WO2021196754A1 - 一种热喷涂随动冷却装置 - Google Patents

一种热喷涂随动冷却装置 Download PDF

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WO2021196754A1
WO2021196754A1 PCT/CN2020/137237 CN2020137237W WO2021196754A1 WO 2021196754 A1 WO2021196754 A1 WO 2021196754A1 CN 2020137237 W CN2020137237 W CN 2020137237W WO 2021196754 A1 WO2021196754 A1 WO 2021196754A1
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thermal spraying
cooling device
follow
cooling
disc
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PCT/CN2020/137237
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李燕乐
鹿海洋
李方义
冉学举
李剑峰
杜际雨
张兴艺
戚小霞
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山东大学
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Publication of WO2021196754A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021196754A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18—After-treatment

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of surface engineering, in particular to a thermal spraying follow-up cooling device.
  • Thermal spraying is a surface strengthening technology that can be used to prepare surface functional coatings or achieve size recovery.
  • the high heat input of thermal spraying makes the temperature of the sprayed surface rise quickly, and the operation process requires multiple shutdowns to cool down.
  • the cooling time is often several times the working time, and the working efficiency is low and the standby cost is high.
  • intermittent spraying causes obvious delamination inside the coating, which affects the quality and service performance of the coating.
  • the existing thermal spray cooling device uses wind or cooling liquid as the cooling medium, mainly fixed special devices, and is suitable for on-line cooling of large-volume, small-variety parts spraying.
  • the preparation process of the fixed special device is complicated and the cost is high, and it is difficult to realize on-line cooling.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide a thermal spraying follow-up cooling device.
  • the device uses compressed air as the cooling medium to achieve online cooling with the movement of the spray gun, and the cooling gas flow field can be adjusted and reduced. Interference to the working gas flow field of thermal spraying, and regularly measuring the spraying surface temperature to feedback and control the cooling air flow, which can realize the on-line cooling of the sprayed surface of large and complex parts and the closed-loop temperature control.
  • the device includes a refrigeration dryer, an infrared thermometer, a single-chip microcomputer, an electric regulating valve, a trachea family and a hose, as shown in Figure 1.
  • a thermal spraying follow-up cooling device which includes: an air source, a gas pipe group, a processor, a temperature measuring device, and a flow control valve;
  • the gas pipe group includes a branching plate, an angle adjusting plate,
  • the manifold disc and the angle adjustment disc are both porous orifice plates, a central hole is arranged at the center of the porous orifice plate, and a plurality of through holes are arranged circumferentially around the central hole; among the manifold disc and the angle adjustment disc
  • An air pipe is arranged between the air pipe and the air pipe is connected with the flow control valve and the air source in sequence, and the flow control valve is also connected with the processor and the temperature measuring device.
  • the fixed cooling device that uses wind or coolant as the cooling medium acts on the back of the sprayed surface, and does not directly act on the sprayed surface, so the cooling effect is not good, and it cannot meet the spraying needs of large and complex parts of multiple varieties and small batches.
  • the research of the present invention found that the reciprocating speed of the spray gun is relatively fast during the thermal spraying process. Therefore, by setting the air pipe group around the spray gun, the spraying operation speed is not affected, and the symmetrical cooling gas flow field formed by the air pipe group can be directly used.
  • On-line cooling of the sprayed surface has good cooling effect and little interference to the working gas flow field of thermal spraying; in addition, the research also found that the workpiece has been preheated before thermal spraying, and the instant cooling of the workpiece before spraying will not affect subsequent spraying The effect can meet the spraying needs of a variety of large and complex parts.
  • a thermal spraying follow-up cooling device proposed by the present invention, which moves with the spray gun to cool down the sprayed surface in real time, so as to meet the requirements of on-line cooling of the workpiece;
  • the present invention adopts temperature closed-loop control to ensure stable regulation and control of the spraying surface temperature, can realize continuous spraying operations, and improve operation efficiency and coating quality;
  • the angle between the air pipe and the axial direction of the spray gun of the present invention can be adjusted, and the end of the air pipe is in a certain arc, which maximizes the cooling effect without affecting the flow field of the thermal spraying working gas.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a follow-up cooling device for thermal spraying
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the temperature control closed loop
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the air pipe family and the spray gun
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a single bronchus
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the sub-panel
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an angle adjustment plate
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the guide sleeve.
  • the existing thermal spray cooling devices for parts are mainly fixed special devices, which are suitable for large-scale, small-variety operations.
  • the preparation process of the fixed special device is complicated and the cost is high, and it is difficult to realize on-line cooling.
  • the invention provides a thermal spraying follow-up cooling device, which uses compressed air to cool the sprayed surface, which can realize the online cooling of the thermal spraying on the surface of large and complex parts, and the sprayed surface temperature is real-time controllable.
  • the compressed air is general industrial compressed air
  • the compressed air is processed for oil removal, water removal and impurity removal
  • the refrigeration dryer is general industrial equipment
  • the infrared thermometer, the single-chip microcomputer and the electric regulating valve form a temperature control closed loop.
  • the infrared thermometer measures the temperature of the sprayed surface and feeds it back to the single-chip microcomputer to control the opening of the electric regulating valve, thereby controlling the compressed air
  • the flow rate can further control the temperature of the sprayed surface, as shown in Figure 2;
  • the single-chip microcomputer periodically sends temperature measurement instructions to drive the infrared thermometer to perform temperature measurement actions. Then, the single-chip microcomputer receives the temperature data from the infrared thermometer, determines the relationship between the current temperature and the set temperature threshold, and sends instructions to increase, decrease or maintain the flow rate, drive the electric control valve, and adjust the opening size;
  • the trachea family includes a manifold disk, a flexible tube, a trachea, an angle adjustment disk, and a tapered guide sleeve.
  • the air pipe is connected to the manifold disc through a flexible tube, and is fixed by the tapered guide sleeve on the angle adjustment disc; the manifold disc and the angle adjustment disc can move along the axial direction of the spray gun, adjust the angle between the air pipe and the axial direction of the spray gun, and then adjust the flow field of the cooling air , Under the premise of not affecting the flow field of the thermal spraying working gas, the cooling effect is maximized, as shown in Figure 3;
  • the end of the trachea is curved to further ensure that the cooling effect is improved without affecting the flow field of the working gas, as shown in FIG. 4;
  • the air pipe adopts a lightweight material with a certain rigidity, can withstand the action of the compressed air flow field without being deformed, and reduce the external load of the spray gun;
  • the pipe branch disc and the angle adjustment disc are respectively fixed on the spray gun with two set screws, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6;
  • the tapered guide sleeve is made of rubber, which can fix the trachea on the angle adjustment disc, as shown in Figure 7;
  • the hose is used to connect the electric regulating valve and the trachea family.
  • the hose can be flexibly bent and deformed without affecting the movement of the air pipe family with the spray gun.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the first thermal spraying follow-up cooling device provided in this embodiment.
  • the device includes a refrigerating dryer 1, an infrared thermometer 2, a single-chip computer 3, an electric regulating valve 4, and a trachea group 5.
  • the large-scale and complex-shaped metal sheet is fixed, and the cooling device is fixed on the spray gun, which implements online cooling along with the movement of the spray gun, and the spraying surface temperature is closed-loop controlled.
  • the compressed air may be general industrial compressed air
  • the compressed air is subjected to degreasing, dewatering and impurity removal
  • the refrigeration dryer may be a general industrial equipment with a pressure dew point of 2°C-10°C.
  • the target threshold for spraying surface temperature control is 180°C-220°C.
  • the infrared thermometer 2, the single-chip microcomputer 3 and the electric regulating valve 4 form a temperature control closed loop.
  • the infrared thermometer 2 measures the spraying surface temperature and feeds it back to the single-chip 3 to control the opening of the electric regulating valve 4 , So as to control the flow of compressed air, and further regulate the temperature of the sprayed surface;
  • the single-chip microcomputer 3 can send a temperature measurement instruction every 5s to drive the infrared thermometer 2 to perform temperature measurement. Then, the single-chip microcomputer 3 receives the temperature data transmitted by the infrared thermometer 2 to determine the actual measured temperature. Relation with the set temperature threshold and send corresponding instructions: if the measured temperature is higher than 220°C, send an increase flow command; if the measured temperature is lower than 180°C, send a decrease flow command; if the measured temperature is between 180°C and 220 Between °C, send the instruction to keep the flow constant, drive the electric control valve 4 to adjust the opening size;
  • the trachea family 5 includes a branch tube disk 7, a flexible tube 8, a trachea 9, an angle adjusting disk 10 and a tapered guide sleeve 11.
  • the air pipe 9 is connected to the manifold disc 7 through a flexible tube 8 and is fixed by the tapered guide sleeve 11 on the angle adjustment disc 10; Between angle
  • the angle between the air pipe group 5 and the spray gun 12 in the axial direction can be adjusted, and the angle adjustment range is 5° ⁇ 30°, which can maximize the improvement without affecting the flow field of the supersonic flame spray Cooling effect
  • the end of the air pipe 9 is in a certain arc, and the chord cut angle is 5°-10°, which further ensures that the cooling effect is improved without affecting the flow field of the working gas;
  • the air pipe 9 can be made of PVC material, which is light in weight, can withstand the action of the compressed air flow field without being deformed, and reduces the external load of the spray gun;
  • the branching disc 7 and the angle adjusting disc 10 are respectively fixed on the spray gun 12 with two set screws 13 as shown in Figs. 5 and 6;
  • the tapered guide sleeve 11 is made of rubber, and the air pipe 9 can be fixed on the angle adjustment disc 10, as shown in FIG. 7;
  • the hose 6 is used to connect the electric regulating valve 4 and the trachea group 5.
  • the hose 6 can be flexibly bent and deformed, and does not affect the operation of the air pipe group 5 moving with the spray gun.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种热喷涂随动冷却装置，属于表面工程技术领域，该装置以压缩空气为冷却介质，随喷枪移动可实现在线冷却，冷却气体流场可调控，减小对热喷涂工作气体流场的干扰，并定时测量喷涂表面温度来反馈控制冷却空气流量，装置包括冷干机、红外测温仪、单片机、电动调节阀、气管族和软管。它解决了大型复杂零部件热喷涂作业时，喷涂表面在线冷却困难问题。其利用压缩空气为冷却介质，通过随动冷却机械结构和单片机，实现在线冷却和温度闭环控制。

Description

一种热喷涂随动冷却装置 技术领域
本发明涉及表面工程技术领域，具体涉及一种热喷涂随动冷却装置。
背景技术
公开该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解，而不必然被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已经成为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
热喷涂是一种表面强化技术，可用于制备表面功能涂层或实现尺寸恢复。热喷涂的高热输入使喷涂表面温升快，作业过程需要多次停机降温。降温时间往往是工作时间的数倍，工作效率低、待机成本高。同时，间歇喷涂导致涂层内部产生明显的分层，涂层质量和服役性能受影响。
发明人发现，现有的热喷涂冷却装置采用风或冷却液作为冷却介质，以固定式专用装置为主，适用于大批量、少品种零部件喷涂的在线冷却。对于多品种、大型复杂零部件，固定式专用装置制备工艺复杂、成本高，在线冷却实现困难。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为克服上述现有技术的不足，提供一种热喷涂随动冷却装置，该装置以压缩空气为冷却介质，随喷枪移动可实现在线冷却，冷却气体流场可调控，减小对热喷涂工作气体流场的干扰，并定时测量喷涂表面温度来反馈控制冷却空气流量，可实现大型复杂零部件喷涂表面的在线冷却和温度的闭环控制。装置包括冷干机、红外测温仪、单片机、电动调节阀、气管族和软管，如图1所示。
本发明的第一个方面，提供了一种热喷涂随动冷却装置，包括：气源、气管族、处理器、测温装置、流量控制阀；所述气管族包括分管盘、角度调节盘、气管，所述分管盘、角度调节盘皆为多孔孔板，所述多孔孔板中心处设置有中心孔，围绕中心孔周向间隔设置有多个通孔；所述分管盘、角度调节盘之间设置有气管，所述气管与流量控制阀、气源依次相连，所述流量控制阀还与处理器、测温装置相连。
目前，采用风或冷却液作为冷却介质的固定式冷却装置，作用于喷涂表面背面，未直接作用于喷涂表面而冷却效果不佳，且无法适应多品种、小批量大型复杂零部件的喷涂需求。而本发明研究发现：热喷涂过程中，喷枪往复移动速度较快，因此，通过在喷枪的四周设置气管族，既不影响喷涂作业速度，又能利用气管族形成的对称的冷却气体流场直接对喷涂表面进行在线冷却，冷却效果好且对热喷涂工作气体流场的干扰小；另外，研究还发现：热喷涂前工件已进行了预热，工件喷涂前的瞬间冷却降温不会影响后续喷涂效果，能够满足多品种、大型复杂零部件的喷涂的需求。
本发明的有益效果在于：
(1)本发明提出的一种热喷涂随动冷却装置，其随着喷枪移动，对喷涂表面进行实时降温，满足工件在线冷却需求；
(2)本发明采用温度闭环控制，保证喷涂表面温度稳定调控，能实现连续喷涂作业，提升作业效率与涂层质量；
(3)本发明气管与喷枪轴向间的角度可调整，且气管端部呈一定弧度，在不影响热喷涂工作气体流场的前提下，最大限度地提升冷却效果。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。
图1为热喷涂随动冷却装置示意图；
图2为温度控制闭环示意图；
图3为气管族与喷枪装配示意图；
图4为单支气管示意图；
图5为分管盘示意图；
图6为角度调节盘示意图；
图7为导向套示意图。
图中，1冷干机、2红外测温仪、3单片机、4电动调节阀、5气管族、6软管、7分管盘、8柔性管、9气管、10角度调节盘、11锥形导向套、12喷枪、13、紧定螺钉。
具体实施方式
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
正如背景技术所介绍的，现有的零部件热喷涂冷却装置，主要是固定式专用 装置，适于大批量、少品种作业。对于多品种、大型复杂零部件喷涂，固定式专用装置制备工艺复杂、成本高，在线冷却实现困难。本发明提供一种热喷涂随动冷却装置，利用压缩空气冷却喷涂表面，可实现大型复杂零部件表面热喷涂的在线冷却，喷涂表面温度实时可控。
在一些实施方式中，所述压缩空气是一般工业用压缩空气，压缩空气经除油、除水和除杂处理，冷干机是一般工业设备；
在一些实施方式中，所述的红外测温仪、单片机与电动调节阀组成温度控制闭环，红外测温仪测量喷涂表面温度，反馈给单片机，控制电动调节阀的开启大小，从而控制压缩空气的流量大小，进一步调控喷涂表面的温度，如图2所示；
在一些实施方式中，单片机定时发送测温指令，驱动红外测温仪执行测温动作。然后，单片机接收红外测温仪传递来的温度数据，判定当前温度与所设定温度阈值的大小关系，并发送增加、减小或保持流量的指令，驱动电动调节阀，调节开启大小；
在一些实施方式中，所述气管族，包括分管盘、柔性管、气管、角度调节盘和锥形导向套。气管通过柔性管连接到分管盘，利用角度调节盘上的锥形导向套固定；分管盘和角度调节盘可沿喷枪轴向移动，调节气管与喷枪轴向间角度，进而调整冷却空气的流场，在不影响热喷涂工作气体流场的前提下，最大限度地提升冷却效果，如图3所示；
在一些实施方式中，气管端部呈一定弧度，进一步保证在不影响工作气体流场的前提下提升冷却效果，如图4所示；
在一些实施方式中，气管采用具有一定刚度的轻质材料，能承受压缩空气的流场作用不变形，且减轻喷枪的外加负荷；
在一些实施方式中，分管盘和角度调节盘分别利用两颗紧定螺钉固定在喷枪上，如图5和图6所示；
在一些实施方式中，锥形导向套是橡胶材质，可将气管固定在角度调节盘上，如图7所示；
在一些实施方式中，所述软管用于连接电动调节阀和气管族。软管可柔性弯曲变形，不影响气管族随喷枪移动作业。
下面结合具体的实施例，对本发明做进一步的详细说明，应该指出，所述具体实施例是对本发明的解释而不是限定。
图1是本实施例提供的第一种热喷涂随动冷却装置的示意图，如图1所示，装置包括冷干机1、红外测温仪2、单片机3、电动调节阀4、气管族5和软管6，用于超音速火焰喷涂工艺在大型复杂型面金属板材表面制备金属陶瓷耐磨涂层的在线冷却。喷涂作业过程中，大型复杂型面金属板材固定，冷却装置固定在喷枪上，随喷枪移动实施在线冷却，喷涂表面温度闭环控制。
在本实施方式中，所述压缩空气可以是一般工业用压缩空气，压缩空气经除油、除水和除杂处理，冷干机可以是一般工业设备，压力露点是2℃-10℃。喷涂表面温度控制目标阈值为180℃-220℃。
在本实施方式中，所述的红外测温仪2、单片机3与电动调节阀4组成温度控制闭环，红外测温仪2测量喷涂表面温度，反馈给单片机3，控制电动调节阀4的开启大小，从而控制压缩空气的流量大小，进一步调控喷涂表面的温度；
在本实施方式中，所述单片机3可以每间隔5s发送一次测温指令，驱动红外测温仪2执行测温动作，然后，单片机3接收红外测温仪2传递来的温度数据，判定实测温度与所设定温度阈值的大小关系并发送相应指令：若实测温度高于 220℃，发送增加流量指令；若实测温度低于180℃，发送减小流量指令；若实测温度介于180℃和220℃之间，发送保持流量不变指令，驱动电动调节阀4，调节开启大小；
在本实施方式中，所述气管族5，包括分管盘7、柔性管8、气管9、角度调节盘10和锥形导向套11。气管9通过柔性管8连接到分管盘7，利用角度调节盘10上的锥形导向套11固定；分管盘7和角度调节盘10可沿喷枪12轴向移动，调节气管9与喷枪12轴向间角度；
在本实施方式中，气管族5与喷枪12轴向间的角度可调整，角度调节范围为5°～30°，可以在不影响超音速火焰喷涂工作气体流场的前提下，最大限度地提升冷却效果；
在本实施方式中，气管9端部呈一定弧度，弦切角为5°～10°，进一步保证在不影响工作气体流场的前提下提升冷却效果；
在本实施方式中，气管9可以采用PVC材料，质量轻，能承受压缩空气的流场作用不变形，且减轻喷枪的外加负荷；
在本实施方式中，分管盘7和角度调节盘10分别利用两颗紧定螺钉固13定在喷枪12上，如图5和图6所示；
在本实施方式中，锥形导向套11是橡胶材质，可将气管9固定在角度调节盘10上，如图7所示；
在本实施方式中，所述软管6用于连接电动调节阀4和气管族5。软管6可柔性弯曲变形，不影响气管族5随喷枪移动作业。
最后应该说明的是，以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人 员来说，其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。上述虽然对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述，但并非对本发明保护范围的限制，所属领域技术人员应该明白，在本发明的技术方案的基础上，本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种热喷涂随动冷却装置，其特征在于，包括：气源、气管族、处理器、测温装置、流量控制阀；所述气管族包括分管盘、角度调节盘、气管，所述分管盘、角度调节盘皆为多孔孔板，所述多孔孔板中心处设置有中心孔，围绕中心孔周向间隔设置有多个通孔；所述分管盘、角度调节盘之间设置有气管，所述气管与流量控制阀、气源依次相连，所述流量控制阀还与处理器、测温装置相连。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的热喷涂随动冷却装置，其特征在于，所述分管盘的通孔上设置有软管。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的热喷涂随动冷却装置，其特征在于，所述角度调节盘的通孔上设置有锥形导向套。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的热喷涂随动冷却装置，其特征在于，所述分管盘、角度调节盘利用紧定螺钉固定在喷枪上。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的热喷涂随动冷却装置，其特征在于，所述气管族与喷枪轴向间的角度为5°～30°。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的热喷涂随动冷却装置，其特征在于，所述气管端部为弧形，弦切角为5°～10°。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的热喷涂随动冷却装置，其特征在于，所述气源是经冷干机处理后的压缩空气。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的热喷涂随动冷却装置，其特征在于，所述测温装置为红外测温仪。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的热喷涂随动冷却装置，其特征在于，所述处理器为单片机。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的热喷涂随动冷却装置，其特征在于，所述流量控制 阀为电动调节阀。
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CN113369034B (zh) * 2021-07-06 2024-02-23 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种燃煤锅炉高温喷氨脱硝气冷喷枪的冷却系统及方法
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