WO2021191375A1 - Dispositif de lutte contre les incendies - Google Patents
Dispositif de lutte contre les incendies Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021191375A1 WO2021191375A1 PCT/EP2021/057793 EP2021057793W WO2021191375A1 WO 2021191375 A1 WO2021191375 A1 WO 2021191375A1 EP 2021057793 W EP2021057793 W EP 2021057793W WO 2021191375 A1 WO2021191375 A1 WO 2021191375A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ignition device
- explosive charge
- fire
- advantageously
- explosion
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 86
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
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- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001692 EU approved anti-caking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- MHWLNQBTOIYJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury difulminate Chemical compound [O-][N+]#C[Hg]C#[N+][O-] MHWLNQBTOIYJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bicarbonate Substances [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical class [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C19/00—Hand fire-extinguishers in which the extinguishing substance is expelled by an explosion; Exploding containers thrown into the fire
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
- A62C3/0228—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires with delivery of fire extinguishing material by air or aircraft
- A62C3/025—Fire extinguishing bombs; Projectiles and launchers therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
- F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
- F42B12/50—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances by dispersion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
- F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
- F42C1/04—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze operating by inertia of members on impact
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
- F42C11/001—Electric circuits for fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
- F42C11/003—Electric circuits for fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for hand grenades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
- F42C11/001—Electric circuits for fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
- F42C11/006—Electric circuits for fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for fall bombs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C14/00—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
- F42C14/02—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for hand grenades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C14/00—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
- F42C14/02—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for hand grenades
- F42C14/025—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for hand grenades having electric igniters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C14/00—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
- F42C14/06—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for fall bombs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
- F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
- F42C19/0838—Primers or igniters for the initiation or the explosive charge in a warhead
Definitions
- the present invention relates, in general, to the field of fire fighting.
- It relates more particularly to fire-fighting devices.
- a fire-fighting device consisting of a destructible container which is in the form of a sphere made of low density rigid plastic foam (for example in expanded polystyrene foam), about ten centimeters to a few tens of centimeters in diameter, and which contains a dispersible chemical active against fire and a pyrotechnic detonator associated with a wick.
- a destructible container which is in the form of a sphere made of low density rigid plastic foam (for example in expanded polystyrene foam), about ten centimeters to a few tens of centimeters in diameter, and which contains a dispersible chemical active against fire and a pyrotechnic detonator associated with a wick.
- control units are unfortunately not completely effective for this approach, particularly depending on the position of the fire to be extinguished or the configuration of the terrain.
- the present invention therefore provides a firefighting device, improving / improving the firefighting components in particular in accordance with document US Pat. No. 6,796,382, which is particularly suited to such an active approach (thrown / launched directly into the fire). More particularly, according to the invention there is provided a fire-fighting device which comprises:
- an envelope preferably frangible, which delimits an internal cavity in which is attached at least one extinguishing agent, dispersible, and
- Pyrotechnic means include:
- - Detonator means intended to trigger said explosion of said at least one explosive charge.
- said detonating means comprise:
- an ignition device designed to trigger, in an active state, said explosion of said at least one explosive charge
- a shock sensor designed to detect a mechanical shock received by said device and to bring said ignition device into said active state upon detection of said mechanical shock.
- the device according to the invention can be projected directly into the fire and can release its extinguishing agent within this fire (or even in the immediate vicinity or above) thanks to its triggering system on impact.
- the shock sensor detects a mechanical shock and brings (instantly, or even with a delay or latency) the ignition device in its active state.
- the ignition device in its active state, causes (instantaneously) the explosion of said at least one explosive charge and, as a corollary, the rupture of said envelope and the dispersion of said extinguishing agent.
- Such a device according to the invention therefore no longer needs a time of exposure to fire, as necessary with the known fighting members of the prior art.
- said shock sensor according to the invention advantageously comprises a movable part which is able to move between two positions:
- the holding means comprise a metal part, for example a ball, clamped between the movable part and a support part.
- the metal part is then intended to be extracted (to be ejected) from its location / from its initial state (advantageously due to its inertia).
- the ignition device consists of an electric ignition device, also called an igniter.
- the shock sensor consists of an electrical module connected to said electrical ignition device.
- the electrical module comprises:
- the detonator means comprise state indicator means, in particular adapted to indicate an activated state of the shock sensor (for example among sound, visual means, etc.).
- the ignition device consists of a mechanical ignition device.
- the mechanical ignition device advantageously comprises:
- At least one wick intended to be ignited by said primer and which extends to said at least one explosive charge.
- the holding means are preferably located between the striker and the primer.
- the shock sensor is outside said internal cavity, on the surface of the casing or at a distance from the casing, or integrated into the internal cavity; the shock sensor is advantageously attached to the surface of said envelope, by means of fixing means removable, for example adhesive strips or embedding structures in said envelope; preferably, an attached pellet, forming a “target marking”, is used and attached to facilitate the positioning of the primer head opposite the pyrotechnic wick;
- the shock sensor is protected within a shell which advantageously has a shape chosen from a spherical cap and a sphere;
- the envelope consists of a spherical envelope, for example made of at least one plastic material;
- - Said detonator means comprise priming means intended to be controlled to allow the passage of said ignition device in said active state upon detection of said mechanical shock.
- the present invention also relates to a fire fighting system, which system comprises:
- At least one flying machine advantageously a drone, comprising at least one release module, adapted to receive said at least one device and to release said at least one device above a fire.
- the present invention also relates to a method of fighting fires, which method comprises a step of releasing at least one device according to the invention, advantageously from a flying machine, preferably a drone, so that said at least one load explosive is triggered when said device strikes a surface after its release.
- the present invention also relates to the detonator means for a device according to the invention, comprising:
- an ignition device designed to trigger, in an active state, said explosion of said at least one explosive charge
- a shock sensor designed to detect a mechanical shock received by said device and to bring said ignition device into said active state upon detection of said mechanical shock.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a fire-fighting device according to the invention comprising electric detonator means which are equipped with a shock sensor formed by an electrical module, external and fixed to the casing , and an internal electric ignition device;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic and perspective view of the embodiment according to Figure 1, in which the shock sensor is separate from the casing;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view which illustrates the components of a shock sensor confirmed in Figure 1;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic and exploded view of the shock sensor according to FIG. 3;
- FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view which illustrates an alternative embodiment for the electric detonator means according to FIG. 1;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic, isolated view of the electric detonator means according to FIG.
- FIG. 7 shows the electrical diagram of the electric detonator means according to Figures 1 to 6;
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view, and partially exploded, of another variant of the fire-fighting device, in which the electric detonator means are equipped with an external electric ignition device;
- FIG. 9 is a schematic, partial and enlarged view of the fire-fighting device according to Figure 8, showing the assembly between the wick and the electric ignition device;
- FIG. 10 is still a schematic view of a variant of the fire-fighting device in which the electric detonator means are grouped inside the casing;
- FIG. 11 is a schematic view which here illustrates the components of mechanical detonator means;
- FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view which illustrates the detonator means according to FIG. 11 attached to a casing (shown partially);
- FIG. 13 is a schematic and perspective view of the mechanical detonator means according to FIG. 11;
- FIG. 14 is a schematic sectional view which illustrates the detonator means according to Figure 11 after the removal of the priming means;
- FIG. 15 shows, in a sectional and partial view, an alternative embodiment for the assembly of the detonator means on a casing;
- FIG. 16 is a schematic perspective view of the detonator means according to FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic view, in section and with two detail views, which shows a device whose external impact sensor is located at a distance from the casing;
- FIG. 18 is a schematic perspective view of a fire fighting system comprising at least one device according to the invention (in a detail view) and a flying machine of the drone type;
- FIG. 19 is a schematic and exploded view illustrating a variant of the shock sensor according to Figures 8 or 9, mounted surface mounted, comprising a primer head in "indirect" arrangement;
- FIG. 20 is a schematic view, with a partial section, of the shock sensor according to FIG. 19;
- FIG. 21 is a schematic and partial view which illustrates a variant of the fire-fighting device, in which the electric detonator means are grouped partially inside the casing;
- FIG. 22 is a schematic and partial view of the drone-type flying machine according to Figure 18, showing activation means provided to control the priming means equipping the device according to the invention;
- FIG. 23 is a schematic and partial view of the drone-type flying machine according to Figure 18, showing an embodiment of its release module.
- FIGS 1 to 17 and 19 to 21 illustrate fire fighting devices according to the invention.
- the device 1 comprises:
- an envelope 2 which delimits an internal cavity 3 in which is attached at least one extinguishing agent 4, dispersible, and
- the envelope 2 thus advantageously consists of a frangible envelope, also called “destructible”, adapted to be degraded by the explosion generated by the pyrotechnic means 5 while being able to withstand a mechanical shock described below.
- This envelope 2 here advantageously has the shape of a sphere (spherical shape).
- This envelope 2 is advantageously made of a plastic material, preferably rigid low density, for example of the foam type, for example of expanded polystyrene foam.
- This envelope 2 is advantageously wrapped in a protective plastic film.
- This envelope 2 advantageously has an outer diameter of ten, or a few tens, of centimeters.
- Said at least one extinguishing agent 4 preferably consists of a dispersible chemical product, advantageously a powder, active against fire.
- Said at least one extinguishing agent 4 is advantageously chosen from extinguishing powders which are essentially composed of non-toxic inorganic salts, mixed with water-repellent and anti-caking agents as well as with various additives (stearates, silicones, starch, etc. inert minerals, etc.) to facilitate their flow.
- Such powders can be based on sodium or potassium bicarbonate, or alternatively on ammonium phosphate and / or sulfate (preferably ammonium phosphate).
- the pyrotechnic means 5 include:
- At least one explosive charge 6 also called “pyrotechnic charge”
- pyrotechnic charge also called "pyrotechnic charge”
- - detonator means 7 intended to trigger the explosion of said at least one explosive charge 6.
- Said at least one explosive charge 6 is advantageously implanted within the internal cavity 3, more preferably at the center of the latter.
- Said at least one explosive charge 6 is advantageously embedded in said at least one extinguishing agent 4.
- said at least one explosive charge 6 is advantageously surrounded (or enveloped) by said at least one extinguishing agent 4.
- Said at least one explosive charge 6 is, for example, chosen from black powders for fireworks (advantageously explosive mixtures of sulfur, potassium nitrate (saltpeter) and charcoal), in particular from bursting charges.
- Said at least one explosive charge 6 is advantageously contained in an envelope which can be made of different materials (paper, fabric, plastic, etc.)
- the detonator means 7, here forming an impact triggering system include:
- an ignition device 8 designed to trigger, in an active state, said explosion of said at least one explosive charge 6,
- state indicator means 10 illustrated in Figures 7, 8, 19 to 21 which are particularly suitable for indicating / signaling an activated state of the shock sensor 9,
- priming means 11 intended to be controlled to prevent / allow the passage of the ignition device 8 in the active state when the mechanical shock is detected by the shock sensor 9.
- the ignition device 8 advantageously consists of means suitable for giving rise to the combustion of said at least one explosive charge 6.
- Such an ignition device 8 is advantageously chosen from pyrotechnic detonators. It advantageously consists, as described below in relation to the various figures, of an electric ignition device or a mechanical ignition device.
- Such an ignition device 8 thus has two states:
- This ignition device 8 can advantageously have two main arrangements with respect to said at least one explosive charge 6:
- the aforementioned pyrotechnic fuse 89 then advantageously extends from said at least one explosive charge 6 and emerges at the level of the outer surface of the casing 2.
- This pyrotechnic wick 89 may include an annular section 891 (visible in FIG. 8) which extends around the circumference of the outer surface of the casing 2 and in a transverse plane of the casing 2.
- Such a pyrotechnic fuse 89 may be of interest to consider, in addition to the active use (projected onto a target surface), a passive use of the device 1 which would come into contact with a fire.
- the shock sensor 9 is designed to, on the one hand, detect a mechanical shock received by said device 1 and, on the other hand, bring the aforementioned ignition device 8 into said active state upon detection of said device. mechanical shock.
- mechanical shock advantageously includes very high amplitude accelerations resulting from the impact / collision of the device 1 on a receiving surface or target surface. Such a mechanical shock also corresponds to a speed discontinuity of the device 1 in motion.
- such a mechanical shock corresponds to the impact of the device 1, on a rigid receiving surface, which is released from a fall height of at least 0.5 m (or even at least 1 m , or even at least 1.5 m).
- the shock sensor 9 advantageously has two states:
- the shock sensor 9 thus advantageously comprises a movable part 91 which is able to move between two positions:
- this movable part 91 has at least one part having a degree of freedom, advantageously a degree of freedom in rotation about an axis of rotation 91 ’( Figures 3, 7, 11) or a degree of freedom in translation.
- the mobile part 91 advantageously cooperates with:
- the elastic return means 92 advantageously consist of mechanical means, for example spring means, provided to tend to bring the movable part 91 from its initial position to its final position.
- the retaining means 93 are advantageously intended to degrade or to deform during the mechanical shock.
- the holding means 93 here comprise at least one metal part 931, for example a metal ball 931, which is intended to be extracted (to be ejected) from its location / from its initial state due to its inertia, when the sensor shock 9 is subjected to an impact / collision with a receiving surface.
- a metal ball 931 for example a metal ball 931, which is intended to be extracted (to be ejected) from its location / from its initial state due to its inertia, when the sensor shock 9 is subjected to an impact / collision with a receiving surface.
- the metal part 931 is intended to be extracted (to be ejected) from its location / from its initial state upon an impact of the device 1, on a rigid receiving surface, which is released from a height of drop of at least 0.5 m (or even at least 1 m, or even at least 1.5 m).
- the metal part 931 is advantageously clamped (directly or indirectly) between the movable part 91, in the initial position, and a support part 94.
- the shock sensor 9 (or even all or part of the ignition device 8) can advantageously have different locations in this device 1: -
- the shock sensor 9 can be outside said internal cavity 3, for example either on the surface of the casing 2, also called “applied” (for example according to FIG. 1) or at a distance from the casing 2 (FIG. 17), or
- the shock sensor 9 can be integrated, fully or partially, in the internal cavity 3 (see for example Figures 10 and 21).
- the shock sensor 9 can therefore be attached to the surface of said casing 2 (applied), by means of removable fixing means 12, for example:
- the driving structures 122 consist, for example, of rods which are terminated by hooking fins.
- the shock sensor 9, at a distance from the envelope 2 has the advantage of being able to possibly touch the target surface before the envelope 2 (release of the device 1 with the shock sensor 9 suspended below) . In this case, the explosion will be generated high above the ground, further improving the dispersion of said at least one extinguishing agent 4.
- shock sensor 9 (and even all or part of the ignition device 8) is advantageously protected within a shell 13.
- the shell 13 is for example made of a rigid plastic material, advantageously resistant to the aforementioned mechanical shock.
- the shell 13 advantageously has a shape chosen from:
- the state indicator means 10 are therefore suitable for indicating / signaling an activated state of the shock sensor 9.
- These state indicator means 10 are for example chosen from sound components (for example a buzzer or beeper) and / or light components (for example a light emitting diode or LED).
- Such state indicator means 10 are in particular useful for avoiding a connection of the shock sensor 9, in the activated state, with an ignition device 8 at the risk of its inadvertent passage into the active state.
- such state indicator means 10 aim to immediately emit a signal following a shock causing the shock sensor 9 to pass into an activated state, with timing means (for example electronic means. delay) for ignition by the ignition device 8, in order to prevent the surrounding persons of an imminent explosion the dispersion of said extinguishing agent 4.
- timing means for example electronic means. delay
- the state indicator means 10 aim to allow the location of the ignition device 8 after explosion, in order for example to recover the source of electrical energy 95 (for example an electric battery or an electric battery. ).
- the priming means 11 are advantageously intended to cooperate with the movable part 91, optionally via the holding means 93, so as to lock / maintain this movable part 91 in its initial position in the event of a mechanical shock (before use, for example. during transport).
- priming means 11 for example of the pin type, are advantageously intended to be removed / degraded to allow the ignition device 8 to pass into the active state upon detection of the mechanical shock.
- these priming means 11 are accessible through the shell 13 (advantageously at the level of the spherical cap 131), with a view to their removal / degradation.
- the priming means 11 are removed if necessary.
- the device 1 can be set in motion (launched, thrown, released, sent, etc.) within the fire to be extinguished, so as to land on a target surface.
- the shock sensor 9 Upon impact on the target surface, the shock sensor 9 is brought from its rest, initial state, to its activated, final state.
- the movable part 91 is here moved from its initial position (solid lines in Figures 7 and 11) to its final position (broken lines in Figures 7 and 11).
- This dispersion advantageously forms a cloud of extinguishing agent 4 which allows a brutal three-dimensional extinguishing effect.
- the device 1 can take different embodiments.
- FIG. 1 to 10 and 19 to 21 A first family of embodiments according to the invention is illustrated in Figures 1 to 10 and 19 to 21.
- the devices 1 each comprise an ignition device 8 which consists of an electric ignition device 8, also called igniter or electric igniter.
- such an igniter 8 allows instantaneous ignition via an electric line.
- Igniter 8 generally consists of a short-circuited resistor which is brought into contact with a ball of pyrotechnic mixture.
- the igniter 8 consists of a primer head 81 (for example composed of mercury fulminate) soldered on a double conductor 82.
- a primer head 81 for example composed of mercury fulminate soldered on a double conductor 82.
- the primer head 81 heats up by the Joule effect and reaches its self-ignition temperature.
- the primer head 81 can have different arrangements, in order to cooperate with said at least one explosive charge 6:
- the double conductor 82 extends radially within the casing 2 and of the cavity 3 so as to end with an external electrical connector 83. allowing its connection to the shock sensor 9 provided with an additional electrical connector 99.
- the double conductor 82 extends radially within the casing 2 and the cavity 3, over the length of a tube. 84 from shock sensor 9.
- This tube 84 has an end end 84a, advantageously pointed to facilitate its introduction, which is provided with a window 85 at which the primer head 81 is located.
- This terminal end 84a is intended to come to be received, advantageously by indentation, within said at least one explosive charge 6.
- the flame generated by the primer head 81 is intended to exit through the window 85.
- the primer head 81 is advantageously attached to the annular section 891 of the pyrotechnic wick 89.
- the retention is for example obtained by means of an adhesive member 811 (for example an adhesive patch), as illustrated in Figure 8 for example.
- an adhesive member 811 for example an adhesive patch
- the concave lower face 132 comprises a slot 1321 within which the primer head 81 is positioned (FIGS. 19 and 20).
- the primer head 81 is then advantageously attached to the annular section 891 of the pyrotechnic wick 89.
- the maintenance of the primer head 81 on the pyrotechnic wick 89 is advantageously obtained by mounting the ignition device 8 on the casing 2.
- an attached pellet 15, forming a "target marking”, is advantageously used and attached to facilitate the positioning of the primer head 81 opposite the pyrotechnic wick 89.
- This insert 15 is advantageously intended to be attached between the casing 2 and the ignition device 8.
- the attached patch 15 is advantageously made of an adhesive plastic film.
- the insert 15 in the shape of a crown, advantageously comprises:
- the upper face 153 advantageously comprises a marking corresponding to the outline of the concave lower face 132 of the shell 13.
- the outline of the outer edge 154 corresponds to the outline of the lower face. concave 132 of the shell 13.
- the insert 15 is affixed to the casing 2 so that its internal edge 151 surrounds a part of the pyrotechnic wick 89. Then, the ignition device 8 is suitably positioned on the casing 2, thanks to the insert 15 in the presence; for this, where appropriate, the adhesive member 811 fitted to the concave lower face 132 of the shell 13 adheres to the upper face 153 of the insert 15.
- the shock sensor 9 advantageously consists of an electrical module connected to the electrical ignition device 8.
- electrical module is meant a material comprising an electrical circuit composed of a set of electrical and / or electronic components.
- the electrical module 9 advantageously comprises:
- a source of electrical energy 95 for example an electric battery or an electric battery, advantageously associated with an insulating blade 951 intended to be removed to initiate the electrical supply, and
- This electric module 9 is intended to be electrically connected to the electric ignition device 8.
- the mobile part 91 is thus able to move between the two positions:
- a metal part 931 (here a ball 931) is here clamped between, on the one hand, the movable part 91 of the switch 96, in the initial position and in its open state and, of on the other hand, the support part 94 opposite.
- the electrical module 9 can include an accelerometer type sensor, preferably a non-controlled displacement accelerometer, and more precisely advantageously chosen from:
- the electric module 9 also advantageously comprises:
- the source of electrical energy 95 for example an electric battery or an electric battery
- control means for example a microcontroller, cooperating with the accelerometer type sensor.
- the state indicator means 10 are advantageously adapted to emit a signal (sound, visual, etc.) when the shock sensor 9 is in an activated state.
- This electric module 9 integrates for this, for example sound means (buzzer), visual means (LED), etc.
- the state indicator means 10 are, where appropriate, adapted to emit a signal when the mobile part 91 is in its final position (switch 96 in a closed state).
- Such state indicator means 10 thus aim to prevent the assembly of an impact sensor 9 in an activated state with the ignition device 8, at the risk of causing the latter to pass immediately into its active state.
- such state indicator means 10 can emit a signal after the impact, in order to warn operators in the vicinity of the imminent explosion causing the dispersion of said extinguishing agent 4.
- the state indicator means 10 can still be useful for locating and recovering the ignition device 8 after the explosion.
- the priming means 11 here consist of a pin 111 which passes, where appropriate, through the metal part 931, or even the support part 94, for example so as to extend between the support part 94 and the movable part 91.
- FIG. 17 contemplates an impact sensor 9 outside said internal cavity 3, away from the casing 2, with a primer head 81 (inside) housed directly within said at least one explosive charge 6; the shock sensor 9 is secured to the casing 2 here by a flexible link, for example formed by the double conductor 82.
- Figure 10 contemplates a shock sensor 9 which is integrally interior to said internal cavity 3, with a primer head 81 (interior) housed directly within said at least one explosive charge 6.
- Figure 21 contemplates a shock sensor 9 which is partially interior to said internal cavity 3 (part of its shell 13 is accessible through the casing 2), with a primer head 81 (interior) housed directly within of said at least one explosive charge 6.
- the shell 13 advantageously comprises a spherical cap 131 which forms a continuous part of the casing 2 of the device 1 (the radius of the spherical cap 131 is identical to the radius of the casing 2).
- the casing 2 advantageously comprises a through orifice adapted to the insertion (advantageously within the clearance) of the impact sensor 9. This through orifice is thus advantageously closed by the impact sensor 9 attached.
- the casing 2 advantageously comprises a second through orifice, in order to facilitate the filling of the casing 2 with the extinguishing agent 4.
- This second through orifice is intended to be closed after filling, for example by means of a polystyrene stopper.
- the envelope 2 advantageously comprises two half-envelopes (or half-shells or half-spheres) identical to one another, each comprising a through orifice (advantageously at its top).
- the metal part 931 is if necessary ejected from its initial location.
- the movable part 91 is thus able to move from its initial position (solid lines), in which the switch 96 is in an open state, to its final position (broken lines), at rest, in which the switch 96 is in its closed state.
- the mechanical shock is detected by the accelerometer.
- the primer head 81 triggers the explosion of said at least one explosive charge 6 and the dispersion of said at least one extinguishing agent 4:
- FIG. 11 to 14 A second family of embodiments according to the invention is illustrated in Figures 11 to 14.
- the devices 1 comprise an ignition device 8 which consists of a mechanical ignition device 8.
- the mechanical ignition device 8 comprises:
- At least one wick 98 intended to be ignited by the primer 97 and which extends to said at least one explosive charge 6 (advantageously via the aforementioned pyrotechnic wick 89).
- the wick 98 advantageously opens under the ignition device 8 with a spiral portion which is intended to cover the aforementioned pyrotechnic wick 89. This particular shape of the wick 98 aims to optimize the ignition of the pyrotechnic wick 89.
- the holding means 93 are located between the striker 91 and the primer 97.
- the holding means 93 here include:
- the stopper 932 is adapted, on the one hand, to clamp the metal part 931 with the support part 94 and, on the other hand, to keep the movable part 91 in its initial position.
- the stop 932 is movable between two end-of-travel positions, here in translation along a translation axis 932 ’, namely:
- the metal part 931 is therefore clamped between the stop 932 (in the deployed position) and the support part 94.
- the priming means 11 include here:
- FIGS 11 to 16 consider a shock sensor 9 outside said internal cavity 3, on the surface of the casing 2, cooperating with the pyrotechnic wick 89.
- shock sensor 9 could also be inside said internal cavity 3.
- the metal part 931 is ejected from its initial location.
- the stop 932 After removal of the metal part 931 and under the action of the elastic return means 933, the stop 932 is maneuvered into its retracted position so as to deviate from the travel of the movable part 91 to allow its passage into the final position.
- the movable part 91 is thus able to move from its initial position (solid lines) to its final position (broken lines), at rest, in which it strikes the primer 97 which ignites the wick 98 causing the explosion of the explosive charge 6 (here via the pyrotechnic fuse 89).
- the device 1 according to the invention is advantageously implemented within a fire-fighting system 20 ( Figures 18, 22 and 23).
- Such a system 20 comprises: - at least one device 1 according to the invention, and
- Said at least one flying machine 21 comprises at least one release module 22 which is adapted to receive at least one device 1 according to the invention and to release said at least one device 1 above a fire.
- the release module 22 has for this advantageously two positions:
- Such a release module 22 comprises for example a housing 221 associated with movable closure means 222 ( Figures 18 and 23).
- the control between these two positions is for example carried out remotely, by an operator.
- the movable closure means 222 comprise for example a closure member 2221 (for example a strap) which passes through the lower opening of the housing 211 so as to retain the device 1 in transport position.
- a closure member 2221 for example a strap
- This closure member 2221 cooperates with an actuator 2222 (for example a booster) for the operation of the closure member 2221 between the transport position ( Figure 23) and the release position (not shown).
- an actuator 2222 for example a booster
- strap 2221 comprises:
- said at least one flying machine 21 also comprises activation means 23 provided to control the priming means 11 fitted to the device 1 according to the invention before the latter is released (FIG. 22).
- the activation means 23 comprise, for example, an actuator 231 (for example a servomotor) which is connected to the starting means 11 by means of a connecting member 232.
- an actuator 231 for example a servomotor
- the activation means 23 are adapted to maneuver the ignition means 11 in a withdrawn / degraded state, advantageously just before the control of the release module 22, to allow the passage of the ignition device 8 in the active state during detection of mechanical shock.
- This method comprises a step of releasing at least one device 1 according to the invention, from the flying machine 21 which is advantageously positioned above the fire to be extinguished.
- At least one release module 22 is driven from its transport position to its release position.
- said at least one explosive charge 6 is (immediately) triggered, which causes the (immediate) dispersion of said at least one extinguishing agent 4.
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
- Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2022557765A JP2023519244A (ja) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-03-25 | 消火デバイス |
CN202180006502.3A CN115768531A (zh) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-03-25 | 消防设备 |
AU2021240343A AU2021240343A1 (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-03-25 | Fire-fighting device |
BR112022019512A BR112022019512A2 (pt) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-03-25 | Meio de detonação, dispositivo, sistema e método de combate a incêndio |
US17/914,728 US20230264054A1 (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-03-25 | Fire-fighting device |
EP21713429.5A EP4126261A1 (fr) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-03-25 | Dispositif de lutte contre les incendies |
CA3172380A CA3172380A1 (fr) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-03-25 | Dispositif de lutte contre les incendies |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2003009A FR3108518B1 (fr) | 2020-03-27 | 2020-03-27 | Dispositif de lutte contre les incendies |
FRFR2003009 | 2020-03-27 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2021191375A1 true WO2021191375A1 (fr) | 2021-09-30 |
Family
ID=71994577
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2021/057793 WO2021191375A1 (fr) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-03-25 | Dispositif de lutte contre les incendies |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230264054A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4126261A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2023519244A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN115768531A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2021240343A1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112022019512A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3172380A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3108518B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2021191375A1 (fr) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4964469A (en) * | 1988-05-18 | 1990-10-23 | Smith Wayne D | Device for broadcasting dry material by explosive force |
US6796382B2 (en) | 2001-07-02 | 2004-09-28 | Siam Safety Premier Co., Ltd. | Fire extinguishing ball |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB572571A (en) * | 1940-07-13 | 1945-10-15 | George Temple | Improved delay action device for fuzes |
FR2288295A1 (fr) * | 1974-10-16 | 1976-05-14 | Serat | Projectile offensif, tel que grenade, bombe, missile, lance par moyens pyrotechniques |
FR2699662B1 (fr) * | 1992-12-18 | 1995-02-17 | Giat Ind Sa | Système d'amorçage à détecteur d'impact tout azimut pour munition, en particulier pour sous-munition éjectée d'un obus cargo. |
CN105423828B (zh) * | 2015-11-20 | 2017-03-22 | 安徽霍山科皖特种铸造有限责任公司 | 一种水基灭火弹的战斗部 |
CN205175244U (zh) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-20 | 贵州航天风华精密设备有限公司 | 一种森林灭火弹触碰引信 |
CN206345001U (zh) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-07-21 | 润泰救援装备科技河北有限公司 | 救援无人机、救援无人机群及其调控消防系统 |
CN207384634U (zh) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-05-22 | 南京森林警察学院 | 一种无人机机载森林消防水基灭火弹 |
CN107670201A (zh) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-02-09 | 上海机电工程研究所 | 无人机载型灭火系统 |
CN207734492U (zh) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-08-17 | 陈春霞 | 灭火弹及其发射系统 |
CN109718493A (zh) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-07 | 国网山东省电力公司沂源县供电公司 | 碰撞式灭火手雷 |
CN110465036B (zh) * | 2019-08-19 | 2024-02-06 | 西安恒宇众科空间技术有限公司 | 可控制导灭火弹、灭火系统及灭火方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-03-27 FR FR2003009A patent/FR3108518B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-03-25 AU AU2021240343A patent/AU2021240343A1/en active Pending
- 2021-03-25 CN CN202180006502.3A patent/CN115768531A/zh active Pending
- 2021-03-25 EP EP21713429.5A patent/EP4126261A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-03-25 CA CA3172380A patent/CA3172380A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-03-25 US US17/914,728 patent/US20230264054A1/en active Pending
- 2021-03-25 BR BR112022019512A patent/BR112022019512A2/pt unknown
- 2021-03-25 WO PCT/EP2021/057793 patent/WO2021191375A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2021-03-25 JP JP2022557765A patent/JP2023519244A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4964469A (en) * | 1988-05-18 | 1990-10-23 | Smith Wayne D | Device for broadcasting dry material by explosive force |
US6796382B2 (en) | 2001-07-02 | 2004-09-28 | Siam Safety Premier Co., Ltd. | Fire extinguishing ball |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN115768531A (zh) | 2023-03-07 |
FR3108518B1 (fr) | 2024-02-23 |
JP2023519244A (ja) | 2023-05-10 |
AU2021240343A1 (en) | 2022-10-20 |
FR3108518A1 (fr) | 2021-10-01 |
BR112022019512A2 (pt) | 2022-11-29 |
EP4126261A1 (fr) | 2023-02-08 |
CA3172380A1 (fr) | 2021-09-30 |
US20230264054A1 (en) | 2023-08-24 |
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