WO2021184483A1 - 落车制动控制装置及磁悬浮列车 - Google Patents

落车制动控制装置及磁悬浮列车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021184483A1
WO2021184483A1 PCT/CN2020/085928 CN2020085928W WO2021184483A1 WO 2021184483 A1 WO2021184483 A1 WO 2021184483A1 CN 2020085928 W CN2020085928 W CN 2020085928W WO 2021184483 A1 WO2021184483 A1 WO 2021184483A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
brake
control
emergency
levitation
drop
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PCT/CN2020/085928
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李慧
李方方
赵跃鹏
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中车唐山机车车辆有限公司
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Publication of WO2021184483A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021184483A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/745—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on a hydraulic system, e.g. a master cylinder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation

Definitions

  • This application relates to magnetic levitation technology, and in particular to a falling brake control device and a magnetic levitation train.
  • Maglev train is a modern high-tech rail transportation tool. It uses electromagnetic force to achieve non-contact levitation and guidance between the train and the track, and then uses the electromagnetic force generated by the linear motor to pull the train. It has the advantages of high speed and low noise.
  • maglev trains usually use hydraulic braking as the main braking control method. Since maglev vehicles have no running parts and only suspension frames, hydraulic support wheels are required to support the vehicle when parking or dropping the vehicle. However, it is difficult for the current maglev train to ensure the reliable support of the train's hydraulic support wheels during emergency braking. At this time, if the emergency braking is applied, the maglev train will stop immediately and the suspension frame will directly descend, which will have a greater impact on the vehicle and Affect the comfort of passengers.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a fall brake control device and a magnetic levitation train, which are used to overcome the problem that when emergency braking is applied in the related art, the maglev train will stop immediately and the suspension frame will directly land, which will have a greater impact on the vehicle and affect passengers. The problem of comfort.
  • An embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a landing brake control device for rail vehicles, including:
  • the drop brake switch is used to electrically connect with the levitation control system, and is used to generate a drop brake command when a control command input by the driver is received, and the drop brake command is used to trigger the levitation control
  • the system controls the vehicle to drop off;
  • the delay control module is used to be electrically connected to the down brake switch and used to be electrically connected to the emergency brake system, and used to delay a preset time according to the down brake command of the down brake switch
  • the emergency braking system is triggered to apply emergency braking to the vehicle.
  • the delay control module includes: a delay relay, the delay relay has a control part and a delay contact, the control part is connected in series with the drop brake switch, The delay contact is used to disconnect the emergency braking control circuit in the emergency braking system after a delay of a preset time.
  • the delay contact is used in series with the emergency brake button in the emergency brake system.
  • the emergency braking system includes two braking control branches arranged in parallel; both of the braking control branches include an emergency braking button and a delay contact connected in series.
  • the emergency braking system is further provided with a network relay electrically connected to the network system, and the contacts of the network relay are arranged in series on the brake control branch; the network The relay is used to control the contacts of the network relay to disconnect the emergency braking control circuit in the emergency braking system when the high level signal of the network system is received.
  • the drop brake switch includes a drop brake button.
  • the drop brake control device further includes a main control handle, the main control handle has a plurality of working positions, one of the plurality of working positions is a relief position, so When the main control handle is switched to the relief position, the emergency braking system is controlled to relieve.
  • the drop brake switch is also used to electrically connect with a network system, and the network system is used to record the operating state of the drop brake switch.
  • the levitation control system includes a levitation switch, a levitation control unit, and each levitation frame control module; the levitation switch and the drop brake switch are electrically connected to the levitation control unit, respectively; The levitation control unit is electrically connected with each levitation frame control module.
  • An embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a magnetic levitation train, including: a vehicle body and the drop brake control device according to any one of the foregoing; the drop brake control device is installed to the vehicle body.
  • the embodiment of the application provides an alighting brake control device and a magnetic levitation train.
  • the braking and alighting commands can be sent to the levitation control system and the emergency control system.
  • the emergency braking system delays the application of braking, so that the emergency braking will not be applied immediately during the process of alighting.
  • the emergency braking will be applied after a preset time delay, which will give the maglev train a certain amount of time.
  • the buffer time helps to avoid the problem of the suspension frame directly landing during the emergency braking process, and reduces the impact on the vehicle, thereby helping to ensure the safety of the vehicle and the comfort of the passengers.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of a parking brake control device provided by an exemplary embodiment one;
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a fall brake control device provided by an exemplary embodiment one;
  • Fig. 3 is a structural block diagram of the levitation control system provided by the first exemplary embodiment
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of an emergency braking system provided by an exemplary embodiment 1
  • 1- Falling brake switch 2- Delay control module; 21- Delay relay; 21a delay contact; 3- Suspension control system; 31- Suspension control unit; 32- Suspension switch; 33- Suspension frame control module ;4-Emergency brake system; 41-Emergency brake button; 42-Master control handle; 43-Emergency brake relay; 43a-Contact part of emergency brake relay; 44-Brake control unit; 45-Traction reverse Inverter; 46a- the contact part of the network relay; 5- network system; 6-cab occupancy switch; 7-ATP cut-off switch; 8-ATP brake switch.
  • Maglev train is a modern high-tech rail transportation tool. It uses electromagnetic force to achieve non-contact levitation and guidance between the train and the track, and then uses the electromagnetic force generated by the linear motor to pull the train. It has the advantages of high speed and low noise.
  • maglev trains usually use hydraulic braking as the main braking control method. Since maglev vehicles have no running parts and only suspension frames, hydraulic support wheels are required to support the vehicle when parking or dropping the vehicle. However, when the levitation system fails, it is difficult to ensure that the train's hydraulic support wheels are reliably supported. At this time, in the event of an accident and emergency braking is applied, the maglev train will immediately stop and the suspension frame will directly descend, which will have a greater impact on the vehicle And affect the comfort of passengers.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an alighting brake control device and a magnetic levitation train.
  • the braking and alighting commands can be sent to the levitation control system. It can also be sent to the emergency braking system and the emergency braking system can delay the application of braking, which can ensure the reliable stopping of the maglev train and stable alighting, which is beneficial to ensure the safety of the vehicle and the comfort of passengers.
  • the drop brake control device As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the drop brake control device provided by this embodiment is used for rail vehicles such as maglev trains, and includes: a levitation control system 3, an emergency brake system 4, a drop brake switch 1 and an extension Time control module 2.
  • the levitation control system 3 is used to control the levitation or landing of the maglev train.
  • the levitation control system 3 includes: a levitation switch 32, a levitation control unit 31 and each levitation frame control module 33.
  • the levitation switch 32 is used to receive the control command input by the driver to control the landing or levitation, and send the command to the levitation control unit 31, and the levitation control unit 31 transmits the corresponding instruction to each suspension control module 33, and each The suspension frame control module 33 respectively controls the corresponding suspension frame to perform the floating or landing actions.
  • the emergency braking system 4 includes a hydraulic braking system.
  • the hydraulic braking system is used to convert the hydraulic braking force into mechanical braking force to realize the braking of the maglev train.
  • the hydraulic brake system includes a brake control unit 44, a hydraulic control unit, and a brake execution unit.
  • the brake control unit 44 is used to generate an emergency brake signal when the emergency brake control circuit is disconnected, and the hydraulic control unit uses In order to transmit the required hydraulic braking force to the braking execution unit according to the emergency braking signal, the braking execution unit is used to convert the hydraulic braking force into a mechanical braking force to achieve braking.
  • the brake control unit 44 includes an electronic control unit and a solenoid valve
  • the hydraulic control unit includes a hydraulic drive cylinder
  • the brake execution unit includes a brake caliper
  • the hydraulic brake system also includes an accumulator for supplying oil.
  • the electronic control unit is used to control the solenoid valve to lose power when the emergency brake is applied.
  • the solenoid valve loses power
  • the accumulator and the hydraulic drive cylinder are connected, and the hydraulic oil in the accumulator can enter the hydraulic drive
  • the oil cylinder makes the hydraulic drive oil cylinder drive the brake caliper to hold the track tightly to achieve braking.
  • the drop brake switch 1 can be electrically connected with the levitation control unit 31 in the levitation control system 3.
  • the falling brake switch 1 is used to generate a falling brake command when receiving a control command input by the driver, and the falling brake command is used to trigger the levitation control system 3 to control the vehicle falling.
  • the landing brake command is used to trigger the levitation control unit 31 to generate a control command to control the landing.
  • the levitation control unit 31 then transmits the corresponding command to each suspension control module 33, and each suspension control module 33 controls the corresponding suspension respectively.
  • the frame executes the action of dropping the vehicle.
  • the levitation switch 32 and the drop brake switch 1 are electrically connected to the levitation control unit 31, respectively.
  • the driver can control alighting through the suspension switch 32 and the parking brake switch 1 respectively.
  • the delay control module 2 is used for electrical connection with the drop brake switch 1 and for electrical connection with the emergency brake system 4, and is used to delay the preset time according to the drop brake command of the drop brake switch 1
  • the emergency braking system 4 is triggered to apply emergency braking to the vehicle.
  • the delay control module 2 can be electrically connected with the brake control unit 44 in the emergency brake system 4.
  • the delay time can be determined according to the actual situation, for example, the delay time can be 1.5 milliseconds, 1.6 milliseconds, and so on. In this way, during the process of landing, emergency braking will not be applied immediately. The emergency braking will be applied after a preset time delay. This gives the maglev train a certain buffer time for landing, so that emergency braking can be applied after landing. It is helpful to avoid the problem of the suspension frame directly falling during the emergency braking process, and reduce the impact on the vehicle, thereby helping to ensure the safety of the vehicle and the comfort of the passengers.
  • the delay control module 2 includes: a delay relay 21, the delay relay 21 has a control part and a delay contact 21a, and the control part is connected with a parking brake switch 1 in series, the delay contact 21a is used to disconnect the emergency brake control circuit in the emergency brake system 4 after a delay of a preset time.
  • the drop brake switch 1 may be at least one of the following: a button, a toggle switch, and a touch screen.
  • the implementation process of this embodiment may be illustrated by taking the drop brake switch 1 as a button as an example, that is, taking the drop brake switch 1 as a drop brake button as an example.
  • the closed drop brake button will conduct the control part of the delay relay 21 with the power supply, so that the control of the delay relay 21 Partially powered.
  • the delay contact 21a is controlled to open after a preset time delay, thereby disconnecting the emergency brake control circuit.
  • the control part of the emergency brake relay 43 is energized, and the contact part 43a of the emergency brake relay is closed; at this time, the brake control unit 44 can be triggered to control the application of mechanical brake, or trigger the traction
  • the inverter 45 and the braking control unit 44 respectively control the application of dynamic braking and mechanical braking.
  • the contact part 43a of the emergency brake relay is also electrically connected to the network system 5, and the network system 5 is used to record the state of the contact part 43a of the emergency brake relay for subsequent query.
  • the contact part 43a of the emergency brake relay is connected in series with the ATP (Automatic Train Protection) cut-off switch 7, a device in the network system 5 and the power supply; the contact part 43a of the emergency brake relay 43 is still Connect with another device of the network system 5 in series.
  • ATP Automatic Train Protection
  • the delay contact 21a is used in series with the emergency brake button 41 in the emergency brake system 4. That is, when at least one of the delay contact 21a and the emergency brake button 41 receives a corresponding instruction, both of them can disconnect the emergency brake control circuit.
  • the delay control module 2 can also be implemented by a circuit structure with a delay function. This embodiment and the following embodiments may be illustrated by taking the delay relay 21 as an example.
  • the emergency braking system 4 includes two braking control branches arranged in parallel; each of the braking control branches includes an emergency braking button 41 and a delay contact 21a connected in series.
  • each of the braking control branches includes an emergency braking button 41 and a delay contact 21a connected in series.
  • the other brake control branch can still be disconnected with a delay to ensure that the hydraulic brake can be applied normally.
  • the brake control branch and the driver's cab occupancy switch 6, ATP brake switch 8, and power supply form an emergency brake control circuit.
  • the brake control branch is not limited to two.
  • the number of brake control branches may also be three or four.
  • by setting the brake control branch to two it can ensure that the hydraulic brake is normally applied, which is beneficial to reduce the cost.
  • the current can still pass through the other normal brake control branch; when the delay contact 21a in the normal brake control branch is disconnected.
  • the control part of the emergency brake relay 43 can be energized and the brake control unit 44 can generate an emergency brake signal.
  • the emergency brake signal is used to trigger the execution of the emergency brake. Action operation. After the operation of the maglev train is completed, the brake control branch that has failed can be overhauled and maintained.
  • the landing brake control device further includes a main control handle 42.
  • the main control handle 42 has multiple working positions, one of the multiple working positions is a relief position, and the main control handle 42 is switched to the relief position to control emergency The braking system 4 is relieved. In this way, when the main control handle 42 is in other working positions, the emergency braking cannot be relieved, thereby helping to avoid accidental relief of the emergency braking.
  • the emergency braking system 4 is also provided with a network relay electrically connected to the network system 5, and the contact part 46a of the network relay is arranged in series on the brake control branch; the network relay is used for When the high-level signal of the network system 5 is received, the contact part 46a of the control network relay disconnects the emergency brake control circuit in the emergency brake system 4.
  • the network system 5 will send a high-level signal to enable the control part of the network relay to be energized, and the control part of the network relay controls the network The contact part 46a of the relay is disconnected, so that the emergency brake control circuit is disconnected, and the vehicle is subjected to emergency braking.
  • the drop brake switch 1 is also used to electrically connect to the network system 5, and the network system 5 is used to record the operating state of the drop brake switch 1 for easy query during subsequent maintenance.
  • the emergency brake button 41 fails, the levitation alighting command of the train can be sent by the levitation switch 32, but the emergency braking of the vehicle will not be applied, and the train will cause an emergency alight during the driving process. Will not stop, it will have a great impact on vehicle and personal safety.
  • the drop brake button 41 when the emergency brake button 41 fails, the drop brake button can still be used to implement the emergency brake application.
  • the emergency brake button 41 can also be used to apply emergency braking. Therefore, when the maglev train needs to stop in an emergency situation, it can reliably realize the emergency braking operation, thereby further improving the vehicle and personal safety.
  • This embodiment also provides a magnetic levitation train, including: a car body and a drop brake control device; the drop brake control device is installed on the car body.
  • a magnetic levitation train including: a car body and a drop brake control device; the drop brake control device is installed on the car body.
  • the left and right sides of the longitudinal center of the figure respectively indicate two leading cars; the driver can operate the landing brake control system in any leading car and realize alighting and delayed emergency braking.
  • the structure, function and implementation process of the falling brake control device are the same as any of the foregoing examples, and will not be repeated here.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , Or integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected, or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components.
  • installed can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , Or integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected, or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components.

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  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种落车制动控制装置及磁悬浮列车，用于克服相关技术中施加紧急制动时磁悬浮列车会立即停车同时悬浮架将直接降落而对车辆的冲击较大且影响乘客的舒适性的问题。其中，所述落车制动控制装置，用于轨道车辆，包括：落车制动开关，用于与所述悬浮控制系统电连接，且用于在接收到司机输入的控制指令时生成落车制动指令，所述落车制动指令用于触发所述悬浮控制系统控制所述车辆落车；延时控制模块，用于与所述落车制动开关电连接且用于与紧急制动系统电连接，用于根据所述落车制动开关的落车制动指令在延迟预设时间之后触发所述紧急制动系统对所述车辆施加紧急制动。

Description

落车制动控制装置及磁悬浮列车 技术领域
本申请涉及磁悬浮技术，尤其涉及一种落车制动控制装置及磁悬浮列车。
背景技术
磁悬浮列车是一种现代高科技轨道交通工具，它通过电磁力实现列车与轨道之间的无接触的悬浮和导向，再利用直线电机产生的电磁力牵引列车运行，具有高速、低噪音等优点。
相关技术中，磁悬浮列车通常采用液压制动作为主要制动控制方式，磁浮车辆由于没有走行部仅有悬浮架，所以车辆停车或落车需要液压支撑轮将车辆支撑起来。然而，目前的磁悬浮列车在紧急制动时难以保证列车液压支撑轮可靠撑起，而此时，若施加紧急制动，磁悬浮列车会立即停车同时悬浮架将直接降落，对车辆的冲击较大且影响乘客的舒适性。
发明内容
本申请实施例中提供一种落车制动控制装置及磁悬浮列车，用于克服相关技术中施加紧急制动时磁悬浮列车会立即停车同时悬浮架将直接降落而对车辆的冲击较大且影响乘客的舒适性的问题。
本申请第一方面实施例提供一种落车制动控制装置，用于轨道车辆，包括：
落车制动开关，用于与所述悬浮控制系统电连接，且用于在接收到司机输入的控制指令时生成落车制动指令，所述落车制动指令用于触发所述悬浮控制系统控制所述车辆落车；
延时控制模块，用于与所述落车制动开关电连接且用于与紧急制动系统电连接，用于根据所述落车制动开关的落车制动指令在延迟预设时间之后触发所述紧急制动系统对所述车辆施加紧急制动。
在其中一种可能的实现方式中，所述延时控制模块包括：延时继电器，所述延时继电器具有控制部分及延时触点，所述控制部分与所述落车制动开关串联，所述延时触点用于在延迟预设时间之后将所述紧急制动系统中的紧急制动控制回路断开。
在其中一种可能的实现方式中，所述延时触点用于与所述紧急制动系统中的紧急制动按钮串联。
在其中一种可能的实现方式中，所述紧急制动系统包括两个并联设置的制动控制支路；所述制动控制支路都包括相串联的紧急制动按钮及延时触点。
在其中一种可能的实现方式中，所述紧急制动系统中还设置有与网络系统电连接的网络继电器，所述网络继电器的触点串联设置于所述制动控制支路；所述网络继电器用于在接收到所述网络系统的高电平信号时控制所述网络继电器的触点将所述紧急制动系统中的紧急制动控制回路断开。
在其中一种可能的实现方式中，所述落车制动开关包括落车制动按钮。
在其中一种可能的实现方式中，所述落车制动控制装置还包括主控手柄，所述主控手柄具有多个工作位，所述多个工作位中的其中一个为缓解位，所述主控手柄切换至所述缓解位时控制所述紧急制动系统缓解。
在其中一种可能的实现方式中，所述落车制动开关还用于与网络系统电连接，所述网络系统用于记录所述落车制动开关的操作状态。
在其中一种可能的实现方式中，所述悬浮控制系统包括悬浮开关、悬浮控制单元及各悬浮架控制模块；所述悬浮开关及落车制动开关分别与所述悬浮控制单元电连接；所述悬浮控制单元分别与所述各悬浮架控制模块电连接。
本申请第二方面实施例提供一种磁悬浮列车，包括：车体及如前述任一项所述的落车制动控制装置；所述落车制动控制装置安装至所述车体。
本申请实施例提供一种落车制动控制装置及磁悬浮列车，通过设置制动落车开关及延时控制模块，使得制动落车指令既能发送给悬浮控制系统，又能发送给紧急制动系统且使得紧急制动系统延迟施加制动，如此，在落车的过程中， 紧急制动不会立即施加，紧急制动经过预设时间的延迟之后再施加，给磁悬浮列车落车一定的缓冲时间，利于避免紧急制动过程中悬浮架直接降落的问题，减小对车辆的冲击，从而利于保证车辆的安全性及乘客的舒适性。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为一示例性实施例一提供的落车制动控制装置的结构框图；
图2为一示例性实施例一提供的落车制动控制装置的原理示意图；
图3为一示例性实施例一提供的悬浮控制系统的结构框图；
图4为一示例性实施例一提供的紧急制动系统的原理示意图
附图标记说明：
1-落车制动开关；2-延时控制模块；21-延时继电器；21a延时触点；3-悬浮控制系统；31-悬浮控制单元；32-悬浮开关；33-悬浮架控制模块；4-紧急制动系统；41-紧急制动按钮；42-主控手柄；43-紧急制动继电器；43a-紧急制动继电器的触点部分；44-制动控制单元；45-牵引逆变器；46a-网络继电器的触点部分；5-网络系统；6-司机室占用开关；7-ATP切除开关；8-ATP制动开关。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请实施例中的技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图对本申请的示例性实施例进行进一步详细的说明，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是所有实施例的穷举。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
磁悬浮列车是一种现代高科技轨道交通工具，它通过电磁力实现列车与轨道之间的无接触的悬浮和导向，再利用直线电机产生的电磁力牵引列车运行， 具有高速、低噪音等优点。
相关技术中，磁悬浮列车通常采用液压制动作为主要制动控制方式，磁浮车辆由于没有走行部仅有悬浮架，所以车辆停车或落车需要液压支撑轮将车辆支撑起来。然而，在悬浮系统出现故障时，难以保证列车液压支撑轮可靠撑起，而此时，一旦发生意外，紧急制动施加，磁悬浮列车会立即停车同时悬浮架将直接降落，对车辆的冲击较大且影响乘客的舒适性。
为了克服上述技术问题，本申请实施例提供一种落车制动控制装置及磁悬浮列车，通过设置制动落车开关及延时控制模块，使得制动落车指令既能发送给悬浮控制系统，又能发送给紧急制动系统且使得紧急制动系统延迟施加制动，既能够保证磁悬浮列车可靠停车又能保证稳定落车，利于保证车辆的安全性及乘客的舒适性。
下面结合附图对本实施例提供的落车制动控制装置及磁悬浮列车的结构、功能及实现过程进行举例说明。
如图1至图4所示，本实施例提供的落车制动控制装置，用于磁悬浮列车等轨道车辆，包括：悬浮控制系统3、紧急制动系统4、落车制动开关1及延时控制模块2。
悬浮控制系统3用于控制磁悬浮列车浮起或落车。示例性地，如图3所示，悬浮控制系统3包括：悬浮开关32、悬浮控制单元31及各悬浮架控制模块33。悬浮开关32用于接收司机输入的控制落车或浮起的控制指令，并将该指令发送给悬浮控制单元31，悬浮控制单元31再将对应的指令传输给各悬浮架控制模块33，由各悬浮架控制模块33分别控制相应的悬浮架执行浮起或落车的动作。
紧急制动系统4包括液压制动系统。液压制动系统用于将液压制动力转换为机械制动力，实现磁悬浮列车的制动。示例性地，液压制动系统包括制动控制单元44、液压控制单元及制动执行单元，制动控制单元44用于在紧急制动控制回路断开时生成紧急制动信号，液压控制单元用于根据紧急制动信号将所 需的液压制动力传递给制动执行单元，制动执行单元用于将液压制动力转换为机械制动力，实现制动。
例如，制动控制单元44包括电子控制单元及电磁阀，液压控制单元包括液压驱动油缸，制动执行单元包括制动夹钳；此外，液压制动系统还包括用于供油的蓄能器。在工作过程中，电子控制单元用于在施加紧急制动时控制电磁阀失电，电磁阀失电时将蓄能器与液压驱动油缸之导通，蓄能器中的液压油能够进入液压驱动油缸，使得液压驱动油缸驱动制动夹钳将轨道抱紧，实现制动。
其中，可以理解的是：悬浮控制系统3及液压制动系统的结构及实现过程并不限于此，本实施例此处只是举例说明。
落车制动开关1可与悬浮控制系统3中的悬浮控制单元31电连接。落车制动开关1用于在接收到司机输入的控制指令时生成落车制动指令，落车制动指令用于触发悬浮控制系统3控制车辆落车。落车制动指令用于触发悬浮控制单元31生成控制落车的控制指令，悬浮控制单元31再将对应的指令传输给各悬浮架控制模块33，由各悬浮架控制模块33分别控制相应的悬浮架执行落车的动作。
另外，悬浮开关32及落车制动开关1分别与悬浮控制单元31电连接。司机可分别通过悬浮开关32及落车制动开关1控制落车。
延时控制模块2用于与落车制动开关1电连接，且用于与紧急制动系统4电连接，用于根据落车制动开关1的落车制动指令在延迟预设时间之后触发紧急制动系统4对车辆施加紧急制动。
其中，延时控制模块2可与紧急制动系统4中的制动控制单元44电连接。延迟的时间可以根据实际情况来定，例如，延迟时间可以为1.5毫秒、1.6毫秒等。如此，在落车的过程中，紧急制动不会立即施加，紧急制动经过预设时间的延迟之后再施加，给磁悬浮列车落车一定的缓冲时间，使得能够在执行落车后施加紧急制动，利于避免紧急制动过程中悬浮架直接降落的问题，减小对车辆的冲击，从而利于保证车辆的安全性及乘客的舒适性。
在其中一种可能的实现方式中，如图2所示，延时控制模块2包括：延时继电器21，延时继电器21具有控制部分及延时触点21a，控制部分与落车制动开关1串联，延时触点21a用于在延迟预设时间之后将紧急制动系统4中的紧急制动控制回路断开。
在具体实现时，落车制动开关1可以为如下至少一种：按钮，拨动开关，触控屏。下面不妨以落车制动开关1为按钮为例，也即以落车制动开关1为落车制动按钮为例对本实施例的实现过程进行举例说明。
如图2及图4所示，在落车制动按钮被按压切换至闭合状态时，闭合的落车制动按钮将延时继电器21的控制部分与电源导通，使得延时继电器21的控制部分得电。控制部分得电后在延迟预设时间后控制延时触点21a断开，从而将紧急制动控制回路断开。紧急制动控制回路断开后，紧急制动继电器43的控制部分得电，紧急制动继电器的触点部分43a闭合；此时，能够触发制动控制单元44控制施加机械制动，或触发牵引逆变器45、制动控制单元44分别控制施加动力制动、机械制动。
其中，施加机械制动，或是机械制动与动力制动叠加可根据实际情况而定，具体的实现过程可与相关技术类似。
另外，紧急制动继电器的触点部分43a也与网络系统5电连接，网络系统5用于记录紧急制动继电器的触点部分43a的状态，便于后续查询。此时，紧急制动继电器的触点部分43a与ATP(列车自动防护子系统，Automatic Train Protection)切除开关7、网络系统5中一器件及电源串联；紧急制动继电器43的触点部分43a还与网络系统5另一器件串联。
可选地，延时触点21a用于与紧急制动系统4中的紧急制动按钮41串联。也即，延时触点21a与紧急制动按钮41中的至少一个收到相应的指令时，均能够将紧急制动控制回路断开。
当然，在其它示例中，延时控制模块2也可由具有延时功能的电路结构来实现。本实施例及下述实施例不妨以延时继电器21为例来说明。
可选地，紧急制动系统4包括两个并联设置的制动控制支路；制动控制支路都包括相串联的紧急制动按钮41及延时触点21a。如此，能够实现双回路控制，在其中一条制动控制支路出现故障难以实现延时制动的功能时，另一条制动控制支路仍然能够延时断开从而确保能够正常施加液压制动。其中，制动控制支路与司机室占用开关6、ATP制动开关8及电源等组成紧急制动控制回路。
当然，在具体实现时，制动控制支路并不限于两个。例如，制动控制支路也可以为三个或四个等。而本示例中，通过将制动控制支路设置为两个，既能够确保液压制动被正常施加，有利于降低成本。
在具体的工作过程中，当两个制动控制支路均正常时，电流从两个制动控制支路中经过；当两个制动控制支路中的延时触点21a断开时，紧急制动控制回路被断开，相应地，紧急制动继电器43的控制部分即可得电并使得制动控制单元44能够生成紧急制动信号，紧急制动信号用于触发执行紧急制动操作。
当其中一个制动控制支路出现故障而不能通电时，电流从仍可从另一正常的制动控制支路中经过；当该正常的制动控制支路中的延时触点21a断开时，紧急制动控制回路被断开，相应地，紧急制动继电器43的控制部分即可得电并使得制动控制单元44能够生成紧急制动信号，紧急制动信号用于触发执行紧急制动操作。磁悬浮列车运营结束后，即可对出现故障的制动控制支路进行检修维护。
可选地，落车制动控制装置还包括主控手柄42，主控手柄42具有多个工作位，多个工作位中的其中一个为缓解位，主控手柄42切换至缓解位时控制紧急制动系统4缓解。如此，在主控手柄42处于其它工作位时，无法实现对紧急制动的缓解，从而利于避免对紧急制动的意外缓解。
在其中一种可能的实现方式中，另外，紧急制动系统4中还设置有与网络系统5电连接的网络继电器，网络继电器的触点部分46a串联设置于制动控制支路；网络继电器用于在接收到网络系统5的高电平信号时控制网络继电器的触点部分46a将紧急制动系统4中的紧急制动控制回路断开。
本示例中，一旦网络系统5收到车辆发出的超速或车辆运行中门打开的信号，网络系统5就会发出高电平信号，使得网络继电器的控制部分得电，网络继电器的控制部分控制网络继电器的触点部分46a断开，使得紧急制动控制回路断开，车辆被施加紧急制动。
在其中一种可能的实现方式中，落车制动开关1还用于与网络系统5电连接，网络系统5用于记录落车制动开关1的操作状态，以便于后续检修维护时查询。
此外，由于相关技术中，若紧急制动按钮41故障，列车的悬浮落车指令可由悬浮开关32来发送，但是车辆的紧急制动将无法施加，列车就会造成在行驶过程中紧急落车但不会停车，对车辆及人身安全就会造成很大影响。
而本示例中，在紧急制动按钮41故障时，仍可由落车制动按钮来实现紧急制动的施加。相应地，在落车制动按钮出现故障时，也可由紧急制动按钮41来施加紧急制动。从而使得在磁悬浮列车遇到紧急状况需急停时，能够可靠地实现紧急制动操作，进而进一步提高车辆及人身安全。
此外，可以理解的是：关于悬浮控制系统及紧急制动系统，本实施例未做说明的部分，可以采用本领域的常规设置。
本实施例还提供一种磁悬浮列车，包括：车体及落车制动控制装置；落车制动控制装置安装至车体。如图2及图4所示，图中纵向中心左右两侧分别示意两个头车；司机在任一头车内均可操作落车制动控制系统且实现落车及延迟施加紧急制动。
其中，落车制动控制装置的结构、功能及实现过程与前述任一示例相同，此处不再赘述。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或可以互相通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的 相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
尽管已描述了本申请一些可选的实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括一些可选的实施例以及落入本申请范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种落车制动控制装置，用于轨道车辆，其特征在于，包括：
    落车制动开关，用于与所述悬浮控制系统电连接，且用于在接收到司机输入的控制指令时生成落车制动指令，所述落车制动指令用于触发所述悬浮控制系统控制所述车辆落车；
    延时控制模块，用于与所述落车制动开关电连接且用于与紧急制动系统电连接，用于根据所述落车制动开关的落车制动指令在延迟预设时间之后触发所述紧急制动系统对所述车辆施加紧急制动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的落车制动控制装置，其特征在于，所述延时控制模块包括：延时继电器，所述延时继电器具有控制部分及延时触点，所述控制部分与所述落车制动开关串联，所述延时触点用于在延迟预设时间之后将所述紧急制动系统中的紧急制动控制回路断开。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的落车制动控制装置，其特征在于，所述延时触点用于与所述紧急制动系统中的紧急制动按钮串联。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的落车制动控制装置，其特征在于，所述紧急制动系统包括两个并联设置的制动控制支路；所述制动控制支路都包括相串联的紧急制动按钮及延时触点。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的落车制动控制装置，其特征在于，所述紧急制动系统中还设置有与网络系统电连接的网络继电器，所述网络继电器的触点串联设置于所述制动控制支路；所述网络继电器用于在接收到所述网络系统的高电平信号时控制所述网络继电器的触点将所述紧急制动系统中的紧急制动控制回路断开。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的落车制动控制装置，其特征在于，所述落车制动开关包括落车制动按钮。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的落车制动控制装置，其特征在于，还 包括主控手柄，所述主控手柄具有多个工作位，所述多个工作位中的其中一个为缓解位，所述主控手柄切换至所述缓解位时控制所述紧急制动系统缓解。
  8. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的落车制动控制装置，其特征在于，所述落车制动开关还用于与网络系统电连接，所述网络系统用于记录所述落车制动开关的操作状态。
  9. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的落车制动控制装置，其特征在于，所述悬浮控制系统包括悬浮开关、悬浮控制单元及各悬浮架控制模块；所述悬浮开关及落车制动开关分别与所述悬浮控制单元电连接；所述悬浮控制单元分别与所述各悬浮架控制模块电连接。
  10. 一种磁悬浮列车，其特征在于，包括：车体及如权利要求1-9任一项所述的落车制动控制装置；所述落车制动控制装置安装至所述车体。
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