WO2021192620A1 - Boîtier de batterie pour véhicules électriques - Google Patents

Boîtier de batterie pour véhicules électriques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021192620A1
WO2021192620A1 PCT/JP2021/003666 JP2021003666W WO2021192620A1 WO 2021192620 A1 WO2021192620 A1 WO 2021192620A1 JP 2021003666 W JP2021003666 W JP 2021003666W WO 2021192620 A1 WO2021192620 A1 WO 2021192620A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
heat insulating
insulating material
battery box
battery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2021/003666
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
新吾 須藤
慎吾 宮田
Original Assignee
積水化学工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 積水化学工業株式会社 filed Critical 積水化学工業株式会社
Priority to JP2022509339A priority Critical patent/JPWO2021192620A1/ja
Publication of WO2021192620A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021192620A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a battery box that houses a battery for driving an electric vehicle.
  • a metal material such as iron or aluminum is usually used for the upper cover that covers the upper part of the battery box that houses the driving battery of an electric vehicle. Since metal materials are heavy, it is being considered to use resin materials for weight reduction.
  • Patent Document 1 an effervescent heat insulating material is arranged on the upper part of the battery case, and when the battery runs away due to heat, the foamed heat insulating material flows into the cooling air passages of a plurality of batteries to prevent the thermal runaway from spreading. Is disclosed.
  • thermal expansion insulation material foam insulation material
  • the thermal expansion insulation material may rapidly expand, scatter, or be destroyed due to instantaneous combustion and high temperature. .. In this case, there are concerns about a decrease in mechanical strength and a decrease in heat insulation performance.
  • the battery box for an electric vehicle is a battery box for storing a battery of an electric vehicle, and includes an upper cover.
  • the top cover A plastic layer placed above the battery and A metal thin film layer arranged on the surface of the plastic layer on the side facing the battery, It has a first heat insulating material layer arranged between the plastic layer and the metal thin film layer.
  • the battery box for an electric vehicle of the second aspect is the battery box of the first aspect, and the upper cover is further.
  • a fiber layer is provided between the metal thin film layer and the first heat insulating material layer, or between the plastic layer and the first heat insulating material layer.
  • the battery box for an electric vehicle according to the third aspect is the battery box according to the first aspect or the second aspect, and the first heat insulating material layer is arranged on a part of the surface of the plastic layer facing the metal thin film layer. Has been done.
  • the battery box for an electric vehicle of the fourth aspect is the battery box of the third aspect, and the first heat insulating material layer is provided at a position corresponding to the discharge valve of the battery.
  • the battery box for an electric vehicle of the fifth aspect is the battery box of the second aspect, and the fiber layer is arranged between the plastic layer and the first heat insulating material layer.
  • the top cover further has a second insulating layer between the plastic layer and the fiber layer.
  • the battery box for an electric vehicle according to the sixth aspect is the battery box according to the fifth aspect, and the upper cover further has a second fiber layer between the metal thin film layer and the first heat insulating material layer. ..
  • the battery box for an electric vehicle according to the seventh aspect is a battery box according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, and the first heat insulating material layer contains short fibers.
  • the battery box for an electric vehicle is the battery box according to the fifth or sixth aspect, and the first heat insulating material layer and / or the second heat insulating material layer contains short fibers.
  • the battery box for an electric vehicle is a battery box for storing the batteries of the electric vehicle.
  • the side surface or bottom surface of the battery box is With a plastic layer A metal thin film layer arranged on the surface of the plastic layer on the side facing the battery, A first heat insulating material layer arranged between the plastic layer and the metal thin film layer, Have.
  • a metal thin film layer is further arranged under the heat insulating material layer.
  • the thermal expansion heat insulating material is less likely to be scattered and destroyed.
  • the metal thin film layer also plays a role of shielding electromagnetic waves generated from the battery separately.
  • the thermal expansion heat insulating material can expand through the fibers of the fiber layer, and the entanglement of the thermal expansion heat insulating material and the fibers reduces the scattering and destruction of the thermal expansion heat insulating material.
  • the insulation layer contains short fibers.
  • the short fibers increase the strength of the insulation layer.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the upper cover 1 of the battery box 3 of the first embodiment so that the arrangement of the heat insulating material layer 20 on a plane can be seen. It is the cross-sectional view of the upper cover 1a of the battery box of 2nd Embodiment, and is the enlarged cross-sectional view near the boundary
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a part of the upper cover 1a of the battery box of the second embodiment before the thermal expansion heat insulating material expands.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a part of the upper cover 1a of the battery box of the second embodiment after the thermal expansion heat insulating material has expanded. The arrow indicates the direction in which the flame generated by the battery pack approaches the upper cover 1a.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a part of the upper cover 1a of the battery box of the second embodiment after the thermal expansion heat insulating material is further expanded. The arrow indicates the direction in which the flame generated by the battery pack approaches the upper cover 1a.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a part of the upper cover 1 of the battery box of the first embodiment before the thermal expansion heat insulating material expands.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a part of the upper cover 1 of the battery box of the first embodiment after the thermal expansion heat insulating material has expanded. The arrow indicates the direction in which the flame generated by the battery pack approaches the upper cover 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a part of the upper cover 1 of the battery box of the first embodiment after the thermal expansion heat insulating material is further expanded. The arrows indicate that some of the thermal expansion insulation has fallen off. It is sectional drawing of the upper cover 1b of the battery box of 3rd Embodiment.
  • the outline of the battery box 3 of the first embodiment is shown in FIG.
  • the battery box 3 includes a box body 2 and an upper cover 1.
  • the battery box main body 2 accommodates a plurality of battery packs 5.
  • the battery in the battery pack 5 is, for example, a lithium ion battery.
  • the upper cover 1 is arranged above the battery pack 5. The upper cover 1 together with the battery box main body 2 seals the battery pack 5.
  • the battery box 3 containing the battery pack 5 is arranged on the chassis and under the living space such as a seat. That is, the upper cover 1 is arranged between the battery pack 5 and the seat or the like. The upper cover 1 also plays a role of preventing flames and high temperatures from being transmitted to the sheet or the like when the battery pack 5 goes out of control due to thermal runaway.
  • the upper cover 1 is provided not only with a flat portion but also with irregularities as appropriate. Further, the heights of the battery packs 5 after being housed in the battery box 3 cannot be said to be the same, and as shown in FIG. 1, the heights are often different. Therefore, the upper cover 1 has not only a horizontal portion but also a portion having an inclined surface.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the upper cover 1 of the present embodiment. Note that FIG. 2 is shown upside down as in the case of being used for the battery box 3. That is, the battery pack 5 is arranged on the upper side of FIG. This also applies to FIGS. 3 to 4 and 7 to 10.
  • the heat insulating material layer 20 and the metal thin film layer 30 are laminated on the plastic layer 10.
  • the plastic layer 10 is also a structural member. As a lid, it covers the entire upper part of the battery box main body 2.
  • the plastic of the plastic layer 10 is a thermosetting resin such as unsaturated polyester, vinyl ester, or epoxy resin, or a thermoplastic resin such as polycarbonate, polypropylene, or vinyl chloride.
  • Plastics include fiber reinforced plastics.
  • Fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) is a plastic that is composited with a fibrous reinforcing material to improve mechanical strength and heat resistance. Examples of the fibrous reinforcing material include glass fiber, aramid fiber, and carbon fiber.
  • the heat insulating material layer 20 includes a fiber-based heat insulating material, a foamed plastic-based heat insulating material, and the like.
  • the fiber-based heat insulating material include glass wool and rock wool
  • examples of the foamed plastic-based material include urethane foam and phenol foam. Since foamed plastic-based heat insulating materials have problems such as flammability, it is desirable to knead an inorganic material, a flame retardant, or the like to improve the flame retardant performance.
  • the heat insulating material layer may be in a form that already satisfies the performance as a heat insulating material layer before heating, or may be a heat insulating material layer that expands instantly at the time of heating.
  • the insulation layer which expands during heating, begins to expand at a temperature of 120 ° C. to 260 ° C.
  • the volume after expansion when heated at 600 ° C. for 30 minutes is 1.1 to 100 times, for example, 20 to 40 times that before expansion.
  • An example of the heat insulating material layer 20 is Fiblock manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • the heat insulating material layer 20 may be arranged on a part of the lower surface (inner surface of the battery box 3) of the plastic layer 10.
  • the heat insulating material layer 20 may be arranged at a position facing the discharge valve (not shown) for releasing the gas inside the battery pack 5 at the time of high pressure of the battery pack 5. By doing so, efficient heat insulation becomes possible.
  • the metal thin film layer 30 is, for example, an aluminum foil.
  • the thickness is 0.006 mm or more and 0.2 mm or less.
  • the metal thin film layer 30 prevents the thermal expansion heat insulating material from falling when the heat insulating material layer 20 expands. Further, since the metal thin film has a high thermal conductivity, the heat hit locally is dispersed and the heat expansion heat insulating material can be expanded widely as compared with the case where there is no metal thin film, and the heat insulating efficiency can be increased.
  • the heat insulating material layer 20 expands to form a heat insulating layer to insulate the upper part of the upper cover 1.
  • the upper cover 1a of the battery box of the second embodiment has a heat insulating material layer 20, a fiber layer 40, and a metal thin film layer 30 laminated on the plastic layer 10.
  • the plastic layer 10, the heat insulating material layer 20, and the metal thin film layer 30 are the same as those of the upper cover 1 of the first embodiment.
  • the upper cover 1a of the present embodiment further has a fiber layer 40.
  • a plain weave cloth of inorganic fibers such as glass fiber and carbon fiber is mainly used.
  • a plain weave cloth having a density of 16 ⁇ 15/25 mm JISR3414
  • the fiber diameter is about 3 to 10 ⁇ m, and a fiber bundle in which several tens to several hundreds are bundled is used.
  • FIG. 5A to 5C schematically show a cross-sectional view of the upper cover 1a of the present embodiment.
  • the cross section of the heat insulating material layer 20 of the upper cover 1a of the present embodiment before expansion is shown in FIG. 5A
  • the cross section after expansion is shown in FIG. 5B
  • the cross section after expansion is shown in FIG. 5C.
  • the heat insulating material layer 20 rapidly expands as shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C.
  • the expanded heat insulating material then enters between the fiber layers 40, further passes through the fiber layers 40, and extends outside the fiber layers 40 (FIG. 5B).
  • FIGS. 6A to 6C the cross sections of the heat insulating material layer 20 before and after expansion are shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C.
  • the heat insulating material layer 20 of the upper cover 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 6A expands, as shown in FIG. 6B, the metal thin film layer 30 reduces the scattering and destruction of the thermal expansion heat insulating material to a certain extent.
  • the thermal expansion heat insulating material is likely to be scattered or broken when a hole is formed in the metal thin film layer 30 (FIG. 6C).
  • FIG. 1b of the third embodiment A cross-sectional view of the upper cover 1b of the third embodiment is shown in FIG.
  • the fiber layer 40 is arranged between the metal thin film layer 30 and the heat insulating material layer 20, but in the third embodiment, between the plastic layer 10 and the heat insulating material layer 20.
  • the fiber layer 40 is arranged in. That is, the fiber layer 40 may be above or below the heat insulating material layer 20 as long as it is arranged in contact with the heat insulating material layer 20.
  • the heat insulating material is formed between the fiber layers 40. Since it penetrates and the fibers hold the heat insulating material, it is possible to reduce the scattering and destruction of the thermal expansion heat insulating material.
  • the configuration of the upper cover 1c of the battery box of the fourth embodiment is substantially the same as that of the upper cover 1a of the second embodiment and the upper cover 1b of the third embodiment, but as shown in FIG. It includes layer 22.
  • the fiber layer 40 exists between the upper and lower heat insulating material layers 20 and 22 to reduce the scattering and destruction of the thermal expansion heat insulating material.
  • ⁇ Modification example 4A> The configuration of the upper cover 1d of the battery box of the modified example 4A is almost the same as that of the upper cover 1c of the fourth embodiment, but as shown in FIG. 9, further, between the metal thin film layer 30 and the heat insulating material layer 20. Also provided with a fiber layer 42. Since the upper cover 1e of the modified example 4A has the double heat insulating material layers 20 and 22 and further includes the double fiber layer, it is possible to reduce the scattering and breakage of the thermal expansion heat insulating material.
  • the configuration of the upper cover 1e of the battery box of the fifth embodiment is substantially the same as the configuration of the upper cover 1a of the second embodiment, but as shown in FIG. 10, the heat insulating material layer 20 includes short fibers 24. I'm out. By including the short fibers 24 in the heat insulating material layer 20, the strength of the layer itself is increased.
  • the strength of the layer itself is increased by containing the short fibers in the heat insulating material layers 20 and 22.
  • the battery box 3 of the sixth embodiment includes a box body 2. On the side surface or the bottom surface of the battery box main body 2, the heat insulating material layer 20 and the metal thin film layer 30 are laminated on the plastic layer 10.
  • the plastic layer 10 is also a structural member of the box body 2.
  • the layer structure of the upper cover 1 has been described, but by applying the same layer structure to the side surface or the bottom surface of the battery box 3, when the battery is thermally runaway, It is possible to reduce the transmission of instantaneous combustion and high temperature. In addition, electromagnetic waves generated from the battery can be shielded.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un couvercle supérieur de ce boîtier de batterie pour automobiles électriques atténuant la transmission de combustion instantanée et de haute température à une partie supérieure du boîtier de batterie lorsqu'une batterie subit un emballement thermique. Un couvercle supérieur (1) d'un boîtier de batterie (3) de la présente invention comprend : une couche de matière plastique (10) disposée au-dessus d'un bloc-batterie (5) ; une couche de film mince métallique (30) disposée sur une surface de la couche de plastique (10) opposée au bloc-batterie (5) ; et une première couche de matériau d'isolation thermique (20) disposée entre la couche de plastique (10) et la couche de film mince métallique (30).
PCT/JP2021/003666 2020-03-26 2021-02-02 Boîtier de batterie pour véhicules électriques WO2021192620A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2022509339A JPWO2021192620A1 (fr) 2020-03-26 2021-02-02

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2020-055942 2020-03-26
JP2020055942 2020-03-26

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021192620A1 true WO2021192620A1 (fr) 2021-09-30

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PCT/JP2021/003666 WO2021192620A1 (fr) 2020-03-26 2021-02-02 Boîtier de batterie pour véhicules électriques

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012523087A (ja) * 2009-04-01 2012-09-27 エルジー・ケム・リミテッド モジュールの設計構造に柔軟性を有するバッテリーモジュール、並びにそのバッテリーモジュールを含む中型および大型のバッテリーパック
US20160218335A1 (en) * 2015-01-22 2016-07-28 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Battery pack cover for an electrified vehicle
WO2017056410A1 (fr) * 2015-09-29 2017-04-06 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Module de cellules
JP2018098074A (ja) * 2016-12-14 2018-06-21 三菱自動車工業株式会社 組電池
WO2019163839A1 (fr) * 2018-02-20 2019-08-29 積水化学工業株式会社 Stratifié ignifuge et batterie

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012523087A (ja) * 2009-04-01 2012-09-27 エルジー・ケム・リミテッド モジュールの設計構造に柔軟性を有するバッテリーモジュール、並びにそのバッテリーモジュールを含む中型および大型のバッテリーパック
US20160218335A1 (en) * 2015-01-22 2016-07-28 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Battery pack cover for an electrified vehicle
WO2017056410A1 (fr) * 2015-09-29 2017-04-06 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Module de cellules
JP2018098074A (ja) * 2016-12-14 2018-06-21 三菱自動車工業株式会社 組電池
WO2019163839A1 (fr) * 2018-02-20 2019-08-29 積水化学工業株式会社 Stratifié ignifuge et batterie

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