WO2022121728A1 - 传输数据的方法和通信装置 - Google Patents

传输数据的方法和通信装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022121728A1
WO2022121728A1 PCT/CN2021/134200 CN2021134200W WO2022121728A1 WO 2022121728 A1 WO2022121728 A1 WO 2022121728A1 CN 2021134200 W CN2021134200 W CN 2021134200W WO 2022121728 A1 WO2022121728 A1 WO 2022121728A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal
data
data packet
service
indication information
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PCT/CN2021/134200
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
潘奇
黄正磊
倪慧
辛阳
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2022121728A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022121728A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/10—Flow control between communication endpoints
    • H04W28/14—Flow control between communication endpoints using intermediate storage

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication, and more particularly, to a method and a communication device for transmitting data.
  • VR virtual reality
  • VR live video can use a field of view (FoV) transmission scheme for video transmission.
  • the cloud pushes the high-definition media stream within the FoV area and the background media stream of the 360-degree panorama to the terminal according to the viewing angle information of the terminal, and then the terminal decodes and displays it.
  • the terminal no longer needs to decode high-definition video streams of all viewing angles, which can effectively reduce the decoding pressure of the terminal.
  • the present application provides a method and a communication device for transmitting data, by sending public data of multiple terminals accessing the same service to one (or more) terminals accessing the service, and then sending the terminal through a device to a device (device to device) to device, D2D) communication technology sends the received data to one or more other terminals accessing the service, which can achieve the purpose of reducing the transmission pressure of the air interface wireless network.
  • a method for transmitting data comprising: an access network device receiving a first data packet of a first service and a second data packet of the first service from a user plane network element; A terminal sends a first data packet and sends a second data packet to a second terminal.
  • the data in the first data packet is forwarded to the second terminal through the side chain connection between the first terminal and the second terminal, and the data in the first data packet and the data in the second data packet are synthesized at the second terminal Complete business flow data.
  • the first data packet is directed to the first terminal
  • the second data packet is directed to the second terminal.
  • the routing information in the first data packet points to the first terminal
  • the access network device can know the protocol data unit (protocol data unit) corresponding to the first terminal according to the routing information in the first data packet. unit, PDU) session, that is, the first data packet is to be sent to the first terminal, not to other terminals.
  • the routing information of the second data packet points to the second terminal.
  • the access network device can know that the second data packet corresponds to the PDU session corresponding to the second terminal, that is, the second data packet is to be sent to the second terminal. for the second terminal, not to other terminals.
  • the data in the first data packet is public data of the terminal currently accessing the first service through the access network device, wherein the terminal currently accessing the first service through the access network device includes the first terminal and the second terminal .
  • the data in the second data packet is exclusive data of the second terminal.
  • the first service is a media service.
  • the data in the first data packet is background data
  • the data in the second data packet is foreground data
  • the access network device sends the first data packet to the first terminal by sending the first data packet, which is aimed at the first terminal and carries common data (eg, background data) of the first terminal and the second terminal. , and then the first terminal sends the data in the first data packet to the second terminal through D2D communication, which can avoid sending the first
  • the data in the data packet can reduce the pressure of the media service transmission on the air interface wireless network transmission.
  • the method further includes: the access network device receives a third data packet of the first service from the user plane network element; if the data in the third data packet is is background data, and the third data packet is for the second terminal, the access network device discards the third data packet.
  • the access network device can discard the background data for the remote terminal, and only send the background data for the relay terminal to the relay terminal, and then the relay terminal sends the background data to the remote terminal through D2D communication. .
  • the pressure of the media service transmission on the air interface wireless network transmission can be reduced, and the repeated transmission of the same data to the remote terminal can also be avoided.
  • the method further includes: the access network device receives a plurality of first indication information from the session management network element.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the user plane network element receives the data packet of the first service and the session information corresponding to the data packet of the first service received by the user plane network element, and the plurality of first indication information is used for
  • the access network device determines the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the access network device, and the terminals currently accessing the first service through the access network device include the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the access network device can send the first data packet to the first terminal when the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the access network device reaches a certain number, and the first terminal can communicate through D2D The data in the first data packet is sent to the remote terminal of the first terminal.
  • the method before the access network device sends the first data packet to the first terminal, the method further includes: the access network device receives the first data packet from the session management network element 2. Instruction information.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate that the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the access network device is greater than or equal to a preset number, and the terminals currently accessing the first service through the access network device include the first terminal and the first terminal. Two terminals.
  • the access network device can, according to the instruction of the session management network element, send the first data packet to the first terminal when the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the access network device reaches a certain number, and the first data packet is sent to the first terminal.
  • a terminal may send the data in the first data packet to the remote terminal of the first terminal through D2D communication.
  • the method before the access network device sends the first data packet to the first terminal, the method further includes: the access network device determines that the first terminal is used as a relay terminal .
  • the method further includes: the access network device acquires the address information of the first terminal from the session management network element; the access network device sends the address to the second terminal information, the address information is used for the second terminal to receive data in the first data packet from the first terminal.
  • the method further includes: the access network device receives third indication information, where the third indication information is used to instruct the first terminal to leave the first service; the access network The device sends the data packet of the first service to the second terminal according to the third indication information.
  • the access network device can continue to send the data packets of the first service to the second terminal through the wireless resources between the first terminal and the second terminal, so as to avoid the first terminal Away from the first service, the data packets of the first service cannot be transmitted normally.
  • the method further includes: the access network device receives fourth indication information, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the second terminal has disconnected from the first terminal connected, and the second terminal is still accessing the first service; the access network device sends the data packet of the first service to the second terminal according to the fourth indication information.
  • the access network device can use the wireless resources with the second terminal to The second terminal continues to send the data packet of the first service.
  • the method further includes: when the access network device determines that the second terminal enters an idle state or changes services, sending fifth indication information to the first terminal , and the fifth indication information is used to instruct the first terminal to disconnect the side chain connection with the second terminal.
  • the first terminal can disconnect the side chain connection with the second terminal when the second terminal enters an idle state or changes services, which can save communication resources.
  • a method for transmitting data including: a first terminal receiving a first data packet of a first service from an access network device; the first terminal sending data in the first data packet to a second terminal; The first terminal receives the fourth data packet of the first service from the access network device, and the data in the first data packet and the data in the fourth data packet are combined into complete service flow data at the first terminal.
  • both the first data packet and the fourth data packet are directed to the first terminal.
  • the data in the first data packet is public data of the terminal currently accessing the first service through the access network device, wherein the terminal currently accessing the first service through the access network device includes the first terminal and the second terminal .
  • the data in the fourth data packet is exclusive data of the first terminal.
  • the first service is a media service.
  • the data in the first data packet is background data
  • the data in the fourth data packet is foreground data
  • the access network device sends the first data packet to the first terminal by sending the first data packet, which is aimed at the first terminal and carries common data (eg, background data) of the first terminal and the second terminal. , and then the first terminal sends the data in the first data packet to the second terminal through D2D communication, which can avoid sending the data in the first data packet to the second terminal through the air interface wireless network, thereby reducing media service transmission.
  • the pressure of air interface wireless network transmission is aimed at the first terminal and carries common data (eg, background data) of the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the method before the first terminal sends the data in the first data packet to the second terminal, the method further includes: the first terminal receives data from the access network The sixth indication information of the device, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the first service; the first terminal sends a broadcast message, the broadcast message is used to determine the second terminal, the broadcast message includes the sixth indication information, and the second terminal also The fifth indication information from the access network device is received.
  • the method before the first terminal sends the data in the first data packet to the second terminal, the method further includes: the first terminal receives the data from the access network device. sixth indication information, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the first service; the first terminal receives a broadcast message from the second terminal, and the broadcast message includes sixth indication information; the first terminal determines, according to the broadcast message, to communicate with the second terminal Establish sidechain connections.
  • a method for transmitting data comprising: a second terminal receiving first data of a first service from a first terminal; and a second terminal receiving a second data packet of the first service from an access network device , the data in the first data and the data in the second data packet are combined into complete service flow data at the second terminal.
  • the first data is data in a first data packet
  • the first data packet is directed to the first terminal
  • the second data packet is directed to the second terminal.
  • the first data is public data of a terminal currently accessing the first service through the access network device, wherein the terminals currently accessing the first service through the access network device include the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the data in the second data packet is exclusive data of the second terminal.
  • the first service is a media service.
  • the data in the first data packet is background data
  • the data in the second data packet is foreground data
  • the access network device sends the first data packet to the first terminal by sending the first data packet, which is aimed at the first terminal and carries common data (eg, background data) of the first terminal and the second terminal. , and then the first terminal sends the data in the first data packet to the second terminal through D2D communication, which can avoid sending the data in the first data packet to the second terminal through the air interface wireless network, thereby reducing media service transmission.
  • the pressure of air interface wireless network transmission is aimed at the first terminal and carries common data (eg, background data) of the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the method before the second terminal receives the first data of the first service from the first terminal, the method further includes: the second terminal receives data from the access network device The sixth indication information is used to indicate the first service; the second terminal sends a broadcast message, the broadcast message includes the sixth indication information, and the first terminal also receives the first service from the access network device. Six instructions.
  • a method for transmitting data comprising: an access network device receiving a first data packet and a second data packet of a first service from a user plane network element, where the first service is a media service; The access network device sends the first data packet to the first terminal, and the data in the first data packet is forwarded to the second terminal through the side chain connection between the first terminal and the second terminal terminal, wherein the data in the first data packet is background data, and the first data packet is for the first terminal; the access network device discards the second data packet, wherein the The data in the second data packet is background data, and the second data packet is for the second terminal.
  • the background data is the public data of all terminals currently accessing the first service through the access network device.
  • the access network device discards the background data for the second terminal, and only sends the background data for the first terminal to the first terminal, and then the first terminal sends the background data to the first terminal through D2D communication.
  • Sending the data to the remote terminal can avoid repeated transmission of background data through the air interface wireless network for many times, thereby reducing the pressure of media service transmission on the air interface wireless network transmission.
  • the method further includes: receiving, by the access network device, a third data packet of the first service from the user plane network element; the The access network device sends the third data packet to the second terminal, wherein the data in the third data packet is foreground data, and the third data packet is directed to the second terminal.
  • background data can be transmitted through D2D communication, and foreground data can be transmitted through air interface wireless resources.
  • the pressure of background data transmission on air interface wireless network transmission can be reduced, and on the other hand, the transmission delay of foreground data can be reduced.
  • the method further includes: the access network device receiving a plurality of first indication information from the session management network element, where the first indication information is used for Instructing the user plane network element to receive the data packet of the first service and session information corresponding to the data packet of the first service received by the user plane network element, the plurality of first indication information is used for
  • the access network device determines the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the access network device, and the terminals currently accessing the first service through the access network device include the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the access network device can send the first data packet to the first terminal when the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the access network device reaches a certain number, and the first terminal can communicate through D2D
  • the data in the first data packet is sent to the remote terminal (including the second terminal) of the first terminal.
  • the method before the access network device sends the first data packet to the first terminal, the method further includes: the access network device receives data from a Second indication information of the session management network element, where the second indication information is used to indicate that the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the access network device is greater than or equal to a preset number, and the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the access network device is greater than or equal to a preset number,
  • the terminals accessed by the access network device to the first service include the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the access network device can send the first data packet to the first terminal when the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the access network device reaches a certain number according to the instruction of the session management network element, and
  • the data in the first data packet may be sent to the remote terminal of the first terminal in a D2D communication manner.
  • the method before the access network device sends the first data packet to the first terminal, the method further includes: the access network device determines the The first terminal is used as a relay terminal.
  • the method further includes: acquiring, by the access network device, address information of the first terminal from a session management network element; The second terminal sends the address information, where the address information is used for the second terminal to receive data in the first data packet from the first terminal.
  • the method further includes: receiving, by the access network device, third indication information, where the three indication information is used to instruct the first terminal to leave the The first service; the access network device sends the data packet of the first service to the second terminal according to the third indication information.
  • the access network device can continue to send the data packets of the first service to the second terminal through the wireless resources between the first terminal and the second terminal, so as to avoid the first terminal Away from the first service, the data packets of the first service cannot be transmitted normally.
  • the method further includes: receiving, by the access network device, fourth indication information, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the second terminal has been disconnected open the connection with the first terminal, and the second terminal is still accessing the first service; the access network device sends the first service to the second terminal according to the fourth indication information business packets.
  • the access network device can use the wireless resources with the second terminal to The second terminal continues to send the data packet of the first service.
  • the method further includes: in the case that the access network device determines that the second terminal enters an idle state or changes services, sending a message to the first terminal The terminal sends fifth indication information, where the fifth indication information is used to instruct the first terminal to disconnect from the second terminal.
  • the first terminal can disconnect the side chain connection with the second terminal when the second terminal enters an idle state or changes services, which can save communication resources.
  • a fifth aspect provides a method for transmitting data, comprising: a first terminal receiving a first data packet and a fourth data packet of a first service from an access network device, the first service is a media service, the The data in the first data packet is background data, the data in the fourth data packet is foreground data, and both the first data packet and the fourth data packet are for the first terminal; the The first terminal sends the data in the first data packet to the second terminal.
  • the access network device sends the first data packet carrying the background data for the first terminal to the first terminal, and then the first terminal sends the first data packet into the first data packet through D2D communication.
  • Sending the data in the first data packet to the second terminal can avoid sending the data in the first data packet to the second terminal through the air interface wireless network, thereby reducing the pressure of media service transmission on the air interface wireless network transmission.
  • the method before the first terminal sends the data in the first data packet to the second terminal, the method further includes: the first terminal receives sixth indication information from the access network device, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the first service; the first terminal sends a broadcast message, and the broadcast message is used to determine the second terminal, The broadcast message includes the sixth indication information, and the second terminal also receives the sixth indication information from the access network device.
  • the method before the first terminal sends the data in the first data packet to the second terminal, the method further includes: the first terminal receives sixth indication information from the access network device, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the first service; the first terminal receives a broadcast message from the second terminal, where the broadcast message includes all the sixth indication information; the first terminal determines to establish a side chain connection with the second terminal according to the broadcast message.
  • a sixth aspect provides a method for transmitting data, comprising: a second terminal receiving first data of a first service from a first terminal, the first service being a media service, and the first data being the first data data in the packet, the first data is background data, and the first data packet is for the first terminal; the second terminal receives the second data of the first service from the access network device packet, the data in the second data packet is foreground data, and the second data packet is for the second terminal.
  • the access network device sends the first data packet to the first terminal and carries background data to the first terminal, and then the first terminal transmits the first data through D2D communication.
  • Sending the data in the packet to the second terminal can avoid sending the data in the first data packet to the second terminal through the air interface wireless network, thereby reducing the pressure of media service transmission on air interface wireless network transmission.
  • the method before the second terminal receives the first data of the first service from the first terminal, the method further includes: the second terminal receives the first data from the first service sixth indication information of the access network device, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the first service; the second terminal sends a broadcast message, the broadcast message includes the sixth indication information, and, The first terminal also receives the sixth indication information from the access network device.
  • a data transmission method comprising: an access network device receiving a first data packet and a second data packet of a first service from a user plane network element, where the first service is a media service; The access network device sends the first data packet to the first terminal, and the data in the first data packet is forwarded to the second terminal through the side chain connection between the first terminal and the second terminal terminal, wherein the data in the first data packet is data of the target field of view FoV, and the first data packet is for the first terminal; the access network device discards the second data packet, wherein the data in the second data packet is data of the target FoV, and the second data packet is for the second terminal.
  • the access network device discards the data of the FoV for the second terminal, Only the FoV data for the first terminal is sent to the first terminal, and then the first terminal sends it to the remote terminal through the D2D communication mode, which can avoid repeated transmission of the FoV data through the air interface wireless network for many times, Thus, the pressure of media service transmission on air interface wireless network transmission can be reduced.
  • the method before the access network device sends the first data packet to the first terminal, the method further includes: the access network device receives data from a Multiple pieces of first indication information of the session management network element, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the user plane network element receives the data packet of the target FoV and the target FoV received by the user plane network element
  • the session information corresponding to the data packet, the plurality of first indication information is used by the access network device to determine the number of terminals currently accessing the target FoV through the access network device, and the number of terminals currently accessing the target FoV through the access network device.
  • the terminals that the network access device accesses the target FoV include the first terminal and the second terminal; wherein, the access network device sending the first data packet to the first terminal includes: When the number of terminals accessed by the access network device to the target FoV is greater than or equal to a preset number, the access network device sends the first data packet to the first terminal.
  • the access network device can send the first data packet to the first terminal, and the first terminal can use the D2D send the data in the first data packet to the remote terminal of the first terminal.
  • the method before the access network device sends the first data packet to the first terminal, the method further includes: the access network device receives data from a The second indication information of the session management network element, where the second indication information is used to indicate that the number of terminals currently accessing the target FoV through the access network device is greater than or equal to a preset number, and the The terminals of the network access device accessing the target FoV include the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the access network device can send the first data packet to the first terminal, and the access network device can send the first data packet to the first terminal through the access network device.
  • the D2D communication mode sends the data in the first data packet to the remote terminal of the first terminal.
  • the method before the access network device sends the first data packet to the first terminal, the method further includes: the access network device determines the The first terminal is used as a relay terminal.
  • the method further includes: acquiring, by the access network device, address information of the first terminal from a session management network element; The second terminal sends the address information, where the address information is used for the second terminal to receive data in the first data packet from the first terminal.
  • the method further includes: the access network device receiving third indication information, where the three indication information is used to instruct the first terminal to leave the The first service; the access network device sends the data packet of the first service to the second terminal according to the third indication information.
  • the access network device can continue to send the data packets of the first service to the second terminal through the wireless resources between the first terminal and the second terminal, so as to avoid the first terminal Away from the first service, the data packets of the first service cannot be transmitted normally.
  • the method further includes: receiving, by the access network device, fourth indication information, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the second terminal has been disconnected open the connection with the first terminal, and the second terminal is still accessing the first service; the access network device sends the first service to the second terminal according to the fourth indication information business packets.
  • the access network device can use the wireless resources with the second terminal to The second terminal continues to send the data packet of the first service.
  • the method further includes: in the case that the access network device determines that the second terminal enters an idle state or changes a service, sending a message to the first terminal The terminal sends fifth indication information, where the fifth indication information is used to instruct the first terminal to disconnect the side chain connection with the second terminal.
  • the first terminal can disconnect the side chain connection with the second terminal when the second terminal enters an idle state or changes services, which can save communication resources.
  • a method for transmitting data comprising: a first terminal receiving a first data packet of a target field of view FoV of a first service from an access network device, where the first service is a media service, so The first data packet is for the first terminal; the first terminal sends the data in the first data packet to the second terminal.
  • the access network device discards the data of the FoV for the remote terminal, and only transfers the data of the FoV for the relay terminal to the same FoV.
  • the data is sent to the relay terminal, and then the relay terminal sends it to the remote terminal through the D2D communication method, which can avoid repeated transmission of the FoV data through the air interface wireless network for many times, thereby reducing the media service transmission to the air interface wireless network. transmission pressure.
  • the method before the first terminal sends the data in the first data packet to the second terminal, the method further includes: the first terminal receiving Sixth indication information from the access network device, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the target FoV; the first terminal sends a broadcast message, the broadcast message is used to determine the second terminal, the The broadcast message includes the sixth indication information, and the second terminal also receives the sixth indication information from the access network device.
  • the method before the first terminal sends the data in the first data packet to the second terminal, the method further includes: the first terminal receiving sixth indication information from the access network device, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the target FoV; the first terminal receives a broadcast message from the second terminal, and the broadcast message includes the Sixth indication information: the first terminal determines to establish a side chain connection with the second terminal according to the broadcast message.
  • a method for transmitting data comprising: a second terminal receiving first data of a first service from a first terminal, the first service being a media service, and the first data being the first data
  • the data in the package, the first data is the data of the target field of view FoV, and the first data package is for the first terminal.
  • the access network device discards the data of the FoV for the remote terminal, and only transfers the data of the FoV for the relay terminal to the same FoV.
  • the data is sent to the relay terminal, and then the relay terminal sends it to the remote terminal through the D2D communication method, which can avoid repeated transmission of the FoV data through the air interface wireless network for many times, thereby reducing the media service transmission to the air interface wireless network. transmission pressure.
  • the method before the second terminal receives the first data of the first service from the first terminal, the method further includes: the second terminal receives the first data from the first terminal. sixth indication information of the access network device, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the target FoV; the second terminal sends a broadcast message, the broadcast message includes the sixth indication information, and the The first terminal also receives the sixth indication information from the access network device.
  • a communication apparatus including each module or unit for performing the method in the first aspect to the ninth aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the ninth aspect.
  • an apparatus including a processor.
  • the processor is coupled to the memory and can be used to execute instructions in the memory, so that the apparatus performs the method of the first aspect to the ninth aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect to the ninth aspect.
  • the apparatus further includes a memory.
  • the apparatus further includes an interface circuit, and the processor is coupled to the interface circuit.
  • a twelfth aspect provides a processor including: an input circuit, an output circuit and a processing circuit.
  • the processing circuit is configured to receive a signal through the input circuit and transmit a signal through the output circuit, so that the processor executes the method of the first aspect to the ninth aspect or any one of possible implementations of the first aspect to the ninth aspect .
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a chip
  • the input circuit may be an input pin
  • the output circuit may be an output pin
  • the processing circuit may be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, and various logic circuits.
  • the input signal received by the input circuit may be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver
  • the signal output by the output circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, output to and transmitted by a transmitter
  • the circuit can be the same circuit that acts as an input circuit and an output circuit at different times.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific implementation manners of the processor and various circuits.
  • a thirteenth aspect provides a processing apparatus including a processor and a memory.
  • the processor is configured to read the instructions stored in the memory, and can receive signals through the receiver and transmit signals through the transmitter, so as to execute the first aspect to the ninth aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the ninth aspect method in .
  • the processor is one or more, and the memory is one or more.
  • the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory may be provided separately from the processor.
  • the memory can be a non-transitory memory, such as a read only memory (ROM), which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or can be separately set in different On the chip, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the memory and the setting manner of the memory and the processor.
  • ROM read only memory
  • the processing device in the thirteenth aspect above may be a chip, and the processor may be implemented by hardware or software.
  • the processor When implemented by hardware, the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc.; when implemented by software
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, which is implemented by reading software codes stored in a memory, and the memory may be integrated in the processor or located outside the processor and exist independently.
  • a fourteenth aspect provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising: a computer program (also referred to as code, or instructions), which, when the computer program is executed, causes the computer to execute the above-mentioned first to ninth aspects Aspect or the method of any one of the possible implementations of the first to ninth aspects.
  • a computer program also referred to as code, or instructions
  • a computer-readable medium stores a computer program (also referred to as code, or instruction), when it runs on a computer, causing the computer to execute the above-mentioned first to sixth aspects
  • a computer program also referred to as code, or instruction
  • a sixteenth aspect provides a communication system, including the access network device in the first aspect, the fourth aspect or the seventh aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of VR video transmission based on the FoV transmission scheme
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another communication system provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another method for transmitting data provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a method for establishing a side chain connection provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of another method for establishing a side chain connection provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting data provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of an access network device provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus provided by the present application.
  • VR live video includes the following two transmission schemes depending on whether to transmit full-view full content:
  • FoV transmission scheme The cloud pushes the high-definition media stream within the FoV area and the low-quality background media stream of the 360-degree panorama to the terminal according to the terminal perspective information, and then the terminal decodes and displays it. In this way, the situation of stuck and "black border” caused by the user's angle changing too quickly can be avoided, and the terminal no longer needs to decode the high-definition video stream of all viewing angles, which can effectively reduce the decoding pressure of the terminal.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of VR video transmission based on the FoV transmission scheme.
  • multiple users such as Terminal 1 and Terminal 2 shown in the figure
  • they will transmit a 360-degree (or 180-degree) panoramic background stream containing all viewing angles, and the current Foreground flow within the perspective.
  • the present application provides a method for transmitting data, by sending public data (for example, background data) of multiple terminals accessing the same service to one (or more) terminals accessing the service, Then, the terminal sends the data it receives to one or more other terminals accessing the service through the device to device (D2D) communication technology, which can avoid the transmission of wireless resources through the air interface and reduce the transmission pressure of the air interface wireless network.
  • public data for example, background data
  • D2D device to device
  • D2D communication is also sometimes referred to as proximity services (proximity-based services, ProSe) communication.
  • ProSe proximity-based services
  • a communication link can be directly established by a terminal in the vicinity, instead of forwarding communication through an access network device.
  • the direct connection communication interface between the two terminals with the D2D communication function may be called the PC5 interface, so the D2D communication may also be called the PC5 communication.
  • a direct communication link between two terminals with a D2D communication function is defined as a sidelink (SL), which may also be referred to as a sidelink, a sidechain connection, a PC5 link or a PC5 connection.
  • SL sidelink
  • background stream, background data, background media stream, low-quality picture, and low-resolution data have the same meaning, and are collectively referred to as background data hereinafter.
  • foreground stream, foreground data, foreground media stream, high-definition picture, and high-resolution data have the same meaning, and are collectively referred to as foreground data hereinafter.
  • Background data and foreground data are relative concepts. Background data can refer to the public data (or shared data) of multiple terminals that access the same service in the FoV transmission scheme. Terminal proprietary data. However, it should be understood that in a scenario where multiple terminals access the same FoV of the same service, that is, in a scenario where multiple terminals request data of the same FoV of the same service, the foreground data of the multiple terminals are the same.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • 5th generation, 5G new radio
  • new radio new radio, NR
  • FIG. 2 shows an architecture diagram of a communication system that can be applied to the present application.
  • the communication system may include one or more of the following network elements: terminal 101 (eg, terminal 101A and/or terminal 101B), access network device 102, user plane network element 103, and data network 104 , an access and mobility management network element 105 , a session management network element 106 , a policy control network element 107 , an application network element 108 , a unified data management network element 109 and a network opening network element 110 .
  • Terminal 101 may be user equipment (UE), terminal equipment, user, access terminal, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless Communication equipment, user agent or user equipment.
  • UE user equipment
  • terminal equipment user, access terminal, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless Communication equipment, user agent or user equipment.
  • it can be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (pad), a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, an industrial control (industrial control) wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, wireless terminals in transportation safety, Wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, etc.
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • industrial control industrial control
  • the VR terminal device can be PC-side VR, all-in-one VR, or mobile-side head-mounted display (also called mobile VR).
  • the terminal 101 may also be an apparatus or a circuit structure provided in the above-mentioned various devices, for example, a chip or a chip system.
  • the terminal 101A and the terminal 101B can support D2D communication, and the terminal 101A and the terminal 101B can communicate through the PC5 interface.
  • the terminal 101A may be called a remote terminal (also called a Relay UE), and the terminal 101B may be called a relay terminal (also called a Remote UE).
  • the relay terminal can provide relay services for the remote terminal.
  • the end terminal can be connected to the access network equipment through the relay terminal.
  • Access network equipment 102 capable of managing wireless resources, providing access services for terminals, and then completing the forwarding of control signals and user data between the terminal and the core network.
  • the interface between the access network device 102 and the terminal (for example, the terminal 101B) may be called a Uu port, and communication between the access network device 102 and the terminal 101B may be performed through the Uu port.
  • communication between the access network device 102 and the terminal 101A may also be performed through the Uu port.
  • the access network device 102 may be a transmission reception point (transmission reception point, TRP), an evolved base station (evolved NodeB, eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, a home base station (eg, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB) , base band unit (BBU), wireless controller, relay station, access point, in-vehicle device, wearable device, 5G mobile communication system in the scenario of cloud radio access network (CRAN) Next generation NodeB (gNB), access network element, access point (AP), etc. in the future evolution of the public land mobile network (PLMN) network.
  • TRP transmission reception point
  • eNB evolved NodeB
  • eNodeB evolved NodeB
  • HNB home evolved NodeB
  • BBU base band unit
  • wireless controller relay station
  • access point in-vehicle device
  • gNB Next generation NodeB
  • AP access point
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • User plane network element 103 mainly responsible for data packet routing and forwarding.
  • Data network 104 may be operator services, Internet access or third-party services, such as IP Multi-media Service (IMS), Internet, and the like.
  • the data network 104 may include an application server (AS), which is a software framework that provides an environment in which applications run, providing security, data, transaction support, load balancing, and large-scale distributed system management for applications.
  • AS application server
  • the terminal obtains the application message by communicating with the AS.
  • Access and mobility management network element 105 mainly responsible for mobility management in the mobile network, such as user location update, user registration in the network, user handover, and the like.
  • Session management network element 106 mainly responsible for session management in the mobile network, such as session establishment, modification, and release. Specific functions include assigning IP addresses to users and selecting user plane NEs that provide packet forwarding functions.
  • Policy control network element 107 responsible for providing policies to access and mobility management network elements and session management network elements, such as quality of service (quality of service, QoS) policies, slice selection policies, and the like.
  • quality of service quality of service, QoS
  • slice selection policies and the like.
  • Application network element 108 responsible for providing services to the 3GPP network, interacting with the policy control network element to perform policy control, and the like.
  • Unified data management network element 109 used to store user data, such as subscription information and authentication/authorization information.
  • Network opening network element 110 Provides a framework, authentication, and interface related to network capability opening, and transfers information between the 5G system network function and other network functions.
  • the communication system shown in FIG. 2 may be the 5G system shown in FIG. 3 . It should be understood that the system shown in FIG. 1 may also be a 4G system or other systems (such as a 6G system, etc.), which is not limited in this application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a 5G system architecture.
  • the network elements with the same reference numerals in FIG. 2 are the names of the corresponding network elements in FIG. 2 in the current 5G system.
  • the 5G system architecture may include one or more of the following network elements: UE 101 (eg, UE 101A and/or UE 101B), (radio) access network ((R)AN) 102 , user plane function (UPF) 103, data network (DN) 104, access and mobility management function (access and mobility management function, AMF) 105, session management function (session management function, SMF) ) 106, a policy control function (PCF) 107, an application function (AF) 108, a unified data management (UDM) 109, and a network exposure function (network exposure function) 110.
  • UE 101 eg, UE 101A and/or UE 101B
  • R radio access network
  • UPF user plane function
  • DN data network
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • each network element shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 may be either hardware devices or chips, or software functions running on dedicated hardware, or virtualization instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform). Function.
  • some network elements in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 may be deployed at the same location (eg, on the same hardware device or software function), or may be deployed separately, which is not limited in this application.
  • each network element shown in FIG. 3 is only a name, and the name does not limit the function of the network element itself.
  • the foregoing network elements may also have other names, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • some or all of the above-mentioned network elements may use the terminology in 5G, or may have other names.
  • the interface between network elements shown in FIG. 3 is only an example. In 5G networks and other future networks, the interface between network elements may not be the interface shown in the figure, and this application does not make any limited.
  • a communication system to which the present application may be applied may include more or less network elements or devices.
  • the first terminal in the method described below may correspond to the terminal 101A in FIG. 2 or the UE 101A in FIG. 3
  • the second terminal may correspond to the terminal 101B in FIG. 2 or the UE 101B in FIG. 3 .
  • AF application network element
  • AS policy control network element
  • SMF session management network element
  • access and mobility management network element an access network element. Substitute network equipment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting data provided by the present application.
  • the method 400 mainly includes S410, S420, S430 and S440. Each step in the method 400 will be described below.
  • the UPF sends the first data packet of the first service and the second data packet of the first service to the RAN. Accordingly, the RAN receives the first data packet and the second data packet from the UPF.
  • the first service may be a media service, which is not limited in this application.
  • the sequence in which the UPF sends the first data packet and the second data packet may be determined by the sequence in which the UPF receives the first data packet and the second data packet. For example, if the UPF receives the first data packet first, and then receives the second data packet, the UPF may send the first data packet to the RAN first, and then send the second data packet. For another example, if the UPF receives the first data packet and the second data packet at the same time or almost at the same time, the UPF may send the first data packet and the second data packet to the RAN at the same or almost the same time.
  • the first data packet is directed to the first terminal, and the second data packet is directed to the second terminal.
  • the meaning here is that the routing information in the first data packet points to the first terminal, and the RAN can know that the first data packet belongs to (or corresponds to) the first terminal according to the routing information in the first data packet, such as IP address, port, etc.
  • the corresponding PDU session that is, the first data packet is to be sent to the first terminal, not to other terminals.
  • the routing information of the second data packet points to the second terminal.
  • the RAN can know that the second data packet belongs to the PDU session corresponding to the second terminal, that is, the second data packet belongs to the PDU session corresponding to the second terminal.
  • the packet is to be sent to the second terminal, not to other terminals.
  • the data in the first data packet is common data of the first terminal and the second terminal
  • the data in the second data packet is private data of the second terminal.
  • the data in the first data packet and the data in the second data packet may be combined into complete service flow data at the second terminal.
  • the data in the first data packet and the data in the second data packet may be synthesized at the second terminal to synthesize complete media stream data, that is, the second terminal may combine the data in the first data packet and the data in the second data packet The data is synthesized into a complete data stream and played.
  • the data in the first data packet may be background data
  • the data in the second data packet may be foreground data
  • the method may further include:
  • the UPF sends multiple pieces of first indication information to the SMF; the SMF determines, according to the pieces of first indication information, whether the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number; if the determination result is yes , the SMF sends the second indication information to the RAN.
  • the first indication information may indicate that the UPF has received the data packet of the first service (or the UPF has received the first data packet of the first service, or the UPF has received the data packet of the first service), and the UPF has received the data packet of the first service.
  • the session information may be an N4 session identifier or a PDU session identifier or the like.
  • the second indication information may indicate that the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • the UPF may send the first indication information to the SMF.
  • the SMF can determine in which PDU session the UPF received the data packet of the first service, which is equivalent to determining which terminal is accessing the first service. In this way, the SMF can determine how many terminals currently access the first service under the UPF service according to all the currently received first indication information, thereby further specifying the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN. If the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to the preset number, the SMF may send the second indication information to the AMF, and the AMF forwards the second indication information to the RAN.
  • the RAN may learn, according to the second indication information, that the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • the UPF may send the first indication information to the SMF after receiving the first data packet .
  • the UPF may also send the first indication information to the SMF after receiving the second data packet.
  • the SMF sends the second indication information to the RAN, then, if the SMF is based on the received If the plurality of first indication information determines that the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is N+1, the second indication information may be sent to the RAN through the AMF. Assuming that the preset number is N, and it is stipulated that if the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is equal to N, the SMF can send the second indication information to the RAN through the AMF. If the information determines that the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is N, the second indication information may be sent to the RAN through the AMF.
  • the method may further include:
  • the UPF sends multiple pieces of first indication information to the SMF; the SMF sends the multiple pieces of first indication information to the RAN; the RAN determines the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN according to the pieces of first indication information Is greater than or equal to the preset amount.
  • the meaning of the first indication information is the same as in the foregoing.
  • the UPF may send the first indication information to the SMF, and the SMF forwards the first indication information to the RAN through the AMF. For example, if the first data packet is the first data packet of the first service received by the UPF in the PDU session corresponding to the first terminal, the UPF may send the first indication information to the SMF after receiving the first data packet , the SMF sends the first indication information to the RAN through the AMF.
  • the UPF may also send the first indication information to the SMF after receiving the second data packet,
  • the SMF sends the first indication information to the RAN through the AMF.
  • the RAN can determine the number of terminal devices accessing the first service through the RAN according to the plurality of received first indication information, so as to determine whether the current number of terminals accessing the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • the present application does not limit the sequence in which the UPF sends the first indication information and sends the first data packet of the first service. For example, taking the first data packet as the first data packet of the first service as an example, the UPF may first send the first data packet to the RAN, or may first send the first indication information to the SMF, or the UPF may simultaneously send the first data packet to the SMF. Indication information and the first data packet.
  • the data packet of the first service sent by the UPF to the RAN may carry first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the data packet is a data packet of the first service.
  • both the first data packet and the second data packet may carry the first indication information.
  • the RAN After the RAN receives a data packet, it can determine whether the data packet is a data packet of the first service, and can know which PDU session the data packet corresponds to according to the corresponding tunnel identifier (such as IP address, port number) of the PDU session, that is, Which terminal corresponds to. Thus, the RAN can determine the number of terminal devices accessing the first service, and whether the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • S420 and S430 may be performed when the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to the preset number. Alternatively, the execution of S420 and S430 does not depend on whether the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • the RAN sends the first data packet to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal receives the first data packet from the RAN.
  • the first terminal sends the data in the first data packet (denoted as: first data) to the second terminal through the side chain connection between the first terminal and the second terminal. Accordingly, the second terminal receives the first data from the first terminal through the side chain connection between it and the first terminal.
  • the first terminal and the second terminal are both terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN.
  • the RAN may send the first data packet to the first terminal through an air interface connection (eg, Uu interface) with the first terminal.
  • the first terminal can obtain data (payload) in the first data packet, that is, the first data.
  • the first terminal can save the data in the first data packet for local use, and on the other hand, can send the data in the first data packet to the second terminal through the side chain connection between it and the second terminal , that is, the first terminal can send the data in the first data packet to the second terminal through D2D communication.
  • the first terminal is a relay terminal of the second terminal
  • the second terminal is a remote terminal of the first terminal.
  • the remote terminal of the first terminal may include only the second terminal, or may include multiple terminals, the multiple terminals include the second terminal, and the multiple terminals currently access the first service through the RAN. If the remote terminal of the first terminal includes multiple terminals, the first terminal may respectively send data in the first data packet to the multiple terminals through the side chain connection with the multiple terminals.
  • a terminal serving as a relay that is, a relay terminal, may include only the first terminal, or may include multiple terminals, wherein the multiple terminals include the first terminal.
  • steps S420 and S430 may be performed for each relay terminal. For example, if the RAN receives a data packet for a third terminal serving as a relay terminal, the RAN can send the data packet to the third terminal, and the third terminal can send the data in the data packet to its remote terminal.
  • the method may further include:
  • the RAN determines the first terminal as a relay terminal; the first terminal and the second terminal establish a side chain connection; and the RAN configures communication resources corresponding to the side chain between the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the RAN may trigger the relay discovery and selection process of the terminal currently accessing the first service through the RAN. For example, the RAN may first determine one or more relay terminals from terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN, where the one or more relay terminals include the first terminal. For example, the RAN may select a terminal (eg, the first terminal) as the relay terminal according to the network status and/or location information with the terminal currently accessing the first service through the RAN. Then, the relay terminal establishes a side chain connection with the remote terminal. For example, the first terminal establishes a side chain connection with its corresponding remote terminal (including the second terminal), and the RAN configures the side chain connection between the relay terminal and the remote terminal.
  • the relay terminal establishes a side chain connection with its corresponding remote terminal (including the second terminal)
  • the communication resource corresponding to the chain is used for communication between the relay terminal and the remote terminal.
  • the relay terminal (such as the first terminal) may inform the RAN side of information of its corresponding remote terminal (such as the second terminal), such as the identifier of the remote terminal.
  • the remote terminal (such as the second terminal) may inform the RAN side that its identity is the remote terminal and information of its corresponding relay terminal (such as the first terminal), such as the identifier of the relay terminal.
  • the relay terminal may notify the RAN side of the information of its corresponding remote terminal through the RRC message or the PDCP layer of the uplink data packet.
  • the remote terminal can inform the RAN side that its identity is the remote terminal and its corresponding relay terminal through the RRC message or the PDCP layer of the uplink data packet.
  • the identifier of the relay terminal or the identifier of the remote terminal may be any piece of information that can uniquely identify the terminal, and the specific form thereof is not limited in this application.
  • S411 to S413 may be performed when the number of terminals currently accessing the media service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • the method may further include:
  • the RAN obtains the address information of the first terminal from the SMF; the RAN sends the address information to the second terminal.
  • the address information is used for the second terminal to receive data in the first data packet sent from the first terminal.
  • the RAN may request the SMF for address information of the second terminal, such as IP address information.
  • the SMF returns the address information of the first terminal according to the request of the RAN
  • the RAN may send the address information to the first terminal, and subsequently the first terminal may send the data in the first data packet to the second terminal according to the address information.
  • the address information sent by the RAN to the first terminal may be carried in an RRC message or in a PDCP layer of a downlink data packet (eg, the first data packet).
  • S421 may be executed before S420, or may be executed after S420 and before S430.
  • the RAN sends the second data packet to the second terminal.
  • the second terminal receives the second data packet from the RAN.
  • the RAN may send the second data packet to the second terminal through an air interface connection (eg, Uu interface) with the second terminal.
  • an air interface connection eg, Uu interface
  • the second terminal can obtain data (payload) in the second data packet.
  • the second terminal can obtain complete service flow data by combining the data in the first data packet and the data in the second data packet.
  • the data in the first data packet is background data
  • the data in the second data packet is foreground data. That is, when the data in the first data packet is background data, the RAN sends the first data packet to the first terminal, and the first terminal sends the second terminal to the second terminal through the side chain connection between it and the second terminal Send the data in the first data packet.
  • the RAN sends the second data packet to the second terminal.
  • the RAN sends the first data packet to the first terminal, which is aimed at the first terminal and carries common data (for example, background data) of the first terminal and the second terminal, and then sends the first data packet to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal sends the data in the first data packet to the second terminal through the D2D communication mode, which can avoid sending the data in the first data packet to the second terminal through the air interface wireless network, thereby reducing the impact of media service transmission on the air interface wireless network. transmission pressure.
  • the method may also include:
  • the UPF sends the third data packet of the first service to the RAN. Accordingly, the RAN receives the third data packet from the UPF.
  • the RAN discards the third data packet.
  • S460 may be performed when the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • the RAN can discard the background data for the remote terminal, and only send the background data for the relay terminal to the relay terminal, and then the relay terminal sends the background data to the remote terminal through D2D communication. In this way, the pressure of the media service transmission on the air interface wireless network transmission can be reduced, and the repeated transmission of the same data to the remote terminal can also be avoided.
  • the UPF may carry identification information in the data packet, where the identification information is used to indicate whether the data in the data packet is background data or foreground data.
  • the RAN can determine whether the data in the data packet is background data or foreground data according to the identification information.
  • the first data packet may carry first identification information, and the first identification information is used to indicate that the data in the first data packet is background data or not foreground data.
  • the third data packet may also carry first identification information, where the first identification information is used to indicate that the data in the third data packet is background data or not foreground data.
  • the second data packet may carry second identification information, and the second identification information is used to indicate that the data in the second data packet is foreground data or not background data.
  • the UPF may determine whether the data in the data packet is background data or foreground data according to the indication information #2 carried in the received data packet (eg, the first data packet or the second data packet, etc.). Further, identification information may be added to the data packet.
  • the AS may carry indication information #2 in the data packet.
  • the AS may carry indication information #2 in the header of the data packet, and the indication information #2 is used to indicate whether the data packet is background data or foreground data.
  • the indication information #2 may be in the IP or TCP header information of the data packet, such as the option extension field of the IP/TCP header, or the DSCP field of IPv4.
  • the UPF can determine whether the data in the data packet is background data or foreground data according to the indication information #2, and then add identification information to the data packet.
  • the UPF may add identification information in the GPRS tunneling protocol (GPRS tunneling protocol, GTP) layer of the data packet.
  • GPRS tunneling protocol GPRS tunneling protocol, GTP
  • the UPF adds the first identification information or the second identification information to the data packet can be informed by the SMF.
  • the RAN can determine whether the data in the data packet is background data or foreground data by analyzing the data packet. For example, the RAN can determine that the data in the first data packet is background data by analyzing the first data packet, determine that the data in the second data packet is foreground data by analyzing the second data packet, and determine the data in the second data packet by analyzing the third data packet.
  • the data in the third data packet is background data.
  • the RAN can determine whether the data in a data packet is background data or whether it is foreground data. Therefore, the RAN can only send the background data for the relay terminal to the relay terminal, and then the relay terminal sends the background data to the remote terminal through D2D communication, and discards the background data for the remote terminal.
  • the method may also include:
  • the UPF sends the fourth data packet of the first service to the RAN. Accordingly, the RAN receives the fourth data packet from the UPF.
  • the RAN sends a fourth data packet to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal receives the fourth data packet from the RAN.
  • the fourth data packet is for the first terminal, and the data in the fourth data packet is proprietary data of the first terminal, for example, the data in the first data packet and the data in the fourth data packet can be in the first
  • the complete service flow data is synthesized at the terminal.
  • the data in the fourth data packet is foreground data.
  • the method may further include: the AF/AS sends media stream indication information and stream description information to the PCF; the PCF determines the policy and calculation according to the media stream indication information and the stream description information.
  • Charge control (policy and charging control, PCC) rules and send the PCC rules and media stream indication information to SMF; SMF generates corresponding packet detection rules (packet detection rule, PDR) according to the media stream indication information and PCC rules; SMF; Send the PDR to the UPF.
  • the flow description information is used to describe the data characteristics of the first service.
  • the flow description information may include one or more of the following: the IP address of the server, the transport layer port of the server, and the transport layer protocol type.
  • the media stream indication information is used to instruct the SMF to count the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN, and instruct the RAN side to determine when the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to the preset number first terminal.
  • the PDR is used for UPF to perform packet detection, and identifies whether the service currently accessed by the terminal device is the first service according to the packet detection rule.
  • the UPF can determine whether the service currently accessed by the terminal device is the first service according to the PDR, so that when the service currently accessed by the terminal device is the first service, the UPF can send the first indication information to the SMF to instruct the UPF to receive the first service. to the data packet of the first service.
  • the AF/AS may also send identification information to the PCF, which is sent to the UPF side via the PCF and SMF, and the UPF can specifically determine whether the data in the data packet of the first service is background data or foreground data according to the identification information.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another method for transmitting data provided by the present application.
  • the method 500 mainly includes S510, S520, S530 and S540. Each step in the method 500 will be described below.
  • the UPF sends the first data packet and the second data packet of the first service to the RAN. Accordingly, the RAN receives the first data packet and the second data packet from the UPF.
  • the first service may be a media service.
  • the sequence in which the UPF sends the first data packet and the second data packet may be determined by the sequence in which the UPF receives the first data packet and the second data packet. For example, if the UPF receives the first data packet first, and then receives the second data packet, the UPF may send the first data packet to the RAN first, and then send the second data packet. For another example, if the UPF receives the first data packet and the second data packet at the same time or almost at the same time, the UPF may send the first data packet and the second data packet to the RAN at the same or almost the same time.
  • the first data packet is directed to the first terminal
  • the second data packet is directed to the second terminal.
  • the method may further include:
  • the UPF sends multiple pieces of first indication information to the SMF; the SMF determines whether the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number according to the multiple pieces of first indication information; if the determination result is yes , the SMF sends the second indication information to the RAN.
  • the first indication information may indicate that the UPF has received the data packet of the first service (or the UPF has received the first data packet of the first service, or the UPF has received the data packet of the first service), and the UPF has received the data packet of the first service. Session information corresponding to the received data packet of the first service.
  • the session information may be a PDU session identifier or a tunnel identifier (eg, IP address and/or port number, etc.) corresponding to the PDU session, and the like.
  • the second indication information may indicate that the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • Steps S501a to S503a are the same as steps 401a to S403a in the method 400 in the foregoing description. For details, reference may be made to steps 401a to S403a, which will not be repeated here.
  • the method may further include:
  • the UPF sends multiple pieces of first indication information to the SMF; the SMF sends the multiple pieces of first indication information to the RAN; the RAN determines the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN according to the pieces of first indication information Is greater than or equal to the preset amount.
  • the meaning of the first indication information is the same as in the foregoing.
  • Steps S501b to S503b are the same as steps 401b to S403b in the method 400 in the foregoing description. For details, reference may be made to steps 401b to S403b, which will not be repeated here.
  • the data packet of the first service sent by the UPF to the RAN may carry first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the data packet is a data packet of the first service.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the data packet is a data packet of the first service.
  • both the first data packet and the second data packet may carry the first indication information.
  • the RAN can determine whether the data packet is a data packet of the first service, and can know which PDU session the data packet corresponds to according to the tunnel port address information (such as IP address and port number) of the corresponding PDU session , and then specify which terminal it corresponds to.
  • the RAN can determine the number of terminal devices accessing the first service, and whether the number of terminals currently accessing a certain perspective of the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • S520 and S530 may be performed when the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number. Alternatively, the execution of S520 and S530 does not depend on whether the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • the RAN sends the first data packet to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal receives the first data packet from the RAN.
  • the data in the first data packet is background data.
  • the RAN determines whether the data in the first data packet is background data or whether it is foreground data, and if the data in the first data packet is background data, the RAN sends the first data packet to the first terminal.
  • the first data packet and the second data packet may carry identification information, and the RAN may determine whether the data in the first data packet is background data or whether it is background data according to the identification information in the first data packet.
  • the RAN may determine whether the data in the first data packet is background data or whether it is background data according to the identification information in the first data packet.
  • For foreground data whether the data in the second data packet is background data or whether it is foreground data is determined according to the identification information in the second data packet.
  • the first data packet may carry first identification information
  • the RAN may determine, according to the first identification information, that the data in the first data packet is background data or not foreground data.
  • the RAN may determine whether the data in the first data packet is background data or whether it is foreground data by analyzing the first data packet.
  • the RAN can determine whether the data in the second data packet is background data or whether it is foreground data by parsing the second data packet.
  • S520 may be performed when the number of terminals currently accessing the media service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • the first terminal sends the data in the first data packet (denoted as first data) to the second terminal through the side chain connection with the second terminal. Accordingly, the second terminal receives the first data from the first terminal through the side chain connection between it and the first terminal.
  • Both the first terminal and the second terminal are terminals currently accessing the media service through the RAN.
  • the RAN may send the first data packet to the first terminal through an air interface connection (eg, Uu interface) with the first terminal.
  • the first terminal can obtain data (payload) in the first data packet.
  • the first terminal can save the data in the first data packet for local use, and on the other hand, can send the data in the first data packet to the second terminal through the side chain connection between it and the second terminal , that is, the first terminal can send the data in the first data packet to the second terminal through D2D communication.
  • the first terminal is a relay terminal of the second terminal
  • the second terminal is a remote terminal of the first terminal.
  • the remote terminal of the first terminal may include only the second terminal, or may include multiple terminals, the multiple terminals include the second terminal, and the multiple terminals currently access the first service through the RAN. If the remote terminal of the first terminal includes multiple terminals, the first terminal may respectively send data in the first data packet to the multiple terminals through the side chain connection with the multiple terminals.
  • a terminal serving as a relay that is, a relay terminal, may include only the first terminal, or may include multiple terminals, wherein the multiple terminals include the first terminal.
  • Similar operations to step S530 may be performed for each relay terminal. For example, if the RAN receives a data packet for a third terminal serving as a relay terminal, the RAN can send the data packet to the third terminal, and the third terminal can send the data in the data packet to its remote terminal.
  • the RAN discards the second data packet.
  • the data in the second data packet is background data.
  • the RAN determines whether the data in the second data packet is background data or foreground data, and if the data in the second data packet is background data, the second data packet is discarded.
  • the second data packet may carry identification information, and the RAN may determine whether the data in the second data packet is background data or foreground data according to the identification information in the second data packet.
  • the RAN may determine whether the data in the second data packet is background data or whether it is foreground data by parsing the second data packet.
  • the RAN discards the background data for the remote terminal, and only sends the background data for the relay terminal to the relay terminal, and then the relay terminal sends the background data to the relay terminal through D2D communication.
  • the remote terminal can avoid repeatedly transmitting background data through the air interface wireless network for many times, thereby reducing the pressure of media service transmission on the air interface wireless network transmission.
  • the method may further include:
  • the RAN determines the first terminal as a relay terminal; the first terminal and the second terminal establish a side chain connection; and the RAN configures communication resources corresponding to the side chain between the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • Steps S511 to S513 are the same as steps S411 to S413 in the foregoing method 400 , for details, reference may be made to S411 to S413 , which will not be repeated here.
  • S511 may be performed when the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • the method may further include:
  • the RAN obtains the address information of the first terminal from the SMF; the RAN sends the address information to the second terminal.
  • the address information is used for the second terminal to receive data in the first data packet sent from the first terminal.
  • Steps S521-S523 are the same as steps S421-S422 in the foregoing method 400, and details can be referred to S421-S422, which will not be repeated here.
  • S521 may be performed after S520 and before S530.
  • the method may also include:
  • the UPF sends the third data packet of the first service to the RAN. Accordingly, the RAN receives the third data packet from the UPF.
  • the RAN sends a third data packet to the second terminal.
  • the second terminal receives the third data packet from the RAN.
  • the data in the third data packet is foreground data
  • the third data packet is for the second terminal
  • the RAN After the RAN receives the third data packet, if it is determined that the third data packet is for the second terminal, and the data in the third data packet is foreground data, it can be connected to the second terminal through the air interface (for example, Uu port) sends the second data packet to the second terminal.
  • the air interface For example, Uu port
  • the second terminal can obtain data (payload) in the third data packet. Further, the second terminal can obtain complete media stream data by combining the data in the first data packet and the data in the third data packet.
  • background data can be transmitted through D2D communication, and foreground data can be transmitted through air interface wireless resources.
  • the pressure of media service transmission on air interface wireless network transmission can be reduced, and on the other hand, transmission delay can be reduced.
  • the method may also include:
  • the UPF sends the fourth data packet of the first service to the RAN. Accordingly, the RAN receives the fourth data packet from the UPF.
  • the RAN sends a fourth data packet to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal receives the fourth data packet from the RAN.
  • the fourth data packet is for the first terminal, and the data in the fourth data packet is foreground data.
  • the method may further include: the AF/AS sends media stream indication information and stream description information to the PCF; the PCF determines the policy and calculation according to the media stream indication information and the stream description information; Charge control (policy and charging control, PCC) rules, and send media stream indication information and the PCC rules to SMF; SMF generates corresponding packet detection rules (packet detection rule, PDR) according to the media stream indication information and PCC rules; SMF; Send the PDR to the UPF.
  • the AF/AS sends media stream indication information and stream description information to the PCF
  • the PCF determines the policy and calculation according to the media stream indication information and the stream description information
  • Charge control (policy and charging control, PCC) rules and send media stream indication information and the PCC rules to SMF
  • SMF generates corresponding packet detection rules (packet detection rule, PDR) according to the media stream indication information and PCC rules
  • SMF Send the PDR to the UPF.
  • the flow description information is used to describe the data characteristics of the first service.
  • the flow description information may include one or more of the following: the IP address of the server, the transport layer port of the server, and the transport layer protocol type.
  • the media stream indication information is used to instruct the SMF to count the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN, and instruct the RAN side to determine when the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to the preset number first terminal.
  • the PDR is used for UPF to perform packet detection, and identifies whether the service currently accessed by the terminal device is the first service according to the packet detection rule.
  • the UPF can determine whether the service currently accessed by the terminal device is the first service according to the PDR, so that when the service currently accessed by the terminal device is the first service, the UPF can send the first indication information to the SMF, instructing the UPF to receive the first service. to the data packet of the first service.
  • the AF/AS may send identification information to the PCF, and send the identification information to the UPF side via the PCF and SMF.
  • the identification information is used by the UPF to identify whether the data in the data packet of the first service is background data or foreground data.
  • Both the method 400 and the method 500 refer to the process of establishing a side chain connection between the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the following describes the two procedures for establishing a side chain connection provided in this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of establishing a side chain connection provided by the present application. Each step in the flow is described below.
  • the first terminal sends broadcast information.
  • the broadcast information includes sixth indication information from the RAN, the sixth indication information is used to indicate the first service, and the sixth indication information may be used to determine a remote terminal of the first terminal, such as a second terminal.
  • the sixth indication information may be sent by the RAN to all terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN after or before S411 or S511.
  • the second terminal establishes a side chain connection with the first terminal according to the broadcast information.
  • the second terminal also received the sixth indication information before, and after receiving the broadcast information, the second terminal may establish a side chain connection with the first terminal.
  • the third terminal also establishes a relationship with the first terminal when receiving the broadcast information. side chain connections.
  • the terminal that has not received the sixth indication information even if it receives the broadcast information, the side chain connection with the first terminal will not be established.
  • the RAN by adding the indication information related to the first service from the RAN in the broadcast information, it can be ensured that only the terminals that receive the indication information can establish a side chain connection, that is, it is ensured that only the terminals currently passing the indication information can be established.
  • the side chain connection can be established only between the terminals accessing the media service by the RAN, so that the establishment of unnecessary side chain connections can be avoided.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another flow chart of establishing a side chain connection provided by the present application. Each step in the flow is described below.
  • the second terminal sends broadcast information.
  • the broadcast information includes sixth indication information from the RAN, the sixth indication information is used to indicate the first service, and the sixth indication information may be used to determine the relay terminal of the second terminal, that is, the first terminal.
  • the sixth indication information may be sent by the RAN to all terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN after or before S411 or S511.
  • the first terminal establishes a side chain connection with the second terminal according to the broadcast information.
  • the first terminal also received the sixth indication information before, and after receiving the broadcast information, the first terminal can establish a side chain connection with the second terminal.
  • the RAN by adding the indication information related to the first service from the RAN in the broadcast information, it can be ensured that only the terminals that receive the indication information can establish a side chain connection, that is, it is ensured that only the terminals currently passing the indication information can be established.
  • the side chain connection can be established only between the terminals accessing the media service by the RAN, so that the establishment of unnecessary side chain connections can be avoided.
  • the present application provides another method for transmitting data.
  • the data of the target FoV of the relay terminal is sent to the remote terminal through D2D communication technology, and Discarding the target FoV data of the remote terminal can achieve the purpose of reducing the transmission pressure of the wireless network over the air interface. This method will be described below.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of another method for transmitting data provided by the present application.
  • the method 800 mainly includes S810, S820, S830 and S840. Each step in the method 800 will be described below.
  • the UPF sends the first data packet and the second data packet of the first service to the RAN. Accordingly, the RAN receives the first data packet and the second data packet from the UPF.
  • the first service may be a media service.
  • the sequence in which the UPF sends the first data packet and the second data packet may be determined by the sequence in which the UPF receives the first data packet and the second data packet. For example, if the UPF receives the first data packet first, and then receives the second data packet, the UPF may send the first data packet to the RAN first, and then send the second data packet. For another example, if the UPF receives the first data packet and the second data packet at the same time or almost at the same time, the UPF may send the first data packet and the second data packet to the RAN at the same or almost the same time.
  • the first data packet is directed to the first terminal
  • the second data packet is directed to the second terminal.
  • the data in the first data packet and the data in the second data packet are both data of the target FoV of the first service. That is, both the first terminal and the second terminal currently access the target FoV of the first service.
  • the method may further include:
  • the UPF sends multiple pieces of first indication information to the SMF; the SMF determines, according to the multiple pieces of first indication information, whether the number of terminals currently accessing the target FoV of the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number; The result is yes, the SMF sends the second indication information to the RAN.
  • the first indication information may indicate that the UPF has received the data packet of the target FoV of the first service (or the UPF has received the first data packet of the target FoV of the first service, or the UPF has received the target of the first service. FoV data packet), and the session information corresponding to the target FoV data packet of the first service received by the UPF.
  • the second indication information may indicate that the number of terminals currently accessing the target FoV of the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • Steps S801a-S803a are similar to steps 401a-S403a in method 400 above, the difference is that what is described in method 400 is the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN, and what is described here is the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN. The number of target FoV terminals for a service.
  • S801a-S803a reference may be made to 401a-S403a, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first indication information may include multiple pieces of information, for example, may include first information and second information, and the first information is used to indicate that the UPF receives the data packet of the first service (or the UPF receives the first data packet of the first service).
  • the data packet is the data packet of the target FoV.
  • the method may further include:
  • the UPF sends multiple pieces of first indication information to the SMF; the SMF sends the multiple pieces of first indication information to the RAN; the RAN determines, according to the multiple pieces of first indication information, the target FoV of the current access to the first service through the RAN. Whether the number of terminals is greater than or equal to the preset number.
  • the first indication information please refer to the description of the first indication information in S801a.
  • Steps S801b to S803b are similar to steps 401b to S403b in the foregoing method 400, the difference is that the method 400 describes the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN, and what is described here is the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the RAN. The number of target FoV terminals for a service.
  • S801b to S803b reference may be made to 401b to S403b, which will not be repeated here.
  • the preset number in this method and the preset number in method 400 may be the same or different, which is not limited in this application.
  • the data packet of the target FoV of the first service sent by the UPF to the RAN may carry first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the data packet is a corresponding data packet of the first service.
  • FoV packets For example, both the first data packet and the second data packet may carry the first indication information.
  • the RAN can determine whether the data packet is the target FoV data packet of the first service, and can know which one the data packet corresponds to according to the tunnel address information (such as IP address and port number) of the corresponding PDU session. PDU session, which corresponds to which terminal.
  • the RAN can determine the number of terminal devices accessing the target FoV of the first service, and whether the current number of terminals accessing the target FoV of the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • S820 and S830 may be performed when the number of terminals currently accessing the target FoV of the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number. Alternatively, the execution of S820 and S830 does not depend on whether the number of terminals currently accessing the target FoV of the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • the RAN sends the first data packet to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal receives the first data packet from the RAN.
  • the RAN determines whether the data in the first data packet is the target FoV data of the first service, and if the data in the first data packet is the target FoV data of the first service, the RAN sends the first data to the first terminal Bag.
  • the first data packet may carry identification information, and the RAN may determine whether the data in the first data packet is the target FoV data of the first service according to the identification information in the first data packet.
  • the first data packet may carry the first identification information, and the RAN may determine, according to the first identification information, that the data in the first data packet is the data of the target FoV of the first service.
  • the RAN may determine whether the data in the first data packet is data of the target FoV of the first service by parsing the first data packet.
  • S820 may be performed when the number of terminals currently accessing the target FoV of the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • the first terminal sends the data in the first data packet (denoted as first data) to the second terminal through the side chain connection with the second terminal. Accordingly, the second terminal receives the first data from the first terminal through the side chain connection between it and the first terminal.
  • the RAN may send the first data packet to the first terminal through an air interface connection (eg, Uu interface) with the first terminal.
  • an air interface connection eg, Uu interface
  • the first terminal can obtain data (payload) in the first data packet.
  • the first terminal can save the data in the first data packet for local use, and on the other hand, can send the data in the first data packet to the second terminal through the side chain connection between it and the second terminal , that is, the first terminal can send the data in the first data packet to the second terminal through D2D communication.
  • the first terminal is a relay terminal of the second terminal
  • the second terminal is a remote terminal of the first terminal.
  • the remote terminal of the first terminal may include only the second terminal, or may include multiple terminals, the multiple terminals including the second terminal, and the multiple terminals currently all access the target FoV of the first service through the RAN. If the remote terminal of the first terminal includes multiple terminals, the first terminal may respectively send data in the first data packet to the multiple terminals through the side chain connection with the multiple terminals.
  • a terminal serving as a relay that is, a relay terminal, may only include the first terminal, or may include multiple terminals, wherein the multiple terminals include the first terminal. terminal. Similar operations to step S830 may be performed for each relay terminal.
  • the RAN discards the second data packet.
  • the RAN determines whether the data in the second data packet is the data of the target FoV of the first service, and if the data in the second data packet is the data of the target FoV of the first service, the second data packet is discarded.
  • the second data packet may carry identification information, and the RAN may determine whether the data in the second data packet is the target FoV data of the first service according to the identification information in the second data packet.
  • the RAN may determine whether the data in the second data packet is data of the target FoV of the first service by parsing the second data packet.
  • other remote terminals such as other remote terminals of the first terminal, and remote terminals of other relay terminals currently accessing the target FoV of the first service through the RAN (these remote terminals are also currently By accessing the target FoV of the first service through the RAN, operations similar to S840 may be performed.
  • the RAN discards the data of the FoV for the remote terminal, and only sends the data of the FoV for the relay terminal to the The relay terminal, and then the relay terminal sends it to the remote terminal through D2D communication, which can avoid repeated transmission of the FoV data through the air interface wireless network, thereby reducing the pressure of media service transmission on the air interface wireless network transmission.
  • the method may further include:
  • the RAN determines the first terminal as a relay terminal; the first terminal and the second terminal establish a side chain connection; and the RAN configures communication resources corresponding to the side chain between the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • Steps S811 to S813 are similar to steps S411 to S413 in the foregoing method 400, the difference is that the foregoing describes the RAN triggers the relay discovery and selection process of the terminal currently accessing the first service through the RAN, here is the RAN trigger The relay discovery and selection process of the terminal accessing the target FoV of the first service currently through the RAN.
  • S811-S813 can refer to S411-S413, which will not be repeated here.
  • S811 may be performed when the number of terminals currently accessing the target FoV of the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number.
  • the method may further include:
  • the RAN obtains the address information of the first terminal from the SMF; the RAN sends the address information to the second terminal.
  • the address information is used for the second terminal to receive data in the first data packet sent from the first terminal.
  • Steps S821 to S822 are the same as steps S421 to S422 in the foregoing method 400 , for details, reference may be made to S421 to S422 , which will not be repeated here.
  • S821 may be executed after S820 and before S830.
  • the method may further include: the AF/AS sends media stream indication information, stream description information and second information to the PCF, where the second information is used to identify the first The target FoV of the service; the PCF determines the policy and charging control (policy and charging control, PCC) rule according to the media stream indication information and the stream description information, and sends the PCC rule, the media stream indication information and the second information to the SMF; Media stream indication information and PCC rule, generate corresponding packet detection rule (packet detection rule, PDR); SMF sends the PDR and the second information to UPF.
  • policy and charging control policy and charging control
  • PCC policy and charging control
  • the flow description information is used to describe the characteristics of the first service data.
  • the flow description information may include one or more of the following: the IP address of the server, the transport layer port of the server, and the transport layer protocol type.
  • the media stream indication information is used to instruct the SMF to count the number of terminals currently accessing the target FoV of the first service through the RAN, and when the number of terminals currently accessing the target FoV of the first service through the RAN is greater than or equal to a preset number Next, instruct the RAN side to determine the first terminal.
  • the PDR is used for UPF to perform packet detection, and identifies whether the service currently accessed by the terminal device is the first service according to the packet detection rule.
  • the second information is used for the UPF to detect the FoV information, and according to the second information, it is identified whether the first service currently accessed by the terminal device is the target FoV of the first service.
  • the UPF can determine whether the service currently accessed by the terminal device is the target FoV of the first service according to the PDR and the second information, so that when the service currently accessed by the terminal device is the target FoV of the first service, the SMF The first indication information is sent, indicating that the UPF receives the data packet of the target FoV of the first service.
  • the sixth indication information will be used to indicate the target FoV of the first service.
  • method 500, method 600, or method 800 may further include one or more of the following steps:
  • the first terminal can send third indication information to the RAN, and the third indication information is used to instruct the first terminal to leave the first service; after the RAN sends the first terminal to the second terminal according to the third indication information A business data package.
  • the first terminal may send third indication information to the RAN, for example, the first terminal may send the third indication information through an RRC message, or The third indication information is carried in the PDCP layer of the uplink data packet.
  • the RAN receives the third indication information, it can know that the first terminal is about to leave the first service, so that the public data of the first terminal and the second terminal, such as background data, is no longer sent to the second terminal through D2D.
  • the radio resource between the RAN and the second terminal that is, the data packet of the first service is sent to the second terminal through the Uu interface.
  • the UPF If the UPF detects that the first terminal leaves the first service, it sends third indication information to the RAN, where the third indication information is used to instruct the RAN to leave the first service; the RAN sends the second terminal to the second terminal according to the third indication information The data packet of the first service.
  • the UPF may send third indication information to the RAN.
  • the UPF may send the third indication information to the RAN through the control plane (such as the N4 session reporting process and the N2SM message) or the user plane (such as carrying the third indication information through the GTP-U layer).
  • the control plane such as the N4 session reporting process and the N2SM message
  • the user plane such as carrying the third indication information through the GTP-U layer.
  • the RAN After the RAN receives the third indication information, it can learn that the first terminal has left the first service, so that the public data of the first terminal and the second terminal, such as background data, is no longer sent to the second terminal through D2D.
  • the radio resource between the RAN and the second terminal that is, the data packet of the first service is sent to the second terminal through the Uu interface.
  • the RAN may also determine one or more terminals from the remaining terminals accessing the first service as relay terminals, and instruct the relay terminal to establish a connection with the remote terminal. Sidechain connections, and allocating communication resources corresponding to the corresponding sidechains. In this way, when the original relay terminal leaves the first service, the relay terminal can be re-selected, and the common data of the first terminal and the second terminal can be transmitted in a D2D manner.
  • the second terminal When the second terminal disconnects the side chain connection with the first terminal, and the second terminal is still accessing the first service, the second terminal sends fourth indication information to the RAN, and the fourth indication information uses In order to indicate that the second terminal has disconnected from the first terminal, and the second terminal is still accessing the first service; the RAN will subsequently send the second terminal to the second terminal through the wireless resources between the second terminal and the second terminal according to the fourth indication information.
  • the data packet of the first service
  • the RAN may also select the first terminal from the remaining terminals accessing the first service as the relay terminal of the second terminal, and instruct the relay terminal to establish a connection with the first terminal.
  • the side chain connection of the terminal, and the communication resources corresponding to the corresponding side chain are allocated. In this way, when the second terminal is disconnected from the original relay terminal, the common data of the first terminal and the second terminal can also be received in a D2D manner.
  • the UPF detects that the second terminal leaves the first service or the second terminal is in an idle state, it can inform the RAN.
  • the RAN may send fifth indication information to the first terminal, and after receiving the fifth indication information, the RAN will disconnect the side chain connection with the second terminal.
  • the size of the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the sequence of execution, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its functions and inherent logic.
  • the various numerical numbers or serial numbers involved in the above processes are only for the convenience of description, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus provided by the present application.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may include a transceiver unit 2100 and a processing unit 2200 .
  • the transceiver unit 2100 may include a sending unit and/or a receiving unit.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 may be a transceiver (including a transmitter and/or a receiver), an input/output interface (including an input and/or output interface), a pin or a circuit, and the like.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 may be configured to perform the sending and/or receiving steps in the above method embodiments.
  • the processing unit 2200 may be a processor (which may include one or more), a processing circuit with a processor function, and the like, and may be used to perform other steps in the foregoing method embodiments except for sending and receiving.
  • the communication device may further include a storage unit, which may be a memory, an internal storage unit (eg, a register, a cache, etc.), an external storage unit (eg, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.), etc. .
  • the storage unit is used for storing instructions, and the processing unit 2200 executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the communication device executes the above method.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may correspond to the access network device (ie, the RAN) in the foregoing method 500, and may perform operations performed by the access network device.
  • the access network device ie, the RAN
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is configured to: receive the first data packet and the second data packet of the first service from the user plane network element; send the first data packet to the first terminal, wherein the first data packet is data is forwarded to the second terminal through the side chain connection between the first terminal and the second terminal; the second data packet is sent to the second terminal, the data in the first data packet and synthesizing complete service flow data at the second terminal with the data in the second data packet.
  • the data in the first data packet is background data
  • the data in the second data packet is foreground data
  • the first data packet is for the first terminal
  • the second data The package is for the second terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to receive a third data packet of the first service from the user plane network element; the processing unit 2200 is further configured to, if the third data packet contains The data is background data, and the third data packet is for the second terminal, and the third data packet is discarded.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to receive a plurality of first indication information from a session management network element, where the first indication information is used to instruct the UPF to receive the data packet of the first service and The session information corresponding to the data packet of the first service received by the UPF, and the multiple pieces of first indication information are used by the apparatus 2000 to determine the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the apparatus 2000 , the terminals currently accessing the first service through the apparatus 2000 include the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to receive second indication information from a session management network element, where the second indication information is used to indicate the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the device 2000 greater than or equal to a preset number, the terminals currently accessing the first service through the apparatus 2000 include the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the processing unit 2200 is further configured to determine the first terminal as a relay terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to acquire address information of the first terminal from a session management network element; send the address information to the second terminal, where the address information is used for the second terminal
  • the terminal receives data in the first data packet from the first terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to receive third indication information, where the third indication information is used to instruct the first terminal to leave the first service;
  • the second terminal sends the data packet of the first service.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to receive fourth indication information, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the second terminal has disconnected from the first terminal, and the second terminal has been disconnected from the first terminal.
  • the terminal is still accessing the first service; according to the fourth indication information, the data packet of the first service is sent to the second terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to send fifth indication information to the first terminal when the processing unit 2200 determines that the second terminal enters an idle state or changes services.
  • Five indication information is used to instruct the first terminal to disconnect the side chain connection with the second terminal.
  • transceiver unit 2100 and the processing unit 2200 may also perform other operations performed by the access network device in the foregoing method 500, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may correspond to the first terminal in the above method 500, and may perform the operations performed by the first terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is configured to: receive a first data packet of a first service from an access network device; send data in the first data packet to a second terminal; receive all data from the access network device
  • the fourth data packet of the first service, the data in the first data packet and the data in the fourth data packet are synthesized at the apparatus 2000 into complete service flow data.
  • the data in the first data packet is background data
  • the data in the fourth data packet is foreground data
  • both the first data packet and the fourth data packet are for the apparatus 2000 of.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to: receive sixth indication information from the access network device, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the first service; and send a broadcast message, the broadcast message For determining the second terminal, the broadcast message includes the sixth indication information, and the second terminal also receives the sixth indication information from the access network device.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to: receive sixth indication information from the access network device, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the first service; receive information from the second terminal A broadcast message, where the broadcast message includes the sixth indication information; the processing unit 2200 is further configured to, according to the broadcast message, determine to establish a side chain connection with the second terminal.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may correspond to the second terminal in the foregoing method 500, and may perform operations performed by the second terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is configured to: receive the first data of the first service from the first terminal; receive the second data packet of the first service from the access network device, the first data and the first data The data in the two data packets is synthesized at the apparatus 2000 to complete the service flow data.
  • the first data is background data
  • the first data is data in a first data packet
  • the first data packet is for the first terminal
  • the second data packet is The data is foreground data
  • the second data packet is for the device 2000 .
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to: receive sixth indication information from the access network device, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the first service; and send a broadcast message, the broadcast message The sixth indication information is included, and the first terminal also receives the sixth indication information from the access network device.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may correspond to the access network device (ie, the RAN) in the foregoing method 600, and may perform operations performed by the access network device.
  • the access network device ie, the RAN
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is configured to: receive a first data packet and a second data packet of a first service from a user plane network element, where the first service is a media service; and send the first data packet to a first terminal , and the data in the first data packet is forwarded to the second terminal through the side chain connection between the first terminal and the second terminal, wherein the data in the first data packet is background data , and the first data packet is directed to the first terminal.
  • the processing unit 2200 is configured to discard the second data packet, wherein the data in the second data packet is background data, and the second data packet is directed to the second terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to: receive a third data packet of the first service from the user plane network element; send the third data packet to the second terminal, wherein the The data in the third data packet is foreground data, and the third data packet is for the second terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to: receive multiple pieces of first indication information from a session management network element, where the first indication information is used to instruct the user plane network element to receive the first indication information of the first service.
  • the first indication information is used to instruct the user plane network element to receive the first indication information of the first service.
  • data packets and session information corresponding to the data packets of the first service received by the user plane network element, the plurality of first indication information are used by the processing unit 2200 to determine that the device 2000 is currently accessing the The number of terminals of the first service, the terminals currently accessing the first service through the apparatus 2000 include the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to: receive second indication information from a session management network element, where the second indication information is used to indicate the number of terminals currently accessing the first service through the device 2000 greater than or equal to a preset number, the terminals currently accessing the first service through the apparatus 2000 include the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the processing unit 2200 is further configured to: determine the first terminal as a relay terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to: acquire address information of the first terminal from a session management network element; send the address information to the second terminal, where the address information is used for the second terminal
  • the terminal receives data in the first data packet from the first terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to: receive third indication information, where the three indication information is used to instruct the first terminal to leave the first service; according to the third indication information, send a message to the The second terminal sends the data packet of the first service.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to: receive fourth indication information, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the second terminal has disconnected from the first terminal, and the second terminal has been disconnected from the first terminal.
  • the terminal is still accessing the first service; according to the fourth indication information, the data packet of the first service is sent to the second terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to send fifth indication information to the first terminal when the processing unit 2200 determines that the second terminal enters an idle state or changes services.
  • Five indication information is used to instruct the first terminal to disconnect the connection with the second terminal.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may correspond to the first terminal in the foregoing method 600, and may perform the operations performed by the first terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is configured to: receive a first data packet and a fourth data packet of a first service from an access network device, the first service is a media service, and the data in the first data packet is the background data, the data in the fourth data packet is foreground data, and both the first data packet and the fourth data packet are for the device 2000; sending the first data packet to the second terminal The data.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to: receive sixth indication information from the access network device, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the first service; and send a broadcast message, the broadcast message For determining the second terminal, the broadcast message includes the sixth indication information, and the second terminal also receives the sixth indication information from the access network device.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to: receive sixth indication information from the access network device, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the first service; receive information from the second terminal A broadcast message, where the broadcast message includes the sixth indication information.
  • the processing unit 2200 is configured to, according to the broadcast message, determine to establish a side chain connection with the second terminal.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may correspond to the second terminal in the foregoing method 600, and may perform operations performed by the second terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is configured to: receive first data of a first service from a first terminal, the first service is a media service, the first data is data in a first data packet, the first The data is background data, the first data packet is for the first terminal; the second data packet of the first service is received from the access network device, and the data in the second data packet is foreground data , and the second data packet is for the device 2000 .
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to: receive sixth indication information from the access network device, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the first service; and send a broadcast message, the broadcast message The sixth indication information is included, and the first terminal also receives the sixth indication information from the access network device.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may correspond to the access network device (ie, the RAN) in the foregoing method 800, and may perform operations performed by the access network device.
  • the access network device ie, the RAN
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is configured to: receive a first data packet and a second data packet of a first service from a user plane network element, where the first service is a media service; and send the first data packet to a first terminal , and the data in the first data packet is forwarded to the second terminal through the side chain connection between the first terminal and the second terminal, wherein the data in the first data packet is the target video Field angle FoV data, and the first data packet is for the first terminal.
  • the processing unit 2200 is configured to discard the second data packet, wherein the data in the second data packet is data of the target FoV, and the second data packet is directed to the second terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to receive a plurality of first indication information from a session management network element, where the first indication information is used to instruct the user plane network element to receive the data of the target FoV packet and the session information corresponding to the data packet of the target FoV received by the user plane network element, the plurality of first indication information is used by the processing unit 2200 to determine that the target FoV is currently accessed through the device 2000
  • the number of terminals that currently access the target FoV through the apparatus 2000 includes the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is specifically configured to send the first terminal to the first terminal when the number of terminals currently accessing the target FoV through the device 2000 is greater than or equal to a preset number data pack.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to receive second indication information from a session management network element, where the second indication information is used to indicate that the number of terminals currently accessing the target FoV through the device 2000 is greater than or equal to a preset number, the terminals currently accessing the target FoV through the apparatus 2000 include the first terminal and the second terminal.
  • the processing unit 2200 is further configured to determine the first terminal as a relay terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to acquire address information of the first terminal from a session management network element; send the address information to the second terminal, where the address information is used for the second terminal
  • the terminal receives data in the first data packet from the first terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to receive third indication information, where the three indication information is used to instruct the first terminal to leave the first service; according to the third indication information, send a message to the The second terminal sends the data packet of the first service.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to receive fourth indication information, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the second terminal has disconnected from the first terminal, and the second terminal has been disconnected from the first terminal.
  • the terminal is still accessing the first service; according to the fourth indication information, the data packet of the first service is sent to the second terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to send fifth indication information to the first terminal when the processing unit 2200 determines that the second terminal enters an idle state or changes services.
  • Five indication information is used to instruct the first terminal to disconnect the side chain connection with the second terminal.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may correspond to the first terminal in the above method 800, and may perform the operations performed by the first terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is configured to: receive a first data packet of a target field of view FoV of a first service from an access network device, the first service is a media service, and the first data packet is for the In the apparatus 2000: sending the data in the first data packet to the second terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to: receive sixth indication information from the access network device, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the target FoV; send a broadcast message, the broadcast message uses For determining the second terminal, the broadcast message includes the sixth indication information, and the second terminal also receives the sixth indication information from the access network device.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to: receive sixth indication information from the access network device, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the target FoV; receive broadcasts from the second terminal message, the broadcast message includes the sixth indication information.
  • the processing unit 2200 is further configured to, according to the broadcast message, determine to establish a side chain connection with the second terminal.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may correspond to the second terminal in the above method 800, and may perform operations performed by the second terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is configured to receive first data of a first service from a first terminal, where the first service is a media service, the first data is data in a first data packet, and the first The data is data of the target field of view FoV, and the first data packet is for the first terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 is further configured to: receive sixth indication information from the access network device, where the sixth indication information is used to indicate the target FoV; and send a broadcast message, where the broadcast message includes the sixth indication information, and the first terminal also receives the sixth indication information from the access network device.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may also correspond to other network elements in the above method embodiments, such as application network elements (such as AF or AS), user plane network elements (such as UPF), session Manage network elements (such as SMF), etc., and can perform operations performed by corresponding network elements.
  • application network elements such as AF or AS
  • user plane network elements such as UPF
  • session Manage network elements such as SMF
  • processing unit may be implemented by hardware or software, or may be implemented by a combination of software and hardware.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 in the communication device may correspond to the RRU 3100 in the access network device 2000 shown in FIG. 10
  • the processing unit 2200 in the communication device It may correspond to the BBU 3200 in the access network device 2000 shown in FIG. 10
  • the transceiver unit 2100 in the communication apparatus may be an input/output interface.
  • the transceiver unit 2100 in the communication device 2000 may correspond to the transceiver 4002 in the terminal device 4000 shown in FIG. 11
  • the processing unit 2200 in the communication device 2000 may Corresponds to the processor 4001 in the terminal device 4000 shown in FIG. 11 .
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an access network device provided by an embodiment of the present application, which may be, for example, a schematic structural diagram of a base station.
  • the access network device 3000 can perform the functions of the RAN in the access network device or the method embodiment in the foregoing system.
  • the access network device 3000 may include one or more radio frequency units, such as a remote radio unit (RRU) 3100 and one or more baseband units (BBU) (also referred to as distributed Unit (DU)) 3200.
  • RRU remote radio unit
  • BBU baseband units
  • DU distributed Unit
  • the RRU 3100 may be called a transceiver unit or a communication unit, which corresponds to the transceiver unit 2100 in FIG. 9 .
  • the transceiver unit 3100 may also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver, etc., which may include at least one antenna 3101 and a radio frequency unit 3102 .
  • the transceiver unit 3100 may include a receiving unit and a sending unit, the receiving unit may correspond to a receiver (or called a receiver, a receiving circuit), and the sending unit may correspond to a transmitter (or called a transmitter, a sending circuit).
  • the RRU 3100 part is mainly used for the transceiver of radio frequency signals and the conversion of radio frequency signals and baseband signals.
  • the part of the BBU 3200 is mainly used to perform baseband processing, control the base station, and the like.
  • the RRU 3100 and the BBU 3200 may be physically set together, or may be physically separated, that is, a distributed base station.
  • the BBU 3200 is the control center of the base station, and can also be referred to as a processing unit, which can correspond to the processing unit 2200 in FIG. 9 , and is mainly used to complete baseband processing functions, such as channel coding, multiplexing, modulation, spread spectrum, and the like.
  • the BBU processing unit
  • the BBU may be used to control the base station to perform the operation procedure of the access network device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the BBU 3200 may be composed of one or more boards, and the multiple boards may jointly support a wireless access network (such as an LTE network) of a single access standard, or may respectively support a wireless access network of different access standards.
  • Wireless access network (such as LTE network, 5G network or other network).
  • the BBU 3200 also includes a memory 3201 and a processor 3202.
  • the memory 3201 is used to store necessary instructions and data.
  • the processor 3202 is configured to control the base station to perform necessary actions, for example, to control the base station to perform the operation flow of the access network device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the memory 3201 and processor 3202 may serve one or more single boards. That is to say, the memory and processor can be provided separately on each single board. It can also be that multiple boards share the same memory and processor. In addition, necessary circuits may also be provided on each single board.
  • the access network device 3000 shown in FIG. 10 can implement various processes related to the access network device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the operations or functions of each module in the access network device 3000 are respectively to implement the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the above-mentioned BBU 3200 may be used to perform the actions performed by the access network device described in the foregoing method embodiments, and the RRU 3100 may be used to perform the actions of sending and receiving by the access network device described in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the RRU 3100 may be used to perform the actions of sending and receiving by the access network device described in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal 4000 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal 4000 includes a processor 4001 and a transceiver 4002 .
  • the terminal 4000 may further include a memory 4003 .
  • the processor 4001, the transceiver 4002 and the memory 4003 can communicate with each other through an internal connection path to transmit control and/or data signals, the memory 4003 is used to store computer programs, and the processor 4001 is used to retrieve data from the memory 4003.
  • the computer program is invoked and executed to control the transceiver 4002 to send and receive signals.
  • the above-mentioned processor 4001 and the memory 4003 can be combined into a processing device 4004, and the processor 4001 is configured to execute the program codes stored in the memory 4003 to realize the above-mentioned functions. It should be understood that the processing device 4004 shown in the figure is only an example. During specific implementation, the memory 4003 may also be integrated in the processor 4001 or independent of the processor 4001 . This application does not limit this.
  • the above-mentioned terminal 4000 may further include an antenna 4010 for transmitting the uplink data or uplink control signaling output by the transceiver 4002 through wireless signals.
  • the terminal 4000 shown in FIG. 11 can implement various processes involving a terminal (eg, a first terminal or a second terminal) in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the operations or functions of each module in the terminal 4000 are respectively to implement the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the above-mentioned terminal 4000 may further include a power supply 4005 for providing power to various devices or circuits in the terminal.
  • the terminal 4000 may further include one or more of an input unit 4006, a display unit 4007, an audio circuit 4008, a camera 4009, a sensor 4011, etc.
  • the audio circuit may also Including speaker 40081, microphone 40082, etc.
  • the processing device 4004 or the processor 4001 may be a chip.
  • the processing device 4004 or the processor 4001 may be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit) integrated circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and can also be a system on chip (system on chip, SoC), It can also be a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processing circuit (DSP), or a microcontroller (microcontroller).
  • CPU central processing unit
  • NP network processor
  • DSP digital signal processing circuit
  • microcontroller microcontroller
  • controller unit MCU
  • MCU memory
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as executed by a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software modules may be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers and other storage media mature in the art.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory, and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • a memory in this application may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically programmable Erase programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), which acts as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM synchronous DRAM
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • double data rate SDRAM double data rate SDRAM
  • DDR SDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SCRAM synchronous link dynamic random access memory
  • direct rambus RAM direct rambus RAM
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus 5000 provided by an embodiment of the present application. Any network element involved in this application, such as an access network device, a first terminal, a second terminal, a session management network element, etc., can be implemented by the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 12 .
  • the communication apparatus 5000 may be a physical device, or a component of the physical device (eg, an integrated circuit, a chip, etc.), or a functional module in the physical device.
  • the communication apparatus 5000 includes: one or more processors 5001 .
  • the processor 5001 may store execution instructions for executing the methods of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 5001 may call an interface to implement the receiving and sending functions.
  • the interface may be a logical interface or a physical interface, which is not limited.
  • the interface may be a transceiver circuit, or an interface circuit.
  • Transceiver circuits or interface circuits for realizing receiving and transmitting functions may be separate or integrated.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver circuit or interface circuit can be used for code/data reading and writing, or the above-mentioned transceiver circuit or interface circuit can be used for signal transmission or transmission.
  • the interface can be implemented by a transceiver.
  • the communication apparatus 5000 may further include a transceiver 5003 .
  • the transceiver 5003 may be referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit or a transceiver, etc., and is used to implement a transceiver function.
  • the communication apparatus 5000 may further include a memory 5002 .
  • This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the specific deployment location of the memory 5002, and the memory may be integrated in the processor, or may be independent of the processor.
  • the communication device 5000 does not include the memory, the communication device 5000 only needs to have a processing function, and the memory can be deployed in other locations (eg, a cloud system).
  • the processor 5001, the memory 5002 and the transceiver 5003 communicate with each other through an internal connection path to transmit control and/or data signals.
  • the communication device 5000 may also include other devices, such as input devices, output devices, batteries, and the like.
  • the memory 5002 may store execution instructions for executing the methods of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 5001 can execute the instructions stored in the memory 5002 in combination with other hardware (eg, the transceiver 5003) to complete the steps of the method shown in this document.
  • other hardware eg, the transceiver 5003
  • the methods disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be applied to the processor 5003 or implemented by the processor 5003 .
  • the processor 5003 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capability. In the implementation process, each step of the method can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA), or other possible solutions. Programming logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as executed by a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • Software modules can be located in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. in the storage medium.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the instructions in the memory, and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes: computer program code, when the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer is made to execute any of the foregoing method embodiments The method for any one of the network elements (eg, access network equipment, first terminal, second terminal, session management network element, or user plane network element, etc.).
  • the network elements eg, access network equipment, first terminal, second terminal, session management network element, or user plane network element, etc.
  • the present application further provides a computer-readable medium, where program codes are stored in the computer-readable medium, and when the program codes are run on a computer, the computer is made to execute any of the foregoing method embodiments method for any network element.
  • the present application further provides a system, which includes one or more of the following: an access network device, a session management network element, or a user plane network element.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a processing apparatus, including a processor and an interface, where the processor is configured to execute the method in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the above processing device may be a chip.
  • the processing device may be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, can also be system on chip (system on chip, SoC), can also be central processing It can be a central processor unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processing circuit (DSP), or a microcontroller (MCU) , it can also be a programmable logic device (PLD) or other integrated chips.
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • FPGA field programmable gate
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as executed by a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software modules may be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers and other storage media mature in the art.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory, and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line, DSL) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that includes an integration of one or more available media.
  • the available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, high-density digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (eg, solid state discs, SSD)) etc.
  • a component may be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, or a computer.
  • an application running on a computing device and the computing device may be components.
  • One or more components may reside within a process or thread of execution, and a component may be localized on one computer or distributed between 2 or more computers.
  • these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures stored thereon.
  • a component may, for example, pass a signal through a local system based on a signal having one or more data packets (such as data from two components interacting with another component between a local system, a distributed system, or a network, such as the Internet interacting with other systems through signals). or remote process to communicate.
  • a signal having one or more data packets (such as data from two components interacting with another component between a local system, a distributed system, or a network, such as the Internet interacting with other systems through signals). or remote process to communicate.
  • B corresponding to A indicates that B is associated with A, and B can be determined according to A.
  • determining B according to A does not mean that B is only determined according to A, and B may also be determined according to A and/or other information.
  • an item includes one or more of the following: A, B, and C
  • the item can be any of the following: A; B, unless otherwise specified. ;C;A and B;A and C;B and C;A,B and C;A and A;A,A and A;A,A and B;A,A and C,A,B and B;A , C and C; B and B, B, B and B, B, B and C, C and C; C, C and C, and other combinations of A, B and C.
  • a total of three elements of A, B and C are used as examples above to illustrate the optional items of the item.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory ROM, a random access memory RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种传输数据的方法和通信装置，包括：接入网设备接收来自用户面网元的第一业务的第一数据包和第一业务的第二数据包；接入网设备向第一终端发送第一数据包，向第二终端发送第二数据包。其中，第一数据包中的数据通过第一终端与第二终端之间的侧链连接转发至第二终端，第一数据包中的数据和第二数据包中的数据在第二终端处合成完整的业务流数据。该方案中，接入网设备通过将公共数据(第一数据包中的数据)发送给第一终端，再由第一终端通过D2D通信技术将其接收到的数据发送给第二终端，可以避免接入网设备通过空口资源向第二终端发送该公共数据，从而能够达到降低空口无线网络传输压力的目的。

Description

传输数据的方法和通信装置
本申请要求于2020年12月11日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202011443650.5、申请名称为“传输数据的方法和通信装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种传输数据的方法和通信装置。
背景技术
目前，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)已成为一项热门技术，它通过展现360度(或180度)的视频为观看者提供了沉浸式的“亲身体验”和“现实生活。用户可以交互性地随时切换他们观看的视角，并且动态地查看他们所期望看到的部分场景。
与传统视频始终传输视频的整个完整画面不同，VR直播视频可以采用视场角(field of view，FoV)传输方案进行视频传输。具体地，云端根据终端视角信息，向终端推送FoV区域范围内的高清媒体流和360度全景的背景媒体流，再由终端进行解码显示。这样，可以避免由于用户角度变换过快造成卡顿与“黑边”情况出现，并且终端不再需要解码全部视角的高清视频流，可有效降低终端解码压力。
类似VR课堂、VR会议等用户较为集中的场景下，多用户在观看相同的VR视频时，其背景流相同，重复的背景流传输加大了媒体传输的网络需求。
发明内容
本申请提供一种传输数据的方法和通信装置，通过将访问同一业务的多个终端的公共数据发送给访问该业务的其中一个(或多个)终端，再由该终端通过设备到设备(device to device，D2D)通信技术将其接收到的数据发送给访问该业务的其他一个或多个终端，可以达到降低空口无线网络传输压力的目的。
第一方面，提供了一种传输数据的方法，包括：接入网设备接收来自用户面网元的第一业务的第一数据包和第一业务的第二数据包；接入网设备向第一终端发送第一数据包，向第二终端发送第二数据包。其中，第一数据包中的数据通过第一终端与第二终端之间的侧链连接转发至第二终端，第一数据包中的数据和第二数据包中的数据在第二终端处合成完整的业务流数据。
应理解，第一数据包是针对第一终端的，第二数据包是针对第二终端的。这里的意思是，第一数据包中的路由信息指向第一终端，接入网设备根据第一数据包中的路由信息，可以知道第一数据包对应第一终端对应的协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)会话，即第一数据包是要发给第一终端的，而不是发给其他终端的。第二数据包的路由信息指向第二终端，接入网设备根据第二数据包中的路由信息，可以知道第二数据包对应第二终端 对应的PDU会话，即第二数据包是要发给第二终端的，而不是发给其他终端的。
另外，第一数据包中的数据为当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端的公共数据，其中，当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端包括第一终端和第二终端。第二数据包中的数据为第二终端的专有数据。
可选地，第一业务为媒体业务。
可选地，第一数据包中的数据为背景数据，第二数据包中的数据为前景数据。
根据本申请提供的传输数据的方法，接入网设备通过将针对第一终端的，并且承载第一终端和第二终端的公共数据(例如，背景数据)的第一数据包发送给第一终端，再由第一终端通过D2D通信方式将第一数据包中的数据发送给第二终端，可以避免通过空口无线网络(或者说，空口资源或无线资源或Uu口)向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据，从而可以降低媒体业务传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：接入网设备接收来自用户面网元的第一业务的第三数据包；若第三数据包中的数据为背景数据，且第三数据包是针对第二终端的，接入网设备丢弃第三数据包。
基于该方案，接入网设备可以丢弃针对远端终端的背景数据，仅将针对中继终端的背景数据发送给中继终端，再由中继终端通过D2D通信方式将背景数据发送给远端终端。这样，既可以降低媒体业务传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力，也可以避免向远端终端重复传输相同的数据。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：接入网设备接收来自会话管理网元的多个第一指示信息。其中，该第一指示信息用于指示用户面网元接收到第一业务的数据包以及用户面网元接收到的第一业务的数据包对应的会话信息，该多个第一指示信息用于接入网设备确定当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端的数量，所述当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端包括第一终端和第二终端。
基于该方案，接入网设备可以在当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端达到一定数量的情况下，向第一终端发送第一数据包，并且第一终端可以通过D2D的通信方式向第一终端的远端终端发送第一数据包中的数据。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，在接入网设备向第一终端发送第一数据包之前，所述方法还包括：接入网设备接收来自会话管理网元的第二指示信息。其中，第二指示信息用于指示当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量，当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端包括第一终端和第二终端。
基于该方案，接入网设备可以根据会话管理网元的指示，在当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端达到一定数量的情况下，向第一终端发送第一数据包，并且第一终端可以通过D2D的通信方式向第一终端的远端终端发送第一数据包中的数据。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，在接入网设备向第一终端发送第一数据包之前，所述方法还包括：接入网设备确定第一终端作为中继终端。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：接入网设备从会话管理网元获取第一终端的地址信息；接入网设备向第二终端发送该地址信息，该地址信息用于第二终端接收来自第一终端的第一数据包中的数据。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：接入网设备接收第 三指示信息，第三指示信息用于指示第一终端离开第一业务；接入网设备根据第三指示信息，向第二终端发送第一业务的数据包。
基于该方案，在第一终端离开第一业务的情况下，接入网设备可以通过与第二终端之间的无线资源，向第二终端继续发送第一业务的数据包，避免由于第一终端离开第一业务，无法正常传输第一业务的数据包。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：接入网设备接收第四指示信息，第四指示信息用于指示第二终端已断开与第一终端的连接，并且第二终端还在访问第一业务；接入网设备根据第四指示信息，向第二终端发送第一业务的数据包。
基于该方案，在第二终端已断开与第一终端的连接，并且第二终端还在访问第一业务的情况下，接入网设备可以通过与第二终端之间的无线资源，向第二终端继续发送第一业务的数据包。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：接入网设备在确定第二终端进入空闲态或者变更业务的情况下，向第一终端发送第五指示信息，第五指示信息用于指示第一终端断开与第二终端的侧链连接。
基于该方案，第一终端可以在第二终端进入空闲态或者变更业务的情况下，断开与第二终端的侧链连接，这样可以节省通信资源。
第二方面，提供了一种传输数据的方法，包括：第一终端接收来自接入网设备的第一业务的第一数据包；第一终端向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据；第一终端接收来自接入网设备的第一业务的第四数据包，第一数据包中的数据和第四数据包中的数据在第一终端处合成完整的业务流数据。
应理解，第一数据包和第四数据包均是针对第一终端的。另外，第一数据包中的数据为当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端的公共数据，其中，当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端包括第一终端和第二终端。第四数据包中的数据为第一终端的专有数据。
可选地，第一业务为媒体业务。
可选地，第一数据包中的数据为背景数据，第四数据包中的数据为前景数据。
根据本申请提供的传输数据的方法，接入网设备通过将针对第一终端的，并且承载第一终端和第二终端的公共数据(例如，背景数据)的第一数据包发送给第一终端，再由第一终端通过D2D通信方式将第一数据包中的数据发送给第二终端，可以避免通过空口无线网络向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据，从而可以降低媒体业务传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，在第一终端向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据之前，所述方法还包括：第一终端接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，第六指示信息用于指示第一业务；第一终端发送广播消息，该广播消息用于确定第二终端，该广播消息包括第六指示信息，以及，第二终端也接收到来自接入网设备的第五指示信息。
基于该方案，仅通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端可以建立侧链连接，避免不必要的侧链连接的建立。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，在第一终端向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据之前，所述方法还包括：第一终端接收来自接入网设备的第六指示信息，第六 指示信息用于指示第一业务；第一终端接收来自第二终端的广播消息，该广播消息包括第六指示信息；第一终端根据该广播消息，确定与第二终端建立侧链连接。
基于该方案，仅通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端可以建立侧链连接，避免不必要的侧链连接的建立。
第三方面，提供了一种传输数据的方法，包括：第二终端接收来自第一终端的第一业务的第一数据；第二终端接收来自接入网设备的第一业务的第二数据包，第一数据和第二数据包中的数据在第二终端处合成完整的业务流数据。
应理解，第一数据为第一数据包中的数据，第一数据包是针对第一终端的，第二数据包是针对第二终端的。另外，第一数据为当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端的公共数据，其中，当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端包括第一终端和第二终端。第二数据包中的数据为第二终端的专有数据。
可选地，第一业务为媒体业务。
可选地，第一数据包中的数据为背景数据，第二数据包中的数据为前景数据。
根据本申请提供的传输数据的方法，接入网设备通过将针对第一终端的，并且承载第一终端和第二终端的公共数据(例如，背景数据)的第一数据包发送给第一终端，再由第一终端通过D2D通信方式将第一数据包中的数据发送给第二终端，可以避免通过空口无线网络向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据，从而可以降低媒体业务传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，在第二终端接收来自第一终端的第一业务的第一数据之前，所述方法还包括：第二终端接收来自接入网设备的第六指示信息，第六指示信息用于指示第一业务；第二终端发送广播消息，该广播消息包括第六指示信息，以及，所述第一终端也接收到来自接入网设备的第六指示信息。
基于该方案，仅通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端可以建立侧链连接，避免不必要的侧链连接的建立。
第四方面，提供了一种传输数据的方法，包括：接入网设备接收来自用户面网元的第一业务的第一数据包和第二数据包，所述第一业务为媒体业务；所述接入网设备向第一终端发送所述第一数据包，并且，所述第一数据包中的数据通过所述第一终端与第二终端之间的侧链连接转发至所述第二终端，其中，所述第一数据包中的数据为背景数据，且所述第一数据包是针对所述第一终端的；所述接入网设备丢弃所述第二数据包，其中，所述第二数据包中的数据为背景数据，且所述第二数据包是针对所述第二终端的。
应理解，第一终端和第二终端当前均通过该接入网设备访问第一业务。背景数据为所有当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端的公共数据。
根据本申请提供的传输数据的方法，接入网设备通过丢弃针对第二终端的背景数据，仅将针对第一终端的背景数据发送给第一终端，再由第一终端通过D2D通信方式将背景数据发送给远端终端，可以避免通过空口无线网络将背景数据重复传输多次，从而能够降低媒体业务传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备接收来自所述用户面网元的所述第一业务的第三数据包；所述接入网设备向所述第二终端发送所述第三数据包，其中，所述第三数据包中的数据为前景数据，且所述第三数据包是针 对所述第二终端的。
基于该方案，可以通过D2D通信方式传输背景数据，通过空口无线资源传输前景数据。通过不同传输方式的结合，一方面能够降低背景数据的传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力，另一方面能够降低前景数据的传输时延。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备接收来自会话管理网元的多个第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述用户面网元接收到所述第一业务的数据包以及所述用户面网元接收到的所述第一业务的数据包对应的会话信息，所述多个第一指示信息用于所述接入网设备确定当前通过所述接入网设备访问所述第一业务的终端的数量，所述当前通过所述接入网设备访问所述第一业务的终端包括所述第一终端和所述第二终端。
基于该方案，接入网设备可以在当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端达到一定数量的情况下，向第一终端发送第一数据包，并且第一终端可以通过D2D的通信方式向第一终端的远端终端(包括第二终端)发送第一数据包中的数据。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，在所述接入网设备向第一终端发送所述第一数据包之前，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备接收来自会话管理网元的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示当前通过所述接入网设备访问所述第一业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量，所述当前通过所述接入网设备访问所述第一业务的终端包括所述第一终端和所述第二终端。
基于该方案，接入网设备可以根据会话管理网元的指示，在当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端达到一定数量的情况下，可以向第一终端发送第一数据包，并且可以通过D2D的通信方式向第一终端的远端终端发送第一数据包中的数据。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，在所述接入网设备向第一终端发送所述第一数据包之前，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备确定所述第一终端作为中继终端。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备从会话管理网元获取所述第一终端的地址信息；所述接入网设备向所述第二终端发送所述地址信息，所述地址信息用于所述第二终端接收来自所述第一终端的所述第一数据包中的数据。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备接收第三指示信息，所述三指示信息用于指示所述第一终端离开所述第一业务；所述接入网设备根据所述第三指示信息，向所述第二终端发送所述第一业务的数据包。
基于该方案，在第一终端离开第一业务的情况下，接入网设备可以通过与第二终端之间的无线资源，向第二终端继续发送第一业务的数据包，避免由于第一终端离开第一业务，无法正常传输第一业务的数据包。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备接收第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示所述第二终端已断开与所述第一终端的连接，并且所述第二终端还在访问所述第一业务；所述接入网设备根据所述第四指示信息，向所述第二终端发送所述第一业务的数据包。
基于该方案，在第二终端已断开与第一终端的连接，并且第二终端还在访问第一业务的情况下，接入网设备可以通过与第二终端之间的无线资源，向第二终端继续发送第一业 务的数据包。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备在确定所述第二终端进入空闲态或者变更业务的情况下，向所述第一终端发送第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示所述第一终端断开与所述第二终端的连接。
基于该方案，第一终端可以在第二终端进入空闲态或者变更业务的情况下，断开与第二终端的侧链连接，这样可以节省通信资源。
第五方面，提供了一种传输数据的方法，包括：第一终端接收来自接入网设备的第一业务的第一数据包和第四数据包，所述第一业务为媒体业务，所述第一数据包中的数据为背景数据，所述第四数据包中的数据为前景数据，且所述第一数据包和所述第四数据包均是针对所述第一终端的；所述第一终端向第二终端发送所述第一数据包中的数据。
根据本申请提供的传输数据的方法，接入网设备通过将承载针对第一终端的背景数据的第一数据包发送给第一终端，再由第一终端通过D2D通信方式将第一数据包中的数据发送给第二终端，可以避免通过空口无线网络向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据，从而可以降低媒体业务传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，在所述第一终端向第二终端发送所述第一数据包中的数据之前，所述方法还包括：所述第一终端接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一业务；所述第一终端发送广播消息，所述广播消息用于确定所述第二终端，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息，以及，所述第二终端也接收到来自所述接入网设备的所述第六指示信息。
基于该方案，仅通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端可以建立侧链连接，避免不必要的侧链连接的建立。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，在所述第一终端向第二终端发送所述第一数据包中的数据之前，所述方法还包括：所述第一终端接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一业务；所述第一终端接收来自所述第二终端的广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息；所述第一终端根据所述广播消息，确定与所述第二终端建立侧链连接。
基于该方案，仅通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端可以建立侧链连接，避免不必要的侧链连接的建立。
第六方面，提供了一种传输数据的方法，包括：第二终端接收来自第一终端的第一业务的第一数据，所述第一业务为媒体业务，所述第一数据为第一数据包中的数据，所述第一数据为背景数据，所述第一数据包是针对所述第一终端的；所述第二终端接收来自接入网设备的所述第一业务的第二数据包，所述第二数据包中的数据为前景数据，且所述第二数据包是针对所述第二终端的。
根据本申请提供的传输数据的方法，接入网设备通过将针对第一终端的，并且承载背景数据的第一数据包发送给第一终端，再由第一终端通过D2D通信方式将第一数据包中的数据发送给第二终端，可以避免通过空口无线网络向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据，从而可以降低媒体业务传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，在所述第二终端接收来自第一终端的第一业务的第一数据之前，所述方法还包括：所述第二终端接收来自所述接入网设备的第 六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一业务；所述第二终端发送广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息，以及，所述第一终端也接收到来自所述接入网设备的所述第六指示信息。
基于该方案，仅通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的终端可以建立侧链连接，避免不必要的侧链连接的建立。
第七方面，提供了一种传输数据的方法，包括：接入网设备接收来自用户面网元的第一业务的第一数据包和第二数据包，所述第一业务为媒体业务；所述接入网设备向第一终端发送所述第一数据包，并且，所述第一数据包中的数据通过所述第一终端与第二终端之间的侧链连接转发至所述第二终端，其中，所述第一数据包中的数据为目标视场角FoV的数据，且所述第一数据包是针对所述第一终端的；所述接入网设备丢弃所述第二数据包，其中，所述第二数据包中的数据为所述目标FoV的数据，且所述第二数据包是针对所述第二终端的。
根据本申请提供的传输数据的方法，在多个终端(包括第一终端和第二终端)访问相同业务的同一FoV的情况下，接入网设备通过丢弃针对第二终端的该FoV的数据，仅将针对第一终端的该FoV的数据发送给第一终端，再由第一终端通过D2D通信方式将其发送给远端终端，可以避免通过空口无线网络将该FoV的数据重复传输多次，从而能够降低媒体业务传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力。
结合第七方面，在第七方面的某些实现方式中，在所述接入网设备向第一终端发送所述第一数据包之前，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备接收来自会话管理网元的多个第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述用户面网元接收到所述目标FoV的数据包以及所述用户面网元接收到的所述目标FoV的数据包对应的会话信息，所述多个第一指示信息用于所述接入网设备确定当前通过所述接入网设备访问所述目标FoV的终端的数量，所述当前通过所述接入网设备访问所述目标FoV的终端包括所述第一终端和所述第二终端；其中，所述接入网设备向第一终端发送所述第一数据包，包括：在所述当前通过所述接入网设备访问所述目标FoV的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量的情况下，所述接入网设备向所述第一终端发送所述第一数据包。
基于该方案，在当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端达到一定数量的情况下，接入网设备可以向第一终端发送第一数据包，并且第一终端可以通过D2D的通信方式向第一终端的远端终端发送第一数据包中的数据。
结合第七方面，在第七方面的某些实现方式中，在所述接入网设备向第一终端发送所述第一数据包之前，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备接收来自会话管理网元的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示当前通过所述接入网设备访问所述目标FoV的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量，所述当前通过所述接入网设备访问所述目标FoV的终端包括所述第一终端和所述第二终端。
基于该方案，在当前通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端达到一定数量的情况下，接入网设备可以向第一终端发送第一数据包，并且接入网设备可以通过D2D的通信方式向第一终端的远端终端发送第一数据包中的数据。
结合第七方面，在第七方面的某些实现方式中，在所述接入网设备向第一终端发送所述第一数据包之前，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备确定所述第一终端作为中继终端。
结合第七方面，在第七方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备从会话管理网元获取所述第一终端的地址信息；所述接入网设备向所述第二终端发送所述地址信息，所述地址信息用于所述第二终端接收来自所述第一终端的所述第一数据包中的数据。
结合第七方面，在第七方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备接收第三指示信息，所述三指示信息用于指示所述第一终端离开所述第一业务；所述接入网设备根据所述第三指示信息，向所述第二终端发送所述第一业务的数据包。
基于该方案，在第一终端离开第一业务的情况下，接入网设备可以通过与第二终端之间的无线资源，向第二终端继续发送第一业务的数据包，避免由于第一终端离开第一业务，无法正常传输第一业务的数据包。
结合第七方面，在第七方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备接收第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示所述第二终端已断开与所述第一终端的连接，并且所述第二终端还在访问所述第一业务；所述接入网设备根据所述第四指示信息，向所述第二终端发送所述第一业务的数据包。
基于该方案，在第二终端已断开与第一终端的连接，并且第二终端还在访问第一业务的情况下，接入网设备可以通过与第二终端之间的无线资源，向第二终端继续发送第一业务的数据包。
结合第七方面，在第七方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备在确定所述第二终端进入空闲态或者变更业务的情况下，向所述第一终端发送第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示所述第一终端断开与所述第二终端的侧链连接。
基于该方案，第一终端可以在第二终端进入空闲态或者变更业务的情况下，断开与第二终端的侧链连接，这样可以节省通信资源。
第八方面，提供了一种传输数据的方法，包括：第一终端接收来自接入网设备的第一业务的目标视场角FoV的第一数据包，所述第一业务为媒体业务，所述第一数据包是针对所述第一终端的；所述第一终端向第二终端发送所述第一数据包中的数据。
根据本申请提供的传输数据的方法，在多个终端访问相同业务的相同FoV的情况下，接入网设备通过丢弃针对远端终端的该FoV的数据，仅将针对中继终端的该FoV的数据发送给中继终端，再由中继终端通过D2D通信方式将其发送给远端终端，可以避免通过空口无线网络将该FoV的数据重复传输多次，从而能够降低媒体业务传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力。
结合第八方面，在第八方面的某些实现方式中，在所述第一终端向第二终端发送所述第一数据包中的数据之前，所述方法还包括：所述第一终端接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述目标FoV；所述第一终端发送广播消息，所述广播消息用于确定所述第二终端，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息，以及，所述第二终端也接收到来自所述接入网设备的所述第六指示信息。
基于该方案，仅通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端可以建立侧链连接，避免不必要的侧链连接的建立。
结合第八方面，在第八方面的某些实现方式中，在所述第一终端向第二终端发送所述第一数据包中的数据之前，所述方法还包括：所述第一终端接收来自所述接入网设备的第 六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述目标FoV；所述第一终端接收来自所述第二终端的广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息；所述第一终端根据所述广播消息，确定与所述第二终端建立侧链连接。
基于该方案，仅通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端可以建立侧链连接，避免不必要的侧链连接的建立。
第九方面，提供了一种传输数据的方法，包括：第二终端接收来自第一终端的第一业务的第一数据，所述第一业务为媒体业务，所述第一数据为第一数据包中的数据，所述第一数据为目标视场角FoV的数据，所述第一数据包是针对所述第一终端的。
根据本申请提供的传输数据的方法，在多个终端访问相同业务的相同FoV的情况下，接入网设备通过丢弃针对远端终端的该FoV的数据，仅将针对中继终端的该FoV的数据发送给中继终端，再由中继终端通过D2D通信方式将其发送给远端终端，可以避免通过空口无线网络将该FoV的数据重复传输多次，从而能够降低媒体业务传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力。
结合第九方面，在第九方面的某些实现方式中，在所述第二终端接收来自第一终端的第一业务的第一数据之前，所述方法还包括：所述第二终端接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述目标FoV；所述第二终端发送广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息，以及，所述第一终端也接收到来自所述接入网设备的所述第六指示信息。
基于该方案，仅通过该接入网设备访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端可以建立侧链连接，避免不必要的侧链连接的建立。
第十方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括用于执行第一方面至第九方面或第一方面至第九方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法的各个模块或单元。
第十一方面，提供了一种装置，包括处理器。该处理器与存储器耦合，可用于执行存储器中的指令，以使得该装置执行上述第一方面至第九方面或第一方面至第九方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。可选地，该装置还包括存储器。可选地，该装置还包括接口电路，处理器与接口电路耦合。
第十二方面，提供了一种处理器，包括：输入电路、输出电路和处理电路。该处理电路用于通过该输入电路接收信号，并通过该输出电路发射信号，使得该处理器执行第一方面至第九方面或第一方面至第九方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
在具体实现过程中，上述处理器可以为芯片，输入电路可以为输入管脚，输出电路可以为输出管脚，处理电路可以为晶体管、门电路、触发器和各种逻辑电路等。输入电路所接收的输入的信号可以是由例如但不限于接收器接收并输入的，输出电路所输出的信号可以是例如但不限于输出给发射器并由发射器发射的，且输入电路和输出电路可以是同一电路，该电路在不同的时刻分别用作输入电路和输出电路。本申请实施例对处理器及各种电路的具体实现方式不做限定。
第十三方面，提供了一种处理装置，包括处理器和存储器。该处理器用于读取存储器中存储的指令，并可通过接收器接收信号，通过发射器发射信号，以执行第一方面至第九方面或第一方面至第九方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
可选地，该处理器为一个或多个，该存储器为一个或多个。
可选地，该存储器可以与该处理器集成在一起，或者该存储器与处理器分离设置。
在具体实现过程中，存储器可以为非瞬时性(non-transitory)存储器，例如只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请实施例对存储器的类型以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不做限定。
上述第十三方面中的处理装置可以是一个芯片，该处理器可以通过硬件来实现也可以通过软件来实现，当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等；当通过软件来实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现，该存储器可以集成在处理器中，可以位于该处理器之外，独立存在。
第十四方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)，当该计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第九方面或第一方面至第九方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第十五方面，提供了一种计算机可读介质，该计算机可读介质存储有计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第九方面或第一方面至第九方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第十六方面，提供了一种通信系统，包括第一方面、第四方面或第七方面中的接入网设备。
附图说明
图1是基于FoV传输方案进行VR视频传输的示意图；
图2是本申请提供的一种通信系统的示意图；
图3是本申请提供的另一种通信系统的示意图；
图4是本申请提供的一种传输数据的方法的示意性流程图；
图5是本申请提供的另一种传输数据的方法的示意性流程图；
图6是本申请提供的一种建立侧链连接的方法的示意性流程图；
图7是本申请提供的另一种建立侧链连接的方法的示意性流程图；
图8是本申请提供的一种传输数据的方法的示意性流程图；
图9是本申请提供的一种通信装置的示意性框图；
图10是本申请提供的一种接入网设备的示意性框图；
图11是本申请提供的一种终端设备的示意性框图；
图12是本申请提供的一种通信装置的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
当前，VR直播视频根据是否传输全视角的完整内容，包含如下两种传输方案：
(1)全视角传输方案：将VR 360度(或180度)全部视角、等质量的画面从云端传输至终端，当用户头部转动至特定的视角时，由终端即时完成全部画面或视角范围内容的解码，并显示该视角的画面。该方案由于需要传输全部视角的高清媒体流，因此需要较大的网络带宽。并且，虽然整个全景视频是360度(或180度)的，但是用户在观看时，实际只能看到当前视角部分，看不到的部分只是占了网络带宽，而没有真正用到，对网络资源造 成了比较大的浪费。
(2)FoV传输方案：云端根据终端视角信息，向终端推送FoV区域范围内的高清媒体流和360度全景的低画质的背景媒体流，再由终端进行解码显示。这样，可以避免由于用户角度变换过快造成卡顿与“黑边”情况出现，并且终端不再需要解码全部视角的高清视频流，可有效降低终端解码压力。
图1示出了基于FoV传输方案进行VR视频传输的示意图。参见图1，多个用户(例如图中所示的终端1和终端2)在观看相同的VR直播视频时，将传输包含全部视角的360度(或180度)全景背景流，以及各个用户当前视角内的前景流。
由于需要向各个用户都传输包含全部视角的360度(或180度)全景背景流，这将加大媒体传输的网络需求，对于目标资源紧缺的空口无线网络造成巨大压力。
有鉴于此，本申请提供了一种传输数据的方法，该方法通过将访问同一业务的多个终端的公共数据(例如，背景数据)发送给访问该业务的其中一个(或多个)终端，再由该终端通过设备到设备(device to device，D2D)通信技术将其接收到的数据发送给访问该业务的其他一个或多个终端，可以避免通过空口无线资源传输达到降低空口无线网络传输压力的目的。
D2D通信有时也称为邻近服务(proximity-based services，ProSe)通信。在D2D通信中，距离邻近的终端可以直接建立通信链路，而不用再通过接入网设备转发通信。其中，具有D2D通信功能的两个终端之间的直连通信接口可以称为PC5接口，因此D2D通信也可以称为PC5通信。具有D2D通信功能的两个终端之间的直连通信链路被定义为侧链(sidelink，SL)，侧链也可以称为侧行链路、侧链连接、PC5链路或者PC5连接。
本申请中，背景流、背景数据、背景媒体流、低画质画面、低分辨率数据表示的含义相同，在下文中统称为背景数据。类似地，前景流、前景数据、前景媒体流、高画质画面、高分辨率数据表示的含义相同，在下文中统称为前景数据。背景数据和前景数据是相对的概念，背景数据可以指基于FoV传输方案中访问同一业务的多个终端的公共数据(或者说共享数据)，前景数据可以指基于FoV传输方案中访问同一业务的各个终端的专有数据。但应理解，在多个终端访问同一业务的同一FoV的场景下，即多个终端请求同一业务的同一FoV的数据的场景下，这多个终端的前景数据相同。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、第五代(5th generation，5G)系统、新无线(new radio，NR)或未来可能出现的其他通信系统等。
图2示出了可以应用于本申请的通信系统的架构图。如图2所示，该通信系统可以包括下述中的一个或多个网元：终端101(例如，终端101A和/或终端101B)、接入网设备102、用户面网元103、数据网络104、接入和移动管理网元105、会话管理网元106、策略控制网元107、应用网元108、统一数据管理网元109和网络开放网元110。
终端101：可以是用户设备(user equipment，UE)、终端设备、用户、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。例如，可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented  reality，AR)终端、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等。其中VR终端设备可以是PC端VR、一体机VR或者移动端头显(又叫手机VR)等。终端101还可以是上述各种设备中设置的装置或者电路结构，例如，芯片或者芯片系统。
在图2所示的通信系统中，终端101A和终端101B可以支持D2D通信，终端101A和终端101B之间可以通过PC5接口进行通信。其中，终端101A可以称为远端终端(也可以称为Relay UE)、终端101B可以称为中继终端(也可以称为Remote UE)，中继终端能够为远端终端提供中继服务，远端终端可以通过中继终端连接至接入网设备。
接入网设备102：能够管理无线资源，为终端提供接入服务，进而完成控制信号和用户数据在终端和核心网之间的转发。例如，接入网设备102与终端(例如，终端101B)之间的接口可以称为Uu口，接入网设备102和终端101B之间可以通过Uu口进行通信。另外，接入网设备102和终端101A之间也可以通过Uu口进行通信。
接入网设备102可以是传输接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、LTE系统中的演进型基站(evolved NodeB，eNB或eNodeB)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(base band unit，BBU)、云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器、中继站、接入点、车载设备、可穿戴设备、5G移动通信系统中的下一代基站(next generation NodeB，gNB)、未来演进的陆上公用移动通信网(public land mobile network，PLMN)网络中的接入网网元、接入点(access point，AP)等。
用户面网元103：主要负责数据包路由和转发。
数据网络104：可以是运营商服务，互联网接入或者第三方服务，如IP多媒体业务(IP Multi-media Service，IMS)、互联网等。数据网络104可以包括应用服务器(application server，AS)，AS是一种软件框架，提供一个应用程序运行的环境，用于为应用程序提供安全、数据、事务支持、负载平衡大型分布式系统管理等服务。终端通过与AS通信获取应用报文。
接入和移动管理网元105：主要负责移动网络中的移动性管理，如用户位置更新、用户注册网络、用户切换等。
会话管理网元106：主要负责移动网络中的会话管理，如会话建立、修改、释放。具体功能如为用户分配IP地址、选择提供报文转发功能的用户面网元等。
策略控制网元107：负责向接入和移动管理网元、会话管理网元提供策略，如服务质量(quality of service，QoS)策略、切片选择策略等。
应用网元108：负责向3GPP网络提供业务、与策略控制网元之间交互以进行策略控制等。
统一数据管理网元109：用于存储用户数据，如签约信息、鉴权/授权信息。
网络开放网元110：提供网络能力开放相关的框架、鉴权和接口，在5G系统网络功能和其他网络功能之间传递信息。
在一个示例中，图2所示的通信系统可以是图3所示的5G系统。应理解，图1所示 的系统还可以是4G系统或者其他系统(如6G系统等)，本申请对此不作限定。
图3是一种5G系统架构示意图。该系统架构图中，与图2中附图标记相同的网元是图2中相应的网元在当前5G系统中的命名。参见图3，该5G系统架构可以包括下述一个或多个网元：UE 101(例如，UE101A和/或UE101B)、(无线)接入网((radio)access network，(R)AN)102、用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)103、数据网络(data network，DN)104、接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)105、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)106、策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)107、应用功能(application function，AF)108、统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)109以及网络开放功能(network exposure function)110。
应理解，图2和图3所示的各网元既可以是硬件设备，也可以是芯片，或者是在专用硬件上运行软件功能，或者是平台(例如，云平台)上实例化的虚拟化功能。另外，图2或图3中的一些网元可部署在同一位置(如同一硬件设备或软件功能上)，也可以分开部署，本申请对此不作限定。
应理解，图3所示的各个网元的命名仅是一个名字，名字对网元本身的功能不构成限定。在不同的网络中，上述各个网元也可以是其他的名字，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。例如，在6G网络中，上述各个网元中的部分或全部可以沿用5G中的术语，也可能是其他命名。类似地，图3所示的网元之间的接口仅是一个示例，在5G网络以及未来其它的网络中，网元之间的接口也可以不是图中所示的接口，本申请对此不作限定。
还应理解，本申请实施例并不限于图2所示的系统架构中。例如，可以应用本申请的通信系统可以包括更多或更少的网元或设备。
下面对本申请提供的传输数据的方法进行详细说明。
应理解，下文描述的方法中的第一终端可以对应图2中的终端101A或者图3中的UE 101A，第二终端可以对应图2中的终端101B或者图3中的UE 101B。
还应理解，下文描述的方法中的AF、AS、PCF、SMF、AMF、RAN可以依次采用应用网元、应用服务器、策略控制网元、会话管理网元、接入和移动管理网元、接入网设备替代。
图4是本申请提供的一种传输数据的方法的示意性流程图。该方法400主要包括S410、S420、S430和S440。下面对该方法400中的各步骤进行说明。
S410，UPF向RAN发送第一业务的第一数据包和第一业务的第二数据包。相应地，RAN接收来自UPF的第一数据包和第二数据包。第一业务可以是媒体业务，但本申请对此不作限定。
应理解，UPF发送第一数据包和第二数据包的顺序可以由UPF接收到第一数据包和第二数据包的先后顺序决定。比如，如果UPF先接收到第一数据包，再接收到第二数据包，则UPF可以向RAN先发送第一数据包，再发送第二数据包。再如，如果UPF同时或几乎同时接收到第一数据包和第二数据包，则UPF可以同时或几乎同时向RAN发送第一数据包和第二数据包。
本申请中，第一数据包是针对第一终端的，第二数据包是针对第二终端的。这里的意思是，第一数据包中的路由信息指向第一终端，RAN根据第一数据包中的路由信息，例如IP地址、端口等，可以知道第一数据包属于(或对应)第一终端对应的PDU会话，即 第一数据包是要发给第一终端的，而不是发给其他终端的。第二数据包的路由信息指向第二终端，RAN根据第二数据包中的路由信息，例如IP地址、端口号等，可以知道第二数据包属于第二终端对应的PDU会话，即第二数据包是要发给第二终端的，而不是发给其他终端的。
另外，第一数据包中的数据为第一终端和第二终端的公共数据，第二数据包中的数据为第二终端的专有数据。比如，第一数据包中的数据和第二数据包中的数据可以在第二终端处合成完整的业务流数据。例如，第一数据包中的数据和第二数据包中的数据可以在第二终端处合成完整的媒体流数据，即，第二终端可以将第一数据包中的数据和第二数据包中的数据合成一个完整的数据流并进行播放。
进一步地，第一数据包中的数据可以是背景数据，第二数据包中的数据可以是前景数据。
可选地，在一个实施例中，该方法还可以包括：
S401a～S403a，UPF向SMF发送多个第一指示信息；SMF根据多个第一指示信息，确定当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量是否大于或等于预设数量；若确定结果为是，SMF向RAN发送第二指示信息。
其中，第一指示信息可以指示UPF接收到第一业务的数据包(或者说UPF接收到第一业务的第一个数据包，或者说UPF已经接收到第一业务的数据包)，以及UPF接收到的第一业务的数据包对应的会话信息。该会话信息可以是N4会话标识或者PDU会话标识等。第二指示信息可以指示当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量。
在该实施例中，UPF在一个PDU会话中接收到第一业务的第一个数据包后，可以向SMF发送第一指示信息。SMF根据第一指示信息，可以确定UPF是在哪个PDU会话中接收到第一业务的数据包，这相当于确定了哪个终端在访问第一业务。这样，SMF可以根据当前接收到的所有的第一指示信息，确定在UPF服务下当前有多少终端在访问第一业务，从而进一步明确当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量。若当前通过该RAN访问该第一业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量，则SMF可以向AMF发送第二指示信息，AMF向RAN转发第二指示信息。RAN根据第二指示信息可以获知当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量。
例如，若第一数据包是UPF在第一终端对应的PDU会话中接收到的第一业务的第一个数据包，则UPF可以在接收到第一数据包后，向SMF发送第一指示信息。若第二数据包是UPF在第二终端对应的PDU会话中接收到的第一业务的第一个数据包，则UPF也可以在接收到第二数据包后，向SMF发送第一指示信息。假设预设数量为N(N为大于1的整数)，且规定如果当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量大于N，SMF向RAN发送第二指示信息，那么，若SMF根据接收到的多个第一指示信息确定当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量为N+1，则可以通过AMF向RAN发送第二指示信息。假设预设数量为N，且规定如果当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量等于N，SMF可以通过AMF向RAN发送第二指示信息，那么，若SMF根据接收到的多个第一指示信息确定当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量为N，则可以通过AMF向RAN发送第二指示信息。
可选地，在另一实施例中，该方法还可以包括：
S401b～S403b，UPF向SMF发送多个第一指示信息；SMF向RAN发送该多个第一指示信息；RAN根据该多个第一指示信息，确定当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量是否大于或等于预设数量。其中，第一指示信息的含义与前文中相同。
在该实施例中，UPF在一个PDU会话中接收到第一业务的第一个数据包后，可以向SMF发送第一指示信息，SMF通过AMF向RAN转发第一指示信息。比如，若第一数据包是UPF在第一终端对应的PDU会话中接收到的第一业务的第一个数据包，则UPF可以在接收到第一数据包后，向SMF发送第一指示信息，SMF通过AMF向RAN发送第一指示信息。若第二数据包是UPF在第二终端对应的PDU会话中接收到的第一业务的第一个数据包，则UPF也可以在接收到第二数据包后，向SMF发送第一指示信息，SMF通过AMF向RAN发送第一指示信息。RAN根据接收到的多个第一指示信息，可以确定通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端设备的数量，从而可以确定当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量是否大于或等于预设数量。
应理解，在第一指示信息通过控制面发送的场景下，本申请并不限定UPF发送第一指示信息和发送第一业务的第一个数据包的先后顺序。比如，以第一数据包为第一业务的第一个数据包为例，UPF可以先向RAN发送第一数据包，也可以先向SMF发送第一指示信息，或者，UPF可以同时发送第一指示信息和第一数据包。
可选地，在又一个实施例中，UPF向RAN发送的第一业务的数据包可以携带第一指示信息，其中，第一指示信息用于指示该数据包为第一业务的数据包。比如，第一数据包和第二数据包均可以携带第一指示信息。RAN在接收到一个数据包后，可以确定该数据包是否为第一业务的数据包，并且可以根据PDU会话的对应隧道标识(如IP地址，端口号)获知该数据包对应哪个PDU会话，即对应哪个终端。从而，RAN可以确定访问第一业务的终端设备的数量，以及当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量是否大于或等于预设数量。
在当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量的情况下，可以执行S420和S430。或者，S420和S430的执行不依赖于当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量是否大于或等于预设数量。
S420，RAN向第一终端发送第一数据包。相应地，第一终端接收来自RAN的第一数据包。
S430，第一终端通过其与第二终端之间的侧链连接向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据(记作：第一数据)。相应地，第二终端通过其与第一终端之间的侧链连接接收来自第一终端的第一数据。其中，第一终端和第二终端均为当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端。
具体地，RAN接收到第一数据包后，可以通过与第一终端之间的空口连接(例如，Uu口)向第一终端发送第一数据包。第一终端通过解析第一数据包，可以获得第一数据包中的数据(payload)，即第一数据。并且，一方面，第一终端可以将第一数据包中的数据保存在本地使用，另一方面可以通过其与第二终端之间的侧链连接向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据，即第一终端可以通过D2D通信方式向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据。
本申请实施例中，第一终端为第二终端的中继终端，第二终端为第一终端的远端终端。第一终端的远端终端可以仅包括第二终端，也可以包括多个终端，该多个终端包括第二终端，并且该多个终端当前均通过该RAN访问第一业务。若第一终端的远端终端包括多个终端，则第一终端可以分别通过与该多个终端的侧链连接，向该多个终端发送第一数据包中的数据。此外，当前通过该RAN访问该第一业务的终端中，作为中继的终端，即中继终端，可以仅包括第一终端，也可以包括多个终端，其中该多个终端包括第一终端。对于每个中继终端，都可以执行与步骤S420和S430类似的操作。比如，若RAN接收到针对作为中继终端的第三终端的数据包，则RAN可以向第三终端发送该数据包，且第三终端可以向其远端终端发送该数据包中的数据。
可选地，在S420之前，该方法还可以包括：
S411～S413，RAN确定第一终端作为中继终端；第一终端和第二终端建立侧链连接；RAN配置第一终端和第二终端之间的侧链对应的通信资源。
具体地，RAN可以触发当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的中继发现和选择流程。比如，RAN可以首先从当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端中，确定一个或多个中继终端，其中该一个或多个中继终端包括第一终端。比如，RAN可以根据与当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端之间的网络状况和/或位置信息等选定一个终端(如第一终端)作为中继终端。然后，中继终端与远端终端建立侧链连接，比如，第一终端与其对应的远端终端(包括第二终端)建立侧链连接，并且RAN配置中继终端和远端终端之间的侧链对应的通信资源，该通信资源用于中继终端和远端终端进行通信。另外，中继终端(比如第一终端)可以告知RAN侧其对应的远端终端(比如第二终端)的信息，比如远端终端的标识等。或者，远端终端(比如第二终端)可以告知RAN侧其身份为远端终端以及其对应的中继终端(比如第一终端)的信息，比如中继终端的标识等。示例性的，中继终端可以通过RRC消息或上行数据包PDCP层告知RAN侧其对应的远端终端的信息。类似地，远端终端可以通过RRC消息或上行数据包PDCP层告知RAN侧其身份为远端终端以及其对应的中继终端的信息。其中，中继终端的标识或者远端终端的标识可以是任何一个可以唯一标识终端的信息，本申请对其具体形式不作限定。
关于如何建立侧链连接，一种实现方式可以参考下文中对图6和图7的描述，这里暂不作详细说明。
示例性的，S411～S413可以在当前通过该RAN访问该媒体业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量的情况下执行。
可选地，在S430之前，该方法还可以包括：
S421～S422，RAN从SMF获取第一终端的地址信息；RAN向第二终端发送该地址信息。其中，该地址信息用于第二终端接收来自第一终端发送的第一数据包中的数据。
具体地，RAN确定第一终端为中继终端，第二终端为第一终端的远端终端后，可以向SMF请求第二终端的地址信息，比如IP地址信息。SMF根据RAN的请求返回第一终端的地址信息后，RAN可以向第一终端发送该地址信息，后续第一终端可以根据该地址信息向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据。示例性的，RAN向第一终端发送的该地址信息可以承载在RRC消息中或者下行数据包(例如，第一数据包)的PDCP层中。
应理解，S421可以在S420之前执行，也可以在S420之后、S430之前执行。
S440，RAN向第二终端发送第二数据包。相应地，第二终端接收来自RAN的第二数据包。
具体地，RAN接收到第二数据包后，可以通过与第二终端之间的空口连接(例如，Uu口)向第二终端发送第二数据包。第二终端通过解析第二数据包，可以获得第二数据包中的数据(payload)。进一步地，第二终端结合第一数据包中的数据和第二数据包中的数据，可以获得完整的业务流数据。
比如，第一数据包中的数据为背景数据，第二数据包中的数据为前景数据。也就是说，在第一数据包中的数据为背景数据的情况下，RAN向第一终端发送第一数据包，并且第一终端通过其与第二终端之间的侧链连接向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据。在第二数据包中的数据为前景数据的情况下，RAN向第二终端发送第二数据包。
根据本申请提供的传输数据的方法，RAN通过将针对第一终端的，并且承载第一终端和第二终端的公共数据(例如，背景数据)的第一数据包发送给第一终端，再由第一终端通过D2D通信方式将第一数据包中的数据发送给第二终端，可以避免通过空口无线网络向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据，从而可以降低媒体业务传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力。
可选地，该方法还可以包括：
S450，UPF向RAN发送第一业务的第三数据包。相应地，RAN接收来自UPF的第三数据包。
S460，若第三数据包中的数据为背景数据，且第三数据包是针对第二终端的，则RAN丢弃第三数据包。
可选地，S460可以在当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量的情况下执行。
基于该方案，RAN可以丢弃针对远端终端的背景数据，仅将针对中继终端的背景数据发送给中继终端，再由中继终端通过D2D通信方式将背景数据发送给远端终端。这样，既可以降低媒体业务传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力，也可以避免向远端终端重复传输相同的数据。
本申请中，关于RAN如何确定数据包中的数据为背景数据或者前景数据，可以有两种实现方式：
方式一
UPF可以在数据包中携带标识信息，该标识信息用于指示该数据包中的数据是否为背景数据或者前景数据。相应地，RAN可以根据该标识信息确定该数据包中的数据是否为背景数据或者前景数据。比如，第一数据包可以携带第一标识信息，第一标识信息用于指示第一数据包中的数据为背景数据或者不为前景数据。类似地，第三数据包也可以携带第一标识信息，第一标识信息用于指示第三数据包中的数据为背景数据或者不为前景数据。第二数据包可以携带第二标识信息，第二标识信息用于指示第二数据包中的数据为前景数据或者不为背景数据。
可选地，UPF可以根据接收到的数据包(如，第一数据包或者第二数据包等)携带的指示信息#2，确定该数据包中的数据是否为背景数据或者前景数据。进而，可以在该数据包中添加标识信息。
具体来讲，AS可以在数据包中携带指示信息#2，比如，AS可以在数据包的包头中携带指示信息#2，该指示信息#2用于指示该数据包是否为背景数据或者前景数据。该指示信息#2可以在数据包的IP或者TCP头部信息中，比如IP/TCP头部的option扩展字段，或者是在IPv4的DSCP字段。UPF接收到该数据包后，可以根据指示信息#2确定该数据包中的数据是否为背景数据或者前景数据，进而在该数据包中添加标识信息。比如，UPF可以在该数据包的GPRS隧道协议(GPRS tunneling protocol，GTP)层添加标识信息。
另外，关于UPF在数据包中添加第一标识信息还是第二标识信息，比如RAN怎么去识别第一标识信息或第二标识信息，可以由SMF告知。
方式二
RAN可以通过解析数据包，确定该数据包中的数据具体为背景数据还是前景数据。比如，RAN可以通过解析第一数据包，确定第一数据包中的数据为背景数据，通过解析第二数据包，确定第二数据包中的数据为前景数据，通过解析第三数据包，确定第三数据包中的数据为背景数据。
基于上述两种方式，RAN可以确定一个数据包中的数据是否为背景数据或者是否为前景数据。从而，RAN可以仅将针对中继终端的背景数据发送给中继终端，再由中继终端通过D2D通信方式将背景数据发送给远端终端，而丢弃针对远端终端的背景数据，这样可以降低媒体业务传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力。
可选地，该方法还可以包括：
S470，UPF向RAN发送第一业务的第四数据包。相应地，RAN接收来自UPF的第四数据包。
S480，RAN向第一终端发送第四数据包。相应地，第一终端接收来自RAN的第四数据包。
其中，第四数据包是针对第一终端的，并且第四数据包中的数据为第一终端的专有数据，比如第一数据包中的数据和第四数据包中的数据可以在第一终端处合成完整的业务流数据。
进一步地，第四数据包中的数据为前景数据。
可选地，作为本申请一个实施例，在S410之前，该方法还可以包括：AF/AS向PCF发送媒体流指示信息、流描述信息；PCF根据媒体流指示信息和流描述信息确定策略与计费控制(policy and charging control，PCC)规则，并向SMF发送该PCC规则以及媒体流指示信息；SMF根据媒体流指示信息和PCC规则，生成对应的包检测规则(packet detection rule，PDR)；SMF向UPF发送该PDR。
其中，该流描述信息用于描述第一业务的数据特征。例如，流描述信息可以包括下述中的一项或多项：服务器的IP地址、服务器的传输层端口以及传输层协议类型。
媒体流指示信息用于指示SMF统计当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量，并在当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量的情况下，指示RAN侧确定第一终端。
该PDR用于UPF进行包检测，根据包检测规则识别出终端设备当前访问的业务是否为第一业务。
基于该方案，UPF可以根据PDR，明确终端设备当前访问的业务是否为第一业务， 从而在当前终端设备当前访问的业务为第一业务的情况下，向SMF发送第一指示信息，指示UPF接收到第一业务的数据包。
可选的，AF/AS还可以向PCF发送标识信息，途径PCF、SMF发往UPF侧，UPF根据标识信息可以第一业务的数据包中的数据具体为背景数据还是前景数据。
图5是本申请提供的另一种传输数据的方法的示意性流程图。该方法500主要包括S510、S520、S530和S540。下面对该方法500中的各步骤进行说明。
S510，UPF向RAN发送第一业务的第一数据包和第二数据包。相应地，RAN接收来自UPF的第一数据包和第二数据包。其中，第一业务可以是媒体业务。
应理解，UPF发送第一数据包和第二数据包的顺序可以由UPF接收到第一数据包和第二数据包的先后顺序决定。比如，如果UPF先接收到第一数据包，再接收到第二数据包，则UPF可以向RAN先发送第一数据包，再发送第二数据包。再如，如果UPF同时或几乎同时接收到第一数据包和第二数据包，则UPF可以同时或几乎同时向RAN发送第一数据包和第二数据包。
本申请中，第一数据包是针对第一终端的，第二数据包是针对第二终端的。具体含义可以参见上文对S410所作的说明，这里不再赘述。
可选地，在一个实施例中，该方法还可以包括：
S501a～S503a，UPF向SMF发送多个第一指示信息；SMF根据多个第一指示信息，确定当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量是否大于或等于预设数量；若确定结果为是，SMF向RAN发送第二指示信息。其中，第一指示信息可以指示UPF接收到第一业务的数据包(或者说UPF接收到第一业务的第一个数据包，或者说UPF已经接收到第一业务的数据包)，以及UPF接收到的第一业务的数据包对应的会话信息。该会话信息可以是PDU会话标识或者PDU会话对应的隧道标识(例如，IP地址和/或端口号等)等。第二指示信息可以指示当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量。
步骤S501a～S503a与前文中方法400中的步骤401a～S403a相同，具体可以参考401a～S403a，这里不再赘述。
可选地，在另一实施例中，该方法还可以包括：
S501b～S503b，UPF向SMF发送多个第一指示信息；SMF向RAN发送该多个第一指示信息；RAN根据该多个第一指示信息，确定当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量是否大于或等于预设数量。其中，第一指示信息的含义与前文中相同。
步骤S501b～S503b与前文中方法400中的步骤401b～S403b相同，具体可以参考401b～S403b，这里不再赘述。
可选地，在又一个实施例中，UPF向RAN发送的第一业务的数据包可以携带第一指示信息，其中，第一指示信息用于指示该数据包为第一业务的数据包。比如，第一数据包和第二数据包均可以携带第一指示信息。RAN在接收到一个数据包后，可以确定该数据包是否为第一业务的数据包，并且可以根据对应PDU会话的隧道端口地址信息(如IP地址与端口号)获知该数据包对应哪个PDU会话，进而明确对应哪个终端。从而，RAN可以确定访问第一业务的终端设备的数量，以及当前通过该RAN访问第一业务某一视角的终端的数量是否大于或等于预设数量。
在当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量的情况下，可以 执行S520和S530。或者，S520和S530的执行不依赖于当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量是否大于或等于预设数量。
S520，RAN向第一终端发送第一数据包。相应地，第一终端接收来自RAN的第一数据包。其中，第一数据包中的数据为背景数据。
具体地，RAN确定第一数据包中的数据是否为背景数据或者是否为前景数据，若第一数据包中的数据为背景数据，则RAN向第一终端发送第一数据包。例如，参考前文中描述的方式一，第一数据包和第二数据包可以携带标识信息，RAN可以根据第一数据包中的标识信息确定第一数据包中的数据是否为背景数据或者是否为前景数据，根据第二数据包中的标识信息确定第二数据包中的数据是否为背景数据或者是否为前景数据。比如，第一数据包可以携带第一标识信息，RAN可以根据第一标识信息确定第一数据包中的数据为背景数据或者不为前景数据。再如，参考前文中描述的方式二，RAN可以通过解析第一数据包，确定第一数据包中的数据是否为背景数据或者是否为前景数据。类似地，RAN可以通过解析第二数据包，确定第二数据包中的数据是否为背景数据或者是否为前景数据。
可选地，S520可以在当前通过该RAN访问该媒体业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量的情况下执行。
S530，第一终端通过与第二终端之间的侧链连接，向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据(记作第一数据)。相应地，第二终端通过其与第一终端之间的侧链连接接收来自第一终端的第一数据。
第一终端和第二终端均为当前通过该RAN访问该媒体业务的终端。RAN接收到第一数据包后，可以通过与第一终端之间的空口连接(例如，Uu口)向第一终端发送第一数据包。第一终端通过解析第一数据包，可以获得第一数据包中的数据(payload)。并且，一方面，第一终端可以将第一数据包中的数据保存在本地使用，另一方面可以通过其与第二终端之间的侧链连接向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据，即第一终端可以通过D2D通信方式向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据。
本申请实施例中，第一终端为第二终端的中继终端，第二终端为第一终端的远端终端。第一终端的远端终端可以仅包括第二终端，也可以包括多个终端，该多个终端包括第二终端，并且该多个终端当前均通过该RAN访问第一业务。若第一终端的远端终端包括多个终端，则第一终端可以分别通过与该多个终端的侧链连接，向该多个终端发送第一数据包中的数据。此外，当前通过该RAN访问该第一业务的终端中，作为中继的终端，即中继终端，可以仅包括第一终端，也可以包括多个终端，其中该多个终端包括第一终端。对于每个中继终端，都可以执行与步骤S530类似的操作。比如，若RAN接收到针对作为中继终端的第三终端的数据包，则RAN可以向第三终端发送该数据包，且第三终端可以向其远端终端发送该数据包中的数据。
S540，RAN丢弃第二数据包。其中，第二数据包中的数据为背景数据。
具体地，RAN确定第二数据包中的数据是否为背景数据或者前景数据，若第二数据包中的数据为背景数据，则丢弃第二数据包。比如，第二数据包可以携带标识信息，RAN可以根据第二数据包中的标识信息确定第二数据包中的数据是否为背景数据或者是否为前景数据。再如，参考前文中描述的方式二，RAN可以通过解析第二数据包，确定第二数据包中的数据是否为背景数据或者是否为前景数据。
应理解，本申请并不限定S520和S550之间的先后顺序，以及S530和S550之间的先后顺序。
根据本申请提供的传输数据的方法，RAN通过丢弃针对远端终端的背景数据，仅将针对中继终端的背景数据发送给中继终端，再由中继终端通过D2D通信方式将背景数据发送给远端终端，可以避免通过空口无线网络将背景数据重复传输多次，从而能够降低媒体业务传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力。
可选地，在S520之前，该方法还可以包括：
S511～S513，RAN确定第一终端作为中继终端；第一终端和第二终端建立侧链连接；RAN配置第一终端和第二终端之间的侧链对应的通信资源。
步骤S511～S513与前文中方法400中的步骤S411～S413相同，具体可以参考S411～S413，这里不再赘述。
示例性的，S511可以在当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量的情况下执行。
可选地，在S530之前，该方法还可以包括：
S521～S523，RAN从SMF获取第一终端的地址信息；RAN向第二终端发送该地址信息。其中，该地址信息用于第二终端接收来自第一终端发送的第一数据包中的数据。
步骤S521～S523与前文中方法400中的步骤S421～S422相同，具体可以参考S421～S422，这里不再赘述。
应理解，S521可以在S520之后、S530之前执行。
可选地，该方法还可以包括：
S550，UPF向RAN发送第一业务的第三数据包。相应地，RAN接收来自UPF的第三数据包。
S560，RAN向第二终端发送第三数据包。相应地，第二终端接收来自RAN的第三数据包。其中，第三数据包中的数据为前景数据，且第三数据包是针对第二终端的，则
具体地，RAN接收到第三数据包后，若确定第三数据包是针对第二终端的，且第三数据包中的数据为前景数据，则可以通过与第二终端之间的空口连接(例如，Uu口)向第二终端发送第二数据包。第二终端通过解析第三数据包，可以获得第三数据包中的数据(payload)。进一步地，第二终端结合第一数据包中的数据和第三数据包中的数据，可以获得完整的媒体流数据。
基于该方案，可以通过D2D通信方式传输背景数据，通过空口无线资源传输前景数据。通过不同传输方式的结合，一方面能够降低媒体业务传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力，另一方面能够降低传输时延。
可选地，该方法还可以包括：
S570，UPF向RAN发送第一业务的第四数据包。相应地，RAN接收来自UPF的第四数据包。
S580，RAN向第一终端发送第四数据包。相应地，第一终端接收来自RAN的第四数据包。
其中，第四数据包是针对第一终端的，并且第四数据包中的数据为前景数据。
可选地，作为本申请一个实施例，在S510之前，该方法还可以包括：AF/AS向PCF 发送媒体流指示信息和流描述信息；PCF根据媒体流指示信息和流描述信息确定策略与计费控制(policy and charging control，PCC)规则，并向SMF发送媒体流指示信息和该PCC规则；SMF根据媒体流指示信息和PCC规则，生成对应的包检测规则(packet detection rule，PDR)；SMF向UPF发送该PDR。
其中，该流描述信息用于描述第一业务的数据特征。例如，流描述信息可以包括下述中的一项或多项：服务器的IP地址、服务器的传输层端口以及传输层协议类型。
媒体流指示信息用于指示SMF统计当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量，并在当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量的情况下，指示RAN侧确定第一终端。
该PDR用于UPF进行包检测，根据包检测规则识别出终端设备当前访问的业务是否为第一业务。
基于该方案，UPF可以根据PDR，明确终端设备当前访问的业务是否为第一业务，从而在当前终端设备当前访问的业务为第一业务的情况下，向SMF发送第一指示信息，指示UPF接收到第一业务的数据包。
可选的，AF/AS可以向PCF发送标识信息，途径PCF、SMF发往UPF侧，该标识信息用于UPF识别第一业务的数据包中的数据具体为背景数据还是前景数据。
方法400和方法500中均提及第一终端与第二终端建立侧链连接的过程。下面对本申请提供的两种建立侧链连接流程进行说明。
图6是本申请提供的一种建立侧链连接流程示意图。下面对该流程中的各步骤进行说明。
S610，第一终端发送广播信息。
其中，该广播信息包括来自RAN的第六指示信息，第六指示信息用于指示第一业务，第六指示信息可以用于确定第一终端的远端终端，比如第二终端。
应理解，第六指示信息可以是在S411或S511之后或之前，RAN向当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的所有终端发送的。
S620，第二终端根据该广播信息，建立与第一终端之间的侧链连接。
第二终端之前也接收到了第六指示信息，那么第二终端在接收到该广播信息后，可以建立与第一终端之间的侧链连接。
应理解，如果还存在其他远端终端，比如第三终端，并且第三终端之前也接收到了第六指示信息，则第三终端在接收到该广播信息的情况下，也建立与第一终端之间的侧链连接。
对于没有接收到第六指示信息的终端，即使其接收到该广播信息，也不会建立与第一终端之间的侧链连接。
根据本申请提供的方案，通过在广播信息中添加来自RAN的与第一业务相关的指示信息，可以确保只有收到该指示信息的终端之间才能够建立侧链连接，即确保只有当前通过该RAN访问该媒体业务的终端之间才能够建立侧链连接，从而能够避免不必要的侧链连接的建立。
图7是本申请提供的另一种建立侧链连接流程示意图。下面对该流程中的各步骤进行说明。
S710，第二终端发送广播信息。
其中，该广播信息包括来自RAN的第六指示信息，第六指示信息用于指示第一业务，第六指示信息可以用于确定第二终端的中继终端，即第一终端。
应理解，第六指示信息可以是在S411或S511之后或之前，RAN向当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的所有终端发送的。
S720，第一终端根据该广播信息，建立与第二终端之间的侧链连接。
第一终端之前也接收到了第六指示信息，那么第一终端在接收到该广播信息后，可以建立与第二终端之间的侧链连接。
根据本申请提供的方案，通过在广播信息中添加来自RAN的与第一业务相关的指示信息，可以确保只有收到该指示信息的终端之间才能够建立侧链连接，即确保只有当前通过该RAN访问该媒体业务的终端之间才能够建立侧链连接，从而能够避免不必要的侧链连接的建立。
当前技术中，当多个用户在观看相同FoV的直播媒体流时，由于其视角相同，发往这多个用户的数据是相同的，造成了重复的前景数据传输，这将进一步加大媒体业务传输对无线空口网络的压力，难以保障用户侧的媒体观看体验。
有鉴于此，本申请提供了另一种传输数据的方法，在多个用户观看相同FoV的直播媒体流时，通过将中继终端的目标FoV的数据通过D2D通信技术发送给远端终端，并丢弃远端终端的目标FoV的数据，可以达到降低空口无线网络传输压力的目的。下面对该方法进行说明。
图8是本申请提供的另一种传输数据的方法的示意性流程图。该方法800主要包括S810、S820、S830和S840。下面对该方法800中的各步骤进行说明。
S810，UPF向RAN发送第一业务的第一数据包和第二数据包。相应地，RAN接收来自UPF的第一数据包和第二数据包。其中，第一业务可以是媒体业务。
应理解，UPF发送第一数据包和第二数据包的顺序可以由UPF接收到第一数据包和第二数据包的先后顺序决定。比如，如果UPF先接收到第一数据包，再接收到第二数据包，则UPF可以向RAN先发送第一数据包，再发送第二数据包。再如，如果UPF同时或几乎同时接收到第一数据包和第二数据包，则UPF可以同时或几乎同时向RAN发送第一数据包和第二数据包。
本申请中，第一数据包是针对第一终端的，第二数据包是针对第二终端的。具体含义可以参见上文对S410所作的说明，这里不再赘述。并且，第一数据包中的数据和第二数据包中的数据均为第一业务的目标FoV的数据。也就是说，第一终端和第二终端当前均访问第一业务的目标FoV。
可选地，在一个实施例中，该方法还可以包括：
S801a～S803a，UPF向SMF发送多个第一指示信息；SMF根据多个第一指示信息，确定当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端的数量是否大于或等于预设数量；若确定结果为是，SMF向RAN发送第二指示信息。其中，第一指示信息可以指示UPF接收到第一业务的目标FoV的数据包(或者说UPF接收到第一业务的目标FoV的第一个数据包，或者说UPF已经接收到第一业务的目标FoV的数据包)，以及UPF接收到的第 一业务的目标FoV的数据包对应的会话信息。第二指示信息可以指示当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量。
步骤S801a～S803a与前文中方法400中的步骤401a～S403a类似，不同的是，方法400中描述的是当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量，这里描述的是当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端的数量。S801a～S803a具体可以参考401a～S403a，这里不再赘述。
应理解，第一指示信息可以包括多个信息，比如可以包括第一信息和第二信息，第一信息用于指示UPF接收到第一业务的数据包(或者说UPF接收到第一业务的第一个数据包，或者说UPF已经接收到第一业务的数据包)以及UPF接收到的第一业务的的数据包对应的会话信息，第二信息用于指示UPF接收到的第一业务的的数据包为目标FoV的数据包。
可选地，在另一实施例中，该方法还可以包括：
S801b～S803b，UPF向SMF发送多个第一指示信息；SMF向RAN发送该多个第一指示信息；RAN根据该多个第一指示信息，确定当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端的数量是否大于或等于预设数量。其中，第一指示信息的含义参见对S801a中的第一指示信息的说明。
步骤S801b～S803b与前文中方法400中的步骤401b～S403b类似，不同的是，方法400中描述的是当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的终端的数量，这里描述的是当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端的数量。S801b～S803b具体可以参考401b～S403b，这里不再赘述。
可以理解，该方法中的预设数量和方法400中的预设数量可以相同，也可以不同，本申请对此不作限定。
可选地，在又一个实施例中，UPF向RAN发送的第一业务的目标FoV的数据包可以携带第一指示信息，其中，第一指示信息用于指示该数据包为第一业务的对应FoV的数据包。比如，第一数据包和第二数据包均可以携带第一指示信息。RAN在接收到一个数据包后，可以确定该数据包是否为第一业务的目标FoV的数据包，并且可以根据对应PDU会话的隧道地址信息(如IP地址与端口号)获知该数据包对应哪个PDU会话，即对应哪个终端。从而，RAN可以确定访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端设备的数量，以及当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端的数量是否大于或等于预设数量。
在当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量的情况下，可以执行S820和S830。或者，S820和S830的执行不依赖于当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端的数量是否大于或等于预设数量。
S820，RAN向第一终端发送第一数据包。相应地，第一终端接收来自RAN的第一数据包。
具体地，RAN确定第一数据包中的数据是否为第一业务的目标FoV的数据，若第一数据包中的数据为第一业务的目标FoV数据，则RAN向第一终端发送第一数据包。例如，与前文中描述的方式一类似，第一数据包可以携带标识信息，RAN可以根据第一数据包中的标识信息确定第一数据包中的数据是否为第一业务的目标FoV的数据。比如，第一数据包可以携带第一标识信息，RAN可以根据第一标识信息确定第一数据包中的数据为 第一业务的目标FoV的数据。再如，与前文中描述的方式二类似，RAN可以通过解析第一数据包，确定第一数据包中的数据是否为第一业务的目标FoV的数据。
可选地，S820可以在当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量的情况下执行。
S830，第一终端通过与第二终端之间的侧链连接，向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据(记作第一数据)。相应地，第二终端通过其与第一终端之间的侧链连接接收来自第一终端的第一数据。
RAN接收到第一数据包后，可以通过与第一终端之间的空口连接(例如，Uu口)向第一终端发送第一数据包。第一终端通过解析第一数据包，可以获得第一数据包中的数据(payload)。并且，一方面，第一终端可以将第一数据包中的数据保存在本地使用，另一方面可以通过其与第二终端之间的侧链连接向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据，即第一终端可以通过D2D通信方式向第二终端发送第一数据包中的数据。
本申请实施例中，第一终端为第二终端的中继终端，第二终端为第一终端的远端终端。第一终端的远端终端可以仅包括第二终端，也可以包括多个终端，该多个终端包括第二终端，并且该多个终端当前均通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV。若第一终端的远端终端包括多个终端，则第一终端可以分别通过与该多个终端的侧链连接，向该多个终端发送第一数据包中的数据。此外，当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端中，作为中继的终端，即中继终端，可以仅包括第一终端，也可以包括多个终端，其中该多个终端包括第一终端。对于每个中继终端，都可以执行与步骤S830类似的操作。
S840，RAN丢弃第二数据包。
具体地，RAN确定第二数据包中的数据是否为第一业务的目标FoV的数据，若第二数据包中的数据为第一业务的目标FoV的数据，则丢弃第二数据包。比如，与前文中描述的方式一类似，第二数据包可以携带标识信息，RAN可以根据第二数据包中的标识信息确定第二数据包中的数据是否为第一业务的目标FoV的数据。再如，与前文中描述的方式二类似，RAN可以通过解析第二数据包，确定第二数据包中的数据是否为第一业务的目标FoV的数据。
本申请实施例中，其他远端终端，比如，第一终端的其他远端终端，以及当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV的其他中继终端的远端终端(这些远端终端当前也通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV)，可以执行与S840类似的操作。
应理解，本申请并不限定S820和S840之间的先后顺序，以及S830和S840之间的先后顺序。
根据本申请提供的传输数据的方法，在多个终端访问相同业务的相同FoV的情况下，RAN通过丢弃针对远端终端的该FoV的数据，仅将针对中继终端的该FoV的数据发送给中继终端，再由中继终端通过D2D通信方式将其发送给远端终端，可以避免通过空口无线网络将该FoV的数据重复传输多次，从而能够降低媒体业务传输对于空口无线网络传输的压力。
可选地，在S820之前，该方法还可以包括：
S811～S813，RAN确定第一终端作为中继终端；第一终端和第二终端建立侧链连接；RAN配置第一终端和第二终端之间的侧链对应的通信资源。
步骤S811～S813与前文中方法400中的步骤S411～S413类似，不同的是，前文描述的是RAN触发当前通过该RAN访问第一体业务的终端的中继发现和选择流程，这里是RAN触发当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端的中继发现和选择流程。S811～S813可以参考S411～S413，这里不再赘述。
示例性的，S811可以在当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量的情况下执行。
可选地，在S830之前，该方法还可以包括：
S821～S822，RAN从SMF获取第一终端的地址信息；RAN向第二终端发送该地址信息。其中，该地址信息用于第二终端接收来自第一终端发送的第一数据包中的数据。
步骤S821～S822与前文中方法400中的步骤S421～S422相同，具体可以参考S421～S422，这里不再赘述。
应理解，S821可以在S820之后、S830之前执行。
可选地，作为本申请一个实施例，在S810之前，该方法还可以包括：AF/AS向PCF发送媒体流指示信息、流描述信息与第二信息，所述第二信息用于标识第一业务的目标FoV；PCF根据媒体流指示信息和流描述信息确定策略与计费控制(policy and charging control，PCC)规则，并向SMF发送该PCC规则、媒体流指示信息与第二信息；SMF根据媒体流指示信息和PCC规则，生成对应的包检测规则(packet detection rule，PDR)；SMF向UPF发送该PDR与第二信息。
其中，该流描述信息用于描述第一业务数据特征。例如，流描述信息可以包括下述中的一项或多项：服务器的IP地址、服务器的传输层端口以及传输层协议类型。
媒体流指示信息用于指示SMF统计当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端的数量，并在当前通过该RAN访问第一业务的目标FoV的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量的情况下，指示RAN侧确定第一终端。
该PDR用于UPF进行包检测，根据包检测规则识别出终端设备当前访问的业务是否为第一业务。
该第二信息用于UPF进行FoV信息检测，根据第二信息识别出终端设备当前访问的第一业务是否为第一业务的目标FoV。
基于该方案，UPF可以根据PDR与第二信息，明确终端设备当前访问的业务是否为第一业务的目标FoV，从而在当前终端设备当前访问的业务为第一业务的目标FoV情况下，向SMF发送第一指示信息，指示UPF接收到第一业务的目标FoV的数据包。
关于方法800中涉及的第一终端与第二终端建立侧链连接的过程，可以参考上文对图6和图7所示的流程的描述。但图6和图7所示的流程应用在方法800中时，第六指示信息将用于指示第一业务的目标FoV。
可选地，作为本申请一个实施例，方法500、方法600或者方法800还可以包括下述中的一个或多个步骤：
(1)如果第一终端离开第一业务，可以向RAN发送第三指示信息，第三指示信息用于指示第一终端离开第一业务；RAN根据第三指示信息后，向第二终端发送第一业务的数据包。
具体地，如果第一终端即将进入空闲态或者第一终端不再访问第一业务，那么第一终 端可以向RAN发送第三指示信息，比如第一终端可以通过RRC消息发送第三指示信息，或者在上行数据包的PDCP层携带第三指示信息。RAN接收到第三指示信息后，可以获知第一终端即将离开第一业务，从而不再通过D2D的方式向第二终端发送第一终端和第二终端的公共数据，比如背景数据，而通过该RAN和第二终端之间的无线资源，即通过Uu口向第二终端发送第一业务的数据包。
(2)如果UPF检测到第一终端离开第一业务，则向RAN发送第三指示信息，第三指示信息用于指示RAN离开第一业务；RAN根据第三指示信息后，向第二终端发送第一业务的数据包。
具体地，如果UPF检测到第一终端不再访问第一业务，则UPF可以向RAN发送第三指示信息。比如，UPF可以通过控制面(如N4会话上报流程与N2SM消息)或用户面(如通过GTP-U层携带第三指示信息)方式，向RAN发送第三指示信息。RAN接收到第三指示信息后，可以获知第一终端已离开第一业务，从而不再通过D2D的方式向第二终端发送第一终端和第二终端的公共数据，比如背景数据，而通过该RAN和第二终端之间的无线资源，即通过Uu口向第二终端发送第一业务的数据包。
可选地，在RAN收到第三指示信息的情况下，RAN还可以从其余访问第一业务的终端中确定一个或多个终端作为中继终端，并且指示中继终端建立与远端终端的侧链连接，以及分配相应的侧链对应的通信资源。这样，在原来的中继终端离开第一业务的情况下，可以重新选择中继终端，并可以通过D2D的方式传输第一终端和第二终端的公共数据。
(3)在第二终端断开与第一终端之间的侧链连接，并且第二终端还在访问第一业务的情况下，第二终端向RAN发送第四指示信息，第四指示信息用于指示第二终端已断开与第一终端的连接，并且第二终端还在访问第一业务；RAN根据第四指示信息，后续将通过与第二终端之间的无线资源向第二终端发送第一业务的数据包。
可选地，在RAN收到第四指示信息的情况下，RAN还可以从其余访问第一业务的终端中选择第一终端作为第二终端的中继终端，并且指示中继终端建立与第一终端的侧链连接，以及分配相应的侧链对应的通信资源。这样，在第二终端断开与原来的中继终端的连接的情况下，还可以通过D2D的方式接收第一终端和第二终端的公共数据。
(4)如果UPF检测到第二终端离开第一业务或者第二终端进行空闲态，则可以告知RAN。RAN可以向第一终端发送第五指示信息，RAN接收到第五指示信息后，将断开与第二终端之间的侧链连接。
应理解，本申请实施例的各个方案可以进行合理的组合使用，并且实施例中出现的各个术语的解释或说明可以在各个实施例中互相参考或解释，对此不作限定。
还应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定。上述各个过程涉及的各种数字编号或序号仅为描述方便进行的区分，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
上文中结合图5至图8，描述了本申请提供的方法，下面对本申请提供的装置进行说明。
图9是本申请提供的通信装置的示意性框图。如图9所示，该通信装置2000可以包括收发单元2100和处理单元2200。
该收发单元2100可以包括发送单元和/或接收单元。该收发单元2100可以是收发器 (包括发射器和/或接收器)、输入/输出接口(包括输入和/或输出接口)、管脚或电路等。该收发单元2100可以用于执行上述方法实施例中发送和/或接收的步骤。该处理单元2200可以是处理器(可以包括一个多个)、具有处理器功能的处理电路等，可以用于执行上述方法实施例中除发送接收外的其它步骤。
可选地，该通信装置还可以包括存储单元，该存储单元可以是存储器、内部存储单元(例如，寄存器、缓存等)、外部的存储单元(例如，只读存储器、随机存取存储器等)等。该存储单元用于存储指令，该处理单元2200执行该存储单元所存储的指令，以使该通信装置执行上述方法。
一种设计中，该通信装置2000可以对应于上述方法500中的接入网设备(即RAN)，且可以执行接入网设备所执行的操作。
具体地，收发单元2100用于：接收来自用户面网元的第一业务的第一数据包和第二数据包；向第一终端发送所述第一数据包，所述第一数据包中的数据通过所述第一终端与所述第二终端之间的侧链连接转发至所述第二终端；向所述第二终端发送所述第二数据包，所述第一数据包中的数据和所述第二数据包中的数据在所述第二终端处合成完整的业务流数据。
可选地，所述第一数据包中的数据为背景数据，所述第二数据包中的数据为前景数据，所述第一数据包是针对所述第一终端的，所述第二数据包是针对所述第二终端的。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于，接收来自所述用户面网元的所述第一业务的第三数据包；所述处理单元2200还用于，若所述第三数据包中的数据为背景数据，且所述第三数据包是针对所述第二终端的，丢弃所述第三数据包。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于，接收来自会话管理网元的多个第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述UPF接收到所述第一业务的数据包以及所述UPF接收到的所述第一业务的数据包对应的会话信息，所述多个第一指示信息用于所述装置2000确定当前通过所述装置2000访问所述第一业务的终端的数量，所述当前通过所述装置2000访问所述第一业务的终端包括所述第一终端和所述第二终端。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于，接收来自会话管理网元的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示当前通过所述装置2000访问所述第一业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量，所述当前通过所述装置2000访问所述第一业务的终端包括所述第一终端和所述第二终端。
可选地，所述处理单元2200还用于，确定所述第一终端作为中继终端。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于，从会话管理网元获取所述第一终端的地址信息；向所述第二终端发送所述地址信息，所述地址信息用于所述第二终端接收来自所述第一终端的所述第一数据包中的数据。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于，接收第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述第一终端离开所述第一业务；根据所述第三指示信息，向所述第二终端发送所述第一业务的数据包。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于，接收第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示所述第二终端已断开与所述第一终端的连接，并且所述第二终端还在访问所述第一业务；根据所述第四指示信息，向所述第二终端发送所述第一业务的数据包。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于，在所述处理单元2200确定所述第二终端进入空闲态或者变更业务的情况下，向所述第一终端发送第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示所述第一终端断开与所述第二终端的侧链连接。
应理解，收发单元2100以及处理单元2200还可以执行上述方法500中由接入网设备所执行的其他操作，这里不再一一详述。
一种设计中，该通信装置2000可以对应于上述方法500中的第一终端，且可以执行第一终端所执行的操作。
具体地，收发单元2100用于：接收来自接入网设备的第一业务的第一数据包；向第二终端发送所述第一数据包中的数据；接收来自所述接入网设备的所述第一业务的第四数据包，所述第一数据包中的数据和所述第四数据包中的数据在所述装置2000处合成完整的业务流数据。
可选地，所述第一数据包中的数据为背景数据，所述第四数据包中的数据为前景数据，所述第一数据包和所述第四数据包均是针对所述装置2000的。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于：接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一业务；发送广播消息，所述广播消息用于确定所述第二终端，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息，以及，所述第二终端也接收到来自所述接入网设备的所述第六指示信息。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于：接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一业务；接收来自所述第二终端的广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息；所述处理单元2200还用于，根据所述广播消息，确定与所述第二终端建立侧链连接。
一种设计中，该通信装置2000可以对应于上述方法500中的第二终端，且可以执行第二终端所执行的操作。
具体地，收发单元2100用于：接收来自第一终端的第一业务的第一数据；接收来自接入网设备的所述第一业务的第二数据包，所述第一数据和所述第二数据包中的数据在所述装置2000处合成完整的业务流数据。
可选地，所述第一数据为背景数据，所述第一数据为第一数据包中的数据，所述第一数据包是针对所述第一终端的，所述第二数据包中的数据为前景数据，所述第二数据包是针对所述装置2000的。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于：接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一业务；发送广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息，以及，所述第一终端也接收到来自所述接入网设备的所述第六指示信息。
一种设计中，该通信装置2000可以对应于上述方法600中的接入网设备(即RAN)，且可以执行接入网设备所执行的操作。
具体地，收发单元2100用于：接收来自用户面网元的第一业务的第一数据包和第二数据包，所述第一业务为媒体业务；向第一终端发送所述第一数据包，并且，所述第一数据包中的数据通过所述第一终端与第二终端之间的侧链连接转发至所述第二终端，其中，所述第一数据包中的数据为背景数据，且所述第一数据包是针对所述第一终端的。处理单元2200用于，丢弃所述第二数据包，其中，所述第二数据包中的数据为背景数据，且所 述第二数据包是针对所述第二终端的。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于：接收来自所述用户面网元的所述第一业务的第三数据包；向所述第二终端发送所述第三数据包，其中，所述第三数据包中的数据为前景数据，且所述第三数据包是针对所述第二终端的。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于：接收来自会话管理网元的多个第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述用户面网元接收到所述第一业务的数据包以及所述用户面网元接收到的所述第一业务的数据包对应的会话信息，所述多个第一指示信息用于所述处理单元2200确定当前通过所述装置2000访问所述第一业务的终端的数量，所述当前通过所述装置2000访问所述第一业务的终端包括所述第一终端和所述第二终端。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于：接收来自会话管理网元的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示当前通过所述装置2000访问所述第一业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量，所述当前通过所述装置2000访问所述第一业务的终端包括所述第一终端和所述第二终端。
可选地，所述处理单元2200还用于：确定所述第一终端作为中继终端。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于：从会话管理网元获取所述第一终端的地址信息；向所述第二终端发送所述地址信息，所述地址信息用于所述第二终端接收来自所述第一终端的所述第一数据包中的数据。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于：接收第三指示信息，所述三指示信息用于指示所述第一终端离开所述第一业务；根据所述第三指示信息，向所述第二终端发送所述第一业务的数据包。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于：接收第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示所述第二终端已断开与所述第一终端的连接，并且所述第二终端还在访问所述第一业务；根据所述第四指示信息，向所述第二终端发送所述第一业务的数据包。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于：在所述处理单元2200确定所述第二终端进入空闲态或者变更业务的情况下，向所述第一终端发送第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示所述第一终端断开与所述第二终端的连接。
一种设计中，该通信装置2000可以对应于上述方法600中的第一终端，且可以执行第一终端所执行的操作。
具体地，收发单元2100用于：接收来自接入网设备的第一业务的第一数据包和第四数据包，所述第一业务为媒体业务，所述第一数据包中的数据为背景数据，所述第四数据包中的数据为前景数据，且所述第一数据包和所述第四数据包均是针对所述装置2000的；向第二终端发送所述第一数据包中的数据。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于：接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一业务；发送广播消息，所述广播消息用于确定所述第二终端，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息，以及，所述第二终端也接收到来自所述接入网设备的所述第六指示信息。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于：接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一业务；接收来自所述第二终端的广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息。所述处理单元2200用于，根据所述广播消息，确定与所述第 二终端建立侧链连接。
一种设计中，该通信装置2000可以对应于上述方法600中的第二终端，且可以执行第二终端所执行的操作。
具体地，收发单元2100用于：接收来自第一终端的第一业务的第一数据，所述第一业务为媒体业务，所述第一数据为第一数据包中的数据，所述第一数据为背景数据，所述第一数据包是针对所述第一终端的；接收来自接入网设备的所述第一业务的第二数据包，所述第二数据包中的数据为前景数据，且所述第二数据包是针对所述装置2000的。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于：接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一业务；发送广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息，以及，所述第一终端也接收到来自所述接入网设备的所述第六指示信息。
一种设计中，该通信装置2000可以对应于上述方法800中的接入网设备(即RAN)，且可以执行接入网设备所执行的操作。
具体地，收发单元2100用于：接收来自用户面网元的第一业务的第一数据包和第二数据包，所述第一业务为媒体业务；向第一终端发送所述第一数据包，并且，所述第一数据包中的数据通过所述第一终端与第二终端之间的侧链连接转发至所述第二终端，其中，所述第一数据包中的数据为目标视场角FoV的数据，且所述第一数据包是针对所述第一终端的。处理单元2200用于，丢弃所述第二数据包，其中，所述第二数据包中的数据为所述目标FoV的数据，且所述第二数据包是针对所述第二终端的。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于，接收来自会话管理网元的多个第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述用户面网元接收到所述目标FoV的数据包以及所述用户面网元接收到的所述目标FoV的数据包对应的会话信息，所述多个第一指示信息用于所述处理单元2200确定当前通过所述装置2000访问所述目标FoV的终端的数量，所述当前通过所述装置2000访问所述目标FoV的终端包括所述第一终端和所述第二终端。其中，所述收发单元2100具体用于：在所述当前通过所述装置2000访问所述目标FoV的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量的情况下，向所述第一终端发送所述第一数据包。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于，接收来自会话管理网元的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示当前通过所述装置2000访问所述目标FoV的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量，所述当前通过所述装置2000访问所述目标FoV的终端包括所述第一终端和所述第二终端。
可选地，所述处理单元2200还用于，确定所述第一终端作为中继终端。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于，从会话管理网元获取所述第一终端的地址信息；向所述第二终端发送所述地址信息，所述地址信息用于所述第二终端接收来自所述第一终端的所述第一数据包中的数据。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于，接收第三指示信息，所述三指示信息用于指示所述第一终端离开所述第一业务；根据所述第三指示信息，向所述第二终端发送所述第一业务的数据包。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于，接收第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示所述第二终端已断开与所述第一终端的连接，并且所述第二终端还在访问所述第一业务；根据所述第四指示信息，向所述第二终端发送所述第一业务的数据包。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于，在所述处理单元2200确定所述第二终端进入空闲态或者变更业务的情况下，向所述第一终端发送第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示所述第一终端断开与所述第二终端的侧链连接。
一种设计中，该通信装置2000可以对应于上述方法800中的第一终端，且可以执行第一终端所执行的操作。
具体地，收发单元2100用于：接收来自接入网设备的第一业务的目标视场角FoV的第一数据包，所述第一业务为媒体业务，所述第一数据包是针对所述装置2000的；向第二终端发送所述第一数据包中的数据。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于：接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述目标FoV；发送广播消息，所述广播消息用于确定所述第二终端，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息，以及，所述第二终端也接收到来自所述接入网设备的所述第六指示信息。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于：接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述目标FoV；接收来自所述第二终端的广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息。所述处理单元2200还用于，根据所述广播消息，确定与所述第二终端建立侧链连接。
一种设计中，该通信装置2000可以对应于上述方法800中的第二终端，且可以执行第二终端所执行的操作。
具体地，收发单元2100用于，接收来自第一终端的第一业务的第一数据，所述第一业务为媒体业务，所述第一数据为第一数据包中的数据，所述第一数据为目标视场角FoV的数据，所述第一数据包是针对所述第一终端的。
可选地，所述收发单元2100还用于：接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述目标FoV；发送广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息，以及，所述第一终端也接收到来自所述接入网设备的所述第六指示信息。
此外，该通信装置2000还可以可对应于上述方法实施例中的其他网元，如方法500、600或者800中的应用网元(如AF或AS)、用户面网元(如UPF)、会话管理网元(如SMF)等，且可以执行相应网元所执行的操作。
应理解，上述各个单元的划分仅仅是功能上的划分，实际实现时可能会有其它的划分方法。
还应理解，上述处理单元可以通过硬件来实现也可以通过软件来实现，或者可以通过软硬结合的方式实现。
还应理解，该通信装置2000为接入网设备时，该通信装置中的收发单元2100可对应于图10中示出的接入网设备2000中的RRU 3100，该通信装置中的处理单元2200可对应于图10中示出的接入网设备2000中的BBU 3200。通信装置2000为配置于接入网设备中的芯片时，该通信装置中的收发单元2100可以为输入/输出接口。
还应理解，该通信装置2000为终端设备时，该通信装置2000中的收发单元2100可对应于图11中示出的终端设备4000中的收发器4002，该通信装置2000中的处理单元2200可对应于图11中示出的终端设备4000中的处理器4001。
图10是本申请实施例提供的接入网设备的结构示意图，例如可以为基站的结构示意 图。该接入网设备3000可执行上述系统中接入网设备或方法实施例中RAN的功能。
如图所示，该接入网设备3000可以包括一个或多个射频单元，如远端射频单元(remote radio unit，RRU)3100和一个或多个基带单元(BBU)(也可称为分布式单元(DU))3200。所述RRU 3100可以称为收发单元或通信单元，与图9中的收发单元2100对应。
可选地，该收发单元3100还可以称为收发机、收发电路、或者收发器等等，其可以包括至少一个天线3101和射频单元3102。可选地，收发单元3100可以包括接收单元和发送单元，接收单元可以对应于接收器(或称接收机、接收电路)，发送单元可以对应于发射器(或称发射机、发射电路)。所述RRU 3100部分主要用于射频信号的收发以及射频信号与基带信号的转换。所述BBU 3200部分主要用于进行基带处理，对基站进行控制等。所述RRU 3100与BBU 3200可以是物理上设置在一起，也可以物理上分离设置的，即分布式基站。
所述BBU 3200为基站的控制中心，也可以称为处理单元，可以与图9中的处理单元2200对应，主要用于完成基带处理功能，如信道编码，复用，调制，扩频等等。例如所述BBU(处理单元)可以用于控制基站执行上述方法实施例中关于接入网设备的操作流程。
在一个示例中，所述BBU 3200可以由一个或多个单板构成，多个单板可以共同支持单一接入制式的无线接入网(如LTE网)，也可以分别支持不同接入制式的无线接入网(如LTE网，5G网或其他网)。所述BBU 3200还包括存储器3201和处理器3202。所述存储器3201用以存储必要的指令和数据。所述处理器3202用于控制基站进行必要的动作，例如用于控制基站执行上述方法实施例中关于接入网设备的操作流程。所述存储器3201和处理器3202可以服务于一个或多个单板。也就是说，可以每个单板上单独设置存储器和处理器。也可以是多个单板共用相同的存储器和处理器。此外每个单板上还可以设置有必要的电路。
应理解，图10所示的接入网设备3000能够实现前述方法实施例中涉及接入网设备的各个过程。接入网设备3000中的各个模块的操作或功能，分别为了实现上述方法实施例中的相应流程。具体可参见上述方法实施例中的描述，为避免重复，此处适当省略详细描述。
上述BBU 3200可以用于执行前面方法实施例中描述的由接入网设备内部实现的动作，而RRU 3100可以用于执行前面方法实施例中描述的接入网设备发送接收的动作。具体请见前面方法实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
图11是本申请实施例提供的终端4000的结构示意图。如图所示，该终端4000包括处理器4001和收发器4002。可选地，该终端4000还可以包括存储器4003。其中，处理器4001、收发器4002和存储器4003之间可以通过内部连接通路互相通信，传递控制和/或数据信号，该存储器4003用于存储计算机程序，该处理器4001用于从该存储器4003中调用并运行该计算机程序，以控制该收发器4002收发信号。
上述处理器4001和存储器4003可以合成一个处理装置4004，处理器4001用于执行存储器4003中存储的程序代码来实现上述功能。应理解，图中所示的处理装置4004仅为示例。在具体实现时，该存储器4003也可以集成在处理器4001中，或者独立于处理器4001。本申请对此不做限定。
上述终端4000还可以包括天线4010，用于将收发器4002输出的上行数据或上行控制信令通过无线信号发送出去。
应理解，图11所示的终端4000能够实现前述方法实施例中涉及终端(如第一终端或第二终端)的各个过程。终端4000中的各个模块的操作或功能，分别为了实现上述方法实施例中的相应流程。具体可参见上述方法实施例中的描述，为避免重复，此处适当省略详细描述。
可选地，上述终端4000还可以包括电源4005，用于向终端中的各种器件或电路提供电源。
除此之外，为了使得终端的功能更加完善，该终端4000还可以包括输入单元4006、显示单元4007、音频电路4008、摄像头4009和传感器4011等中的一个或多个，所述音频电路还可以包括扬声器40081、麦克风40082等。
应理解，所述处理装置4004或处理器4001可以是一个芯片。例如，该处理装置4004或处理器4001可以是现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)，可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，还可以是系统芯片(system on chip，SoC)，还可以是中央处理器(central processor unit，CPU)，还可以是网络处理器(network processor，NP)，还可以是数字信号处理电路(digital signal processor，DSP)，还可以是微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)，还可以是可编程控制器(programmable logic device，PLD)或其他集成芯片。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
本申请中的存储器(如存储器4003)可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
图12是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置5000的示意性框图。本申请中所涉及的任一网元，如接入网设备、第一终端、第二终端、会话管理网元等都可以由图12所示的通信装置来实现。
应理解，通信装置5000可以是实体设备，也可以是实体设备的部件(例如，集成电路，芯片等等)，还可以是实体设备中的功能模块。
如图12所示，该通信装置5000包括：一个或多个处理器5001。处理器5001可以存储用于执行本申请实施例的方法的执行指令。可选地，处理器5001中可以调用接口实现接收和发送功能。所述接口可以是逻辑接口或物理接口，对此不作限定。例如，接口可以是收发电路，或是接口电路。用于实现接收和发送功能的收发电路、或接口电路可以是分开的，也可以集成在一起。上述收发电路或接口电路可以用于代码/数据的读写，或者，上述收发电路或接口电路可以用于信号的传输或传递。
可选地，接口可以通过收发器实现。可选地，该通信装置5000还可以包括收发器5003。所述收发器5003可以称为收发单元、收发机、收发电路或者收发器等，用于实现收发功能。
可选地，该通信装置5000还可以包括存储器5002。本申请实施例对存储器5002的具体部署位置不作具体限定，该存储器可以集成于处理器中，也可以是独立于处理器之外。对于该通信装置5000不包括存储器的情形，该通信装置5000具备处理功能即可，存储器可以部署在其他位置(如，云系统)。
处理器5001、存储器5002和收发器5003之间通过内部连接通路互相通信，传递控制和/或数据信号。
可以理解的是，尽管并未示出，通信装置5000还可以包括其他装置，例如输入装置、输出装置、电池等。
可选的，在一些实施例中，存储器5002可以存储用于执行本申请实施例的方法的执行指令。处理器5001可以执行存储器5002中存储的指令结合其他硬件(例如收发器5003)完成本文所示方法执行的步骤，具体工作过程和有益效果可以参见本文中方法实施例中的描述。
本申请实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器5003中，或者由处理器5003实现。处理器5003可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，方法的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、闪存、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的指令，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，当该计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行前述任一方法实施例中任一网元(如，接入网设备、第一终端、第二终端、会话管理网元、 或者用户面网元等)的方法。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种计算机可读介质，该计算机可读介质存储有程序代码，当该程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行前述任一方法实施例中任一网元的的方法。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种系统，其包括下述中的一项或多项：接入网设备、会话管理网元、或者用户面网元。
本申请实施例还提供了一种处理装置，包括处理器和接口；所述处理器用于执行上述任一方法实施例中的方法。
应理解，上述处理装置可以是一个芯片。例如，该处理装置可以是现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)，可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，还可以是系统芯片(system on chip，SoC)，还可以是中央处理器(central processor unit，CPU)，还可以是网络处理器(network processor，NP)，还可以是数字信号处理电路(digital signal processor，DSP)，还可以是微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)，还可以是可编程控制器(programmable logic device，PLD)或其他集成芯片。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，高密度数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，固态硬盘(solid state disc，SSD))等。
在本说明书中使用的术语“部件”、“模块”、“系统”等用于表示计算机相关的实体、硬件、固件、硬件和软件的组合、软件、或执行中的软件。例如，部件可以是但不限于，在处理器上运行的进程、处理器、对象、可执行文件、执行线程、程序或计算机。通过图示，在计算设备上运行的应用和计算设备都可以是部件。一个或多个部件可驻留在进 程或执行线程中，部件可位于一个计算机上或分布在2个或更多个计算机之间。此外，这些部件可从在上面存储有各种数据结构的各种计算机可读介质执行。部件可例如根据具有一个或多个数据分组(例如来自与本地系统、分布式系统或网络间的另一部件交互的二个部件的数据，例如通过信号与其它系统交互的互联网)的信号通过本地或远程进程来通信。
应理解，说明书通篇中提到的“实施例”意味着与实施例有关的特定特征、结构或特性包括在本申请的至少一个实施例中。因此，在整个说明书各个实施例未必一定指相同的实施例。此外，这些特定的特征、结构或特性可以任意适合的方式结合在一个或多个实施例中。
应理解，在本申请实施例中，编号“第一”、“第二”…仅仅为了区分不同的对象，比如为了区分不同的网络设备，并不对本申请实施例的范围构成限制，本申请实施例并不限于此。
还应理解，在本申请中，“当…时”、“若”以及“如果”均指在某种客观情况下网元会做出相应的处理，并非是限定时间，且也不要求网元实现时一定要有判断的动作，也不意味着存在其它限定。
还应理解，在本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。
还应理解，在本申请各实施例中，“A对应的B”表示B与A相关联，根据A可以确定B。但还应理解，根据A确定B并不意味着仅仅根据A确定B，还可以根据A和/或其它信息确定B。
还应理解，本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请中出现的类似于“项目包括如下中的一项或多项：A，B，以及C”表述的含义，如无特别说明，通常是指该项目可以为如下中任一个：A；B；C；A和B；A和C；B和C；A，B和C；A和A；A，A和A；A，A和B；A，A和C，A，B和B；A，C和C；B和B，B，B和B，B，B和C，C和C；C，C和C，以及其他A，B和C的组合。以上是以A，B和C共3个元素进行举例来说明该项目的可选用条目，当表达为“项目包括如下中至少一种：A，B，……，以及X”时，即表达中具有更多元素时，那么该项目可以适用的条目也可以按照前述规则获得。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所 显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器ROM、随机存取存储器RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种传输数据的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接入网设备接收来自用户面网元的第一业务的第一数据包和第二数据包；
    所述接入网设备向第一终端发送所述第一数据包，所述第一数据包中的数据通过所述第一终端与所述第二终端之间的侧链连接转发至所述第二终端；
    所述接入网设备向所述第二终端发送所述第二数据包，所述第一数据包中的数据和所述第二数据包中的数据在所述第二终端处合成完整的业务流数据。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据包中的数据为背景数据，所述第二数据包中的数据为前景数据，所述第一数据包是针对所述第一终端的，所述第二数据包是针对所述第二终端的。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述用户面网元的所述第一业务的第三数据包；
    若所述第三数据包中的数据为背景数据，且所述第三数据包是针对所述第二终端的，所述接入网设备丢弃所述第三数据包。
  4. 如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备接收来自会话管理网元的多个第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述用户面网元接收到所述第一业务的数据包以及所述用户面网元接收到的所述第一业务的数据包对应的会话信息，所述多个第一指示信息用于所述接入网设备确定当前通过所述接入网设备访问所述第一业务的终端的数量，所述当前通过所述接入网设备访问所述第一业务的终端包括所述第一终端和所述第二终端。
  5. 如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述接入网设备向第一终端发送所述第一数据包之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备接收来自会话管理网元的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示当前通过所述接入网设备访问所述第一业务的终端的数量大于或等于预设数量，所述当前通过所述接入网设备访问所述第一业务的终端包括所述第一终端和所述第二终端。
  6. 如所述权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述接入网设备向第一终端发送所述第一数据包之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备确定所述第一终端作为中继终端。
  7. 如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备从会话管理网元获取所述第一终端的地址信息；
    所述接入网设备向所述第二终端发送所述地址信息，所述地址信息用于所述第二终端接收来自所述第一终端的所述第一数据包中的数据。
  8. 如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备接收第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述第一终端离开所述第一业务；
    所述接入网设备根据所述第三指示信息，向所述第二终端发送所述第一业务的数据包。
  9. 如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备接收第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示所述第二终端已断开与所述第一终端的连接，并且所述第二终端还在访问所述第一业务；
    所述接入网设备根据所述第四指示信息，向所述第二终端发送所述第一业务的数据包。
  10. 如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备在确定所述第二终端进入空闲态或者变更业务的情况下，向所述第一终端发送第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示所述第一终端断开与所述第二终端的侧链连接。
  11. 一种传输数据的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一终端接收来自接入网设备的第一业务的第一数据包；
    所述第一终端向第二终端发送所述第一数据包中的数据；
    所述第一终端接收来自所述接入网设备的所述第一业务的第四数据包，所述第一数据包中的数据和所述第四数据包中的数据在所述第一终端处合成完整的业务流数据。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据包中的数据为背景数据，所述第四数据包中的数据为前景数据，所述第一数据包和所述第四数据包均是针对所述第一终端的。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一终端向第二终端发送所述第一数据包中的数据之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一终端接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一业务；
    所述第一终端发送广播消息，所述广播消息用于确定所述第二终端，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息，以及，所述第二终端也接收到来自所述接入网设备的所述第六指示信息。
  14. 如权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一终端向第二终端发送所述第一数据包中的数据之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一终端接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一业务；
    所述第一终端接收来自所述第二终端的广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息；
    所述第一终端根据所述广播消息，确定与所述第二终端建立侧链连接。
  15. 一种传输数据的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第二终端接收来自第一终端的第一业务的第一数据；
    所述第二终端接收来自接入网设备的所述第一业务的第二数据包，所述第一数据和所述第二数据包中的数据在所述第二终端处合成完整的业务流数据。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据为背景数据，所述第一数据为第一数据包中的数据，所述第一数据包是针对所述第一终端的，所述第二数据包中的数据为前景数据，所述第二数据包是针对所述第二终端的。
  17. 如权利要求15或16所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第二终端接收来自第一终端的第一业务的第一数据之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二终端接收来自所述接入网设备的第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示 所述第一业务；
    所述第二终端发送广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第六指示信息，以及，所述第一终端也接收到来自所述接入网设备的所述第六指示信息。
  18. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于实现如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法的单元。
  19. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于实现如权利要求11至14中任一项所述的方法的单元。
  20. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于实现如权利要求15至17中任一项所述的方法的单元。
  21. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得所述装置执行如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法。
  22. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得所述装置执行如权利要求11至14中任一项所述的方法。
  23. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得所述装置执行如权利要求15至17中任一项所述的方法。
  24. 一种可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序或指令，其特征在于，所述计算机程序或指令被执行时使得计算机执行如权利要求1至17中任一项所述的方法。
  25. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机程序指令，该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行：如权利要求1至17中任一项所述的方法。
  26. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求18或21所述的通信装置。
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