WO2021196793A1 - 主轴拉刀机构 - Google Patents

主轴拉刀机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021196793A1
WO2021196793A1 PCT/CN2020/141737 CN2020141737W WO2021196793A1 WO 2021196793 A1 WO2021196793 A1 WO 2021196793A1 CN 2020141737 W CN2020141737 W CN 2020141737W WO 2021196793 A1 WO2021196793 A1 WO 2021196793A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pull rod
spring
spindle
spiral winding
shaft core
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PCT/CN2020/141737
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
任明磊
麦光悦
黎训学
陈德林
汤秀清
Original Assignee
广州市昊志机电股份有限公司
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Application filed by 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 filed Critical 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司
Publication of WO2021196793A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021196793A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/12—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for securing to a spindle in general

Definitions

  • This application relates to a spindle device of a machining center, for example, to a spindle broach mechanism.
  • the spindle broaching mechanism is used in the spindle punching device, which is mainly composed of pull rods, springs, and claw components.
  • the pull rod seat is forced to push the pull rod to move, and the spring is compressed during the process, and the pull claw assembly moves under the pull of the rod while being opened by the shaft core structure to realize the tool release; in the process of pulling the tool, the pull rod returns to the spring Under the action of force, it moves in the opposite direction, and at the same time drives the pull claw assembly to move in the opposite direction, and is closed by the action of the shaft core structure to realize the broach.
  • the spring when the spindle is loosening the broach, the spring will be repeatedly compressed and deformed, which can easily cause abnormalities such as excessive spindle unbalance and excessive spindle vibration values; during the compression process of the spring, different parts of the spring will expand outward to varying degrees. In turn, the quality of the spring is misaligned, which causes the vibration of the spindle to deteriorate after the broach is loosened, and the operation is unstable.
  • the present application provides a spindle broaching mechanism, which can restrict the spring from expanding outward during the process of loosening the broach, avoiding misalignment of the spring quality, avoiding bending during the movement of the tie rod assembly, and effectively reducing the unbalance change after the spindle is loosened. It can reduce the vibration of the spindle and improve the stability and vibration resistance of the spindle.
  • a spindle broaching mechanism includes a shaft core, a pull rod assembly, and a pull claw assembly.
  • the pull rod assembly is located in the inner hole of the shaft core.
  • the lower end of the pull rod assembly is connected with the pull claw assembly;
  • the pull rod assembly includes a pull rod and a spring,
  • the spring is sleeved on the pull rod, and the spring is over-fitted with the shaft core, so that the outer circular surface of the spring is closely matched with the inner circular surface of the inner hole of the shaft core.
  • the tie rod assembly further includes a tie rod seat, the tie rod seat is fixed to the upper end of the tie rod, and the tie rod seat is in clearance fit with the shaft core.
  • the pull rod assembly further includes a first guide ring, a first annular groove is provided on the pull rod seat, and the first guide ring is installed in the first annular groove to serve as a guide for matching with the shaft core. effect.
  • tie rod seat and the tie rod are connected by threads.
  • the draw rod assembly further includes a spring pad, the spring pad is located below the draw rod seat, the spring pad is in clearance fit with the draw rod, and the spring is located between the draw rod seat and the spring pad.
  • the pull rod assembly further includes a second guide ring, a second annular groove is provided on the lower end of the pull rod, and the second guide ring is installed in the second annular groove to cooperate with the shaft core. Guiding role.
  • the spring is a double-wound spring.
  • the double-wound spring includes a first spiral winding, a second spiral winding, and a buffer layer, and the buffer layer is uniformly distributed on the first spiral winding and the second spiral winding, respectively.
  • the first spiral winding and the second spiral winding are wound together in a detachable manner.
  • the double-wound spring is a flocked double-wound spring
  • the buffer layer is fluff rooted on the surfaces of the first spiral winding and the second spiral winding
  • the buffer layer is a tape wound on the surfaces of the first spiral winding and the second spiral winding;
  • the buffer layer is a plastic ring sleeved on the surfaces of the first spiral winding and the second spiral winding;
  • the buffer layer is a resin glue coated on the surfaces of the first spiral winding and the second spiral winding.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the application
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of A in this application.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • they can be fixedly connected or detachably connected. Or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection between two components.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • they can be fixedly connected or detachably connected. Or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection between two components.
  • the pull rod assembly includes a pull rod 2 and a spring.
  • the spring is sleeved on the pull rod 2, and the spring is over-fitted with the shaft core 5, so that the outer circular surface 301 of the spring and the inner circular surface 501 of the inner hole of the shaft core 5 are closely matched.
  • the spindle broach mechanism of the present application includes a shaft core 5, a pull rod assembly, and a pull claw assembly 7.
  • the pull rod assembly includes a pull rod 2 and a spring. The spring is sleeved on the pull rod 2.
  • the spring and The shaft core 5 is over-fit, even if the outer circular surface 301 of the spring is closely matched with the inner circular surface 501 of the inner hole of the shaft core 5, so that the spindle broach mechanism of the present application includes a spring outer circular guiding structure, and then the broaching process
  • the medium energy restricts the spring from expanding outward to avoid misalignment of spring quality;
  • the tie rod assembly relies on the outer circular surface 301 of the spring as a guide to complete the loosening of the broach in the inner hole of the shaft core 5, avoiding bending during the movement of the tie rod assembly, which is effective Reduce the amount of unbalance change after the spindle is loosened and broached, reduce the spindle vibration, and improve the stability and vibration resistance of the spindle.
  • the tie rod assembly further includes a tie rod seat 1, the tie rod seat 1 is fixed to the upper end of the tie rod 2, and the tie rod seat 1 and the shaft core 5 are in clearance fit.
  • the tie rod assembly further includes a first guide ring 6, a first annular groove is provided on the tie rod seat 1, and the first guide ring 6 is installed in the first annular groove to play a guiding role in cooperation with the shaft core 5. .
  • tie rod seat 1 and the tie rod 2 are connected by threads.
  • the pull rod assembly further includes a spring pad 4, the spring pad 4 is located below the pull rod seat 1, the spring pad 4 is in clearance fit with the pull rod 2, and the spring is located between the pull rod seat 1 and the spring pad 4. The two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the tie rod seat 1 and the spring pad 4.
  • the tie rod assembly further includes a second guide ring 8, a second annular groove is provided on the lower end of the tie rod 2, and the second guide ring 8 is installed in the second annular groove to play a guiding role in cooperation with the shaft core 5. .
  • first guide ring 6 and the second guide ring 8 are both O-rings.
  • the pull claw assembly 7 and the pull rod 2 are connected by threads, and the pull claw assembly 7 can be opened or closed under the restriction of the inner hole structure of the shaft core 5 to realize the loosening of the broach.
  • the stability of factors such as the fit of the tie rod and the spring, the structural size and elastic force of the spring, and the coordination of the spring and the shaft core will affect the stability of the spindle loosening the broach; the stability of the above factors will change The difference will cause abnormal vibration of the spindle loosening the broach, insufficient broaching force and other abnormalities, which will affect the service life of the spindle.
  • the spring is a double-wound spring.
  • the double-wound spring includes a first spiral winding, a second spiral winding, and a buffer layer.
  • the buffer layer is respectively uniformly distributed on the first spiral winding and the second spiral winding.
  • the second spiral turns are wound in a detachable manner.
  • the spring and the pull rod 2 are located in the shaft core 5.
  • the buffer layer helps to avoid the internal oscillation of the shaft core 5 to achieve noise reduction and noise reduction. Purpose.
  • the double-wound spring is the flocked double-wound spring 3
  • the buffer layer is the fluff rooted on the surfaces of the first and second spiral windings.
  • the buffer layer can also be a tape wound on the surface of the first spiral winding and the second spiral winding; or, the buffer layer is a plastic ring sheathed on the surface of the first spiral winding and the second spiral winding. Or, the buffer layer is resin glue coated on the surface of the first spiral winding and the second spiral winding.
  • the working process of the broaching mechanism is as follows: in the process of spindle tool release, the tie rod seat 1 moves under the action of the spindle tooling device to push the tie rod 2 to move, and the flocking double-wound spring 3 is compressed during the process, and the claw assembly 7 is in The pull rod 2 drives the downward movement while being opened by the structure of the shaft core 5 to realize the release of the knife; in the process of broaching, the pull rod 2 moves in the opposite direction under the action of the flocking double-wound spring 3 and at the same time drives the pull claw assembly 7 in the opposite direction Movement, the claw assembly 7 is closed by the structure of the shaft core 5 to realize a broach.
  • the outer circular surface 301 of the flocking double-wound spring 3 and the inner circular surface 501 of the inner hole of the shaft core 5 are always in close contact with each other, restricting the outward expansion of the flocking double-wound spring 3
  • the pull rod assembly relies on the outer circular surface 301 of the flocking double-wound spring 3 as a guide to complete the loosening of the broach in the inner hole of the shaft core 5, avoiding bending during the movement of the rod assembly, and effectively reducing the pull rod assembly after the loosening of the broach
  • the change of the center of mass is beneficial to reduce the dynamic unbalance change during the operation of the main shaft, and improve the stability and vibration resistance of the main shaft.
  • the spindle equipped with the broaching mechanism is used to carry out the spindle tool impact dynamic balance detection test:
  • the outer circular surface 301 of the flocking double-wound spring 3 in the broaching mechanism closely fits the inner circular surface 501 of the inner hole of the shaft core 5, and the friction force during the assembly process is 50-200N.
  • Test purpose to test the dynamic unbalance change of the spindle after the impact of the broaching mechanism
  • step b Repeat the above step b three times, and record the relevant data
  • the spindle broach mechanism of the present application includes a shaft core, a pull rod assembly, and a pull claw assembly.
  • the pull rod assembly includes a pull rod and a spring.
  • the spring is sleeved on the pull rod. It is closely matched with the inner circular surface of the inner hole of the shaft core, so that the main shaft broach mechanism of the present application includes a spring outer circular guiding structure, which can restrict the spring from expanding outward during the process of loosening the broach, and prevent the spring from being misaligned;
  • the component relies on the outer circular surface of the spring as a guide to complete the broaching action in the inner hole of the shaft core to avoid bending during the movement of the tie rod assembly, which can effectively reduce the amount of unbalance change after the spindle is loosened, reduce the vibration of the spindle, and increase the spindle Operational stability and vibration resistance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling, Broaching, Filing, Reaming, And Others (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种主轴拉刀机构，包括轴芯（5）、拉杆组件和拉爪组件（7），拉杆组件位于轴芯（5）内孔中，拉杆组件的下端与拉爪组件（7）连接；拉杆组件包括拉杆（2）和弹簧，弹簧套接于拉杆（2），弹簧与轴芯（5）过度配合，使弹簧的外圆面与轴芯（5）内孔的内圆面紧密配合。该主轴拉刀机构含有弹簧外圆导向结构，进而在松拉刀过程中能限制弹簧向外扩张，避免弹簧质量不对中，避免拉杆组件移动过程中发生弯转，可有效降低主轴松拉刀后不平衡变化量，降低主轴振动，提高主轴运转稳定性及抗振性。

Description

主轴拉刀机构
本公开要求在2020年04月02日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010254219.X的中国专利申请的优先权，以上申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本申请涉及加工中心主轴设备，例如涉及一种主轴拉刀机构。
背景技术
主轴拉刀机构用于主轴打刀装置，主要由拉杆、弹簧、拉爪组件等零件组成。主轴松刀过程中，拉杆座受力推动拉杆运动，过程中压缩弹簧，拉爪组件在拉杆带动下运动同时受轴芯结构作用而张开，实现松刀；拉刀过程中，拉杆在弹簧回复力作用下反方向运动，同时带动拉爪组件反方向运动，受轴芯结构作用而闭合，实现拉刀。
但是，主轴在松拉刀过程中，弹簧会出现反复压缩变形，易引起主轴不平衡变化量过大，主轴振动值超差等异常；弹簧在压缩过程中，不同部位会不同程度向外扩张，进而导致弹簧质量不对中，引起主轴松拉刀后振动变差，运转不稳定。
发明内容
本申请提供一种主轴拉刀机构，能够在松拉刀过程中限制弹簧向外扩张，避免弹簧质量不对中，避免拉杆组件移动过程中发生弯转，可有效降低主轴松拉刀后不平衡变化量，降低主轴振动，提高主轴运转稳定性及抗振性。
本申请采用如下技术方案实现：
一种主轴拉刀机构，包括轴芯、拉杆组件和拉爪组件，所述拉杆组件位于 轴芯内孔中，所述拉杆组件的下端与拉爪组件连接；所述拉杆组件包括拉杆和弹簧，所述弹簧套接于所述拉杆，所述弹簧与轴芯过度配合，使所述弹簧的外圆面与轴芯内孔的内圆面紧密配合。
在一实施例中，所述拉杆与弹簧之间具有间隙。
在一实施例中，所述拉杆组件还包括拉杆座，所述拉杆座固接于拉杆的上端，所述拉杆座与轴芯间隙配合。
在一实施例中，所述拉杆组件还包括第一导向环，所述拉杆座上设有第一环形槽，所述第一导向环安装于第一环形槽，起到与轴芯配合的导向作用。
在一实施例中，所述拉杆座与拉杆之间通过螺纹连接。
在一实施例中，所述拉杆组件还包括弹簧垫块，所述弹簧垫块位于拉杆座下方，所述弹簧垫块与拉杆间隙配合，所述弹簧位于拉杆座和弹簧垫块之间。
在一实施例中，所述拉杆组件还包括第二导向环，所述拉杆的下端上设有第二环形槽，所述第二导向环安装于第二环形槽，起到与轴芯配合的导向作用。
在一实施例中，所述弹簧为双绕弹簧。
在一实施例中，所述双绕弹簧包括第一螺旋绕圈、第二螺旋绕圈和缓冲层，所述缓冲层分别均布于第一螺旋绕圈和第二螺旋绕圈上，所述第一螺旋绕圈和第二螺旋绕圈之间通过可拆卸的方式并绕。
在一实施例中，所述双绕弹簧为植绒双绕弹簧，所述缓冲层为植根于第一螺旋绕圈、第二螺旋绕圈表面的绒毛；
或者是，所述缓冲层为绕设于第一螺旋绕圈、第二螺旋绕圈表面的胶布；
或者是，所述缓冲层为套设在第一螺旋绕圈、第二螺旋绕圈表面的塑料环；
或者是，所述缓冲层为涂设在第一螺旋绕圈、第二螺旋绕圈表面的树脂胶。
附图说明
图1为本申请的剖视结构示意图；
图2为本申请中A的结构放大示意图；
图中：1、拉杆座；2、拉杆；3、植绒双绕弹簧；301、外圆面；4、弹簧垫块；5、轴芯；501、内圆面；6、第一导向环；7、拉爪组件；8、第二导向环。
具体实施方式
下面，结合附图以及具体实施方式，对本申请做进一步描述，需要说明的是，在不相冲突的前提下，以下描述的各实施例之间或各技术特征之间可以任意组合形成新的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“水平”、“竖直”、“顶”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接连接，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，或是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据情况理解上述术语在本申请中的含义。
如图1及图2所示的一种主轴拉刀机构，包括轴芯5、拉杆组件和拉爪组件7，拉杆组件位于轴芯5内孔中，拉杆组件的下端与拉爪组件7连接；拉杆组件包括拉杆2和弹簧，弹簧套接于拉杆2，弹簧与轴芯5过度配合，使弹簧的外圆 面301与轴芯5内孔的内圆面501紧密配合。
在上述结构的基础上，本申请主轴拉刀机构包括轴芯5、拉杆组件和拉爪组件7，其中，拉杆组件包括拉杆2和弹簧，弹簧套接于拉杆2，需要强调的是，弹簧与轴芯5过度配合，即使弹簧的外圆面301与轴芯5内孔的内圆面501紧密配合，如此，便使本申请主轴拉刀机构含有弹簧外圆导向结构，进而在松拉刀过程中能限制弹簧向外扩张，避免弹簧质量不对中；拉杆组件依靠弹簧的外圆面301作为导向在轴芯5内孔中完成松拉刀动作，避免拉杆组件移动过程中发生弯转，可有效降低主轴松拉刀后不平衡变化量，降低主轴振动，提高主轴运转稳定性及抗振性。
作为本实施例中一种可选的实施方式，拉杆2与弹簧之间具有一定间隙，进而在打刀冲击过程中，两者不接触。
需要说明的是，拉杆组件还包括拉杆座1，拉杆座1固接于拉杆2的上端，拉杆座1与轴芯5间隙配合。
作为可选的实施方式，拉杆组件还包括第一导向环6，拉杆座1上设有第一环形槽，第一导向环6安装于第一环形槽，起到与轴芯5配合的导向作用。
值得一提的是，拉杆座1与拉杆2之间通过螺纹连接。
在一实施例中，拉杆组件还包括弹簧垫块4，弹簧垫块4位于拉杆座1下方，弹簧垫块4与拉杆2间隙配合，弹簧位于拉杆座1和弹簧垫块4之间，弹簧的两端分别固接于拉杆座1、弹簧垫块4。
在一实施例中，拉杆组件还包括第二导向环8，拉杆2的下端上设有第二环形槽，第二导向环8安装于第二环形槽，起到与轴芯5配合的导向作用。
可选地，第一导向环6、第二导向环8均为O形圈。
作为可选的实施方式，拉爪组件7与拉杆2之间通过螺纹连接，拉爪组件7 受轴芯5内孔结构限制可以张开或闭合，实现松拉刀。
相关技术的主轴松拉刀过程中，拉杆与弹簧的配合、弹簧的结构尺寸及弹力、弹簧与轴芯的配合等因素的稳定性均会影响主轴松拉刀稳定性；以上因素的稳定性变差均会导致主轴松拉刀出现振动异响、拉刀力不足等异常，进而影响主轴的使用寿命。在本实施例中，弹簧为双绕弹簧。
在一实施例中，双绕弹簧包括第一螺旋绕圈、第二螺旋绕圈和缓冲层，缓冲层分别均布于第一螺旋绕圈和第二螺旋绕圈上，第一螺旋绕圈和第二螺旋绕圈之间通过可拆卸的方式并绕。这样，弹簧和拉杆2位于轴芯5内，通过在第一螺旋绕圈和第二螺旋绕圈上分别设缓冲层，缓冲层有助于避免轴芯5内部产生振荡，以达到消音降噪的目的。
在一实施例中，双绕弹簧为植绒双绕弹簧3，缓冲层为植根于第一螺旋绕圈、第二螺旋绕圈表面的绒毛，摩擦力小，能够有效的避免弹簧因压缩碰撞导致振动发出异响，可解决弹簧与拉杆或轴芯发生磨损等问题，在长期打刀冲击后，拉刀力稳定，打刀无异响，有利于提高主轴工作稳定性，延长其使用寿命。
当然，缓冲层还可以是绕设于第一螺旋绕圈、第二螺旋绕圈表面的胶布；或者是，该缓冲层为套设在第一螺旋绕圈、第二螺旋绕圈表面的塑料环；或者是，此缓冲层为涂设在第一螺旋绕圈、第二螺旋绕圈表面的树脂胶等。
由此，该拉刀机构的工作过程为：主轴松刀过程中，拉杆座1在主轴打刀装置作用下移动，推动拉杆2运动，过程中压缩植绒双绕弹簧3，拉爪组件7在拉杆2带动下运动同时受轴芯5结构作用而张开，实现松刀；拉刀过程中，拉杆2在植绒双绕弹簧3回复力作用下反方向运动，同时带动拉爪组件7反方向运动，拉爪组件7受轴芯5结构作用而闭合，实现拉刀。
综上，上述拉刀机构在松拉刀过程中，植绒双绕弹簧3的外圆面301与轴 芯5内孔的内圆面501始终紧贴，限制植绒双绕弹簧3向外扩张，同时拉杆组件依靠植绒双绕弹簧3的外圆面301作为导向在轴芯5内孔中完成松拉刀动作，避免拉杆组件移动过程中发生弯转，可有效降低松拉刀后拉杆组件质心变化，有利于降低主轴运转过程中动不平衡变化量，提高主轴运转的稳定性及抗振性。
为证明本申请拉刀机构对改善主轴运转稳定性及抗振性的作用，用装有该拉刀机构的主轴进行主轴打刀冲击动平衡检测试验：
其中，拉刀机构中植绒双绕弹簧3的外圆面301与轴芯5内孔的内圆面501紧密贴合，组装过程中摩擦力为50～200N，拉刀机构装入主轴后，进行主轴打刀冲击动平衡检测试验。
(1)试验目的：测试拉刀机构打刀冲击后，主轴动不平衡变化量；
(2)试验过程：
a.将装有上述拉刀机构的主轴放置在实验台上，检测主轴在8000rpm转速下前后端初始动不平衡量，并调试到50mg以内，并记录相关数据；
b.主轴打刀冲击100次后，分别检测在无刀及拉刀状态下动不平衡量，并记录相关数据；
c.重复上述b步骤三次，并记录相关数据；
(3)测试条件及记录：
Figure PCTCN2020141737-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020141737-appb-000002
检测结果:
Figure PCTCN2020141737-appb-000003
(4)测试结论：该拉刀机构经过打刀冲击后，主轴在无刀及拉刀状态下动不平衡变化量不大于200mg，在8000rpm转速下振动O-P值均低于1.0mm/s。
上述试验表明本申请拉刀机构在主轴松拉刀后质心稳定，对主轴动不平衡 变化影响小，有利于提高主轴运转稳定性及抗振性。
本申请主轴拉刀机构包括轴芯、拉杆组件和拉爪组件，其中，拉杆组件包括拉杆和弹簧，弹簧套接于拉杆，需要强调的是，弹簧与轴芯过度配合，即使弹簧的外圆面与轴芯内孔的内圆面紧密配合，如此，便使本申请主轴拉刀机构含有弹簧外圆导向结构，进而在松拉刀过程中能限制弹簧向外扩张，避免弹簧质量不对中；拉杆组件依靠弹簧的外圆面作为导向在轴芯内孔中完成松拉刀动作，避免拉杆组件移动过程中发生弯转，可有效降低主轴松拉刀后不平衡变化量，降低主轴振动，提高主轴运转稳定性及抗振性。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种主轴拉刀机构，包括轴芯、拉杆组件和拉爪组件，所述拉杆组件位于轴芯内孔中，所述拉杆组件的下端与拉爪组件连接；所述拉杆组件包括拉杆和弹簧，所述弹簧套接于所述拉杆，所述弹簧与轴芯过度配合，使所述弹簧的外圆面与轴芯内孔的内圆面紧密配合。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的主轴拉刀机构，其中，所述拉杆与弹簧之间具有间隙。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的主轴拉刀机构，其中，所述拉杆组件还包括拉杆座，所述拉杆座固接于拉杆的上端，所述拉杆座与轴芯间隙配合。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的主轴拉刀机构，其中，所述拉杆组件还包括第一导向环，所述拉杆座上设有第一环形槽，所述第一导向环安装于第一环形槽，起到与轴芯配合的导向作用。
  5. 如权利要求3或4所述的主轴拉刀机构，其中，所述拉杆座与拉杆之间通过螺纹连接。
  6. 如权利要求3或4所述的主轴拉刀机构，其中，所述拉杆组件还包括弹簧垫块，所述弹簧垫块位于拉杆座下方，所述弹簧垫块与拉杆间隙配合，所述弹簧位于拉杆座和弹簧垫块之间。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的主轴拉刀机构，其中，所述拉杆组件还包括第二导向环，所述拉杆的下端上设有第二环形槽，所述第二导向环安装于第二环形槽，起到与轴芯配合的导向作用。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的主轴拉刀机构，其中，所述弹簧为双绕弹簧。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的主轴拉刀机构，其中，所述双绕弹簧包括第一螺旋绕圈、第二螺旋绕圈和缓冲层，所述缓冲层分别均布于第一螺旋绕圈和第二螺旋绕圈上，所述第一螺旋绕圈和第二螺旋绕圈之间通过可拆卸的方式并绕。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的主轴拉刀机构，其中，所述双绕弹簧为植绒双绕弹簧，所述缓冲层为植根于第一螺旋绕圈、第二螺旋绕圈表面的绒毛；
    或者是，所述缓冲层为绕设于第一螺旋绕圈、第二螺旋绕圈表面的胶布；
    或者是，所述缓冲层为套设在第一螺旋绕圈、第二螺旋绕圈表面的塑料环；
    或者是，所述缓冲层为涂设在第一螺旋绕圈、第二螺旋绕圈表面的树脂胶。
PCT/CN2020/141737 2020-04-02 2020-12-30 主轴拉刀机构 WO2021196793A1 (zh)

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