WO2021196485A1 - 一种物料烘干设备及其应用 - Google Patents

一种物料烘干设备及其应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021196485A1
WO2021196485A1 PCT/CN2020/107534 CN2020107534W WO2021196485A1 WO 2021196485 A1 WO2021196485 A1 WO 2021196485A1 CN 2020107534 W CN2020107534 W CN 2020107534W WO 2021196485 A1 WO2021196485 A1 WO 2021196485A1
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Prior art keywords
drying equipment
equipment according
plate
material guide
guide plate
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PCT/CN2020/107534
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱书成
王希彬
李金峰
汪国敏
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河南龙成煤高效技术应用有限公司
河北龙成煤综合利用有限公司
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Publication of WO2021196485A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021196485A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/122—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the material moving through a cross-flow of drying gas; the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, consisting of substantially vertical, perforated walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
    • F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of material drying, in particular to a material drying equipment and its application.
  • Drying is usually to release and remove the external water (ie free water) contained in the material by heating, rather than removing the crystal water or internal water. Therefore, the drying temperature is usually not higher than 300°C.
  • the present disclosure provides a material drying equipment and an application thereof, which can solve the technical problem of how to make the material fall smoothly.
  • a material drying equipment configured into crushed coal, oil shale and biomass materials.
  • the material drying equipment includes a shell.
  • a "Z"-shaped material falling and turning mechanism is arranged in the shell.
  • the material falling turning mechanism has multiple sections of relatively vertical Directional inclined transmission section, each transmission section is equipped with at least one material guide plate configured to deliver materials, the downward direction of the material guide plate of the same transmission section is the same, and the downward direction of the material guide plate of two adjacent transmission sections
  • the first material guide plate below each corner of the "Z"-shaped structure of the material falling and returning mechanism is spaced to catch the material falling from the lowest material guide plate above, and the material of the material guide plate is low.
  • Thermal conductive material guide plate is provided to deliver materials, the downward direction of the material guide plate of the same transmission section is the same, and the downward direction of the material guide plate of two adjacent transmission sections
  • the surface of the material guide plate has good heat insulation effect and poor thermal conductivity, so that the water vapor in the equipment is not easy to condense into water on the surface of the material guide plate, thereby reducing the material adhered to the material guide plate and reducing the occurrence of materials falling
  • the blocked condition is conducive to the smooth fall of the materials in the drying equipment and the production goes smoothly.
  • the shell is the shell of the drying equipment, which provides a closed space for the internal drying.
  • the material enters the drying equipment from the cloth device at the top of the shell, and the hot air rises from the hot air inlet at the bottom of the shell. After heat exchange, the heat exchange The latter exhaust gas flows out from the exhaust gas outlet device on the top of the shell, and the dried material is discharged from the discharge port at the bottom of the shell to finally achieve the drying of the material.
  • the material falling and turning back mechanism will extend the material's falling time and moving distance in the shell, increase the heat exchange time of the material, and extend the drying time of the material; secondly, each time the material turns, it will hit the material guide plate, and the wet material Under the action of the impact force, it is scattered in the space around the material guide plate, which helps the material to more fully contact with the hot air, and the external water contained in the material can evaporate and be separated from the material. Driven by the updraft of the exhaust gas, the external water contained in the material is discharged from the upper part of the shell in the form of water vapor.
  • the above-mentioned structure provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure enables the material to be dried more thoroughly.
  • the zigzag-shaped material falling and turning mechanism can prevent a large amount of material from forming large agglomerates.
  • a cloth device and an exhaust gas outlet device are provided at the top end of the shell, and a discharge port and a hot gas inlet are opened at the bottom end of the shell.
  • the distributing device at the top of the shell evenly sprinkles the material on the falling guide mechanism to make the material fall more evenly.
  • the exhaust gas outlet device is configured to discharge the hot air that has dried the material.
  • the exhaust pipe is used to achieve the function of discharging gas.
  • the discharge port at the lower end of the body receives the dried material, and the hot air inlet is connected with the equipment for providing hot air to receive the hot air configured to dry the material.
  • Each transmission section of the material falling and returning mechanism includes at least one material guide plate, which enables the material to be slid and thrown in sequence.
  • the space position where the material is slid and thrown to another guide plate is the position where the material drying heat exchange is most adequate. After the material falls on the next material guide plate, it will be flipped due to the impact, so that the material is loosened and heated evenly, and the drying effect is better.
  • the above-mentioned material guide plate is a skeleton support plate made of carbon steel, and a stainless steel plate is arranged on the upper surface of the skeleton support plate.
  • the thermal conductivity of stainless steel is lower than that of carbon steel, and stainless steel is not easy to oxidize.
  • a stainless steel plate is arranged on the upper surface of the frame support plate. In this way, the material is not easy to accumulate on the stainless steel plate, which is beneficial to the smooth fall of the material and ensures smooth production.
  • the above-mentioned stainless steel plate is welded or bonded to the frame support plate.
  • connection methods that can meet the fixed connection of the stainless steel plate and the frame support plate and meet the production requirements are all feasible.
  • the thickness of the above-mentioned stainless steel plate is 0.3-2 mm.
  • the above-mentioned material guide plate is a skeleton support plate made of carbon steel, and a tile plate is arranged on the upper surface of the skeleton support plate.
  • the thermal conductivity of the ceramic plate is lower than that of carbon steel.
  • the installation of the ceramic plate helps to reduce the occurrence of water vapor condensation.
  • the above-mentioned framework support plate is bonded to the ceramic plate.
  • the thickness of the above-mentioned tile plate is 2-10 mm.
  • the aforementioned material guide plate is a stainless steel plate with a thickness of 3-12 mm.
  • the above-mentioned material guide plate is an engineering plastic plate with a temperature resistance above 200°C.
  • the thickness of the above-mentioned engineering plastic plate is 5-15 mm.
  • the engineering plastic board may be a polytetrafluoroethylene engineering plastic board.
  • the material guide plate may also be a porous material, and the pores contained in the material itself are used for heat insulation, and the thermal conductivity of the air or inert gas in the pores is very low.
  • the above-mentioned material guide plate is a skeleton support plate made of carbon steel, and a vacuum heat insulation plate is arranged on the upper surface of the skeleton support plate.
  • the vacuum insulation board has the characteristics of extremely low thermal conductivity.
  • the thickness of the aforementioned vacuum insulation panel is 8-15 mm.
  • each transmission section of the material falling and turning back mechanism includes at least two material guide plates, and the at least two material guide plates are arranged in parallel in pairs.
  • the inclination angle formed between each material guide plate and the horizontal plane is 30°-60°.
  • At least two material guide plates are arranged in parallel in pairs, and the angle between each material guide plate and the horizontal plane is slightly smaller than that between each conveying section of the material falling and turning mechanism and the horizontal line. Angle, so that the material can better fall from the previous material guide plate to the next material guide plate.
  • Several material falling and turning back mechanisms can be arranged in the shell. In large-scale drying equipment, the number of material falling and turning back mechanisms can be increased accordingly.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an application of a material drying equipment in a material drying system.
  • the material drying equipment provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be widely used in a material drying system, and can be used for drying crushed coal, oil shale and biomass materials.
  • the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present disclosure include, for example:
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a material drying equipment and its application.
  • the material on the surface of the material guide plate has a low thermal conductivity.
  • the material guide plate has the characteristics of good surface heat insulation effect and poor thermal conductivity.
  • the water vapor in the equipment is not easy to condense into water on the surface of the material guide plate, so that it is not easy for condensed water to block the falling of the material, which is beneficial to the smooth falling of the material and ensures the smooth production.
  • the material drying equipment provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can dry materials such as crushed coal, oil shale, and biomass materials.
  • Figure 1 is a half cross-sectional view of the first material drying equipment provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a half cross-sectional view of a second material drying equipment provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Icon 1-shell; 2-material falling and returning mechanism; 3-material guide plate; 31-frame support plate; 32-stainless steel plate; 4-distribution device; 5-exhaust gas outlet device; 6-feed hopper; 7- Outlet; 8-hot gas inlet; 9-corner.
  • horizontal does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but may be slightly inclined.
  • horizontal only means that its direction is more horizontal than “vertical”, and it does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.
  • the temperature of hot air entering the drying chamber is usually lower than 300°C, and the temperature of the air leaving the drying chamber is usually lower than 120°C. After drying, it is usually not higher than 70°C, so as to ensure the safety of drying and dust removal equipment. This is because at a certain concentration of pulverized coal and an ambient temperature higher than 70°C, when the oxygen content in the environment reaches a certain value, pulverized coal is very easy to explode.
  • the material guide plate inside the drying equipment is made of carbon steel plate. After the drying starts, due to the low temperature of the carbon steel plate, water vapor is likely to condense on the carbon steel plate. When the condensed water on the carbon steel plate accumulates too much, the material Coal is easy to adhere to the surface of the carbon steel plate, and the falling of the material is blocked, and the material is often stuck and accumulated, and the equipment needs to be opened for cleaning, which makes production stagnant.
  • This embodiment provides a material drying equipment and its application, which can solve the technical problem of how to make the material fall smoothly.
  • the material drying equipment includes a casing 1, inside which is provided a material falling and turning back mechanism 2 that is generally in a "Z" shape.
  • the material falling and turning mechanism 2 has three transmission sections inclined to the vertical direction. Each transmission section is equipped with 10 material guide plates 3 configured to deliver materials.
  • the downward inclination directions of the material guide plates 3 of the same transmission section are the same, and the downward inclination directions of the material guide plates 3 of two adjacent transmission sections are opposite.
  • the inclination angle formed by the material guide plate 3 and the horizontal plane is 40°.
  • the inclination angle formed by the material guide plate 3 and the horizontal plane may also be 30°, 60°, and so on.
  • the material falling and turning back mechanism 2 has a plurality of corners 9.
  • the corner 9 is formed between two adjacent transmission sections, and the angle of the corner 9 is equal to the acute angle between the extension directions of the two adjacent transmission sections.
  • the number of transmission sections is three, and correspondingly, the number of corners 9 is two.
  • the first material guide plate 3 below each corner 9 can spatially catch the material falling from the lowest material guide plate 3 above.
  • first material guide plate 3 below each corner 9 has a certain inclination angle so as to change the direction of movement of the material.
  • the direction of the downward inclination angle of the material guide plate 3 before and after the corner 9 is opposite. .
  • the downward inclination direction of the material guide plate 3 in the same conveying section is the inclination direction of the surface of the material guide plate 3 with respect to the horizontal plane. Material falling.
  • the first material guide plate 3 behind the corner 9 catches the material on the last material guide plate 3 before the corner 9, and the first material guide plate 3 after the corner 9 can change the direction of movement of the material.
  • the foldback movement can increase the number and time of heat exchange of the material in a limited section, so that the material can be fully dried.
  • the top of the housing 1 is provided with a cloth distributing device 4 and an exhaust gas outlet device 5, a feeding hopper 6 is disposed above the cloth distributing device 4, and a discharge port 7 and a hot air inlet 8 are disposed at the lower end of the casing 1.
  • the material enters the drying equipment from the cloth device 4 at the top of the shell 1, and the hot air rises from the hot air inlet 8 at the bottom of the shell 1.
  • the waste gas flows from the waste gas outlet 5 at the top of the shell 1 Flow out, and the dried material is discharged from the discharge port 7 at the bottom of the shell 1, so as to realize the drying of the material.
  • the material guide plate 3 is a skeleton support plate 31 made of carbon steel, and a stainless steel plate 32 with a smooth surface is provided on the upper surface of the skeleton support plate 31.
  • the stainless steel plate 32 is not easy to be oxidized and has a long service life.
  • the thermal conductivity of the stainless steel plate 32 is lower than that of carbon steel. In this way, water vapor is not easy to condense on the surface of the stainless steel plate 32 to form water droplets, and the material is not easily affected by the condensed water droplets, and it is not easy to be on the stainless steel plate 32.
  • the process of docking and falling is smoother, which effectively ensures the smooth progress of production.
  • the thickness of the stainless steel plate 32 is 1.5 mm. In other embodiments, the thickness of the stainless steel plate 32 may also be 0.3 mm, 2 mm, or the like. In this embodiment, the stainless steel plate 32 and the framework support plate 31 are connected by spot welding. In other embodiments, the stainless steel plate 32 and the frame support plate 31 can also be bonded together.
  • the temperature of the hot gas inlet is 180°C
  • the temperature of the gas outlet is 120°C
  • the temperature of the coal inlet is 20°C
  • the temperature of the coal outlet is 60°C.
  • the stainless steel material has a smooth surface, is resistant to oxidation and is not easy to rust, and the phenomenon of material blocking during the drying process is significantly reduced.
  • the number of material guides 3 in each conveying section is 8, the material guides 3 are parallel to each other, and the angle between each material guide 3 and the horizontal plane is 50°.
  • the upper surface of the frame support plate 31 can also be provided with a tile plate, and the tile plate is bonded to the frame support plate 31.
  • the tile plate is bonded to the frame support plate 31.
  • the thickness of the ceramic plate can be 2mm, 6mm, 10mm, etc.
  • the upper surface of the frame support plate 31 can also be provided with a vacuum heat insulation board. After the coal is dried, it is found that the surface of the vacuum heat insulation board is not prone to moisture condensation. The material is dried during the drying process. , The phenomenon of bonding materials on the surface of the vacuum insulation board is not easy to appear.
  • the thickness of the vacuum insulation board can be 8mm, 10mm, 15mm, etc.
  • the material guide plate 3 can be a 5mm thick stainless steel plate with a folded edge stiffener plate.
  • the hot air inlet temperature can be adjusted to 220°C
  • the outlet air temperature can be adjusted to 130°C
  • the coal inlet temperature can be adjusted to 20°C
  • the coal outlet temperature can be adjusted to 68°C.
  • the material guide plate 3 may be a polytetrafluoroethylene engineering plastic plate with a smooth surface and a temperature resistance above 200°C.
  • the thickness of the engineering plastic board can be 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, etc.
  • the surface of the engineering plastic board is not easy to form condensed water, and the dried material falls more smoothly.
  • the materials dried by the material drying equipment may be crushed coal, oil shale, biomass materials, and the like.
  • the present disclosure provides a material drying equipment and an application thereof.
  • the water vapor in the equipment is not easy to condense water on the surface of the material guide plate and facilitates the smooth falling of the material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

一种物料烘干设备及其应用，涉及物料烘干技术领域。物料导向板(3)上表面的材质具有较低的导热率，物料导向板(3)整体具有表面隔热效果好和导热性能差的特点，设备中的水蒸气不易在物料导向板(3)表面凝结水，进而减少了粘结于物料导向板(3)上的物料，也有利于烘干设备中的物料顺利下落，生产顺行。

Description

一种物料烘干设备及其应用
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求于2020年03月30日提交中国专利局的申请号为2020102405510、名称为“一种物料烘干设备及其应用”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及物料烘干技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种物料烘干设备及其应用。
背景技术
烘干通常是将物料所含的外水(即自由水)通过加热的形式释放除去，而不是将结晶水或内水除去，所以，烘干的温度通常不高于300℃。
现有技术中，存在烘干碎煤、油页岩及生物质物料等物料的烘干设备，烘干设备中的物料导向板的表面容易形成水珠，影响物料在物料导向板上的运动，造成物料不能沿物料导向板顺利落下的问题。
发明内容
本公开提供一种物料烘干设备及其应用，其能够解决如何使物料顺利下落的技术问题。
本公开实施例可以是这样实现的：
一种配置成碎煤、油页岩及生物质物料的物料烘干设备，物料烘干设备包括壳体，壳体内设置“Z”字形的物料下落折返机构，物料下落折返机构具有多段相对竖直方向倾斜的传输段，每个传输段设置至少一个配置成递送物料的物料导向板，同一传输段的物料导向板的下倾方向一致，且相邻两个传输段的物料导向板的下倾方向相反，物料下落折返机构的“Z”字形结构的每个转角的下方的第一块物料导向板空间上处于能够接住上方位置最低的一块物料导向板下落的物料，物料导向板的材质为低导热物料导向板。
该物料导向板表面隔热效果好，导热性能较差，使得设备中的水蒸气不易在物料导向板表面凝结成水，进而减少了粘结于物料导向板上的物料，减少出现物料在下落时被阻塞的情况，有利于烘干设备中的物料顺利下落，生产顺行。
壳体为烘干设备的外壳，为内部的干燥提供了一个密闭的空间，物料从壳体顶端的布料装置进入烘干设备，热气从壳体底端的热气进口上升，经过热交换后，热交换后的废气从壳体顶部的废气出口装置流出，干燥后的物料从壳体底部的出料口出料，最终实现对物料的干燥。
物料从壳体顶端的布料装置进入壳体后，落在Z字形的物料下落折返机构上，并沿着物料下落折返机构进行下落。物料下落折返机构会延长物料在壳体内的下落时间和移动距离，增加物料的热交换时间，延长物料的烘干时间；其次，物料每次转向时，会撞击在物料导向板上，潮湿的物料在冲击力的作用下，散布于物料导向板周围的空间，这样有助于物料与热气更为充分的接触，物料所含的外水得以蒸发，脱离物料。在废气的上升气流带动下，物料所含的 外水以水蒸气的方式从壳体上方导出。
本公开实施例提供的上述结构使得物料被烘干地更加彻底，此外，Z字形的物料下落折返机构可以防止大量的物料形成大块的物聚团。
在可选的实施方式中，在壳体的顶端设置有布料装置和废气出口装置，壳体的底端开设有出料口和热气进口。
壳体顶端的布料装置将物料均匀洒落在下落导向机构上，使得物料下落地更加均匀，废气出口装置配置成排出对物料干燥过的热气，一般地，选用排气管道实现排放气体的功能，壳体下端的出料口接收干燥过的物料，热气进气口与提供热气的设备连通，接收配置成烘干物料的热气。
物料下落折返机构的每一传输段包括至少一个物料导向板，物料导向板使得物料能够依次滑落抛撒，物料在滑落抛撒到另一个导向板的空间位置是物料烘干热交换最充分的位置。物料在落入下一个物料导向板上后，又会因为撞击而翻动，实现物料松散以及均匀受热，干燥效果更好。
在本公开可选的实施例中，上述物料导向板为碳钢制成的骨架支撑板，在骨架支撑板的上表面设置不锈钢板。
不锈钢的导热率低于碳钢的导热率，且不锈钢不易氧化，在骨架支撑板的上表面设置不锈钢板，这样，物料不容易在不锈钢板上堆积，有利于物料顺利下落，保证生产顺利进行。
在本公开可选的实施例中，上述不锈钢板与骨架支撑板焊接或粘接。
在其他实施例中，其他的能够满足不锈钢板与骨架支撑板固定连接、满足生产要求的连接方式均可行。
在本公开可选的实施例中，上述不锈钢板的厚度为0.3-2mm。
在本公开可选的实施例中，上述物料导向板为碳钢制成的骨架支撑板，在骨架支撑板的上表面设置瓷片板。
瓷片板的导热系数比碳钢的导热系数要低，设置瓷片板有助于减少水汽凝结的现象发生。
在本公开可选的实施例中，上述骨架支撑板与瓷片板粘接。
在本公开可选的实施例中，上述瓷片板的厚度为2-10mm。
在本公开可选的实施例中，上述物料导向板为不锈钢板，且厚度为3-12mm。
在本公开可选的实施例中，上述物料导向板为耐温200℃以上的工程塑料板。
在本公开可选的实施例中，上述工程塑料板的厚度为5-15mm。
工程塑料板可以是聚四氟乙烯工程塑料板。
在其他实施例中，物料导向板也可以是多孔材料，利用材料本身所含的孔隙隔热，空隙内的空气或惰性气体的导热系数很低。
在本公开可选的实施例中，上述物料导向板为碳钢制成的骨架支撑板，在骨架支撑板的上表面设置真空隔热板。真空隔热板具有导热系数极低的特点。
在本公开可选的实施例中，上述真空隔热板的厚度为8-15mm。
在本公开可选的实施例中，上述物料下落折返机构的每一个传输段包括至少两个物料导向板，至少两个物料导向板两两平行设置。
在本公开可选的实施例中，每个物料导向板与水平面之间形成的倾斜角均为30°-60°。
在本公开可选的实施例中，至少两个物料导向板两两平行设置，每个物料导向板与水平面之间的夹角均略小于物料下落折返机构的每一传输段与水平线之间的夹角，这样物料能够更好的从上一个物料导向板落入到下一个物料导向板上。物料下落折返机构可以在壳体中设置若干个，在大型的干燥设备中，物料下落折返机构的数量可以相应的增多。
本公开实施例还提供了一种物料烘干设备在物料烘干系统中的应用。本公开实施例提供的物料烘干设备可广泛应用于物料烘干系统中，可以进行碎煤、油页岩及生物质物料的烘干。
与现有技术相比，本公开实施例的有益效果包括，例如：
本公开实施例提供了一种物料烘干设备及其应用，物料导向板上表面的材质具有较低的导热率，这样，该物料导向板具有表面隔热效果好和导热性能差的特点。使用这种物料导向板，设备中的水蒸气不易在物料导向板的表面凝结 成水，这样，不容易出现凝结水阻塞物料下落的情况，有利于物料顺利下落，保证生产顺利进行。本公开实施例提供的物料烘干设备可烘干碎煤、油页岩及生物质物料等物料。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本公开的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本公开实施例提供的第一种物料烘干设备半剖视图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的第二种物料烘干设备半剖视图。
图标：1-壳体；2-物料下落折返机构；3-物料导向板；31-骨架支撑板；32-不锈钢板；4-布料装置；5-废气出口装置；6-进料斗；7-出料口；8-热气进口；9-转角。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本公开实施例的组件可以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本公开的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要 求保护的本公开的范围，而是仅仅表示本公开的选定实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本公开的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，术语“水平”、“竖直”、“悬垂”等术语并不表示要求部件绝对水平或悬垂，而是可以稍微倾斜。如“水平”仅仅是指其方向相对“竖直”而言更加水平，并不是表示该结构一定要完全水平，而是可以稍微倾斜。
在本公开的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具 体含义。
对于碎煤、油页岩及生物质一类、尤其是细粉比较多的碎煤，进入干燥室的热风温度通常低于300℃，从干燥室出去的风温通常小于120℃，物料温度烘干后通常不高于70℃，这样才可能保证烘干及除尘设备的安全性。这是由于在一定的煤粉浓度和高于70℃的环境温度下，当环境内的含氧量达到一定数值，煤粉极易发生爆炸。
相关技术中，干燥设备的内部的物料导向板的材质为碳钢板，在干燥开始后，由于碳钢板温度低，水蒸汽容易在碳钢板上凝结，当碳钢板上的凝结水积聚过多时，物料煤容易在碳钢板表面粘接，物料下落受阻，常常出现物料粘贴堆积，需要打开设备进行清理的现象，使得生产停滞。本实施例提供了一种物料烘干设备及其应用，能够解决如何使物料顺利下落的技术问题。
参照图1所示，该物料烘干设备包括壳体1，壳体1内部设置有总体呈“Z”字形的物料下落折返机构2，物料下落折返机构2具有三段相对竖直方向倾斜的传输段，每个传输段设置10个配置成递送物料的物料导向板3。
同一传输段的物料导向板3的下倾方向一致，且相邻两个传输段的物料导向板3的下倾方向相反。本实施例中，物料导向板3与水平面形成的倾角角度为40°。
在其它实施例中，物料导向板3与水平面形成的倾斜角度也可以为30°、60°等。
物料下落折返机构2具有多个转角9。相邻的两个传输段之间的形成该转 角9，转角9的角度等于相邻的两个传输段的延伸方向之间的锐角角度。本实施例中，传输段的数量为3个，对应地，转角9的数量为2个。在相邻的两个传输段中，每个转角9下方的第一块物料导向板3空间上能够接住从上方位置最低的一块物料导向板3下落的物料。
需要说明的是，每个转角9下方的第一块物料导向板3均具有一定的倾角从而能够改变物料的运动方向，转角9前、后的物料导向板3的下斜倾角的方向是相反的。
需要说明的是，同一传输段的物料导向板3的下倾方向即为物料导向板3的板面相对于水平面的倾斜方向，物料导向板3的板面与水平面之间具备一定的倾角，以便于物料下落。
使用时，转角9后的第一块物料导向板3接住转角9前的最后一块物料导向板上3的物料，转角9后的第一块物料导向板3能够改变物料的运动方向，物料的折返运动能够在有限的截面内增加物料的热交换次数和时间，使得物料得到较充分的干燥。在本实施例中，壳体1的顶端设置有布料装置4和废气出口装置5，布料装置4的上方设置有进料斗6，壳体1的下端设置出料口7和热气进口8。
在进行烘干作业时，物料从壳体1顶端的布料装置4进入烘干设备，热气从壳体1底端的热气进口8上升，经过热交换后，废气从壳体1顶部的废气出口5装置流出，干燥后的物料从壳体1底部的出料口7出料，从而实现对物料的干燥。
需要说明的是，在实际使用过程中，物料导向板3的数目可以根据需要进行调整。
物料导向板3为碳钢制成的骨架支撑板31，在骨架支撑板31的上表面设置表面光滑的不锈钢板32。
需要说明的是，不锈钢板32不易氧化，使用寿命长。另外，不锈钢板32的导热率低于碳钢的导热率，这样，水蒸气不容易在不锈钢板32的表面凝结形成水滴，物料也就不容易受到凝结水滴的影响，不容易在不锈钢板32上对接，下落的过程更加顺畅，这样有效地保证了生产的顺利进行。
本实施例中，不锈钢板32的厚度为1.5mm。在其它实施例中，不锈钢板32的厚度也可以为0.3mm、2mm等。在本实施例中，不锈钢板32与骨架支撑板31通过点焊连接。在其它实施例中，不锈钢板32与骨架支撑板31也可以粘接在一起。
本实施例在使用时，热气进口的温度为180℃，出气口的温度为120℃，煤的进口温度为20℃，煤的出口温度为60℃。
在本实施例中，该设备通过在原碳钢板表面点焊1.5mm的表面光滑的不锈钢板后，由于不锈钢的导热系数比碳钢导热系数低，不锈钢表面产生水汽凝结水现象明显减小。
此外，不锈钢材质表面光滑，耐氧化不易生锈，烘干过程发生堵料现象显著减少。
在其它的一些实施例中，每一个传输段内的物料导板3数量为8个，物料导板3相互平行，每个物料导板3与水平面的夹角为50°。
在其它的一些实施例中，骨架支撑板31的上表面也可以设置瓷片板，瓷片板与骨架支撑板31粘接，瓷片板表面不存在水汽凝结的问题，碎煤在烘干过程中，不容易出现瓷片表面粘接物料的现象。瓷片板的厚度可选用2mm、6mm、10mm等。
在其它的一些实施例中，骨架支撑板31的上表面也可以设置真空隔热板，进行碎煤烘干后发现，真空隔热板表面不容易出现水汽凝结的问题，物料在烘干过程中，不容易出现真空隔热板表面粘接物料的现象。真空隔热板的厚度可选用8mm、10mm、15mm等。
在其它的一些实施例中，结合图2，物料导向板3可选用一块带有折边加强筋板的5mm厚的不锈钢板。在进行烘干作业时，热气进口温度可调节为220℃，出气温度可调节130℃，煤的进口温度可调节为20℃，煤的出口温度可调节为68℃。这样，不锈钢制成的物料导向板3的表面产生水汽凝结的概率明显减小，不锈钢材质表面光滑且不易生锈，烘干过程很少发生堵料的现象。
在其它的一些实施例中，物料导向板3可选用耐温200℃以上的表面光滑的聚四氟乙烯工程塑料板。工程塑料板的厚度可选用5mm、10mm、15mm等。工程塑料板的表面不容易形成凝结水，烘干后的物料下落地更加顺畅。
在其它的一些实施例中，该物料烘干设备烘干的物料可以是碎煤、油页岩、生物质物料等。
以上仅为本公开的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本公开，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本公开可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本公开的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
综上所述，本公开提供了一种物料烘干设备及其应用，该设备中的水蒸气不易在物料导向板表面凝结水，并且有利于物料顺利下落。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种配置成碎煤、油页岩及生物质物料的物料烘干设备，其特征在于，所述物料烘干设备包括壳体，所述壳体内设置“Z”字形的物料下落折返机构，所述物料下落折返机构具有多段相对竖直方向倾斜的传输段，每个所述传输段设置至少一个配置成递送物料的物料导向板，同一所述传输段的所述物料导向板的下倾方向一致，且相邻两个所述传输段的所述物料导向板的下倾方向相反，所述物料下落折返机构的“Z”字形结构的每个转角的下方的第一块所述物料导向板空间上处于能够接住上方位置最低的一块所述物料导向板下落的物料，所述物料导向板的材质为低导热物料导向板。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的物料烘干设备，其特征在于，所述物料导向板为碳钢制成的骨架支撑板。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的物料烘干设备，其特征在于，所述骨架支撑板的上表面设置有不锈钢板。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的物料烘干设备，其特征在于，所述不锈钢板与所述骨架支撑板焊接或粘接。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的物料烘干设备，其特征在于，所述不锈钢板的厚度为0.3-2mm。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的物料烘干设备，其特征在于，所述骨架支撑 板的上表面设置有瓷片板。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的物料烘干设备，其特征在于，所述骨架支撑板与所述瓷片板粘接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的物料烘干设备，其特征在于，所述瓷片板的厚度为2-10mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的物料烘干设备，其特征在于，所述物料导向板为不锈钢板。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的物料烘干设备，其特征在于，所述不锈钢板的厚度为3-12mm。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的物料烘干设备，其特征在于，所述物料导向板为耐温200℃以上的工程塑料板。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的物料烘干设备，其特征在于，所述工程塑料板的厚度为5-15mm。
  13. 根据权利要求2所述的物料烘干设备，其特征在于，在所述骨架支撑板的上表面设置有真空隔热板。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的物料烘干设备，其特征在于，所述真空隔热板的厚度为8-15mm。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的物料烘干设备，其特征在于，所述物料下 落折返机构的每个所述传输段内设置至少两个物料导向板，所述至少两个物料导向板两两平行设置。
  16. 根据权利要求5所述的物料烘干设备，其特征在于，每个所述物料导向板与水平面之间形成的倾斜角均为30°-60°。
  17. 一种如权利要求1-16任一项所述的物料烘干设备在物料烘干系统中的应用。
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