure 10, 1103, 1106, 1107 and 1108 in Figure 11, 1201 to 1204 in Figure 12, and 1305 in Figure 13 To 1308, and/or actions performed by the second communication device in other processes described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 1501 may communicate with other network entities through the transceiver 1503, for example, communicate with the first communication device shown in FIG. 9.
  • the memory 1502 is used to store the program code and data of the second communication device.
  • the processor 1501 includes a logic circuit and at least one of an input interface and an output interface. Among them, the output interface is used to execute the sending action in the corresponding method, and the input interface is used to execute the receiving action in the corresponding method.
  • FIG. 16 The schematic structural diagram shown in FIG. 16 may be used to illustrate the structures of the first communication device and the second communication device involved in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the processor 1501 is used to control and manage the actions of the first communication device.
  • the processor 1501 is used to support
  • the first communication device executes 901 and 902 in Fig. 9, 1001, 1002, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1008, and 1010 in Fig. 10 (at this time, the first communication device is AMF), and 1101, 1102 in Fig.
  • the processor 1501 may communicate with other network entities through at least one of the input interface and the output interface, for example, communicate with the second communication device shown in FIG. 9.
  • the memory 1502 is used to store the program code and data of the first communication device.
  • the processor 1501 is used to control and manage the actions of the second communication device.
  • the processor 1501 is used to support The second communication device executes 902 and 903 in Figure 9, 1003, 1006, 1007 and 1008 in Figure 10, 1103, 1106, 1107 and 1108 in Figure 11, 1201 to 1204 in Figure 12, and 1305 in Figure 13 To 1308, and/or actions performed by the second communication device in other processes described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 1501 may communicate with other network entities through at least one of the input interface and the output interface, for example, communicate with the first communication device shown in FIG. 9.
  • the memory 1502 is used to store the program code and data of the second communication device.
  • each step in the method provided in this embodiment can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute any of the above-mentioned methods.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product containing instructions, which when running on a computer, causes the computer to execute any of the above-mentioned methods.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, including: a processor and an interface, the processor is coupled with the memory through the interface, and when the processor executes a computer program or a computer execution instruction in the memory, any one of the above methods is executed.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, including: a first communication device and a second communication device.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • a software program it can be implemented in the form of a computer program product in whole or in part.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer program instructions When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part.
  • the computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • Computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.
  • computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center through a cable (such as Coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) transmission to another website site, computer, server or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or may include one or more data storage devices such as a server or a data center that can be integrated with the medium.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (SSD)).

Abstract

本申请提供了一种通信方法及装置，涉及通信技术领域。在该方法中，第二通信装置接收用于请求XR业务的QoS的请求消息，根据请求消息向第一通信装置发送用于指示XR业务的至少一个QoS的指示信息，第一通信装置接收来自第二通信装置的指示信息，根据指示信息指示的至少一个QoS确定XR业务的第一QoS，后续可以采用第一QoS进行XR业务，可以解决XR业务的QoS如何进行选择的问题。

Description

通信方法及装置
本申请要求于2020年05月28日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202010470358.6、申请名称为“通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
扩展现实(extended reality，XR)是指通过计算机技术和可穿戴设备产生的一个真实与虚拟组合的、可人机交互的环境。XR是在增强现实(augmented reality，AR)，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)和混合现实(mixed reality，MR)基础上提出的。换句话说，为了避免概念混淆，XR其实是一个总称，包括了AR，VR和MR。XR业务的目的是利用高速网络，加上360度影像等技术，达到交互式的沉浸体验效果。
目前，关于XR的研究较少，针对XR业务，如何选择服务质量(quality of service，QoS)是一个亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法及装置，用于解决选择XR业务的QoS的问题。
为达到上述目的，本申请实施例提供如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供了一种通信方法，该方法适用于第一通信装置，第一通信装置为核心网设备或接入网设备，该方法包括：第一通信装置接收来自第二通信装置的用于指示XR业务的至少一个QoS的指示信息，根据至少一个QoS确定XR业务的第一QoS。其中，XR设备通过终端设备接收XR业务的数据和/或发送XR业务的数据，第二通信装置为XR服务器或XR服务器中的芯片。第一方面提供的方法，第一通信装置可以从第二通信装置接收指示至少一个QoS的指示信息，并在至少一个QoS中确定XR业务的第一QoS，后续可以采用第一QoS进行XR业务，从而解决XR业务的QoS如何进行选择的问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中，指示信息还用于指示至少一个QoS对应的图像处理参数，图像处理参数包括以下中的一个或多个：图像渲染方式，图像传输方式。该种可能的实现方式，可以使得第一通信装置确定至少一个QoS对应的图像处理参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：第一通信装置获取终端设备的图像处理能力；其中，图像处理能力包括以下中的一个或多个：终端设备支持的图像渲染方式，终端设备支持的图像传输方式，终端设备的图像处理倾向，其中，终端设备的图像处理倾向包括以下中的一个或多个：终端设备倾向的图像渲染方式，终端设备倾向的图像传输方式；第一通信装置根据至少一个QoS确定XR业务的第一QoS，包括：第一通信装置根据至少一个QoS和图像处理能力确定第一QoS。该种可能的实现方式，提供了一种确定第一QoS的方法。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一通信装置获取终端设备的图像处理能力，包括：第一通信装置从终端设备接收图像处理能力。该种可能的实现方式，提供了一种第一通信装置获取终端设备的图像处理能力的方法。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若图像处理能力不包括终端设备支持的图像渲染方式，终端设备不支持图像渲染。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：第一通信装置向第二通信装置发送第一QoS。该种可能的实现方式，第一通信装置通过向第二通信装置发送第一QoS，以便第二通信装置确定与终端设备进行图像数据处理时采用的图像处理参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：在XR业务的QoS从第一QoS变为第二QoS时，第一通信装置向第二通信装置发送XR业务的第二QoS。该种可能的实现方式，在XR业务的QoS发生变化时，第一通信装置通过向第二通信装置发送第二QoS，以便第二通信装置更新与终端设备进行图像数据处理时采用的图像处理参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：第一通信装置从第二通信装置获取更新后的图像处理参数；第一通信装置根据更新后的图像处理参数更新XR业务的QoS，图像处理参数包括以下中的一个或多个：图像渲染方式，图像传输方式。该种可能的实现方式，在第二通信装置与终端设备进行图像数据处理时采用的图像处理参数发生变化时，第一通信装置通过从第二通信装置接收更新后的图像处理参数，从而更新XR业务的QoS。
在一种可能的实现方式中，图像渲染方式包括：本地渲染，分布式渲染，云渲染；其中，本地渲染是指终端设备进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式，分布式渲染是指终端设备进行图像的部分渲染的渲染方式，云渲染是指第二通信装置进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，图像传输方式包括：基于视角的图像传输，基于非视角的图像传输。
第二方面，提供了一种通信方法，该方法适用于第二通信装置，第二通信装置为XR服务器或XR服务器中的芯片，该方法包括：第二通信装置接收用于请求XR业务的QoS的请求消息，并向第一通信装置发送用于指示XR业务的至少一个QoS的指示信息。其中，XR设备通过终端设备接收XR业务的数据和/或发送XR业务的数据，第一通信装置为核心网设备或接入网设备。第二方面提供的方法，第二通信装置可以向第一通信装置指示至少一个QoS，以便第一通信装置在至少一个QoS中确定XR业务的第一QoS，后续可以采用第一QoS进行XR业务，从而解决XR业务的QoS如何进行选择的问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：第二通信装置从终端设备接收终端设备的图像处理能力；其中，图像处理能力包括以下中的一个或多个：终端设备支持的图像渲染方式，终端设备支持的图像传输方式，终端设备的图像处理倾向，其中，终端设备的图像处理倾向包括以下中的一个或多个：终端设备倾向的图像渲染方式，终端设备倾向的图像传输方式；第二通信装置根据图像处理能力确定XR业务的至少一个QoS和至少一个QoS对应的图像处理参数，图像处理参数包括以下中的一个或多个：图像渲染方式，图像传输方式。该种可能的实现方式，提供了一种第二通信装置确定至少一个QoS和至少一个QoS对应的图像处理参数的方法。
在一种可能的实现方式中，指示信息还用于指示至少一个QoS对应的图像处理参数。该种可能的实现方式，可以使得第一通信装置确定至少一个QoS对应的图像处理参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若图像处理能力不包括终端设备支持的图像渲染方式，终端设备不支持图像渲染。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：第二通信装置从第一通信装置接收为XR 业务确定的第一QoS；第二通信装置根据第一QoS确定第一QoS对应的图像处理参数；第二通信装置采用第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据。该种可能的实现方式，第一通信装置向第二通信装置发送第一QoS，第二通信装置根据第一QoS可以确定与终端设备进行图像数据处理时采用的图像处理参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：第二通信装置向终端设备发送第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个。该种可能的实现方式，第二通信装置通过向终端设备发送第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个，从而使得终端设备获取进行图像数据处理时采用的图像处理参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在XR业务的QoS从第一QoS变为第二QoS时，该方法还包括：第二通信装置从第一通信装置接收为XR业务确定的第二QoS；第二通信装置根据第二QoS确定是否更新图像处理参数；若是，第二通信装置根据第二QoS确定第二QoS对应的图像处理参数；第二通信装置采用第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据。该种可能的实现方式，在XR业务的QoS发生变化时，第一通信装置向第二通信装置发送第二QoS，第二通信装置根据第二QoS可以更新与终端设备进行图像数据处理时采用的图像处理参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：第二通信装置向终端设备发送第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：第二通信装置更新使用的图像处理参数；第二通信装置向第一通信装置和终端设备发送更新后的图像处理参数。该种可能的实现方式，在第二通信装置与终端设备进行图像数据处理时采用的图像处理参数发生变化时，第二通信装置可以向第一通信装置发送更新后的图像处理参数，以便第一通信装置更新XR业务的QoS。
在一种可能的实现方式中，图像渲染方式包括：本地渲染，分布式渲染，云渲染；其中，本地渲染是指终端设备进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式，分布式渲染是指终端设备进行图像的部分渲染的渲染方式，云渲染是指第二通信装置进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，图像传输方式包括：基于视角的图像传输，基于非视角的图像传输。
第三方面，提供了一种通信方法，包括：终端设备向第二通信装置上报所述终端设备的图像处理能力，所述第二通信装置为XR服务器或XR服务器中的芯片，XR设备通过所述终端设备接收XR业务的数据和/或发送所述XR业务的数据；其中，所述图像处理能力包括以下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备支持的图像渲染方式，所述终端设备支持的图像传输方式，所述终端设备的图像处理倾向，所述终端设备的图像处理倾向包括以下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备倾向的图像渲染方式，所述终端设备倾向的图像传输方式；所述终端设备接收来自于所述第二通信装置的图像处理参数，并根据接收到的图像处理参数处理图像数据，所述图像处理参数包括以下中的一个或多个：图像渲染方式，图像传输方式。第三方面提供的方法，提供了一种第二通信装置获取终端设备的图像处理能力的方法。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述图像渲染方式包括：本地渲染，分布式渲染，云渲染；其中，所述本地渲染是指所述通信装置进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式，所述分布式渲染是指所述通信装置进行图像的部分渲染的渲染方式，所述云渲染是指所述第二通信装置进 行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述图像传输方式包括：基于视角的图像传输，基于非视角的图像传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述图像处理能力不包括所述通信装置支持的图像渲染方式，所述通信装置不支持图像渲染。
第四方面，提供了一种通信方法，包括：终端设备向第一通信装置上报所述终端设备的图像处理能力，所述第一通信装置为核心网设备或接入网设备，XR设备通过所述终端设备接收XR业务的数据和/或发送所述XR业务的数据；其中，所述图像处理能力包括以下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备支持的图像渲染方式，所述终端设备支持的图像传输方式，所述终端设备的图像处理倾向，所述终端设备的图像处理倾向包括以下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备倾向的图像渲染方式，所述终端设备倾向的图像传输方式。第四方面提供的方法，提供了一种第一通信装置获取终端设备的图像处理能力的方法。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述图像渲染方式包括：本地渲染，分布式渲染，云渲染；其中，所述本地渲染是指所述通信装置进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式，所述分布式渲染是指所述通信装置进行图像的部分渲染的渲染方式，所述云渲染是指所述第二通信装置进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述图像传输方式包括：基于视角的图像传输，基于非视角的图像传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述图像处理能力不包括所述通信装置支持的图像渲染方式，所述通信装置不支持图像渲染。
第五方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括一个或多个功能单元，该一个或多个功能单元用于执行上述第一方面提供的方法。示例性的，该通信装置包括：通信单元和处理单元；所述通信单元，用于接收来自第二通信装置的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示XR业务的至少一个QoS，XR设备通过终端设备接收所述XR业务的数据和/或发送所述XR业务的数据，所述第二通信装置为XR服务器或XR服务器中的芯片；所述处理单元，用于根据所述至少一个QoS确定所述XR业务的第一QoS。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述指示信息还用于指示所述至少一个QoS对应的图像处理参数，所述图像处理参数包括以下中的一个或多个：图像渲染方式，图像传输方式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元，还用于获取所述终端设备的图像处理能力；其中，所述图像处理能力包括以下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备支持的图像渲染方式，所述终端设备支持的图像传输方式，所述终端设备的图像处理倾向，所述终端设备的图像处理倾向包括以下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备倾向的图像渲染方式，所述终端设备倾向的图像传输方式；所述处理单元，具体用于根据所述至少一个QoS和所述图像处理能力确定所述第一QoS。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元，具体用于：通过所述通信单元从所述终端设备接收所述图像处理能力。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述图像处理能力不包括所述终端设备支持的图像渲染方式，所述终端设备不支持图像渲染。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通信单元，还用于向所述第二通信装置发送所述第一 QoS。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在所述XR业务的QoS从所述第一QoS变为第二QoS时，所述通信单元，还用于向所述第二通信装置发送所述XR业务的所述第二QoS。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通信单元，还用于从所述第二通信装置获取更新后的图像处理参数；所述处理单元，还用于根据所述更新后的图像处理参数更新所述XR业务的QoS，所述图像处理参数包括以下中的一个或多个：图像渲染方式，图像传输方式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述图像渲染方式包括：本地渲染，分布式渲染，云渲染；其中，所述本地渲染是指所述终端设备进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式，所述分布式渲染是指所述终端设备进行图像的部分渲染的渲染方式，所述云渲染是指所述第二通信装置进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述图像传输方式包括：基于视角的图像传输，基于非视角的图像传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通信装置为核心网设备或接入网设备。
第六方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括一个或多个功能单元，该一个或多个功能单元用于执行上述第一方面提供的方法。示例性的，该通信装置包括：处理单元和通信单元；所述处理单元，用于通过所述通信单元接收请求消息，所述请求消息用于请求XR业务的QoS，XR设备通过终端设备接收所述XR业务的数据和/或发送所述XR业务的数据；所述处理单元，还用于通过所述通信单元向第一通信装置发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述XR业务的至少一个QoS，所述第一通信装置为核心网设备或接入网设备。在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元，还用于通过所述通信单元从所述终端设备接收所述终端设备的图像处理能力；其中，所述图像处理能力包括以下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备支持的图像渲染方式，所述终端设备支持的图像传输方式，所述终端设备的图像处理倾向，所述终端设备的图像处理倾向包括以下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备倾向的图像渲染方式，所述终端设备倾向的图像传输方式；所述处理单元，还用于根据所述图像处理能力确定所述XR业务的至少一个QoS和所述至少一个QoS对应的图像处理参数，所述图像处理参数包括以下中的一个或多个：图像渲染方式，图像传输方式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述指示信息还用于指示所述至少一个QoS对应的图像处理参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述图像处理能力不包括所述终端设备支持的图像渲染方式，所述终端设备不支持图像渲染。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元，还用于通过所述通信单元从所述第一通信装置接收为所述XR业务确定的第一QoS；所述处理单元，还用于根据所述第一QoS确定所述第一QoS对应的图像处理参数，采用所述第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元，还用于通过所述通信单元向所述终端设备发送所述第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在所述XR业务的QoS从第一QoS变为第二QoS时，所述处理单元，还用于通过所述通信单元从所述第一通信装置接收为所述XR业务确定的第二QoS；所述处理单元，还用于根据所述第二QoS确定是否更新图像处理参数；若是，所 述处理单元，还用于根据所述第二QoS确定所述第二QoS对应的图像处理参数，采用所述第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元，还用于通过所述通信单元向所述终端设备发送所述第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元，还用于更新使用的所述图像处理参数，并通过所述通信单元向所述第一通信装置和所述终端设备发送更新后的图像处理参数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述图像渲染方式包括：本地渲染，分布式渲染，云渲染；其中，所述本地渲染是指所述终端设备进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式，所述分布式渲染是指所述终端设备进行图像的部分渲染的渲染方式，所述云渲染是指所述通信装置进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述图像传输方式包括：基于视角的图像传输，基于非视角的图像传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通信装置为XR服务器或XR服务器中的芯片。
第七方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括一个或多个功能单元，该一个或多个功能单元用于执行上述第一方面提供的方法。示例性的，该通信装置包括：处理单元和通信单元；所述通信单元，用于向第二通信装置上报所述通信装置的图像处理能力，所述第二通信装置为XR服务器或XR服务器中的芯片，XR设备通过所述通信装置接收XR业务的数据和/或发送所述XR业务的数据；其中，所述图像处理能力包括以下中的一个或多个：所述通信装置支持的图像渲染方式，所述通信装置支持的图像传输方式，所述通信装置的图像处理倾向，所述通信装置的图像处理倾向包括以下中的一个或多个：所述通信装置倾向的图像渲染方式，所述通信装置倾向的图像传输方式；所述通信单元，还用于接收来自于所述第二通信装置的图像处理参数；所述处理单元，用于并根据接收到的图像处理参数处理图像数据，所述图像处理参数包括以下中的一个或多个：图像渲染方式，图像传输方式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述图像渲染方式包括：本地渲染，分布式渲染，云渲染；其中，所述本地渲染是指所述通信装置进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式，所述分布式渲染是指所述通信装置进行图像的部分渲染的渲染方式，所述云渲染是指所述第二通信装置进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述图像传输方式包括：基于视角的图像传输，基于非视角的图像传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述图像处理能力不包括所述通信装置支持的图像渲染方式，所述通信装置不支持图像渲染。
第八方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括一个或多个功能单元，该一个或多个功能单元用于执行上述第一方面提供的方法。示例性的，该通信装置包括：处理单元和通信单元；所述处理单元，用于通过所述通信单元向第一通信装置上报所述通信装置的图像处理能力，所述第一通信装置为核心网设备或接入网设备，XR设备通过所述通信装置接收XR业务的数据和/或发送所述XR业务的数据；其中，所述图像处理能力包括以下中的一个或多个：所述通信装置支持的图像渲染方式，所述通信装置支持的图像传输方式，所述通信装置的图像处理倾向，所述通信装置的图像处理倾向包括以下中的一个或多个：所述通信装置倾向的图像渲染方式，所述通信装置倾向的图像传输方式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述图像渲染方式包括：本地渲染，分布式渲染，云渲染；其中，所述本地渲染是指所述通信装置进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式，所述分布式渲染是指所述通信装置进行图像的部分渲染的渲染方式，所述云渲染是指所述第二通信装置进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述图像传输方式包括：基于视角的图像传输，基于非视角的图像传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述图像处理能力不包括所述通信装置支持的图像渲染方式，所述通信装置不支持图像渲染。
第九方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括：处理器。处理器与存储器连接，存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，处理器执行存储器存储的计算机执行指令，从而实现第一方面至第四方面中任一方面提供的任意一种方法。示例性的，存储器和处理器可以集成在一起，也可以为独立的器件。若为后者，存储器可以位于通信装置内，也可以位于通信装置外。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理器包括逻辑电路，还包括输入接口和输出接口中的至少一个。示例性的，输出接口用于执行相应方法中的发送的动作，输入接口用于执行相应方法中的接收的动作。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信装置还包括通信接口和通信总线，处理器、存储器和通信接口通过通信总线连接。通信接口用于执行相应方法中的收发的动作。通信接口也可以称为收发器。可选的，通信接口包括发送器和接收器中的至少一种，该情况下，发送器用于执行相应方法中的发送的动作，接收器用于执行相应方法中的接收的动作。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信装置以芯片的产品形态存在。
第十方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括：处理器和接口，处理器通过接口与存储器耦合，当处理器执行存储器中的计算机程序或计算机执行指令时，使得第一方面至第四方面中的任意一个方面提供的任意一种方法被执行。
第十一方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，包括计算机执行指令，当所述计算机执行指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面至第四方面中的任意一个方面提供的任意一种方法。
第十二方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机执行指令，当所述计算机执行指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面至第四方面中的任意一个方面提供的任意一种方法。
第十三方面，提供了一种通信系统，包括第五方面至第八方面提供的通信装置中的一个或多个。
第十四方面，提供了一种通信装置，用于执行第一方面至第四方面中的任意一个方面提供的任意一种方法。
第五方面至第十四方面中的任一种实现方式所带来的技术效果可参见第一方面至第四方面中对应实现方式所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在方案不矛盾的前提下，上述各个方面中的方案均可以结合。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种5G系统的架构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种PDU会话的示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种PDU会话与QoS流的关系示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种XR设备和XR服务器之间通信的示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种XR架构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的又一种XR架构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种XR设备显示的画面示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的再一种XR架构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的交互流程图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的又一种通信方法的交互流程图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的又一种通信方法的交互流程图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的又一种通信方法的交互流程图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的再一种通信方法的交互流程图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的组成示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的硬件结构示意图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的又一种通信装置的硬件结构示意图。
具体实施方式
在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示或的意思，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；本文中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”是指两个或多于两个。“至少一种”是指任意一种或者任意多种的组合，“至少一个”是指任意一个或者任意多个的组合。例如，A、B和C中的至少一种，可以包括以下情况：①A；②B；③C；④A和B；⑤A和C；⑥B和C；⑦A、B和C。
另外，为了便于清楚描述本申请实施例的技术方案，在本申请的实施例中，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。
本申请可以应用于第四代(4th Generation，4G)系统、基于4G系统演进的各种系统、第五代(5th Generation，5G)系统、基于5G系统演进的各种系统中。其中，4G系统也可以称为演进分组系统(evolved packet system，EPS)。4G系统的核心网可以称为演进分组核心网(evolved packet core，EPC)，接入网可以称为长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)。5G系统的核心网可以称为5GC(5G core)，接入网可以称为新无线(new radio，NR)。为了方便描述，下文中以本申请应用于5G系统为例对本申请作示例性说明，但是可以理解的是，本申请同样适用于4G系统，第三代(3th Generation，3G)系统等，不作限制。
图1示例性的示出了5G系统的一种网络架构示意图。在该示意图中，5G系统可以包括：鉴权服务器功能(authentication server function，AUSF)网元、接入和移动管理功能(core access and mobility management function，AMF)网元、数据网络(data network，DN)、统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)网元、策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)网元、无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)网元、用户面功能(user  plane function，UPF)网元、终端设备(terminal)、应用功能(application function，AF)网元、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元。
需要说明的是，图1中的RAN网元、AMF网元、SMF网元、AUSF网元、UDM网元、UPF网元和PCF网元等仅是一个名字，名字对网元本身不构成限定。在5G网络以及未来其它的网络中，这些网元所对应的实体或设备也可以是其他的名字，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。例如，UDM网元还有可能被替换为用户归属服务器(home subscriber server，HSS)或者用户签约数据库(user subscription database，USD)或者数据库网元，等等，在此进行统一说明，以下不再赘述。
为方便描述，在下文中将RAN网元、AMF网元、SMF网元、UDM网元、UPF网元、PCF网元等分别通过RAN、AMF、SMF、UDM、UPF、PCF等指代。
图1中展示了网元之间的交互关系以及对应的接口，例如，终端设备和AMF之间可以通过N1接口进行交互，交互消息称为N1消息。部分接口采用服务化接口的方式实现。
图1中部分网元的功能如下：
PCF，具备向控制面网元提供策略规则等功能。
UDM，具备管理用户的签约数据，生成用户的认证信息等功能。
AF，可以是应用服务器，其可以属于运营商，也可以属于第三方。主要支持与第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)核心网交互来提供服务，例如，影响数据路由决策，策略控制功能或者向网络侧提供第三方的一些服务。
AMF，也可以称为接入管理设备，主要负责信令处理部分，例如，终端设备的注册管理、终端设备的连接管理、终端设备的可达性管理、终端设备的接入授权和接入鉴权、终端设备的安全功能，终端设备的移动性管理，网络切片(network slice)选择，SMF选择，终端设备的附着与去附着等功能。AMF作为N1信令和N2信令连接的锚点并为SMF提供N1/N2接口会话管理(session management，SM)消息的路由；维护和管理终端设备的状态信息。AMF网元为终端设备中的会话提供服务的情况下，会为该会话提供控制面的存储资源，以存储会话上下文，例如，会话标识、与会话标识关联的SMF的标识等。
SMF，主要负责终端设备会话管理的所有控制面功能，包括UPF的选择、控制以及重定向，互联网协议(internet protocol，IP)地址分配及管理，会话的QoS管理，从PCF获取策略与计费控制(policy and charging control，PCC)策略，承载的建立、修改和释放以及QoS控制等。SMF还作为非接入层(non-access stratum，NAS)消息中SM部分的终结点。
UPF，作为协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)会话连接的锚定点，负责对终端设备的数据报文过滤、数据传输/转发(例如，从DN接收数据，并通过接入网设备传输给终端设备，或者，通过接入网设备从终端设备接收数据，并发送给DN)、速率控制、生成计费信息、用户面QoS处理、上行传输认证、传输等级验证、下行数据包缓存及下行数据通知触发等。UPF还可以作为多宿主(multi-homed)PDU会话的分支点。UPF中为终端设备提供服务的传输资源和调度功能由SMF进行管理控制。
RAN(也可以称为下一代无线接入网(next generation radio access network，NG-RAN))，由多个接入网设备(也可以称为接入网网元或网络设备或RAN节点)组成的网络，实现无线物理层功能、资源调度和无线资源管理、无线接入控制以及移动性管理功能，服务质 量管理，数据压缩和加密等功能。本申请实施例中的接入网设备是指无线接入网设备。接入网设备通过用户面接口N3和UPF相连，用于传送终端设备的数据。接入网设备通过控制面接口N2和AMF建立控制面信令连接，用于实现无线接入承载控制等功能。接入网设备是终端设备通过无线方式接入到移动通信系统中的接入设备，可以是基站(base station)、演进型基站(evolved NodeB，eNodeB)、发送接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、下一代基站(next generation NodeB，gNB)、未来移动通信系统中的基站或无线保真(wireless fidelity，WiFi)系统中的接入节点等。本申请中的接入网设备可以是一个完整的实体，还可以是集中式单元(centralized unit，CU)和分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)分离的形态。多个DU可以由一个CU集中控制。CU和DU的逻辑功能可以部署在单一物理实体中，也可以部署在不同的物理实体上。
终端设备可以是无线终端设备也可以是有线终端设备。无线终端设备可以是指向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备，具有无线连接功能的手持式设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其他处理设备。终端设备与接入网设备之间采用某种空口技术(例如，NR技术或LTE技术)相互通信。终端设备与终端设备之间也可以采用某种空口技术(例如，NR技术或LTE技术)相互通信。无线终端设备可以经接入网设备与一个或多个核心网设备通信，如与AMF、SMF等进行通信。终端设备可以是移动终端设备，如移动电话(或称为“蜂窝”电话)、智能电话、卫星无线设备、工业控制中的无线终端设备、无人驾驶中的无线终端设备、远程手术中的无线终端设备、智能电网中的无线终端设备、运输安全中的无线终端设备、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端设备、智慧家庭中的无线终端设备、无线调制解调器卡以及具有移动终端设备的计算机(例如，可以是膝上型、便携式、袖珍式、手持式、计算机内置的或者车载的移动装置)，它们与接入网设备交换语音和/或数据。示例性的，无线终端设备可以为个人通信业务(personal communication service，PCS)电话、手机、平板电脑、带无线收发功能的电脑、AR终端设备、VR终端设备、MR终端设备、XR终端设备、无绳电话、会话发起协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)话机、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、机器类型通信终端设备等设备。在车联网通信中，车辆上装载的通信设备是一种终端设备，路边单元(road side unit，RSU)也可以作为一种终端设备。无人机上装载的通信设备，也可以看做是一种终端设备。终端设备也可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、终端、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)、订户单元(subscriber unit)、订户站，移动站、移动台、远程站、接入点、接入终端、用户终端、用户代理等。
可以理解的是，除图1所示功能网元之外，5G网络的网络架构还可以包括其他功能网元。在本申请实施例中，网元也可以称为实体或设备等。
图1中的终端设备、RAN、UPF和DN一般被称为用户面网元，用户的数据流量可以通过终端设备和DN之间建立的PDU会话进行传输，传输会经过RAN和UPF这两个网元。其中，用户面用于承载业务数据。图1中的其他网元则被称为控制面网元，主要负责认证和鉴权、注册管理、会话管理、移动性管理以及策略控制等功能，从而实现用户层流量可靠稳定的传输。其中，控制面用于承载信令消息。
参见图2，PDU会话是终端设备和DN之间的连接，用于提供PDU连接服务。其中，PDU会话类型可以是IP连接、以太网连接或者非结构数据连接等。5G系统的核心网支持 的PDU连接服务，是指提供终端设备和由数据网络名称(data network name，DNN)确定的DN之间PDU交换的服务。终端设备可以发起建立一个或多个PDU会话，来连接到相同的DN或者不同的DN。例如，图2中，终端设备发起建立PDU会话1和PDU会话2，来连接到相同的DN。
QoS流(flow)是PDU会话中最精细的QoS区分粒度，一个QoS流标识(QoS flow identity，QFI)用于标识一个QoS流。一个PDU会话可以包括多个QoS流，每个QoS流可以承载多个业务。示例性的，如图3所示，一个PDU会话包含三条QoS流，分别为QoS流1，QoS流2和QoS流3。在一个QoS流中，不同业务的QoS是相同的。
本申请实施例提供的方法可以应用于AR、VR、MR和XR中。其中，AR技术是一种将虚拟信息与真实世界巧妙融合的技术，广泛运用了多媒体、三维建模、实时跟踪及注册、智能交互、传感等多种技术手段，将计算机生成的文字、图像、三维模型、音乐、视频等虚拟信息模拟仿真后，应用到真实世界中，两种信息互为补充，从而实现对真实世界的“增强”。VR技术又称灵境技术，VR技术囊括计算机、电子信息、仿真技术于一体，其基本实现方式是计算机模拟虚拟环境从而给人以环境沉浸感。MR技术制造的虚拟景象可以进入现实的生活同时能够认识用户，比如通过用户的设备，用户在眼睛当中看到一个景象可以测量出现实生活中物体的尺度和方位，其最大的特点在于虚拟世界和现实世界可以互动。关于XR技术的描述可参见背景技术，不再赘述。为了方便描述，本申请下文中以提供的方法应用于XR业务中为例对本申请实施例提供的方法作示例性说明。当应用在AR、VR、MR中时，将相应的信息或架构替换为AR、VR、MR中的信息和架构进行理解即可，例如，当应用在VR中时，下文中的XR设备可以替换为VR设备。
在XR业务中，XR设备(也可以称为XR客户端(XR Device))可以通过终端设备、接入网设备、UPF、DN与XR服务器通信。XR设备可以位于终端设备外部(参见图4中的(a)，终端设备可以连接多个XR设备，图中仅仅示出一个)，与终端设备通过有线或无线连接(例如，Wifi或其它无线方式)，也可以集成在终端设备内部(参见图4中的(b)，终端设备中可以有多个XR设备，图中仅仅示出一个)，本申请不作限制。XR服务器可以位于DN外，和SMF通过控制面连接。需要说明的是，XR设备也是一种终端设备，为了与接入接入网设备的终端设备进行区分，本申请中称为XR设备。XR设备可以由显示器(或者说屏幕、显示设备)、传感器、音箱等中的一个或多个组成。示例性的，XR设备可以为XR头盔。
在进行XR业务时，XR设备中的传感器捕捉用户的动作，并显示相应的画面。XR设备与XR服务器之间通信的架构(以下简称XR架构)可以有以下几种：
XR架构1
参见图5，在XR架构1中，XR服务器(XR Server)总是向XR设备传输360度视频信息流，XR设备内部再根据传感器检测到的用户的视线变化，从收到的视频流中选择一部分，显示在XR设备中。这种XR架构总是需要实时传输360度视频信息流，所以要求大概100Mbps的速率。其中，Mbps是指兆比特/秒。
XR架构2
参见图6，在XR架构2中，XR设备内的传感器检测用户的视线变化，并将用户的视线变化信息传输到XR服务器，XR服务器根据用户的视线变化信息确定用户的视线，并 将视线内的视频信息流传输到XR设备。例如，参见图7，XR业务模拟一个日出的景象，当用户目光转至东方时，XR服务器就传输东方太阳初升的画面，XR设备中显示东方太阳初升的画面(参见图7中的(a))，当用户目光转向西方时，XR服务器就传输西方清晨的画面，XR设备中显示西方清晨的画面(参见图7中的(b))。这种仅仅传输视线内的图像数据的图像传输方式称为基于视角的图像传输(Field of view，Fov)，要求大概25Mbps的速率。
XR架构3
参见图8，在XR架构3中，XR设备内的传感器检测用户的视线变化，并将用户的视线变化信息传输到XR服务器，XR服务器根据用户的视线变化信息确定用户的视线，并确定视线内是否有需要渲染的物体，如果有，则进行渲染后再将视线内的视频信息流传输到XR设备。由于存在渲染，数据量会大幅增加，目前，可能需要100Mbps、1Gbps、10Gbps的速率。XR架构3也为Fov的一种XR架构。
在上述几种XR架构中，XR架构1的图像传输方式为基于非视角的图像传输(简称非Fov)，XR架构2和XR架构3的图像传输方式为Fov，XR架构1和XR架构2不需要进行图像渲染，XR架构3需要进行图像渲染。若要达到同样的体验(例如，同样的画质，同样的数据传输时延)，不同的图像处理参数(图像传输方式和/或图像渲染方式)所要求的QoS(例如，速率)要求相差很大。
目前，关于XR的研究较少，针对XR业务，如何选择QoS是一个亟待解决的问题。并且，如何选择图像处理参数也没有相应的解决方法。为了解决这些问题，本申请提供了一种通信方法，通过XR业务的QoS、终端设备的图像处理能力、空口负荷中的一个或多个进行QoS选择以及图像处理参数的选择。
参见图9，该方法包括：
901、第二通信装置接收请求消息，请求消息用于请求XR业务的QoS。
其中，第二通信装置为XR服务器或XR服务器中的芯片。第二通信装置可以从SMF接收请求消息，SMF所发送的请求消息可以为自己生成的也可以为从终端设备接收到的，本申请不作限制。
XR业务可以为XR游戏，XR导航等。XR设备通过终端设备接收XR业务的数据和/或发送XR业务的数据。XR设备可以位于终端设备外部(参见图4中的(a))，与终端设备通过有线或无线连接，也可以集成在终端设备内部(参见图4中的(b))。
902、第二通信装置向第一通信装置发送指示信息，该指示信息用于指示XR业务的至少一个QoS(记为M个QoS，M为正整数)。相应的，第一通信装置接收来自第二通信装置的指示信息。
其中，第一通信装置为核心网设备(例如，AMF)或接入网设备。
步骤902在具体实现时，第二通信装置可以将XR业务的M个QoS发送给SMF，由SMF发送给第一通信装置。当第一通信装置为AMF时，第二通信装置可以通过SMF向AMF发送XR业务的M个QoS，当第一通信装置为接入网设备时，第二通信装置可以依次通过SMF、AMF向接入网设备发送XR业务的M个QoS。一个QoS中可以包含多个参数，例如，包含速率，时延预算、数据包错误率、数据突发(burst)的最大数据量中的一个或多个。
步骤902在具体实现时，该指示信息可以指示M个QoS的标识。示例性地，第二通信装置可以向第一通信装置发送一个QoS列表，QoS列表中包括XR业务的M个QoS的标识。
903、第一通信装置根据M个QoS确定XR业务的第一QoS。
本申请实施例提供的方法，第一通信装置可以从第二通信装置接收指示M个QoS的指示信息，并在M个QoS中确定XR业务的第一QoS，后续可以采用第一QoS进行XR业务，本申请提供了一种XR业务的QoS选择的方法，可以解决XR业务的QoS如何进行选择的问题。
可选的，该方法还包括以下步骤11和/或步骤12。
步骤11、第二通信装置获取终端设备的图像处理能力。具体的，终端设备向第二通信装置上报终端设备的图像处理能力。相应的，第二通信装置从终端设备接收终端设备的图像处理能力。
步骤12、第一通信装置获取终端设备的图像处理能力。具体的，在一种情况下，终端设备向第一通信装置上报终端设备的图像处理能力。相应的，第一通信装置从终端设备接收终端设备的图像处理能力。在另一种情况下，第一通信装置从操作管理和维护(operation administration and maintenance，OAM)或其他数据库获取终端设备的图像处理能力。
其中，终端设备的图像处理能力包括以下中的一个或多个：终端设备支持的图像渲染方式，终端设备支持的图像传输方式，终端设备的图像处理倾向。终端设备的图像处理倾向包括以下中的一个或多个：终端设备倾向的图像渲染方式，终端设备倾向的图像传输方式。
其中，“终端设备的图像处理倾向”，可以归为终端设备的能力信息，也可以归为终端设备的其它信息，不予限制，本申请中认为是能力信息，但是不论该信息是否认为是终端设备的能力信息，该信息的功能是不变的。
本申请实施例中，图像渲染方式包括：本地渲染，分布式渲染，云渲染；其中，本地渲染是指终端设备进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式，分布式渲染是指终端设备进行图像的部分渲染的渲染方式(另一部分渲染由第二通信装置进行)，云渲染是指第二通信装置进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式。
其中，采用分布式渲染时，终端设备和第二通信装置可以同时渲染(此时，分布式渲染也可以称为并行渲染)，也可以不同时间渲染，本申请不作限制。
可以理解的是，若采用云渲染进行图像渲染，那么第二通信装置向终端设备发送的数据是经过第二通信装置全部渲染后的图像数据，数据量较大。若采用分布式渲染，那么第二通信装置向终端设备发送的数据是经过第二通信装置部分渲染后的图像数据，相比云渲染，数据量会减小。若采用本地渲染，那么第二通信装置向终端设备发送的数据是未经过第二通信装置渲染的图像数据，相比分布式渲染，数据量更小。
本申请实施例中，图像传输方式包括：Fov，非Fov。其中，Fov是指仅仅传输视线内的图像数据的图像传输方式(例如，上述架构2和架构3中的传输方式)，非Fov是指既传输视线内的图像数据，还传输视线外的图像数据的图像传输方式(例如，上述架构1中的传输方式)。
其中，终端设备支持的图像渲染方式可以包括本地渲染和/或分布式渲染。终端设备可 以通过指示是否支持本地渲染和是否支持分布式渲染从而指示支持的图像渲染方式。可选的，若终端设备的图像处理能力不包括终端设备支持的图像渲染方式，终端设备不支持图像渲染。
终端设备支持的图像传输方式包括：Fov和/或非Fov。终端设备倾向的图像渲染方式可以为本地渲染或分布式渲染，终端设备倾向的图像传输方式可以为Fov或非Fov。其中，终端设备的图像处理倾向可以是针对同样的体验(例如，同样的画质，同样的数据传输时延)的，也就是要达到同样的体验，若终端设备支持两种图像渲染方式和/或两种图像传输方式，终端设备更加倾向的图像渲染方式和/或图像传输方式。
可选的，该方法还包括以下步骤21和/或步骤22。
步骤21、第二通信装置获取空口负荷。具体的，接入网设备向第二通信装置发送空口负荷。相应的，第二通信装置从接入网设备接收空口负荷。第二通信装置可以依次通过AMF和SMF从接入网设备接收空口负荷。
步骤22、第一通信装置获取空口负荷，其中，第一通信装置为AMF。具体的，接入网设备向AMF发送空口负荷。相应的，AMF从接入网设备接收空口负荷。
将第二通信装置获取了终端设备的图像处理能力、且获取到空口负荷的情况记为情况1，将第二通信装置仅获取了终端设备的图像处理能力的情况记为情况2，将第二通信装置未获取终端设备的图像处理能力、也未获取到空口负荷的情况记为情况3，以下对情况1至情况3下，本申请提供的方法的做具体阐述。
情况1、第二通信装置获取了终端设备的图像处理能力、且获取到空口负荷。
在情况1下，可选的，在步骤902之前，上述方法还包括：
步骤31、第二通信装置根据终端设备的图像处理能力和空口负荷确定M个QoS。
进一步的，步骤31在具体实现时可以包括：第二通信装置根据终端设备的图像处理能力、空口负荷、XR设备显示能力确定M个QoS。其中，第二通信装置中的XR设备显示能力可以从XR设备获取。
其中，XR设备显示能力是指与XR设备显示相关的能力，例如，分辨率、色度信息所占比特数量、XR设备能显示的图像水平最大角度、XR设备能显示的图像垂直最大角度等。若XR设备位于终端设备外部，XR设备显示能力不超过终端设备的显示能力，若XR设备位于终端设备内部，XR设备显示能力与终端设备的显示能力相同。
其中，空口负荷可以为小区支持的数据速率等。第二通信装置中的空口负荷信息可以从AMF或接入网设备获取。AMF或接入网设备可以周期性的向第二通信装置上报空口负荷信息，或者，AMF或接入网设备可以将会话请求与空口负荷信息一起发送给第二通信装置，或者，第二通信装置接收到会话请求后，向AMF或接入网设备发送请求，AMF或接入网设备基于该请求，向第二通信装置上报空口负荷信息。
其中，终端设备的图像处理能力、空口负荷、XR设备显示能力均可以用于筛选QoS。
具体的，针对终端设备的图像处理能力，第二通信装置可以选择支持终端设备的图像处理能力的QoS，例如，第二通信装置可以根据终端设备的图像处理能力确定XR设备和第二通信装置之间的速率要求，确定满足速率要求的QoS作为M个QoS。比如，若终端设备支持分布式渲染和非Fov，要求大概1Gbps的速率，则第二通信装置确定速率大于1Gbps的QoS为M个QoS。
针对空口负荷，第二通信装置可以选择不对空口传输造成太大负担的QoS作为M个QoS，例如，若空口负荷较大，第二通信装置选择速率较小的QoS作为M个QoS，若空口负荷不大，为了保证传输效率，第二通信装置可以选择速率较大的QoS作为M个QoS。
针对XR设备显示能力，第二通信装置可以选择在XR设备显示能力之内的QoS作为M个QoS，例如，第二通信装置可以根据XR设备的分辨率或其他参数确定XR设备和第二通信装置之间的最大速率，选择小于该速率的QoS作为M个QoS。
当采用终端设备的图像处理能力、空口负荷、XR设备显示能力中的多个筛选QoS时，将相应的选择规则结合即可，不再赘述。
在情况1下，可选的，上述方法还包括：
步骤41、第二通信装置根据终端设备的图像处理能力确定M个QoS对应的图像处理参数。
本申请实施例中，一个QoS对应的图像处理参数包括以下中的一个或多个：图像渲染方式，图像传输方式。
可选的，每个QoS对应的图像渲染方式包括以下中的一种或多种：本地渲染，分布式渲染，云渲染。可选的，每个QoS对应的图像传输方式包括以下中的一个或多个：Fov，非Fov。
步骤41在具体实现时，第二通信装置确定的QoS，需要足以支持XR设备和第二通信装置采用该QoS对应的图像渲染方式和/或图像传输方式进行图像数据处理。
例如，若终端设备支持分布式渲染和非Fov，要求大概1Gbps的速率，此时，可以认为经过筛选后的QoS中速率大于1Gbps的QoS对应的图像渲染方式为分布式渲染，支持的图像传输方式为非Fov。再例如，若终端设备支持本地渲染，也支持分布式渲染，还支持Fov和非Fov，本地渲染和Fov要求大概25Mbps的速率，分布式渲染和非Fov要求大概1Gbps的速率。此时，可以认为经过筛选后的QoS中速率大于1Gbps的QoS对应的图像渲染方式为分布式渲染和/或本地渲染，对应的图像传输方式为Fov和/或非Fov，可以认为经过筛选后的QoS中速率大于25Mbps小于或等于1Gbps的QoS对应的图像渲染方式为本地渲染，对应的图像传输方式为Fov。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中关于速率的数值均为举例说明，在实际实现时，可以有其他的值，不作限制。
示例性的，若M个QoS有5个，表1示例性的示出了5个QoS对应的图像渲染方式和图像传输方式。
表1
QoS 图像渲染方式 图像传输方式
QoS1 本地渲染、分布式渲染 非Fov、Fov
QoS2 本地渲染 非Fov
QoS3 分布式渲染 非Fov、Fov
QoS4 本地渲染 Fov
QoS5 无 非Fov
需要说明的是，M个QoS对应的图像处理参数除了可以是第二通信装置根据终端设备的图像处理能力确定的之外，还可以是预先存储在第二通信装置中的。
在情况1下，可选的，指示信息还用于指示M个QoS对应的图像处理参数。
其中，指示信息可以直接指示M个QoS对应的图像处理参数，也可以通过指示M个QoS的标识指示M个QoS对应的图像处理参数，该情况下，M个QoS的标识与M个QoS对应的图像处理参数之间的对应关系可以存储在第一通信装置中，第一通信装置根据M个QoS的标识确定M个QoS以及M个QoS对应的图像处理参数。
在情况1下，步骤903可以通过以下方式一或方式二实现。
方式一、第一通信装置在M个QoS中选择优先级最高的QoS作为第一QoS。
方式二、第一通信装置根据终端设备的其他能力(例如，渲染能力，节点能力)在M个QoS中选择一个QoS作为第一QoS。
方式二在具体实现时，例如，若终端设备不具备渲染能力，则在M个QoS中选择对应的渲染方式为云渲染的QoS作为第一QoS。若终端设备倾向于节电，则在M个QoS中选择对应的渲染方式为云渲染和/或分布式渲染的QoS作为第一QoS。例如，基于上述表1所示的示例，若终端设备不具备渲染能力，则只能选择QoS5作为第一QoS。
情况2、第二通信装置获取了终端设备的图像处理能力。
在情况2下，可选的，在步骤902之前，上述方法还包括：
步骤51、第二通信装置根据终端设备的图像处理能力确定M个QoS。
进一步的，步骤51在具体实现时可以包括：第二通信装置根据终端设备的图像处理能力、XR设备显示能力确定M个QoS。其中，第二通信装置中的XR设备显示能力可以从XR设备获取。
其中，关于步骤51的具体实现可以参见上述步骤31，不再赘述。
在情况2下，可选的，上述方法还包括：
步骤61、第二通信装置根据终端设备的图像处理能力确定M个QoS对应的图像处理参数。
步骤61的具体实现可以参见上述步骤41,不再赘述。
在情况2下，可选的，指示信息还用于指示M个QoS对应的图像处理参数。与该可选的方法相关的描述可参见上述情况1，不再赘述。
在情况2下，步骤903可以通过上述方式一或方式二实现，还可以通过以下方式三或方式四实现。
方式三、第一通信装置根据空口负荷在M个QoS中选择一个QoS作为第一QoS。
方式三在具体实现时，第一通信装置可以选择不对空口传输造成太大负担的QoS作为第一QoS，例如，若空口负荷较大，第一通信装置选择速率较小的QoS作为第一QoS，若空口负荷不大，为了保证传输效率，第一通信装置可以选择速率较大的QoS作为第一QoS。示例性的，若第一通信装置确定当前小区的带宽可以传输100Mbps的数据，当前小区内已经存在两个用户在传输数据，其中用户A的保证速率是20Mbps，用户B的保证速率是50Mbps。第一通信装置计算得到：第三个用户如果要传输数据，其保证速率必须小于30Mbps。若指示信息指示了2种QoS，分别为QoS1和QoS2，其中，QoS1的速率为50Mbps，QoS2的速率为20Mbps，如果第一通信装置选择QoS1，则3个用户的保证速率超出小区的容量，所以，第一通信装置只能选QoS2。
需要说明的是，第一通信装置也可以结合方式二和方式三来确定第一QoS，将相应的 选择规则进行结合即可，不再赘述。
在方式三中，通过结合空口负荷，根据空口负荷选择第一QoS，可以支持更多用户，提高用户体验。
情况3、第二通信装置未获取终端设备的图像处理能力、也未获取到空口负荷。
在情况3下，第一通信装置可以获取到终端设备的图像处理能力、空口负荷、终端设备的其他能力(例如，渲染能力，节点能力)中的至少一个。
在情况3下，M个QoS可以为第二通信装置中的全部QoS。
在情况3下，步骤903可以通过以上方式一至方式三中的任一种或以下方式四实现。
方式四、第一通信装置根据终端设备的图像处理能力在M个QoS中确定第一QoS。
方式四在具体实现时，第一通信装置可以根据终端设备的图像处理能力在M个QoS中确定M＇个QoS，再在M＇个QoS中选择一个QoS作为第一QoS，M＇为小于等于M的正整数。其中，在“M个QoS中确定M＇个QoS”的过程与上述情况1中的“第二通信装置根据终端设备的图像处理能力确定M个QoS”的过程类似，不再赘述。
需要说明的是，第一通信装置也可以结合上述方式二至方式四中的任意两个，或，方式二至方式四来确定第一QoS，将相应的选择规则进行结合即可。例如，若方式四与其他方式结合，则在通过方式四确定M＇个QoS之后，可以采用其他方式在M＇个QoS中确定第一QoS，比如，若方式四与方式三结合，则在确定M＇个QoS之后，第一通信装置可以根据空口负荷在M＇个QoS中确定第一QoS。
在确定第一QoS之后，第二通信装置和终端设备之间需要采用第一QoS对应的图像处理参数进行图像数据处理，具体可以通过以下方式1至方式3中的任意一种方式实现。
方式1、第一通信装置向第二通信装置发送第一QoS。相应的，第二通信装置从第一通信装置接收第一QoS，根据第一QoS确定第一QoS对应的图像处理参数，采用第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据，并向终端设备发送第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个。终端设备接收到第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个时，采用第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据。
在本申请实施例中，第二通信装置和终端设备之间可以通过应用层交互图像处理参数。
示例性的，若第一QoS对应的图像渲染方式为分布式渲染，对应的图像传输方式为Fov，则第一通信装置和终端设备采用分布式渲染和Fov处理图像数据。
方式2、第一通信装置向第二通信装置发送第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个。相应的，第二通信装置从第一通信装置接收第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个，采用第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据，并向终端设备发送第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个。终端设备接收到第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个时，采用第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据。
方式3、第一通信装置向第二通信装置和终端设备发送第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个。相应的，第二通信装置和终端设备从第一通信装置接收第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个，并采用第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据。
在上述方式1至方式3中，后续过程中，若XR设备位于终端设备的外部，则终端设 备可以将采用第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理后的图像数据，发送给XR设备。
上述实施例中，若XR业务的QoS发生改变(记为场景1)，则图像处理参数也可能发生改变，以下对场景1下的相应流程进行示例性说明。若图像处理参数发生改变(记为场景2)，则XR业务的QoS也可能发生改变，以下对场景2下的相应流程进行示例性说明。
场景1、XR业务的QoS发生改变。
其中，XR业务传输过程中，第一通信装置可以在空口负荷发生变化时，更新XR业务的QoS。
在场景1下，在XR业务的QoS从第一QoS变为第二QoS时，该方法还包括以下方法1、方法2或方法3。其中，第二QoS可以为上述M个QoS中的一个，也可以为其他QoS，本申请不作限制。
方法1、第一通信装置向第二通信装置发送XR业务的第二QoS，相应的，第二通信装置从第一通信装置接收第二QoS；第二通信装置根据第二QoS确定是否更新图像处理参数；若是，第二通信装置根据第二QoS确定第二QoS对应的图像处理参数；第二通信装置采用第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据。
在方法1中，第二通信装置可以在第二QoS对应的图像处理参数与第一QoS对应的图像处理参数相同的情况下，确定不更新图像处理参数，否则，确定更新图像处理参数。
在方法1中，还包括：第二通信装置向终端设备发送第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个。相应的，终端设备从第二通信装置接收第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个，并采用第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据。
方法2、第一通信装置向第二通信装置发送XR业务的第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个。相应的，第二通信装置从第一通信装置接收XR业务的第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个，根据第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个确定是否更新图像处理参数；若是，采用第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据。
其中，第二通信装置可以在当前的图像处理参数与从第一通信装置接收到的图像处理参数相同的情况下，确定不更新图像处理参数，否则，确定更新图像处理参数。
在方法2中，还包括：第二通信装置向终端设备发送第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个。相应的，终端设备从第二通信装置接收第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个，并采用第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据。
方法3、第一通信装置向第二通信装置和终端设备发送第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个。第二通信装置和终端设备从第一通信装置接收第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个，采用第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据。
需要说明的是，在场景1下，也可以在终端设备切换接入网设备时，更新XR业务的QoS，该情况下，若终端从源接入网设备(第一通信装置为接入网设备时，源接入网设备可以为该接入网设备)切换到目标接入网设备，第二QoS可以由目标接入网设备确定，方法1至方法3中第一通信装置执行的动作可以由目标接入网设备执行。
场景2、图像处理参数发生改变。
在场景2下，上述方法还包括：
步骤51、第二通信装置更新图像处理参数，具体的，第二通信装置更新图像渲染方式和/或图像传输方式。
步骤52、第二通信装置向第一通信装置和终端设备发送更新后的图像处理参数。相应的，第一通信装置和终端设备从第二通信装置获取更新后的图像处理参数。
步骤53、第一通信装置根据更新后的图像处理参数更新XR业务的QoS。
步骤54、终端设备采用更新后的图像处理参数处理图像数据。
步骤53在具体实现时，第一通信装置可以选择更新后的图像处理参数对应的QoS作为更新后的XR业务的QoS。
在上述实施例中，若AMF确定了QoS，AMF可以将确定的QoS告知接入网设备，接入网设备根据确定的QoS(例如，第一QoS或第二QoS)确定空口参数，例如，时延，误包率等，并进行空口配置(例如，为终端设备配置空口DRB的参数)。
在上述实施例中，在第一通信装置确定QoS(例如，第一QoS或第二QoS)之后，UPF根据确定的QoS中的速率向接入网设备发送数据包。
为了使得本申请实施例更加的清楚，以下通过实施例1至实施例4对本申请上述方法做示例性说明。
实施例1
实施例1以第一通信装置为AMF、第二通信装置为XR服务器为例，对上述方法中确定XR业务的QoS以及终端设备和XR服务器采用的图像处理参数的一种实现过程作示例性说明。参见图10，包括：
1001、终端设备向AMF上报终端设备的图像处理能力。
其中，关于终端设备的图像处理能力的相关描述可参见上文，不再赘述。
步骤1001在步骤1005之前执行即可，与步骤1002至步骤1004中的任意一个步骤的执行顺序不分先后。
1002、XR设备向SMF发送会话请求(session request)。
其中，XR设备向SMF发送的会话请求可以经终端设备、接入网设备、AMF后传输到SMF。会话请求用于请求建立会话。
其中，会话请求中可以携带XR业务的标识。SMF可以根据XR业务的标识确定请求的XR业务。
1003、SMF从XR服务器获取XR业务的M个QoS。
1004、SMF向AMF发送XR业务的M个QoS。相应的，AMF从SMF接收XR业务的M个QoS。
1005、AMF根据终端设备的图像处理能力在M个QoS中确定第一QoS。
步骤1005的具体实现可参见上述方式四，不再赘述。
可选的，步骤1005在具体实现时，AMF还可以根据终端设备的图像处理能力和空口负荷在M个QoS中确定第一QoS。
其中，AMF中的空口负荷信息可以从接入网设备处获取。
1006、AMF向XR服务器发送第一QoS。相应的，XR服务器从AMF接收第一QoS。
其中，AMF可以通过SMF与XR服务器通信。
1007、XR服务器根据第一QoS确定采用的图像渲染方式和/或图像传输方式，并根据 确定的图像渲染方式和/或图像传输方式处理图像数据。
其中，XR服务器确定的图像渲染方式和/或图像传输方式为第一QoS对应的图像渲染方式和/或图像传输方式。
在根据确定的图像渲染方式和/或图像传输方式处理图像数据之前，XR服务器可以根据确定的图像渲染方式和/或图像传输方式准备相应的图像数据处理模块，以便后续进行图像数据处理。
1008、XR服务器向终端设备发送确定的图像渲染方式和/或图像传输方式。相应的，终端设备从XR服务器接收确定的图像渲染方式和/或图像传输方式。
其中，XR服务器和终端设备之间可以通过SMF、AMF和接入网设备通信。
1009、终端设备根据从XR服务器接收到的图像渲染方式和/或图像传输方式处理图像数据。
在步骤1009之前，终端设备可以根据从XR服务器接收到的图像渲染方式和/或图像传输方式准备相应的图像数据处理模块，以便后续进行图像数据处理。
1010、AMF向接入网设备发送第一QoS。
1011、接入网设备根据第一QoS确定空口参数。
1012、接入网设备向终端设备发送空口参数。
实施例2
实施例2以第一通信装置为接入网设备、第二通信装置为XR服务器为例，对上述方法中确定XR业务的QoS以及终端设备和XR服务器采用的图像处理参数的一种实现过程作示例性说明。参见图11，包括：
1101、终端设备向接入网设备上报终端设备的图像处理能力。
其中，关于终端设备的图像处理能力的相关描述可参见上文，不再赘述。
步骤1101在步骤1105之前执行即可，与步骤1102至步骤1104中的任意一个步骤的执行顺序不分先后。
1102、与上述步骤1002相同。
1103、与上述步骤1003相同。
1104、SMF向接入网设备发送XR业务的M个QoS。相应的，接入网设备从SMF接收XR业务的M个QoS。
其中，SMF可以通过AMF向接入网设备发送M个QoS。
1105、接入网设备根据终端设备的图像处理能力在M个QoS中确定第一QoS。
步骤1105的具体实现可参见上述方式四，不再赘述。
可选的，步骤1105在具体实现时，接入网设备还可以根据终端设备的图像处理能力和空口负荷在M个QoS中确定第一QoS。
1106、接入网设备向XR服务器发送第一QoS。相应的，XR服务器从接入网设备接收第一QoS。
其中，接入网设备可以依次通过AMF、SMF与XR服务器通信。
1107、与上述步骤1007相同。
1108、与上述步骤1008相同。
1109、与上述步骤1009相同。
1110、接入网设备根据第一QoS确定空口参数。
1111、接入网设备向终端设备发送空口参数。
实施例3
实施例3对空口负荷发生变化时，接入网设备发起的QoS更新流程以及图像处理参数更新流程作示例性说明。参见图12，包括：
1201、接入网设备发现空口负荷发生变化时，向XR服务器发送QoS改变请求。
其中，接入网设备可以依次通过AMF、SMF传输QoS改变请求至XR服务器。QoS改变请求中可以包括接入网设备确定的第二QoS。第二QoS可以为上述M个QoS中的一个，也可以为接入网设备自行生成的QoS，本申请不作限制。
1202、XR服务器根据第二QoS确定是否更新图像处理参数。
若是，执行步骤1203。若否，结束。图12中以XR服务器根据第二QoS确定更新图像处理参数为例进行绘制。
1203、XR服务器根据第二QoS确定第二QoS对应的图像处理参数，采用第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据。
其中，第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个可以为第二QoS对应的图像渲染方式和/或图像传输方式。
1204、XR服务器向终端设备发送第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个。相应的，终端设备从XR服务器接收第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个。
1205、终端设备采用第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据。
在后续过程中，若XR设备位于终端设备的外部，则终端设备可以将采用第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理后的图像数据，发送给XR设备。
实施例4
实施例4中以终端设备需要切换接入网设备时，QoS更新流程以及图像处理参数更新流程作示例性说明。参见图13，包括：
1301、源接入网设备确定终端设备要进行切换，向目标接入网设备发送切换请求。
其中，切换请求中可以包括：M个QoS，第一QoS。
1302、目标接入网设备确定XR业务的第二QoS。
其中，目标接入网设备可以根据自身的空口负荷情况，选择第二QoS，第二QoS可以为上述M个QoS中的一个，也可以为其他QoS，本申请不作限制。第一QoS和第二QoS可以为相同的QoS，也可以为不同的QoS。
1303、目标接入网设备根据第二QoS确定空口参数。
1304、目标接入网设备通过源接入网设备向终端设备发送空口参数。
其中，目标接入网设备可以通过源接入网设备透传(即透明传输)空口参数给终端设备，也就是说，目标接入网设备将空口参数发送给源接入网设备之后，源接入网设备不解析该空口参数，直接发送给终端设备。
1305、若第一QoS和第二QoS为不同的QoS，则目标接入网设备向XR服务器发送第二QoS。
1306-1309、与上述步骤1202至步骤1205分别相同。
在上述实施例中，若第一通信装置为接入网设备、且接入网设备为DU和CU分离的 架构，则接入网设备执行的动作可以由CU执行。
上述主要从各个网元之间交互的角度对本申请实施例的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，各个网元，例如，第一通信装置和第二通信装置为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和软件模块中的至少一个。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对第一通信装置和第二通信装置进行功能单元的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能单元，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对单元的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
在采用集成的单元的情况下，图14示出了上述实施例中所涉及的通信装置(记为通信装置140)的一种可能的结构示意图，该通信装置140包括处理单元1401和通信单元1402，还可以包括存储单元1403。图14所示的结构示意图可以用于示意上述实施例中所涉及的第一通信装置和第二通信装置的结构。
当图14所示的结构示意图用于示意上述实施例中所涉及的第一通信装置的结构时，处理单元1401用于对第一通信装置的动作进行控制管理，例如，处理单元1401用于执行图9中的901和902，图10中的1001、1002、1004、1005、1006、1008和1010(此时，第一通信装置为AMF)，图11中的1101、1102、1104、1105、1108、1110、1111(此时，第一通信装置为接入网设备)，图12中的1201和1204(此时，第一通信装置为接入网设备或AMF)，和/或本申请实施例中所描述的其他过程中的第一通信装置执行的动作。处理单元1401可以通过通信单元1402与其他网络实体通信，例如，与图9中示出的第二通信装置通信。存储单元1403用于存储第一通信装置的程序代码和数据。
当图14所示的结构示意图用于示意上述实施例中所涉及的第一通信装置的结构时，通信装置140可以是一个设备(例如，AMF或接入网设备)，也可以是该设备内的芯片。
当图14所示的结构示意图用于示意上述实施例中所涉及的第二通信装置的结构时，处理单元1401用于对第二通信装置的动作进行控制管理，例如，处理单元1401用于执行图9中的902和903，图10中的1003、1006、1007和1008，图11中的1103、1106、1107和1108，图12中的1201至1204，图13中的1305至1308，和/或本申请实施例中所描述的其他过程中的第二通信装置执行的动作。处理单元1401可以通过通信单元1402与其他网络实体通信，例如，与图9中示出的第一通信装置通信。存储单元1403用于存储第二通信装置的程序代码和数据。
当图14所示的结构示意图用于示意上述实施例中所涉及的第二通信装置的结构时，通信装置140可以是一个设备(例如，XR服务器)，也可以是该设备内的芯片。
其中，当通信装置140为一个设备时，处理单元1401可以是处理器或控制器，通信单元1402可以是通信接口、收发器、收发机、收发电路、收发装置等。其中，通信接口是统称，可以包括一个或多个接口。存储单元1403可以是存储器。当通信装置140为设 备内的芯片时，处理单元1401可以是处理器或控制器，通信单元1402可以是输入接口和/或输出接口、管脚或电路等。存储单元1403可以是该芯片内的存储单元(例如，寄存器、缓存等)，也可以是设备内的位于该芯片外部的存储单元(例如，只读存储器(read-onlymemory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)等)。
其中，通信单元也可以称为收发单元。通信装置140中的具有收发功能的天线和控制电路可以视为通信装置140的通信单元1402，具有处理功能的处理器可以视为通信装置140的处理单元1401。可选的，通信单元1402中用于实现接收功能的器件可以视为接收单元，接收单元用于执行本申请实施例中的接收的步骤，接收单元可以为接收机、接收器、接收电路等。通信单元1402中用于实现发送功能的器件可以视为发送单元，发送单元用于执行本申请实施例中的发送的步骤，发送单元可以为发送机、发送器、发送电路等。
图14中的集成的单元如果以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。存储计算机软件产品的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器、随机存取存储器、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
图14中的单元也可以称为模块，例如，处理单元可以称为处理模块。
本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置的硬件结构示意图，参见图15或图16，该通信装置包括处理器1501，可选的，还包括与处理器1501连接的存储器1502。
处理器1501可以是一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、微处理器、特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或者一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路。处理器1501也可以包括多个CPU，并且处理器1501可以是一个单核(single-CPU)处理器，也可以是多核(multi-CPU)处理器。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个设备、电路或用于处理数据(例如计算机程序指令)的处理核。
存储器1502可以是ROM或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备、RAM或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，本申请实施例对此不作任何限制。存储器1502可以是独立存在，也可以和处理器1501集成在一起。其中，存储器1502中可以包含计算机程序代码。处理器1501用于执行存储器1502中存储的计算机程序代码，从而实现本申请实施例提供的方法。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，参见图15，通信装置还包括收发器1503。处理器1501、存储器1502和收发器1503通过总线相连接。收发器1503用于与其他设备或通信网络通信。可选的，收发器1503可以包括发射机和接收机。收发器1503中用于实现接收功能的器件可以视为接收机，接收机用于执行本申请实施例中的接收的步骤。收发器1503中用 于实现发送功能的器件可以视为发射机，发射机用于执行本申请实施例中的发送的步骤。
基于第一种可能的实现方式，图15所示的结构示意图可以用于示意上述实施例中所涉及的第一通信装置和第二通信装置的结构。
当图15所示的结构示意图用于示意上述实施例中所涉及的第一通信装置的结构时，处理器1501用于对第一通信装置的动作进行控制管理，例如，处理器1501用于支持第一通信装置执行图9中的901和902，图10中的1001、1002、1004、1005、1006、1008和1010(此时，第一通信装置为AMF)，图11中的1101、1102、1104、1105、1108、1110、1111(此时，第一通信装置为接入网设备)，图12中的1201和1204(此时，第一通信装置为接入网设备或AMF)，和/或本申请实施例中所描述的其他过程中的第一通信装置执行的动作。处理器1501可以通过收发器1503与其他网络实体通信，例如，与图9中示出的第二通信装置通信。存储器1502用于存储第一通信装置的程序代码和数据。
当图15所示的结构示意图用于示意上述实施例中所涉及的第二通信装置的结构时，处理器1501用于对第二通信装置的动作进行控制管理，例如，处理器1501用于支持第二通信装置执行图9中的902和903，图10中的1003、1006、1007和1008，图11中的1103、1106、1107和1108，图12中的1201至1204，图13中的1305至1308，和/或本申请实施例中所描述的其他过程中的第二通信装置执行的动作。处理器1501可以通过收发器1503与其他网络实体通信，例如，与图9中示出的第一通信装置通信。存储器1502用于存储第二通信装置的程序代码和数据。
在第二种可能的实现方式中，处理器1501包括逻辑电路以及输入接口和输出接口中的至少一个。其中，输出接口用于执行相应方法中的发送的动作，输入接口用于执行相应方法中的接收的动作。
基于第二种可能的实现方式，参见图16，图16所示的结构示意图可以用于示意上述实施例中所涉及的第一通信装置和第二通信装置的结构。
当图16所示的结构示意图用于示意上述实施例中所涉及的第一通信装置的结构时，处理器1501用于对第一通信装置的动作进行控制管理，例如，处理器1501用于支持第一通信装置执行图9中的901和902，图10中的1001、1002、1004、1005、1006、1008和1010(此时，第一通信装置为AMF)，图11中的1101、1102、1104、1105、1108、1110、1111(此时，第一通信装置为接入网设备)，图12中的1201和1204(此时，第一通信装置为接入网设备或AMF)，和/或本申请实施例中所描述的其他过程中的第一通信装置执行的动作。处理器1501可以通过输入接口和输出接口中的至少一个与其他网络实体通信，例如，与图9中示出的第二通信装置通信。存储器1502用于存储第一通信装置的程序代码和数据。
当图16所示的结构示意图用于示意上述实施例中所涉及的第二通信装置的结构时，处理器1501用于对第二通信装置的动作进行控制管理，例如，处理器1501用于支持第二通信装置执行图9中的902和903，图10中的1003、1006、1007和1008，图11中的1103、1106、1107和1108，图12中的1201至1204，图13中的1305至1308，和/或本申请实施例中所描述的其他过程中的第二通信装置执行的动作。处理器1501可以通过输入接口和输出接口中的至少一个与其他网络实体通信，例如，与图9中示出的第一通信装置通信。存储器1502用于存储第二通信装置的程序代码和数据。
在实现过程中，本实施例提供的方法中的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述任一方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述任一方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置，包括：处理器和接口，处理器通过接口与存储器耦合，当处理器执行存储器中的计算机程序或计算机执行指令时，使得上述任一方法被执行。
本申请实施例还提供了一种通信系统，包括：第一通信装置和第二通信装置。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件程序实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式来实现。该计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或者数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可以用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)，光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
尽管在此结合各实施例对本申请进行了描述，然而，在实施所要求保护的本申请过程中，本领域技术人员通过查看附图、公开内容、以及所附权利要求书，可理解并实现公开实施例的其他变化。在权利要求中，“包括”(comprising)一词不排除其他组成部分或步骤，“一”或“一个”不排除多个的情况。单个处理器或其他单元可以实现权利要求中列举的若干项功能。相互不同的从属权利要求中记载了某些措施，但这并不表示这些措施不能组合起来产生良好的效果。
尽管结合具体特征及其实施例对本申请进行了描述，显而易见的，在不脱离本申请的精神和范围的情况下，可对其进行各种修改和组合。相应地，本说明书和附图仅仅是所附权利要求所界定的本申请的示例性说明，且视为已覆盖本申请范围内的任意和所有修改、变化、组合或等同物。显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法适用于第一通信装置，所述第一通信装置为核心网设备或接入网设备，所述方法包括：
    所述第一通信装置接收来自第二通信装置的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示扩展现实XR业务的至少一个服务质量QoS，XR设备通过终端设备接收所述XR业务的数据和/或发送所述XR业务的数据，所述第二通信装置为XR服务器或XR服务器中的芯片；
    所述第一通信装置根据所述至少一个QoS确定所述XR业务的第一QoS。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信息还用于指示所述至少一个QoS对应的图像处理参数，所述图像处理参数包括以下中的一个或多个：图像渲染方式，图像传输方式。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一通信装置获取所述终端设备的图像处理能力；其中，所述图像处理能力包括以下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备支持的图像渲染方式，所述终端设备支持的图像传输方式，所述终端设备的图像处理倾向，其中，所述终端设备的图像处理倾向包括以下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备倾向的图像渲染方式，所述终端设备倾向的图像传输方式；
    所述第一通信装置根据所述至少一个QoS确定所述XR业务的第一QoS，包括：所述第一通信装置根据所述至少一个QoS和所述图像处理能力确定所述第一QoS。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一通信装置获取所述终端设备的图像处理能力，包括：
    所述第一通信装置从所述终端设备接收所述图像处理能力。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述图像处理能力不包括所述终端设备支持的图像渲染方式，所述终端设备不支持图像渲染。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一通信装置向所述第二通信装置发送所述第一QoS。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述XR业务的QoS从所述第一QoS变为第二QoS时，所述第一通信装置向所述第二通信装置发送所述XR业务的所述第二QoS。
  8. 根据权利要求2-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一通信装置从所述第二通信装置获取更新后的图像处理参数；
    所述第一通信装置根据所述更新后的图像处理参数更新所述XR业务的QoS，所述图像处理参数包括以下中的一个或多个：图像渲染方式，图像传输方式。
  9. 根据权利要求2-8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述图像渲染方式包括：本地渲染，分布式渲染，云渲染；其中，所述本地渲染是指所述终端设备进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式，所述分布式渲染是指所述终端设备进行图像的部分渲染的渲染方式，所述云渲染是指所述第二通信装置进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式。
  10. 根据权利要求2-9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述图像传输方式包括：基于视角的图像传输，基于非视角的图像传输。
  11. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法适用于第二通信装置，所述第二通信装置为扩展现实XR服务器或XR服务器中的芯片，所述方法包括：
    所述第二通信装置接收请求消息，所述请求消息用于请求XR业务的服务质量QoS，XR设备通过终端设备接收所述XR业务的数据和/或发送所述XR业务的数据；
    所述第二通信装置向第一通信装置发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述XR业务的至少一个QoS，所述第一通信装置为核心网设备或接入网设备。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二通信装置从所述终端设备接收所述终端设备的图像处理能力；其中，所述图像处理能力包括以下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备支持的图像渲染方式，所述终端设备支持的图像传输方式，所述终端设备的图像处理倾向，其中，所述终端设备的图像处理倾向包括以下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备倾向的图像渲染方式，所述终端设备倾向的图像传输方式；
    所述第二通信装置根据所述图像处理能力确定所述XR业务的至少一个QoS和所述至少一个QoS对应的图像处理参数，所述图像处理参数包括以下中的一个或多个：图像渲染方式，图像传输方式。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信息还用于指示所述至少一个QoS对应的图像处理参数。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述图像处理能力不包括所述终端设备支持的图像渲染方式，所述终端设备不支持图像渲染。
  15. 根据权利要求12-14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二通信装置从所述第一通信装置接收为所述XR业务确定的第一QoS；
    所述第二通信装置根据所述第一QoS确定所述第一QoS对应的图像处理参数；
    所述第二通信装置采用所述第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二通信装置向所述终端设备发送所述第一QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个。
  17. 根据权利要求12-16任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述XR业务的QoS从第一QoS变为第二QoS时，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二通信装置从所述第一通信装置接收为所述XR业务确定的第二QoS；
    所述第二通信装置根据所述第二QoS确定是否更新图像处理参数；
    若是，所述第二通信装置根据所述第二QoS确定所述第二QoS对应的图像处理参数；
    所述第二通信装置采用所述第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个处理图像数据。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二通信装置向所述终端设备发送所述第二QoS对应的图像处理参数中的一个或多个。
  19. 根据权利要求12-16任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二通信装置更新使用的所述图像处理参数；
    所述第二通信装置向所述第一通信装置和所述终端设备发送更新后的图像处理参数。
  20. 根据权利要求12-19任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述图像渲染方式包括：本 地渲染，分布式渲染，云渲染；其中，所述本地渲染是指所述终端设备进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式，所述分布式渲染是指所述终端设备进行图像的部分渲染的渲染方式，所述云渲染是指所述第二通信装置进行图像的全部渲染的渲染方式。
  21. 根据权利要求12-20任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述图像传输方式包括：基于视角的图像传输，基于非视角的图像传输。
  22. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求1至10中任一项所述方法的模块。
  23. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求11至21中任一项所述方法的模块。
  24. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器和所述存储器耦合，所述处理器用于实现如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器和所述存储器耦合，所述处理器用于实现如权利要求11至21中任一项所述的方法。
  26. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和接口电路，所述接口电路用于接收来自所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至所述处理器或将来自所述处理器的信号发送给所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置，所述处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法。
  27. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和接口电路，所述接口电路用于接收来自所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至所述处理器或将来自所述处理器的信号发送给所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置，所述处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现如权利要求11至21中任一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求22、24、26中任一项所述的通信装置，和如权利要求23、25、27中任一项所述的通信装置。
  29. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括计算机执行指令，当所述计算机执行指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-10中任一项，或者，如权利要求11-21中任一项所述的方法。
  30. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机执行指令，当所述计算机执行指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-10中任一项，或者，如权利要求11-21中任一项所述的方法。
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