WO2021212999A1 - 媒体报文的传输方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

媒体报文的传输方法、装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021212999A1
WO2021212999A1 PCT/CN2021/077697 CN2021077697W WO2021212999A1 WO 2021212999 A1 WO2021212999 A1 WO 2021212999A1 CN 2021077697 W CN2021077697 W CN 2021077697W WO 2021212999 A1 WO2021212999 A1 WO 2021212999A1
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Prior art keywords
network element
media message
user plane
plane network
media
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PCT/CN2021/077697
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李永翠
潘奇
黄正磊
倪慧
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP21792189.9A priority Critical patent/EP4120732A4/en
Publication of WO2021212999A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021212999A1/zh
Priority to US17/968,321 priority patent/US20230117868A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H04L65/612—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for unicast
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H04L65/613—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for the control of the source by the destination
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/65—Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
    • H04N21/2387—Stream processing in response to a playback request from an end-user, e.g. for trick-play
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/643—Communication protocols
    • H04N21/6437—Real-time Transport Protocol [RTP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/65—Transmission of management data between client and server
    • H04N21/658—Transmission by the client directed to the server
    • H04N21/6587—Control parameters, e.g. trick play commands, viewpoint selection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
    • H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
    • H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0268—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/24—Negotiating SLA [Service Level Agreement]; Negotiating QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a method, device and system for transmitting media messages.
  • encoding technology can be used to encode the data of the media service to generate a media message, so as to realize the compression of the data of the media service, so as to reduce the demand of the data of the media service on the network bandwidth and shorten the transmission Time to improve user experience.
  • each terminal can request different media messages from the application server through the user plane network element according to different client operations of the user.
  • the user plane network element may send the media message to each terminal according to the sequence of the media message sent by the application server.
  • a terminal when a terminal obtains a media message, it needs to wait for the user plane network element to send the media message before the media message corresponding to the terminal before sending the media message to the terminal, resulting in The terminal waits for a long time for buffering when playing media messages, which affects the user's viewing experience. For example, taking the client operation of the terminal 1 as a suspension as an example, although the client operation of the terminal 1 is a suspension, the terminal 1 will still request media messages from the application server through the user plane network element for background caching. If during this process, the user of terminal 2 wants to start playing a video, that is, the client operation of terminal 2 is the initial playback.
  • the user plane network element When the user plane network element sends a media message to terminal 2, although the client operation of terminal 1 is suspended, the user plane network element still needs to set the media message corresponding to terminal 1 before the media message corresponding to terminal 2. Only by sending to terminal 1 can the media message corresponding to terminal 2 be sent to terminal 2, resulting in a long time for the user of terminal 2 to wait for buffering when playing the media message.
  • the client operation of the terminal 1 is normal playback
  • the user of the terminal 1 wants to fast forward or rewind, that is, the client operation of the terminal 1 changes from normal playback to jump.
  • the user plane network element When the user plane network element sends the media message corresponding to the jump to the terminal 1, it still needs to send the media message corresponding to the normal playback before the media message corresponding to the jump to the terminal 1 before the jump corresponds to the media message.
  • the media message is sent to terminal 1, causing the user of terminal 1 to wait for a long time for buffering when fast forwarding or rewinding.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a method, device, and system for transmitting media messages, which can solve the technical problem of long waiting time for buffering when a terminal plays a media message in the prior art.
  • a method for transmitting media messages includes: a user plane network element receives a media message from an application server; the user plane network element determines associated information corresponding to the media message; wherein the associated information is The information associated with the client operation corresponding to the media message; the user plane network element sends the media message to the access network network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information.
  • the user plane network element can determine the associated information corresponding to the media message according to the received media message sent by the application server; and flow to the access network element through the QoS corresponding to the associated information Send media messages.
  • the user plane network element in the embodiment of the present application can use the associated information corresponding to the media message The corresponding QoS flow sends the media message to the access network element to realize the differentiated transmission of the media message, shorten the waiting time for buffering when the terminal plays the media message, and improve the user's viewing experience.
  • the user plane network element recognizes the media message carrying the related information to obtain the related information; or the user plane network element receives the related information from the application server; or the user plane network element according to The obtained media message request used to request the media message from the application server determines the client operation corresponding to the media message request, and determines the associated information according to the media message request corresponding to the media message corresponding to the client operation.
  • the user plane network element can use any of the above methods to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message, which provides a feasible solution for the user plane network element to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message.
  • the user plane network element performs application layer recognition on the media message to obtain associated information; or the user plane network element performs transmission layer recognition on the media message , To obtain the associated information; or the user plane network element performs network layer identification on the media message to obtain the associated information.
  • the user plane network element can use any of the above methods to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message, which provides a feasible solution for the user plane network element to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message.
  • the media message request includes a real-time streaming protocol RTSP request, and the user plane network element determines the client operation corresponding to the media message request according to the RTSP request;
  • the media message request includes the index number of the media message, and the user plane network element determines the client operation corresponding to the media message request according to the index number of the media message.
  • the user plane network element can determine the client operation corresponding to the media message request according to the RTSP request or the index number of the media message, which provides a possibility for the user plane network element to determine the client operation corresponding to the media message request Sexual program.
  • the associated information includes first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the client operation corresponding to the media message; or the associated information includes The second indication information, where the second indication information is used to indicate the priority corresponding to the client operation corresponding to the media message.
  • the associated information can be the client operation corresponding to the media message, or the priority corresponding to the client operation, or other information related to the client operation of the media message, etc., without limitation .
  • the user plane network element when the associated information includes the first indication information, the user plane network element according to the client operation indicated by the first indication information and the first corresponding relationship, Determine the QoS flow corresponding to the client operation; among them, different client operations correspond to different QoS flows; the first correspondence is the correspondence between the client operation and the QoS flow; the user plane network element operates the corresponding QoS flow through the client, Send media messages to network elements of the access network.
  • the user plane network element receives the first correspondence from the session management network element.
  • the user plane network element can send media messages corresponding to different client operations to the access through different QoS streams according to the correspondence between the client operations sent by the session management network element and the QoS flow.
  • Network elements to achieve differentiated transmission of media messages, shorten the waiting time for buffering when the terminal plays media messages, and improve user viewing experience.
  • the user plane network element when the associated information includes the second indication information, when different priorities correspond to different QoS flows, the user plane network element follows the second indication The priority indicated by the information and the second correspondence relationship, the media message is sent to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the priority; where the second correspondence relationship is the correspondence between the priority corresponding to the client operation and the QoS flow Relationship; or when different priorities correspond to the same QoS flow, the user plane network element sends the media message to the access network according to the priority through the QoS flow according to the priority indicated by the second indication information and the second correspondence. Yuan; where the second correspondence is the correspondence between the priority corresponding to the client operation and the QoS flow.
  • the user plane network element receives the second correspondence from the session management network element.
  • the user plane network element can pass the priority of the media message corresponding to the priority of the client operation according to the correspondence between the priority of the client operation sent by the session management network element and the QoS flow.
  • the corresponding QoS stream is sent to the access network element to realize the differentiated transmission of the media message, shorten the waiting time for buffering when the terminal plays the media message, and improve the user's viewing experience.
  • the user plane network element receives a message from the session management network element for instructing the user plane network element to receive the media message, and then determines the media message correspondence The third indication information of the associated information; the user plane network element determines the associated information corresponding to the media message according to the third indication information and the received media message.
  • the user plane network element can determine the need to determine the associated information corresponding to the received media message according to the received third indication information, and then in the subsequent data transmission process, according to the received media message, Determine the associated information corresponding to the media message.
  • the user plane network element in combination with the first aspect or the possible design of the first aspect, within the validity period of the timer, the user plane network element sends a media message to the access network network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information.
  • the user plane network element receives the timer from the session management network element.
  • the user plane network element can send media messages to the access network network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information according to the timer sent by the session management network element within the validity period of the timer.
  • the transmission of media messages by the user plane network element is more flexible.
  • the client operation includes at least one of the following: initial play, jump, normal play, and pause.
  • the client operation can be the aforementioned client operation or other client operations, which is not limited.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication device.
  • the communication device can implement the functions performed by the user plane network elements in the first aspect or the possible design of the first aspect, and the functions can execute the corresponding software through hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions. For example, receiving module, processing module, sending module.
  • the receiving module is used to receive media messages from the application server.
  • the processing module is used to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message; where the associated information is information associated with the client operation corresponding to the media message.
  • the sending module is used to send media messages to the network element of the access network through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information.
  • the specific implementation of the communication device may refer to the behavioral function of the user plane network element in the media message transmission method provided in the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect, based on the communication described in the second aspect.
  • the user plane network element can determine the associated information corresponding to the media message according to the received media message sent by the application server; and send the media message to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information.
  • the user plane network element in the embodiment of the present application can use the associated information corresponding to the media message
  • the corresponding QoS flow sends the media message to the access network element to realize the differentiated transmission of the media message, shorten the waiting time for buffering when the terminal plays the media message, and improve the user's viewing experience.
  • the processing module is used to identify the media message carrying the associated information to obtain the associated information; or the receiving module is used to receive the associated information from the application server; or the processing module, Used to determine the client operation corresponding to the media message request according to the obtained media message request used to request the media message from the application server, and determine the associated information according to the media message request corresponding to the media message corresponding to the client operation .
  • the user plane network element can use any of the above methods to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message, which provides a feasible solution for the user plane network element to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message.
  • the processing module is used to identify the media message at the application layer to obtain the associated information; or to identify the media message at the transport layer to obtain the association Information; or network-layer identification of media messages to obtain associated information.
  • the user plane network element can use any of the above methods to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message, which provides a feasible solution for the user plane network element to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message.
  • the media message request includes a real-time streaming protocol RTSP request, and a processing module is used to determine the client operation corresponding to the media message request according to the RTSP request
  • the media message request includes the index number of the media message
  • the processing module is used to determine the client operation corresponding to the media message request according to the index number of the media message.
  • the user plane network element can determine the client operation corresponding to the media message request according to the RTSP request or the index number of the media message, which provides a possibility for the user plane network element to determine the client operation corresponding to the media message request Sexual program.
  • the associated information includes first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the client operation corresponding to the media message; or the associated information includes The second indication information, where the second indication information is used to indicate the priority corresponding to the client operation corresponding to the media message.
  • the associated information can be the client operation corresponding to the media message, or the priority corresponding to the client operation, or other information related to the client operation of the media message, etc., without limitation .
  • the processing module when the associated information includes the first indication information, the processing module is configured to operate according to the client operation indicated by the first indication information and the first corresponding relationship , Determine the QoS flow corresponding to the client operation; among them, different client operations correspond to different QoS flows; the first correspondence is the correspondence between the client operation and the QoS flow; the sending module is used to operate the corresponding QoS through the client Stream, sending media messages to the access network elements.
  • the receiving module is configured to receive the first correspondence from the session management network element.
  • the user plane network element can send media messages corresponding to different client operations to the access through different QoS streams according to the correspondence between the client operations sent by the session management network element and the QoS flow.
  • Network elements to achieve differentiated transmission of media messages, shorten the waiting time for buffering when the terminal plays media messages, and improve user viewing experience.
  • the sending module when the associated information includes the second indication information, when different priorities correspond to different QoS flows, the sending module is configured to perform according to the second The priority indicated by the indication information and the second corresponding relationship, the media message is sent to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the priority; where the second corresponding relationship is the relationship between the priority corresponding to the client operation and the QoS flow Correspondence; or when different priorities correspond to the same QoS flow, the sending module is used to send the media message to the access according to the priority through the QoS flow according to the priority indicated by the second indication information and the second correspondence.
  • Network element wherein, the second correspondence is the correspondence between the priority corresponding to the client operation and the QoS flow.
  • the receiving module is configured to receive the second correspondence from the session management network element.
  • the user plane network element can pass the priority of the media message corresponding to the priority of the client operation according to the correspondence between the priority of the client operation sent by the session management network element and the QoS flow.
  • the corresponding QoS stream is sent to the access network element to realize the differentiated transmission of the media message, shorten the waiting time for buffering when the terminal plays the media message, and improve the user's viewing experience.
  • the receiving module is configured to receive the media message from the session management network element and indicate that the user plane network element receives the media message.
  • Corresponding third indication information of the associated information a processing module, configured to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message according to the third indication information and the received media message.
  • the user plane network element can determine the need to determine the associated information corresponding to the received media message according to the received third indication information, and then in the subsequent data transmission process, according to the received media message, Determine the associated information corresponding to the media message.
  • the sending module is configured to send media messages to the network element of the access network through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information within the valid period of the timer.
  • the receiving module is configured to receive the timer from the session management network element.
  • the user plane network element can send media messages to the access network network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information according to the timer sent by the session management network element within the validity period of the timer.
  • the transmission of media messages by the user plane network element is more flexible.
  • the client operation includes at least one of the following: initial play, jump, normal play, and pause.
  • the client operation can be the aforementioned client operation or other client operations, which is not limited.
  • a communication device may be a user plane network element or a chip or a system on a chip in a user plane network element.
  • the communication device can realize the functions performed by the user plane network elements in the above-mentioned aspects or various possible designs, and the functions can be realized by hardware.
  • the communication device may include a transceiver and a processor. The transceiver and the processor may be used to support the communication device to implement the foregoing first aspect or the functions involved in any possible design of the first aspect.
  • the transceiver can be used to receive media messages from the application server, and the processor can be used to determine the associated information corresponding to the media messages; where the associated information is information associated with the client operation corresponding to the media message, and the transceiver It can also be used to send media messages to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information.
  • the communication device may further include a memory, and the memory is used to store necessary computer-executable instructions and data of the communication device. When the communication device is running, the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the communication device executes the media message transmission as described in the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect. method.
  • the specific implementation of the communication device may refer to the behavior function of the user plane network element in the media message transmission method provided in the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.
  • a communication device in a fourth aspect, includes one or more processors and one or more memories; the one or more memories are coupled with the one or more processors, and the one or more memories are used for storing Computer program code or computer instructions; when one or more processors execute the computer instructions, the communication device executes the media message transmission method as described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions or programs. When the computer instructions or programs are run on a computer, the computer executes the steps described in the first aspect or the first aspect. Any possible design of the described media message transmission method.
  • a computer program product containing instructions which when running on a computer, causes the computer to execute the media message transmission method as described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.
  • a chip system in a seventh aspect, includes one or more processors and one or more memories; the one or more memories are coupled to the one or more processors, and the one or more memories store There are computer program codes or computer instructions; when the one or more processors execute the computer program codes or computer instructions, the chip system is caused to execute the above-mentioned first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect The transmission method of the mentioned media message.
  • a method for transmitting a media message comprising: a session management network element sends to a user plane network element for instructing the user plane network element to determine the association corresponding to the media message after receiving the media message The third indication information of the information, so that the user plane network element determines the associated information corresponding to the media message according to the third indication information and the received media message, and sends the media message to the access network through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information Network element; the associated information is the information associated with the client operation corresponding to the media message.
  • the session management network element may send third instruction information to the user plane network element, so that the user plane network element can determine the associated information corresponding to the received media message according to the third instruction information , And send media messages to the access network network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information.
  • the user plane network element in the embodiment of the present application can use the media according to the third instruction information.
  • the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information corresponding to the message sends the media message to the access network element to achieve differentiated transmission of the media message, shorten the waiting time for buffering when the terminal plays the media message, and improve the user viewing experience.
  • the session management network element receives the client operation from the policy control network element and the QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation; according to the QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation, the corresponding QoS parameters are determined QoS flow; and send the correspondence between the client operation and the QoS flow as the first correspondence to the user plane network element.
  • the session management network element can send the first correspondence to the user-plane network element, so that the user-plane network element determines the QoS flow corresponding to the client operation corresponding to the media message according to the first correspondence.
  • the QoS flow sends the media message to the access network element, so as to realize the differentiated transmission of the media message.
  • the session management network element receives the client operation from the policy control network element and the QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation; according to the QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation, the corresponding QoS parameters are determined QoS flow; determine the priority corresponding to the client operation according to the QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation; the session management network element sends the corresponding relationship between the priority corresponding to the client operation and the QoS flow as the second correspondence to the user plane network element .
  • the session management network element can send the second correspondence to the user plane network element, so that the user plane network element determines the priority corresponding to the client operation corresponding to the received media message according to the second correspondence.
  • the corresponding QoS flow sends the media message to the access network element through the QoS flow, so as to realize the differentiated transmission of the media message.
  • the session management network element obtains the client operation and QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation; the session management network element sends the client operation and the corresponding QoS parameters of the client operation to the policy control The network element; or the session management network element obtains the client operation and QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation; the session management network element determines the priority corresponding to the client operation according to the QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation; the session management network element assigns the client Priorities corresponding to operations and client operations are sent to the policy control network element.
  • the session management network element can send the above information to the policy control network element, so that the policy control network element forwards the received information to the application server through the application function network element, so that the application server can according to the above information Determine the associated information corresponding to the media message, and carry the associated information in the media message and send it to the user plane network element, so that the user plane network element realizes the differentiated transmission of the media message according to the associated information of the media message, and shortens the terminal The time to wait for buffering when playing media messages to improve user viewing experience.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication device.
  • the communication device can implement the functions performed by the session management network element in the eighth aspect or the possible design of the eighth aspect, and the functions can execute the corresponding software through hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions. For example, the sending module.
  • the sending module is used to send to the user plane network element the third instruction information for instructing the user plane network element to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message after receiving the media message, so that the user plane network element can follow the third instruction information Determine the associated information corresponding to the media message with the received media message, and send the media message to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information; the associated information is the information associated with the client operation corresponding to the media message .
  • the specific implementation of the communication device can refer to the behavior function of the session management network element in the media message transmission method provided in the eighth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the eighth aspect, based on the communication described in the ninth aspect.
  • the session management network element may send third instruction information to the user plane network element, so that the user plane network element determines the associated information corresponding to the received media message according to the third instruction information, and uses the QoS flow direction corresponding to the associated information
  • the network element of the access network sends a media message.
  • the user plane network element in the embodiment of the present application can use the media according to the third instruction information.
  • the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information corresponding to the message sends the media message to the access network element to achieve differentiated transmission of the media message, shorten the waiting time for buffering when the terminal plays the media message, and improve the user viewing experience.
  • the communication device further includes a receiving module and a processing module, wherein the receiving module is configured to receive client operations from the policy control network element and QoS parameters corresponding to the client operations; processing The module is used to determine the QoS flow corresponding to the QoS parameter according to the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation; the sending module is also used to send the correspondence between the client operation and the QoS flow as the first correspondence to the user plane network element.
  • the receiving module is configured to receive client operations from the policy control network element and QoS parameters corresponding to the client operations
  • processing The module is used to determine the QoS flow corresponding to the QoS parameter according to the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation
  • the sending module is also used to send the correspondence between the client operation and the QoS flow as the first correspondence to the user plane network element.
  • the session management network element can send the first correspondence to the user-plane network element, so that the user-plane network element determines the QoS flow corresponding to the client operation corresponding to the media message according to the first correspondence.
  • the QoS flow sends the media message to the access network element, so as to realize the differentiated transmission of the media message.
  • the receiving module is used to receive the client operation from the policy control network element and the QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation; the processing module is used to Determine the QoS flow corresponding to the QoS parameter according to the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation; the processing module is used to determine the priority corresponding to the client operation according to the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation; the sending module is used to correspond the client operation The corresponding relationship between the priority and the QoS flow is sent to the user plane network element as the second corresponding relationship.
  • the session management network element can send the second correspondence to the user plane network element, so that the user plane network element determines the priority corresponding to the client operation corresponding to the received media message according to the second correspondence.
  • the corresponding QoS flow sends the media message to the access network element through the QoS flow, so as to realize the differentiated transmission of the media message.
  • the receiving module is used to obtain the client operation and QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation; the sending module is used to transfer the client operation, the client The corresponding QoS parameters of the operation are sent to the policy control network element; or the receiving module is used to obtain the client operation and QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation; the processing module is used to determine the client operation according to the QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation Corresponding priority; the sending module is used to send the client operation and the priority corresponding to the client operation to the policy control network element.
  • the session management network element can send the above information to the policy control network element, so that the policy control network element forwards the received information to the application server through the application function network element, so that the application server can according to the above information Determine the associated information corresponding to the media message, and carry the associated information in the media message and send it to the user plane network element, so that the user plane network element realizes the differentiated transmission of the media message according to the associated information of the media message, and shortens the terminal The time to wait for buffering when playing media messages to improve user viewing experience.
  • a communication device may be a session management network element or a chip or a system on a chip in a session management network element.
  • the communication device can implement the functions performed by the session management network elements in the above aspects or in each possible design, and the functions can be implemented by hardware.
  • the communication device may include a transceiver. The transceiver may be used to support the communication device to implement the functions involved in the eighth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the eighth aspect.
  • the transceiver may be used to send to the user plane network element third indication information for instructing the user plane network element to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message after receiving the media message, so that the user plane network element is The instruction information and the received media message determine the associated information corresponding to the media message, and send the media message to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information; the associated information is the client operation association corresponding to the media message Information.
  • the communication device may further include a memory, and the memory is used to store necessary computer-executed instructions and data of the communication device. When the communication device is running, the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the communication device executes the media message transmission as described in the eighth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the eighth aspect. method.
  • the specific implementation of the communication device may refer to the behavior function of the session management network element in the media message transmission method provided by the eighth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the eighth aspect.
  • a communication device in an eleventh aspect, includes one or more processors and one or more memories; the one or more memories are coupled to the one or more processors, and the one or more memories are used for Computer program codes or computer instructions are stored; when one or more processors execute the computer instructions, the communication device is caused to execute the media message transmission method as described in the eighth aspect or any possible design of the eighth aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions or programs.
  • the computer instructions or programs When the computer instructions or programs are run on a computer, the computer can execute the eighth aspect or the eighth aspect. Any possible design of the described media message transmission method.
  • a computer program product containing instructions which when running on a computer, causes the computer to execute the media message transmission method as described in the eighth aspect or any possible design of the eighth aspect .
  • a chip system in a fourteenth aspect, includes one or more processors and one or more memories; the one or more memories are coupled to the one or more processors, and the one or more memories are Stored with computer program codes or computer instructions; when the one or more processors execute the computer program codes or computer instructions, the chip system is made to execute any possible design as in the eighth aspect or the eighth aspect described above The transmission method of the media message.
  • a media message transmission method includes: an application server receives a media message request from a user plane network element for requesting a media message from the application server; Meta sends media messages; so that the user plane network element determines the associated information corresponding to the media message, and sends the media message to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information; where the associated information corresponds to the media message The information associated with the client operation.
  • the application server can send media messages carrying related information to the user plane network element according to the received media message request, so that the user plane network element can flow to the access network according to the QoS corresponding to the related information.
  • Meta sends media messages.
  • the user plane network element in the embodiment of the present application can use the media according to the third instruction information.
  • the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information corresponding to the message sends the media message to the access network element to realize the differentiated transmission of the media message, shorten the waiting time for buffering when the terminal plays the media message, and improve the user viewing experience.
  • the application server recognizes the media message request and obtains the client operation corresponding to the media message; determines the associated information according to the client operation corresponding to the media message; combines the associated information It is carried in a media message and sent to the user plane network element.
  • the application server can determine the client operation corresponding to the media message according to the media message request, and then carry the associated information in the media message and send it to the user plane network element, so that the user plane network element can according to the associated information Realize the differentiated transmission of media messages, shorten the waiting time for buffering when the terminal plays media messages, and improve the user's viewing experience.
  • the application server determines the first instruction for instructing the client operation corresponding to the media message according to the client operation corresponding to the media message Information; use the first indication information as the associated information.
  • the application server receives the client operation from the policy control network element through the application function network element and the priority corresponding to the client operation; application The server determines the second indication information for indicating the priority corresponding to the client operation corresponding to the media message according to the client operation corresponding to the media message and the priority corresponding to the client operation; the application server uses the second indication information as Associated information.
  • the application server receives the client operation from the policy control network element and the QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation through the application function network element;
  • the server determines the fourth indication information for indicating the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation corresponding to the media message according to the client operation corresponding to the media message and the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation, and uses the fourth indication information as the associated information .
  • the application server can use the first indication information, the second indication information, or the fourth indication information as the associated information.
  • the application server can also use other information associated with the client operation as the associated information. To limit.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication device.
  • the communication device can implement the functions performed by the application server in the fifteenth aspect or the possible design of the fifteenth aspect, and the functions can be executed by hardware.
  • Software Implementation The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions. For example, receiving module, sending module.
  • the receiving module is used to receive a media message request from the user plane network element for requesting a media message from the application server.
  • the sending module is used to send the media message to the user plane network element; so that the user plane network element determines the associated information corresponding to the media message, and sends the media message to the access network network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information; where ,
  • the associated information is the information associated with the client operation corresponding to the media message.
  • the specific implementation of the communication device can refer to the behavior function of the application server in the media message transmission method provided by the fifteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the fifteenth aspect, based on the sixteenth aspect.
  • the application server can send media messages carrying associated information to the user plane network element according to the received media message request, so that the user plane network element sends the media to the access network network element according to the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information Message.
  • the user plane network element in the embodiment of the present application can use the media according to the third instruction information.
  • the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information corresponding to the message sends the media message to the access network element to realize the differentiated transmission of the media message, shorten the waiting time for buffering when the terminal plays the media message, and improve the user viewing experience.
  • the communication device further includes a processing module, which is used to identify the media message request and obtain the client operation corresponding to the media message; the processing module is also used to The client operation corresponding to the media message determines the associated information; the sending module is also used to carry the associated information in the media message and send it to the user plane network element.
  • a processing module which is used to identify the media message request and obtain the client operation corresponding to the media message; the processing module is also used to The client operation corresponding to the media message determines the associated information; the sending module is also used to carry the associated information in the media message and send it to the user plane network element.
  • the application server can determine the client operation corresponding to the media message according to the media message request, and then carry the associated information in the media message and send it to the user plane network element, so that the user plane network element can according to the associated information Realize the differentiated transmission of media messages, shorten the waiting time for buffering when the terminal plays media messages, and improve the user's viewing experience.
  • the processing module is also used to determine the client operation corresponding to the media message according to the client operation corresponding to the media message
  • the first indication information; the first indication information is used as the associated information.
  • the processing module is also used to receive the client operation from the policy control network element through the application function network element, and the corresponding client operation Priority; the application server determines the second indication information for indicating the priority corresponding to the client operation corresponding to the media message according to the client operation corresponding to the media message and the priority corresponding to the client operation; 2.
  • the instruction information is used as the associated information.
  • the receiving module is also used to receive the client operation from the policy control network element through the application function network element and the corresponding client operation QoS parameters; the processing module is also used to determine the fourth indication information for indicating the QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation corresponding to the media message according to the client operation corresponding to the media message and the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation, Use the fourth instruction information as the associated information.
  • the application server can use the first instruction information, the second instruction information, or the fourth instruction information as the associated information.
  • the application server can also use other information associated with the client operation as the associated information. To limit.
  • a communication device may be an application server or a chip or a system on a chip in the application server.
  • the communication device can realize the functions performed by the user plane network elements in the above-mentioned aspects or various possible designs, and the functions can be realized by hardware.
  • the communication device may include a transceiver and a processor.
  • the transceiver and the processor may be used to support the communication device to implement the functions involved in the fifteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the fifteenth aspect.
  • the transceiver may be used to receive a media message request from a user plane network element for requesting a media message from the application server.
  • the transceiver can also be used to send media messages to the user plane network element; so that the user plane network element determines the associated information corresponding to the media message, and sends the media message to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information; Among them, the associated information is information associated with the client operation corresponding to the media message.
  • the communication device may further include a memory, and the memory is used to store necessary computer-executed instructions and data of the communication device. When the communication device is running, the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the communication device executes the media message described in the fifteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the fifteenth aspect. Transmission method.
  • a communication device in an eighteenth aspect, includes one or more processors and one or more memories; the one or more memories are coupled with the one or more processors, and the one or more memories are used for Store computer program codes or computer instructions; when one or more processors execute the computer instructions, the communication device is caused to execute the media message transmission method provided by any possible design of the fifteenth aspect or the fifteenth aspect The behavior function of the application server.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions or programs.
  • the computer can execute the The behavior function of the application server in the media message transmission method provided by any one of the five possible designs.
  • the twentieth aspect provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when it runs on a computer, enables the computer to execute the media message provided by the fifteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the fifteenth aspect.
  • the behavior function of the application server in the transmission method is not limited to:
  • a chip system in a twenty-first aspect, includes one or more processors and one or more memories; one or more memories are coupled to one or more processors, and one or more memories
  • the computer program code or computer instruction is stored in the computer program code; when the one or more processors execute the computer program code or computer instruction, the chip system is caused to execute any one of the fifteenth aspect or the fifteenth aspect described above.
  • a possible design provides the behavior function of the application server in the media message transmission method.
  • the technical effect brought by any design method of the seventeenth aspect to the twenty-first aspect can be referred to the technical effect brought by any possible design of the fifteenth aspect to the sixteenth aspect. No longer.
  • a communication system which includes the communication device according to any one of the second aspect to the third aspect, and the communication device according to any one of the ninth aspect to the tenth aspect , And the communication device according to any one of the fifteenth aspect to the sixteenth aspect.
  • FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of a 5G communication system provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting media messages according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting media messages according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting media messages according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • a user plane network element when a user plane network element sends a media message to each terminal, it can send the media message to each terminal according to the sequence of the media message sent by the application server.
  • the user plane network element needs to send the media message before the media message corresponding to the terminal before sending the media message to the terminal, causing the terminal to wait while playing the media message The buffering time is longer.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for transmitting media messages, wherein the user plane network element can determine the associated information corresponding to the media message according to the received media message sent by the application server; The information is the information associated with the client operation corresponding to the media message; and the media message is sent to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information.
  • the user plane network element in the embodiment of the present application can use the associated information corresponding to the media message
  • the corresponding QoS flow sends the media message to the access network element to realize the differentiated transmission of the media message, shorten the waiting time for buffering when the terminal plays the media message, and improve the user's viewing experience.
  • the media message transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be used in any communication system, and the communication system may be a third generation partnership project (3GPP) communication system, for example, long term evolution (long term evolution).
  • 3GPP third generation partnership project
  • the LTE) system can also be the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system, the new radio (NR) system, the NR V2X system, and other next-generation communication systems. It can also be a non-3GPP communication system. limit.
  • the media message transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application can be applied to various communication scenarios, for example, it can be applied to one or more of the following communication scenarios: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable and low-time Extended communication (ultra reliable low latency communication, URLLC), machine type communication (MTC), large-scale machine type communications (mMTC), device to device (D2D), outside vehicle Vehicle to everything (V2X), vehicle to vehicle (V2V), and internet of things (IoT), etc.
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • URLLC ultra-reliable and low-time Extended communication
  • MTC machine type communication
  • mMTC large-scale machine type communications
  • D2D device to device
  • V2X outside vehicle Vehicle to everything
  • V2V2V vehicle to vehicle
  • IoT internet of things
  • Fig. 1a is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the communication system may include at least one user equipment, an access network element, a mobility management network element, a session management network element, and a strategy.
  • Control network elements user plane network elements, application function network elements, and data network (DN).
  • DN data network
  • the user equipment in FIG. 1a may be located in the coverage area of the cell of the network element of the access network.
  • the user equipment can perform air interface communication with the access network element through the uplink (UL).
  • UL uplink
  • the user equipment sends data to the access network element, and the access network element will receive the data
  • the data is forwarded to the core network element, the core network element processes the data, and sends the processed data to the application server through the N6 interface; in the DL direction, the application server sends the downlink data to the core network element, and the core network element
  • the network element processes the data and sends the processed data to the access network element through the N3 interface. After the access network element processes the data, it is sent to the user equipment through the air interface.
  • the user equipment in the UL direction sends uplink data to the access network element through the physical sidelink share channel (PUSCH), and the access network element forwards the received uplink data to the core network.
  • the core network element processes the uplink data, and sends the processed uplink data to the application server through the N6 interface; among them, the access network element that forwards the uplink data from the user equipment to the core network element and the core network
  • the access network network elements of the downlink data from the network element to the user equipment may be the same access network network element, or may be different access network network elements.
  • the user equipment can also communicate with the core network element through a specific interface.
  • the user equipment can communicate with the access and mobility management network element in the core network element through the N1 interface.
  • the user equipment After the user equipment is connected to the network, it can establish a protocol data unit (PDU) session, access the external data network DN through the PDU session, and interact with the application server deployed in the DN, as shown in Figure 1a, according to user access
  • the network can select the user plane network element connected to the DN as the anchor point of the PDU session, namely the PDU session anchor (PSA), and access the application server through the N6 interface of the PSA.
  • PSA PDU session anchor
  • the application server of the application can be deployed in multiple locations, and the network can select a PSA that is close to the user equipment and can support the user equipment to access the DN according to the access location of the user equipment, so as to reduce circuitous routes and reduce network delay.
  • the user equipment (UE) in FIG. 1a may be called a terminal (terminal) or a mobile station (mobile station, MS) or a mobile terminal (mobile terminal, MT), etc.
  • the user equipment in FIG. 1a may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a computer with a wireless transceiver function.
  • User equipment can also be virtual reality (VR) terminals, augmented reality (AR) terminals, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in unmanned driving, wireless terminals in telemedicine, and smart grids.
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • Wireless terminals in the smart city wireless terminals in the smart home (smart home)
  • wireless terminals in the smart home wireless terminals in the smart home
  • in-vehicle terminals vehicles with vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication capabilities
  • intelligent network connection There are no restrictions on vehicles, drones with drone-to-UAV (UAV, U2U) communication capabilities, and so on.
  • the access network element in Figure 1a can be any device with wireless transceiver function, which is mainly used to implement wireless physical control functions, resource scheduling and wireless resource management, wireless access control, and mobility management.
  • the network element of the access network may be a device that supports wired access or a device that supports wireless access.
  • the access network element may be an access network (AN)/radio access network (RAN) device, which is composed of multiple 5G-AN/5G-RAN nodes.
  • 5G-AN/5G-RAN nodes can be: access point (AP), base station (nodeB, NB), enhanced base station (enhance nodeB, eNB), next-generation base station (NR nodeB, gNB), transmission and reception Point (transmission reception point, TRP), transmission point (transmission point, TP), or some other access node, etc.
  • AP access point
  • base station nodeB, NB
  • enhanced base station enhanced base station
  • NR nodeB, gNB next-generation base station
  • transmission and reception Point transmission reception point, TRP
  • transmission point transmission point
  • TP transmission point
  • the mobility management network element in Figure 1a is mainly responsible for user equipment access authentication, mobility management, and signaling interaction between various functional network elements, such as: user registration status, user connection status, user registration Network access, tracking area update, cell handover user authentication and key security are managed.
  • the session management network element in FIG. 1a can be called a session management function or a multicast/broadcast-service management function (MB-SMF) or a multicast session management network element, etc., without limitation.
  • the session management network element is mainly used to implement the user plane transmission logic channel, such as: session management functions such as the establishment, release, and modification of a packet data unit (PDU) session.
  • PDU packet data unit
  • the policy control network element in Figure 1a can be used to provide policies for mobility management network elements and session management network elements, such as quality of service (quality of service) policies, and so on.
  • quality of service quality of service
  • the user plane network element in Figure 1a may be called PDU Session Anchor (PSF), user plane function, or multicast/broadcast user plane function (MB-UPF).
  • PSF PDU Session Anchor
  • MB-UPF multicast/broadcast user plane function
  • the user plane network element can be used as the anchor point on the user plane transmission logical channel, mainly used to complete the user plane data routing and forwarding functions, such as: establishing a channel with the terminal (that is, the user plane transmission logical channel), on the channel It forwards data packets between the terminal and the DN, and is responsible for the terminal's data message filtering, data forwarding, rate control, and charging information generation.
  • Multicast/broadcast (MB) service controller MB service controller
  • service management functions such as group management, security management, and service announcements.
  • the application function network element in Figure 1a is mainly an intermediate function entity that provides the interaction between the application server and the network element in the core network.
  • the application server can realize dynamic control of network service quality and billing through it, guarantee SLA requirements, and obtain core Operation information of a certain network element in the network, etc.
  • the application function network element may be a functional entity deployed by an operator, or a functional entity deployed by a service provider.
  • the service provider may be a third-party service provider or an internal operator. Service providers are not restricted.
  • the application function network element and the application server can be deployed together or separately. The specific deployment method of the application function network element and the application server is not limited in this application.
  • the data network DN in Figure 1a can be an operator network that provides users with data transmission services, such as an operator network that can provide users with an IP multi-media service (IMS).
  • An application server (application server, AS) may be deployed in the DN, and the application server may provide data transmission services to users.
  • the terminal, the access network network element, and the core network network element in the embodiments of the present application may all be one or more chips, or may be a system on chip (SOC) or the like.
  • Fig. 1a is only an exemplary drawing, and the number of devices included therein is not limited.
  • the communication system may also include other devices.
  • the name of each device and the naming of each link in FIG. 1a are not limited.
  • each device and each link can also be named with other names.
  • the network shown in Figure 1a may also include network slice selection network elements, network warehouse network elements, authentication service network elements, network storage network elements, network data analysis network elements, network opening network elements, etc. No restrictions.
  • the communication system shown in FIG. 1a may be a communication system in the 3rd generation partnership project (3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP), for example, it may be a long term evolution (LTE) communication system, or the fourth The 4th generation (4G) communication system, or the fifth generation (5G) communication system or the new radio (NR) communication system, may also be a non-3GPP communication system without limitation.
  • 3rd generation partnership project 3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP
  • LTE long term evolution
  • 4G 4th generation
  • 5G fifth generation
  • NR new radio
  • the network element or entity corresponding to the above-mentioned access network element may be a radio access network (RAN)
  • the network element or entity corresponding to the mobility management network element can be the access and mobility management function (AMF) in the 5G communication system
  • the network element or entity corresponding to the session management network element can be
  • the session management function (SMF) and policy control network element in the 5G communication system can be the policy control function (PCF) in the 5G communication system
  • the network element or entity corresponding to the user plane network element can be
  • the network element or entity corresponding to the user plane network element can be
  • the network element corresponding to the application function network element or the entity can be the application function (AF) in the 5G communication system
  • the network slicing selection network element corresponding to The network element or entity can be the network slice selection function (NSSF) in the 5G communication system
  • the network element or entity corresponding to the authentication service network element may be the authentication server function (AUSF) in the 5G communication system, and the network element or entity corresponding to the network storage network element may be the NRF in the 5G communication system Or unified data warehouse (unified data repository, UDR) or unified data management (unified data management, UDM), the network element or entity corresponding to the network data analysis network element can be the network data analysis function in the 5G communication system (network data analysis function) , NWDAF), the network element or entity corresponding to the network open network element may be the network exposure function (NEF) in the 5G communication system, and the network element or entity corresponding to the service control network element may be the service in the 5G communication system Control point (service control point, SCP), etc.
  • AUSF authentication server function
  • UDR unified data repository
  • UDM unified data management
  • the network element or entity corresponding to the network data analysis network element can be the network data analysis function in the 5G communication system (network data analysis function) , NWDAF)
  • the terminal communicates with the AMF through the next generation network (next generation, N) 1 interface (N1 for short), the RAN device communicates with the AMF through the N2 interface (N2 for short), and the RAN device communicates with the AMF through the N3 interface (N3 for short).
  • N1 next generation network
  • N2 N2 interface
  • N3 N3 for short
  • UPF UPF communicates with the application server in the DN through the N6 interface.
  • Core network elements can communicate with each other through service interfaces.
  • AMF can communicate with other core network elements through Namf interface
  • SMF can communicate with other core network elements through Nsmf interface
  • PCF can communicate with other core network elements through Npcf interface.
  • NSSF can communicate with other core network elements through the Nnssf interface
  • NEF can communicate with other core network elements through the Nnef interface
  • NRF can communicate with other core network elements through the Nnrf interface
  • UDM can communicate with other core network elements through the Nudr interface
  • NWDAF can communicate with other core network elements through the Nnwdaf interface
  • AUSF can communicate with other core network elements through the Nausf interface.
  • each terminal, access network network element, and core network network element may adopt the composition structure shown in FIG. 2 or include the components shown in FIG. 2.
  • 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device 200 provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the communication device 200 may be a terminal or a chip or a system on a chip in the terminal; it may also be an access network network element or an access network network element. Chip or system-on-chip; it can also be a core network element or a chip or system-on-chip in a core network element.
  • the communication device 200 includes a processor 201, a transceiver 202 and a communication line 203.
  • the communication device 200 may further include a memory 204.
  • the processor 201, the memory 204, and the transceiver 202 may be connected through a communication line 203.
  • the processor 201 is a central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor network processor (network processor, NP), a digital signal processor (digital signal processing, DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, Programmable logic device (PLD) or any combination of them.
  • the processor 201 may also be other devices with processing functions, such as circuits, devices, or software modules, without limitation.
  • the transceiver 202 is used to communicate with other devices or other communication networks.
  • the other communication network may be Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc.
  • the transceiver 202 may be a module, a circuit, a transceiver, or any device capable of implementing communication.
  • the communication line 203 is used to transmit information between the components included in the communication device 200.
  • the memory 204 is used to store instructions. Among them, the instruction may be a computer program.
  • the memory 204 may be a read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and/or instructions, and may also be a random access memory (RAM) or a random access memory (RAM).
  • RAM random access memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • CD- ROM compact disc read-only memory
  • optical disc storage including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.
  • the memory 204 may exist independently of the processor 201, or may be integrated with the processor 201.
  • the memory 204 may be used to store instructions or program codes or some data.
  • the memory 204 may be located in the communication device 200 or outside the communication device 200 without limitation.
  • the processor 201 is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory 204 to implement the media message transmission method provided in the following embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 201 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 2.
  • the communication device 200 includes multiple processors, for example, in addition to the processor 201 in FIG. 2, it may also include a processor 207.
  • the communication apparatus 200 further includes an output device 205 and an input device 206.
  • the input device 206 is a device such as a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, or a joystick
  • the output device 205 is a device such as a display screen and a speaker.
  • the communication device 200 may be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a network server, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal, an embedded device, a chip system, or a device with a similar structure in FIG. 2.
  • the composition structure shown in FIG. 3 does not constitute a limitation on the communication device.
  • the communication device may include more or less components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components. , Or different component arrangements.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the user plane network element may be any user plane network element in the communication system
  • the application server may be in the communication system
  • Any application server, access network network element in the communication system may be any access network network element in the communication system
  • the policy control network element and the terminal may have the components shown in Figure 2.
  • Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting media messages according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in Fig. 3, the method may include:
  • Step 301 The user plane network element sends a media message request to the application server.
  • the application server receives the media message request.
  • the user plane network element may be the user plane network element corresponding to the PDU session established by the terminal, and may be the anchor point of the PDU session established by the terminal, and the terminal may be any terminal in the system shown in FIG. 1a.
  • the terminal can send the media message request sent to the application server to the user plane network element through the PDU session, and the user plane network element sends the media message request to the application server.
  • the application server determines the media message according to the media message request, and sends the determined media message to the user plane network element, so that the user plane network element will receive the media message through the PDU session Send to the terminal. It should be noted that, before the implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the terminal has established a PDU session with reference to the prior art, which will not be repeated.
  • the media message request is used to request to obtain the media message.
  • the media message request includes identification information of the media message
  • the identification information of the media message may be the index number of the media message or other information used to identify the media message. This allows the application server to determine the media message corresponding to the media message request according to the identification information of the media message.
  • the terminal can interact with the application server in the following manner: when the terminal requests a media message, it can Obtain the media presentation description (MPD) from the application server.
  • the MPD may include one or more media periods (periods) that are continuous and non-overlapping in time, and each period may include one or more adaptation sets of a piece of media content.
  • the time period can also include the start time and duration.
  • the adaptive set can be composed of a set of representations of different code rates that can be switched.
  • Each code stream describes multiple attributes of the media content, including bandwidth, resolution, bit rate, and so on.
  • the code stream may include one or more segments.
  • Each fragment is a fragment file of the actual media content, and the terminal can obtain the media content corresponding to the corresponding fragment through a media message request (hypertext transfer protocol get, HTTP GET).
  • the media message request may include information such as a uniform resource locator (URL), bandwidth, resolution, bit rate, and time period of the media segment. That is, the identification information of the media message can be a time period, or a start time, or a URL, etc., which is not limited.
  • the media message request includes a real-time streaming protocol (RTSP) request
  • the application server determines the media message corresponding to the media message request according to the RTSP request.
  • RTSP real-time streaming protocol
  • an RTSP session can be established and negotiated between the terminal and the application server, and the media message can be transmitted through the RTSP session, thereby realizing real-time control and on-demand media messages.
  • the RTSP session itself does not transmit media messages, and the transmission of media messages depends on the services provided by the underlying transport protocol (such as: realtime transport protocol (RTP), realtime transport control protocol (RTCP)) .
  • transport protocol such as: realtime transport protocol (RTP), realtime transport control protocol (RTCP)
  • the terminal can send different RTSP requests to the application server according to different client operations of the user.
  • the client operation may be an operation of the user on the video playback software on the terminal, and the client operation may include at least one of the following: initial play, jump, normal play, and pause.
  • the terminal may send an RTSP request including the initial playback request to the application server.
  • the initial playback request may include a time range corresponding to the media message, and the application server transmits the media message corresponding to the time range according to the time range.
  • the initial play can be the first time that the terminal requests a media message corresponding to a certain video from the application server, or, in other words, the initial play can be regarded as the first time the application server transmits a media message corresponding to a certain video to the terminal.
  • the above time range can also be replaced with descriptions such as start time or duration, which is not limited.
  • the initial playback request can include the time range 00:00 to 45:20, and the application server can start transmitting the media message corresponding to 00:00 until the media message corresponding to 45:20 is transmitted.
  • the terminal may send an RTSP request including the jump request to the application server.
  • the jump request may include the time corresponding to the media message to be jumped, and the application server starts to transmit the media message corresponding to the time according to the time until the end of the transmission. It should be noted that the above time can also be replaced with descriptions such as start time or duration, which is not limited.
  • the application server receives a jump request while transmitting a media message corresponding to 08 minutes and 20 seconds, and the corresponding time of the jump request is 20 minutes and 40 seconds. , The application server starts to transmit the media message corresponding to 20 minutes and 40 seconds to 45 minutes and 20 seconds to the terminal according to the jump request.
  • the terminal may send an RTSP request including a normal playback request to the application server.
  • the normal play request may include a time range corresponding to the media message, and the application server transmits the media message corresponding to the time range according to the time range. It should be noted that the above time range can also be replaced with descriptions such as start time or duration, which is not limited.
  • the application server receives a normal playback request while transmitting a media message corresponding to 08 minutes and 20 seconds, and the time range corresponding to the normal playback request is 08 minutes 21 From seconds to 20 minutes and 50 seconds, the application server transmits the media message corresponding to 08 minutes 21 seconds to 20 minutes 50 seconds to the terminal according to the normal playback request.
  • the application server transmits the media message corresponding to 20 minutes 50 seconds, it receives
  • the time range is 20 minutes and 51 seconds to 45 minutes and 20 seconds
  • the media message corresponding to 20 minutes and 51 seconds to 45 minutes and 20 seconds is transmitted to the terminal.
  • the terminal may send an RTSP request including a pause request to the application server to inform the application server to temporarily stop transmitting media messages.
  • the application server may continue to transmit the media message to the terminal after receiving the above-mentioned normal play request or jump request. Or the application server receives the termination request, terminates the transmission of the media message, and releases resources related to the media message.
  • the user plane network element can identify the media message request and obtain the client operation corresponding to the media message request.
  • the user plane network element may determine the client operation corresponding to the media message request according to the identification information of the media message.
  • the client operation corresponding to the media message request can be considered as initial playback; if the index number of the media message occurs Sudden change, the client operation corresponding to the media message request can be regarded as a jump; if the index number of the media message changes continuously, the client operation corresponding to the media message request can be regarded as normal playback; if the index of the media message If the number remains unchanged, it can be considered that the client operation corresponding to the media message request is a pause.
  • the index number may specifically be the time period described in the above DASH protocol.
  • the user plane network element determines the client operation corresponding to the media message request according to the RTSP request.
  • Step 302 The application server sends a media message to the user plane network element.
  • the user plane network element receives the media message.
  • the application server may determine the media message corresponding to the media message request according to the received media message request, and send the media message to the user plane network element.
  • the application server can identify the media message request, obtain the client operation corresponding to the media message, determine the associated information corresponding to the media message according to the client operation corresponding to the media message, and carry the associated information in The media message is sent to the user plane network element.
  • the associated information is information associated with the client operation corresponding to the media message.
  • the application server may use the method in step 301 in which the user plane network element determines the client operation corresponding to the media message request according to the media message request, determines the client operation corresponding to the received media message request, and transfers the media message
  • the client operation corresponding to the request is determined to be the client operation corresponding to the media message corresponding to the media message request.
  • the application server determines the first indication information for indicating the client operation corresponding to the media message according to the client operation corresponding to the media message, uses the first indication information as the associated information, and sends it in the media message.
  • the user plane network element To the user plane network element.
  • the application server determines the second indication information used to indicate the priority corresponding to the client operation according to the client operation corresponding to the media message, and uses the second indication information as the associated information to be carried in the media message and sent to User plane network element.
  • the application server receives the client operation sent by the session management network element and the priority corresponding to the client operation through the application function network element and the policy control network element, and determines the second indication information according to the priority corresponding to the client operation.
  • the application server determines the fourth indication information for indicating the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation according to the client operation corresponding to the media message, uses the fourth indication information as the associated information, and carries it in the media message and sends it to User plane network element.
  • the application server receives the client operation sent by the session management network element and the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation through the application function network element and the policy control network element, and determines the fourth indication information according to the corresponding QoS parameter of the client operation. .
  • the application server may set the above-mentioned associated information for the media message at the application layer, the transport layer, or the network layer to instruct the client operation corresponding to the media message. That is, the message header of the application layer, transport layer, or network layer of the media message contains the above-mentioned associated information.
  • the application server can set the associated information for the media message according to the application layer protocol.
  • the application layer protocol can be hypertext transfer protocol secure (HTTPS) or real time streaming protocol (RTSP), etc., No restrictions.
  • the application server can set the associated information for the media message according to the transport layer protocol.
  • the transport layer protocol can be transmission control protocol (TCP) or multi-path TCP protocol (multi-path TCP, MPTCP).
  • TCP transmission control protocol
  • MPTCP multi-path TCP protocol
  • the transport layer protocol can also be a corresponding tunnel protocol, which is not limited.
  • the application server may set the associated information for the media message according to the network layer protocol, and the network layer protocol may be an interconnection protocol (IP) between networks, etc., which is not limited.
  • IP interconnection protocol
  • the application server carries the media message and the corresponding associated information in a message and sends it to the user plane network element, or the application server sends the media message and the associated information corresponding to the media message to the user plane network element.
  • Step 303 The user plane network element determines the associated information corresponding to the media message according to the media message.
  • the user plane network element may use any one of the following methods 1 to 3 to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message:
  • Method 1 When the media message carries related information, the user plane network element recognizes the media message to obtain the related information.
  • the user plane network element performs application layer identification on the media message to obtain associated information.
  • the user plane network element performs transport layer identification on the media message to obtain associated information.
  • the user plane network element performs network layer identification on the media message to obtain associated information.
  • the associated information includes the above-mentioned first indication information, second indication information, or fourth indication information.
  • Manner 2 The user plane network element receives the associated information of the media message sent by the application server.
  • Manner 3 The user plane network element requests the corresponding client operation according to the media message corresponding to the media message, and determines the associated information.
  • the user plane network element can identify the media message request, obtain the client operation corresponding to the media message request, and after receiving the media message corresponding to the media message request, request the media message to the corresponding client The operation is determined as the client operation corresponding to the media message.
  • the user plane network element may also determine the associated information corresponding to the client operation corresponding to the received media message in the manner in which the application server determines the associated information corresponding to the client operation in step 302, which will not be repeated.
  • the user plane network element receives the third instruction information sent by the session management network element, and determines the associated information corresponding to the media message according to the third instruction information; wherein the third instruction information is used to indicate that the user plane network element receives the media After the message, the associated information corresponding to the media message is determined.
  • the third indication information is used to instruct the user plane network element to determine the association information corresponding to the media message after receiving the media message, which may specifically include: instructing to determine the association corresponding to the media message using the above-mentioned method one or two or three information.
  • Step 304 The user plane network element determines the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information according to the associated information.
  • the associated information in order to meet the QoS requirements of the media service, the associated information may be associated with a QoS stream that supports the transmission of the media message corresponding to the associated information, and the media message can be transmitted through the QoS stream.
  • the QoS flow can be one or more QoS flows corresponding to the PDU session established by the terminal.
  • the QoS flow can be used to transmit media messages between the terminal and the user plane network element.
  • the QoS parameters of the QoS flow satisfy the media transmitted on it.
  • the QoS requirement of the message may be associated with a QoS stream that supports the transmission of the media message corresponding to the associated information, and the media message can be transmitted through the QoS stream.
  • the QoS flow can be one or more QoS flows corresponding to the PDU session established by the terminal.
  • the QoS flow can be used to transmit media messages between the terminal and the user plane network element.
  • the QoS parameters of the QoS flow satisfy the media transmitted on it.
  • the session management network element may establish the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information when establishing the PDU session for the terminal; or, after the session management network element establishes the PDU session for the terminal, modify the PDU session, including modifying or adding PDU
  • the QoS flow of the session makes the modified or added QoS flow correspond to the associated information, and meets the QoS requirements such as the transmission demand of the media service corresponding to the associated information.
  • the process of determining the QoS flow corresponding to the association information by the session management network element may refer to the method shown in FIG. 4.
  • the correspondence manner between the associated information and the QoS flow may adopt a one-to-one correspondence manner, or may adopt a many-to-one correspondence manner, which is not limited.
  • the corresponding relationship between the associated information and the QoS flow can also be replaced by the corresponding relationship between the associated information and the QoS flow identification.
  • the QoS flow identification can be the identity identification of the quality of service flow (quality of service flow). identity, QFI), allocation retention priority (allocation retention priority, ARP), or fifth-generation mobile networks quality of service identifier (5QI), etc., are not restricted.
  • the many-to-one correspondence manner may be that a part of the associated information corresponds to one QoS flow, and the other part of the associated information corresponds to another QoS flow.
  • the many-to-one correspondence can also be that all the associated information corresponds to the same QoS flow.
  • the associated information is the first indication information, that is, the associated information is a client operation.
  • the associated information including initial play, jump, normal play, or pause as an example, the initial play can correspond to QoS stream 1, jump to QoS stream 2, Normal play corresponds to QoS flow 3, and pause corresponds to QoS flow 4.
  • initial play and jump correspond to QoS flow 1, normal play or pause correspond to QoS flow 2.
  • the associated information is the second indication information, that is, the associated information is the priority corresponding to the client operation
  • the correspondence between the client operation and the priority may be a one-to-one correspondence or a many-to-one correspondence.
  • the initial play can correspond to QoS flow 1, jump to QoS flow 2, normal play corresponds to QoS flow 3, and pause corresponds to QoS flow 4.
  • initial play and jump correspond to QoS flow 1
  • normal play or pause correspond to QoS flow 2.
  • initial play, jump, normal play and pause all correspond to QoS stream 1.
  • the initial playback priority is high, the jump priority is medium, and the normal playback and pause priority are low as an example.
  • the initial playback can correspond to the QoS stream. 1. Jump corresponds to QoS flow 2. Normal play and pause correspond to QoS flow 3. Or the initial play and jump may correspond to QoS flow 1, normal play and pause correspond to QoS flow 2. Or initial play, jump, normal play and pause all correspond to QoS stream 1.
  • the associated information is the fourth indication information, that is, the associated information is the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation
  • the correspondence between the client operation and the QoS parameter can be a one-to-one correspondence or a many-to-one correspondence.
  • Different QoS parameters correspond to different QoS flows.
  • the corresponding relationship between the associated information and the QoS flow can be expressed in an array form, or in a table form or in other forms, which is not limited.
  • the associated information includes initial play, jump, normal play, or pause
  • the initial play can correspond to QoS stream 1, jump to QoS stream 2, normal play corresponds to QoS stream 3, and pause corresponds to QoS flow 4,
  • the correspondence between the associated information and the QoS flow includes: (initial play, QoS flow 1), (jump, QoS flow 2) ), (normal play, QoS flow 3), (pause, QoS flow 4).
  • Table 1 the correspondence between the association information and the QoS flow in the form of a table
  • the correspondence between the association information and the QoS flow can be shown in Table 1 below:
  • the user plane network element may use any one of the following manners 1 to 3 to determine the QoS flow corresponding to the association information.
  • Manner 1 Determine the QoS flow corresponding to the client operation according to the first indication information and the first correspondence.
  • the first correspondence is the correspondence between client operations and QoS flows.
  • the associated information when different associated information corresponds to different QoS streams, when the associated information corresponding to the media message corresponds to the QoS stream one-to-one, the associated information includes initial play, jump, normal play or pause, and the QoS corresponding to the initial play.
  • the flow is QFI1
  • the QoS flow corresponding to jump is QFI2
  • the QoS flow corresponding to normal playback is QFI3
  • the QoS flow corresponding to pause is QFI4 as an example, and the above-mentioned associated information is described in detail.
  • the transmission priority is set to low.
  • the user plane network element After the user plane network element receives the media message and recognizes the associated information, it can send the initially played media message with the associated information to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to QFI1, and pass the QoS flow corresponding to QFI2 Send the media message whose association information is a jump to the access network element, and send the media message whose association information is normally played to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to QFI3, and associate it with the QoS flow corresponding to QFI4 The media message whose information is pause is sent to the access network element.
  • the user plane network element sequentially receives a media message that carries the first indication information as initial playback 1, a media message that carries the first indication information as a pause, and a media message that carries the first indication information as a jump.
  • the user plane network element can transmit the media message according to the QoS flow corresponding to the media message, instead of transmitting the media message according to the receiving order of the media message. Since the transmission priority of QFI1 corresponding to media message 1 is high, the transmission priority of QFI4 corresponding to media message 2 is low, and the transmission priority of QFI2 corresponding to media message 3 is high, user plane network elements can have priority Transmit media message 1, then media message 3, and finally media message 2.
  • the associated information when different associated information corresponds to different QoS flows, it means that when part of the associated information corresponds to one QoS flow and another part of the associated information corresponds to another QoS flow, the associated information includes initial play, jump, normal play, or pause.
  • the QoS flow corresponding to play and jump is QFI1
  • the QoS flow corresponding to normal play and pause is QFI2 as an example, and the above-mentioned associated information is described in detail.
  • the transmission priority of QFI1 corresponding to initial playback and jump can be set to high, and the transmission priority of QFI2 corresponding to jump and normal playback is set to low.
  • the user plane network element After the user plane network element receives the media message and recognizes the associated information, it can send the media message whose associated information is the initial play or jump to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to QFI1, and correspond to it through QFI2
  • the QoS flow sends the media message whose associated information is normal play or pause to the access network element.
  • the user plane network element may respond according to the media message
  • the corresponding QoS flow transmits the media message, instead of transmitting the media message according to the receiving order of the media message. Since the transmission priority of QFI2 corresponding to media message 1 is low and the transmission priority of QFI1 corresponding to media message 2 is high, the user plane network element may preferentially transmit media message 2 and then transmit media message 1.
  • the user plane network element when the user plane network element receives multiple media messages that carry the same first indication information, for example, the user plane network element sequentially receives media messages that carry the first indication information for initial playback.
  • the user plane network element can transmit the media message according to the receiving order of the media message, That is, the user plane network element sequentially transmits the media message 11, the media message 12, and the media message 13 in the order of reception.
  • the user plane network element can identify the media message, obtain the associated information, and transfer the media message.
  • the message is sent to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information, which can realize the differentiated transmission of the media message.
  • the user plane network element receives the first correspondence from the session management network element.
  • Manner 2 Determine the QoS flow corresponding to the priority according to the second indication information and the second correspondence.
  • the second correspondence is the correspondence between the priority corresponding to the client operation and the QoS flow.
  • the associated information when different associated information corresponds to different QoS streams, when the associated information corresponding to the media message corresponds to the QoS stream one-to-one, the associated information includes initial play, jump, normal play, or pause, and the corresponding initial play takes precedence.
  • the priority is high, the priority corresponding to jump is high, the priority corresponding to normal playback is medium, and the priority corresponding to pause is low, for example, the above-mentioned related information is described in detail. You can assign high priority to QFI1, higher priority to QFI2, medium priority to QFI3, and low priority to QFI4.
  • the user plane network element After the user plane network element receives the media message and recognizes the associated information, it can send the media message with the high priority associated information to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to QFI1, and pass the QoS corresponding to QFI2
  • the flow sends the media message with the higher priority of the associated information to the access network element, and sends the media message with the medium priority of the associated information to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to QFI3.
  • the QoS flow sends the media message whose associated information is low priority to the access network element.
  • the low priority media message 3 is taken as an example.
  • the user plane network element can transmit the media message according to the QoS flow corresponding to the media message, instead of transmitting the media message according to the receiving order of the media message.
  • the user plane network element can transmit media message 2 first, then media message 1, and finally media message 3.
  • the associated information when different associated information corresponds to different QoS flows, it means that when part of the associated information corresponds to one QoS flow and another part of the associated information corresponds to another QoS flow, the associated information includes initial play, jump, normal play, or pause.
  • the priority corresponding to playback is high
  • the priority corresponding to jump is high
  • the priority corresponding to normal playback and pause is low
  • High priority and higher priority can be mapped to QFI1
  • medium priority and low priority can be mapped to QFI2.
  • the user plane network element After the user plane network element receives the media message and recognizes the associated information, it can send the media message with high priority or higher priority to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to QFI1.
  • the media message whose associated information is medium priority or low priority is sent to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to QFI2.
  • the low priority media message 3 is taken as an example.
  • the user plane network element can transmit the media message according to the QoS flow corresponding to the media message, instead of transmitting the media message according to the receiving order of the media message.
  • the user plane network element can transmit media message 2 first, then media message 1, and finally media message 3.
  • the media messages can be transmitted according to the corresponding priorities of the media messages. For example, when a user plane network element receives a media message 1 carrying a second indication information of a higher priority and a media message 2 carrying a second indication information of a higher priority, it may preferentially transmit the media message 1 , And then transmit media message 2.
  • the user plane network element may transmit the media message according to the priority corresponding to the media message.
  • the user plane network element when the user plane network element receives multiple media messages that carry the same second indication information, for example, the user plane network element sequentially receives media messages that carry the second indication information and are of high priority.
  • Carrying the second indication information is a high-priority media message 12
  • the user plane network element when carrying the second indication information is a high-priority media message 13, the user plane network element can respond to the media message according to the order in which the media message is received
  • the transmission is performed, that is, the user plane network element sequentially transmits the media message 11, the media message 12, and the media message 13 in the order of reception.
  • the user plane network element can identify the media message, obtain the associated information, and transfer the media message.
  • the message is sent to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information, which can realize the differentiated transmission of the media message.
  • the user plane network element receives the second correspondence from the session management network element.
  • Manner 3 Determine the QoS flow according to the fourth instruction information.
  • the user plane network element determines the QoS flow corresponding to the QoS parameter according to the QoS parameter indicated by the fourth indication information.
  • the user plane network element can identify the media message, obtain the associated information, and transfer the media message.
  • the message is sent to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information, which can realize the differentiated transmission of the media message.
  • Step 305 The user plane network element sends the media message to the access network network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information.
  • the access network element receives the media message.
  • the user plane network element can use the method described in step 304 to perform differentiated transmission of the media message, which will not be repeated.
  • the user plane network element sends a media message to the access network network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information within the valid period of the timer. It can also be described as, within the valid time, the user plane network element sends a media message to the access network network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information.
  • the user plane network element can use one QoS stream to transmit media messages within the effective time of timer 1, and use another QoS flow to transmit within the effective time of timer 2.
  • Media messages, etc., are not restricted.
  • the user plane network element can receive the timer sent by the session management network element, or receive the timer sent by the policy control network element through the session management network element, or receive the application function network element through the session management network element or the policy control network element.
  • the timer is not limited.
  • the user plane network element can determine the associated information corresponding to the media message according to the received media message sent by the application server; and access through the QoS flow direction corresponding to the associated information
  • the network element sends a media message.
  • the user plane network element in the embodiment of the present application can use the associated information corresponding to the media message
  • the media message is sent to the access network element.
  • the user plane network element may preferentially transmit the media message whose client operation is the initial playback, and then transmit the client operation as hop.
  • FIG. 4 is a method for transmitting media messages provided by an embodiment of the application, and the method includes:
  • Step 401 The session management network element sends a request message to the policy control network element.
  • the policy control network element receives the request message.
  • the request message may be used to request to obtain the policy information of the media service, and the request message may include the session identifier.
  • the request message may be a session management policy establishment request (SM policy establishment request).
  • SM policy establishment request For example, the terminal may send a PDU session establishment request to the session management network element through the mobility management network element to request the establishment of a PDU session for the terminal. After receiving the PDU session establishment request, the session management network element sends SM policy establishment to the policy control network element request.
  • the request message may be a session management policy modification request (SM policy modification request).
  • SM policy modification request For example, the terminal may send a PDU session modification request carrying identification information of the media service to the session management network element through the mobility management network element, requesting the transmission of the media message of the media service through the PDU session established by the terminal, and the session management network element receives After the PDU session modification request, the SM policy modification request is sent to the policy control network element.
  • SM policy modification request session management policy modification request
  • Step 402 The policy control network element sends the policy information to the session management network element.
  • the session management network element receives the policy information.
  • the policy information may be a policy and charging control rule (policy and charging control rule, PCC rule).
  • policy information includes the client operation corresponding to the media service, the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation, or the priority corresponding to the client operation, etc.
  • the identification information of the media service is used to indicate the media service, and it may specifically be an IP quintuple, an IP triplet, an application identifier, and so on.
  • the policy information may be carried in the session management policy establishment response (SM policy establishment response).
  • the policy information may be carried in the session management policy modification response (SM policy modification response).
  • the policy control network element may receive the client operation of the media service and the QoS requirement corresponding to the client operation sent by the application function network element, and determine the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation according to the QoS requirement corresponding to the client operation or The corresponding priority.
  • different client operations can correspond to different requirements; or a part of client operations can correspond to one QoS requirement, and another part of client operations can correspond to another QoS requirement; or all client operations can correspond to the same QoS requirement.
  • initial play can correspond to QoS requirements 1
  • jump can correspond to QoS requirements 2
  • normal play can correspond to QoS requirements 3
  • pause can correspond to QoS requirements 4.
  • initial play and jump can correspond to QoS requirement 1
  • normal play and pause can correspond to QoS requirement 2
  • initial play, jump, normal play and pause all correspond to QoS requirement 1.
  • the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation obtained by the policy control network element may be: initial QoS parameters corresponding to playback 1, QoS parameters corresponding to jump 2, QoS parameters 3 corresponding to normal playback.
  • the policy control network element may also determine the priority corresponding to the client operation according to the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation.
  • the policy control network element is pre-configured with client operations of the media service and QoS parameters corresponding to the client operations.
  • Step 403a The session management network element determines the QoS flow corresponding to the client operation according to the identification information of the media service included in the policy information, the client operation of the media service, and the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation.
  • the session management network element can create a new QoS flow, or modify an existing QoS flow to obtain a QoS flow corresponding to the operation of the client, which is not restricted.
  • the session management network element creates QoS flows corresponding to client operations.
  • the session management network element needs to create different QoS flows.
  • the management network element can determine QoS flow 1 for initial playback, QoS flow 2 for jump, QoS flow 3 for normal playback, and QoS flow 4 for pause. That is, the QoS flow corresponding to client operation can be: QoS for initial playback Stream 1, jump corresponding to QoS stream 2, normal play corresponding to QoS stream 3, and pause corresponding to QoS stream 4.
  • Step 404a The session management network element sends the first correspondence to the user plane network element.
  • the user plane network element receives the first correspondence.
  • the session management network element may determine the first correspondence relationship according to the foregoing step 403a, and send the first correspondence relationship to the user plane network element.
  • the first correspondence is the correspondence between client operations and QoS flows.
  • steps 403a and 404a can be replaced with the following steps 403b and 404b.
  • Step 403b The session management network element determines the priority corresponding to the client operation according to the identification information of the media service included in the policy information, the client operation of the media service, the priority corresponding to the client operation, and the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation. QoS flow.
  • the session management network element can refer to the above-mentioned step 403a to determine the QoS flow for the priority corresponding to the client operation, which will not be repeated.
  • Step 404b The session management network element sends the second correspondence to the user plane network element.
  • the user plane network element receives the second correspondence.
  • the session management network element may determine the second correspondence relationship according to the above step 403b, and send the second correspondence relationship to the user plane network element.
  • the second correspondence is the correspondence between the priority corresponding to the client operation and the QoS flow.
  • the session management network element sends third indication information to the user plane network element, where the third indication information is used to instruct the user plane network element to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message after receiving the media message.
  • the associated information may be the first indication information, the second indication information, or the fourth indication information described in FIG. 3 above.
  • the session management network element may also send the client operation and QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation to the user plane network element.
  • the session management network element sends the N4 configuration information to the user plane network element, and correspondingly, the user plane network element receives the N4 configuration information.
  • the N4 configuration information may be an N4 session establishment (session establishment) request message or an N4 session modification (session modification) message.
  • the N4 configuration information may include the correspondence between client operations and QoS flows, or the correspondence between the priority corresponding to client operations and QoS flows, or the correspondence between client operations and QoS parameters, and may also include Some existing information, such as the processing strategy corresponding to the media service, the packet detection rule (PDR), the forwarding action rule (FAR) associated with the PDR, the quality of service flow (QoS flow, QF) mapping rule, etc.
  • PDR packet detection rule
  • FAR forwarding action rule
  • QoS flow, QF quality of service flow
  • the user plane network element can obtain the corresponding relationship between the client operation corresponding to the media message and the QoS flow, or the priority corresponding to the client operation according to the above steps 401 to 404a, or according to the above steps 401 to 404b. Correspondence between levels and QoS flows, or between client operations and QoS parameters.
  • FIG. 4 may also include the following steps 405 to 409, and the application server may obtain the client operation corresponding to the media message, or the priority corresponding to the client operation, or the client according to the following steps 405 to 409 Operate the corresponding QoS parameters, so that the application server can determine the associated information corresponding to the media message according to the client operation corresponding to the media message, and send the associated information corresponding to the media message to the user plane network element, so that the user plane network element According to the associated information corresponding to the media message, the differentiated transmission of the media message is realized.
  • Step 405 The session management network element sends the corresponding relationship to the application server through the policy control network element and the application function network element.
  • the application server receives the corresponding relationship.
  • the correspondence relationship may be a correspondence relationship between client operations and priorities, or a correspondence relationship between client operations and QoS parameters. So that the application server can determine the associated information corresponding to the media message according to the received correspondence. It should be noted that step 405 can also be described as the session management network element sending the corresponding relationship to the application function network element through the policy control network element. Further, the application function network element sends the corresponding relationship to the application server.
  • Step 406 The application server sends the media message to the user plane network element.
  • Step 407 The user plane network element determines the associated information corresponding to the media message according to the media message.
  • step 303 reference may be made to the description of step 303, which will not be repeated here.
  • Step 408 The user plane network element sends a media message to the access network network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information.
  • the access network element receives the media message.
  • Step 409 The network element of the access network sends the media message to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the media message.
  • step 406 to step 408 reference may be made to the method shown in the foregoing FIG. 3, and details are not repeated.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a media message transmission method provided by an embodiment of the application, and the method includes:
  • Step 501 The terminal sends a session establishment request to the mobility management network element through the access network element.
  • the mobility management network element receives the session establishment request.
  • the session establishment request is used to request the establishment of a PDU session corresponding to the terminal.
  • the terminal also sends a session identifier to the mobility management network element through the access network element, where the session identifier is used to identify the session.
  • the session establishment request and the session identifier are carried in a non-access stratum message (NAS message) and sent to the mobility management network element.
  • NAS message non-access stratum message
  • Step 502 The mobility management network element sends a session context creation request message to the session management network element.
  • the session management network element receives the session context creation request message.
  • the session context creation request message may include the terminal identifier, the session identifier, and the session establishment request.
  • Step 503 The session management network element sends a policy creation request to the policy control network element.
  • the policy control network element receives the policy creation request.
  • the policy creation request may include the terminal identification and the session identification.
  • Step 504 The policy control network element sends a policy creation request response to the session management network element.
  • the session management network element receives the policy creation request response.
  • the policy creation request response includes the identification information of the media service, the client operation of the media service, the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation, or the priority corresponding to the client operation, etc.
  • the QoS parameters can be bandwidth, delay, and so on.
  • Step 505 The session management network element sends an N4 session establishment request to the user plane network element.
  • the user plane network element receives the N4 session establishment request.
  • the N4 session establishment request includes the first correspondence or the second correspondence.
  • the N4 session establishment request further includes third indication information.
  • Step 506 The user plane network element sends an N4 session establishment request response to the session management network element.
  • the session management network element receives the N4 session establishment request response.
  • the N4 session establishment request response includes user plane network element tunnel information.
  • Step 507 The session management network element sends an N1N2 information transfer message to the mobility management network element.
  • the mobility management network element receives the N1N2 information transfer message.
  • the N1N2 information transfer message includes the session identifier, user plane network element tunnel information, and session establishment acceptance information; the session establishment acceptance information is used to indicate the acceptance of the session establishment request sent by the terminal.
  • Step 508 The mobility management network element sends an N2 session request to the access network network element.
  • the access network element receives the N2 session request.
  • the N2 session request includes the session identifier, user plane network element tunnel information, and session establishment acceptance information.
  • Step 509 The access network element sends a wireless connection establishment request to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the wireless connection establishment request.
  • the wireless connection establishment request includes session establishment acceptance information.
  • Step 510 The access network element sends the access network element tunnel information to the session management network element through the mobility management network element.
  • the session management network element receives the access network element tunnel information.
  • Step 511 The session management network element sends an N4 session modification request to the user plane network element.
  • the user plane network element receives the N4 session modification request.
  • the N4 session modification request includes access network element tunnel information.
  • the session management network element sends the access network element tunnel information to the user plane network element, and sends the user plane network element tunnel information to the access network element, so that the access network element and the user plane network element can establish a connection. PDU session establishment process.
  • each device includes a hardware structure and/or software module corresponding to each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software-driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • the embodiment of the present application may divide the function modules of each network element according to the foregoing method examples.
  • each function module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.
  • FIG. 6 shows a communication device, and the communication device 60 may be a user plane network element or a chip or a system on a chip in a user plane network element.
  • the communication device 60 may be used to perform the functions of the user plane network element involved in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the communication device 60 shown in FIG. 6 includes: a receiving module 601, a processing module 602, and a sending module 603.
  • the receiving module 601 is used to receive media messages from the application server.
  • the processing module 602 is configured to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message; where the associated information is information associated with the client operation corresponding to the media message.
  • the sending module 603 is configured to send the media message to the network element of the access network through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information.
  • the specific implementation of the communication device 60 can refer to the behavior function of the user plane network element in the media message transmission method described in FIG. 3 to FIG. 5.
  • the processing module 602 is used to identify the media message carrying the associated information to obtain the associated information; or the receiving module 601 is used to receive the associated information from the application server; or the processing module 602 is used to Determine the client operation corresponding to the media message request according to the obtained media message request for requesting the media message from the application server, and determine the associated information according to the media message request corresponding to the media message corresponding to the client operation.
  • the processing module 602 is used to identify the media message at the application layer to obtain associated information; or identify the media message at the transport layer to obtain associated information; or identify the media message at the network layer. Get related information.
  • the media message request includes a real-time streaming protocol RTSP request
  • the processing module 602 is configured to determine the client operation corresponding to the media message request according to the RTSP request; or the media message request includes the index of the media message
  • the processing module 602 is used to determine the client operation corresponding to the media message request according to the index number of the media message.
  • the association information includes first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the client operation corresponding to the media message; or the association information includes second indication information, where the second indication information is used for Indicates the priority corresponding to the client operation corresponding to the media message.
  • the processing module 602 when the association information includes the first indication information, the processing module 602 is configured to determine the QoS flow corresponding to the client operation according to the client operation indicated by the first indication information and the first corresponding relationship; wherein, Different client operations correspond to different QoS flows; the first correspondence is the correspondence between client operations and QoS flows; the sending module 603 is used to send media reports to the access network elements through the corresponding QoS flows of the client operations Arts.
  • the receiving module 601 is configured to receive the first correspondence from the session management network element.
  • the sending module 603 when the association information includes the second indication information, when different priorities correspond to different QoS flows, the sending module 603 is configured to, according to the priority indicated by the second indication information and the second correspondence, The media message is sent to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the priority; the second correspondence is the correspondence between the priority corresponding to the client operation and the QoS flow; or when different priorities correspond to the same In the case of a QoS flow, the sending module 603 is configured to send the media message to the access network network element according to the priority through the QoS flow according to the priority indicated by the second indication information and the second correspondence; where the second correspondence is The corresponding relationship between the priority of the client operation and the QoS flow.
  • the receiving module 601 is configured to receive the second correspondence from the session management network element.
  • the receiving module 601 is configured to receive the third indication information from the session management network element that is used to indicate that the user plane network element receives the media message and determines the associated information corresponding to the media message; processing module 602. Used to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message according to the third indication information and the received media message.
  • the sending module 603 is configured to send media messages to the network element of the access network through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information within the valid period of the timer.
  • the receiving module 601 is used to receive the timer from the session management network element.
  • the client operation includes at least one of the following: initial play, jump, normal play, and pause.
  • the receiving module 601 and the sending module 603 in FIG. 6 can be replaced by a transceiver.
  • the transceiver can integrate the functions of the receiving module 601 and the sending module 603, and the processing module 602 can be replaced by a processor.
  • the processor may integrate the functions of the processing module 602.
  • the communication device 60 shown in FIG. 6 may also include a memory.
  • the receiving module 601 and the sending module 603 are replaced by a transceiver, and the processing module 602 is replaced by a processor, the communication device 60 involved in the embodiment of the present application may be the communication device shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 7 shows a communication device, and the communication device 70 may be a session management network element or a chip or a system on a chip in a session management network element.
  • the communication device 70 may be used to perform the functions of the session management network element involved in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the communication device 70 shown in FIG. 7 includes: a sending module 701.
  • the sending module 701 is configured to send to the user plane network element third instruction information for instructing the user plane network element to determine the associated information corresponding to the media message after receiving the media message, so that the user plane network element can follow the third instruction
  • the information and the received media message determine the associated information corresponding to the media message, and send the media message to the access network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information; the associated information is related to the client operation corresponding to the media message information.
  • the specific implementation of the communication device 70 may refer to the behavior function of the session management network element in the media message transmission method described in FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • the communication device further includes a receiving module 702 and a processing module 703.
  • the receiving module 702 is configured to receive client operations from the policy control network element and QoS parameters corresponding to the client operations; processing module 703 , Is used to determine the QoS flow corresponding to the QoS parameter according to the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation; the sending module 701 is also used to send the correspondence between the client operation and the QoS flow as the first correspondence to the user plane network element.
  • the receiving module 702 is used to receive the client operation from the policy control network element and the QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation; the processing module 703 is used to determine the QoS according to the QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation QoS flow corresponding to the parameter; processing module 703, used to determine the priority corresponding to the client operation according to the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation; sending module 701, used to correlate the priority corresponding to the client operation with the QoS flow It is sent to the user plane network element as the second correspondence.
  • the receiving module 702 is used to obtain the client operation and QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation;
  • the sending module 701 is used to send the client operation and the corresponding QoS parameters of the client operation to the policy control network Or receiving module 702, used to obtain client operation, QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation; processing module 703, used to determine the priority corresponding to the client operation according to the QoS parameters corresponding to the client operation; sending module 701, It is used to send the client operation and the priority corresponding to the client operation to the policy control network element.
  • the sending module 701 and the receiving module 702 in FIG. 7 can be replaced by a transceiver, and the processing module 703 can be replaced by a processor.
  • the transceiver can integrate the functions of the sending module 701 and the receiving module 702.
  • the processor may integrate the functions of the processing module 703.
  • the communication device 70 shown in FIG. 7 may also include a memory.
  • the sending module 701 and the receiving module 702 are replaced by a transceiver, and the processing module 703 is replaced by a processor, the communication device 70 involved in the embodiment of the present application may be the communication device shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 8 shows a communication device, and the communication device 80 may be an application server or a chip or a system on a chip in the application server.
  • the communication device 80 can be used to perform the functions of the application server involved in the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the communication device 80 shown in FIG. 8 includes: a receiving module 801 and a sending module 802.
  • the receiving module 801 is configured to receive a media message request for requesting a media message from an application server from a user plane network element.
  • the sending module 802 is configured to send a media message to the user plane network element; so that the user plane network element determines the associated information corresponding to the media message, and sends the media message to the access network network element through the QoS flow corresponding to the associated information; Among them, the associated information is information associated with the client operation corresponding to the media message.
  • the specific implementation of the communication device 80 may refer to the behavior function of the application server in the media message transmission method described in FIG. 3 to FIG. 5.
  • the communication device further includes a processing module 803, which is used to identify the media message request and obtain the client operation corresponding to the media message; and the processing module 803 is also used to The corresponding client operation determines the associated information; the sending module 802 is also used to carry the associated information in the media message and send it to the user plane network element.
  • a processing module 803 which is used to identify the media message request and obtain the client operation corresponding to the media message; and the processing module 803 is also used to The corresponding client operation determines the associated information; the sending module 802 is also used to carry the associated information in the media message and send it to the user plane network element.
  • the processing module 803 is further configured to determine the first indication information for indicating the client operation corresponding to the media message according to the client operation corresponding to the media message; use the first indication information as the associated information .
  • the processing module 803 is also used to receive client operations from the policy control network element through the application function network element and the priority corresponding to the client operation; the application server operates according to the client operation corresponding to the media message And the priority corresponding to the client operation, determining the second indication information used to indicate the priority corresponding to the client operation corresponding to the media message; the application server uses the second indication information as the associated information.
  • the receiving module 801 is also used to receive client operations from the policy control network element and QoS parameters corresponding to the client operations through the application function network element; the processing module 803 is also used to receive media messages according to The corresponding client operation and the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation determine the fourth indication information used to indicate the QoS parameter corresponding to the client operation corresponding to the media message, and the fourth indication information is used as the associated information.
  • the receiving module 801 and the sending module 802 in FIG. 8 can be replaced by a transceiver, and the processing module 803 can be replaced by a processor.
  • the transceiver can integrate the functions of the receiving module 801 and the sending module 802.
  • the processor may integrate the functions of the processing module 803.
  • the communication device 80 shown in FIG. 8 may also include a memory.
  • the communication device 80 involved in the embodiment of the present application may be the communication device shown in FIG. 2.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. All or part of the processes in the foregoing method embodiments may be completed by a computer program instructing relevant hardware.
  • the program may be stored in the foregoing computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it may include processes as in the foregoing method embodiments. .
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of the terminal (including the data sending end and/or the data receiving end) of any of the foregoing embodiments, such as the hard disk or memory of the terminal.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may also be an external storage device of the terminal, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, and a flash memory card equipped on the terminal.
  • SMC smart media card
  • SD secure digital
  • the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may also include both an internal storage unit of the aforementioned terminal and an external storage device.
  • the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium is used to store the aforementioned computer program and other programs and data required by the aforementioned terminal.
  • the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.
  • At least one (item) refers to one or more
  • “multiple” refers to two or more than two
  • “at least two (item)” refers to two or three And three or more
  • "and/or” is used to describe the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, "A and/or B” can mean: there is only A, only B and A at the same time And B three cases, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or” relationship.
  • At least one item (a) refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (a) or a plurality of items (a).
  • at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", “a and c", “b and c", or "a and b and c" ", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.
  • the disclosed device and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division.
  • there may be other division methods for example, multiple units or components may be It can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be omitted or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate.
  • the parts displayed as units may be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed to multiple different places. . Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the software product is stored in a storage medium. It includes several instructions to make a device (which may be a single-chip microcomputer, a chip, etc.) or a processor (processor) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了媒体报文的传输方法、装置及系统，涉及通信技术领域，能够解决现有技术中终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间较长的技术问题。方法包括：用户面网元接收来自应用服务器的媒体报文；确定媒体报文对应的关联信息；其中，关联信息为与媒体报文对应的客户端操作关联的信息；通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。

Description

媒体报文的传输方法、装置及系统
本申请要求于2020年04月22日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202010322719.2、申请名称为“媒体报文的传输方法、装置及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，尤其是涉及一种媒体报文的传输方法、装置及系统。
背景技术
随着新媒体行业的快速发展，超高清视频、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)全景视频等业务的普遍使用使得用户对网络带宽的需求越来越大。现有媒体业务的数据在进行传输时，可以采用编码技术对媒体业务的数据进行编码生成媒体报文，实现对媒体业务的数据的压缩，以降低媒体业务的数据对网络带宽的需求，缩短传输时间，提高用户体验感。
目前，各个终端可以根据用户不同的客户端操作，通过用户面网元向应用服务器请求不同的媒体报文。用户面网元在向各个终端发送媒体报文时，可以根据应用服务器发送的媒体报文的先后顺序向各个终端发送媒体报文。
即现有技术中，某一终端在获取媒体报文时，需要等用户面网元将位于该终端对应的媒体报文之前的媒体报文发送出去之后，才能向该终端发送媒体报文，导致终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间较长，影响用户观看体验。例如，以终端1的客户端操作为暂停为例，虽然终端1的客户端操作为暂停，但是终端1仍会通过用户面网元向应用服务器请求媒体报文，以进行后台缓存。若在该过程中，终端2的用户想要开始播放一段视频，即终端2的客户端操作为初始播放。用户面网元在向终端2发送媒体报文时，尽管终端1的客户端操作为暂停，用户面网元仍需要将位于终端2对应的媒体报文之前的，终端1对应的媒体报文先发送给终端1，才能将终端2对应的媒体报文发送给终端2，导致终端2的用户在播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间较长。再例如，在终端1的客户端操作为正常播放的过程中，终端1的用户想要快进或快退，即终端1的客户端操作由正常播放变为跳转。用户面网元在向终端1发送跳转对应的媒体报文时，仍需要将位于跳转对应的媒体报文之前的，正常播放对应的媒体报文先发送给终端1，才能将跳转对应的媒体报文发送给终端1，导致终端1的用户在快进或快退时等待缓冲的时间较长。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种媒体报文的传输方法、装置及系统，能够解决现有技术中终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间较长的技术问题。
第一方面，提供了一种媒体报文的传输方法，该方法包括：用户面网元接收来自应用服务器的媒体报文；用户面网元确定媒体报文对应的关联信息；其中，关联信息为与媒体报文对应的客户端操作关联的信息；用户面网元通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。
基于第一方面，本申请实施例中，用户面网元可以根据接收到的应用服务器发送的媒体报文，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息；并通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送 媒体报文。与现有技术中用户面网元按照应用服务器发送的媒体报文的先后顺序将媒体报文依次发送给各个终端相比，本申请实施例中用户面网元可以通过媒体报文对应的关联信息对应的QoS流，将媒体报文发送给接入网网元，实现对媒体报文的差异化传输，缩短终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间，提高用户观看体验。
一种可能的设计中，结合第一方面，用户面网元对携带关联信息的媒体报文进行识别，得到关联信息；或者用户面网元接收来自应用服务器的关联信息；或者用户面网元根据获取的用于向应用服务器请求媒体报文的媒体报文请求，确定媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作，根据媒体报文对应的媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作，确定关联信息。
基于该可能的设计，用户面网元可以采用上述任一方式确定媒体报文对应的关联信息，为用户面网元确定媒体报文对应的关联信息提供了可行性方案。
一种可能的设计中，结合第一方面或者第一方面的可能的设计，用户面网元对媒体报文进行应用层识别，得到关联信息；或者用户面网元对媒体报文进行传输层识别，得到关联信息；或者用户面网元对媒体报文进行网络层识别，得到关联信息。
基于该可能的设计，用户面网元可以采用上述任一方式确定媒体报文对应的关联信息，为用户面网元确定媒体报文对应的关联信息提供了可行性方案。
一种可能的设计中，结合第一方面或者第一方面的可能的设计，媒体报文请求包括实时流协议RTSP请求，用户面网元根据RTSP请求，确定媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作；或者媒体报文请求包括媒体报文的索引号，用户面网元根据媒体报文的索引号，确定媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作。
基于该可能的设计，用户面网元可以根据RTSP请求或者媒体报文的索引号确定媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作，为用户面网元确定媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作提供了可行性方案。
一种可能的设计中，结合第一方面或者第一方面的可能的设计，关联信息包括第一指示信息，其中，第一指示信息用于指示媒体报文对应的客户端操作；或者关联信息包括第二指示信息，其中，第二指示信息用于指示媒体报文对应的客户端操作对应的优先级。
基于该可能的设计，关联信息可以是媒体报文对应的客户端操作，也可以是客户端操作对应的优先级，还可以是其他与媒体报文的客户端操作关联的信息等，不予限制。
一种可能的设计中，结合第一方面或者第一方面的可能的设计，当关联信息包括第一指示信息时，用户面网元根据第一指示信息指示的客户端操作以及第一对应关系，确定客户端操作对应的QoS流；其中，不同的客户端操作对应不同的QoS流；第一对应关系为客户端操作与QoS流的对应关系；用户面网元通过客户端操作对应的QoS流，向接入网网元发送媒体报文。
一种可能的设计中，结合第一方面或者第一方面的可能的设计，用户面网元接收来自会话管理网元的第一对应关系。
基于上述两种可能的设计，用户面网元可以根据会话管理网元发送的客户端操作与QoS流的对应关系，将对应于不同客户端操作的媒体报文通过不同的QoS流发送给接入网网元，以实现对媒体报文的差异化传输，缩短终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间，提高用户观看体验。
一种可能的设计中，结合第一方面或者第一方面的可能的设计，当关联信息包括第二 指示信息时，当不同的优先级对应不同的QoS流时，用户面网元根据第二指示信息指示的优先级以及第二对应关系，通过优先级对应的QoS流，将媒体报文发送给接入网网元；其中，第二对应关系为客户端操作对应的优先级与QoS流的对应关系；或者当不同的优先级对应相同的QoS流时，用户面网元根据第二指示信息指示的优先级以及第二对应关系，通过QoS流将媒体报文按照优先级发送给接入网网元；其中，第二对应关系为客户端操作对应的优先级与QoS流的对应关系。
一种可能的设计中，结合第一方面或者第一方面的可能的设计，用户面网元接收来自会话管理网元的第二对应关系。
基于上述两种可能的设计，用户面网元可以根据会话管理网元发送的客户端操作的优先级与QoS流的对应关系，将对应于客户端操作对应的优先级的媒体报文通过优先级对应的QoS流发送给接入网网元，以实现对媒体报文的差异化传输，缩短终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间，提高用户观看体验。
一种可能的设计中，结合第一方面或者第一方面的可能的设计，用户面网元接收来自会话管理网元的用于指示用户面网元接收到媒体报文后，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息的第三指示信息；用户面网元根据第三指示信息和接收到的媒体报文，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息。
基于该可能的设计，用户面网元可以根据接收到的第三指示信息，确定需要确定接收到的媒体报文对应的关联信息，便在后续数据传输过程中，根据接收到的媒体报文，确定该媒体报文对应的关联信息。
一种可能的设计中，结合第一方面或者第一方面的可能的设计，在定时器有效期内，用户面网元通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。
一种可能的设计中，结合第一方面或者第一方面的可能的设计，用户面网元接收来自会话管理网元的定时器。
基于上述两种可能的设计，用户面网元可以根据会话管理网元发送的定时器，在定时器有效期内，通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。以实现在不同时间段内采用不同的QoS流对媒体报文进行传输，使得用户面网元对媒体报文的传输更加灵活。
一种可能的设计中，结合第一方面或者第一方面的可能的设计，客户端操作包括以下至少一种：初始播放、跳转、正常播放、暂停。
基于该可能的设计，客户端操作可以是上述客户端操作，也可以是其他客户端操作，不予限制。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置，通信装置可以实现上述第一方面或者第一方面可能的设计中用户面网元所执行的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个上述功能相应的模块。如，接收模块，处理模块，发送模块。
接收模块，用于接收来自应用服务器的媒体报文。
处理模块，用于确定媒体报文对应的关联信息；其中，关联信息为与媒体报文对应的客户端操作关联的信息。
发送模块，用于通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。
其中，该通信装置的具体实现方式可参考第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的设计提 供的媒体报文的传输方法中用户面网元的行为功能，基于第二方面所述的通信装置，用户面网元可以根据接收到的应用服务器发送的媒体报文，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息；并通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。与现有技术中用户面网元按照应用服务器发送的媒体报文的先后顺序将媒体报文依次发送给各个终端相比，本申请实施例中用户面网元可以通过媒体报文对应的关联信息对应的QoS流，将媒体报文发送给接入网网元，实现对媒体报文的差异化传输，缩短终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间，提高用户观看体验。
一种可能的设计中，结合第二方面，处理模块，用于对携带关联信息的媒体报文进行识别，得到关联信息；或者接收模块，用于接收来自应用服务器的关联信息；或者处理模块，用于根据获取的用于向应用服务器请求媒体报文的媒体报文请求，确定媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作，根据媒体报文对应的媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作，确定关联信息。
基于该可能的设计，用户面网元可以采用上述任一方式确定媒体报文对应的关联信息，为用户面网元确定媒体报文对应的关联信息提供了可行性方案。
一种可能的设计中，结合第二方面或者第二方面的可能的设计，处理模块，用于对媒体报文进行应用层识别，得到关联信息；或者对媒体报文进行传输层识别，得到关联信息；或者对媒体报文进行网络层识别，得到关联信息。
基于该可能的设计，用户面网元可以采用上述任一方式确定媒体报文对应的关联信息，为用户面网元确定媒体报文对应的关联信息提供了可行性方案。
一种可能的设计中，结合第二方面或者第二方面的可能的设计，媒体报文请求包括实时流协议RTSP请求，处理模块，用于根据RTSP请求，确定媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作；或者媒体报文请求包括媒体报文的索引号，处理模块，用于根据媒体报文的索引号，确定媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作。
基于该可能的设计，用户面网元可以根据RTSP请求或者媒体报文的索引号确定媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作，为用户面网元确定媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作提供了可行性方案。
一种可能的设计中，结合第二方面或者第二方面的可能的设计，关联信息包括第一指示信息，其中，第一指示信息用于指示媒体报文对应的客户端操作；或者关联信息包括第二指示信息，其中，第二指示信息用于指示媒体报文对应的客户端操作对应的优先级。
基于该可能的设计，关联信息可以是媒体报文对应的客户端操作，也可以是客户端操作对应的优先级，还可以是其他与媒体报文的客户端操作关联的信息等，不予限制。
一种可能的设计中，结合第二方面或者第二方面的可能的设计，当关联信息包括第一指示信息时，处理模块，用于根据第一指示信息指示的客户端操作以及第一对应关系，确定客户端操作对应的QoS流；其中，不同的客户端操作对应不同的QoS流；第一对应关系为客户端操作与QoS流的对应关系；发送模块，用于通过客户端操作对应的QoS流，向接入网网元发送媒体报文。
一种可能的设计中，结合第二方面或者第二方面的可能的设计，接收模块，用于接收来自会话管理网元的第一对应关系。
基于上述两种可能的设计，用户面网元可以根据会话管理网元发送的客户端操作与QoS流的对应关系，将对应于不同客户端操作的媒体报文通过不同的QoS流发送给接入网 网元，以实现对媒体报文的差异化传输，缩短终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间，提高用户观看体验。
一种可能的设计中，结合第二方面或者第二方面的可能的设计，当关联信息包括第二指示信息时，当不同的优先级对应不同的QoS流时，发送模块，用于根据第二指示信息指示的优先级以及第二对应关系，通过优先级对应的QoS流，将媒体报文发送给接入网网元；其中，第二对应关系为客户端操作对应的优先级与QoS流的对应关系；或者当不同的优先级对应相同的QoS流时，发送模块，用于根据第二指示信息指示的优先级以及第二对应关系，通过QoS流将媒体报文按照优先级发送给接入网网元；其中，第二对应关系为客户端操作对应的优先级与QoS流的对应关系。
一种可能的设计中，结合第二方面或者第二方面的可能的设计，接收模块，用于接收来自会话管理网元的第二对应关系。
基于上述两种可能的设计，用户面网元可以根据会话管理网元发送的客户端操作的优先级与QoS流的对应关系，将对应于客户端操作对应的优先级的媒体报文通过优先级对应的QoS流发送给接入网网元，以实现对媒体报文的差异化传输，缩短终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间，提高用户观看体验。
一种可能的设计中，结合第二方面或者第二方面的可能的设计，接收模块，用于接收来自会话管理网元的用于指示用户面网元接收到媒体报文后，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息的第三指示信息；处理模块，用于根据第三指示信息和接收到的媒体报文，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息。
基于该可能的设计，用户面网元可以根据接收到的第三指示信息，确定需要确定接收到的媒体报文对应的关联信息，便在后续数据传输过程中，根据接收到的媒体报文，确定该媒体报文对应的关联信息。
一种可能的设计中，结合第二方面或者第二方面的可能的设计，发送模块，用于在定时器有效期内，通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。
一种可能的设计中，结合第二方面或者第二方面的可能的设计，接收模块，用于接收来自会话管理网元的定时器。
基于上述两种可能的设计，用户面网元可以根据会话管理网元发送的定时器，在定时器有效期内，通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。以实现在不同时间段内采用不同的QoS流对媒体报文进行传输，使得用户面网元对媒体报文的传输更加灵活。
一种可能的设计中，结合第二方面或者第二方面的可能的设计，客户端操作包括以下至少一种：初始播放、跳转、正常播放、暂停。
基于该可能的设计，客户端操作可以是上述客户端操作，也可以是其他客户端操作，不予限制。
第三方面，提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为用户面网元或者用户面网元中的芯片或者片上系统。该通信装置可以实现上述各方面或者各可能的设计中用户面网元所执行的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件实现。一种可能的设计中，该通信装置可以包括：收发器和处理器。收发器和处理器可以用于支持通信装置实现上述第一方面或者第一方面的任一种可能的设计中所涉及的功能。例如：收发器可以用于接收来自应用服务器的媒体报文，处理器可以用于确定媒体报文对应的关联信息；其中，关联信息为与媒体报文对应的客户 端操作关联的信息，收发器还可以用于通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。在又一种可能的设计中，所述通信装置还可以包括存储器，存储器，用于保存通信装置必要的计算机执行指令和数据。当该通信装置运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的该计算机执行指令，以使该通信装置执行如上述第一方面或者第一方面的任一种可能的设计所述的媒体报文的传输方法。
其中，该通信装置的具体实现方式可参考第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的设计提供的媒体报文的传输方法中用户面网元的行为功能。
第四方面，提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置包括一个或多个处理器和一个或多个存储器；一个或多个存储器与一个或多个处理器耦合，一个或多个存储器用于存储计算机程序代码或计算机指令；当一个或多个处理器执行计算机指令时，使得通信装置执行如第一方面或者第一方面的任一可能的设计所述的媒体报文的传输方法。
第五方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机指令或程序，当计算机指令或程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第一方面或者第一方面的任一可能的设计所述的媒体报文的传输方法。
第六方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第一方面或者第一方面的任一可能的设计所述的媒体报文的传输方法。
第七方面，提供了一种芯片系统，所述芯片系统包括一个或多个处理器和一个或多个存储器；一个或多个存储器与一个或多个处理器耦合，一个或多个存储器中存储有计算机程序代码或计算机指令；当所述一个或多个处理器执行所述计算机程序代码或计算机指令时，使得所述芯片系统执行如上述第一方面或者第一方面的任一可能的设计所述的媒体报文的传输方法。
其中，第三方面至第七方面中任一种设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见上述第一方面至第二方面的任一种可能的设计所带来的技术效果，不再赘述。
第八方面，提供了一种媒体报文的传输方法，该方法包括：会话管理网元向用户面网元发送用于指示用户面网元接收到媒体报文后，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息的第三指示信息，以使用户面网元根据第三指示信息和接收到的媒体报文确定媒体报文对应的关联信息，通过关联信息对应的QoS流将媒体报文发送给接入网网元；关联信息为与媒体报文对应的客户端操作关联的信息。
基于第八方面，本申请实施例中，会话管理网元可以向用户面网元发送第三指示信息，以使用户面网元根据第三指示信息，确定接收到的媒体报文对应的关联信息，并通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。与现有技术中用户面网元按照应用服务器发送的媒体报文的先后顺序将媒体报文依次发送给各个终端相比，本申请实施例中用户面网元根据第三指示信息，可以通过媒体报文对应的关联信息对应的QoS流，将媒体报文发送给接入网网元，实现对媒体报文的差异化传输，缩短终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间，提高用户观看体验。
一种可能的设计中，结合第八方面，会话管理网元接收来自策略控制网元的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的QoS参数；根据客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定QoS参数对应的QoS流；并将客户端操作与QoS流的对应关系作为第一对应关系发送给用户面网元。
基于该可能的设计，会话管理网元可以将第一对应关系发送给用户面网元，以使用户面网元根据第一对应关系确定媒体报文对应的客户端操作对应的QoS流，通过该QoS流将媒体报文发送给接入网网元，从而实现对媒体报文的差异化传输。
一种可能的设计中，结合第八方面，会话管理网元接收来自策略控制网元的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的QoS参数；根据客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定QoS参数对应的QoS流；根据客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定客户端操作对应的优先级；会话管理网元将客户端操作对应的优先级与QoS流的对应关系作为第二对应关系发送给用户面网元。
基于该可能的设计，会话管理网元可以将第二对应关系发送给用户面网元，以使用户面网元根据第二对应关系确定接收到的媒体报文对应的客户端操作对应的优先级所对应的QoS流，通过该QoS流将媒体报文发送给接入网网元，从而实现对媒体报文的差异化传输。
一种可能的设计中，结合第八方面，会话管理网元获取客户端操作、客户端操作对应的QoS参数；会话管理网元将客户端操作、客户端操作的对应的QoS参数发送给策略控制网元；或者会话管理网元获取客户端操作、客户端操作对应的QoS参数；会话管理网元根据客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定客户端操作对应的优先级；会话管理网元将客户端操作、客户端操作对应的优先级发送给策略控制网元。
基于该可能的设计，会话管理网元可以将上述信息发送给策略控制网元，以使策略控制网元将接收到的上述信息通过应用功能网元转发给应用服务器，以使应用服务器根据上述信息确定媒体报文对应的关联信息，并将关联信息携带在媒体报文中发送给用户面网元，使得用户面网元根据媒体报文的关联信息实现对媒体报文的差异化传输，缩短终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间，提高用户观看体验。
第九方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置，通信装置可以实现上述第八方面或者第八方面可能的设计中会话管理网元所执行的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个上述功能相应的模块。如，发送模块。
发送模块，用于向用户面网元发送用于指示用户面网元接收到媒体报文后，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息的第三指示信息，以使用户面网元根据第三指示信息和接收到的媒体报文确定媒体报文对应的关联信息，通过关联信息对应的QoS流将媒体报文发送给接入网网元；关联信息为与媒体报文对应的客户端操作关联的信息。
其中，该通信装置的具体实现方式可参考第八方面或第八方面的任一种可能的设计提供的媒体报文的传输方法中会话管理网元的行为功能，基于第九方面所述的通信装置，会话管理网元可以向用户面网元发送第三指示信息，以使用户面网元根据第三指示信息，确定接收到的媒体报文对应的关联信息，并通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。与现有技术中用户面网元按照应用服务器发送的媒体报文的先后顺序将媒体报文依次发送给各个终端相比，本申请实施例中用户面网元根据第三指示信息，可以通过媒体报文对应的关联信息对应的QoS流，将媒体报文发送给接入网网元，实现对媒体报文的差异化传输，缩短终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间，提高用户观看体验。
一种可能的设计中，结合第九方面，通信装置还包括接收模块和处理模块，其中，接收模块，用于接收来自策略控制网元的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的QoS参数；处 理模块，用于根据客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定QoS参数对应的QoS流；发送模块，还用于将客户端操作与QoS流的对应关系作为第一对应关系发送给用户面网元。
基于该可能的设计，会话管理网元可以将第一对应关系发送给用户面网元，以使用户面网元根据第一对应关系确定媒体报文对应的客户端操作对应的QoS流，通过该QoS流将媒体报文发送给接入网网元，从而实现对媒体报文的差异化传输。
一种可能的设计中，结合第九方面或者第九方面的可能的设计，接收模块，用于接收来自策略控制网元的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的QoS参数；处理模块，用于根据客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定QoS参数对应的QoS流；处理模块，用于根据客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定客户端操作对应的优先级；发送模块，用于将客户端操作对应的优先级与QoS流的对应关系作为第二对应关系发送给用户面网元。
基于该可能的设计，会话管理网元可以将第二对应关系发送给用户面网元，以使用户面网元根据第二对应关系确定接收到的媒体报文对应的客户端操作对应的优先级所对应的QoS流，通过该QoS流将媒体报文发送给接入网网元，从而实现对媒体报文的差异化传输。
一种可能的设计中，结合第九方面或者第九方面的可能的设计，接收模块，用于获取客户端操作、客户端操作对应的QoS参数；发送模块，用于将客户端操作、客户端操作的对应的QoS参数发送给策略控制网元；或者接收模块，用于获取客户端操作、客户端操作对应的QoS参数；处理模块，用于根据客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定客户端操作对应的优先级；发送模块，用于将客户端操作、客户端操作对应的优先级发送给策略控制网元。
基于该可能的设计，会话管理网元可以将上述信息发送给策略控制网元，以使策略控制网元将接收到的上述信息通过应用功能网元转发给应用服务器，以使应用服务器根据上述信息确定媒体报文对应的关联信息，并将关联信息携带在媒体报文中发送给用户面网元，使得用户面网元根据媒体报文的关联信息实现对媒体报文的差异化传输，缩短终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间，提高用户观看体验。
第十方面，提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为会话管理网元或者会话管理网元中的芯片或者片上系统。该通信装置可以实现上述各方面或者各可能的设计中会话管理网元所执行的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件实现。一种可能的设计中，该通信装置可以包括：收发器。收发器可以用于支持通信装置实现上述第八方面或者第八方面的任一种可能的设计中所涉及的功能。例如：收发器可以用于向用户面网元发送用于指示用户面网元接收到媒体报文后，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息的第三指示信息，以使用户面网元根据第三指示信息和接收到的媒体报文确定媒体报文对应的关联信息，通过关联信息对应的QoS流将媒体报文发送给接入网网元；关联信息为与媒体报文对应的客户端操作关联的信息。在又一种可能的设计中，所述通信装置还可以包括存储器，存储器，用于保存通信装置必要的计算机执行指令和数据。当该通信装置运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的该计算机执行指令，以使该通信装置执行如上述第八方面或者第八方面的任一种可能的设计所述的媒体报文的传输方法。
其中，该通信装置的具体实现方式可参考第八方面或第八方面的任一种可能的设计提供的媒体报文的传输方法中会话管理网元的行为功能。
第十一方面，提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置包括一个或多个处理器和一个或多个存储器；一个或多个存储器与一个或多个处理器耦合，一个或多个存储器用于存储计算机程序代码或计算机指令；当一个或多个处理器执行计算机指令时，使得通信装置执行如第八方面或者第八方面的任一可能的设计所述的媒体报文的传输方法。
第十二方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机指令或程序，当计算机指令或程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第八方面或者第八方面的任一可能的设计所述的媒体报文的传输方法。
第十三方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第八方面或者第八方面的任一可能的设计所述的媒体报文的传输方法。
第十四方面，提供了一种芯片系统，所述芯片系统包括一个或多个处理器和一个或多个存储器；一个或多个存储器与一个或多个处理器耦合，一个或多个存储器中存储有计算机程序代码或计算机指令；当所述一个或多个处理器执行所述计算机程序代码或计算机指令时，使得所述芯片系统执行如上述第八方面或者第八方面的任一可能的设计所述的媒体报文的传输方法。
其中，第十方面至第十四方面中任一种设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见上述第八方面至第九方面的任一种可能的设计所带来的技术效果，不再赘述。
第十五方面，提供了一种媒体报文的传输方法，该方法包括：应用服务器接收来自用户面网元的用于向应用服务器请求媒体报文的媒体报文请求；应用服务器向用户面网元发送媒体报文；以使用户面网元确定媒体报文对应的关联信息，通过关联信息对应的QoS流将媒体报文发送给接入网网元；其中，关联信息为与媒体报文对应的客户端操作关联的信息。
基于第十五方面，应用服务器可以根据接收到的媒体报文请求，向用户面网元发送携带有关联信息的媒体报文，以使用户面网元根据关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。与现有技术中用户面网元按照应用服务器发送的媒体报文的先后顺序将媒体报文依次发送给各个终端相比，本申请实施例中用户面网元根据第三指示信息，可以通过媒体报文对应的关联信息对应的QoS流，将媒体报文发送给接入网网元，实现对媒体报文的差异化传输，缩短终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间，提高用户观看体验。
一种可能的设计中，结合第十五方面，应用服务器对媒体报文请求进行识别，得到媒体报文对应的客户端操作；根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作，确定关联信息；将关联信息携带在媒体报文中发送给用户面网元。
基于该可能的设计，应用服务器可以根据媒体报文请求确定媒体报文对应的客户端操作，进而将关联信息携带在媒体报文中发送给用户面网元，以使用户面网元根据关联信息实现对媒体报文的差异化传输，缩短终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间，提高用户观看体验。
一种可能的设计中，结合第十五方面或者第十五方面的可能的设计，应用服务器根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作，确定用于指示媒体报文对应的客户端操作的第一指示信息；将第一指示信息作为关联信息。
一种可能的设计中，结合第十五方面或者第十五方面的可能的设计，应用服务器通过应用功能网元接收来自策略控制网元的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的优先级；应用 服务器根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的优先级，确定用于指示媒体报文对应的客户端操作对应的优先级的第二指示信息；应用服务器将第二指示信息作为关联信息。
一种可能的设计中，结合第十五方面或者第十五方面的可能的设计，应用服务器通过应用功能网元接收来自策略控制网元的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的QoS参数；应用服务器根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定用于指示媒体报文对应的客户端操作对应的QoS参数的第四指示信息，将第四指示信息作为关联信息。
基于上述三种可能的设计，应用服务器可以将第一指示信息、第二指示信息或者第四指示信息作为关联信息，当然，应用服务器还可以将其他与客户端操作关联的信息作为关联信息，不予限制。
第十六方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置，通信装置可以实现上述第十五方面或者第十五方面可能的设计中应用服务器所执行的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个上述功能相应的模块。如，接收模块，发送模块。
接收模块，用于接收来自用户面网元的用于向应用服务器请求媒体报文的媒体报文请求。
发送模块，用于向用户面网元发送媒体报文；以使用户面网元确定媒体报文对应的关联信息，通过关联信息对应的QoS流将媒体报文发送给接入网网元；其中，关联信息为与媒体报文对应的客户端操作关联的信息。
其中，该通信装置的具体实现方式可参考第十五方面或第十五方面的任一种可能的设计提供的媒体报文的传输方法中应用服务器的行为功能，基于第十六方面所述的通信装置，应用服务器可以根据接收到的媒体报文请求，向用户面网元发送携带有关联信息的媒体报文，以使用户面网元根据关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。与现有技术中用户面网元按照应用服务器发送的媒体报文的先后顺序将媒体报文依次发送给各个终端相比，本申请实施例中用户面网元根据第三指示信息，可以通过媒体报文对应的关联信息对应的QoS流，将媒体报文发送给接入网网元，实现对媒体报文的差异化传输，缩短终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间，提高用户观看体验。
一种可能的设计中，结合第十六方面，通信装置还包括处理模块，处理模块，用于对媒体报文请求进行识别，得到媒体报文对应的客户端操作；处理模块，还用于根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作，确定关联信息；发送模块，还用于将关联信息携带在媒体报文中发送给用户面网元。
基于该可能的设计，应用服务器可以根据媒体报文请求确定媒体报文对应的客户端操作，进而将关联信息携带在媒体报文中发送给用户面网元，以使用户面网元根据关联信息实现对媒体报文的差异化传输，缩短终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间，提高用户观看体验。
一种可能的设计中，结合第十六方面或者第十六方面的可能的设计，处理模块，还用于根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作，确定用于指示媒体报文对应的客户端操作的第一指示信息；将第一指示信息作为关联信息。
一种可能的设计中，结合第十六方面或者第十六方面的可能的设计，处理模块，还用于通过应用功能网元接收来自策略控制网元的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的优先级；应用服务器根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的优先级，确定用于指示媒体报文对应的客户端操作对应的优先级的第二指示信息；应用服务器将第二指示信息作为关联信息。
一种可能的设计中，结合第十六方面或者第十六方面的可能的设计，接收模块，还用于通过应用功能网元接收来自策略控制网元的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的QoS参数；处理模块，还用于根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定用于指示媒体报文对应的客户端操作对应的QoS参数的第四指示信息，将第四指示信息作为关联信息。
基于上述三种可能的设计，应用服务器可以将第一指示信息、第二指示信息或者第四指示信息作为关联信息，当然，应用服务器还可以将其他与客户端操作关联的信息作为关联信息，不予限制。
第十七方面，提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为应用服务器或者应用服务器中的芯片或者片上系统。该通信装置可以实现上述各方面或者各可能的设计中用户面网元所执行的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件实现。一种可能的设计中，该通信装置可以包括：收发器和处理器。收发器和处理器可以用于支持通信装置实现上述第十五方面或者第十五方面的任一种可能的设计中所涉及的功能。例如：收发器可以用于接收来自用户面网元的用于向应用服务器请求媒体报文的媒体报文请求。收发器还可以用于向用户面网元发送媒体报文；以使用户面网元确定媒体报文对应的关联信息，通过关联信息对应的QoS流将媒体报文发送给接入网网元；其中，关联信息为与媒体报文对应的客户端操作关联的信息。在又一种可能的设计中，所述通信装置还可以包括存储器，存储器，用于保存通信装置必要的计算机执行指令和数据。当该通信装置运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的该计算机执行指令，以使该通信装置执行如上述第十五方面或者第十五方面的任一种可能的设计所述的媒体报文的传输方法。
其中，该通信装置的具体实现方式可参考第十五方面或第十五方面的任一种可能的设计提供的媒体报文的传输方法中应用服务器的行为功能。
第十八方面，提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置包括一个或多个处理器和一个或多个存储器；一个或多个存储器与一个或多个处理器耦合，一个或多个存储器用于存储计算机程序代码或计算机指令；当一个或多个处理器执行计算机指令时，使得通信装置执行如第十五方面或第十五方面的任一种可能的设计提供的媒体报文的传输方法中应用服务器的行为功能。
第十九方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机指令或程序，当计算机指令或程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第十五方面或第十五方面的任一种可能的设计提供的媒体报文的传输方法中应用服务器的行为功能。
第二十方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第十五方面或第十五方面的任一种可能的设计提供的媒体报文的传输方法中应用服务器的行为功能。
第二十一方面，提供了一种芯片系统，所述芯片系统包括一个或多个处理器和一个或 多个存储器；一个或多个存储器与一个或多个处理器耦合，一个或多个存储器中存储有计算机程序代码或计算机指令；当所述一个或多个处理器执行所述计算机程序代码或计算机指令时，使得所述芯片系统执行如上述第十五方面或第十五方面的任一种可能的设计提供的媒体报文的传输方法中应用服务器的行为功能。
其中，第十七方面至第二十一方面中任一种设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见上述第十五方面至第十六方面的任一种可能的设计所带来的技术效果，不再赘述。
第二十二方面，提供了一种通信系统，该通信系统包括如第二方面至第三方面的任一方面所述的通信装置、如第九方面至第十方面任一方面所述通信装置、以及如第十五方面至第十六方面的任一方面所述的通信装置。
附图说明
图1a为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的示意图；
图1b为本申请实施例提供的一种5G通信系统的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的组成结构图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种媒体报文的传输方法流程图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种媒体报文的传输方法流程图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种媒体报文的传输方法流程图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的组成示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的组成示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的组成示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合说明书附图对本申请实施例的实施方式进行详细描述。
目前，现有技术中，用户面网元在向各个终端发送媒体报文时，可以根据应用服务器发送的媒体报文的先后顺序向各个终端发送媒体报文。在某一终端获取媒体报文时，用户面网元需要将位于该终端对应的媒体报文之前的媒体报文发送出去之后，才能向该终端发送媒体报文，导致终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间较长。
为解决该问题，本申请实施例提供了一种媒体报文的传输方法，其中，用户面网元可以根据接收到的应用服务器发送的媒体报文，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息；该关联信息为与媒体报文对应的客户端操作关联的信息；并通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。与现有技术中用户面网元按照应用服务器发送的媒体报文的先后顺序将媒体报文依次发送给各个终端相比，本申请实施例中用户面网元可以通过媒体报文对应的关联信息对应的QoS流，将媒体报文发送给接入网网元，实现对媒体报文的差异化传输，缩短终端播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间，提高用户观看体验。
下面结合说明书附图对本申请实施例的实施方式进行详细描述。
本申请实施例提供的媒体报文的传输方法可用于任一通信系统，该通信系统可以为第三代合作伙伴计划(third generation partnership project，3GPP)通信系统，例如，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统，又可以为第五代(fifth generation，5G)移动通信系统、新空口(new radio，NR)系统、NR V2X系统以及其他下一代通信系统，也可以为非3GPP通信系统，不予限制。本申请实施例提供的媒体报文的传输方法可以应用于各种通信场景，例如可以应用于以下通信场景中的一种或多种：增强移动宽带(enhanced mobile broadband， eMBB)、超可靠低时延通信(ultra reliable low latency communication，URLLC)、机器类型通信(machine type communication，MTC)、大规模机器类型通信(massive machine type communications，mMTC)、设备到设备(device to device，D2D)、车辆外联(vehicle to everything，V2X)、车辆到车辆(vehicle to vehicle，V2V)、和物联网(internet of things，IoT)等。下面以图1a为例，对本申请实施例提供的媒体报文的传输方法进行描述。
图1a为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的示意图，如图1a所示，该通信系统可以包括至少一个用户设备、接入网网元、移动性管理网元、会话管理网元、策略控制网元、用户面网元、应用功能网元和数据网络(data network，DN)。
其中，图1a中用户设备可以位于接入网网元的小区覆盖范围内。其中，用户设备可以通过上行链路(uplink，UL)与接入网网元进行空口通信，在UL方向上，用户设备向接入网网元发送数据，接入网网元将接收到的数据转发给核心网网元，由核心网网元对该数据进行处理，并将处理后的数据通过N6接口发送给应用服务器；在DL方向上，应用服务器向核心网网元发送下行数据，由核心网网元对该数据处理，并将处理后的数据通过N3接口发送给接入网网元，接入网网元对该数据进行处理后，通过空口发送至用户设备。如：用户设备在UL方向上通过上行链路物理层共享信道(physical sidelink share channel，PUSCH)向接入网网元发送上行数据，接入网网元将接收到的上行数据转发给核心网网元，核心网网元对该上行数据进行处理，将处理后的上行数据通过N6接口发送给应用服务器；其中，转发用户设备至核心网网元的上行数据的接入网网元与转发核心网网元至用户设备的下行数据的接入网网元可以是同一个接入网网元，也可以是不同的接入网网元。
用户设备也可以通过特定接口与核心网网元进行通信，如：用户设备可以通过N1接口与核心网网元中的接入和移动性管理网元进行通信。
用户设备在接入网络后可以建立协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)会话，通过PDU会话访问外部数据网络DN，与部署在DN中的应用服务器进行交互，如图1a所示，根据用户访问的DN不同，网络可以根据网络策略选择接入DN的用户面网元作为PDU会话的锚点，即协议数据单元锚点(PDU session anchor，PSA)，通过PSA的N6接口访问应用服务器，同一个应用的应用服务器可以部署在多个位置，网络可以根据用户设备的接入位置，选择靠近用户设备同时又能支持用户设备访问DN的PSA，以减少路由迂回，降低网络延迟。
其中，图1a中的用户设备(user equipment，UE)可以称为终端(terminal)或者移动台(mobile station，MS)或者移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)等。具体的，图1a中的用户设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑或带无线收发功能的电脑。用户设备还可以是虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端、工业控制中的无线终端、无人驾驶中的无线终端、远程医疗中的无线终端、智能电网中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、车载终端、具有车对车(vehicle-to-vehicle，V2V)通信能力的车辆、智能网联车、有无人机对无人机(UAV to UAV，U2U)通信能力的无人机等等，不予限制。
图1a中的接入网网元可以是任意一种具有无线收发功能的设备，主要用于实现无线物理控制功能、资源调度和无线资源管理、无线接入控制以及移动性管理等功能。具体的，接入网网元可以为支持有线接入的设备，也可以为支持无线接入的设备。示例性的，该接 入网网元可以为接入网(access network，AN)/无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)设备，由多个5G-AN/5G-RAN节点组成。5G-AN/5G-RAN节点可以为：接入点(access point，AP)、基站(nodeB，NB)、增强型基站(enhance nodeB，eNB)、下一代基站(NR nodeB，gNB)、传输接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、传输点(transmission point，TP)或某种其它接入节点等。
图1a中的移动性管理网元，主要负责用户设备的接入认证、移动性管理、各个功能网元间的信令交互等工作，如：对用户的注册状态、用户的连接状态、用户注册入网、跟踪区更新、小区切换用户认证和密钥安全等进行管理。
图1a中的会话管理网元，可以称为会话管理功能或者多播/组播业务管理功能(multicast/broadcast-service management function，MB-SMF)或者多播会话管理网元等，不予限制。会话管理网元主要用于实现用户面传输逻辑通道，如：分组数据单元(packet data unit，PDU)会话的建立、释放和更改等会话管理功能。
图1a中的策略控制网元，可以用于向移动性管理网元、会话管理网元提供策略，如：服务质量(quality of service)策略等等。
图1a中的用户面网元，可以称为PDU会话锚点(PSF)、用户面功能或者多播/组播用户面功能(multicast/broadcast user plane fuction，MB-UPF)。用户面网元可以作为用户面传输逻辑通道上的锚点，主要用于完成用户面数据的路由转发等功能，如：与终端之间建立通道(即用户面传输逻辑通道)，在该通道上转发终端和DN之间的数据包以及负责对终端的数据报文过滤、数据转发、速率控制、生成计费信息等。多播/组播(multicast/broadcast，MB)业务控制器(MB service controller)，具有群组管理、安全管理以及业务公告等业务管理功能。
图1a中的应用功能网元，主要是提供应用服务器和核心网中的网元交互的中间功能实体，应用服务器可以通过它实现对网络服务质量和计费的动态控制、保障SLA需求、获取核心网中某个网元的运行信息等。在本申请实施例中，应用功能网元可以为运营商部署的功能实体，也可以为服务提供商部署的功能实体，该服务提供商可以为第三方服务提供商，还可以为运营商内部的服务提供商，不予限制。应用功能网元和应用服务器可以合一部署，也可以单独部署，应用功能网元和应用服务器的具体部署方式，本申请不予限制。
图1a中的数据网络DN，可以为向用户提供数据传输服务的运营商网络，如：可以为向用户提供IP多媒体业务(IP multi-media service，IMS)的运营商网络等。DN中可以部署有应用服务器(application server，AS)，该应用服务器可以向用户提供数据传输服务。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例的终端、接入网网元以及核心网网元都可以为一个或多个芯片，也可以为片上系统(system on chip，SOC)等。图1a仅为示例性附图，其包括的设备数量不受限制。此外，除图1a所示设备之外，该通信系统还可以包括其他设备。图1a中各个设备的名称、各个链路的命名不受限制，除图1a所示名称之外，各个设备、各个链路还可以命名为其他名称。除图1a所示网元外，图1a所示网络还可以包括网络切片选择网元、网络仓库网元、认证服务网元、网络存储网元、网络数据分析网元、网络开放网元等，不予限制。
具体的，图1a所示通信系统可以为第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)中的通信系统，例如，可以为长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)通信 系统，或者，第四代(4th generation，4G)通信系统、或者，第五代(5th generation，5G)通信系统或者新空口(new radio，NR)通信系统，也可以是非3GPP通信系统，不予限制。
以图1a所示的通信系统为5G通信系统为例，如图1b所示，上述接入网网元对应的网元或者实体可以为5G通信系统中的无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)、移动性管理网元对应的网元或者实体可以为5G通信系统中的接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)、会话管理网元所对应的网元或者实体可以为5G通信系统中的会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)、策略控制网元可以为5G通信系统中的策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)、用户面网元所对应的网元或者实体可以为5G通信系统中的用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)、应用功能网元对应的网元或者实体可以为5G通信系统中的应用功能(application function，AF)、网络切片选择网元对应的网元或实体可以为5G通信系统中的网络切片选择功能(network slice selection function，NSSF)、网络仓库网元对应的网元或实体可以为5G通信系统中的网络仓库功能(network repository function，NRF)、鉴权服务网元对应的网元或实体可以为5G通信系统中的鉴权服务功能(authentication server function，AUSF)、网络存储网元对应的网元或者实体可以为5G通信系统中的NRF或者统一数据仓库(unified data repository，UDR)或者统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)、网络数据分析网元对应的网元或者实体可以为5G通信系统中的网络数据分析功能(network data analytics function，NWDAF)、网络开放网元对应的网元或者实体可以为5G通信系统中的网络开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)、业务控制网元对应的网元或实体可以为5G通信系统中的业务控制点(service control point，SCP)等。
其中，如图1b所示，终端通过下一代网络(next generation，N)1接口(简称N1)与AMF通信，RAN设备通过N2接口(简称N2)与AMF通信，RAN设备通过N3接口(简称N3)与UPF通信，UPF通过N6接口与DN中的应用服务器通信。核心网网元之间可以通过服务化接口相互通信，如：AMF可以通过Namf接口与其他核心网网元通信，SMF可以通过Nsmf接口与其他核心网网元通信，PCF可以通过Npcf接口与其他核心网网元通信，NSSF可以通过Nnssf接口与其他核心网网元通信，NEF可以通过Nnef接口与其他核心网网元通信，NRF可以通过Nnrf接口与其他核心网网元通信，UDM可以通过Nudr接口与其他核心网网元通信，NWDAF可以通过Nnwdaf接口与其他核心网网元通信，AUSF可以通过Nausf接口与其他核心网网元通信。
具体实现时，图1a所示，如：各个终端、接入网网元和核心网网元均可以采用图2所示的组成结构，或者包括图2所示的部件。图2为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置200的组成示意图，该通信装置200可以为终端或者终端中的芯片或者片上系统；也可以为接入网网元或者接入网网元中的芯片或者片上系统；也可以为核心网网元或者核心网网元中的芯片或者片上系统。如图2所示，该通信装置200包括处理器201，收发器202以及通信线路203。
进一步的，该通信装置200还可以包括存储器204。其中，处理器201，存储器204以及收发器202之间可以通过通信线路203连接。
其中，处理器201是中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、通用处理器网络处理器(network processor，NP)、数字信号处理器(digital signal processing，DSP)、微处 理器、微控制器、可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或它们的任意组合。处理器201还可以是其它具有处理功能的装置，例如电路、器件或软件模块，不予限制。
收发器202，用于与其他设备或其它通信网络进行通信。该其它通信网络可以为以太网，无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等。收发器202可以是模块、电路、收发器或者任何能够实现通信的装置。
通信线路203，用于在通信装置200所包括的各部件之间传送信息。
存储器204，用于存储指令。其中，指令可以是计算机程序。
其中，存储器204可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和/或指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，也可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或可存储信息和/或指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，还可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或其他磁存储设备等，不予限制。
需要指出的是，存储器204可以独立于处理器201存在，也可以和处理器201集成在一起。存储器204可以用于存储指令或者程序代码或者一些数据等。存储器204可以位于通信装置200内，也可以位于通信装置200外，不予限制。处理器201，用于执行存储器204中存储的指令，以实现本申请下述实施例提供的媒体报文的传输方法。
在一种示例中，处理器201可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图2中的CPU0和CPU1。
作为一种可选的实现方式，通信装置200包括多个处理器，例如，除图2中的处理器201之外，还可以包括处理器207。
作为一种可选的实现方式，通信装置200还包括输出设备205和输入设备206。示例性地，输入设备206是键盘、鼠标、麦克风或操作杆等设备，输出设备205是显示屏、扬声器(speaker)等设备。
需要指出的是，通信装置200可以是台式机、便携式电脑、网络服务器、移动手机、平板电脑、无线终端、嵌入式设备、芯片系统或有图2中类似结构的设备。此外，图3中示出的组成结构并不构成对该通信装置的限定，除图2所示部件之外，该通信装置可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。
本申请实施例中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。
此外，本申请的各实施例之间涉及的动作、术语等均可以相互参考，不予限制。本申请的实施例中各个设备之间交互的消息名称或消息中的参数名称等只是一个示例，具体实现中也可以采用其他的名称，不予限制。
下面结合图1a所示通信系统，对本申请实施例提供的媒体报文的传输方法进行描述，其中，用户面网元可以为通信系统中的任一用户面网元，应用服务器可以是通信系统中的任一应用服务器，接入网网元可以为通信系统中的任一接入网网元，下述实施例所述的用户面网元、应用服务器、接入网网元、会话管理网元、策略控制网元、终端可以具备图2所示部件。
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种媒体报文的传输方法的流程图，如图3所示，该方法可以包括：
步骤301、用户面网元向应用服务器发送媒体报文请求。相应的，应用服务器接收媒 体报文请求。
其中，用户面网元可以为终端建立的PDU会话对应的用户面网元，可以为终端建立的PDU会话的锚点，终端可以为图1a所示系统中任一终端。终端可以通过PDU会话将发往应用服务器的媒体报文请求发送给用户面网元，由用户面网元发送给应用服务器。应用服务器接收到媒体报文请求后，根据媒体报文请求确定媒体报文，并将确定的媒体报文发送给用户面网元，以使用户面网元通过PDU会话将接收到的媒体报文发送给终端。需要说明的是，在执行本申请实施例之前，终端已参照现有技术建立PDU会话，不予赘述。
其中，媒体报文请求用于请求获取媒体报文。
一种可能的设计，媒体报文请求包括媒体报文的标识信息，媒体报文的标识信息可以为媒体报文的索引号或其他用于标识媒体报文的信息。以使应用服务器根据媒体报文的标识信息确定媒体报文请求对应的媒体报文。
示例性的，以超文本传输协议动态自适应流媒体(dynamic adaptive streaming over hypertext transfer protocol，DASH)协议为例，终端可以采用下述方式与应用服务器进行交互：终端在请求媒体报文时，可以从应用服务器获取媒体描述文件(media presentation description，MPD)。其中，MPD可以包含一个或多个时间连续且不重叠的媒体时间段(period)，每个时间段可以包含一段媒体内容的一个或多个自适应集合(adaption set)。时间段还可以包含起始时间、持续时间。自适应集合可以由一组可供切换的不同码率的码流(representation)组成。每个码流描述了媒体内容的多个属性，包括带宽、分辨率、码率等。具体的，码流可以包括一个或多个分片(segment)。每个分片就是实际的媒体内容的分片文件，终端可以通过媒体报文请求(hypertext transfer protocol get，HTTP GET)获取相应的分片对应的媒体内容。媒体报文请求中可以包括媒体分片的统一资源定位符(uniform resource locator，URL)、带宽、分辨率、码率、时间段等信息。即媒体报文的标识信息可以为时间段、或起始时间、或URL等，不予限制。
又一种可能的设计，媒体报文请求包括实时流协议(real time streaming protocol，RTSP)请求，应用服务器根据RTSP请求确定媒体报文请求对应的媒体报文。
具体的，终端和应用服务器之间可以建立和协商RTSP会话，通过RTSP会话进行媒体报文的传输，从而实现媒体报文的实时受控和点播。RTSP会话本身不传输媒体报文，媒体报文的传输依赖于下层传输协议(如：实时传输协议(realtime transport protocol，RTP)、实时传输控制协议(realtime transport control protocol，RTCP))所提供的服务。
在媒体报文的传输过程中，终端可以根据用户不同的客户端操作，向应用服务器发送不同的RTSP请求。其中，客户端操作可以为用户在终端上的视频播放软件上的操作，客户端操作可以包括以下至少一种：初始播放、跳转、正常播放、暂停。
示例性的，如果客户端操作为初始播放，终端可以向应用服务器发送包括初始播放请求的RTSP请求。可选的，该初始播放请求可以包括媒体报文对应的时间范围，应用服务器根据该时间范围，传输该时间范围对应的媒体报文。其中，初始播放可以为终端首次向应用服务器请求某一视频对应的媒体报文，或者，换句话说，初始播放可以认为是应用服务器首次向终端传输某一视频对应的媒体报文。需要说明的是，上述时间范围还可以替换成起始时间或持续时间等描述，不予限制。
例如，初始播放请求中可以包括时间范围00:00～45:20，应用服务器可以从00:00对应 的媒体报文开始传输，直至传输完45:20对应的媒体报文。
如果用户的客户端操作为跳转，终端可以向应用服务器发送包括跳转请求的RTSP请求。可选的，该跳转请求可以包括需跳转的媒体报文对应的时间，应用服务器根据该时间，从该时间对应的媒体报文开始传输，直至传输结束。需要说明的是，上述时间还可以替换成起始时间或持续时间等描述，不予限制。
例如，以某一视频的时长为45分20秒为例，假设应用服务器正在传输08分20秒对应的媒体报文时，接收到跳转请求，该跳转请求对应的时间为20分40秒，则应用服务器根据该跳转请求，开始向终端传输20分40秒至45分20秒对应的媒体报文。
如果用户的客户端操作为正常播放，终端可以向应用服务器发送包括正常播放请求的RTSP请求。可选的，该正常播放请求可以包括媒体报文对应的时间范围，应用服务器根据该时间范围，传输该时间范围对应的媒体报文。需要说明的是，上述时间范围还可以替换成起始时间或持续时间等描述，不予限制。
例如，以某一视频的时长为45分20秒为例，假设应用服务器正在传输08分20秒对应的媒体报文时，接收到正常播放请求，该正常播放请求对应的时间范围为08分21秒至20分50秒，则应用服务器根据该正常播放请求，向终端传输08分21秒至20分50秒对应的媒体报文，应用服务器在传输20分50秒对应的媒体报文时，接收到时间范围为20分51秒至45分20秒的正常播放请求，向终端传输20分51秒至45分20秒对应的媒体报文。
如果客户端操作为暂停，终端可以向应用服务器发送包括暂停请求的RTSP请求，用于告知应用服务器暂时停止传输媒体报文。应用服务器可以在接收到上述正常播放请求或跳转请求后，继续向终端传输媒体报文。或者应用服务器接收到终止请求，终止对媒体报文的传输，并释放与媒体报文相关的资源。
进一步的，用户面网元接收到媒体报文请求后，可以对媒体报文请求进行识别，得到媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作。
可选的，当媒体报文请求包括媒体报文的标识信息时，用户面网元可以根据媒体报文的标识信息确定媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作。
以媒体报文请求包括媒体报文的索引号为例，如果媒体报文的索引号为初始值，则可以认为媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作为初始播放；如果媒体报文的索引号发生突变，则可以认为媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作为跳转；如果媒体报文的索引号连续变化，则可以认为媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作为正常播放；如果媒体报文的索引号不变，则可以认为媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作为暂停。其中，索引号具体可以是上述DASH协议中所描述的时间段。
可替换的，当媒体报文请求包括RTSP请求时，用户面网元根据RTSP请求确定媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作。
步骤302、应用服务器向用户面网元发送媒体报文。相应的，用户面网元接收媒体报文。
其中，应用服务器可以根据接收到的媒体报文请求，确定媒体报文请求对应的媒体报文，并将媒体报文发送给用户面网元。
进一步的，应用服务器可以对媒体报文请求进行识别，得到媒体报文对应的客户端操 作，根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息，并将该关联信息携带在媒体报文中发送给用户面网元。其中，关联信息为与媒体报文对应的客户端操作关联的信息。
其中，应用服务器可以采用上述步骤301中用户面网元根据媒体报文请求确定媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作的方法，确定接收到的媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作，将媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作确定为媒体报文请求对应的媒体报文所对应的客户端操作。
可选的，应用服务器根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作，确定用于指示媒体报文对应的客户端操作的第一指示信息，将第一指示信息作为关联信息，携带在媒体报文中发送给用户面网元。
可选的，应用服务器根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作，确定用于指示客户端操作对应的优先级的第二指示信息，将第二指示信息作为关联信息，携带在媒体报文中发送给用户面网元。
进一步的，应用服务器通过应用功能网元和策略控制网元接收会话管理网元发送的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的优先级，根据客户端操作对应的优先级，确定第二指示信息。
可选的，应用服务器根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作，确定用于指示客户端操作对应的QoS参数的第四指示信息，将第四指示信息作为关联信息，携带在媒体报文中发送给用户面网元。
进一步的，应用服务器通过应用功能网元和策略控制网元接收会话管理网元发送的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的QoS参数，根据客户端操作对对应的QoS参数，确定第四指示信息。
进一步的，应用服务器可以在应用层、传输层或网络层为媒体报文设置上述关联信息，以指示该媒体报文对应的客户端操作。即媒体报文的应用层、传输层或网络层的报文头中包含上述关联信息。
其中，应用服务器可以根据应用层协议为媒体报文设置关联信息，应用层协议可以为超文本传输安全协议(hypertext transfer protocol secure，HTTPS)或实时流传输协议(real time streaming protocol，RTSP)等，不予限制。或者，应用服务器可以根据传输层协议为媒体报文设置关联信息，传输层协议可以为传输控制协议(transmission control protocol，TCP)或多路径TCP协议(multi-path TCP，MPTCP)等，当用户面网元与应用服务器之间采用隧道协议传输报文时，传输层协议还可以是对应的隧道协议，不予限制。或者，应用服务器可以根据网络层协议为媒体报文设置关联信息，网络层协议可以是网络之间互连的协议(internet protocol，IP)等，不予限制。
需要说明的是，上述为媒体报文在应用层、传输层或网络层设置关联信息的过程可参照现有技术中在应用层、传输层或网络层设置指示信息的过程，不予赘述。
可替换的，应用服务器将媒体报文和对应的关联信息携带在一个消息中发送给用户面网元，或者，应用服务器将媒体报文和媒体报文对应的关联信息分别发送给用户面网元。
步骤303、用户面网元根据媒体报文，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息。
其中，用户面网元可以采用下述方式一至方式三中的任意一种确定媒体报文对应的关联信息：
方式一：当媒体报文携带有关联信息时，用户面网元对媒体报文进行识别，得到关联信息。
可选的，用户面网元对媒体报文进行应用层识别，得到关联信息。
可选的，用户面网元对媒体报文进行传输层识别，得到关联信息。
可选的，用户面网元对媒体报文进行网络层识别，得到关联信息。
其中，关联信息包括上述第一指示信息、第二指示信息或者第四指示信息。
方式二：用户面网元接收应用服务器发送的媒体报文的关联信息。
方式三：用户面网元根据媒体报文对应的媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作，确定关联信息。
具体的，用户面网元可以对媒体报文请求进行识别，得到媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作，在接收到媒体报文请求对应的媒体报文后，将媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作确定为媒体报文对应的客户端操作。
类似的，用户面网元也可以采用上述步骤302中应用服务器确定客户端操作对应的关联信息的方式，确定接收到的媒体报文对应的客户端操作对应的关联信息，不予赘述。
进一步的，用户面网元接收会话管理网元发送的第三指示信息，根据第三指示信息，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息；其中，第三指示信息用于指示用户面网元接收到媒体报文后，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息。
其中，第三指示信息用于指示用户面网元接收到媒体报文后，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息具体可以包括：指示采用上述方式一或者方式二或者方式三确定媒体报文对应的关联信息。
步骤304、用户面网元根据关联信息，确定关联信息对应的QoS流。
本申请实施例中，为了满足媒体业务的QoS需求，可以将关联信息与支持传输与关联信息对应的媒体报文的QoS流对应起来，通过该QoS流传输该媒体报文。其中，QoS流可以为终端建立的PDU会话对应的一个或者多个QoS流，QoS流可以用于终端与用户面网元之间传输媒体报文，该QoS流的QoS参数满足其上传输的媒体报文的QoS需求。示例性的，会话管理网元可以在为终端建立该PDU会话时，建立与关联信息对应的QoS流；或者，会话管理网元为终端建立PDU会话之后，修改该PDU会话，包括修改或增加PDU会话的QoS流，使修改或增加后的QoS流与关联信息对应，满足与关联信息对应的媒体业务的传输需求等QoS需求。具体的，会话管理网元确定关联信息对应的QoS流的过程可参照图4所示方法。
其中，关联信息与QoS流的对应方式可以采用一对一的对应方式，也可以采用多对一的对应方式，不予限制。需要说明的是，关联信息与QoS流之间的对应关系还可以替换描述为关联信息与QoS流的标识之间的对应关系，QoS流的标识可以为服务质量流的身份标识(quality of service flow identity，QFI)、分配保留优先级(allocation retention priority，ARP)或第五代移动通信技术服务质量标识(fifth-generation mobile networks quality of service identifier，5QI)等，不予限制。
其中，多对一的对应方式可以是一部分关联信息对应一个QoS流，另一部分关联信息对应另一个QoS流。多对一的对应方式也可以是所有关联信息对应同一个QoS流。
当关联信息为第一指示信息时，即关联信息为客户端操作，以关联信息包括初始播放、 跳转、正常播放或暂停为例，初始播放可以对应QoS流1、跳转对应QoS流2、正常播放对应QoS流3、暂停对应QoS流4。或者初始播放和跳转对应QoS流1、正常播放或暂停对应QoS流2。
当关联信息为第二指示信息时，即关联信息为客户端操作对应的优先级，客户端操作与优先级的对应关系可以是一对一的对应关系，也可以是多对一的对应关系。
当客户端操作与优先级的对应关系为一对一时，以初始播放的优先级为高、跳转的优先级为较高，正常播放的优先级为中，暂停的优先级为低为例，初始播放可以对应QoS流1、跳转对应QoS流2、正常播放对应QoS流3、暂停对应QoS流4。或者初始播放和跳转对应QoS流1、正常播放或暂停对应QoS流2。或者初始播放、跳转、正常播放和暂停均对应QoS流1。
当客户端操作与优先级的对应关系为多对一时，以初始播放的优先级为高、跳转的优先级为中，正常播放和暂停的优先级为低为例，初始播放可以对应QoS流1、跳转对应QoS流2、正常播放和暂停对应QoS流3。或者初始播放和跳转可以对应QoS流1、正常播放和暂停对应QoS流2。或者初始播放、跳转、正常播放和暂停均对应QoS流1。
当关联信息为第四指示信息时，即关联信息为客户端操作对应的QoS参数，客户端操作与QoS参数的对应关系可以是一对一的对应关系，也可以是多对一的对应关系，不同的QoS参数对应不同的QoS流。
其中，关联信息与QoS流之间的对应关系可以以数组形式表示，也可以以表格形式表示或者以其他形式表示，不予限制。以关联信息为第一指示信息为例，假设关联信息包括初始播放、跳转、正常播放或暂停，初始播放可以对应QoS流1、跳转对应QoS流2、正常播放对应QoS流3、暂停对应QoS流4，以关联信息与QoS流之间的对应关系以数组形式表示为例，关联信息与QoS流之间的对应关系包括：(初始播放，QoS流1)、(跳转，QoS流2)、(正常播放，QoS流3)、(暂停，QoS流4)。以关联信息与QoS流之间的对应关系以表格形式表示为例，关联信息与QoS流之间的对应关系可以如下表一所示：
表一
初始播放 QoS流1
跳转 QoS流2
正常播放 QoS流3
暂停 QoS流4
具体的，用户面网元可以采用下述方式一至方式三中的任意一种确定关联信息对应的QoS流。
方式一：根据第一指示信息以及第一对应关系，确定客户端操作对应的QoS流。
其中，第一对应关系为客户端操作与QoS流的对应关系。
可选的，当不同的关联信息对应不同的QoS流指媒体报文对应的关联信息与QoS流一一对应时，以关联信息包括初始播放、跳转、正常播放或暂停，初始播放对应的QoS流为QFI1、跳转对应的QoS流为QFI2、正常播放对应的QoS流为QFI3、暂停对应的QoS流为QFI4为例，对上述关联信息进行详细描述。可以将初始播放对应的QFI1的传输优先级设置为高，将跳转对应的QFI2的传输优先级设置为较高，将正常播放对应的QFI3的传 输优先级设置为中，将暂停对应的QFI4的传输优先级设置为低。这样，用户面网元在接收到媒体报文并进行关联信息识别后，可以通过QFI1对应的QoS流将关联信息为初始播放的媒体报文发送给接入网网元，通过QFI2对应的QoS流将关联信息为跳转的媒体报文发送给接入网网元，通过QFI3对应的QoS流将关联信息为正常播放的媒体报文发送给接入网网元，通过QFI4对应的QoS流将关联信息为暂停的媒体报文发送给接入网网元。
例如，以用户面网元依次接收到携带有第一指示信息为初始播放的媒体报文1、携带有第一指示信息为暂停的媒体报文2、携带有第一指示信息为跳转的媒体报文3为例，用户面网元可以根据媒体报文对应的QoS流对媒体报文进行传输，而不用根据媒体报文的接收顺序对媒体报文进行传输。由于媒体报文1对应的QFI1的传输优先级为高，媒体报文2对应的QFI4的传输优先级为低，媒体报文3对应的QFI2的传输优先级为较高，用户面网元可以优先传输媒体报文1，然后传输媒体报文3，最后传输媒体报文2。
可选的，当不同的关联信息对应不同的QoS流指一部分关联信息对应一个QoS流，另一部分关联信息对应另一个QoS流时，以关联信息包括初始播放、跳转、正常播放或暂停，初始播放和跳转对应的QoS流为QFI1、正常播放和暂停对应的QoS流为QFI2为例，对上述关联信息进行详细描述。可以将初始播放和跳转对应的QFI1的传输优先级设置为高，将跳转和正常播放对应的QFI2的传输优先级设置为低。这样，用户面网元在接收到媒体报文并进行关联信息识别后，可以通过QFI1对应的QoS流将关联信息为初始播放或跳转的媒体报文发送给接入网网元，通过QFI2对应的QoS流将关联信息为正常播放或暂停的媒体报文发送给接入网网元。
例如，以用户面网元依次接收到携带有第一指示信息为暂停的媒体报文1、携带有第一指示信息为初始播放的媒体报文2为例，用户面网元可以根据媒体报文对应的QoS流对媒体报文进行传输，而不用根据媒体报文的接收顺序对媒体报文进行传输。由于媒体报文1对应的QFI2的传输优先级为低，媒体报文2对应的QFI1的传输优先级为高，用户面网元可以优先传输媒体报文2，然后传输媒体报文1。
需要说明的是，当用户面网元接收到多个携带有同一第一指示信息的媒体报文时，如用户面网元依次接收到携带有第一指示信息为初始播放的媒体报文11、携带有第一指示信息为初始播放的媒体报文12、携带有第一指示信息为初始播放的媒体报文13时，用户面网元可以按照媒体报文的接收顺序对媒体报文进行传输，即用户面网元按照接收顺序依次传输媒体报文11、媒体报文12、媒体报文13。
其中，由于不同的QoS流对应不同的QoS参数，如传输优先级、带宽、时延等，用户面网元可以在接收到媒体报文后，对媒体报文进行识别，得到关联信息，将媒体报文通过关联信息对应的QoS流发送给接入网网元，可以实现对媒体报文的差异化传输。
进一步的，用户面网元接收来自会话管理网元的第一对应关系。
方式二：根据第二指示信息以及第二对应关系，确定优先级对应的QoS流。
其中，第二对应关系为客户端操作对应的优先级与QoS流的对应关系。
可选的，当不同的关联信息对应不同的QoS流指媒体报文对应的关联信息与QoS流一一对应时，以关联信息包括初始播放、跳转、正常播放或暂停，初始播放对应的优先级为高，跳转对应的优先级为较高、正常播放对应的优先级为中、暂停对应的优先级为低为例，对上述关联信息进行详细描述。可以将高优先级对应QFI1、较高优先级对应QFI2、 中优先级对应QFI3、低优先级对应QFI4。这样，用户面网元在接收到媒体报文并进行关联信息识别后，可以通过QFI1对应的QoS流将关联信息为高优先级的媒体报文发送给接入网网元，通过QFI2对应的QoS流将关联信息为较高优先级的媒体报文发送给接入网网元，通过QFI3对应的QoS流将关联信息为中优先级的媒体报文发送给接入网网元，通过QFI4对应的QoS流将关联信息为低优先级的媒体报文发送给接入网网元。
例如，以用户面网元依次接收到携带有第二指示信息为较高优先级的媒体报文1、携带有第二指示信息为高优先级的媒体报文2、携带有第二指示信息为低优先级的媒体报文3为例，用户面网元可以根据媒体报文对应的QoS流对媒体报文进行传输，而不用根据媒体报文的接收顺序对媒体报文进行传输。用户面网元可以优先传输媒体报文2，然后传输媒体报文1，最后传输媒体报文3。
可选的，当不同的关联信息对应不同的QoS流指一部分关联信息对应一个QoS流，另一部分关联信息对应另一个QoS流时，以关联信息包括初始播放、跳转、正常播放或暂停，初始播放对应的优先级为高、跳转对应的优先级为较高、正常播放和暂停对应的优先级为低为例，对上述关联信息进行详细描述。可以将高优先级和较高优先级对应QFI1，将中优先级和低优先级对应QFI2。这样，用户面网元在接收到媒体报文并进行关联信息识别后，可以通过QFI1对应的QoS流将关联信息为高优先级或较高优先级的媒体报文发送给接入网网元，通过QFI2对应的QoS流将关联信息为中优先级或低优先级的媒体报文发送给接入网网元。
例如，以用户面网元依次接收到携带有第二指示信息为较高优先级的媒体报文1、携带有第二指示信息为高优先级的媒体报文2、携带有第二指示信息为低优先级的媒体报文3为例，用户面网元可以根据媒体报文对应的QoS流对媒体报文进行传输，而不用根据媒体报文的接收顺序对媒体报文进行传输。用户面网元可以优先传输媒体报文2，然后传输媒体报文1，最后传输媒体报文3。
需要说明的是，上述举例中，当用户面网元通过同一个QoS传输不同优先级的媒体报文时，可以按照媒体报文对应的优先级对媒体报文进行传输。例如，当用户面网元接收到携带有第二指示信息为较高优先级的媒体报文1、携带有第二指示信息为高优先级的媒体报文2时，可以优先传输媒体报文1，然后传输媒体报文2。
可选的，当不同的关联信息对应相同的QoS流时，用户面网元可以根据媒体报文对应的优先级对媒体报文进行传输。
需要说明的是，当用户面网元接收到多个携带有同一第二指示信息的媒体报文时，如用户面网元依次接收到携带有第二指示信息为高优先级的媒体报文11、携带有第二指示信息为高优先级的媒体报文12、携带有第二指示信息为高优先级的媒体报文13时，用户面网元可以按照媒体报文的接收顺序对媒体报文进行传输，即用户面网元按照接收顺序依次传输媒体报文11、媒体报文12、媒体报文13。
其中，由于不同的QoS流对应不同的QoS参数，如传输优先级、带宽、时延等，用户面网元可以在接收到媒体报文后，对媒体报文进行识别，得到关联信息，将媒体报文通过关联信息对应的QoS流发送给接入网网元，可以实现对媒体报文的差异化传输。
进一步的，用户面网元接收来自会话管理网元的第二对应关系。
方式三：根据第四指示信息，确定QoS流。
具体的，用户面网元根据第四指示信息指示的QoS参数，确定QoS参数对应的QoS流。
其中，由于不同的QoS流对应不同的QoS参数，如传输优先级、带宽、时延等，用户面网元可以在接收到媒体报文后，对媒体报文进行识别，得到关联信息，将媒体报文通过关联信息对应的QoS流发送给接入网网元，可以实现对媒体报文的差异化传输。
步骤305、用户面网元通过关联信息对应的QoS流将媒体报文发送给接入网网元。相应的，接入网网元接收媒体报文。
具体的，用户面网元可以采用上述步骤304所述方法对媒体报文进行差异化传输，不予赘述。
可选的，用户面网元在定时器有效期内，通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。也可以描述为，在有效时间内，用户面网元通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。
例如，以关联信息均对应同一个QoS流为例，用户面网元可以在定时器1的有效时间内使用一个QoS流传输媒体报文，在定时器2的有效时间内使用另一个QoS流传输媒体报文等，不予限制。
其中，用户面网元可以接收会话管理网元发送的定时器，或者通过会话管理网元接收策略控制网元发送的定时器，或者通过会话管理网元、策略控制网元接收应用功能网元发送的定时器，不予限制。
基于图3所示的方法，本申请实施例中，用户面网元可以根据接收到的应用服务器发送的媒体报文，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息；并通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。与现有技术中用户面网元按照应用服务器发送的媒体报文的先后顺序将媒体报文依次发送给各个终端相比，本申请实施例中用户面网元可以通过媒体报文对应的关联信息对应的QoS流，将媒体报文发送给接入网网元，例如，本申请实施例中，用户面网元可以优先传输客户端操作为初始播放的媒体报文，然后传输客户端操作为跳转的媒体报文，再传输客户端操作为正常播放的媒体报文，最后传输客户端操作为暂停的媒体报文，以实现对媒体报文的差异化传输，缩短客户端操作为初始播放和跳转的用户播放媒体报文时等待缓冲的时间，提高用户观看体验。
下面参照图4，对用户面网元获取上述第一对应关系或第二对应关系进行详细描述。
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种媒体报文的传输方法，该方法包括：
步骤401、会话管理网元向策略控制网元发送请求消息。相应的，策略控制网元接收请求消息。
其中，该请求消息可以用于请求获取媒体业务的策略信息，该请求消息可以包括会话标识。
一种可能的设计中，该请求消息可以为会话管理策略建立请求(SM policy establishment request)。例如，终端可以通过移动性管理网元向会话管理网元发送PDU会话建立请求，请求为终端建立PDU会话，会话管理网元接收到该PDU会话建立请求后，向策略控制网元发送SM policy establishment request。
又一种可能的设计中，该请求消息可以为会话管理策略修改请求(SM policy modification request)。例如，终端可以通过移动性管理网元向会话管理网元发送携带媒体 业务的标识信息的PDU会话修改请求，请求通过终端建立的PDU会话传输该媒体业务的媒体报文，会话管理网元接收到该PDU会话修改请求后，向策略控制网元发送SM policy modification request。
步骤402、策略控制网元向会话管理网元发送策略信息。相应的，会话管理网元接收策略信息。
其中，策略信息可以为策略与计费控制规则(policy and charging control rule，PCC规则)。该策略信息包括媒体业务对应的客户端操作、客户端操作对应的QoS参数、或客户端操作对应的优先级等。其中，媒体业务的标识信息用于表示媒体业务，具体可以是IP五元组，也可以是IP三元组，应用标识等。
一种可能的设计中，当请求消息为SM policy establishment request时，策略信息可以携带在会话管理策略建立响应(SM policy establishment response)。
又一种可能的设计中，当请求消息为SM policy modification request时，策略信息可以携带在会话管理策略修改响应(SM policy modification response)。
可选的，策略控制网元可以接收应用功能网元发送的媒体业务的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的QoS需求，根据客户端操作对应的QoS需求，确定客户端操作对应的QoS参数或者对应的优先级。
其中，不同的客户端操作可以对应不同的需求；或者一部分客户端操作可以对应一种QoS需求，另一部分客户端操作可以对应另一种QoS需求；或者所有客户端操作对应同一种QoS需求。
例如，以客户端操作包括初始播放、跳转、正常播放或暂停为例，初始播放可以对应QoS需求1、跳转可以对应QoS需求2、正常播放可以对应QoS需求3、暂停可以对应QoS需求4；或者初始播放和跳转可以对应QoS需求1、正常播放和暂停可以对应QoS需求2；或者初始播放、跳转、正常播放和暂停均对应QoS需求1。
示例性的，当初始播放对应QoS需求1、跳转对应QoS需求2、正常播放对应QoS需求3、暂停对应QoS需求4时，策略控制网元得到的客户端操作对应的QoS参数可以为：初始播放对应QoS参数1、跳转对应QoS参数2、正常播放对应QoS参数3。
进一步的，策略控制网元还可以根据客户端操作对应的QoS参数确定客户端操作对应的优先级。
可选的，策略控制网元预先配置有媒体业务的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的QoS参数。
步骤403a、会话管理网元根据策略信息包括的媒体业务的标识信息、媒体业务的客户端操作、客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定客户端操作对应的QoS流。
具体的，会话管理网元可以创建新的QoS流，也可以对已有的QoS流进行修改，得到客户端操作对应的QoS流，不予限制。也就是说，会话管理网元创建客户端操作对应的QoS流，当不同客户端操作对应不同的QoS流时，会话管理网元需要创建不同的QoS流。
例如，以客户端操作包括初始播放、跳转、正常播放或暂停为例，当初始播放对应QoS参数1、跳转对应QoS参数2、正常播放对应QoS参数3、暂停对应QoS参数4时，会话管理网元可以为初始播放确定QoS流1，为跳转确定QoS流2，为正常播放确定QoS流3，为暂停确定QoS流4，即客户端操作对应的QoS流可以为：初始播放对应QoS流1、跳转 对应QoS流2、正常播放对应QoS流3、暂停对应QoS流4。
步骤404a、会话管理网元向用户面网元发送第一对应关系。相应的，用户面网元接收第一对应关系。
其中，会话管理网元可以根据上述步骤403a确定第一对应关系，并将第一对应关系发送给用户面网元。第一对应关系为客户端操作与QoS流的对应关系。
可替换的，上述步骤403a和404a可以替换为下述步骤403b和404b。
步骤403b、会话管理网元根据策略信息包括的媒体业务的标识信息、媒体业务的客户端操作、客户端操作对应的优先级、客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定客户端操作对应的优先级对应的QoS流。
类似的，会话管理网元可以参照上述步骤403a的方式为客户端操作对应的优先级确定QoS流，不予赘述。
步骤404b、会话管理网元向用户面网元发送第二对应关系。相应的，用户面网元接收第二对应关系。
其中，会话管理网元可以根据上述步骤403b确定第二对应关系，并将第二对应关系发送给用户面网元。第二对应关系为客户端操作对应的优先级与QoS流的对应关系。
进一步的，会话管理网元向用户面网元发送第三指示信息，其中，第三指示信息用于指示用户面网元接收到媒体报文后，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息。
其中，关联信息可以为上述图3所述的第一指示信息、第二指示信息或第四指示信息。
可选的，会话管理网元还可以将客户端操作、客户端操作对应的QoS参数发送给用户面网元。
一种可能的设计中，会话管理网元向用户面网元发送N4配置信息，相应的，用户面网元接收N4配置信息。
其中，N4配置信息可以为N4会话建立(session establishment)请求消息或者N4会话修改(session modification)消息。N4配置信息可以包括客户端操作与QoS流之间的对应关系，或者客户端操作对应的优先级与QoS流之间的对应关系，或者客户端操作与QoS参数之间的对应关系，还可以包括一些现有信息，如媒体业务对应的处理策略、分组检测规则(packet detection rule，PDR)以及PDR关联的转发动作规则(forwarding action rule，FAR)、服务质量流(QoS流，QF)映射规则等其他信息，不予限制，这些信息的相关描述可参照现有技术，不予赘述。
需要说明的是，用户面网元可以根据上述步骤401至步骤404a，或者根据上述步骤401至步骤404b，获取媒体报文对应的客户端操作与QoS流的对应关系、或者客户端操作对应的优先级与QoS流的对应关系、或者客户端操作与QoS参数的对应关系。
进一步的，上述图4还可以包括下述步骤405至步骤409，应用服务器可以根据下述步骤405至步骤409获取媒体报文对应的客户端操作、或者客户端操作对应的优先级、或者客户端操作对应的QoS参数，便于应用服务器根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息，并将媒体报文对应的关联信息发送给用户面网元，以使用户面网元根据媒体报文对应的关联信息，实现对媒体报文的差异化传输。
步骤405、会话管理网元通过策略控制网元和应用功能网元向应用服务器发送对应关系。相应的，应用服务器接收对应关系。
其中，该对应关系可以为客户端操作与优先级的对应关系，也可以是客户端操作与QoS参数的对应关系。以使应用服务器可以根据接收到的对应关系确定媒体报文对应的关联信息。需要说明的是，该步骤405还可以描述为会话管理网元通过策略控制网元向应用功能网元发送对应关系。进一步的，应用功能网元将对应关系发送至应用服务器。
步骤406、应用服务器将媒体报文发送给用户面网元。
步骤407、用户面网元根据媒体报文，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息。
需要说明的是，该步骤可以参考步骤303的描述，此处不再赘述。
步骤408、用户面网元通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。相应的，接入网网元接收媒体报文。
步骤409、接入网网元将媒体报文发送给终端。相应的，终端接收到媒体报文。
具体的，上述步骤406至步骤408的具体实现方式可以参照上述图3所示的方法，不予赘述。
需要说明的是，上述图4所示方法可以发生在终端建立PDU会话之后，即在终端建立完PDU会话之后，执行上述步骤401-步骤409。上述图4所示方法也可以发生在终端建立PDU会话过程中，如图5所示，图5为本申请实施例提供的一种媒体报文的传输方法的流程图，该方法包括：
步骤501、终端通过接入网网元向移动性管理网元发送会话建立请求。相应的，移动性管理网元接收会话建立请求。
其中，会话建立请求用于请求建立终端对应的PDU会话。
可选的，终端还通过接入网网元向移动性管理网元发送会话标识，其中，会话标识用于标识会话。
可选的，会话建立请求和会话标识携带在非接入层消息(non access stratum message，NAS message)中发送给移动性管理网元。
步骤502、移动性管理网元向会话管理网元发送创建会话上下文请求消息。相应的，会话管理网元接收创建会话上下文请求消息。
其中，创建会话上下文请求消息可以包括终端标识、会话标识和会话建立请求。
步骤503、会话管理网元向策略控制网元发送策略创建请求。相应的，策略控制网元接收策略创建请求。
其中，策略创建请求可以包括终端标识和会话标识。
步骤504、策略控制网元向会话管理网元发送策略创建请求响应。相应的，会话管理网元接收策略创建请求响应。
其中，策略创建请求响应中包括媒体业务的标识信息，媒体业务的客户端操作、客户端操作对应的QoS参数或客户端操作对应的优先级等。其中，QoS参数可以为带宽、时延等。
步骤505、会话管理网元向用户面网元发送N4会话建立请求。相应的，用户面网元接收N4会话建立请求。
其中，N4会话建立请求包括第一对应关系或第二对应关系。
可选的，N4会话建立请求还包括第三指示信息。
步骤506、用户面网元向会话管理网元发送N4会话建立请求响应。相应的，会话管理 网元接收N4会话建立请求响应。
其中，N4会话建立请求响应包括用户面网元隧道信息。
步骤507、会话管理网元向移动性管理网元发送N1N2信息传送消息。相应的，移动性管理网元接收N1N2信息传送消息。
其中，N1N2信息传送消息包括会话标识、用户面网元隧道信息和会话建立接受信息；会话建立接受信息用于指示接受终端发送的会话建立请求。
步骤508、移动性管理网元向接入网网元发送N2会话请求。相应的，接入网网元接收N2会话请求。
其中，N2会话请求包括会话标识、用户面网元隧道信息和会话建立接受信息。
步骤509、接入网网元向终端发送无线连接建立请求。相应的，终端接收无线连接建立请求。
其中，无线连接建立请求包括会话建立接受信息。
步骤510、接入网网元通过移动性管理网元向会话管理网元发送接入网网元隧道信息。相应的，会话管理网元接收接入网网元隧道信息。
步骤511、会话管理网元向用户面网元发送N4会话修改请求。相应的，用户面网元接收N4会话修改请求。
其中，N4会话修改请求包括接入网网元隧道信息。
会话管理网元通过将接入网网元隧道信息发送给用户面网元，将用户面网元隧道信息发送给接入网网元，便于接入网网元与用户面网元建立连接，完成PDU会话建立流程。
上述主要从设备之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，各个设备为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对各个网元进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
在采用对应各个功能划分各个功能模块的情况下，图6示出了一种通信装置，通信装置60可以为用户面网元或者用户面网元中的芯片或者片上系统。该通信装置60可以用于执行上述实施例中涉及的用户面网元的功能。图6所示通信装置60包括：接收模块601，处理模块602，发送模块603。
接收模块601，用于接收来自应用服务器的媒体报文。
处理模块602，用于确定媒体报文对应的关联信息；其中，关联信息为与媒体报文对应的客户端操作关联的信息。
发送模块603，用于通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。
其中，该通信装置60的具体实现方式可参考图3至图5所述媒体报文的传输方法中用户面网元的行为功能。
一种可能的设计中，处理模块602，用于对携带关联信息的媒体报文进行识别，得到关联信息；或者接收模块601，用于接收来自应用服务器的关联信息；或者处理模块602，用于根据获取的用于向应用服务器请求媒体报文的媒体报文请求，确定媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作，根据媒体报文对应的媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作，确定关联信息。
一种可能的设计中，处理模块602，用于对媒体报文进行应用层识别，得到关联信息；或者对媒体报文进行传输层识别，得到关联信息；或者对媒体报文进行网络层识别，得到关联信息。
一种可能的设计中，媒体报文请求包括实时流协议RTSP请求，处理模块602，用于根据RTSP请求，确定媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作；或者媒体报文请求包括媒体报文的索引号，处理模块602，用于根据媒体报文的索引号，确定媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作。
一种可能的设计中，关联信息包括第一指示信息，其中，第一指示信息用于指示媒体报文对应的客户端操作；或者关联信息包括第二指示信息，其中，第二指示信息用于指示媒体报文对应的客户端操作对应的优先级。
一种可能的设计中，当关联信息包括第一指示信息时，处理模块602，用于根据第一指示信息指示的客户端操作以及第一对应关系，确定客户端操作对应的QoS流；其中，不同的客户端操作对应不同的QoS流；第一对应关系为客户端操作与QoS流的对应关系；发送模块603，用于通过客户端操作对应的QoS流，向接入网网元发送媒体报文。
一种可能的设计中，接收模块601，用于接收来自会话管理网元的第一对应关系。
一种可能的设计中，当关联信息包括第二指示信息时，当不同的优先级对应不同的QoS流时，发送模块603，用于根据第二指示信息指示的优先级以及第二对应关系，通过优先级对应的QoS流，将媒体报文发送给接入网网元；其中，第二对应关系为客户端操作对应的优先级与QoS流的对应关系；或者当不同的优先级对应相同的QoS流时，发送模块603，用于根据第二指示信息指示的优先级以及第二对应关系，通过QoS流将媒体报文按照优先级发送给接入网网元；其中，第二对应关系为客户端操作对应的优先级与QoS流的对应关系。
一种可能的设计中，接收模块601，用于接收来自会话管理网元的第二对应关系。
一种可能的设计中，接收模块601，用于接收来自会话管理网元的用于指示用户面网元接收到媒体报文后，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息的第三指示信息；处理模块602，用于根据第三指示信息和接收到的媒体报文，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息。
一种可能的设计中，发送模块603，用于在定时器有效期内，通过关联信息对应的QoS流向接入网网元发送媒体报文。
一种可能的设计中，接收模块601，用于接收来自会话管理网元的定时器。
一种可能的设计中，客户端操作包括以下至少一种：初始播放、跳转、正常播放、暂停。
作为又一种可实现方式，图6中的接收模块601、发送模块603可以由收发器代替，该收发器可以集成接收模块601、发送模块603的功能，处理模块602可以由处理器代替， 该处理器可以集成处理模块602的功能。进一步的，图6所示通信装置60还可以包括存储器。当接收模块601、发送模块603由收发器代替，处理模块602由处理器代替时，本申请实施例所涉及的通信装置60可以为图2所示通信装置。
在采用对应各个功能划分各个功能模块的情况下，图7示出了一种通信装置，通信装置70可以为会话管理网元或者会话管理网元中的芯片或者片上系统。该通信装置70可以用于执行上述实施例中涉及的会话管理网元的功能。图7所示通信装置70包括：发送模块701。
发送模块701，用于向用户面网元发送用于指示用户面网元接收到媒体报文后，确定媒体报文对应的关联信息的第三指示信息，以使用户面网元根据第三指示信息和接收到的媒体报文确定媒体报文对应的关联信息，通过关联信息对应的QoS流将媒体报文发送给接入网网元；关联信息为与媒体报文对应的客户端操作关联的信息。
其中，该通信装置70的具体实现方式可参考图3至图5所述媒体报文的传输方法中会话管理网元的行为功能。
一种可能的设计中，通信装置还包括接收模块702和处理模块703，其中，接收模块702，用于接收来自策略控制网元的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的QoS参数；处理模块703，用于根据客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定QoS参数对应的QoS流；发送模块701，还用于将客户端操作与QoS流的对应关系作为第一对应关系发送给用户面网元。
一种可能的设计中，接收模块702，用于接收来自策略控制网元的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的QoS参数；处理模块703，用于根据客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定QoS参数对应的QoS流；处理模块703，用于根据客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定客户端操作对应的优先级；发送模块701，用于将客户端操作对应的优先级与QoS流的对应关系作为第二对应关系发送给用户面网元。
一种可能的设计中，接收模块702，用于获取客户端操作、客户端操作对应的QoS参数；发送模块701，用于将客户端操作、客户端操作的对应的QoS参数发送给策略控制网元；或者接收模块702，用于获取客户端操作、客户端操作对应的QoS参数；处理模块703，用于根据客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定客户端操作对应的优先级；发送模块701，用于将客户端操作、客户端操作对应的优先级发送给策略控制网元。
作为又一种可实现方式，图7中的发送模块701、接收模块702可以由收发器代替，处理模块703可以由处理器代替，该收发器可以集成发送模块701、接收模块702的功能，该处理器可以集成处理模块703的功能。进一步的，图7所示通信装置70还可以包括存储器。当发送模块701、接收模块702由收发器代替，处理模块703由处理器代替时，本申请实施例所涉及的通信装置70可以为图2所示通信装置。
在采用对应各个功能划分各个功能模块的情况下，图8示出了一种通信装置，通信装置80可以为应用服务器或者应用服务器中的芯片或者片上系统。该通信装置80可以用于执行上述实施例中涉及的应用服务器的功能。图8所示通信装置80包括：接收模块801，发送模块802。
接收模块801，用于接收来自用户面网元的用于向应用服务器请求媒体报文的媒体报文请求。
发送模块802，用于向用户面网元发送媒体报文；以使用户面网元确定媒体报文对应 的关联信息，通过关联信息对应的QoS流将媒体报文发送给接入网网元；其中，关联信息为与媒体报文对应的客户端操作关联的信息。
其中，该通信装置80的具体实现方式可参考图3至图5所述媒体报文的传输方法中应用服务器的行为功能。
一种可能的设计中，通信装置还包括处理模块803，处理模块803，用于对媒体报文请求进行识别，得到媒体报文对应的客户端操作；处理模块803，还用于根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作，确定关联信息；发送模块802，还用于将关联信息携带在媒体报文中发送给用户面网元。
一种可能的设计中，处理模块803，还用于根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作，确定用于指示媒体报文对应的客户端操作的第一指示信息；将第一指示信息作为关联信息。
一种可能的设计中，处理模块803，还用于通过应用功能网元接收来自策略控制网元的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的优先级；应用服务器根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的优先级，确定用于指示媒体报文对应的客户端操作对应的优先级的第二指示信息；应用服务器将第二指示信息作为关联信息。
一种可能的设计中，接收模块801，还用于通过应用功能网元接收来自策略控制网元的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的QoS参数；处理模块803，还用于根据媒体报文对应的客户端操作、以及客户端操作对应的QoS参数，确定用于指示媒体报文对应的客户端操作对应的QoS参数的第四指示信息，将第四指示信息作为关联信息。
作为又一种可实现方式，图8中的接收模块801、发送模块802可以由收发器代替，处理模块803可以由处理器代替，该收发器可以集成接收模块801、发送模块802的功能，该处理器可以集成处理模块803的功能。进一步的，图8所示通信装置80还可以包括存储器。当接收模块801、发送模块802由收发器代替，处理模块803由处理器代替时，本申请实施例所涉及的通信装置80可以为图2所示通信装置。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质。上述方法实施例中的全部或者部分流程可以由计算机程序来指令相关的硬件完成，该程序可存储于上述计算机可读存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法实施例的流程。计算机可读存储介质可以是前述任一实施例的终端(包括数据发送端和/或数据接收端)的内部存储单元，例如终端的硬盘或内存。上述计算机可读存储介质也可以是上述终端的外部存储设备，例如上述终端上配备的插接式硬盘，智能存储卡(smart media card,SMC)，安全数字(secure digital,SD)卡，闪存卡(flash card)等。进一步地，上述计算机可读存储介质还可以既包括上述终端的内部存储单元也包括外部存储设备。上述计算机可读存储介质用于存储上述计算机程序以及上述终端所需的其他程序和数据。上述计算机可读存储介质还可以用于暂时地存储已经输出或者将要输出的数据。
需要说明的是，本申请的说明书、权利要求书及附图中的术语“第一”和“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
应当理解，在本申请中，“至少一个(项)”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个 或两个以上，“至少两个(项)”是指两个或三个及三个以上，“和/或”，用于描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，“A和/或B”可以表示：只存在A，只存在B以及同时存在A和B三种情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，“a和b”，“a和c”，“b和c”，或“a和b和c”，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述模块或单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个装置，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是一个物理单元或多个物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个不同地方。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一个设备(可以是单片机，芯片等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种媒体报文的传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    用户面网元接收来自应用服务器的媒体报文；
    所述用户面网元确定所述媒体报文对应的关联信息；其中，所述关联信息为与所述媒体报文对应的客户端操作关联的信息；
    所述用户面网元通过所述关联信息对应的服务质量QoS流向接入网网元发送所述媒体报文。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户面网元确定所述媒体报文对应的关联信息，包括：
    所述用户面网元对所述媒体报文进行识别，得到所述关联信息；其中，所述媒体报文携带所述关联信息；或者
    所述用户面网元接收来自所述应用服务器的所述关联信息；或者
    所述用户面网元根据获取的媒体报文请求，确定所述媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作；所述用户面网元根据所述媒体报文对应的媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作，确定所述关联信息；其中，所述媒体报文请求用于向所述应用服务器请求所述媒体报文。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户面网元对所述媒体报文进行识别，得到所述关联信息，包括：
    所述用户面网元对所述媒体报文进行应用层识别，得到所述关联信息；或者
    所述用户面网元对所述媒体报文进行传输层识别，得到所述关联信息；或者
    所述用户面网元对所述媒体报文进行网络层识别，得到所述关联信息。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户面网元根据获取的媒体报文请求，确定所述媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作，包括：
    所述媒体报文请求包括实时流协议RTSP请求，所述用户面网元根据所述RTSP请求，确定所述媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作；或者
    所述媒体报文请求包括所述媒体报文的索引号，所述用户面网元根据所述媒体报文的索引号，确定所述媒体报文请求对应的客户端操作。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述关联信息包括第一指示信息，其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述媒体报文对应的客户端操作；或者
    所述关联信息包括第二指示信息，其中，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述媒体报文对应的客户端操作对应的优先级。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述关联信息包括所述第一指示信息时，所述用户面网元通过所述关联信息对应的QoS流向所述接入网网元发送所述媒体报文，包括：
    所述用户面网元根据所述第一指示信息指示的客户端操作以及第一对应关系，确定所述客户端操作对应的QoS流；其中，不同的客户端操作对应不同的QoS流；所述第一对应关系为客户端操作与QoS流的对应关系；
    所述用户面网元通过所述客户端操作对应的QoS流，向所述接入网网元发送所述媒体报文。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述用户面网元接收来自会话管理网元的所述第一对应关系。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述关联信息包括所述第二指示信息时，所述用户面网元通过所述关联信息对应的QoS流向所述接入网网元发送所述媒体报文，包括：
    当不同的优先级对应不同的QoS流时，所述用户面网元根据所述第二指示信息指示的优先级以及第二对应关系，通过所述优先级对应的QoS流，将所述媒体报文发送给所述接入网网元；其中，所述第二对应关系为客户端操作对应的优先级与QoS流的对应关系；或者
    当不同的优先级对应相同的QoS流时，所述用户面网元根据所述第二指示信息指示的优先级以及第二对应关系，通过所述QoS流将所述媒体报文按照所述优先级发送给所述接入网网元；其中，所述第二对应关系为客户端操作对应的优先级与QoS流的对应关系。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述用户面网元接收来自会话管理网元的所述第二对应关系。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述用户面网元接收来自会话管理网元的第三指示信息；其中，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述用户面网元接收到媒体报文后，确定所述媒体报文对应的关联信息；
    所述用户面网元根据所述第三指示信息和接收到的媒体报文，确定所述媒体报文对应的关联信息。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户面网元通过所述关联信息对应的QoS流向所述接入网网元发送所述媒体报文，包括：
    在定时器有效期内，所述用户面网元通过所述关联信息对应的QoS流向所述接入网网元发送所述媒体报文。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述用户面网元接收来自会话管理网元的所述定时器。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述客户端操作包括以下至少一种：初始播放、跳转、正常播放、暂停。
  14. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括一个或多个处理器、收发器；所述一个或多个处理器、所述收发器支持所述通信装置执行如权利要求1-13任一项所述的媒体报文的传输方法。
  15. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机指令或程序，当计算机指令或程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1-13任一项所述的媒体报文的传输方法。
  16. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，所述通信系统包括：用户面网元和应用服务器；
    所述应用服务器，用于向所述用户面网元发送媒体报文；
    所述用户面网元，用于接收来自所述应用服务器的媒体报文；所述用户面网元确定所述媒体报文对应的关联信息；所述关联信息为与所述媒体报文对应的客户端操作关联的信息；所述用户面网元通过所述关联信息对应的服务质量QoS流向接入网网元发送所述媒体报文。
PCT/CN2021/077697 2020-04-22 2021-02-24 媒体报文的传输方法、装置及系统 WO2021212999A1 (zh)

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