WO2021203506A1 - 播种器及其播种方法以及带有播种器的农业机械 - Google Patents
播种器及其播种方法以及带有播种器的农业机械 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021203506A1 WO2021203506A1 PCT/CN2020/089443 CN2020089443W WO2021203506A1 WO 2021203506 A1 WO2021203506 A1 WO 2021203506A1 CN 2020089443 W CN2020089443 W CN 2020089443W WO 2021203506 A1 WO2021203506 A1 WO 2021203506A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- seed
- seeding
- screening
- channel
- seeds
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 221
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 89
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 7
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- 235000010721 Vigna radiata var radiata Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000011469 Vigna radiata var sublobata Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 241000219310 Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021536 Sugar beet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/18—Machines for depositing quantities of seed at intervals
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of seeding, in particular to a seeder, a seeding method thereof, and an agricultural machine with a seeder.
- the air-blowing seeder is mainly used for the sowing operations of economic crops and large-seed corn and soybeans or pelletized sugar beet seeds. Although it has (1) seeds with different shapes and geometric sizes, they have good filling performance, (2) The seeds are filled, carried, and removed under the airflow.
- Air-blowing seeders mostly complete the seeding operation under the action of higher pressure airflow.
- the high-pressure airflow is mostly the tractor output power or the independent power output drives the fan to rotate and form, which consumes a lot of power.
- the airflow pressure needs to be adjusted. If the airflow pressure is insufficient, the excess crop seeds cannot be completely removed, causing reseeding. On the contrary, if the airflow pressure is too high, all the seeds in the hole will be blown away, causing cavities.
- the machine is required to have more precise The air flow pressure control device, (3)
- the processing and manufacturing of the seed disc of the air blowing seeder is more complicated than the hole wheel.
- the suction seeder is mainly used for the sowing of corn, soybeans, sorghum and other crops. Although the size and shape of the seeds are not strict, there is no need to strictly classify the seeds according to the size, the damage rate is small, and the seeding operation can be improved. Speed and other advantages, but the suction type seeder needs the power output shaft to drive the fan to generate negative pressure, the negative pressure chamber generally reaches 0.003MPa, and its transmission structure is complex, and the air tightness requirements of the vacuum chamber are relatively high.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a seeder, a seeding method thereof, and an agricultural machine with a seeder, wherein the seeder can effectively remove waste seeds to ensure the seeding effect.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a seeder, a seeding method thereof, and an agricultural machine with a seeder, wherein the seeder can accurately pick seeds to reduce the rebroadcast rate.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a seeder, a seeding method thereof, and an agricultural machine with a seeder, wherein the seeder can effectively ensure the plant spacing to ensure seeding efficiency.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a seeder and its seeding method as well as an agricultural machine with a seeder, wherein the seeder provides a screening element and a seeding element, by allowing the seeding element to do relative to the By rotating the screening element, the seeder can eliminate waste seeds and reduce the replay rate, so that the structure of the seeder is simple and reliable, and the failure rate of the seeder can be reduced.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a seeder, its seeding method, and an agricultural machine with a seeder, wherein the screening element and the seeding element are both arranged in a disc shape, and the seeding element rotates The shaft passes through the middle of the screening element, so that the structure of the seeder is small and extraordinar, which facilitates the miniaturization of the seeder.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a seeder and its seeding method, and an agricultural machine with a seeder, wherein the seeding element is replaceable, so that the seeder realizes the matching by allowing the replacement of the seeding element. Sowing of seeds of different crops.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a seeder, its seeding method, and an agricultural machine with a seeder, wherein the seeds that enter the holding hole of the seeding element can be discharged by the screening element based on the distance away from gravity.
- the channel is excluded or the seeding channel of the screening element is seeded, so that the structure of the seeder is simple and reliable, so as to reduce the failure rate of the seeder and reduce the power consumption of the seeder.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a seeder and its seeding method as well as an agricultural machine with a seeder, wherein the seeder provides a seed sieve brush, and the seed sieve brush is used to transfer all the seeds that enter the seed extraction element. The excess seeds that are kept open are brushed off to achieve precise seeding.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a seeder and its seeding method, and an agricultural machine with a seeder, wherein the seeder provides a camera element, and the image captured by the camera element can detect the entry into the seed element Whether the seeds with the holding holes are suitable for being sown, if the seeds with the holding holes entering the seed extraction element are waste seeds, the waste seeds can be eliminated through the waste channel of the screening element If the seeds entering the holding element of the seed taking element are suitable for being sown, the seeds can be sown through the sowing channel of the screening element.
- the present invention provides a seeder, which includes:
- a screening element wherein the screening element has a waste channel and a seeding channel, the waste channel of the screening element has a connected state and a closed state, and the waste channel of the screening element is The setting can be switched between the connected state and the closed state;
- a seeding element wherein the seeding element has a plurality of holding openings, wherein the seeding element is configured to be able to rotate relative to the screening element, so that the holding openings of the seeding element
- the waste channel or the seeding channel that can be connected to the screening element, wherein when the holding opening of the seed extraction element is connected to the waste channel of the screening element in a connected state,
- the seeds held in the holding opening of the seed taking element are discharged through the waste channel of the screening element, when the holding opening of the seed taking element communicates with all of the screening element In the sowing channel, the seeds held in the holding opening of the seeding element are sown through the seeding channel of the screening element.
- the screening element and the seed extraction element are both disc-shaped, wherein the waste discharge channel and the seeding channel of the screening element are both penetrated by two opposite sides of the screening element.
- the side method is provided on the outside of the screening element, wherein a plurality of the holding openings of the seed extraction element are provided in the extraction element so as to be spaced apart from each other and penetrate through opposite sides of the seed extraction element.
- the holding opening can be connected to the waste channel or the seeding channel of the screening element.
- the waste discharge channel of the screening element is adjacent to the seeding channel, and the waste discharge channel is located on the front side of the seeding channel.
- the screening element and the seed extraction element are arranged to be inclined with respect to the ground, and the screening element is located below the side of the seed extraction element, thus allowing to be held in the seed extraction element
- the open-pore seeds automatically enter the waste channel or the sowing channel of the screening element based on the principle of gravity.
- the screening element and the seed extraction element are arranged to be inclined with respect to the ground, and the screening element is located below the side of the seed extraction element, thus allowing to be held in the seed extraction element
- the open-pore seeds automatically enter the waste channel or the sowing channel of the screening element based on the principle of gravity.
- the seed planter further includes a seed-taken housing, the seed-taken housing has a seed-taken space and a seed-taken opening connected to the seed-taken space, wherein the lower portion of the screening element And the lower part of the seed taking element extends to and is held in the seed taking space of the seed taking housing through the seed taking opening of the seed taking housing, and the portion of the seed taking housing is used to form the The shape of the inner wall of the seeding space matches the shape of the seeding element.
- the planter further includes a sieve seed brush
- the sieve seed brush includes a brush head
- the brush head is set such that the relative position of the brush head and the screening element remains unchanged
- the method is attached to the outside of the seed taking element, and the brush head corresponds to the holding opening of the seed taking element.
- the brush head is arranged on the front side of the waste channel of the screening element, and at least a part of the brush head is located near the seed shell with the brush head.
- the mode of the seed taking opening is held in the seed taking space of the seed taking housing.
- the seed extraction element is detachable to allow the seed extraction element to be replaceable.
- the seed planter further includes a control element and an imaging element connected to the control element, the imaging element is arranged toward the seed picking element, and the control element is arranged for The waste channel of the screening element is controlled to switch between the connected state and the closed state according to the image taken by the imaging element.
- the seed planter further includes a control element and an imaging element connected to the control element, the imaging element is arranged toward the seed picking element, and the control element is arranged for The rotation speed of the seed picking element is controlled according to the image taken by the imaging element.
- control element is configured to control the rotation speed of the seeding element according to the image captured by the imaging element.
- the present invention further provides an agricultural machine with a seeder, which includes a machine body and a seeder arranged on the machine body, wherein the seeder includes:
- a screening element wherein the screening element has a waste channel and a seeding channel, the waste channel of the screening element has a connected state and a closed state, and the waste channel of the screening element is The setting can be switched between the connected state and the closed state;
- a seeding element wherein the seeding element has a plurality of holding openings, wherein the seeding element is configured to be able to rotate relative to the screening element, so that the holding openings of the seeding element
- the waste channel or the seeding channel that can be connected to the screening element, wherein when the holding opening of the seed extraction element is connected to the waste channel of the screening element in a connected state,
- the seeds held in the holding opening of the seed taking element are discharged through the waste channel of the screening element, when the holding opening of the seed taking element communicates with all of the screening element In the sowing channel, the seeds held in the holding opening of the seeding element are sown through the seeding channel of the screening element.
- the present invention further provides a seeding method of a seeder, wherein the seeding method includes the following steps:
- the seed extraction element is accelerated relative to the screening element. The speed of the component.
- the seeding method further includes the step of: (d) if there is no seed in the holding opening of the seeding element, increasing the speed of the seeding element relative to the screening element .
- an image of the holding opening of the seeding element is captured by an imaging element, and the holding hole of the seeding element is detected. Keep the open-hole seeds suitable for being sown.
- an image of the holding opening of the seeding element is captured by an imaging element to detect the holding opening of the seeding element Whether there are seeds.
- the seed picking element and the screening element are both disc-shaped, wherein the seed picking element is allowed to rotate relative to the screening element .
- the screening element and the seed extraction element are inclined with respect to the ground in such a manner that the screening element is located below the side of the seed extraction element, so as to be allowed to be held at
- the seeds with the openings of the seeding element automatically enter the waste channel or the sowing channel of the screening element based on the principle of gravity.
- Fig. 1A is a perspective schematic view of a seeder according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 1B is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the planter according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the planter according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is an exploded schematic view of the planter according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure cut along the line A-A of Fig. 1A.
- 5A is a schematic diagram of one of the application states of the planter according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- 5B is a schematic diagram of the second application state of the planter according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- 5C is a schematic diagram of the third application state of the planter according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- 5D is a schematic diagram of the fourth application state of the planter according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- 5E is a schematic diagram of the fifth application state of the planter according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- 5F is a schematic diagram of the sixth application state of the planter according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a perspective schematic view of an agricultural machine with a seeder according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the term “a” should be understood as “at least one” or “one or more”, that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, and in another embodiment, the number of the element The number can be multiple, and the term “one” cannot be understood as a restriction on the number.
- a seeder 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be disclosed and illustrated in the following description, wherein the seeder 100 includes a
- the screening element 10 and a seed extraction element 20 are configured to be able to move relative to the screening element 10 to allow the screening element 10 and the seed extraction element 20 to cooperate with each other to achieve seeding.
- the screening element 10 has a waste channel 11 and a seeding channel 12, wherein the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 has a connected state and a closed state, and all of the screening element 10
- the waste discharge passage 11 is configured to be switchable between the connected state and the closed state.
- the seed extraction element 20 has a plurality of holding openings 21, wherein the seed extraction element 20 is configured to be able to rotate relative to the screening element 10, so that the holding openings 21 of the seed extraction element 20
- the waste channel 11 or the seeding channel 12 can be connected to the screening element 10. When the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 corresponds to the waste discharge channel 11 in the communicating state connected to the screening element 10, it is held by all of the seed taking element 20.
- the seeds in the holding opening 21 can be removed through the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10, when the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 is connected to the seeding channel of the screening element 10 At 12 o'clock, the seeds held in the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 can be sown through the seeding channel 12 of the screening element 10.
- the seeds held in the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 can pass through the screening element 10
- the waste discharge channel 11 is eliminated by being directly discharged to the ground.
- the seeds held in the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 can pass through the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 The way to be recycled is ruled out.
- the screening element 10 and the seed extraction element 20 are both disc-shaped, and the waste removal of the screening element 10
- the channel 11 and the seeding channel 12 are both provided on the outside of the screening element 10 in such a way as to penetrate through opposite sides of the screening element 10, wherein the plurality of holding openings 21 of the seeding element 20 are The way of being spaced apart from each other and passing through opposite sides of the seed taking element 20 is arranged on the outside of the seed taking element 20.
- the seeding element 20 takes the central axis of the seeding element 20 as a rotation axis, and the rotation axis of the seeding element 20 passes through the middle of the screening element 10, so that the seeding element 20 is driven
- the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 can be connected to the waste channel 11 or the seeding channel 12 of the screening element 10.
- the holding openings 21 of the seed taking element 20 are arranged around a circle of the seed taking element 20.
- the size and number of the openings of the holding openings 21 of the seed taking element 20 are related to the type of seeds. It should be understood that there are differences in the planting methods of different types of seeds. For some seeds, it is suitable for a single seed to be used alone, while for other seeds, it is suitable for multiple planting in a concentrated manner. The way of designing the size and number of the openings of the holding openings 21 of the seed taking element 20 according to the type of seed can meet the requirements of this type of seed.
- the waste channel 11 and the seeding channel 12 of the screening element 10 are adjacent to each other, and the waste channel 11 is located on the front side of the seeding channel 12, so that when the seeds are held in the taking When the holding opening 21 of the seed element 20 and the seed taking element 20 are driven to rotate relative to the screening element 10, the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 holding the seed can be Pass through the positions of the waste channel 11 and the seeding channel 12 corresponding to the screening element 10 in sequence.
- the screening Before the seed extraction element 20 is driven to rotate relative to the screening element 10 so that one of the holding openings 21 of the seed extraction element 20 passes through the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10, The state of the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 is detected, wherein if the result of the detection indicates that the seeds held in the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 are not suitable for being sown, the screening The waste channel 11 of the element 10 is switched from the closed state to the communicating state, so that the holding opening 21 of the seed picking element 20 corresponds to and communicates with the screening element 10 After the waste channel 11, the seeds that are held in the holding opening 21 of the seed extraction element 20 and are not suitable for being sown are eliminated through the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10, and accordingly, if it is detected The result shows that the seeds held in the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 are suitable for being sown, then the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 is held in the closed state, and When the holding opening 21 of the seed extraction element 20 corresponds to and communicates with the seeding channel
- the screening element 10 and the sowing element 20 are arranged to be inclined with respect to the ground, and the screening element 10 is located
- the side of the seed taking element 20 is under the side, so that the side surface of the screening element 10 can close the lower opening of the holding hole 21 of the seed taking element 20.
- the seeds held in the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 can automatically pass through the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 based on the principle of gravity and be removed, if the waste discharge channel 11 of the screening element 10 is in the closed state, the seeds held in the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 continue to move with the rotation of the seed taking element 20 to Later, when the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 corresponds to and communicates with the seeding channel 12 of the screening element 10, it is held in the holding opening of the seed taking element 20 The seeds of 21 can be sown automatically through the sowing channel 12 of the screening element 10 based on the principle of gravity.
- the angle at which the screening element 10 and the seed extraction element 20 are set to be inclined with respect to the ground is not limited in the seeder 100 of the present invention.
- the seed planter 100 of the present invention further includes a seed-taken housing 30.
- the seed-taken housing 30 has a seed-taken space 31 and a seed-taken space 31 connected to the seed-taken space 31. Opening 32, wherein the lower part of the screening element 10 and the lower part of the seed extraction element 20 extend through the seed extraction opening 32 of the seed extraction housing 30 and are held in the extraction housing 30.
- the seed space 31, and the shape of the inner wall of the seed housing 30 for forming the seed space 31 matches the shape of the seed element 20.
- the inner wall of the seed taking housing 30 used to form the seed taking space 31 is a circular arc surface, and the seed taking housing 30 is used to form
- the radius size of the inner wall of the seed taking space 31 is slightly larger than the radius size of the outer wall of the seed taking element 20, so that when the seed taking element 20 is driven, the seed can be removed from the seed housing 30.
- the space 31 rotates relative to the screening element 10 while avoiding the formation of a large gap between the outer wall of the seed extraction element 20 and the inner wall of the seed housing 30 for forming the seed space 31 Gap.
- the seeder 100 When the seeder 100 is used for sowing, some seeds are allowed to fall into the seeding space 31 of the seeding shell 30 through the seeding opening 32 of the seeding shell 30, and these seeds are kept in Between the seed shell 30 and the seed element 20. Since the seed extraction element 20 is inclined with respect to the ground, when the seed extraction element 20 is driven to rotate relative to the screening element 10 in the seed extraction space 31 of the seed extraction housing 30, The seed will automatically enter the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 to be seeded.
- whether the seed shell 30 is inclined is not limited in the seeder 100 of the present invention.
- the seed shell 30 is inclined with respect to the ground, and the inclined angle of the seed shell 30 with respect to the ground is consistent with the inclined angle of the screening element 10 and the seed element 20 with respect to the ground.
- the planter 100 of the present invention further includes a seed sieve brush 40, wherein the seed sieve brush 40 includes a brush head 41, and the brush head 41 is configured with the brush head 41 and the screening element 10 are attached to the outer side of the seed extraction element 20 in a manner that the relative position of the screening element 10 is unchanged, and the brush head 41 corresponds to the holding opening 21 of the seed extraction element 20.
- the holding opening of the seed extraction element 20 When the seed extraction element 20 is driven to rotate relative to the screening element 10 in the seed extraction space 31 of the seed extraction housing 30, the holding opening of the seed extraction element 20 When the size of 21 matches the size of one seed, if two or more seeds enter the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 at the same time, a part of at least one seed will inevitably protrude The side surface of the seed-taking element 20.
- the brush head 41 when the seed-taking element 20 is rotated to allow the brush head 41 to correspond to the holding opening 21 holding more than two seeds, the brush head 41 The seeds protruding from the side surface of the seed taking element 20 can be brushed away from the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20, so that the maximum number of seeds in the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 A seed is kept, so that precise seeding is achieved and the reseeding rate is reduced.
- the brush head 41 is arranged on the front side of the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10, and at least a part of the brush head 41 is close to the seed shell 30 with the brush head 41
- the seed taking opening 32 is held in the seed taking space 31 of the seed taking shell 30, which can ensure that the seeds brushed off from the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 fall into the place.
- the seed space 31 of the seed shell 30 is described to avoid waste.
- the sieve seed brush 40 includes a mounting rod 42, wherein one end of the mounting rod 42 is mounted on the sieve element 10 after passing through the middle of the seed extraction element 20, and the brush head 41 Is arranged at the other end of the mounting rod 42 so that the brush head 41 is attached to the brush head 41 and the screening element 10 in a manner that the relative position of the brush head 41 and the screening element 10 does not change by the mounting rod 42 On the outer side of the seed taking element 20, and the brush head 41 corresponds to the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20.
- the brush head 41 is detachably installed at the end of the mounting rod 42 so that the brush head 41 can be replaced after it is worn.
- the brush head 41 is used to ensure the reliability of the planter 100.
- the mounting rod 42 is detachably mounted on the screening element 10, so that the brush head 41 can be replaced after the brush head 41 is worn out.
- the seeding brush 40 is used to ensure the reliability of the seeder 100.
- the seed extracting element 20 is detachable to allow the seed extracting element 20 to be replaceable, so that by replacing the seed extracting element 20, the seed extracting element 20 can be replaced.
- the planter 100 is suitable for planting seeds of different crops. It is worth mentioning that the sizes of seeds of different crops are different. In order to ensure that the seed extraction element 20 can accurately extract seeds and reduce the reseeding rate, the size of the holding opening 21 of the seed extraction element 20 needs to be Match the size of the seeds, for example, the difference between the seeds of mung bean and peanuts is relatively large.
- the size of the holding opening 21 of one seed taking element 20 can match the size of the seeds of mung bean to make the taking The seed element 20 forms a mung bean seeding element, and the size of the holding opening 21 of the other seeding element 20 can be matched with the size of the peanut seed so that the seeding element 20 forms a peanut seeding element . If it is necessary to sow the seeds of mung bean, install the mung bean seeding element so that the mung bean seeding element and the screening element 10 cooperate with each other to sow the seeds of mung bean. Accordingly, if the seeds of peanuts need to be sowed, install peanuts Seed extraction element, so that the peanut seed extraction element and the screening element 10 cooperate with each other, so that peanut seeds can be sowed.
- the seed planter 100 further includes a control element 50 and an image pickup element 60 connected to the control element 50, wherein the image pickup element 60 is arranged toward the seed picking element 20
- the control element 50 is used for controlling the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 to switch between the connected state and the closed state according to the image captured by the imaging element 60.
- the planter 100 further includes a valve 70 that includes a solenoid valve 71 and is drivably connected On a door element 72 of the solenoid valve 71, wherein the solenoid valve 71 is controllably connected to the control element 50, and the control element 50 can control the door element 72 to close or close through the solenoid valve 71
- the waste discharge channel 11 of the screening element 10 is opened.
- the door element 72 is arranged on the inner side of the screening element 10 (the side of the screening element 10 facing the seed picking element 20) to close or open the waste removal of the screening element 10
- the channel 11 can prevent the seeds held in the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 from falling into the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 in the closed state based on the principle of gravity. It can be understood that when the control element 50 prevents electrical energy from being supplied to the solenoid valve 71, the solenoid valve 71 keeps the door element 72 in the waste passage 11 that closes the screening element 10. The position of the filter element 10 makes the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 in the closed state.
- the solenoid valve 71 changes the position The position of the door element 72 is to open the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 so that the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 is in the communicating state.
- the seed taking element 20 is used for taking the seed in the seed taking space 31 of the seed taking shell 30, and the use of the seed taking element 20
- the image pickup element 60 is set to take an image of the seed picking element 20 to detect The state of the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20.
- the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 has four states: seedless state, disused seed state, multiple states, and good seed state.
- the number of seeds that are sown and the number of seeds that are recovered can be accurately counted through the images captured by the imaging element 60, so as to facilitate statistics.
- the holding opening 21 of the seeding element 20 is in a seedless state if it is determined based on the image captured by the imaging element 60 that no seeds are present in the holding opening 21 of the seeding element 20, the holding opening 21 of the seeding element 20 is in a seedless state if it is determined based on the image captured by the imaging element 60 that no seeds are present in the holding opening 21 of the seeding element 20, the holding opening 21 of the seeding element 20 is in a seedless state .
- the holding opening 21 of the seed picking element 20 is in a state of disuse.
- the control element 50 drives the door element 72 to change its position through the solenoid valve 71 to open the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 so that the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 is closed from the
- the state is switched to the communicating state, so that when the seed taking element 20 is rotated to make the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 in the waste seed state correspond to and communicate with the screen element 10 in the position
- the waste discharge channel 11 is in the connected state, the seeds that are held in the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 and are not suitable for being sown automatically pass through the discharge of the screening element 10 based on the principle of gravity.
- the waste channel 11 is eliminated, so that the seeding effect of the seeder 100 can be guaranteed.
- the holding opening 21 of the seed extraction element 20 is in a large number.
- the control element 50 drives the door element 72 to change its position through the solenoid valve 71 to open the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 to make the screening element 10 waste
- the passage 11 is switched from the closed state to the communicating state, so that when the seed taking element 20 is rotated to make the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 in multiple states correspond to and communicate with the
- the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 is in the communicating state, the two or more seeds held in the holding opening 21 of the seed extraction element 20 automatically pass through the screening element based on the principle of gravity.
- the waste channel 11 of 10 is eliminated, so that the replay rate can be reduced.
- the holding opening 21 of the seeding element 20 is in a good seed state.
- the control element 50 prevents electrical energy from being supplied to the solenoid valve 71 so that the door element 72 is held in a position that closes the waste passage 11 of the screening element 10 so that the screening element 10
- the waste discharge channel 11 is in the closed state, so as to prevent the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 from rotating until the seed taking element 20 is in a good seed state to correspond to and communicate with the screening element 10
- the waste channel 11 is in the closed state, the seeds that are held in the holding opening 21 of the seed extraction element 20 and are suitable for being sown are automatically passed through the screening element 10 based on the principle of gravity.
- the waste channel 11 is eliminated, and the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 is rotated to make the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 in a good seed state correspond to and communicate with all of the screening element 10
- the seeds suitable for being sown held in the holding opening 21 of the seeding element 20 are automatically sown through the seeding channel 12 of the screening element 10 based on the principle of gravity.
- control element 50 is configured to control the rotation speed of the seeding element 20 according to the image taken by the imaging element 60, for example,
- the drive motor that drives the seed extraction element 20 is controllably connected to the control element 50, so that the control element 50 can control the rotation of the seed extraction element 20 by controlling the rotation speed of the drive motor, To help ensure plant spacing.
- 5A to 5F show the application state of the planter 100 of the present invention.
- some seeds are allowed to fall into the seed taking space 31 of the seed taking shell 30 through the seed taking opening 32 of the seed taking shell 30, and these seeds are held in the seed taking shell 30 30 and the seeding element 20. Since the seed extraction element 20 is inclined with respect to the ground, when the seed extraction element 20 is driven to rotate relative to the screening element 10 in the seed extraction space 31 of the seed extraction housing 30, The seed will automatically enter the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 to be seeded.
- the seed taking space 31 of the seed taking shell 30 there may be more than two seeds entering the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 at the same time.
- the brush head 41 can protrude from the side of the seeding element 20 The seeds are brushed away from the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20, so that at most one seed can be held in the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20.
- the holding openings 21 of the seed taking element 20 located on the upper side of the brush head 41 are sequentially defined as a first holding opening 211, a second holding opening 212, A third holding opening 213 and a fourth holding opening 214, wherein the first holding opening 211, the second holding opening 212, the third holding opening 213 and the fourth holding opening
- the size and shape of the holes 214 are the same, and the difference lies only in the positions of the holding openings 21.
- the imaging element 60 photographs the state of the first holding opening 211 of the seed extraction element 20, and the control element 50 can detect the presence in the extraction element 60 based on the image captured by the imaging element 60.
- the seeds of the first holding hole 211 of the seed element 20 are not suitable for being sown, and it is judged that the first holding hole 211 of the seed taking element 20 is in a state of disuse.
- the control element 50 allows power to be supplied to the solenoid valve 71, and the gate element 72 is driven to change position through the solenoid valve 71 to open the waste passage 11 of the screening element 10 and make the screening element 10
- the waste channel 11 is switched from the closed state to the connected state, so that when the seed-taking element 20 rotates so that the first holding opening 211 of the seed-taking element 20 corresponds to and communicates with the
- the waste discharge channel 11 of the screening element 10 is in the communicating state, the seeds that are held in the holding opening 21 of the seed extraction element 20 and are not suitable for being sown automatically pass through the sown based on the principle of gravity
- the waste discharge channel 11 of the screening element 10 is eliminated, and then the control element 50 prevents the power supply to the solenoid valve 71 so that the door element 72 closes the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 again.
- the imaging element 60 photographs the state of the second holding opening 212 of the seed taking element 20, and the control element 50 can detect that no seeds are present in the image taken by the imaging element 60.
- the second holding opening 212 judges that the second holding opening 212 of the seed taking element 20 is in a seedless state.
- the control element 50 prevents the supply of power to the solenoid valve 71 so that the door element 72 keeps closing the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10, that is, the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 is blocked Keep in the closed state.
- the imaging element 60 photographs the state of the third holding hole 213 of the seed extraction element 20, and the control element 50 can detect the presence in the extraction element 60 based on the image captured by the imaging element 60. There are more than two seeds in the third holding hole 213 of the seed element 20, and it is determined that the third holding hole 213 of the seed taking element 20 is in various states.
- the control element 50 allows power to be supplied to the solenoid valve 71, and the gate element 72 is driven to change position through the solenoid valve 71 to open the waste passage 11 of the screening element 10 and make the screening element 10
- the waste channel 11 is switched from the closed state to the connected state, so that when the seed-taking element 20 rotates so that the third holding opening 213 of the seed-taking element 20 corresponds to and communicates with the
- the waste discharge channel 11 of the screening element 10 is in the communicating state, two or more seeds held in the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 are automatically screened based on the principle of gravity.
- the exhaust passage 11 of the element 10 is eliminated, and then the control element 50 prevents the power supply to the solenoid valve 71 so that the door element 72 closes the exhaust passage 11 of the screening element 10 again.
- the imaging element 60 photographs the state of the fourth holding hole 214 of the seed extraction element 20, and the control element 50 can detect the presence in the extraction element 60 based on the image captured by the imaging element 60.
- the seeds of the fourth holding hole 214 of the seed element 20 are suitable for being sown and it is judged that the fourth holding hole 214 of the seed taking element 20 is in a good seed state.
- the control element 50 prevents the electric energy from being sown.
- the solenoid valve 71 Provided to the solenoid valve 71 so that the door element 72 is held in a position that closes the waste passage 11 of the screening element 10 so that the waste passage 11 of the screening element 10 is in the closed position State so as to prevent the fourth holding opening 214 of the seed taking element 20 from rotating to make the seed taking element 20 in a good seed state correspond to and communicate with the closed state of the screening element 10
- the seeds suitable for being sown that are held in the fourth holding opening 214 of the seed extraction element 20 automatically pass through the waste discharge of the screening element 10 based on the principle of gravity.
- the passage 11 is eliminated, and the fourth holding opening 214 of the seeding element 20 is rotated to make the seeding element 20 in a good seed state corresponds to and communicates with the seeding of the screening element 10
- the seeds suitable for being sown held in the fourth holding opening 214 of the seed taking element 20 are automatically sown through the seeding channel 12 of the screening element 10 based on the principle of gravity.
- control element 50 is configured to control the rotation speed of the seeding element 20 according to the image taken by the imaging element 60, so as to help ensure the plant spacing. For example, if the first holding opening 211, the second holding opening 212 and the fourth holding opening 214 existing in the seed taking element 20 are all suitable for being sown, but existing in the The seeds of the third holding opening 213 of the seeding element 20 are not suitable for being sown, then when the seeds held by the third holding opening 213 of the seeding element 20 are not suitable for being sown, the seeds are not suitable for being sown.
- the rotation speed of the seed taking element 20 can be increased, so that the second holding opening 212 from the seed taking element 20 corresponds to the screening element 10 from the state of the seeding channel 12 to the fourth holding opening 214 of the seeding element 20 corresponding to the state of the seeding channel 12 of the screening element 10 and the time taken from the seeding element 20
- the first holding opening 211 corresponds to the state of the seeding channel 12 of the screening element 10 to the second holding opening 212 of the seed taking element 20 corresponds to the sowing of the screening element 10
- the state of the channel 12 consumes the same time, which helps to ensure the plant spacing.
- the present invention further provides a seeding method of the seeder 100, wherein the seeding method includes the following steps:
- the waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 is allowed to switch from the closed state to the Connected state, so that when the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 corresponds to and communicates with the waste channel 11 in the communicating state of the screening element 10, the seeds that are not suitable for being sown are passed through The waste channel 11 of the screening element 10 is eliminated, and accordingly, if the seeds held in the holding opening 21 of the seed extraction element 20 are suitable for being sown, the screening element 10 is allowed to remain In the closed state, when the holding opening 21 of the seed taking element 20 corresponds to and communicates with the seeding channel 12 of the screening element 10, seeds suitable for being sown pass through the screening element The seeding channel 12 of 10 is seeded.
- FIG. 6 shows an agricultural machine with a seeder according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the agricultural machine includes a machine body 200 and the seeder 100 arranged on the machine body 200, The planting is completed when the mechanical body 200 drives the planter 100 to walk.
- the machine body 200 includes a machine body 201 and a pin assembly 202 arranged on the machine body 201, wherein the seeding channel 12 of the screening element 10 of the seeder 100 corresponds to the Pin assembly 202.
- the screening element 10 and the seed extraction element 20 of the planter 100 cooperate with each other to make the seeds free
- the seeding channel 12 of the screening element 10 enters the pin assembly 202 to complete seeding.
Abstract
公开了一播种器（200）及其播种方法以及带有播种器（200）的农业机械，其中播种器（200）包括一筛选元件（10）和一取种元件（20）。筛选元件（10）具有一排废通道（11）和一播种通道（12），筛选元件（10）的排废通道（11）具有一连通状态和一闭合状态，并且筛选元件（10）的排废通道（11）被设置能够在连通状态和闭合状态之间切换。取种元件（20）具有多个保持开孔（21），其中取种元件（20）被设置能够做相对于筛选元件（10）的转动，以使取种元件（20）的保持开孔（21）能够连通于筛选元件（10）的排废通道（11）或播种通道（12）。该播种器能够有效地清除废种以保证播种效果，能够精准地取种以降低重播率，能够有效地保证株距以保证播种效率；通过允许取种元件做相对于筛选元件的转动的方式，播种器即可实现清除废种和降低重播率，如此使得播种器的结构简单、可靠，以降低播种器的故障率。
Description
本发明涉及播种领域，特别涉及一播种器及其播种方法以及带有播种器的农业机械。
近年来，规模化终止使得农业机械得到了快速的发展，大量的不同类型的农业机械得到了推广和应用，例如用于播种的农业机械被大范围地使用而使得播种效率被大幅度地提高。对于用于播种的农业机械来说，其核心机构是播种器(排种器)，其主要的功能是从种仓中取种，以用于后续的播种操作。现有的播种器包括机械式播种器、气压式播种器、气吹式播种器以及气吸式播种器。机械式播种器不适于高速作业，对种子的适应性较差，并且碎种率较高。气压式播种器主要用于玉米、大豆、高粱等农作物的点播，其虽然能够解决卸种过程中容易造成种子损伤的问题和具有降低投种的高度、减少种子落地后的弹跳、提高种子株距的均匀性和株距的合格率的优势，但是由于气压室压力有风力通过动力传动轴传输，所以对于功率消耗比较大。气吹式播种器主要用于经济作物且种子较大的玉米和大豆或者经过丸粒化的甜菜种子的播种作业，其虽然具有(1)不同外形几何尺寸的种子均有良好的充种性能、(2)种子均在气流下完成充种、携种、剔种、(3)伤种率低、并且可在较高的作业速度(例如8km/h)下完成排种作业，但是其缺陷在于(1)气吹式播种器多在较高压力气流的作用下完成排种作业，高压气流多为拖拉机输出动力或者独立动力输出带动风机旋转形成，动力消耗大，(2)播不同作物种子时需调节气流压力，若气流压力不足，多余的作物种子不能完全剔除，造成重播，反之若气流压力过高，型孔内的所有种子会被吹走，造成空穴，因此要求机具具有较精准的气流压力控制装置，(3)气吹式播种器的取种盘的加工制造相对窝眼轮较为复杂。气吸式播种器主要用于玉米、大豆、高粱等作物的播种，其虽然具有多种子的尺寸和形状要求不严、不必对种子进行严格进行按尺寸分级、伤种率小、可提高播种作业速度等优点，但是气吸式播种 器需要动力输出轴带动风机产生负压，负压室一般要达到0.003MPa，并且其传动结构复杂、对真空室气密性要求比较高。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提供一播种器及其播种方法以及带有播种器的农业机械，其中所述播种器能够有效地清除废种，以保证播种效果。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一播种器及其播种方法以及带有播种器的农业机械，其中所述播种器能够精准地取种，以降低重播率。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一播种器及其播种方法以及带有播种器的农业机械，其中所述播种器能够有效地保证株距，以保证播种效率。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一播种器及其播种方法以及带有播种器的农业机械，其中所述播种器提供一筛选元件和一取种元件，通过允许所述取种元件做相对于所述筛选元件的转动的方式，所述播种器即可实现清除废种和降低重播率，如此使得所述播种器的结构简单、可靠，以降低所述播种器的故障率。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一播种器及其播种方法以及带有播种器的农业机械，其中所述筛选元件和所述取种元件均被设置呈圆盘状，并且所述取种元件的旋转轴穿过所述筛选元件的中部，如此使得所述播种器的结构小巧，以有利于所述播种器的小型化。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一播种器及其播种方法以及带有播种器的农业机械，其中所述取种元件被可更换，如此所述播种器通过允许更换所述取种元件的方式实现对不同作物的种子的播种。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一播种器及其播种方法以及带有播种器的农业机械，其中基于重力远离，进入所述取种元件的保持开孔的种子即可经所述筛选元件的排废通道被排除或经所述筛选元件的播种通道被播种，如此使得所述播种器的结构简单、可靠，以降低所述播种器的故障率和减少所述播种器的功耗。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一播种器及其播种方法以及带有播种器的农业机械，其中所述播种器提供一筛种刷，所述筛种刷用于将进入所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的多余的种子刷掉，以实现精准取种。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一播种器及其播种方法以及带有播种器的农业机械，其中所述播种器提供一摄像元件，通过所述摄像元件拍摄的图像能够检测 进入所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子是否适于被播种，若进入所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子是废种，则废种即可经所述筛选元件的所述排废通道被排除，若进入所述取种元件的所述保持元件的种子适于被播种，则种子即可经所述筛选元件的所述播种通道被播种。
依本发明的一个方面，本发明提供一播种器，其包括：
一筛选元件，其中所述筛选元件具有一排废通道和一播种通道，所述筛选元件的所述排废通道具有一连通状态和一闭合状态，并且所述筛选元件的所述排废通道被设置能够在所述连通状态和所述闭合状态之间切换；和
一取种元件，其中所述取种元件具有多个保持开孔，其中所述取种元件被设置能够做相对于所述筛选元件的转动，以使所述取种元件的所述保持开孔能够连通于所述筛选元件的所述排废通道或所述播种通道，其中当所述取种元件的所述保持开孔连通于所述筛选元件的处于连通状态的所述排废通道时，被保持于所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子经所述筛选元件的所述排废通道被排除，当所述取种元件的所述保持开孔连通于所述筛选元件的所述播种通道时，被保持于所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子经所述筛选元件的所述播种通道被播种。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述筛选元件和所述取种元件均呈圆盘状，其中所述筛选元件的所述排废通道和所述播种通道均以贯穿所述筛选元件的相对两侧的方式被设置于所述筛选元件的外侧，其中所述取种元件的多个所述保持开孔以被相互间隔和贯穿所述取种元件的相对两侧的方式被设置于所述取种元件的外侧，其中所述取种元件的旋转轴穿过所述筛选元件的中部，以在所述取种元件被驱动做相对于所述筛选元件的转动时，所述取种元件的所述保持开孔能够连通于所述筛选元件的所述排废通道或所述播种通道。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述筛选元件的所述排废通道和所述播种通道相邻，并且所述排废通道位于所述播种通道的前侧。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述筛选元件和所述取种元件被设置相对于地面倾斜，并且所述筛选元件位于所述取种元件的侧下方，如此允许被保持在所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子基于重力原理自动地进入所述筛选元件的所述排废通道或所述播种通道。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述筛选元件和所述取种元件被设置相对于地面倾斜，并且所述筛选元件位于所述取种元件的侧下方，如此允许被保持在所述取 种元件的所述保持开孔的种子基于重力原理自动地进入所述筛选元件的所述排废通道或所述播种通道。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述播种器进一步包括一取种壳，所述取种壳具有一取种空间和连通于所述取种空间的一取种开口，其中所述筛选元件的下部和所述取种元件的下部经所述取种壳的所述取种开口延伸至和被保持在所述取种壳的所述取种空间，并且所述取种壳的用于形成所述取种空间的内壁的形状和所述取种元件的形状相匹配。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述播种器进一步包括一筛种刷，所述筛种刷包括一刷头，所述刷头被设置以所述刷头和所述筛选元件的相对位置不变的方式被贴合于所述取种元件的外侧，并且所述刷头对应于所述取种元件的所述保持开孔。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述刷头被设置于所述筛选元件的所述排废通道的前侧，并且所述刷头的至少一部分以所述刷头靠近所述取种壳的所述取种开口的方式被保持于所述取种壳的所述取种空间。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述取种元件被可拆卸，以允许所述取种元件被可更换。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述播种器进一步包括一控制元件和被连接于所述控制元件的一摄像元件，所述摄像元件被设置朝向所述取种元件，所述控制元件被设置用于根据所述摄像元件拍摄的图像控制所述筛选元件的所述排废通道于所述连通状态和所述闭合状态之间切换。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述播种器进一步包括一控制元件和被连接于所述控制元件的一摄像元件，所述摄像元件被设置朝向所述取种元件，所述控制元件被设置用于根据所述摄像元件拍摄的图像控制所述取种元件的转速。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述控制元件被设置用于根据所述摄像元件拍摄的图像控制所述取种元件的转速。
依本发明的另一个方面，本发明进一步提供一带有播种器的农业机械，其包括一机械本体和被设置于所述机械本体的一播种器，其中所述播种器包括：
一筛选元件，其中所述筛选元件具有一排废通道和一播种通道，所述筛选元件的所述排废通道具有一连通状态和一闭合状态，并且所述筛选元件的所述排废通道被设置能够在所述连通状态和所述闭合状态之间切换；和
一取种元件，其中所述取种元件具有多个保持开孔，其中所述取种元件被设置能够做相对于所述筛选元件的转动，以使所述取种元件的所述保持开孔能够连通于所述筛选元件的所述排废通道或所述播种通道，其中当所述取种元件的所述保持开孔连通于所述筛选元件的处于连通状态的所述排废通道时，被保持于所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子经所述筛选元件的所述排废通道被排除，当所述取种元件的所述保持开孔连通于所述筛选元件的所述播种通道时，被保持于所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子经所述筛选元件的所述播种通道被播种。
依本发明的另一个方面，本发明进一步提供一播种器的播种方法，其中所述播种方法包括如下步骤：
(a)允许一取种元件做相对于一筛选元件的运动；
(b)检测所述取种元件的一保持开孔的状态；以及
(c)如果被保持在所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子不适于被播种，则允许所述筛选元件的一排废通道自一闭合状态切换至一连通状态，从而在所述取种元件的所述保持开孔对应于和连通于所述筛选元件的处于所述连通状态的所述排废通道时，不适于被播种的种子经所述筛选元件的所述排废通道被排除，相应地，如果被保持在所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子适于被播种，则允许所述筛选元件保持在所述闭合状态，从而在所述取种元件的所述保持开孔对应于和连通于所述筛选元件的一播种通道时，适于被播种的种子经所述筛选元件的所述播种通道被播种。
根据本发明的一个实施例，在所述步骤(c)中，在不适于被播种的种子经所述筛选元件的所述排废通道被排除后，加快所述取种元件相对于所述筛选元件的速度。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述播种方法进一步包括步骤：(d)如果所述取种元件的所述保持开孔没有存在种子，则加快所述取种元件相对于所述筛选元件的速度。
根据本发明的一个实施例，在所述步骤(b)中，通过一摄像元件拍摄所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的图像的方式，检测被保持在所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子是否适于被播种。
根据本发明的一个实施例，在所述步骤(b)中，通过一摄像元件拍摄所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的图像的方式，检测所述取种元件的所述保持开孔是否 存在种子。
根据本发明的一个实施例，在所述步骤(a)中，所述取种元件和所述筛选元件均呈圆盘状，其中所述取种元件被允许做相对于所述筛选元件的转动。
根据本发明的一个实施例，在上述方法中，以所述筛选元件位于所述取种元件的侧下方的方式使所述筛选元件和所述取种元件相对于地面倾斜，如此允许被保持在所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子基于重力原理自动地进入所述筛选元件的所述排废通道或所述播种通道。
图1A是依本发明的一较佳实施例的一播种器的一个视角的立体示意图。
图1B是依本发明的上述较佳实施例的所述播种器的另一个视角的立体示意图。
图2是依本发明的上述较佳实施例的所述播种器的主视示意图。
图3是依本发明的上述较佳实施例的所述播种器的分解示意图。
图4是沿着图1A的A-A线剖开后的内部结构示意图。
图5A是依本发明的上述较佳实施例的所述播种器的应用状态之一的示意图。
图5B是依本发明的上述较佳实施例的所述播种器的应用状态之二的示意图。
图5C是依本发明的上述较佳实施例的所述播种器的应用状态之三的示意图。
图5D是依本发明的上述较佳实施例的所述播种器的应用状态之四的示意图。
图5E是依本发明的上述较佳实施例的所述播种器的应用状态之五的示意图。
图5F是依本发明的上述较佳实施例的所述播种器的应用状态之六的示意图。
图6是依本发明的一较佳实施例的一带有播种器的农业机械的立体示意图。
以下描述用于揭露本发明以使本领域技术人员能够实现本发明。以下描述中的优选实施例只作为举例，本领域技术人员可以想到其他显而易见的变型。在以下描述中界定的本发明的基本原理可以应用于其他实施方案、变形方案、改进方案、等同方案以及没有背离本发明的精神和范围的其他技术方案。
本领域技术人员应理解的是，在本发明的揭露中，术语“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，其仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此上述术语不能理解为对本发明的限制。
可以理解的是，术语“一”应理解为“至少一”或“一个或多个”，即在一个实施例中，一个元件的数量可以为一个，而在另外的实施例中，该元件的数量可以为多个，术语“一”不能理解为对数量的限制。
参考本发明的说明书附图之附图1A至图5F，依本发明的一较佳实施例的一播种器100在接下来的描述中将被揭露和被阐述，其中所述播种器100包括一筛选元件10和一取种元件20，所述取种元件20被设置能够做相对于所述筛选元件10的运动，以允许所述筛选元件10和所述取种元件20相互配合而实现播种。
具体地，所述筛选元件10具有一排废通道11和一播种通道12，其中所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11具有一连通状态和一闭合状态，并且所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11被设置能够在所述连通状态和所述闭合状态之间切换。所述取种元件20具有多个保持开孔21，其中所述取种元件20被设置能够做相对于所述筛选元件10的转动，以使所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21能够连通于所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11或所述播种通道12。当所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21对应于和连通于所述筛选元件10的处于所述连通状态的所述排废通道11时，被保持于所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的种子能够经所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11被排除，当所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21连通于所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12时，被保持于所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的种子能够经所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12被播种。
值得一提的是，在本发明的所述播种器100的一个较佳示例中，被保持于所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的种子能够经所述筛选元件10的所述排废通 道11以被直接排落至地面的方式被排除。在本发明的所述播种器100的另一个较佳示例中，被保持于所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的种子能够经所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11以被回收的方式被排除。
在附图1A至图5F示出的所述播种器100的这个具体示例中，所述筛选元件10和所述取种元件20均呈圆盘状，其中所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11和所述播种通道12均以贯穿所述筛选元件10的相对两侧的方式被设置于所述筛选元件10的外侧，其中所述取种元件20的多个所述保持开孔21以被相互间隔和贯穿所述取种元件20的相对两侧的方式被设置于所述取种元件20的外侧。所述取种元件20以所述取种元件20的中心轴为旋转轴，并且所述取种元件20的旋转轴穿过所述筛选元件10的中部，如此在所述取种元件20被驱动做相对于所述筛选元件10的转动时，所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21能够连通于所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11或所述播种通道12。优选地，所述取种元件20的这些所述保持开孔21被布置环绕于所述取种元件20的一周。
值得一提的是，所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的开孔尺寸和数量与种子的类型相关。应当理解的是，不同类型的种子的种植方式存在差别，对于一些种子来说，其适于单颗被单独地使用，而对于另一些种子来说，其适于多个被集中地种植，因此根据种子的类型来设计所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的开孔尺寸和数量的方式，能够满足该类型种子的需求。
优选地，所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11和所述播种通道12相邻，并且所述排废通道11位于所述播种通道12的前侧，如此当种子被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21且所述取种元件20被驱动做相对于所述筛选元件10的转动时，所述取种元件20的被保持有种子的所述保持开孔21能够依次经过对应于所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11和所述播种通道12的位置。在所述取种元件20被驱动做相对于所述筛选元件10的转动而使所述取种元件20的一个所述保持开孔21经过所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11之前，检测所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的状态，其中若检测的结果表明被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的种子不适于被播种，则所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11被自所述闭合状态切换至所述连通状态，以在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21对应于和连通于所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11后，被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的不适于被播种的种子经所述筛选元件10的 所述排废通道11被排除，相应地，若检测的结果表明被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的种子适于被播种，则所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11被保持在所述闭合状态，并且在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21对应于和连通于所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12时，被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的适于被播种的种子经所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12被播种。
继续参考附图1A至图5F，在本发明的所述播种器100的这个具体示例中，所述筛选元件10和所述取种元件20被设置相对于地面倾斜，并且所述筛选元件10位于所述取种元件20的侧下方，以使所述筛选元件10的侧面能够封闭所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的下部开口。在所述取种元件20被驱动做相对于所述筛选元件10的转动时，基于重力原理，种子能够被可靠地保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21，当所述取种元件20的被保持有种子的所述保持开孔21转动到对应于所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11的位置时，若所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11处于所述连通状态，则被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的种子能够基于重力原理自动地穿过所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11而被排除，若所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11处于所述闭合状态，则被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的种子随着所述取种元件20的转动而继续移动，以在后续，在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21对应于和连通于所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12时，被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的种子能够基于重力原理自动地穿过所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12而被播种。
值得一提的是，所述筛选元件10和所述取种元件20被设置相对于地面倾斜的角度在本发明的所述播种器100中不受限制。
继续参考附图1A至图5F，本发明的所述播种器100进一步包括一取种壳30，所述取种壳30具有一取种空间31和连通于所述取种空间31的一取种开口32，其中所述筛选元件10的下部和所述取种元件20的下部经所述取种壳30的所述取种开口32延伸至和被保持在所述取种壳30的所述取种空间31，并且所述取种壳30的用于形成所述取种空间31的内壁的形状和所述取种元件20的形状相匹配。例如，若所述取种元件20是一个圆盘，则所述取种壳30的用于形成所述取种空间31的内壁是一个圆弧面，并且所述取种壳30的用于形成所述取种空间31的内壁的半径尺寸稍大于所述取种元件20的外壁的半径尺寸，如此在保 证所述取种元件20被驱动时能够于所述取种壳30的所述取种空间31内做相对于所述筛选元件10的转动的同时避免在所述取种元件20的外壁和所述取种壳30的用于形成所述取种空间31的内壁之间形成较大的缝隙。在使用所述播种器100播种时，一些种子被允许经所述取种壳30的所述取种开口32落入所述取种壳30的所述取种空间31，并且这些种子被保持在所述取种壳30和所述取种元件20之间。由于所述取种元件20相对于地面倾斜，从而当所述取种元件20被驱动而于所述取种壳30的所述取种空间31内做相对于所述筛选元件10的转动时，种子会自动地进入所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21而被取种。
值得一提的是，所述取种壳30是否倾斜在本发明的所述播种器100中不受限制，例如在附图1A至图5F示出的所述播种器100的一个具体示例中，所述取种壳30相对于地面倾斜，并且所述取种壳30相对于地面倾斜的角度与所述筛选元件10和所述取种元件20相对于地面倾斜的角度一致。
继续参考附图1A至图5F，本发明的所述播种器100进一步包括一筛种刷40，其中所述筛种刷40包括一刷头41，所述刷头41被设置以所述刷头41和所述筛选元件10的相对位置不变的方式被贴合于所述取种元件20的外侧，并且所述刷头41对应于所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21。当所述取种元件20被驱动而于所述取种壳30的所述取种空间31内做相对于所述筛选元件10的转动时，在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的尺寸和一颗种子的尺寸相匹配的情况下，若有两颗以上的种子同时进入所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21，则必然导致至少一颗种子的一部分凸出于所述取种元件20的侧面，此时，在所述取种元件20转动到允许所述刷头41对应于被保持有两颗以上种子的所述保持开孔21时，所述刷头41能够将凸出于所述取种元件20的侧面的种子自所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21中刷掉，以使所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21内最多被保持有一颗种子，如此实现精准取种而降低重播率。
优选地，所述刷头41被设置于所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11的前侧，并且所述刷头41的至少一部分以所述刷头41靠近所述取种壳30的所述取种开口32的方式被保持于所述取种壳30的所述取种空间31，如此能够保证被自所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21刷掉的种子落入所述取种壳30的所述取种空间31，以避免浪费。
进一步地，所述筛种刷40包括一安装杆42，其中所述安装杆42的一个端 部在穿过所述取种元件20的中部后安装于所述筛选元件10，所述刷头41被设置于所述安装杆42的另一个端部，以藉由所述安装杆42使所述刷头41以所述刷头41和所述筛选元件10的相对位置不变的方式被贴合于所述取种元件20的外侧，并且所述刷头41对应于所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21。
可选地，在本发明的所述播种器100的一个具体示例中，所述刷头41被可拆卸地安装于所述安装杆42的端部，如此在所述刷头41磨损后能够更换所述刷头41，以保证所述播种器100的可靠性。可选地，在本发明的所述播种器100的另一个具体示例中，所述安装杆42被可拆卸地安装于所述筛选元件10，如此在所述刷头41磨损后能够更换所述筛种刷40，以保证所述播种器100的可靠性。
优选地，在本发明的所述播种器100中，所述取种元件20被可拆卸，以允许所述取种元件20被可更换，如此通过更换所述取种元件20的方式能够使得所述播种器100适于播种不同作物的种子。值得一提的是，不同作物的种子的尺寸各不相同，为了保证所述取种元件20能够准确地取种而降低重播率，所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的尺寸需要与种子的尺寸相匹配，例如绿豆的种子和花生的种子差异比较大，因此一个所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的尺寸可以与绿豆的种子的尺寸相匹配而使所述取种元件20形成一个绿豆取种元件，另一个所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的尺寸可以与花生的种子的尺寸相匹配而使所述取种元件20形成一个花生取种元件。若需要播种绿豆的种子时，安装绿豆取种元件，以使绿豆取种元件和所述筛选元件10相互配合而对绿豆的种子进行播种作业，相应地，若需要播种花生的种子时，安装花生取种元件，以使花生取种元件和所述筛选元件10相互配合而使对花生的种子进行播种作业。
继续参考附图1A至图5F，所述播种器100进一步包括一控制元件50和被连接于所述控制元件50的一摄像元件60，其中所述摄像元件60被设置朝向所述取种元件20，所述控制元件50用于根据所述摄像元件60拍摄的图像控制所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11于所述连通状态和所述闭合状态之间切换。具体地，在附图1A至图5F示出的所述播种器100的这个具体示例中，所述播种器100进一步包括一阀门70，所述阀门70包括一电磁阀71和被可驱动地连接于所述电磁阀71的一门元件72，其中所述电磁阀71被可控制地连接于所述控制元件50，所述控制元件50能够通过所述电磁阀71控制所述门元件72封闭或打开所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11。优选地，所述门元件72被设置能够 于所述筛选元件10的内侧(所述筛选元件10的朝向所述取种元件20的侧部)封闭或打开所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11，如此能够避免被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的种子基于重力原理落入所述筛选元件10的处于所述闭合状态的所述排废通道11。可以理解的是，当所述控制元件50阻止电能被提供至所述电磁阀71时，所述电磁阀71使所述门元件72被保持在封闭所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11的位置而使所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11处于所述闭合状态，相应地，当所述控制元件50允许电能被提供至所述电磁阀71时，所述电磁阀71改变所述门元件72的位置以打开所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11而使所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11处于所述连通状态。
在本发明的所述播种器100的一个较佳示例中，在所述取种元件20于所述取种壳30的所述取种空间31内取种，并且所述取种元件20的用于保持种子的所述保持开孔21自所述筛种刷40的所述刷头41的下侧转动到上侧之后，所述摄像元件60被设置拍摄所述取种元件20的图像以检测所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的状态，此时所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21具有四种状态：无种状态、废种状态、多种状态以及佳种状态。另外，通过所述摄像元件60拍摄的图像，被播种的种子的数量和被回收的种子的数量均能够被精准计数，以便于统计。
具体地，若根据所述摄像元件60拍摄的图像判断没有种子存在于所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21，则所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21处于无种状态。
若根据所述摄像元件60拍摄的图像判断种子具有缺口、饱满度差等情况而导致种子不适于被播种，则所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21处于废种状态，此时所述控制元件50通过所述电磁阀71驱动所述门元件72改变位置以打开所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11而使所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11自所述闭合状态切换到所述连通状态，如此当所述取种元件20转动到使所述取种元件20的处于废种状态的所述保持开孔21对应于和连通于所述筛选元件10的处于所述连通状态的所述排废通道11时，被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的不适于被播种的种子基于重力原理自动地经所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11被排除，如此能够保证所述播种器100的播种效果。
若根据所述摄像元件60拍摄的图像判断有两颗以上的种子被保持在所述取 种元件20的所述保持开孔21，则所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21处于多种状态，此时所述控制元件50通过所述电磁阀71驱动所述门元件72改变位置以打开所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11而使所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11自所述闭合状态切换到所述连通状态，如此当所述取种元件20转动到使所述取种元件20的处于多种状态的所述保持开孔21对应于和连通于所述筛选元件10的处于所述连通状态的所述排废通道11时，被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的两颗以上的种子基于重力原理自动地经所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11被排除，如此能够降低重播率。
若根据所述摄像元件60拍摄的图像判断种子无缺口、饱满度好等情况而使得种子适于被播种是，则所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21处于佳种状态，此时所述控制元件50阻止电能被提供至所述电磁阀71以使所述门元件72被保持在封闭所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11的位置而使所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11处于所述闭合状态，以避免在所述取种元件20转动到使所述取种元件20的处于佳种状态的所述保持开孔21对应于和连通于所述筛选元件10的处于所述闭合状态的所述排废通道11时，被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的适于被播种的种子基于重力原理自动地经所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11被排除，并且在所述取种元件20转动到使所述取种元件20的处于佳种状态的所述保持开孔21对应于和连通于所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12时，被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的适于被播种的种子基于重力原理自动地经所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12被播种。
进一步地，在本发明的所述播种器100的一个较佳示例中，所述控制元件50被设置用于根据所述摄像元件60拍摄的图像控制所述取种元件20的转速，例如用于驱动所述取种元件20的驱动电机被可控制地连接于所述控制元件50，如此所述控制元件50通过控制所述驱动电机的转速的方式能过控制所述取种元件20的转动，以有利于保证株距。
附图5A至图5F示出了本发明的所述播种器100的应用状态。
参考附图5A，一些种子被允许经所述取种壳30的所述取种开口32落入所述取种壳30的所述取种空间31，并且这些种子被保持在所述取种壳30和所述取种元件20之间。由于所述取种元件20相对于地面倾斜，从而当所述取种元件20被驱动而于所述取种壳30的所述取种空间31内做相对于所述筛选元件10的 转动时，种子会自动地进入所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21而被取种。
参考附图5B，在所述取种壳30的所述取种空间31内，可能会存在两颗以上的种子同时进入所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的情况，随着所述取种元件20转动到允许所述刷头41对应于被保持有两颗以上的种子的所述保持开孔21时，所述刷头41能够将凸出于所述取种元件20的侧面的种子自所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21中刷掉，以使所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21内最多被保持有一颗种子。
为了便于描述和理解，将所述取种元件20的位于所述刷头41的上侧的这些所述保持开孔21依次定义为一第一保持开孔211、一第二保持开孔212、一第三保持开孔213以及一第四保持开孔214，其中所述第一保持开孔211、所述第二保持开孔212、所述第三保持开孔213和所述第四保持开孔214的尺寸和形状均相同，其差别仅在于这些所述保持开孔21的位置不同。所述取种元件20的所述第一保持开孔211存在一个具有缺口的种子，所述取种元件20的所述第二保持开孔212没有存在种子，所述取种元件20的所述第三保持开孔213存在两个种子，所述取种元件20的所述第四保持开孔214存在一个饱满的种子。
参考附图5C，所述摄像元件60拍摄所述取种元件20的所述第一保持开孔211的状态，所述控制元件50能够根据所述摄像元件60拍摄的图像检测存在于所述取种元件20的所述第一保持开孔211的种子不适于被播种而判断所述取种元件20的所述第一保持开孔211处于废种状态。所述控制元件50允许向所述电磁阀71供电而通过所述电磁阀71驱动所述门元件72改变位置以打开所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11而使所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11自所述闭合状态切换到所述连通状态，如此当所述取种元件20转动到使所述取种元件20的所述第一保持开孔211对应于和连通于所述筛选元件10的处于所述连通状态的所述排废通道11时，被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的不适于被播种的种子基于重力原理自动地经所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11被排除，随后所述控制元件50阻止向所述电磁阀71供电而使所述门元件72再次封闭所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11。
参考附图5D，所述摄像元件60拍摄所述取种元件20的所述第二保持开孔212的状态，所述控制元件50能够根据所述摄像元件60拍摄的图像检测没有种子存在于所述第二保持开孔212而判断所述取种元件20的所述第二保持开孔212 处于无种状态。所述控制元件50阻止向所述电磁阀71供电而使所述门元件72保持封闭所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11，即，所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11被保持在所述封闭状态。
参考附图5E，所述摄像元件60拍摄所述取种元件20的所述第三保持开孔213的状态，所述控制元件50能够根据所述摄像元件60拍摄的图像检测存在于所述取种元件20的所述第三保持开孔213的种子是两个以上而判断所述取种元件20的所述第三保持开孔213处于多种状态。所述控制元件50允许向所述电磁阀71供电而通过所述电磁阀71驱动所述门元件72改变位置以打开所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11而使所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11自所述闭合状态切换到所述连通状态，如此当所述取种元件20转动到使所述取种元件20的所述第三保持开孔213对应于和连通于所述筛选元件10的处于所述连通状态的所述排废通道11时，被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的两个以上的种子基于重力原理自动地经所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11被排除，随后所述控制元件50阻止向所述电磁阀71供电而使所述门元件72再次封闭所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11。
参考附图5F，所述摄像元件60拍摄所述取种元件20的所述第四保持开孔214的状态，所述控制元件50能够根据所述摄像元件60拍摄的图像检测存在于所述取种元件20的所述第四保持开孔214的种子适于被播种而判断所述取种元件20的所述第四保持开孔214处于佳种状态，此时所述控制元件50阻止电能被提供至所述电磁阀71以使所述门元件72被保持在封闭所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11的位置而使所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11处于所述闭合状态，以避免在所述取种元件20转动到使所述取种元件20的处于佳种状态的所述第四保持开孔214对应于和连通于所述筛选元件10的处于所述闭合状态的所述排废通道11时，被保持在所述取种元件20的所述第四保持开孔214的适于被播种的种子基于重力原理自动地经所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11被排除，并且在所述取种元件20转动到使所述取种元件20的处于佳种状态的所述第四保持开孔214对应于和连通于所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12时，被保持在所述取种元件20的所述第四保持开孔214的适于被播种的种子基于重力原理自动地经所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12被播种。
另外，所述控制元件50被设置用于根据所述摄像元件60拍摄的图像控制所 述取种元件20的转速，以有利于保证株距。例如，若存在于所述取种元件20的所述第一保持开孔211、所述第二保持开孔212和所述第四保持开孔214种子均适于被播种，而存在于所述取种元件20的所述第三保持开孔213的种子不适于被播种，则当被保持于所述取种元件20的所述第三保持开孔213的不适于被播种的种子经所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11被排除后，所述取种元件20的转速能够被加快，以使自所述取种元件20的所述第二保持开孔212对应于所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12的状态到所述取种元件20的所述第四保持开孔214对应于所述筛选元件10的播种通道12的状态消耗的时间与自所述取种元件20的所述第一保持开孔211对应于所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12的状态到所述取种元件20的所述第二保持开孔212对应于所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12的状态消耗的时间相等，从而有利于保证株距。
依本发明的另外一个方面，本发明进一步提供所述播种器100的播种方法，其中所述播种方法包括如下步骤：
(a)允许所述取种元件20做相对于所述筛选元件10的运动；
(b)检测所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的状态；以及
(c)如果被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的种子不适于被播种，则允许所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11自所述闭合状态切换至所述连通状态，从而在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21对应于和连通于所述筛选元件10的处于所述连通状态的所述排废通道11时，不适于被播种的种子经所述筛选元件10的所述排废通道11被排除，相应地，如果被保持在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21的种子适于被播种，则允许所述筛选元件10保持在所述闭合状态，从而在所述取种元件20的所述保持开孔21对应于和连通于所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12时，适于被播种的种子经所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12被播种。
附图6示出了依本发明的一较佳实施例的一带有播种器的农业机械，其中所述农业机械包括一机械本体200和被设置于所述机械本体200的所述播种器100，其中在所述机械本体200带动所述播种器100行走时完成播种。具体地，所述机械本体200包括一机械主体201和被设置于所述机械主体201的一插脚组件202，其中所述播种器100的所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12对应于所述插脚组件202。当所述机械主体201行走且驱动所述插脚组件202的插脚间歇性地插入到 泥土中时，所述播种器100的所述筛选元件10和所述取种元件20相互配合而使种子自所述筛选元件10的所述播种通道12进入所述插脚组件202而完成播种。
本领域的技术人员可以理解的是，以上实施例仅为举例，其中不同实施例的特征可以相互组合，以得到根据本发明揭露的内容很容易想到但是在附图中没有明确指出的实施方式。
本领域的技术人员应理解，上述描述及附图中所示的本发明的实施例只作为举例而并不限制本发明。本发明的目的已经完整并有效地实现。本发明的功能及结构原理已在实施例中展示和说明，在没有背离所述原理下，本发明的实施方式可以有任何变形或修改。
Claims (20)
- 一播种器，其特征在于，包括：一筛选元件，其中所述筛选元件具有一排废通道和一播种通道，所述筛选元件的所述排废通道具有一连通状态和一闭合状态，并且所述筛选元件的所述排废通道被设置能够在所述连通状态和所述闭合状态之间切换；和一取种元件，其中所述取种元件具有多个保持开孔，其中所述取种元件被设置能够做相对于所述筛选元件的转动，以使所述取种元件的所述保持开孔能够连通于所述筛选元件的所述排废通道或所述播种通道，其中当所述取种元件的所述保持开孔连通于所述筛选元件的处于所述连通状态的所述排废通道时，被保持于所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子经所述筛选元件的所述排废通道被排除，当所述取种元件的所述保持开孔连通于所述筛选元件的所述播种通道时，被保持于所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子经所述筛选元件的所述播种通道被播种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的播种器，其中所述筛选元件和所述取种元件均呈圆盘状，其中所述筛选元件的所述排废通道和所述播种通道均以贯穿所述筛选元件的相对两侧的方式被设置于所述筛选元件的外侧，其中所述取种元件的多个所述保持开孔以被相互间隔和贯穿所述取种元件的相对两侧的方式被设置于所述取种元件的外侧，其中所述取种元件的旋转轴穿过所述筛选元件的中部，以在所述取种元件被驱动做相对于所述筛选元件的转动时，所述取种元件的所述保持开孔能够连通于所述筛选元件的所述排废通道或所述播种通道。
- 根据权利要求2所述的播种器，其中所述筛选元件的所述排废通道和所述播种通道相邻，并且所述排废通道位于所述播种通道的前侧。
- 根据权利要求2所述的播种器，其中所述筛选元件和所述取种元件被设置相对于地面倾斜，并且所述筛选元件位于所述取种元件的侧下方，如此允许被保持在所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子基于重力原理自动地进入所述筛选元件的所述排废通道或所述播种通道。
- 根据权利要求3所述的播种器，其中所述筛选元件和所述取种元件被设置相对于地面倾斜，并且所述筛选元件位于所述取种元件的侧下方，如此允许被保持在所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子基于重力原理自动地进入所述筛选元件的所述排废通道或所述播种通道。
- 根据权利要求5所述的播种器，进一步包括一取种壳，所述取种壳具有一取种空间和连通于所述取种空间的一取种开口，其中所述筛选元件的下部和所述取种元件的下部经所述取种壳的所述取种开口延伸至和被保持在所述取种壳的所述取种空间，并且所述取种壳的用于形成所述取种空间的内壁的形状和所述取种元件的形状相匹配。
- 根据权利要求6所述的播种器，进一步包括一筛种刷，所述筛种刷包括一刷头，所述刷头被设置以所述刷头和所述筛选元件的相对位置不变的方式被贴合于所述取种元件的外侧，并且所述刷头对应于所述取种元件的所述保持开孔。
- 根据权利要求7所述的播种器，其中所述刷头被设置于所述筛选元件的所述排废通道的前侧，并且所述刷头的至少一部分以所述刷头靠近所述取种壳的所述取种开口的方式被保持于所述取种壳的所述取种空间。
- 根据权利要求1至8中任一所述的播种器，其中所述取种元件被可拆卸，以允许所述取种元件被可更换。
- 根据权利要求1至8中任一所述的播种器，进一步包括一控制元件和被连接于所述控制元件的一摄像元件，所述摄像元件被设置朝向所述取种元件，所述控制元件被设置用于根据所述摄像元件拍摄的图像控制所述筛选元件的所述排废通道于所述连通状态和所述闭合状态之间切换。
- 根据权利要求1至8中任一所述的播种器，进一步包括一控制元件和被连接于所述控制元件的一摄像元件，所述摄像元件被设置朝向所述取种元件，所述控制元件被设置用于根据所述摄像元件拍摄的图像控制所述取种元件的转速。
- 根据权利要求10所述的播种器，其中所述控制元件被设置用于根据所述摄像元件拍摄的图像控制所述取种元件的转速。
- 一带有播种器的农业机械，其特征在于，包括：一机械本体；和根据权利要求1至12中任一所述的播种器，其中所述播种器被设置于所述机械本体。
- 一播种器的播种方法，其特征在于，所述播种方法包括如下步骤：(a)允许一取种元件做相对于一筛选元件的运动；(b)检测所述取种元件的一保持开孔的状态；以及(c)如果被保持在所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子不适于被播种，则 允许所述筛选元件的一排废通道自一闭合状态切换至一连通状态，从而在所述取种元件的所述保持开孔对应于和连通于所述筛选元件的处于所述连通状态的所述排废通道时，不适于被播种的种子经所述筛选元件的所述排废通道被排除，相应地，如果被保持在所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子适于被播种，则允许所述筛选元件保持在所述闭合状态，从而在所述取种元件的所述保持开孔对应于和连通于所述筛选元件的一播种通道时，适于被播种的种子经所述筛选元件的所述播种通道被播种。
- 根据权利要求14所述的播种方法，其中在所述步骤(c)中，在不适于被播种的种子经所述筛选元件的所述排废通道被排除后，加快所述取种元件相对于所述筛选元件的速度。
- 根据权利要求14所述的播种方法，进一步包括步骤：(d)如果所述取种元件的所述保持开孔没有存在种子，则加快所述取种元件相对于所述筛选元件的速度。
- 根据权利要求14所述的播种方法，其中在所述步骤(b)中，通过一摄像元件拍摄所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的图像的方式，检测被保持在所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子是否适于被播种。
- 根据权利要求16所述的播种方法，其中在所述步骤(b)中，通过一摄像元件拍摄所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的图像的方式，检测所述取种元件的所述保持开孔是否存在种子。
- 根据权利要求14所述的播种方法，其中在所述步骤(a)中，所述取种元件和所述筛选元件均呈圆盘状，其中所述取种元件被允许做相对于所述筛选元件的转动。
- 根据权利要求19所述的播种方法，其中在上述方法中，以所述筛选元件位于所述取种元件的侧下方的方式使所述筛选元件和所述取种元件相对于地面倾斜，如此允许被保持在所述取种元件的所述保持开孔的种子基于重力原理自动地进入所述筛选元件的所述排废通道或所述播种通道。
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