WO2021208127A1 - 锂离子电池 - Google Patents

锂离子电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021208127A1
WO2021208127A1 PCT/CN2020/086346 CN2020086346W WO2021208127A1 WO 2021208127 A1 WO2021208127 A1 WO 2021208127A1 CN 2020086346 W CN2020086346 W CN 2020086346W WO 2021208127 A1 WO2021208127 A1 WO 2021208127A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cover body
glue layer
limiting portion
lithium ion
ion battery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/086346
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈俊涛
左国焰
黄林海
郭建伟
Original Assignee
广东国光电子有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 广东国光电子有限公司 filed Critical 广东国光电子有限公司
Publication of WO2021208127A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021208127A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/109—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure of button or coin shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of battery technology, for example, to a lithium ion battery.
  • a button cell refers to a battery whose shape and size are like a small button, and generally has a larger diameter and a thinner thickness.
  • Lithium-ion button batteries in the related art generally include a cover plate assembly, a casing, and a battery core arranged inside the casing.
  • the cover plate assembly is used to block the open end of the casing.
  • the cover plate assembly includes a cover plate body and a riveting joint. "I"-shaped connector on the cover body. When the cover plate assembly of the lithium-ion battery of this structure is blocked on the open end of the shell, the end of the connector takes up a large space in the battery due to the "I"-shaped structure of the connector, which is not conducive to shrinking The size of the lithium-ion battery.
  • the application provides a lithium ion battery with high space utilization and small size.
  • An embodiment provides a lithium ion battery, including a battery cell, a casing, and a cover plate assembly.
  • the casing has a receiving cavity with one end open and the other closed.
  • the battery core is disposed in the receiving cavity, and the cover
  • the plate assembly includes a cover body and a connecting piece provided on the cover body.
  • the connecting piece has a T-shaped structure, and the connecting piece includes a limiting portion and a first connecting portion connected to the limiting portion ,
  • the first connecting portion has a cylindrical structure, the limiting portion is provided at one end of the first connecting portion, and the size of the limiting portion is larger than the size of the first connecting portion, the cover body A mounting hole is penetrated along its thickness direction, the limiting portion is provided on a side of the cover body away from the battery core, the first connecting portion is inserted into the mounting hole, and the battery core It includes a positive electrode lug and a negative electrode lug, the negative electrode lug is electrically connected to the first connecting portion, the positive electrode lug is electrically connected to the cover body or the housing, and the cover body is electrically connected to the connector Bonded with insulating glue layer.
  • the cover body is a metal plate
  • the material of the cover body is the same as the material of the casing
  • the positive lug is electrically connected to the cover body.
  • a mounting groove is recessed on the outer surface of the cover body and located at the periphery of the mounting hole, and the limiting portion is provided in the mounting groove.
  • the insulating glue layer includes a first insulating glue layer, and the first insulating glue layer is adhered between the limiting portion and the bottom of the mounting groove.
  • the insulating glue layer includes a second insulating glue layer, and a second insulating glue layer is adhered between the first connecting portion and the inner side wall of the mounting hole.
  • the depth of the installation groove is greater than or equal to the sum of the thickness of the first insulating adhesive layer and the limiting portion.
  • the bottom of the mounting groove, the inner side wall of the mounting hole, the side surface where the limiting portion is bonded to the insulating adhesive layer, and the first connecting portion is bonded to the insulating adhesive layer A receiving groove is recessed on one side surface of the receiving groove, and the insulating glue layer is contained in the receiving groove.
  • the bottom of the mounting groove, the inner side wall of the mounting hole, the side surface where the limiting portion is bonded to the insulating adhesive layer, and the first connecting portion is bonded to the insulating adhesive layer A wave structure is provided on one side of the wavy structure, the wave structure includes a convex arc portion and a concave arc portion, the convex arc portion and the concave arc portion are staggeredly connected, and two adjacent convex arc portions are formed. Said holding tank.
  • the cover body is provided with a positioning step on a side surface in the thickness direction thereof, and the positioning step includes a first step surface and a second step surface perpendicularly connected to the first step surface, and the second step surface
  • the step surface is located at the upper end of the first step surface, the first step surface abuts against the inner side wall of the housing, and the second step surface abuts against the opening end of the housing.
  • the battery cell includes a positive electrode sheet, a separator, and a negative electrode sheet
  • the battery core is formed by sequentially stacking and winding the negative electrode sheet, the separator, and the positive electrode sheet, or, the battery cell It is formed by sequentially stacking the negative electrode sheet, the separator and the positive electrode sheet.
  • the connector includes a limiting portion and a first connecting portion.
  • the first connecting portion has a cylindrical structure, and the size of the limiting portion is larger than the size of the first connecting portion, which is different from the battery in the related art.
  • the first connecting portion can be inserted into the mounting hole and connected with the negative lug, which can reduce the space occupied by the connecting piece in the receiving cavity, increase the space utilization rate of the receiving cavity, and help reduce the size of the battery.
  • the insulating glue has good electrical insulation performance and high viscosity at room temperature, which not only ensures the insulation of the cover body and the connecting piece, but also ensures that the insulating glue layer is at the same time Adhere to the connector and the cover body to avoid the risk of the air pressure inside the battery increasing and causing the connector to detach from the mounting hole, and avoid the risk of battery leakage due to gaps between the connector and the cover body .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a lithium ion battery according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded structure diagram of the lithium ion battery according to an embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a lithium ion battery according to an embodiment.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting piece according to another embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a lithium ion battery according to another embodiment.
  • connection shall be interpreted broadly, for example, they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated. ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • connection shall be interpreted broadly, for example, they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated. ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • the "on" or “under” of the first feature of the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through other features between them.
  • the "above”, “above” and “above” of the first feature on the second feature include the first feature directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or it simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • the “below”, “below” and “below” of the second feature of the first feature include the first feature directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.
  • the present application provides a lithium ion battery, including a battery cell 3, a casing 1, and a cover assembly 2.
  • the casing 1 has a receiving cavity with one end open and the other closed.
  • the core 3 is arranged in the containing cavity.
  • the cover assembly 2 includes a cover body 22 and a connecting piece 21 disposed on the cover body 22.
  • the connecting piece 21 has a T-shaped structure, and the connecting piece 21 includes a limiting portion 211 and a connecting piece 21.
  • the first connecting portion 212 to which the limiting portion 211 is connected.
  • the first connecting portion 212 has a cylindrical structure, the limiting portion 211 is disposed at one end of the first connecting portion 212, and the size of the limiting portion 211 is larger than the size of the first connecting portion 212.
  • the cover body 22 has a mounting hole 28 penetrating in its thickness direction, the limiting portion 211 is provided on a side of the cover body 22 facing away from the battery core 3, and the first connecting portion 212 is inserted in the In the mounting hole 28, the battery core 3 includes a positive lug 31 and a negative lug 32.
  • the negative lug 32 is electrically connected to the first connecting portion 212, and the positive lug 31 is electrically connected to the cover body 22 or the casing 1.
  • an insulating glue layer 27 is adhered between the cover body 22 and the connecting member 21.
  • the material of the connecting member 21 is nickel.
  • the connecting member 21 includes a limiting portion 211 and a first connecting portion 212.
  • the first connecting portion 212 has a cylindrical structure, and the size of the limiting portion 211 is larger than the size of the first connecting portion 212, which is different from the connecting member in the related art battery. 21, the first connecting portion 212 in the present application is inserted into the mounting hole 28 and connected to the negative lug 32, which can reduce the space occupied by the connecting piece 21 in the receiving cavity and increase the space utilization rate of the receiving cavity. Conducive to reducing battery size.
  • An insulating glue layer 27 is adhered between the cover body 22 and the connecting piece 21.
  • the insulating glue has good electrical insulation performance and high viscosity at room temperature, which not only ensures the insulation of the cover body 22 and the connecting piece 21, but also
  • the insulating glue layer 27 is simultaneously bonded to the connector 21 and the cover body 22 to avoid the risk of the connector 21 being separated from the mounting hole 28 due to the increase in the air pressure inside the battery, and to avoid the connection between the connector 21 and the cover body 22 There is a gap between them, leading to the risk of battery leakage.
  • the cover body 22 is a metal plate
  • the material of the cover body 22 is the same as the material of the housing 1
  • the positive lug 31 is electrically connected to the cover body 22, because The material of the cover body 22 is the same as that of the case 1, and the positive lug 31 is electrically connected to the cover body 22, so that both the case 1 and the cover body 22 can be the positive connection terminals of the lithium ion battery.
  • the material of the cover body 22 and the material of the housing 1 are both aluminum.
  • the outer surface of the cover body 22 and the periphery of the mounting hole 28 are recessed with a mounting groove 23, the The limiting portion 211 is arranged in the mounting groove 23.
  • the insulating glue layer 27 includes a first insulating glue layer 271, and the first insulating glue layer 271 is adhered between the limiting portion 211 and the bottom of the mounting groove 23.
  • the arrangement of the first insulating glue layer 271 ensures that the position-limiting portion 211 and the bottom of the mounting groove 23 have good adhesion and insulation.
  • the depth of the mounting groove 23 is greater than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the first insulating adhesive layer 271 and the limiting portion 211. This design can prevent the limiting portion 211 from protruding from the cover body 22. It is helpful to reduce the size of the battery and improve the aesthetics of the battery.
  • the size of the limiting portion 211 is smaller than the size of the mounting slot 23.
  • the limiting portion 211 is connected to the inner side of the mounting slot 23 There is a gap between the walls. This design prevents the inner side wall of the installation groove 23 from obstructing the placement of the limiting portion 211 during the process of installing the connecting member 21, and reserves space for the installation of the limiting portion 211.
  • the first insulating glue layer 271 can also be extended toward the inner side wall of the mounting groove 23, and the first insulating glue layer 271 An end of the insulating glue layer 271 away from the limiting portion 211 is bonded to the inner side wall of the mounting groove 23.
  • the insulating glue layer 27 includes a second insulating glue layer 272, and a second insulating glue layer 272 is adhered between the first connecting portion 212 and the inner side wall of the mounting hole 28.
  • the arrangement of the second insulating glue layer 272 ensures the adhesion and insulation between the inner side wall of the adhesive mounting hole 28 and the first connecting portion 212.
  • the first insulating glue layer 271 and the second insulating glue layer 272 are integrally formed.
  • a third insulating glue layer (not shown in the figure) is provided on the upper surface of the first insulating glue layer 271 and located between the limiting portion 211 and the inner side wall of the mounting groove 23, and the third insulating glue layer
  • the upper surface of the adhesive layer is flush with the upper surface of the limiting portion 211, or the upper surface of the third insulating adhesive layer is flush with the upper surface of the cover body 22, or the upper surface of the third insulating adhesive layer is flush with The upper surface of the limiting portion 211 and the upper surface of the cover body 22 are flush.
  • the bottom of the mounting groove 23, the inner side wall of the mounting hole 28, the side surface where the limiting portion 211 is bonded to the insulating glue layer 27, and the first connecting portion 212 and the One side of the insulating glue layer 27 is recessed with a receiving groove 8, which contains the insulating glue layer 27.
  • the insulating glue layer 27 and the connecting member 21 can be added through the inner side wall of the receiving groove 8. And the bonding area of the cover body 22.
  • the bottom of the mounting groove 23, the inner side wall of the mounting hole 28, the side surface where the limiting portion 211 is bonded to the insulating glue layer 27, and the first connecting portion 212 and the One side of the insulating glue layer 27 is provided with a wave structure.
  • the wave structure includes a convex arc portion 6 and a concave arc portion 7.
  • the convex arc portion 6 and the concave arc portion 7 are alternately connected, and adjacent The two convex arc portions 6 are formed with the receiving groove 8.
  • the convex arc portions 6 described in this embodiment are all convexly arranged in a direction facing the insulating glue layer 27, and the concave arc portions 7 are all concavely arranged in a direction away from the insulating glue layer 27. Since the wave structure includes the convex arc portion 6 and the concave arc portion 7, the bonding area between the insulating glue layer 27 and the connector 21 and the cover body 22 is increased, and the connection between the connector 21 and the cover body 22 is increased. The connection strength.
  • it may also be directly located at the bottom of the mounting groove 23, the inner side wall of the mounting hole 28, the side surface where the limiting portion 211 is bonded to the insulating adhesive layer 27, and the first A groove is provided on one side of the connecting portion 212 bonded to the insulating glue layer 27 as the receiving groove 8.
  • the bottom of the mounting groove 23, the inner side wall of the mounting hole 28, the side surface where the limiting portion 211 is bonded to the insulating glue layer 27, and the first The connecting portion 212 and the side surface where the insulating adhesive layer 27 is bonded are all set in a planar structure.
  • the bottom of the mounting groove 23, the inner side wall of the mounting hole 28, the limiting portion 211 and The shape and structure of the side where the insulating glue layer 27 is bonded and the side where the first connecting portion 212 and the insulating glue layer 27 are bonded can be flexibly designed according to actual needs.
  • Both the positive electrode ear 31 and the negative electrode ear 32 include a second connecting portion 33 and a third connecting portion 34.
  • the second connecting portion 33 and the third connecting portion 34 are arranged at an angle.
  • the portion 33 is located at the upper end of the third connecting portion 34, and an end of the second connecting portion 33 away from the third connecting portion 34 is welded to the first connecting portion 212.
  • the thickness of the position where the second connecting portion 33 and the first connecting portion 212 are welded is greater than the thickness of the remaining positions of the second connecting portion, forming a reinforced portion.
  • the arrangement of the reinforcing portion is mainly to increase the thickness of the welding position of the negative electrode lug 32 and the first connecting portion 212 to prevent the negative electrode lug 32 from being damaged when the negative electrode lug 32 and the first connecting member 21 are welded.
  • the cover body 22 is provided with a positioning step on its side in the thickness direction.
  • the positioning step includes a first step surface 26 and a second step surface 29 vertically connected to the first step surface 26.
  • the second step The surface 29 is located at the upper end of the first stepped surface 26, the first stepped surface 26 abuts against the inner side wall of the housing 1, and the second stepped surface 29 abuts against the open end of the housing 1. . Since the second step surface 29 abuts on the open end of the casing 1, when assembling the lithium-ion battery, the cover body 22 can be positioned at the open end, which is convenient for assembly.
  • the wall abuts to increase the connection area between the cover body 22 and the housing 1.
  • the cover body 22 is provided with a liquid injection hole 25 through its thickness direction, the cover body 22 is provided with a liquid injection hole 25 through its thickness direction, and the liquid injection hole 25 is provided with a seal.
  • the blocking member 24 blocks.
  • electrolyte can be injected into the containing cavity through the injection hole 25. After the injection of the electrolyte is completed, the injection hole 25 is blocked by the blocking member 24 to prevent leakage.
  • a first insulating plate 4 and a second insulating plate 5 are respectively provided between the battery core 3 and the cover body 22 and between the battery core 3 and the bottom of the casing 1, and
  • the first insulating plate 4 is provided with at least two electrolyte circulation holes 41 through its thickness direction, and all the electrolyte circulation holes 41 are distributed at intervals.
  • An electrolyte circulation hole 41 is provided on the first insulating plate 4. After the electrolyte is injected into the injection hole 25, it can flow to the cell 3 through the electrolyte circulation hole 41, which is beneficial for the cell 3 to penetrate the electrolyte.
  • the second insulating plate 5 is arranged between the battery core 3 and the bottom of the casing 1 to avoid direct contact between the battery core 3 and the bottom of the casing 1 and to prevent the battery core 3 from being short-circuited.
  • the positive electrode ear 31 and the negative electrode ear 32 are respectively led out from the same end of the battery core 3, and the positive electrode ear 31 and the negative electrode ear 32 respectively pass through the first insulating plate 4 and are connected to the cover plate assembly 2.
  • escape holes may also be provided on the first insulating plate 4 respectively, and the positive electrode lug 31 and the negative electrode lug 32 pass through the escape hole and The cover assembly 2 is connected.
  • the positive lug 31 can also be led out from the battery core 3 and the negative lug 32 from opposite ends of the battery 3 respectively.
  • the negative lug 32 is led out from the upper end of the battery core 3, and the positive lug 31 is led out from the lower end of the battery core 3.
  • the negative lug 32 passes through the first insulating plate 4 and is connected to the first connecting portion 212, and the positive electrode passes through the second insulating plate 5 and is electrically connected to the bottom of the casing 1.
  • the first insulating plate 4 and the second insulating plate 5 respectively have escape holes corresponding to the negative lug 32 and the positive lug 31.
  • the negative lug 32 and the positive lug 31 pass through the corresponding escape holes to be electrically connected to the first connecting portion 212 and to the housing. 1 Electrical connection.
  • the positive lug 31 and the negative lug 32 can also be drawn from any position of the battery core 3, as long as the negative lug 32 can be electrically connected to the first connecting portion 212 and the positive lug 31 and the cover body 22 can be electrically connected.
  • the housing 1 can be electrically connected.
  • the battery core 3 includes a positive electrode sheet 37, a separator 36 and a negative electrode sheet 35.
  • the positive electrode tab 31 is connected to the positive electrode sheet 37
  • the negative electrode tab 32 is connected to the negative electrode sheet 35.
  • the battery cell 3 is formed by sequentially stacking and winding the negative electrode sheet 35, the separator 36, and the positive electrode sheet 37.
  • the battery cell 3 with this structure is a wound battery cell 3. .
  • the battery cell 3 or the battery cell 3 is formed by sequentially stacking the negative electrode sheet 35, the separator 36 and the positive electrode sheet 37, and the battery cell 3 of this structure is a laminated battery cell 3. .
  • the housing 1 has a cylindrical structure, and the cross section of the cover body 22 is circular. Normally, the welding area of the cover body 22 is small (generally the diameter of the cover body 22 is 8mm-10mm).
  • the connecting member 21 can be offset from the axis of the housing 1.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

一种锂离子电池，包括电芯、壳体和盖板组件，所述壳体具有一端开口另一端封闭的容纳腔，所述电芯设置在所述容纳腔内，所述盖板组件包括盖板本体以及设置在所述盖板本体上的连接件，所述连接件包括限位部和与所述限位部连接的第一连接部，所述盖板本体沿其厚度方向贯穿开设有安装孔，所述限位部设置在所述盖板本体背离所述电芯的一侧面，所述第一连接部插接在所述安装孔中，所述电芯包括有正极耳和负极耳，所述负极耳与所述第一连接部电连接，所述正极耳与所述盖板本体或所述壳体电连接，所述盖板本体与所述连接件之间粘接有绝缘胶层。

Description

锂离子电池
本申请要求申请日为2020年4月14日、申请号为202010289768.0的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，例如涉及一种锂离子电池。
背景技术
纽扣电池(button cell)是指外形尺寸像一颗小纽扣的电池，一般来说直径较大，厚度较薄。相关技术中的锂离子纽扣电池中，一般包括盖板组件、壳体和设置在壳体内部的电芯，盖板组件用于封堵壳体的开口端，盖板组件包括盖板本体和铆接在盖板本体上“工”字型的连接件。此种结构的锂离子电池件盖板组件封堵在壳体的开口端时，由于连接件为“工”字型结构，导致连接件的端部在电池中占据较大的空间，不利于缩小锂离子电池的尺寸。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种锂离子电池，其空间利用率高，且尺寸小。
一实施例提供一种锂离子电池，包括电芯、壳体和盖板组件，所述壳体具有一端开口另一端封闭的容纳腔，所述电芯设置在所述容纳腔内，所述盖板组件包括盖板本体以及设置在所述盖板本体上的连接件，所述连接件呈T型结构，且所述连接件包括限位部和与所述限位部连接的第一连接部，所述第一连接部呈圆柱结构，所述限位部设置在所述第一连接部的一端，且所述限位部的尺寸大于所述第一连接部的尺寸，所述盖板本体沿其厚度方向贯穿开设有安装孔，所述限位部设置在所述盖板本体背离所述电芯的一侧面，所述第一连接部插接在所述安装孔中，所述电芯包括有正极耳和负极耳，所述负极耳与所述第一连接部电连接，所述正极耳与所述盖板本体或所述壳体电连接，所述盖板本体与所述连接件粘接有绝缘胶层粘接。
可选的，所述盖板本体为金属板，所述盖板本体的材质与所述壳体的材质相同，且所述正极耳与所述盖板本体电连接。
可选的，所述盖板本体的外表面且位于所述安装孔的周部凹设有安装槽， 所述限位部设置在所述安装槽内。
可选的，所述绝缘胶层包括有第一绝缘胶层，所述限位部与所述安装槽的底部之间粘接有所述第一绝缘胶层。
可选的，所述绝缘胶层包括有第二绝缘胶层，所述第一连接部与所述安装孔的内侧壁之间粘接有第二绝缘胶层。
可选的，所述安装槽的深度大于或等于所述第一绝缘胶层与所述限位部的厚度之和。
可选的，所述安装槽的底部、所述安装孔的内侧壁、所述限位部与所述绝缘胶层粘接的一侧面以及所述第一连接部与所述绝缘胶层粘接的一侧面均凹设有容纳槽，所述容纳槽内容纳有所述绝缘胶层。
可选的，所述安装槽的底部、所述安装孔的内侧壁、所述限位部与所述绝缘胶层粘接的一侧面以及所述第一连接部与所述绝缘胶层粘接的一侧面均设置有波浪结构，所述波浪结构包括有凸弧部和凹弧部，所述凸弧部和所述凹弧部交错连接，相邻的两个所述凸弧部形成有所述容纳槽。
可选的，所述盖板本体在其厚度方向的侧面环设有定位台阶，所述定位台阶包括第一台阶面和与所述第一台阶面垂直连接的第二台阶面，所述第二台阶面位于所述第一台阶面的上端，所述第一台阶面与所述壳体的内侧壁抵接，所述第二台阶面抵接在所述壳体的开口端。
可选的，所述电芯包括正极片、隔膜和负极片，所述电芯由所述负极片、所述隔膜和所述正极片依次叠置并卷绕而成，或，所述电芯由所述负极片、所述隔膜和所述正极片依次叠置而成。
本申请提供的锂离子电池，连接件包括限位部和第一连接部，第一连接部呈圆柱结构，且限位部的尺寸大于第一连接部的尺寸，不同于相关技术的电池中的连接件的结构，第一连接部可以插接到安装孔内并与负极耳连接，可以减小连接件占据容纳腔内部的空间，增大容纳腔的空间利用率，有利于缩小电池尺寸。盖板本体与连接件之间粘接有绝缘胶层，利用绝缘胶具有良好的电绝缘性能以及在常温下具有高粘度特点，既保证了盖板本体与连接件绝缘，又保证绝缘胶层同时与连接件和盖板本体粘接，避免电池内部的气压增到而导致连接件从安装孔中脱离的风险，并且避免了在连接件与盖板本体之间存在缝隙而导致电池漏液的风险。
附图说明
图1为一实施例所述锂离子电池立体结构示意图。
图2为一实施例所述锂离子电池的分解结构图。
图3为一实施例所述锂离子电池的剖视图。
图4为另一实施例所述连接件的结构示意图。
图5为另一实施例所述锂离子电池的剖视图。
图中：
1、壳体；2、盖板组件；21、连接件；211、限位部；212、第一连接部；22、盖板本体；23、安装槽；24、封堵件；25、注液孔；26、第一台阶面；27、绝缘胶层；271、第一绝缘胶层；272、第二绝缘胶层；28、安装孔；29、第二台阶面；3、电芯；31、正极耳；32、负极耳；33、第二连接部；34、第三连接部；35、负极片；36、隔膜；37、正极片；4、第一绝缘板；41、电解液流通孔；5、第二绝缘板；6、凸弧部；7、凹弧部；8、容纳槽。
具体实施方式
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、“固定”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
如图1至图5所示，本申请提供一种锂离子电池，包括电芯3、壳体1和盖板组件2，所述壳体1具有一端开口另一端封闭的容纳腔，所述电芯3设置在所述容纳腔内。所述盖板组件2包括盖板本体22以及设置在所述盖板本体22上的连接件 21，所述连接件21呈T型结构，且所述连接件21包括限位部211和与所述限位部211连接的第一连接部212。所述第一连接部212呈圆柱结构，所述限位部211设置在所述第一连接部212的一端，且所述限位部211的尺寸大于所述第一连接部212的尺寸。所述盖板本体22沿其厚度方向贯穿开设有安装孔28，所述限位部211设置在所述盖板本体22背离电芯3的一侧面，所述第一连接部212插接在所述安装孔28中，所述电芯3包括有正极耳31和负极耳32，负极耳32与所述第一连接部212电连接，正极耳31与所述盖板本体22或壳体1电连接，所述盖板本体22与所述连接件21之间粘接有绝缘胶层27。可选地，连接件21的材质为镍。
连接件21包括限位部211和第一连接部212，第一连接部212呈圆柱结构，且限位部211的尺寸大于第一连接部212的尺寸，不同于相关技术的电池中的连接件21的结构，本申请中的第一连接部212插接到安装孔28内并与负极耳32连接，可以减小连接件21占据容纳腔内部的空间，增大容纳腔的空间利用率，有利于缩小电池尺寸。盖板本体22与连接件21之间粘接有绝缘胶层27，绝缘胶具有良好的电绝缘性能以及在常温下具有高粘度特点，既保证了盖板本体22与连接件21绝缘，又保证绝缘胶层27同时与连接件21和盖板本体22粘接，避免电池内部的气压增大而导致连接件21从安装孔28中脱离的风险，并且避免了在连接件21与盖板本体22之间存在缝隙而导致电池漏液的风险。
本实施例中，所述盖板本体22为金属板，所述盖板本体22的材质与所述壳体1的材质相同，且所述正极耳31与所述盖板本体22电连接，由于盖板本体22的材质与壳体1的材质相同，将正极耳31与盖板本体22电连接，可使得壳体1和盖板本体22均可以为锂离子电池的正极连接端。可选地，所述盖板本体22的材质和壳体1的材质均为铝。
为了避免连接件21凸出于盖板本体22的上表面，在本实施例中，所述盖板本体22的外表面且位于所述安装孔28的周部凹设有安装槽23，所述限位部211设置在所述安装槽23内。
一实施例中，所述绝缘胶层27包括有第一绝缘胶层271，所述限位部211与所述安装槽23的底部之间粘接有所述第一绝缘胶层271。第一绝缘胶层271的设置，保证限位部211与安装槽23的底部安装具有良好的粘接和绝缘。
在本实施例中，所述安装槽23的深度大于或等于所述第一绝缘胶层271与所述限位部211的厚度之和，此设计可避免限位部211凸出于盖板本体22，利于缩小电池的尺寸，且有利于提高电池的美观性。
为了便于将限位部211放置到安装槽23中，所述限位部211的尺寸小于所述安装槽23的尺寸，连接件21安装到位之后，限位部211与所述安装槽23的内侧壁之间具有间隙，此设计，在安装连接件21的过程中，避免安装槽23的内侧壁阻碍限位部211的放置，为限位部211的安装预留了空间。
提高第一绝缘胶层271在限位部211和安装槽23的底部之间的粘接强度，还可以将第一绝缘胶层271朝向所述安装槽23的内侧壁的方向延伸，且第一绝缘胶层271远离所述限位部211的一端与安装槽23的内侧壁粘接。
另一实施例中，所述绝缘胶层27包括有第二绝缘胶层272，所述第一连接部212与所述安装孔28的内侧壁之间粘接有第二绝缘胶层272。第二绝缘胶层272的设置，保证了粘安装孔28的内侧壁与第一连接部212之间粘接和绝缘。可选地，所述第一绝缘胶层271和所述第二绝缘胶层272一体成型设置。
示例性的，第一绝缘胶层271的上表面且位于所述限位部211与所述安装槽23的内侧壁之间设置有第三绝缘胶层(图中未示出)，第三绝缘胶层的上表面与所述限位部211的上表面，或，第三绝缘胶层的上表面所述盖板本体22的上表面平齐，或，第三绝缘胶层的上表面同时与限位部211的上表面以及盖板本体22的上表面平齐。
本实施例中，所述安装槽23的底部、所述安装孔28的内侧壁、所述限位部211与所述绝缘胶层27粘接的一侧面以及所述第一连接部212与所述绝缘胶层27粘接的一侧面均凹设有容纳槽8，所述容纳槽8内容纳有所述绝缘胶层27，可通过容纳槽8的内侧壁增加绝缘胶层27与连接件21和盖板本体22的粘接面积。
一实施例，所述安装槽23的底部、所述安装孔28的内侧壁、所述限位部211与所述绝缘胶层27粘接的一侧面以及所述第一连接部212与所述绝缘胶层27粘接的一侧面均设置有波浪结构，所述波浪结构包括有凸弧部6和凹弧部7，所述凸弧部6和所述凹弧部7交错连接，相邻的两个所述凸弧部6形成有所述容纳槽8。可选地，本实施例中所述的凸弧部6均是朝向正对绝缘胶层27的方向凸出设置，所述的凹弧部7均是朝向背离绝缘胶层27的方向凹设。由于波浪结构包括由于凸弧部6和凹弧部7，增大了绝缘胶层27与连接件21以及盖板本体22之间的粘接面积，提高了连接件21与盖板本体22之间的连接强度。
另一实施例中，也可以直接在所述安装槽23的底部、所述安装孔28的内侧壁、所述限位部211与所述绝缘胶层27粘接的一侧面以及所述第一连接部212与所述绝缘胶层27粘接的一侧面均设置凹槽作为所述容纳槽8。
在其他的实施例中，也可以在所述安装槽23的底部、所述安装孔28的内侧壁、所述限位部211与所述绝缘胶层27粘接的一侧面以及所述第一连接部212与所述绝缘胶层27粘接的一侧面均设置为平面结构，在具体操作时，所述安装槽23的底部、所述安装孔28的内侧壁、所述限位部211与所述绝缘胶层27粘接的一侧面以及所述第一连接部212与所述绝缘胶层27粘接的一侧面的形状结构均可以根据实际需要灵活设计。
所述正极耳31和所述负极耳32均包括第二连接部33和第三连接部34，所述第二连接部33与所述第三连接部34呈夹角设置，所述第二连接部33位于在所述第三连接部34的上端，所述第二连接部33远离所述第三连接部34的一端与所述第一连接部212焊接。
本实施例中，所述第二连接部33与所述第一连接部212焊接的位置的厚度大于第二连接部其余位置的厚度，形成具有加强部。加强部的设置，主要为了加厚负极耳32与第一连接部212焊接位置的厚度，在负极耳32与第一连接件21焊接时防止负极耳32被损伤。
所述盖板本体22在其厚度方向的侧面环设有定位台阶，所述定位台阶包括第一台阶面26和所述第一台阶面26垂直连接的第二台阶面29，所述第二台阶面29位于所述第一台阶面26的上端，所述第一台阶面26与所述壳体1的内侧壁抵接，所述第二台阶面29抵接在所述壳体1的开口端。由于第二台阶面29抵接在壳体1的开口端，在组装锂离子电池时，可以将盖板本体22定位在开口端，方便组装，且由于第一台阶面26与壳体1的内侧壁抵接，可增加盖板本体22与壳体1的连接面积。
本实施例中，所述盖板本体22的贯穿其厚度方向设置有注液孔25，所述盖板本体22贯穿其厚度方向设置有注液孔25，所述注液孔25中设置有封堵件24封堵。在具体操作时，可通过注液孔25向容纳腔中注入电解液，待电解液注射完毕后，在通过封堵件24将注液孔25封堵以防止漏液。
一实施例中，所述电芯3与所述盖板本体22之间以及所述电芯3与所述壳体1的底部之间分别设置有第一绝缘板4和第二绝缘板5，所述第一绝缘板4沿其厚度方向贯穿设置有至少两个电解液流通孔41，所有的所述电解液流通孔41间隔分布。在第一绝缘板4上设置电解液流通孔41，在注液孔25注入电解液后，可通过电解液流通孔41流至电芯3，有利于电芯3渗透电解液。将第二绝缘板5设置在电芯3与壳体1的底部之间，避免电芯3与壳体1的底部直接接触，防止电芯3短路。
一实施例中，正极耳31和负极耳32分别从电芯3的同一端引出，且正极耳31和负极耳32分别穿过第一绝缘板4后与盖板组件2连接。为了方便正极耳31和负极耳32贯穿第一绝缘板4，还可以分别在第一绝缘板4上设置有避让孔(图中未示出)，正极耳31和负极耳32穿过避让孔与盖板组件2连接。
另一实施例中，还可以将正极耳31从电芯3的和负极耳32分别从电芯3的相对两端引出。示例性的，所述负极耳32从电芯3的上端引出，正极耳31从电芯3的下端引出。负极耳32穿过第一绝缘板4与第一连接部212连接，正极贯穿第二绝缘板5与壳体1的底部电连接。第一绝缘板4和第二绝缘板5对应负极耳32和正极耳31分别开设避让孔，负极耳32和正极耳31穿过对应的避让孔分别与第一连接部212电连接以及与壳体1电连接。
在实际的设计中，正极耳31和负极耳32还可以从电芯3的任一位置引出，只要是可以实现负极耳32与第一连接部212电连接以及正极耳31与盖板本体22或壳体1电连接均可。
其中，所述电芯3包括正极片37、隔膜36和负极片35，正极耳31与正极片37连接，负极耳32与负极片35连接。
一实施例中，所述电芯3由所述负极片35、所述隔膜36和所述正极片37依次叠置并卷绕而成，此种结构的电芯3为卷绕式电芯3。
另一实施例中，电芯3或所述电芯3由所述负极片35、隔膜36和所述正极片37依次叠置而成，此种结构的电芯3为叠片式电芯3。
本实施例中，所述壳体1为圆筒结构，所述盖板本体22的横截面为圆形。通常情况下，盖板本体22焊接面积较小(一般盖板本体22的直径为8mm-10mm)，在定位负极耳32时为了避免负极耳32与连接件21发生接触而导致电芯3短路，可将连接件21偏移壳体1的轴心线设置。
于本文的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、等方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述和简化操作，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅仅用于在描述上加以区分，并没有特殊的含义。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一实施例”、“示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相 同的实施例或示例。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，多个实施例中的技术方案也可以适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种锂离子电池，包括电芯、壳体和盖板组件，所述壳体具有一端开口另一端封闭的容纳腔，所述电芯设置在所述容纳腔内，所述盖板组件包括盖板本体以及设置在所述盖板本体上的连接件，所述连接件呈T型结构，且所述连接件包括限位部和与所述限位部连接的第一连接部，所述第一连接部呈圆柱结构，所述限位部设置在所述第一连接部的一端，且所述限位部的尺寸大于所述第一连接部的尺寸，所述盖板本体沿其厚度方向贯穿开设有安装孔，所述限位部设置在所述盖板本体背离所述电芯的一侧面，所述第一连接部插接在所述安装孔中，所述电芯包括有正极耳和负极耳，所述负极耳与所述第一连接部电连接，所述正极耳与所述盖板本体或所述壳体电连接，所述盖板本体与所述连接件之间粘接有绝缘胶层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的锂离子电池，其中，所述盖板本体为金属板，所述盖板本体的材质与所述壳体的材质相同，且所述正极耳与所述盖板本体电连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的锂离子电池，其中，所述盖板本体的外表面且位于所述安装孔的周部凹设有安装槽，所述限位部设置在所述安装槽内。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的锂离子电池，其中，所述绝缘胶层包括有第一绝缘胶层，所述限位部与所述安装槽的底部之间粘接有所述第一绝缘胶层。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的锂离子电池，其中，所述绝缘胶层包括有第二绝缘胶层，所述第一连接部与所述安装孔的内侧壁之间粘接有第二绝缘胶层。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的锂离子电池，其中，所述安装槽的深度大于或等于所述第一绝缘胶层与所述限位部的厚度之和。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的锂离子电池，其中，所述安装槽的底部、所述安装孔的内侧壁、所述限位部与所述绝缘胶层粘接的一侧面以及所述第一连接部与所述绝缘胶层粘接的一侧面均凹设有容纳槽，所述容纳槽内容纳有所述绝缘胶层。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的锂离子电池，其中，所述安装槽的底部、所述安装孔的内侧壁、所述限位部与所述绝缘胶层粘接的一侧面以及所述第一连接部与所述绝缘胶层粘接的一侧面均设置有波浪结构，所述波浪结构包括有凸弧部和凹弧部，所述凸弧部和所述凹弧部依次交错连接，相邻的两个所述凸弧部之间形成有所述容纳槽。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的锂离子电池，其中，所述盖板本体在其厚度方向的侧面环设有定位台阶，所述定位台阶包括第一台阶面和与所述第一台阶面垂直 连接的第二台阶面，所述第二台阶面位于所述第一台阶面的上端，所述第一台阶面与所述壳体的内侧壁抵接，所述第二台阶面抵接在所述壳体的开口端。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的锂离子电池，其中，所述电芯包括正极片、隔膜和负极片，所述电芯由所述负极片、所述隔膜和所述正极片依次叠置并卷绕而成，或，所述电芯由所述负极片、所述隔膜和所述正极片依次叠置而成。
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