JP2022536556A - 再充電可能な電気エネルギー貯蔵システム用の熱バリア材料 - Google Patents
再充電可能な電気エネルギー貯蔵システム用の熱バリア材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022536556A JP2022536556A JP2022506327A JP2022506327A JP2022536556A JP 2022536556 A JP2022536556 A JP 2022536556A JP 2022506327 A JP2022506327 A JP 2022506327A JP 2022506327 A JP2022506327 A JP 2022506327A JP 2022536556 A JP2022536556 A JP 2022536556A
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Images
Classifications
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- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
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Abstract
Description
本明細書で使用するとき、
「熱バリア材料」とは、熱事象の拡散又は拡大を制限するように設計された材料を意味する。本発明の熱バリア材料は、熱又は火炎の透過を低減することができ、また任意選択的に、熱暴走事象中における破片からの保護を提供することができる。
「厚さ」は、単層物品又は多層バリア物品の両面の間の距離を意味する。
「布地」は、無機繊維の織り交ぜ、織り、編み、又はかぎ針編みによって生成される柔軟な材料又は布地を意味する。
完全に加水分解されたポリビニルアルコール(PVA)を参照する際のその使用に関して、「完全に加水分解された」とは、加水分解度が滴定によって測定されるPVAポリマー中の98モル%以上であることを意味する。
1.バーストプレートが開いたときの爆発性通気(例えば、120Ahプリズムセルで6~8バール)、即時温度は約700℃まで増加する。
2.高圧ジェットガス通気及び高温(典型的には600~700℃で約30~50秒)での粒子ブローアウト。
3.静かなガス通気/発光炎。
釘刺し試験:
本発明による多層材料を試験するために使用された釘刺し試験は、以下のように実施された。釘刺し試験は、高容量(120Ah)プリズムLiイオン電池セルで行った。セル内の熱を保つために、1つの単一Liイオンセルの両側を断熱ハードプラスターFERMACEL(市販のプレート)で覆った。このサンドイッチ構造(FERMACELLプレート-電池セル-FERMACELLプレート)は、2枚の強力な鋼板の間に、巨大なワークベンチに固定された。鋼釘(直径5mmのX15CrNiSi25-21釘)は、25mm/分の速度で、鋼板の穴から100%帯電したセルに貫通する。
サンドブラスト試験について、市販のサンドブラストキャビネットを使用した。サンプル材料を、寸法100×50mmの金属シートに取り付けた。寸法80×45mmのサンプルを、全ての側面にマスキングテープで金属シートに固定した。キャビネット内の固定具は、ノズルの前の画定された位置にサンプルを保持した。圧縮空気を使用して、試験片が直径4±1mmの面積で損傷するまで、サンドブラスト媒体を標的に加速させた。研磨時間(秒(s))は、粒子充填空気に対するサンプルの耐性の尺度であった。サンプル材料は、試験前に700℃5分間で、実験室キルン(Nabertherm GmBH(Lilienthal,Germany)のL24/11/P330)を熱処理した又は熱処理しなかった。サンドブラスト試験条件は、以下の通りであった。ノズルまでのサンプル距離65mm、ノズル直径4mm、粒径70~110マイクロメートルを有するタイプ211ガラスビーズを媒体として使用し、衝撃角は90°~100°であった。
材料サンプルは、周囲温度及び湿度で調整するか、又は試験前に少なくとも16時間、95%の相対湿度及び23℃に曝露した。湿度曝露は、試験サンプルを水位の上方に保つために、水及び上昇したプラットフォームからなる密封された高湿度容器にサンプル材料を配置することによって達成された。湿度曝露試料を、Williams Applate Co(Watertown,NY,USA)から180°F(82℃)で約10分間入手可能な実験室乾燥缶で乾燥させ、試験テープタブは、サンプルに十分に接着して接着結合試験を行うことができる。
ASTM D-6125のガーレー剛性試験方法を使用した。試験サンプルを周囲条件で事前調整した。
ISO4606及びASTM D-828の引張試験方法を使用した。引張測定は、非熱処理サンプルで行った。
ASTM D-689の試験方法を使用して引裂強度を測定した。試験サンプルを周囲条件で事前調整した。
ASTM D-149の試験方法を使用して、絶縁破壊電圧を測定した。試験サンプルを周囲条件で事前調整した。
UL94 HB燃焼性試験の方法に従った。材料がパンクしていない場合、サンプルは試験に合格した。
試験室ブレンダー中でケイ酸ナトリウム及び選択された有機添加剤を室温で組み合わせることによって、改質無機接着剤を調製した。改質接着剤組成物データを表4に提供する。
比較例1を、1.8mmサイズの噴霧ヘッドを備えた3M Accuspray ONE Spray Gunシステムを使用して、Micashield D338Sでコーティングした。サンプルを80℃で30分間乾燥した。マイカ層は、約30gsmの乾燥重量を有した。サンプル構造を表1に表し、試験性能データを表2に提供する。
多層ラミネートは、#30メイヤーロッドを使用して、ドローダウンし、RHOPLEX E-358アクリルエマルションを15ミルのCEQUIN I無機絶縁紙材料に適用することによって調製した。次いで、TG430/9KK-CSケイ酸カルシウムでコーティングされたガラス布地を上に配置し、4.54kg(10ポンド)のローラーで圧延した。次いで、多層ラミネートを82℃(180°F)で5分間乾燥させた。サンプル構造を表4に表し、試験性能データを表5に提供する。
15ミルのCEQUIN I無機絶縁紙のサンプルを1000℃火炎試験(火炎試験A)に供した。サンプルは45秒で炎が燃え尽きて不合格であった。
20ミルのCEQUIN I無機絶縁紙のサンプルを1000℃火炎試験(火炎試験A)に供した。サンプルは189秒で炎が燃え尽きて不合格であった。
TG430/9KK-CSケイ酸カルシウムでコーティングされたガラス布地のサンプルを1000℃火炎試験(火炎試験A)に供した。サンプルは9秒で炎が燃え尽きて不合格であった。
TW-600-13-100玄武岩布地のサンプルは、1000℃火炎試験(火炎試験A)に合格したが、2000℃火炎試験(火炎試験B)に不合格で、5秒で火炎が燃え尽きた。
実施例1~3の多層ラミネートは、3M Display Mount spray接着剤を布地に噴霧することによって調製した。繊維マットを布地の上に配置し、次いで4.54kg(10ポンド)ローラーで圧延した。サンプル構造を表1に表し、試験性能データを表2に提供する。
実施例4~6の多層ラミネートは、#30メイヤーロッドを使用して、ドローダウンし、K(登録商標)ケイ酸ナトリウム接着剤をCEQUIN I無機絶縁紙材料に適用することによって調製した。次いで、無機布地層を無機接着剤層の上に配置し、次いで、4.54kg(10ポンド)のローラーで圧延した。次いで、多層ラミネートを82℃(180°F)で5分間乾燥させた。例えば、EX6、K(登録商標)ケイ酸ナトリウム接着剤の第2の層を、#30メイヤーロッドを使用してCEQUIN I無機絶縁紙の反対側に適用した。次いで、第2の無機布地層を第2の無機接着剤層の上に配置し、4.54kg(10ポンド)のローラーで圧延し、82℃(180°F)で5分間乾燥させた。サンプル構造を表1に表し、選択された物理的、機械的、及び電気的特性を表2に提供し、熱/火炎バリア試験性能データを表3に提供する。
実施例7~13の多層ラミネートは、#30メイヤーロッドを使用して、ドローダウンし、無機又は改質無機接着剤を20ミルCEQUIN I無機絶縁紙材料に適用することによって調製した。次いで、TG430ガラス布布地の層を上に配置し、4.54kg(10ポンド)ローラーで圧延した。多層ラミネートを180°F(82℃)で5分間乾燥させた。実施例14は、SC2025ケイ酸カルシウムでコーティングされた繊維ガラス布地を、TG430ガラス布布地の代わりにKSS無機接着剤を用いて20ミルCEQUIN I無機絶縁紙材料に結合したことを除いて、実施例EX7~EX13と同じ手順に従って調製した。サンプル構造を表4に表し、試験性能データを表5に提供する。
実施例15は、#30メイヤーロッドを使用して、ドローダウンし、第1の100重量%KSS無機接着剤層を20ミルCeQUIN I無機絶縁紙に適用することによって調製した。次いで、TG430ガラス布布地の第1の層を第1の無機接着剤層の上に配置し、4.54kg(10ポンド)ローラーで圧延した。多層ラミネートを180°F(82℃)で5分間乾燥させた。次いで、KSS接着剤の第2の層を、#30メイヤーロッドを使用してCEQUIN I無機絶縁紙の反対側に適用した。次いで、第2の無機TG 430ガラス布布地層を第2の無機接着剤層の上に配置し、4.54kg(10ポンド)のローラーで圧延し、82℃(180°F)で5分間乾燥させた。得られた多層ラミネートの坪量は1415.9gsmであり、総サンプル厚は1.48mmであった。試験性能データを表5に提供する。
Claims (22)
- 再充電可能な電気エネルギー貯蔵システムにおける断熱バリアとして使用するための多層材料であって、
無機接着剤によって無機粒子及び無機繊維を含む不織布層に結合された少なくとも1つの無機布地層を含み、前記無機接着剤は、前記無機接着剤の総固形分含有量に基づいて、少なくとも99重量%の無機成分と、少なくとも0.01重量%及び1重量%未満の有機添加剤と、を含む改質無機接着剤である、多層材料。 - 前記無機布地が、Eガラス繊維、Rガラス繊維、ECRガラス繊維、玄武岩繊維、浸出及びイオン交換繊維(leached and ion-exchanged fibers)、セラミック繊維、ケイ酸塩繊維、スチールフィラメント、又はこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項1に記載の多層材料。
- 前記無機布地が、ガラス繊維布地である、請求項1又は2に記載の多層材料。
- 前記ガラス繊維布地が、ケイ酸カルシウムコーティングでコーティングされている、請求項3に記載の多層材料。
- 前記少なくとも1つの不織布層が、Eガラス繊維、Sガラス繊維、Rガラス繊維、ECRガラス繊維、玄武岩繊維、セラミック繊維、多結晶繊維、非バイオ永続繊維、アルミナ繊維、シリカ繊維、又はこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の多層材料。
- 前記少なくとも1つの不織布層が、無機紙又は無機基板を含む、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の多層材料。
- 前記不織布層が、ガラス繊維及びマイクロファイバー、無機粒子、並びに有機接着剤結合剤を含む無機絶縁紙である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の多層材料。
- 再充電可能な電気エネルギー貯蔵システムにおける断熱バリアとして使用するための多層材料であって、
ガラス繊維及びマイクロファイバー、無機粒子、並びに有機結合剤を含む無機紙と、
無機接着剤によって前記無機紙の主表面に結合された表面コーティングされたガラス繊維布地層と、を含む、多層材料。 - 前記ガラス繊維布地が、ケイ酸カルシウムコーティングでコーティングされている、請求項8に記載の多層材料。
- 前記無機接着剤が、前記無機接着剤の総固形分含有量に基づいて、少なくとも99重量%の無機成分と、少なくとも0.01重量%及び1重量%未満の有機添加剤と、を含む改質無機接着剤である、請求項8又は9に記載の多層材料。
- 前記無機接着剤が、前記無機接着剤の総固形分含有量に基づいて、少なくとも99.9重量%の無機成分と、0.01~0.1重量%の有機添加剤と、を含む改質無機接着剤である、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の多層材料。
- 前記有機添加剤が、ポリビニルアルコールである、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の多層材料。
- 前記無機布地が、0.3~3mmの範囲内の厚さを有する、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の多層材料。
- 前記無機布地が、400g/m2を超える坪量を有する、請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の多層材料。
- 前記少なくとも1つの不織布層が、100~2500g/mの範囲内の重量を有する、請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の多層材料。
- 前記多層材料が、0.7~5mmの総厚を有する、請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の多層材料。
- 前記無機接着剤によって不織布層の露出表面に結合された第2の布地層を更に含む、請求項1~16のいずれか一項に記載の多層材料。
- 再充電可能な電気エネルギー貯蔵システムにおける断熱バリアとして使用するための多層材料であって、
無機接着剤によって無機粒子及び無機繊維を含む不織布層の第1の主表面に結合された第1の無機布地層と、
前記無機接着剤によって前記不織布層の第2の主表面に結合された第2の無機布地層と、を備え、
前記無機接着剤は、前記無機接着剤の総固形分含有量に基づいて、少なくとも99重量%の無機成分と、少なくとも0.01重量%及び1重量%未満の有機添加剤と、を含む改質無機接着剤である、多層材料。 - 少なくとも1つの電池セルと、
前記多層材料は、熱暴走事象中に火炎バリアを提供する、請求項1~18のいずれか一項に記載の多層材料と、を備える、再充電可能な電気エネルギー貯蔵システム。 - 前記多層材料が、前記少なくとも1つの電池セルに面する前記無機布地と共に配置されている、請求項19に記載の再充電可能な電気エネルギー貯蔵システム。
- 前記多層材料が、前記少なくとも1つの電池セルと前記貯蔵システムの蓋との間に配置されている、請求項19又は20に記載の再充電可能な電気エネルギー貯蔵システム。
- 前記多層材料が、接着剤で前記蓋に取り付けられている、請求項21に記載の再充電可能な電気エネルギー貯蔵システム。
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US11735332B2 (en) | 2023-08-22 |
CN114270606B (zh) | 2024-01-30 |
US20220262539A1 (en) | 2022-08-18 |
KR102486895B1 (ko) | 2023-01-10 |
CN114270606A (zh) | 2022-04-01 |
KR20220031724A (ko) | 2022-03-11 |
EP4008039A1 (en) | 2022-06-08 |
EP4008039B1 (en) | 2024-05-15 |
US20230395281A1 (en) | 2023-12-07 |
WO2021022130A1 (en) | 2021-02-04 |
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