WO2021192141A1 - 電力変換装置 - Google Patents
電力変換装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021192141A1 WO2021192141A1 PCT/JP2020/013662 JP2020013662W WO2021192141A1 WO 2021192141 A1 WO2021192141 A1 WO 2021192141A1 JP 2020013662 W JP2020013662 W JP 2020013662W WO 2021192141 A1 WO2021192141 A1 WO 2021192141A1
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- power conversion
- unit
- contactor
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- power
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 434
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 43
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/493—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0009—Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a power conversion device.
- Electric railroad vehicles are equipped with a power conversion device that converts the power supplied from the substation via the overhead wire into desired DC power or AC power, and supplies the converted DC power or AC power to the load.
- a power conversion device that converts the power supplied from the substation via the overhead wire into desired DC power or AC power, and supplies the converted DC power or AC power to the load.
- An example of this type of power conversion device is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- This power conversion device has two power conversion units that convert DC power supplied from the power supply via the primary terminal into AC power and supply it to the load connected to the secondary terminal, and the corresponding power. It includes two filter capacitors that are connected to the primary terminal of the conversion unit and are charged by the power supplied from the power supply.
- the power converter further comprises a contactor that electrically connects or disconnects the two power converters from the power source.
- the power conversion unit of the power conversion device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is duplicated. Specifically, one power converter is set to the active system and the other power converter is set to the standby system. Specifically, this power conversion device controls the switching element of the power conversion unit set in the operating system to operate the power conversion unit set in the operating system to convert DC power to AC power. Perform the conversion. When a failure occurs in the power conversion unit set in the operating system, the power conversion device can continue the power conversion process by operating the power conversion unit set in the standby system.
- the power conversion unit is duplicated, whereas only one contactor is provided. Therefore, if the contactor fails, the power conversion device cannot continue the power conversion process. In other words, the redundancy of this power converter is not sufficient.
- the present disclosure has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a highly redundant power conversion device.
- the power conversion device of the present disclosure includes a plurality of power conversion units, a contactor control unit, and a sensor unit.
- Each of the plurality of power conversion units has a power conversion unit, a contactor, and a unit control unit.
- the power conversion unit converts the power supplied from the power source into power for supplying the load, and supplies the converted power to the load.
- the contactor electrically connects or disconnects the power converter from the power source.
- the unit control unit controls the switching element of the power conversion unit. Further, a plurality of power conversion units are commonly connected to the power supply.
- the contactor control unit turns on or opens the contactor of each of the plurality of power conversion units.
- the sensor unit measures at least one of the input current value and the output current value of the power conversion unit of each of the plurality of power conversion units, and measures at least one of the input current and the output current of the power conversion unit. Is output.
- the unit control units are connected to each other by a transmission line.
- the unit control unit has at least one of the measured values of the input current and the output current of the power conversion unit to be controlled, and the state in which the contactor corresponding to the power conversion unit to be controlled is turned on and open. Based on which of the above, the presence or absence of a failure of the power conversion unit is determined, and the determination result is sent to another unit control unit.
- each of the power conversion devices according to the present disclosure has a power conversion unit and a contactor and includes a plurality of power conversion units commonly connected to a power source, it is possible to provide a power conversion device with high redundancy. It will be possible.
- Block diagram of the power conversion device according to the first embodiment Perspective view of the input current sensor according to the first embodiment Cross-sectional view of the input current sensor according to the first embodiment A sequence diagram showing communication between unit control units according to the first embodiment.
- Block diagram of the power conversion device according to the second embodiment A sequence diagram showing communication between unit control units according to the second embodiment.
- Block diagram of the power conversion device according to the third embodiment Perspective view of the input current sensor according to the third embodiment Block diagram of the power conversion device according to the fourth embodiment Perspective view of the output current sensor according to the fourth embodiment Cross-sectional view of the output current sensor according to the fourth embodiment Block diagram of the power conversion device according to the fifth embodiment Perspective view of the output current sensor according to the fifth embodiment
- the power conversion device 1 according to the first embodiment will be described by taking as an example a power conversion device mounted on a vehicle, specifically, a power conversion device mounted on a DC feeder type electric railroad vehicle.
- the power conversion device 1 shown in FIG. 1 converts the DC power supplied from the power source into power for supplying the load and supplies the DC power to the load.
- the current collector 52 that acquires electric power from the substation via the overhead wire 51 corresponds to the power source.
- the current collector 52 is, for example, a pantograph.
- the electric motor 53 which receives and drives the electric power supplied from the electric power converter 1 and generates the propulsive force of the electric railway vehicle, corresponds to the load.
- the electric motor 53 is, for example, a three-phase induction motor.
- the power conversion device 1 converts the DC power supplied from the current collector 52 into electric power for supplying to the motor 53, for example, three-phase AC power, and supplies the three-phase AC power to the motor 53. do.
- the power conversion device 1 includes a plurality of power conversion units 10 and 20 in order to increase redundancy.
- One of the power conversion units 10 and 20 is set to the operating system, and the other of the power conversion units 10 and 20 is set to the standby system.
- the power conversion units 10 and 20 are commonly connected to the current collector 52. Further, the power conversion units 10 and 20 are commonly connected to the motor 53 via a switch 31 described later.
- the power conversion unit 10 is set as the operating system, and the power conversion unit 20 is set as the standby system.
- the power conversion unit 10 converts the DC power supplied from the current collector 52 into three-phase AC power and supplies it to the motor 53.
- the power conversion unit 20 does not perform the power conversion process.
- the power conversion unit 20 is set in the operating system, and the power conversion unit 20 starts the power conversion process.
- the power conversion unit 20 converts the DC power supplied from the current collector 52 into three-phase AC power, and supplies the three-phase AC power to the motor 53.
- the configuration of the power conversion device 1 will be described below.
- the power conversion device 1 includes a positive electrode input terminal 1a connected to the current collector 52 and a negative electrode input terminal 1b to be grounded.
- the power conversion units 10 and 20 receive DC power from the current collector 52 via the positive input terminal 1a, convert the DC power into three-phase AC power, and supply the three-phase AC power to the motor 53.
- the power conversion unit 10 converts the DC power supplied from the current collector 52 via the primary terminal into three-phase AC power for supplying the electric power 53, and supplies the three-phase AC power from the secondary terminal to the electric power 53.
- a control unit 12 is provided.
- the power conversion unit 10 preferably includes a filter capacitor FC1 connected between the primary terminals of the power conversion unit 11, and a filter reactor FL1 that forms a filter that reduces harmonics together with the filter capacitor FC1.
- the power conversion unit 20 converts the DC power supplied from the current collector 52 via the primary terminal into three-phase AC power for supplying the electric power 53, and supplies the three-phase AC power from the secondary terminal to the electric power 53.
- a control unit 22 is provided.
- the power conversion unit 20 preferably includes a filter capacitor FC2 connected between the primary terminals of the power conversion unit 21, and a filter reactor FL2 that forms a filter that reduces harmonics together with the filter capacitor FC2.
- the power conversion device 1 controls a switch 31 that electrically connects any of the power conversion units 10 and 20 to the electric motor 53, and a contact device MC1 that controls the switch 31 and has each of the power conversion units 10 and 20.
- the contactor control unit 32 that turns on or off the MC2, and the sensor unit 33 that measures at least one of the input current value and output current value of each of the power conversion units 11 and 21 and outputs the measured value.
- the input current of the power conversion unit 11 indicates a current that flows into the power conversion unit 11 via the primary terminal of the power conversion unit 11 or a current that flows out of the power conversion unit 11 via the primary terminal of the power conversion unit 11. And.
- the input current of the power conversion unit 21 is a current that flows into the power conversion unit 21 via the primary terminal of the power conversion unit 21 or a current that flows out of the power conversion unit 21 via the primary terminal of the power conversion unit 21. It shall be shown.
- the output current of the power conversion unit 11 is a current flowing out of the power conversion unit 11 via the secondary terminal of the power conversion unit 11 or a current flowing into the power conversion unit 11 via the secondary terminal of the power conversion unit 11. It shall be shown.
- the output current of the power conversion unit 21 flows out from the power conversion unit 21 via the secondary terminal of the power conversion unit 21 or flows into the power conversion unit 21 via the secondary terminal of the power conversion unit 21. It shall indicate the current.
- the sensor unit 33 measures the value of each input current of the power conversion units 11 and 21. Specifically, the sensor unit 33 measures the value of the input current of the power conversion unit 11, and more specifically, the value of the current flowing through the input bus bar B1 connecting the filter reactor FL1 and the power conversion unit 11, and measures the measured value. It has an output current sensor CT1. Further, the sensor unit 33 measures the value of the input current of the power conversion unit 21, specifically, the value of the current flowing through the input bus bar B2 connecting the filter reactor FL2 and the power conversion unit 21, and outputs the measured value. It has a current sensor CT2.
- the positive electrode input terminal 1a is connected to a current collector 52 which is a power source.
- the negative electrode input terminal 1b is grounded via, for example, a grounding brush, wheels, and rails.
- the contactor MC1 is a DC electromagnetic contactor and is controlled by the contactor control unit 32. Specifically, the contactor MC1 is turned on or released by the contactor control signal S1 output by the contactor control unit 32.
- the contactor control unit 32 throws in the contactor MC1, one end and the other end of the contactor MC1 are connected to each other. As a result, the power conversion unit 11 and the filter capacitor FC1 are electrically connected to the current collector 52 via the filter reactor FL1 and receive power from the current collector 52.
- the contactor control unit 32 opens the contactor MC1, one end and the other end of the contactor MC1 are insulated. As a result, the power conversion unit 11 and the filter capacitor FC1 are electrically disconnected from the current collector 52, and cannot receive power from the current collector 52.
- One end of the filter reactor FL1 is connected to the other end of the contactor MC1, and the other end is connected to one of the primary terminals of the power conversion unit 11 and one end of the filter capacitor FC1.
- the filter capacitor FC1 is connected between the primary terminals of the power conversion unit 11 and is charged with the power supplied from the current collector 52. Specifically, one end of the filter capacitor FC1 is connected to a connection point between the other end of the filter reactor FL1 and one of the primary terminals of the power conversion unit 11. The other end of the filter capacitor FC1 is connected to the connection point between the negative electrode input terminal 1b and the other of the primary terminals of the power conversion unit 11.
- the filter reactor FL1 and the filter capacitor FC1 form a filter that reduces harmonics.
- the power conversion unit 11 converts the DC power supplied via the primary terminal into three-phase AC power, and supplies the three-phase AC power from each secondary terminal to the motor 53 via the switch 31.
- the power conversion unit 11 is a VVVF (Variable Voltage Variable Frequency) inverter.
- the power conversion unit 11 has a plurality of switching elements capable of high-speed switching, for example, an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor). As will be described later, a plurality of switching elements are controlled by the unit control unit 12, and by repeating on / off, the power conversion unit 11 converts DC power into three-phase AC power. Then, the power conversion unit 11 supplies the three-phase AC power to the motor 53 via the switch 31.
- the unit control unit 12 acquires an operation command from a master controller provided in a driver's cab (not shown).
- the operation command includes a power running command indicating the target acceleration of the electric railway vehicle, a brake command indicating the target deceleration of the electric railway vehicle, and the like.
- the unit control unit 12 sends a switching control signal S21 to the switching element of the power conversion unit 11 in response to the operation command to control the switching element.
- the unit control unit 12 operates by receiving power supplied from a control power source (not shown).
- the unit control unit 12 is in a state where at least one of the input current value and the output current value of the power conversion unit 11 to be controlled, and the contactor MC1 corresponding to the power conversion unit 11 is turned on and open. It is determined whether or not the power conversion unit 10 has a failure based on which of the above states.
- the unit control unit 12 acquires the value of the input current of the power conversion unit 11 from the sensor unit 33. Specifically, the unit control unit 12 acquires the measured value from the input current sensor CT1. Further, the unit control unit 12 acquires the contactor control signal S1 output by the contactor control unit 32, and based on the contactor control signal S1, either the contactor MC1 is turned on or the contactor MC1 is opened. To determine.
- the unit control unit 12 determines whether or not the power conversion unit 10 has failed based on the measured value of the input current sensor CT1 and whether the contactor MC1 is in the turned-on state or in the open state. do.
- the unit control unit 12 fails in the power conversion unit 10 when the contactor MC1 is turned on and the absolute value of the measured value of the input current sensor CT1 is not in the first current range. It is determined that it is.
- the first current range is determined according to a value that can be taken by the current flowing through the overhead wire 51.
- the upper limit of the first current range is 1.5 times the maximum value that the current flowing through the overhead wire 51 can take, and the lower limit of the first current range can be taken by the current flowing through the overhead wire 51. It is 0.5 times the minimum value of the value.
- the unit control unit 12 states that the power conversion unit 10 has failed when the contactor MC1 is open and the absolute value of the measured value of the input current sensor CT1 is not in the second current range. Determine.
- the second current range is a sufficiently narrow range in which the lower limit value is 0A.
- the unit control unit 12 sends the determination result to another unit control unit, that is, the unit control unit 22. Further, the unit control unit 12 sends the determination result to the contactor control unit 32.
- the contactor MC2 is a DC electromagnetic contactor and is controlled by the contactor control unit 32. Specifically, the contactor MC2 is turned on or released by the contactor control signal S1 output by the contactor control unit 32.
- the contactor control unit 32 throws in the contactor MC2, one end and the other end of the contactor MC2 are connected to each other. As a result, the power conversion unit 21 and the filter capacitor FC2 are electrically connected to the current collector 52 via the filter reactor FL2, and receive power from the current collector 52.
- the contactor control unit 32 opens the contactor MC2, one end and the other end of the contactor MC2 are insulated. As a result, the power conversion unit 21 and the filter capacitor FC2 are electrically disconnected from the current collector 52, and cannot receive power from the current collector 52.
- One end of the filter reactor FL2 is connected to the other end of the contactor MC2, and the other end is connected to one of the primary terminals of the power conversion unit 21 and one end of the filter capacitor FC2, respectively.
- the filter capacitor FC2 is connected between the primary terminals of the power conversion unit 21 and is charged with the power supplied from the current collector 52. Specifically, one end of the filter capacitor FC2 is connected to a connection point between the other end of the filter reactor FL2 and one of the primary terminals of the power conversion unit 21. The other end of the filter capacitor FC2 is connected to the connection point between the negative electrode input terminal 1b and the other of the primary terminals of the power conversion unit 21.
- the filter reactor FL2 and the filter capacitor FC2 form a filter that reduces harmonics.
- the power conversion unit 21 converts the DC power supplied via the primary terminal into three-phase AC power, and supplies the three-phase AC power from each secondary terminal to the motor 53 via the switch 31.
- the power conversion unit 21 is a VVVF inverter.
- the power conversion unit 21 has a plurality of switching elements capable of high-speed switching, for example, an IGBT. As will be described later, a plurality of switching elements are controlled by the unit control unit 22, and by repeating on / off, the power conversion unit 21 converts DC power into three-phase AC power. Then, the power conversion unit 21 supplies the three-phase AC power to the motor 53 via the switch 31.
- the unit control unit 22 acquires an operation command from a master controller provided in a driver's cab (not shown). Then, the unit control unit 22 sends a switching control signal S22 to the switching element of the power conversion unit 21 in response to the operation command to control the switching element.
- the unit control unit 22 operates by receiving power supplied from a control power source (not shown).
- the unit control unit 22 is in a state where at least one of the input current value and the output current value of the power conversion unit 21 to be controlled, and the contactor MC2 corresponding to the power conversion unit 21 is turned on and open. It is determined whether or not the power conversion unit 20 has a failure based on which of the above states.
- the unit control unit 22 acquires the value of the input current of the power conversion unit 21 from the sensor unit 33. Specifically, the unit control unit 22 acquires the measured value from the input current sensor CT2. Further, the unit control unit 22 acquires the contactor control signal S1 output by the contactor control unit 32, and based on the contactor control signal S1, either the contactor MC2 is turned on or the contactor MC2 is opened. To determine.
- the unit control unit 22 determines whether or not the power conversion unit 20 has failed based on the measured value of the input current sensor CT2 and whether the contactor MC2 is in the turned-on state or in the open state. do.
- the unit control unit 22 fails in the power conversion unit 20 when the contactor MC2 is turned on and the absolute value of the measured value of the input current sensor CT2 is not in the first current range. It is determined that it is. Further, the unit control unit 22 states that the power conversion unit 20 has failed when the contactor MC2 is open and the absolute value of the measured value of the input current sensor CT2 is not in the second current range. Determine.
- the unit control unit 22 sends the determination result to another unit control unit, that is, the unit control unit 12. Further, the unit control unit 22 sends the determination result to the contactor control unit 32.
- Each primary terminal of the switch 31 is connected to each corresponding output terminal of the power conversion units 10 and 20, specifically, each secondary terminal of the power conversion units 11 and 21. Further, each secondary terminal of the switch 31 is connected to the motor 53.
- the switch 31 is controlled by the contactor control unit 32, and electrically connects each primary terminal connected to the power conversion unit 11 and each corresponding secondary terminal, or is connected to the power conversion unit 21. Electrically connect each of the primary terminals and the corresponding secondary terminals.
- the contactor control unit 32 turns on or opens the contactors MC1 and MC2. Further, the contactor control unit 32 switches the switch 31 to an operating system or a standby system. An operation instruction signal for instructing the start or stop of the power conversion device 1 is supplied to the contactor control unit 32 from a driver's cab (not shown). Further, the contactor control unit 32 holds information in advance as to which of the power conversion units 10 and 20 is used as the operating system. Further, as described above, the unit control units 12 and 22 send the contactor control unit 32 a determination result indicating whether or not the power conversion units 10 and 20 have failed.
- the contactor control unit 32 instructs the contactor MC1 to be turned on when an operation instruction signal for instructing the start of the power conversion device 1 is supplied while the contactors MC1 and MC2 are both open.
- the contactor control signal S1 is output and the contactor MC1 is turned on.
- the contactor control unit 32 switches the switch 31 to the operating system, that is, electrically connects the secondary terminal of the power conversion unit 11 and the motor 53.
- the contactor control unit 32 outputs the contactor control signal S1 instructing the opening of the contactor MC2 to keep the contactor MC2 open.
- the contactor control unit 32 releases the contactor MC1 that has been turned on. As a result, both the contactors MC1 and MC2 are opened.
- the input current sensor CT1 is a CT (Current Transformer) type current sensor. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the input current sensor CT1 measures the current based on the changes in magnetic flux generated in the first case 41, the first magnetic core 42, and the first magnetic core 42. A first measurement circuit 43 is provided.
- CT Current Transformer
- the first case 41 has an annular shape having a through hole 41a in the center.
- the annular shape includes not only an annular shape but also a polygonal shape having a through hole formed in the center.
- the first case 41 is made of an insulator, for example, a synthetic resin.
- the first magnetic core 42 has an annular shape having a through hole in the center.
- the input current sensor CT1 having the above structure is attached to the input bus bar B1 with the insulation-treated input bus bar B1 inserted through the through hole 41a in the center of the first case 41.
- the input current sensor CT2 is attached to the input bus bar B2 with the insulation-treated input bus bar B2 inserted through the through hole 41a in the center of the first case 41.
- the operation of the power conversion device 1 having the above configuration will be described.
- the ascending switch for raising the current collector 52 is operated, and when the current collector 52 comes into contact with the overhead wire 51, the current collector 52 receives power from the substation.
- an operation instruction signal for instructing the start is supplied to the contactor control unit 32.
- the contactor control unit 32 is supplied with the opening / closing instruction signal instructing the start, the contactor MC2 is maintained in an open state, and the contactor control signal S1 instructing to turn on the contactor MC1 is output.
- the contactor MC1 is turned on and the contactor MC2 is maintained in an open state.
- the electric power acquired from the substation by the current collector 52 via the overhead wire 51 is supplied to the filter capacitor FC1 via the contactor MC1 and the filter reactor FL1, and the charging of the filter capacitor FC1 is started.
- the operation command from the driver's cab is input to the unit control units 12 and 22.
- the unit control units 12 and 22 acquire the values of the voltage between the terminals of the filter capacitors FC1 and FC2 from the voltage measurement unit (not shown), respectively.
- the contactor MC1 is turned on and the contactor MC2 is open, only the filter capacitor FC1 is charged.
- the unit control unit 12 sets the unit control unit 12.
- the switching element of the power conversion unit 11 is controlled so that the power conversion unit 11 converts the DC power into a three-phase AC power for driving the electric motor 53.
- the unit control unit 12 calculates the target torque for obtaining the target acceleration indicated by the power running command. Further, the unit control unit 12 acquires a measured value of the current flowing through the motor 53 from a motor current measuring unit (not shown), and calculates the actual torque of the motor 53 from the acquired measured value. Specifically, the unit control unit 12 acquires the measured value of the phase current flowing through the motor 53 from the motor current measuring unit that measures the values of the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase currents flowing through the motor 53, and the phase current. The actual torque of the motor 53 is calculated from the measured value of. Then, the unit control unit 12 controls the switching element by sending a switching control signal S21 to the switching element of the power conversion unit 11 in order to bring the actual torque of the motor 53 closer to the target torque.
- the unit control unit 22 keeps the switching element of the power conversion unit 21 in the off state because the contactor MC2 is open and the filter capacitor FC2 is not charged.
- the motor 53 When the operation command includes a brake command, that is, when the electric railroad vehicle is braked, the motor 53 operates as a generator and supplies three-phase AC power to the power conversion unit 11.
- the unit control unit 12 controls the switching element of the power conversion unit 11 and causes the power conversion unit 11 to convert the three-phase AC power into DC power.
- the power conversion device 1 can supply electric power to other electric railway vehicles located in the vicinity via the overhead wire 51. As a result, a regenerative braking force is generated in the electric railway vehicle, and the electric railway vehicle decelerates.
- the operation of the power conversion device 1 will be described by taking as an example a case where the input current of the power conversion unit 11 in the power conversion unit 10 becomes excessive.
- the unit control unit 12 determines that the power conversion unit 10 has failed because the measured value of the input current sensor CT1 is excessive and is not in the first current range. Then, the unit control unit 12 turns off the switching element of the power conversion unit 11. Further, the unit control unit 12 sends a determination result indicating that the power conversion unit 10 has failed to the unit control unit 22 and the contactor control unit 32.
- the contactor control unit 32 When the contactor MC1 is turned on, the contactor control unit 32 opens the contactor MC1 when it obtains a determination result indicating that the power conversion unit 10 has failed from the unit control unit 12. After that, the contactor control unit 32 controls the switch 31 to electrically connect the secondary terminal of the power conversion unit 21 and the electric motor 53. In other words, the switch 31 is switched to the standby system. Then, the contactor control unit 32 outputs the contactor control signal S1 instructing the contactor MC2 to be turned on, and turns on the contactor MC2.
- the contactor MC2 When the contactor MC2 is turned on, the electric power acquired from the substation by the current collector 52 via the overhead wire 51 is supplied to the filter capacitor FC2 via the contactor MC2 and the filter reactor FL2 to charge the filter capacitor FC2. Is started.
- the unit control unit 22 acquires the value of the voltage between the terminals of the filter capacitor FC2 from the voltage measurement unit (not shown).
- the unit control unit 22 sets the unit control unit 22. The switching element of the power conversion unit 21 is controlled so that the power conversion unit 21 converts the DC power into a three-phase AC power for driving the electric motor 53.
- the unit control unit 22 calculates the target torque for obtaining the target acceleration indicated by the power running command. Further, the unit control unit 22 acquires a measured value of the current flowing through the motor 53 from a motor current measuring unit (not shown), and calculates the actual torque of the motor 53 from the acquired measured value. Specifically, the unit control unit 22 acquires the measured value of the phase current flowing through the motor 53 from the motor current measuring unit that measures the values of the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase currents flowing through the motor 53, and the phase current. The actual torque of the motor 53 is calculated from the measured value of. Then, the unit control unit 22 sends a switching control signal S22 to the switching element of the power conversion unit 21 to control the switching element in order to bring the actual torque of the motor 53 closer to the target torque.
- the unit control unit 12 keeps the switching element of the power conversion unit 11 in the off state because the contactor MC1 is open and the filter capacitor FC1 is not charged.
- the unit control unit 22 receives the determination result indicating that the power conversion unit 10 has failed.
- the switching element of the power conversion unit 21 is controlled so that the power conversion unit 21 converts the three-phase AC power into DC power.
- the contactor control unit 32 controls the switch 31 to electrically connect the secondary terminal of the power conversion unit 21 and the electric motor 53 in the same manner as in the above example. Then, the power conversion device 1 can supply electric power to other electric railway vehicles located in the vicinity via the overhead wire 51.
- the electric railway vehicle can be continuously supplied with power to the electric motor 53, and the electric power generated by the electric motor 53 can be driven. Can be consumed to generate braking force in electric railway vehicles.
- the unit control units 12 and 22 determine whether or not the power conversion units 10 and 20 have failed at predetermined intervals, and transmit and receive the determination result.
- the transmission and reception of the discrimination results performed by the power conversion units 10 and 20 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the unit control unit 12 causes a failure of the power conversion unit 10 based on the measured value of the input current sensor CT1 and whether the contactor MC1 is turned on or open. The presence or absence is determined (step Sq1).
- the unit control unit 22 determines whether or not the power conversion unit 20 has failed based on the measured value of the input current sensor CT2 and whether the contactor MC2 is in the turned-on state or in the open state. Determine (step Sq2).
- the unit control unit 12 transmits the text data including the determination result of step Sq1 to the unit control unit 22 via the transmission line TL1 (step Sq3).
- the unit control unit 12 uses the transmission control character to transmit the text data including the determination result of step Sq1 to the unit control unit 22 as one block.
- the unit control unit 22 that has received the text data from the unit control unit 12 transmits the text data including the determination result of step Sq2 to the unit control unit 12 via the transmission line TL1 (step Sq4).
- the unit control units 12 and 22 repeat the above-mentioned processing at predetermined intervals, for example, at regular intervals. As a result, the unit control units 12 and 22 can obtain information on whether or not the power conversion unit 10 and the power conversion unit 20 have failed, respectively.
- the power conversion device 1 has power conversion units 10 and 20 in which one of them is set in the operating system and the other is set in the standby system.
- the power conversion device 1 includes a contact MC1, a filter reactor FL1, a filter capacitor FC1, and a power conversion unit 11 of the power conversion unit 10, and a contact MC2, a filter reactor FL2, and a filter capacitor FC2 of the power conversion unit 20.
- the power conversion unit 21 so that the main circuit is duplicated. Therefore, the redundancy of the power conversion device 1 is high.
- the unit control units 12 and 22 are connected by the transmission line TL1, the number of wires is reduced and the wiring work cost can be reduced as compared with the case where the unit control units 12 and 22 are connected by hard wires. ..
- the configuration of the sensor unit 33 is arbitrary as long as it measures at least one of the input current value and the output current value of the power conversion units 11 and 21 respectively.
- the power conversion device 2 according to the second embodiment will be described below, focusing on the differences from the power conversion device 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the sensor unit 33 included in the power conversion device 2 shown in FIG. 5 determines the value of the input current of the power conversion unit 11, specifically, the value of the current flowing through the input bus bar B1 connecting the filter reactor FL1 and the power conversion unit 11. It has an input current sensor CT1 to measure. Further, the sensor unit 33 has an input current sensor CT2 that measures the value of the input current of the power conversion unit 21, specifically, the value of the current flowing through the input bus bar B2 that connects the filter reactor FL2 and the power conversion unit 21.
- Both the input current sensors CT1 and CT2 are connected to the unit control unit 12, and operate by receiving power supplied from the unit control unit 12. Then, the input current sensors CT1 and CT2 send the measured current value to the unit control unit 12.
- the unit control unit 12 determines whether or not the power conversion unit 10 has a failure, as in the first embodiment. Further, the unit control unit 12 converts the value of the current acquired from the input current sensor CT2 into A-D (Analog-to-Digital) and sends it as text data to the unit control unit 22 via the transmission line TL1. In other words, the unit control unit 22 acquires the measured value of the input current sensor CT2 via the unit control unit 12.
- A-D Analog-to-Digital
- the unit control unit 22 determines whether or not the power conversion unit 20 has a failure, as in the first embodiment, based on the measured value of the input current sensor CT2 acquired from the unit control unit 12.
- the unit control unit 12 powers based on the measured value of the input current sensor CT1 and whether the contactor MC1 is turned on or open. It is determined whether or not the conversion unit 10 has a failure (step Sq1).
- the unit control unit 12 converts the value of the current acquired from the input current sensor CT2 into AD. After that, the unit control unit 12 transmits the determination result of step Sq1 and the text data including the measured value of the input current sensor CT2 to the unit control unit 22 via the transmission line TL1 (step Sq5). For example, the unit control unit 12 uses the transmission control character to divide the text data including the determination result of step Sq1 and the measured value of the input current sensor CT2 into a plurality of blocks and transmit the text data to the unit control unit 22.
- the unit control unit 22 that has received the text data from the unit control unit 12 converts the power based on the measured value of the input current sensor CT2 and whether the contactor MC2 is turned on or open. It is determined whether or not the unit 20 has a failure (step Sq2).
- the unit control unit 22 transmits the text data including the determination result of step Sq2 to the unit control unit 12 via the transmission line TL1 (step Sq4).
- the unit control units 12 and 22 repeat the above-mentioned processing at predetermined intervals, for example, at regular intervals.
- the unit control units 12 and 22 can obtain information on whether or not the power conversion unit 10 and the power conversion unit 20 have failed, respectively. Further, the unit control unit 22 can acquire the measured value of the input current sensor CT2 via the unit control unit 12.
- both the input current sensors CT1 and CT2 are connected to the unit control unit 12. Therefore, only the unit control unit 12 needs to be connected to each of the input current sensors CT1 and CT2. In other words, the unit control unit 22 does not need to provide an interface for connecting the input current sensor CT2. Therefore, the configuration of the unit control unit 22 can be simplified.
- the configuration of the sensor unit 33 is not limited to the examples of the first and second embodiments.
- the sensor unit 33 included in the power conversion device 3 according to the third embodiment has an input current sensor CT3 common to the power conversion units 10 and 20.
- the power conversion device 3 will be described below, focusing on the differences from the power conversion device 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the sensor unit 33 included in the power conversion device 3 according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7 has an input current sensor CT3 that measures the value of the input current of the power conversion unit 11 or the value of the input current of the power conversion unit 21.
- the input current sensor CT3 has a value of the current flowing through the input bus bar B1 connecting the filter reactor FL1 and the power conversion unit 11, or a value of the current flowing through the input bus bar B2 connecting the filter reactor FL2 and the power conversion unit 21. To measure.
- the input current sensor CT3 operates by receiving power supplied from the unit control unit 12, and sends the measured value to the unit control unit 12.
- one of the power conversion units 10 and 20 is set as the operating system, and the other is set as the standby system.
- a current flows through either of the input bus bars B1 and B2. Therefore, the value of the input current of the power conversion unit 11 or the value of the input current of the power conversion unit 21 can be measured by the input current sensor CT3 common to the power conversion units 10 and 20.
- the input current sensor CT3 measures the value of the input current of the power conversion unit 11 of the power conversion unit 10 having the contactor MC1 turned on.
- the input current sensor CT3 measures the value of the input current of the power conversion unit 21 of the power conversion unit 20 having the contactor MC2 turned on.
- the structure of the input current sensor CT3 is the same as that of the input current sensor CT1 according to the first embodiment. However, as shown in FIG. 8, the input bus bars B1 and B2 are inserted into the through holes 41a of the first case 41 included in the input current sensor CT3.
- the input current sensor CT3 having the above structure is attached to at least one of the input busbars B1 and B2 in a state where the insulation-treated input busbars B1 and B2 are inserted into the through hole 41a in the center of the first case 41.
- the magnetic flux of the first magnetic core 42 changes. Similar to the first embodiment, the first measurement circuit 43 measures the value of the current flowing through any of the input bus bars B1 and B2 from the change in the magnetic flux of the first magnetic core 42. Then, the first measurement circuit 43 sends a signal indicating the measured value to the unit control unit 12 from an output terminal (not shown).
- the unit control unit 12 determines that the power conversion unit 10 has failed when the contactor MC1 is turned on and the absolute value of the measured value of the input current sensor CT3 is not in the first current range. do.
- the unit control unit 12 converts the current value acquired from the input current sensor CT3 into AD and sends it as text data to the unit control unit 22 via the transmission line TL1.
- the unit control unit 22 acquires the measured value of the input current sensor CT3 via the unit control unit 12.
- the communication between the unit control units 12 and 22 is the same as the communication between the unit control units 12 and 22 included in the power conversion device 2 according to the second embodiment.
- the unit control unit 22 determines whether or not the power conversion unit 20 has a failure based on the measured value of the input current sensor CT3 acquired from the unit control unit 12. Specifically, the unit control unit 22 fails in the power conversion unit 20 when the contactor MC2 is turned on and the absolute value of the measured value of the input current sensor CT3 is not in the first current range. It is determined that it is.
- the measured value of the input current sensor CT3 acquired by the unit control unit 22 from the unit control unit 12 with the contactor MC2 turned on can be regarded as the value of the input current of the power conversion unit 21.
- the sensor unit 33 included in the power conversion device 3 according to the third embodiment has an input current sensor CT3 common to the power conversion units 10 and 20.
- the sensor unit 33 may measure the value of the output current of the power conversion unit 11 or the power conversion unit 21.
- the sensor unit 33 included in the power conversion device 4 according to the fourth embodiment measures the value of the input current and the value of the output current of the power conversion unit 11, or the value of the input current and the value of the output current of the power conversion unit 21. ..
- the power conversion device 4 will be described below, focusing on the differences from the third embodiment.
- the secondary terminals of the switch 31 included in the power conversion device 4 according to the fourth embodiment are provided by output bus bars B3, B4, and B5 corresponding to each of the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase. It is connected to the electric motor 53.
- the currents flowing through the output bus bars B3, B4, and B5 are U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase phase currents.
- the sensor unit 33 included in the power conversion device 4 measures the value of the output current of the power conversion unit 11 or the power conversion unit 21 in addition to the configuration of the sensor unit 33 included in the power conversion device 3 according to the third embodiment. It has output current sensors CT4, CT5, and CT6 that output measured values.
- the output current sensor CT4 measures the value of the current flowing through the output bus bar B3 that connects the switch 31 and the motor 53, and outputs the measured value.
- the output current sensor CT5 measures the value of the current flowing through the output bus bar B4 that connects the switch 31 and the motor 53, and outputs the measured value.
- the output current sensor CT6 measures the value of the current flowing through the output bus bar B5 that connects the switch 31 and the motor 53, and outputs the measured value.
- the output current sensors CT4, CT5, and CT6 operate by receiving power supplied from the unit control unit 12, and send the measured value to the unit control unit 12. Since the structures of the output current sensors CT4, CT5, and CT6 are the same, the output current sensor CT4 will be described.
- the output current sensor CT4 is a CT type current sensor. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the output current sensor CT4 measures the current based on the changes in magnetic flux generated in the second case 44, the second magnetic core 45, and the second magnetic core 45. A second measurement circuit 46 is provided.
- the second case 44 has an annular shape having a through hole 44a in the center.
- the annular shape includes not only an annular shape but also a polygonal shape having a through hole formed in the center.
- the second case 44 is made of an insulator, for example, a synthetic resin.
- the second magnetic core 45 has an annular shape having a through hole in the center.
- the output current sensor CT4 having the above structure is attached to the output bus bar B3 in a state where the insulation-treated output bus bar B3 is inserted through the through hole 44a in the center of the second case 44.
- the output current sensor CT5 is attached to the output bus bar B4 with the insulated output bus bar B4 inserted through the through hole 44a in the center of the second case 44.
- the output current sensor CT6 is attached to the output bus bar B5 with the insulated output bus bar B5 inserted through the through hole 44a in the center of the second case 44.
- the unit control unit 12 determines whether the input current value and the output current value of the power conversion unit 11 to be controlled, and the contactor MC1 corresponding to the power conversion unit 11 are turned on or open. Whether or not the power conversion unit 10 has failed is determined based on the presence or absence. Specifically, the power conversion is based on the measured values of the input current sensor CT3, the measured values of the output current sensors CT4, CT5, and CT6, and whether the contactor MC1 is turned on or open. It is determined whether or not the unit 10 has a failure.
- the contactor MC1 is turned on, and the absolute value of the measured value of the input current sensor CT3 is not in the first current range, or the output current sensors CT4, CT5,
- the first amplitude range is determined according to the possible values of the amplitudes of the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase currents output by the power conversion unit 11 or the power conversion unit 21.
- the upper limit of the first amplitude range is 1.5 times the maximum value that the amplitude of each phase current of the U phase, V phase, and W phase can take, and the lower limit value of the first amplitude range is.
- U phase, V phase, and W phase are 0.5 times the minimum value that can be taken by the amplitude of each phase current.
- the unit control unit 12 converts the measured values acquired from the output current sensors CT4, CT5, and CT6 into AD. Then, the unit control unit 12 transmits text data including the determination result of step Sq1, the measured value of the input current sensor CT3, and the measured value of the output current sensors CT4, CT5, and CT6, as in the process shown in FIG. It is transmitted to the unit control unit 22 via the line TL1. In other words, the unit control unit 22 acquires the measured values of the input current sensor CT3 and the measured values of the output current sensors CT4, CT5, and CT6 via the unit control unit 12.
- the unit control unit 22 determines whether or not the power conversion unit 20 has a failure based on the measured values of the input current sensor CT3 and the measured values of the output current sensors CT4, CT5, and CT6 acquired from the unit control unit 12. Specifically, the unit control unit 22 is in a state where the contactor MC2 is turned on, and the absolute value of the measured value of the input current sensor CT3 is not in the first current range, or the output current sensors CT4, CT5, When at least one of the amplitudes of the measured values of CT6 is not in the first amplitude range, it is determined that the power conversion unit 20 has failed.
- the unit control unit 12 calculates the actual torque of the motor 53 from the measured values of the output current sensors CT4, CT5 and CT6 when the filter capacitor FC1 is charged and the electric railway vehicle is running.
- the unit control unit 22 receives the actual torque of the motor 53 from the measured values of the output current sensors CT4, CT5, and CT6 acquired from the unit control unit 12 when the filter capacitor FC2 is charged and the electric railway vehicle is running. calculate.
- the unit control units 12 and 22 have electric power based on the measured values of the input current sensor CT3 and the measured values of the output current sensors CT4, CT5 and CT6, respectively. It is determined whether or not the conversion units 10 and 20 are out of order. Therefore, it is possible to determine the presence or absence of failure of the power conversion units 10 and 20 more accurately than the power conversion devices 1-3.
- the unit control unit 22 acquires the measured values of the input current sensor CT3 and the measured values of the output current sensors CT4, CT5, and CT6 from the unit control unit 12. Therefore, only the unit control unit 12 may be connected to the input current sensor CT3 and the output current sensors CT4, CT5, CT6. In other words, the unit control unit 22 does not need to provide an interface for connecting the input current sensor CT3 and the output current sensors CT4, CT5, and CT6. Therefore, the configuration of the unit control unit 22 can be simplified.
- the configuration of the sensor unit 33 that measures the value of the output current of the power conversion unit 11 or the power conversion unit 21 is not limited to the example of the fourth embodiment.
- the sensor unit 33 included in the power conversion device 5 according to the fifth embodiment includes output current sensors CT7, CT8, and CT9 common to the power conversion units 10 and 20.
- the power conversion device 5 will be described below, focusing on the differences from the fourth embodiment.
- the secondary terminals corresponding to the respective U phases of the power conversion units 11 and 21 included in the power conversion device 5 according to the fifth embodiment are connected to the switch 31 by the output bus bars B6 and B7. Has been done. Further, the secondary terminals corresponding to the respective V phases of the power conversion units 11 and 21 are connected to the switch 31 by the output bus bars B8 and B9. Further, the secondary terminals corresponding to the respective W phases of the power conversion units 11 and 21 are connected to the switch 31 by the output bus bars B10 and B11.
- the sensor unit 33 included in the power conversion device 5 measures the value of the output current of the power conversion unit 11 or the power conversion unit 21 in addition to the configuration of the sensor unit 33 included in the power conversion device 3 according to the third embodiment. It has output current sensors CT7, CT8, and CT9 that output measured values.
- the output current sensor CT7 flows to the value of the current flowing through the output bus bar B6 connecting the power conversion unit 11 and the switch 31 or to the output bus bar B7 connecting the power conversion unit 21 and the switch 31.
- the current value is measured and the measured value is output.
- the output current sensor CT8 determines the value of the current flowing through the output bus bar B8 connecting the power conversion unit 11 and the switch 31 or the value of the current flowing through the output bus bar B9 connecting the power conversion unit 21 and the switch 31. Measure and output the measured value.
- the output current sensor CT9 determines the value of the current flowing through the output bus bar B10 connecting the power conversion unit 11 and the switch 31 or the value of the current flowing through the output bus bar B 11 connecting the power conversion unit 21 and the switch 31. Measure and output the measured value.
- the output current sensors CT7, CT8, and CT9 operate by receiving power supplied from the unit control unit 12, and send the measured values to the unit control unit 12.
- one of the power conversion units 10 and 20 is set as the operating system, and the other is set as the standby system.
- a current flows through either the output busbars B6, B8, B10 or the output busbars B7, B9, B11. Therefore, the output current value of the power conversion unit 11 or the output current value of the power conversion unit 21 can be measured by the output current sensors CT7, CT8, and CT9 common to the power conversion units 10 and 20.
- the output current sensor CT7 measures the value of the U-phase current output by the power conversion unit 11 of the power conversion unit 10 having the contactor MC1 turned on.
- the output current sensor CT7 measures the value of the U-phase current output by the power conversion unit 21 of the power conversion unit 20 having the contactor MC2 turned on.
- the output current sensor CT8 measures the value of the V-phase current output by the power conversion unit 11 of the power conversion unit 10 having the contactor MC1 turned on.
- the output current sensor CT8 measures the value of the V-phase current output by the power conversion unit 21 of the power conversion unit 20 having the contactor MC2 turned on.
- the output current sensor CT9 measures the value of the W phase current output by the power conversion unit 11 of the power conversion unit 10 having the contactor MC1 turned on.
- the output current sensor CT9 measures the value of the W phase current output by the power conversion unit 21 of the power conversion unit 20 having the contactor MC2 turned on.
- the output current sensor CT7 Since the structures of the output current sensors CT7, CT8, and CT9 are the same, the output current sensor CT7 will be described.
- the structure of the output current sensor CT7 is the same as that of the output current sensor CT4 according to the fourth embodiment. However, as shown in FIG. 13, the output bus bars B6 and B7 are inserted into the through holes 44a of the second case 44 included in the output current sensor CT7.
- the second measurement circuit 46 measures the value of the current flowing through any of the output bus bars B6 and B7 from the change in the magnetic flux of the second magnetic core 45. Then, the second measurement circuit 46 sends a signal indicating the measured value to the unit control unit 12 from an output terminal (not shown).
- the output current sensor CT7 having the above structure is attached to at least one of the output bus bars B6 and B7 with the insulated output bus bars B6 and B7 inserted through the through hole 44a in the center of the second case 44.
- the output current sensor CT8 is attached to at least one of the output busbars B8 and B9 with the insulation-treated output busbars B8 and B9 inserted through the central through hole 44a of the second case 44.
- the output current sensor CT9 is attached to at least one of the output bus bars B10 and B11 with the insulated output bus bars B10 and B11 inserted through the through hole 44a in the center of the second case 44.
- the unit control unit 12 determines whether the input current value and the output current value of the power conversion unit 11 to be controlled, and the contactor MC1 corresponding to the power conversion unit 11 are turned on or open. Whether or not the power conversion unit 10 has failed is determined based on the presence or absence. Specifically, the power conversion is based on the measured values of the input current sensor CT3, the measured values of the output current sensors CT7, CT8, and CT9, and whether the contactor MC1 is turned on or open. It is determined whether or not the unit 10 has a failure.
- the contactor MC1 is turned on, and the absolute value of the measured value of the input current sensor CT3 is not in the first current range, or the output current sensors CT7, CT8, When at least one of the amplitudes of the measured values acquired from CT9 is not in the first amplitude range, it is determined that the power conversion unit 10 has failed.
- the unit control unit 12 converts the measured values acquired from the output current sensors CT7, CT8, and CT9 into AD. Then, the unit control unit 12 transmits text data including the determination result of step Sq1, the measured value of the input current sensor CT3, and the measured value of the output current sensors CT7, CT8, and CT9, as in the process shown in FIG. It is transmitted to the unit control unit 22 via the line TL1. In other words, the unit control unit 22 acquires the measured values of the input current sensor CT3 and the measured values of the output current sensors CT7, CT8, and CT9 via the unit control unit 12.
- the unit control unit 22 determines whether or not the power conversion unit 20 has a failure based on the measured values of the input current sensor CT3 and the measured values of the output current sensors CT7, CT8, and CT9 acquired from the unit control unit 12. Specifically, the unit control unit 22 is in a state where the contactor MC2 is turned on, and the absolute value of the measured value of the input current sensor CT3 is not in the first current range, or the output current sensors CT7, CT8, When at least one of the amplitudes of the measured values of CT9 is not in the first amplitude range, it is determined that the power conversion unit 20 has failed.
- the measured value of the input current sensor CT3 acquired by the unit control unit 22 from the unit control unit 12 with the contactor MC2 turned on can be regarded as the value of the input current of the power conversion unit 21. Further, the measured values of the output current sensors CT7, CT8, and CT9 acquired by the unit control unit 22 from the unit control unit 12 with the contactor MC2 turned on can be regarded as the value of the output current of the power conversion unit 21. ..
- the unit control unit 12 calculates the actual torque of the motor 53 from the measured values of the output current sensors CT7, CT8, and CT9 when the filter capacitor FC1 is charged and the electric railway vehicle is power running.
- the unit control unit 22 receives the actual torque of the motor 53 from the measured values of the output current sensors CT7, CT8, and CT9 acquired from the unit control unit 12 when the filter capacitor FC2 is charged and the electric railway vehicle is power running. calculate.
- the sensor unit 33 included in the power conversion device 5 according to the fifth embodiment has output current sensors CT7, CT8, and CT9 common to the power conversion units 10 and 20.
- the configuration of the sensor unit 33 included in the power conversion device 5 according to the fifth embodiment is simpler than the case where the current sensors are provided in each of the output bus bars B6, B7, B8, B9, B10, and B11.
- the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the above-mentioned examples.
- the above circuit configuration is an example.
- the circuit configuration of the power conversion units 10 and 20 is arbitrary as long as it is a circuit capable of converting the power supplied from the current collector 52 into the power for supplying the electric power 53.
- a charging contactor and a charging resistor connected in series may be provided in parallel with the contactor MC1.
- a charging contactor and a charging resistor connected in series may be provided in parallel with the contactor MC2.
- the contactors for charging included in the power conversion unit 10 are turned on with the contactors MC1 and MC2 open, so that power is supplied to the filter capacitor FC1 via the charging resistor. Is supplied. As a result, the generation of inrush current during charging of the filter capacitor FC1 is suppressed.
- the power conversion unit 20 is set to the operating system, by turning on the charging contactor of the power conversion unit 20 with the contactors MC1 and MC2 open, the filter capacitor is passed through the charging resistor. Power is supplied to FC2. As a result, the generation of inrush current during charging of the filter capacitor FC2 is suppressed.
- a charging contactor may be provided in series with the contactor MC1, and a charging resistor may be provided in parallel with the charging contactor.
- a charging contactor may be provided in series with the contactor MC1, and a charging resistor may be provided in parallel with the charging contactor.
- the contactor MC1 is turned on with the charging contactor open, so that power is supplied to the filter capacitor FC1 via the charging resistor. As a result, the generation of inrush current during charging of the filter capacitor FC1 is suppressed.
- the power conversion unit 20 is set to the operating system, power is supplied to the filter capacitor FC2 via the charging resistor by turning on the contactor MC2 with the charging contactor open. As a result, the generation of inrush current during charging of the filter capacitor FC2 is suppressed.
- the power conversion device 1-5 is not limited to the one that supplies power to the motor 53, and is an arbitrary power conversion device that requires redundancy. Further, the power conversion device 1-5 can be mounted on any vehicle, any device, or the like that can supply electric power to the power conversion device 1-5.
- the power converter 1-5 can be mounted on an AC feeder type electric railway vehicle.
- a transformer whose primary terminal is connected to the pantograph and a converter which is connected to the secondary terminal of the transformer and converts AC power into DC power are provided, and the output of the converter is supplied to the power converter 1-5.
- the power conversion device 1-5 may be mounted on an electric railway vehicle that acquires electric power via the third rail.
- the number of power conversion units is not limited to two, and can be any number of two or more.
- the power conversion device 1-5 may include three power conversion units, each of the three power conversion units, and a switch 31 connected to the motor 53.
- the contactor control unit 32 turns on the contactor of the power conversion unit set in the operating system and sets it in the standby system. The contactor of the other two power conversion units is kept open. Further, the contactor control unit 32 switches the switch 31 to the operating system.
- switching of the power conversion units 10 and 20 is not limited to the time of failure.
- the operating power conversion units 10 and 20 may be switched at a predetermined cycle.
- the contactor control unit 32 may repeatedly set the operating system to the standby system and set the standby system to the operating system at a predetermined cycle. As a result, the usage time of the power conversion units 10 and 20 is maintained at the same level, and deterioration of one of the power conversion units 10 and 20 is suppressed.
- the power conversion unit 20 may be an operating system and the power conversion unit 10 may be a standby system.
- the contactor control unit 32 may turn on the contactor MC2 and maintain the contactor MC1 in an open state when the operation instruction signal instructing the start of the power conversion device 1-5 is supplied. .. Then, the contactor control unit 32 may switch the switch 31 to the operating system, that is, electrically connect the secondary terminal of the power conversion unit 21 and the motor 53.
- the power conversion units 10 and 20 may be connected to independent motors 53, respectively.
- the power conversion device 1-5 does not include the switch 31, and the secondary terminals of the power conversion units 11 and 21 may be connected to the independent motor 53.
- the trigger for starting the power converter 1-5 is not limited to the operation instruction signal.
- the contactor control unit 32 may turn on the contactor MC1 when the current collector 52 comes into contact with the overhead wire 51. Specifically, the contactor control unit 32 acquires the measured voltage value from the voltage measuring unit that measures the voltage between the positive electrode input terminal 1a and the negative electrode input terminal 1b corresponding to the voltage of the overhead wire 51, and obtains the voltage. If the value is equal to or higher than the threshold voltage, the contactor MC1 may be turned on. This threshold voltage may be set in consideration of the minimum value that the voltage of the overhead wire 51 can take.
- the power conversion units 11 and 21 are not limited to VVVF inverters.
- the power conversion units 11 and 21 may be an auxiliary power supply device that supplies electric power to loads such as lighting equipment and air conditioning equipment.
- the power conversion units 11 and 21 may be a DC (Direct Current: DC) -DC converter or an AC (Alternating Current: AC) -DC converter.
- the input current sensors CT1, CT2, CT3 and the output current sensors CT4, CT5, CT6, CT7, CT8, CT9 are not limited to CT type sensors.
- any current sensor such as a Hall element method or a Rogowski coil method can be adopted.
- the contactor control unit 32 is provided independently of the power conversion units 10 and 20, but the power conversion units 10 and 20 may each include the contactor control unit 32.
- the contactor control unit 32 included in the power conversion unit 10 controls the contactor MC1.
- the contactor control unit 32 included in the power conversion unit 20 controls the contactor MC2.
- the unit control unit 12 may acquire a state signal indicating whether the contactor MC1 is turned on or open from the contactor MC1. In this case, the unit control unit 12 may determine whether the contactor MC1 is in the turned-on state or in the open state based on the state signal acquired from the contactor MC1. Similarly, the unit control unit 22 may acquire a state signal indicating whether the contactor MC2 is turned on or open from the contactor MC2. In this case, the unit control unit 22 may determine whether the contactor MC2 is in the turned-on state or in the open state based on the state signal acquired from the contactor MC2.
- the motor 53 is not limited to the three-phase induction motor, but may be a synchronous motor, a DC motor, or the like.
- 1,2,3,4,5 Power converter 1a Positive input terminal, 1b Negative input terminal, 10,20 Power conversion unit, 11,21 Power converter, 12,22 Unit control, 31 Switch, 32 Contact Instrument control unit, 33 sensor unit, 41 first case, 41a, 44a through hole, 42 first magnetic core, 43 first measurement circuit, 44 second case, 45 second magnetic core, 46 second measurement circuit, 51 overhead wire , 52 current collector, 53 motor, B1, B2 input bus bar, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9, B10, B11 output bus bar, CT1, CT2, CT3 input current sensor, CT4, CT5, CT6, CT7, CT8, CT9 output current sensor, FC1, FC2 filter capacitor, FL1, FL2 filter reactor, MC1, MC2 contactor, S1 contactor control signal, S21, S22 switching control signal, TL1 transmission line.
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Abstract
Description
車両に搭載される電力変換装置、詳細には、直流き電方式の電気鉄道車両に搭載された電力変換装置を例にして、実施の形態1に係る電力変換装置1について説明する。図1に示す電力変換装置1は、電源から供給された直流電力を、負荷に供給するための電力に変換し、負荷に供給する。なお実施の形態1では、架線51を介して変電所から電力を取得する集電装置52が電源に相当する。集電装置52は、例えば、パンタグラフである。また電力変換装置1から電力の供給を受けて駆動し、電気鉄道車両の推進力を生じさせる電動機53が負荷に相当する。なお電動機53は、例えば、三相誘導電動機である。詳細には、電力変換装置1は、集電装置52から供給された直流電力を、電動機53に供給するための電力、例えば三相交流電力に変換して、三相交流電力を電動機53に供給する。
正極入力端子1aは、電源である集電装置52に接続される。負極入力端子1bは、例えば、接地ブラシ、車輪、およびレールを介して接地される。
接触器MC1の一端は、正極入力端子1aに接続され、他端はフィルタリアクトルFL1の一端に接続される。接触器MC1は、直流電磁接触器であり、接触器制御部32によって制御される。詳細には、接触器制御部32が出力する接触器制御信号S1によって、接触器MC1は、投入され、または開放される。
また接触器制御部32が接触器MC1を開放すると、接触器MC1の一端と他端は絶縁される。この結果、電力変換部11およびフィルタコンデンサFC1は、集電装置52から電気的に切り離され、集電装置52から電力の供給を受けることができない。
フィルタコンデンサFC1は、電力変換部11の一次端子間に接続され、集電装置52から供給される電力で充電される。詳細には、フィルタコンデンサFC1の一端は、フィルタリアクトルFL1の他端と電力変換部11の一次端子の一方との接続点に接続される。またフィルタコンデンサFC1の他端は、負極入力端子1bと電力変換部11の一次端子の他方との接続点に接続される。
フィルタリアクトルFL1とフィルタコンデンサFC1は、高調波を低減するフィルタを形成する。
接触器MC2の一端は、正極入力端子1aに接続され、他端はフィルタリアクトルFL2の一端に接続される。接触器MC2は、直流電磁接触器であり、接触器制御部32によって制御される。詳細には、接触器制御部32が出力する接触器制御信号S1によって、接触器MC2は、投入され、または開放される。
また接触器制御部32が接触器MC2を開放すると、接触器MC2の一端と他端は絶縁される。この結果、電力変換部21およびフィルタコンデンサFC2は、集電装置52から電気的に切り離され、集電装置52から電力の供給を受けることができない。
フィルタコンデンサFC2は、電力変換部21の一次端子間に接続され、集電装置52から供給される電力で充電される。詳細には、フィルタコンデンサFC2の一端は、フィルタリアクトルFL2の他端と電力変換部21の一次端子の一方との接続点に接続される。またフィルタコンデンサFC2の他端は、負極入力端子1bと電力変換部21の一次端子の他方との接続点に接続される。
フィルタリアクトルFL2とフィルタコンデンサFC2は、高調波を低減するフィルタを形成する。
その後、電力変換装置1の停止を指示する動作指示信号が供給されると、接触器制御部32は、投入されている接触器MC1を開放する。この結果、接触器MC1,MC2が共に開放された状態となる。
第1磁気コア42は、中央に貫通孔を有する環状の形状を有する。入力ブスバーB1に電流が流れると、第1磁気コア42の磁束が変化する。
第1測定回路43は、第1磁気コア42の磁束の変化から、入力ブスバーB1に流れる電流の値を測定する。そして、第1測定回路43は、測定値を示す信号を、図示しない出力端子からユニット制御部12に送る。
同様に、入力電流センサCT2は、第1ケース41の中央の貫通孔41aに絶縁処理された入力ブスバーB2が挿通された状態で、入力ブスバーB2に取り付けられる。
電気鉄道車両の始動時に、集電装置52を上昇させる上昇スイッチの操作が行われて、集電装置52が架線51に接触すると、集電装置52は、変電所から電力の供給を受ける。
ユニット制御部12,22はそれぞれ、図示しない電圧測定部からフィルタコンデンサFC1,FC2の端子間電圧の値を取得する。接触器MC1が投入されていて、接触器MC2が開放されている場合、フィルタコンデンサFC1のみが充電されている。フィルタコンデンサFC1の端子間電圧の値が閾値電圧以上であって、運転指令が力行指令を含む場合、すなわち、フィルタコンデンサFC1が充電されていて、電気鉄道車両の力行時に、ユニット制御部12は、電力変換部11のスイッチング素子を制御して、電力変換部11に、直流電力を電動機53を駆動するための三相交流電力に変換させる。
この場合、ユニット制御部12は、電力変換部11のスイッチング素子を制御して、電力変換部11に、三相交流電力を直流電力に変換させる。これにより、電力変換装置1は、架線51を介して、近隣に位置する他の電気鉄道車両に電力を供給することが可能となる。この結果、電気鉄道車両には回生ブレーキ力が生じ、電気鉄道車両が減速する。
センサ部33の構成は、電力変換部11,21のそれぞれの入力電流の値および出力電流の値の少なくともいずれかを測定するものであれば、任意である。実施の形態1に係る電力変換装置1と異なる点を中心に、実施の形態2に係る電力変換装置2について以下に説明する。
またユニット制御部12は、入力電流センサCT2から取得した電流の値をA-D(Analog-to-Digital)変換し、テキストデータとして、伝送線TL1を介してユニット制御部22に送る。換言すれば、ユニット制御部22は、ユニット制御部12を介して、入力電流センサCT2の測定値を取得する。
センサ部33の構成は、実施の形態1,2の例に限られない。実施の形態3に係る電力変換装置3が備えるセンサ部33は、電力変換ユニット10,20に共通の入力電流センサCT3を有する。実施の形態1に係る電力変換装置1と異なる点を中心に、電力変換装置3について以下に説明する。
センサ部33は、電力変換部11または電力変換部21の出力電流の値を測定してもよい。実施の形態4に係る電力変換装置4が備えるセンサ部33は、電力変換部11の入力電流の値および出力電流の値、または電力変換部21の入力電流の値および出力電流の値を測定する。実施の形態3と異なる点を中心に、電力変換装置4について以下に説明する。
第2磁気コア45は、中央に貫通孔を有する環状の形状を有する。出力ブスバーB3に電流が流れると、第2磁気コア45の磁束が変化する。
第2測定回路46は、第2磁気コア45の磁束の変化から、出力ブスバーB3に流れる電流の値を測定する。そして、第2測定回路46は、測定値を示す信号を、図示しない出力電流センサCT4の端子からユニット制御部12に送る。
同様に、出力電流センサCT5は、第2ケース44の中央の貫通孔44aに絶縁処理された出力ブスバーB4が挿通された状態で、出力ブスバーB4に取り付けられる。
同様に、出力電流センサCT6は、第2ケース44の中央の貫通孔44aに絶縁処理された出力ブスバーB5が挿通された状態で、出力ブスバーB5に取り付けられる。
同様に、ユニット制御部22は、フィルタコンデンサFC2が充電されていて、電気鉄道車両の力行時に、ユニット制御部12から取得した出力電流センサCT4,CT5,CT6の測定値から電動機53の実トルクを算出する。
電力変換部11または電力変換部21の出力電流の値を測定するセンサ部33の構成は、実施の形態4の例に限られない。実施の形態5に係る電力変換装置5が備えるセンサ部33は、電力変換ユニット10,20に共通の出力電流センサCT7,CT8,CT9を備える。実施の形態4と異なる点を中心に、電力変換装置5について以下に説明する。
出力電流センサCT8は、電力変換部11と切替器31とを接続する出力ブスバーB8に流れる電流の値、または、電力変換部21と切替器31とを接続する出力ブスバーB9に流れる電流の値を測定し、測定値を出力する。
出力電流センサCT9は、電力変換部11と切替器31とを接続する出力ブスバーB10に流れる電流の値、または、電力変換部21と切替器31とを接続する出力ブスバーB11に流れる電流の値を測定し、測定値を出力する。
出力電流センサCT7の構造は、実施の形態4に係る出力電流センサCT4と同じである。ただし、図13に示すように、出力電流センサCT7が有する第2ケース44の貫通孔44aには、出力ブスバーB6,B7が挿通されている。
同様に、出力電流センサCT8は、第2ケース44の中央の貫通孔44aに絶縁処理された出力ブスバーB8,B9が挿通された状態で、出力ブスバーB8,B9の少なくともいずれかに取り付けられる。
同様に、出力電流センサCT9は、第2ケース44の中央の貫通孔44aに絶縁処理された出力ブスバーB10,B11が挿通された状態で、出力ブスバーB10,B11の少なくともいずれかに取り付けられる。
同様に、ユニット制御部22は、フィルタコンデンサFC2が充電されていて、電気鉄道車両の力行時に、ユニット制御部12から取得した出力電流センサCT7,CT8,CT9の測定値から電動機53の実トルクを算出する。
上述の回路構成は一例である。電力変換ユニット10,20の回路構成は、集電装置52から供給される電力を電動機53に供給するための電力に変換することができる回路であれば、任意である。
電力変換ユニット20が稼動系に設定される場合も同様に、接触器MC1,MC2を開放した状態で、電力変換ユニット20が有する充電用接触器を投入することで、充電抵抗を介してフィルタコンデンサFC2に電力が供給される。この結果、フィルタコンデンサFC2の充電時に突入電流が発生することが抑制される。
電力変換ユニット20が稼動系に設定される場合も同様に、充電用接触器を開放した状態で接触器MC2を投入することで、充電抵抗を介してフィルタコンデンサFC2に電力が供給される。この結果、フィルタコンデンサFC2の充電時に突入電流が発生することが抑制される。
他の一例として、電力変換装置1-5は、第三軌条を介して電力を取得する電気鉄道車両に搭載されてもよい。
同様に、ユニット制御部22は、接触器MC2から、接触器MC2が投入されているか、または開放されているか、を示す状態信号を取得してもよい。この場合、ユニット制御部22は、接触器MC2から取得した状態信号に基づいて、接触器MC2が投入された状態および開放された状態のいずれであるかを判別すればよい。
Claims (11)
- それぞれが、電源から供給される電力を負荷に供給するための電力に変換し、変換した前記電力を前記負荷に供給する電力変換部と、前記電力変換部を、前記電源に電気的に接続し、または前記電源から電気的に切り離す接触器と、前記電力変換部が有するスイッチング素子を制御するユニット制御部と、を有し、前記電源に共通に接続される複数の電力変換ユニットと、
前記複数の電力変換ユニットのそれぞれが有する前記接触器を投入または開放する接触器制御部と、
前記複数の電力変換ユニットのそれぞれが有する前記電力変換部の入力電流の値および出力電流の値の少なくともいずれかを測定し、前記電力変換部の前記入力電流および前記出力電流の少なくともいずれかの測定値を出力するセンサ部と、
を備え、
前記ユニット制御部は互いに伝送線で接続され、
前記ユニット制御部は、制御対象である前記電力変換部の前記入力電流および前記出力電流の少なくともいずれかの前記測定値、ならびに、制御対象である前記電力変換部に対応する前記接触器が投入された状態および開放された状態のいずれであるかに基づいて、前記電力変換ユニットの故障の有無を判別し、判別結果を他の前記ユニット制御部に送る、
電力変換装置。 - 前記接触器制御部は、前記複数の電力変換ユニットの内、いずれかの前記電力変換ユニットが有する前記接触器を投入した場合は、他の前記電力変換ユニットが有する前記接触器を開放した状態に維持する、
請求項1に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記ユニット制御部は、前記判別結果を前記接触器制御部に送り、
投入されている前記接触器を有する前記電力変換ユニットの前記ユニット制御部から取得した前記判別結果が、前記電力変換ユニットの故障が生じていることを示す場合、前記接触器制御部は、投入されている前記接触器を開放し、前記他の電力変換ユニットのいずれかが有する開放した状態の前記接触器を投入する、
請求項2に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記複数の電力変換ユニットの少なくともいずれかが有する前記ユニット制御部は、前記電力変換部の前記入力電流および前記出力電流の少なくともいずれかの前記測定値を前記センサ部から取得し、前記センサ部から取得した前記電力変換部の前記入力電流および前記出力電流の少なくともいずれかの前記測定値を他の前記電力変換ユニットが有する前記ユニット制御部に送る、
請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記センサ部は、前記複数の電力変換ユニットに共通の入力電流センサを有し、
前記共通の入力電流センサは、前記接触器が投入されている前記電力変換ユニットが有する前記電力変換部の前記入力電流の値を測定し、前記電力変換部の前記入力電流の測定値を出力する、
請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記複数の電力変換ユニットのいずれかが有する前記ユニット制御部は、前記共通の入力電流センサに電力を供給し、前記共通の入力電流センサから前記入力電流の前記測定値を取得し、前記共通の入力電流センサから取得した前記入力電流の前記測定値を他の前記電力変換ユニットが有する前記ユニット制御部に送る、
請求項5に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記共通の入力電流センサは、
環状の第1磁気コアと、
前記第1磁気コアに生じる磁束の変化に基づいて前記入力電流の値を測定し、前記入力電流の前記測定値を出力する第1測定回路と、
前記第1磁気コアおよび前記第1測定回路を収容し、中央に貫通孔を有する第1ケースと、を有し、
前記複数の電力変換ユニットのそれぞれにおいて、前記接触器と前記電力変換部は入力ブスバーで接続され、
前記複数の電力変換ユニットのそれぞれの前記接触器と前記電力変換部を接続する前記入力ブスバーは前記第1ケースの前記貫通孔に挿通される、
請求項5または6に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記複数の電力変換ユニットは、前記負荷に共通に接続される、
請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記センサ部は、前記複数の電力変換ユニットに共通の出力電流センサを有し、
前記共通の出力電流センサは、前記接触器が投入されている前記電力変換ユニットが有する前記電力変換部の前記出力電流の値を測定し、前記電力変換部の前記出力電流の測定値を出力する、
請求項8に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記複数の電力変換ユニットのいずれかが有する前記ユニット制御部は、前記共通の出力電流センサに電力を供給し、前記共通の出力電流センサから前記電力変換部の前記出力電流の前記測定値を取得し、前記共通の出力電流センサから取得した前記電力変換部の前記出力電流の前記測定値を他の前記電力変換ユニットが有する前記ユニット制御部に送る、
請求項9に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記共通の出力電流センサは、
環状の第2磁気コアと、
前記第2磁気コアに生じる磁束の変化に基づいて前記出力電流の値を測定する第2測定回路と、
前記第2磁気コアおよび前記第2測定回路を収容し、中央に貫通孔を有する第2ケースと、を有し、
前記複数の電力変換ユニットのそれぞれが有する前記電力変換部と前記負荷とは出力ブスバーで接続され、
前記複数の電力変換ユニットのそれぞれの前記電力変換部と前記負荷とを接続する前記出力ブスバーは前記第2ケースの前記貫通孔に挿通される、
請求項9または10に記載の電力変換装置。
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JP2010004645A (ja) * | 2008-06-19 | 2010-01-07 | Toshiba Corp | 電気車用電源装置 |
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TWI282658B (en) * | 2001-10-23 | 2007-06-11 | Delta Electronics Inc | A parallel connection system of DC/AC voltage converter |
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JP2010004645A (ja) * | 2008-06-19 | 2010-01-07 | Toshiba Corp | 電気車用電源装置 |
JP2017046558A (ja) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-02 | 株式会社東芝 | 電気車用電力変換装置 |
JP2017221058A (ja) * | 2016-06-09 | 2017-12-14 | 株式会社東芝 | 電気車用電力変換システム |
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JP7331294B1 (ja) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-08-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電源切替装置および駆動制御装置 |
WO2024116317A1 (ja) * | 2022-11-30 | 2024-06-06 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電源切替装置および駆動制御装置 |
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JP7241966B2 (ja) | 2023-03-17 |
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