WO2021180143A1 - 一类jak激酶抑制剂及其制备和应用 - Google Patents

一类jak激酶抑制剂及其制备和应用 Download PDF

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WO2021180143A1
WO2021180143A1 PCT/CN2021/080080 CN2021080080W WO2021180143A1 WO 2021180143 A1 WO2021180143 A1 WO 2021180143A1 CN 2021080080 W CN2021080080 W CN 2021080080W WO 2021180143 A1 WO2021180143 A1 WO 2021180143A1
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substituted
unsubstituted
alkyl
group
compound
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PCT/CN2021/080080
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李傲
P·K·贾达夫
姚元山
陈以乐
曹国庆
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明慧医药（上海）有限公司
明慧医药（杭州）有限公司
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Priority to CN202180020991.8A priority Critical patent/CN115667272A/zh
Priority to JP2022555094A priority patent/JP7522414B2/ja
Priority to US17/906,045 priority patent/US20230099739A1/en
Priority to EP21767654.3A priority patent/EP4119565A4/en
Publication of WO2021180143A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021180143A1/zh

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    • C07D513/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D513/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00
    • C07D513/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D513/08—Bridged systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical compounds. Specifically, the present invention provides a type of JAK kinase inhibitor and its preparation and application.
  • Protein kinases are a family of enzymes that catalyze the phosphorylation of specific residues in proteins, and are roughly classified into tyrosine kinases and serine/threonine kinases.
  • Abnormal kinase activity caused by mutations, overexpression or inappropriate regulation, and excessive or insufficient production of growth factors or cytokines is associated with many diseases, including but not limited to cancer, cardiovascular diseases, allergies, asthma and other respiratory diseases, Autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, bone diseases, metabolic diseases, and neurological and neurodegenerative diseases (such as Alzheimer's disease). Inappropriate levels of kinase activity in vivo trigger a variety of biological cell responses related to cell growth, cell differentiation, cell function, survival, apoptosis and cell migration related to the above-mentioned related diseases.
  • JAK protein tyrosine kinases
  • STAT signal transducer and activator of transcription
  • TYK2 is a member of the JAK kinase family and is very important in the signal transduction of type I interferons (IFNa, INFb) IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and IL-23. In this way, TYK2 signals with other members of the JAK kinase family in the following combinations: TYK2/JAK1, TYK2/JAK2, TYK2/JAK1/JAK2. TYK2 has shown importance in the differentiation and function of many cell types, and many cell types are important for inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases, including natural killer cells, B cells and T helper cell types.
  • JAK1 is expressed at different levels in all tissues. Many cytokine receptors signal through the following combination of paired JAK kinases: JAK1/JAK2, JAK1/JAK3, JAK1/TYK2, JAK2TYK2, or JAK2/JAK2.
  • JAK1 is the most widely paired JAK kinase, and is the ⁇ -universal (IL-2Ry) cytokine receptor, the IL-6 receptor family, the I, II, and III receptor families, and the IL-10 receptor. Necessary for the body family to signal. Animal studies have shown that JAK1 is necessary for the development, function and homeostasis of the immune system. Regulating immune activity by inhibiting JAK1 kinase activity may prove useful in the treatment of various immune diseases.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a JAK family protein kinase inhibitor, especially an inhibitor of TYK2 and/or JAK1 protein kinase.
  • X is selected from the following group: N or CR, wherein R is selected from the following group: hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, CN, hydroxyl, CF 3 , N(R o ) 2 , substituted or unsubstituted C1-C4 alkyl, C1- C4 alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 cycloalkyl;
  • R 1 is independently selected from: hydrogen, deuterium, CN, N(R o ) 2 , substituted or unsubstituted C1-C4 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3- C6 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 membered heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl (C1-C6 alkane Group), substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 membered heteroaryl (C1-C6 alkyl) and substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic (C1-C6 alkyl); wherein, the "substituted or unsubstituted aryl Group (C1-C6 alkyl)” means that one or more hydrogen atoms of the aryl moiety
  • R 2 is selected from: hydrogen, deuterium, C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, halogen and cyano, wherein the alkyl or cycloalkyl may be substituted by one or more fluorine atoms;
  • R 3 is selected from: hydrogen, deuterium and amino
  • R 4 is in:
  • Rc is a group selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, hydroxyl, amino, -COOH, -(CO)NR 7 R 8 , -(SO 2 )NR 7 R 8 , -SO 2 R 7 , -NR 7 COR 8 , -NR 7 SO 2 R 8 , -(CR 7 R 8 )-R 9 , mono- or di-substituted amino, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 alkoxy, Substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 membered heterocyclic group;
  • R 5 is selected from: H, C1-C4 alkyl
  • R 6 is selected from: H, C1-C4 alkyl
  • R 7 , R 8 and R 9 is independently selected from: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 cycloalkyl, substituted Or unsubstituted 5-12 membered heterocyclic group; or R 7 and R 8 and the atoms connected to them form the corresponding 3-8 membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring;
  • n and q are 0, 1 or 2 respectively;
  • n 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 respectively; when m>1, each Rc is independent of each other;
  • substituted refers to being substituted by one or more (for example, 2, 3, 4, etc.) substituents selected from the following group: halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, halogenated C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, halogenated C1-C6 alkoxy, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, halogenated C3-C8 cycloalkyl, oxo, -CN, hydroxyl, amino, A carboxyl group, -COOH, -(CO)NH 2 , or two substituents located on the same atom together to form a C3-C6 cycloalkyl group; and unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents selected from the following group Substituted group selected from the following group: C6-C10 aryl, halogenated C6-C10 aryl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl with 1-3 heteroatoms selected from N
  • heteroaryl or heterocyclic group means that the ring atoms of the group contain 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S.
  • X is N.
  • R 1 is independently selected from CN, N(R o ) 2 , substituted or unsubstituted C1-C4 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 heterocyclic group, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 membered heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl (C1- C6 alkyl), substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 membered heteroaryl (C1-C6 alkyl) and substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic (C1-C6 alkyl).
  • R 2 is selected from hydrogen, halogen and cyano
  • R 3 is hydrogen
  • R 2 is hydrogen or F.
  • Rc is a group selected from the following group: -(CO)NR 7 R 8 , -(SO 2 )NR 7 R 8 , -SO 2 R 7 , -NR 7 COR 8 , -NR 7 SO 2 R 8 , -(CR 7 R 8 )-R 9 , mono- or di-substituted amino, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C6 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted 5-12 membered heterocyclic group.
  • the Is a substituted or unsubstituted group selected from the following group:
  • the Rc is selected from the following group: C1-C6 alkyl,
  • the compound of formula I is selected from the following group:
  • the second aspect of the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising (1) the compound described in the first aspect of the present invention, or its stereoisomers or tautomers, or its pharmaceutically acceptable Salt, hydrate or solvate; and (2) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the third aspect of the present invention provides a compound as described in the first aspect of the present invention, or a stereoisomer or tautomer, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate or solvate thereof, or as
  • the use of the pharmaceutical composition according to the second aspect of the present invention is used to prepare a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and/or treating diseases or disorders related to JAK kinase activity or expression.
  • the disease or condition is selected from the group consisting of inflammation, autoimmune disease, neuroinflammation, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, vertebral osteoarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus nephritis, gout Arthritis, pain, fever, pulmonary sarcoidosis, silicosis, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, nodular myocarditis, myocarditis and cardiac reperfusion injury, cardiomyopathy, stroke, ischemia, reperfusion injury, cerebral edema , Brain trauma, neurodegenerative diseases, liver disease, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, nephritis, retinitis, retinopathy, macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetes (type 1 and type 2), diabetes Sexual neuropathy, viral and bacterial infections, myalgia, endotoxin shock, toxic shock syndrome, autoimmune diseases, osteoporosis
  • the inventors unexpectedly discovered a compound represented by Formula I.
  • the compounds have unexpected activity on regulating cytokines and/or interferons, and can be used to treat diseases mediated by cytokines and/or interferons. Based on the above findings, the inventor completed the present invention.
  • alkyl includes straight or branched chain alkyl groups.
  • C 1 -C 8 alkyl means a straight or branched alkyl group having 1-8 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl Wait.
  • alkenyl includes linear or branched alkenyl.
  • C 2 -C 6 alkenyl refers to a linear or branched alkenyl having 2-6 carbon atoms, such as vinyl, allyl, 1-propenyl, isopropenyl, 1-butenyl, 2 -Butenyl, or similar groups.
  • alkynyl includes straight-chain or branched alkynyl groups.
  • C 2 -C 6 alkynyl refers to a linear or branched alkynyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms, such as ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, or the like.
  • C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl refers to a cycloalkyl having 3-10 carbon atoms. It may be a monocyclic ring, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, or similar groups. It may also be in the form of a bicyclic ring, such as a bridged ring or a spiro ring.
  • C 1 -C 8 alkylamino group refers to an amine group substituted by a C 1 -C 8 alkyl group, which may be mono- or di-substituted; for example, methylamino, ethylamino, Propylamino, isopropylamino, butylamino, isobutylamino, tert-butylamino, dimethylamino, diethylamino, dipropylamino, diisopropylamino, dibutylamino, diisobutylamino, two Tert-butylamino group and so on.
  • C 1 -C 8 alkoxy refers to a linear or branched alkoxy group having 1-8 carbon atoms; for example, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, iso Propoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, tert-butoxy, etc.
  • the term "3-10 membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S, and O" refers to those having 3-10 atoms and wherein 1-3 atoms are A saturated or partially saturated cyclic group of heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S, and O. It can be a single ring or a double ring form, such as a bridged ring or a spiro ring. Specific examples may be oxetane, azetidine, tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, piperidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, morpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl and the like.
  • C 6 -C 10 aryl group refers to an aryl group having 6-10 carbon atoms, for example, a phenyl group or a naphthyl group and the like.
  • 5-12 membered heteroaryl group refers to a cyclic aromatic group having 5-12 atoms and wherein 1-3 atoms are heteroatoms selected from the following group of N, S, and O. It may be a monocyclic ring or a condensed ring form.
  • pyridyl pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, (1,2,3)-triazolyl and (1,2, 4)-Triazolyl, tetrazolyl, furyl, thienyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, etc.
  • the groups of the present invention can be substituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, nitrile, nitro, hydroxyl, and amino. , C 1 -C 6 alkyl-amino, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, halogenated C 1- C 6 alkyl, halo C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, halo C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, halo C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, allyl, benzyl, C 6 -C 12 aryl , C 1 -C 6 alkoxy-C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy-carbonyl, phenoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl-carbonyl, C 2 -C
  • halogen or halogen atom refers to F, Cl, Br, and I. More preferably, the halogen or halogen atom is selected from F, Cl and Br. "Halogenated” refers to substitution with an atom selected from F, Cl, Br, and I.
  • the structural formula described in the present invention is intended to include all isomeric forms (such as enantiomers, diastereomers and geometric isomers (or conformational isomers)): for example, containing asymmetry The R and S configuration of the center, the (Z) and (E) isomers of the double bond, etc. Therefore, a single stereochemical isomer of the compound of the present invention or a mixture of its enantiomers, diastereomers or geometric isomers (or conformational isomers) all belong to the scope of the present invention.
  • tautomers means that structural isomers with different energies can exceed the low energy barrier to convert into each other.
  • proton tautomers ie, proton transfer
  • Valence tautomers include interconversion through the recombination of some bonding electrons.
  • solvate refers to a complex in which the compound of the present invention coordinates with solvent molecules to form a specific ratio.
  • hydrate refers to a complex formed by coordination of the compound of the present invention with water.
  • the compounds of the present application can be prepared by a variety of synthetic methods well known to those skilled in the art, including the specific embodiments listed below, the embodiments formed by combining specific embodiments with other chemical synthesis methods, and those skilled in the art.
  • Well-known equivalent alternatives, and preferred implementations include but are not limited to the examples of the present application.
  • aq stands for aqueous solution
  • HATU O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate
  • EDC stands for N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride
  • m-CPBA stands for 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid
  • eq stands for equivalent and equivalent
  • CDI stands for Carbonyl diimidazole
  • DCM stands for dichloromethane
  • PE stands for petroleum ether
  • DIAD diisopropyl azodicarboxylate
  • DMF stands for N,N-dimethylformamide
  • DMSO stands for dimethyl sulfoxide
  • EtOAc stands for ethyl acetate Esters
  • EtOH stands for ethanol
  • MeOH stands for methanol
  • the compound is artificially or
  • the software is named, and the commercially available compounds use the supplier catalog name.
  • the compound of the present invention has excellent cytokine and/or interferon inhibitory activity, the compound of the present invention and its various crystal forms, pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic salts, hydrates or solvates, and containing the present invention
  • the pharmaceutical composition in which the compound is the main active ingredient can be used to prevent and/or treat (stabilize, reduce or cure) systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. kind of autoimmune and inflammation-related diseases.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention contains a safe and effective amount of the compound of the present invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier.
  • the "safe and effective amount” refers to: the amount of the compound is sufficient to significantly improve the condition without causing serious side effects.
  • the pharmaceutical composition contains 1-2000 mg of the compound of the present invention/agent, more preferably, 1-200 mg of the compound of the present invention/agent.
  • the "one dose” is a capsule or tablet.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” refers to: one or more compatible solid or liquid fillers or gel substances, which are suitable for human use, and must have sufficient purity and sufficiently low toxicity. "Compatibility” here means that the components in the composition can be blended with the compound of the present invention and between them without significantly reducing the efficacy of the compound.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include cellulose and its derivatives (such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, etc.), gelatin, talc, and solid lubricants (such as stearic acid).
  • Magnesium stearate calcium sulfate, vegetable oils (such as soybean oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, olive oil, etc.), polyols (such as propylene glycol, glycerin, mannitol, sorbitol, etc.), emulsifiers (such as ), wetting agents (such as sodium lauryl sulfate), coloring agents, flavoring agents, stabilizers, antioxidants, preservatives, pyrogen-free water, etc.
  • vegetable oils such as soybean oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, olive oil, etc.
  • polyols such as propylene glycol, glycerin, mannitol, sorbitol, etc.
  • emulsifiers such as emulsifiers
  • wetting agents such as sodium lauryl sulfate
  • the administration method of the compound or pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and representative administration methods include (but are not limited to): oral, parenteral (intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous).
  • Solid dosage forms for oral administration include capsules, tablets, pills, powders and granules.
  • the active compound is mixed with at least one conventional inert excipient (or carrier), such as sodium citrate or dicalcium phosphate, or mixed with the following ingredients: (a) fillers or compatibilizers, for example, Starch, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol and silicic acid; (b) binders such as hydroxymethyl cellulose, alginate, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose and gum arabic; (c) humectants, For example, glycerin; (d) disintegrants, such as agar, calcium carbonate, potato starch or tapioca starch, alginic acid, certain complex silicates, and sodium carbonate; (e) slow solvents, such as paraffin; (f) Absorption accelerators, such as quaternary amine compounds; (g) wetting agents, such as cetyl alcohol and glycty
  • Solid dosage forms such as tablets, sugar pills, capsules, pills and granules can be prepared with coatings and shell materials, such as enteric coatings and other materials known in the art. They may contain opacifying agents, and the active compound or the release of the compound in such a composition may be released in a certain part of the digestive tract in a delayed manner. Examples of embedding components that can be used are polymeric substances and waxes. If necessary, the active compound can also be formed into microcapsules with one or more of the above-mentioned excipients.
  • Liquid dosage forms for oral administration include pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups or tinctures.
  • the liquid dosage form may contain inert diluents conventionally used in the art, such as water or other solvents, solubilizers and emulsifiers, for example, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, propylene glycol, 1 , 3-Butanediol, dimethylformamide and oils, especially cottonseed oil, peanut oil, corn germ oil, olive oil, castor oil and sesame oil or mixtures of these substances.
  • composition may also contain adjuvants such as wetting agents, emulsifying and suspending agents, sweetening agents, flavoring agents and perfumes.
  • adjuvants such as wetting agents, emulsifying and suspending agents, sweetening agents, flavoring agents and perfumes.
  • the suspension may contain suspending agents, for example, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene sorbitol and sorbitan esters, microcrystalline cellulose, aluminum methoxide and agar, or mixtures of these substances, and the like.
  • suspending agents for example, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene sorbitol and sorbitan esters, microcrystalline cellulose, aluminum methoxide and agar, or mixtures of these substances, and the like.
  • composition for parenteral injection may contain physiologically acceptable sterile aqueous or non-aqueous solutions, dispersions, suspensions or emulsions, and sterile powders for reconstitution into sterile injectable solutions or dispersions.
  • Suitable aqueous and non-aqueous carriers, diluents, solvents or excipients include water, ethanol, polyols and suitable mixtures thereof.
  • the compounds of the present invention can be administered alone or in combination with other pharmaceutically acceptable therapeutic agents.
  • the pharmaceutical composition When administered in combination, the pharmaceutical composition also includes one or more (2, 3, 4, or more) other pharmaceutically acceptable therapeutic agents.
  • One or more (2, 3, 4, or more) of the other pharmaceutically acceptable therapeutic agents can be used for prevention and/or treatment simultaneously, separately or sequentially with the compound of the present invention Diseases mediated by cytokines and/or interferons.
  • a safe and effective amount of the compound of the present invention is applied to a mammal (such as a human) in need of treatment.
  • the administered dose is usually 1 to 2000 mg, preferably 1 to 500 mg.
  • the specific dosage should also consider factors such as the route of administration and the patient's health status, which are all within the skill range of a skilled physician.
  • Dissolve 1d (3.00g, 5.50mmol), triphenylphosphonium (2.10g, 8.20mmol), diphenyl azide phosphate (2.20g, 8.20mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (40mL), and add to the reaction system at 0°C Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (1.70 g, 5.50 mmol) was added dropwise to the mixture, and after the addition, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours.
  • reaction system was quenched by adding water (30mL), and then extracted with ethyl acetate (50mL x 1), the organic phase was washed with water (20mL x 2), and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a residue.
  • the residue was purified by high performance liquid chromatography to obtain 1( 18mg), yield: 10%.
  • compound 2a (6.00g, 53.10mmol) was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (50mL), and 60% sodium hydride (2.50g, 63.72mmol) was added in batches under an ice bath. After reacting for 30 minutes, methyl bromoacetate (6.00 mL, 63.72 mmol) was added, and the reaction was continued for 2 hours in an ice bath.
  • compound 2d 50.00g, 0.11mol
  • N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (12.60g, 0.13mol) and triethylamine (32.70g, 0.13mol) were dissolved in dichloromethane (500mL), add 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (24.80g, 0.13mol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (17.50g, 0.13mol) ), the reaction solution was reacted overnight at room temperature.
  • reaction solution was diluted with water (400mL), extracted with dichloromethane (200mL x 2), the organic phase was washed with saturated brine (300mL x 1), dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a residue.
  • Caliper mobility shift assay was used to detect the in vitro inhibitory effects of the compounds on JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 or TYK2 kinase.
  • the test compound was dissolved in DMSO to prepare a 10 mM stock solution.
  • DMSO dilute the compound stock solution stepwise to prepare 50 ⁇ working solution (10 concentrations in total), and transfer the working solution of each concentration to Motherboard.
  • the non-contact nano-upgraded sonic pipetting system transfers 5 ⁇ L of compound solution or DMSO of the corresponding concentration from the mother plate to the 384-well reaction plate.
  • Inhibition percentage (max-conversion)/(max-min) ⁇ 100, where "max” represents the conversion reading of the DMSO control, and “min” represents the conversion reading of the low value control.
  • the activity data are all obtained at a concentration of 1mM ATP.
  • mice B lymphocyte BaF3 genetic engineering technology is used to transfer recombinant genes (including TEL and human JAK1, TYK2, JAK2, JAK3 kinase domains), among which TEL can promote TEL-JAK1 or TEL-TYK2 kinase dimer phosphoric acid Chemical and continuous activation make the cell grow dependent on the activity of the recombinant kinase. If the compound has JAK1 or TYK2 kinase inhibitory activity, it can cause cell death by inhibiting the kinase activity.
  • the CellTiter-Glo method was used to detect the proliferation of the genetically engineered cell lines Ba/F3-TEL-JAK1, Ba/F3-TEL-TYK2, Ba/F3-TEL-JAK2, Ba/F3-TEL-JAK3 cultured in vitro in the Examples
  • Graphpad 7.0 was used to fit the curve and calculate the IC 50 value.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一类JAK激酶抑制剂及其制备和应用，具体地，本发明提供了一种如下式I所示结构的化合物、其对映异构体或其药学上可接受的盐。所述的化合物具有优异的JAK激酶抑制活性，因此可以用于治疗与JAK激酶活性或表达量相关的疾病或病症。

Description

一类JAK激酶抑制剂及其制备和应用 技术领域
本发明涉及药物化合物领域，具体地，本发明提供了一类JAK激酶抑制剂及其制备和应用。
背景技术
蛋白质激酶是催化蛋白质中特定残基磷酸化的酶家族，大致分为酪氨酸激酶和丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶。由于突变，过度表达或不适当的调节以及生长因子或细胞因子的过量或不足生产引起的激酶活性不正常与许多疾病有关，包括但不限于癌症，心血管疾病，过敏，哮喘和其他呼吸道疾病，自身免疫性疾病，炎症性疾病，骨骼疾病，代谢性疾病以及神经系统和神经退行性疾病(例如阿尔茨海默氏病)。不适当的体内激酶活性水平触发与上述相关疾病有关的与细胞生长，细胞分化，细胞功能，存活，凋亡和细胞迁移有关的多种生物细胞应答。
因此，蛋白激酶作为治疗干预的靶标已成为一类重要的酶。特别地，细胞蛋白酪氨酸激酶的JAK家族在细胞因子信号传导中起核心作用。与它们的受体结合后，细胞因子会激活JAK，然后将磷酸化细胞因子受体，从而为信号分子(尤其是信号转导子和转录激活子(STAT)家族的成员)建立对接位点，最终导致基因表达。因此，有效且高选择性地抑制特定JAK激酶的化合物可以作为一系列疾病或病症的潜在治疗药物，特别是TYK2和JAK1的抑制剂。
TYK2是JAK激酶家族成员，在I型干扰素(IFNa，INFb)IL-6，IL-10，IL-12和IL-23的信号传导中很重要。这样，TYK2以以下组合与JAK激酶家族的其他成员信号传递：TYK2/JAK1，TYK2/JAK2，TYK2/JAK1/JAK2。TYK2已显示出在多种细胞类型的分化和功能中的重要性，而多种细胞类型对炎症性疾病和自身免疫性疾病很重要，包括自然杀伤细胞，B细胞和T辅助细胞类型。
JAK1在所有组织中均有不同水平的表达。许多细胞因子受体通过以下组合的成对JAK激酶发出信号：JAK1/JAK2，JAK1/JAK3，JAK1/TYK2，JAK2TYK2或JAK2/JAK2。在这种情况下，JAK1是配对最广泛的JAK激酶，并且是γ-通用(IL-2Ry)细胞因子受体，IL-6受体家族，I，II和III受体家族以及IL-10受体家族发出信号所必需的。动物研究表明，JAK1是免疫系统发育，功能和体内平衡所必需的。通过抑制JAK1激酶活性来调节免疫活性可证明可用于 治疗各种免疫疾病。
综上所述，本领域仍然需要开发针对JAK家族蛋白激酶，特别是TYK2或JAK1蛋白激酶的抑制剂。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种针对JAK家族蛋白激酶抑制剂，特别是TYK2和/或JAK1蛋白激酶的抑制剂。
本发明的第一方面，提供了一种如下式I所示结构的化合物，其对映异构体，或其药学上可接受的盐：
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000001
其中：
X选自下组：N或CR，其中R选自下组：氢，氘，卤素，CN，羟基，CF 3，N(R o) 2，取代或未取代的C1-C4烷基，C1-C4烷氧基，取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基；
A选自下组：键，C＝O，-SO 2-，-(C＝O)NR o-；其中R o为H或C1-C4烷基；
R 1独立地选自：氢，氘，CN，N(R o) 2，取代或未取代的C1-C4烷基，取代或未取代的C1-C6烷氧基，取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基，取代或未取代的C3-C6杂环基，取代或未取代的芳基，取代或未取代的5-12元杂芳基，取代或未取代的芳基(C1-C6烷基)，取代或未取代的5-12元杂芳基(C1-C6烷基)和取代或未取代的杂环(C1-C6烷基)；其中，所述的“取代或未取代的芳基(C1-C6烷基)”指芳基部分和/或烷基部分的一个或多个氢原子被取代基替代，“取代或未取代的5-12元杂芳基(C1-C6烷基)”和“取代或未取代的杂环(C1-C6烷基)”有类似的定义；
R 2选自：氢，氘，C1-C4烷基，C3-C6环烷基，卤素和氰基，其中所述烷基或环烷基可以被一个或多个氟原子取代；
R 3选自：氢，氘和氨基；
R 4为
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000002
其中：
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000003
选自下组：取代或未取代的C6-C10单环或双环芳基，取代或未取代的5-12元单环或双环杂芳基；
Rc为选自下组的基团：卤素，CN，羟基，氨基，-COOH，-(CO)NR 7R 8，-(SO 2)NR 7R 8，-SO 2R 7，-NR 7COR 8，-NR 7SO 2R 8、-(CR 7R 8)-R 9，单取代或双取代的氨基，取代或未取代C1-C6烷基，取代或未取代C1-C6烷氧基，取代或未取代C3-C6环烷基，取代或未取代5-12元杂环基；
R 5选自：H，C1-C4烷基；
R 6选自：H，C1-C4烷基；
各个R 7、R 8和R 9分别独立的选自：氢，取代或未取代C1-C6烷基，取代或未取代C1-C6烷氧基，取代或未取代C3-C6环烷基，取代或未取代5-12元杂环基；或R 7和R 8和与其相连的原子形成相应的3-8元碳环或杂环；
n和q分别为0，1或2；
m分别为0，1，2，3或4；当m>1时，各Rc相互独立；
除非特别说明，所述的“取代”是指被选自下组的一个或多个(例如2个、3个、4个等)取代基所取代：卤素、C1-C6烷基、卤代的C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、卤代的C1-C6烷氧基、C3-C8环烷基、卤代的C3-C8环烷基、氧代、-CN、羟基、氨基、羧基、-COOH，-(CO)NH 2、或位于同一原子上的两个取代基与该原子共同形成C3-C6环烷基；以及未取代或被一个或多个选自下组的取代基取代的选自下组的基团：C6-C10芳基、卤代的C6-C10芳基、具有1-3个选自N、S和O的杂原子的5-10元杂芳基、卤代的具有1-3个选自N、S和O的杂原子的5-10元杂芳基、-(CO)NH(C1-C6烷基)或-(CO)N(C1-C6烷基) 2；所述的取代基选自下组：卤素、C1-C6烷氧基；
除非特别说明，所述的杂芳基或杂环基是指基团的环原子中包含1、2或3个选自N，O和S的杂原子。
在另一优选例中，X为N。
在另一优选例中，A选自下组：C＝O或-(C＝O)NR o-，其中R o为H或C1-C4烷基。
在另一优选例中，R 1独立地选自CN，N(R o) 2，取代或未取代的C1-C4烷 基，取代或未取代的C1-C6烷氧基，取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基，取代或未取代的C3-C6杂环基，取代或未取代的芳基，取代或未取代的5-12元杂芳基，取代或未取代的芳基(C1-C6烷基)，取代或未取代的5-12元杂芳基(C1-C6烷基)和取代或未取代的杂环(C1-C6烷基)。
在另一优选例中，R 2选自氢、卤素和氰基；
R 3为氢。
在另一优选例中，R 2为氢或F。
在另一优选例中，Rc为选自下组的基团：-(CO)NR 7R 8，-(SO 2)NR 7R 8，-SO 2R 7，-NR 7COR 8，-NR 7SO 2R 8、-(CR 7R 8)-R 9，单取代或双取代的氨基，取代或未取代C1-C6烷基，取代或未取代C1-C6烷氧基，取代或未取代C3-C6环烷基，取代或未取代5-12元杂环基。
在另一优选例中，所述的
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000004
选自下组：取代或未取代的苯基，或5-7元杂芳基。
在另一优选例中，所述的
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000005
为取代或未取代的选自下组的基团：
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000007
在另一优选例中，所述的Rc选自下组：C1-C6烷基、
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000009
在另一优选例中，所述的式I化合物选自下组：
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000010
本发明的第二方面，提供了一种药物组合物，其包含(1)本发明第一方面所述的化合物、或其立体异构体或互变异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂化物；和(2)药学上可接受的载体。
本发明的第三方面，提供了如本发明第一方面所述的化合物、或其立体异构体或互变异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂化物，或如本发明第二方面 所述的药物组合物的用途，其用于制备预防和/或治疗JAK激酶活性或表达量相关的疾病或病症的药物组合物。
在另一优选例中，所述的疾病或病症选自下组：炎症，自身免疫性疾病，神经炎症，关节炎，类风湿性关节炎，脊椎骨关节炎，系统性红斑狼疮，狼疮肾炎，痛风性关节炎，疼痛，发烧，肺结节病，矽肺，心血管疾病，动脉粥样硬化，结节性心肌炎，心肌炎和心脏再灌注损伤，心肌病，中风，缺血，再灌注损伤，脑水肿，脑外伤，神经退行性疾病，肝病，炎性肠病，克罗恩病，溃疡性结肠炎，肾炎，视网膜炎，视网膜病，黄斑变性，青光眼，糖尿病(1型)和2型)，糖尿病性神经病，病毒和细菌感染，肌痛，内毒素性休克，中毒性休克综合征，自身免疫性疾病，骨质疏松症，多发性硬化症，子宫内膜异位症，月经来潮，阴道炎，念珠菌病，癌症，纤维化，肥胖症，肌肉营养不良，多发性肌炎，皮肌炎，自身免疫性肝炎，原发性胆汁性肝硬化，原发性硬化性胆管炎，白癜风，脱发，阿尔茨海默氏病，皮肤潮红，湿疹，牛皮癣，特应性皮炎和晒伤。
应理解，在本发明范围内，本发明的上述各技术特征和在下文(如实施例)中具体描述的各技术特征之间都可以互相组合，从而构成新的或优选的技术方案。限于篇幅，在此不再一一累述。
具体实施方式
本发明人经过长期而深入的研究，意外地发现了一种如式I所示的化合物。所述的化合物对调节细胞因子和/或干扰素具有出乎意料的活性，可用于治疗由细胞因子和/或干扰素介导的疾病。基于上述发现，发明人完成了本发明。
定义
如本文所用，术语“烷基”包括直链或支链的烷基。例如C 1-C 8烷基表示具有1-8个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基，例如甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基等。
如本文所用，术语“烯基”包括直链或支链的烯基。例如C 2-C 6烯基指具有2-6个碳原子的直链或支链的烯基，例如乙烯基、烯丙基、1-丙烯基、异丙烯基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、或类似基团。
如本文所用，术语“炔基”包括直链或支链的炔基。例如C 2-C 6炔基是指具有2-6个碳原子的直链或支链的炔基，例如乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基、或类似基团。
如本文所用，术语“C 3-C 10环烷基”指具有3-10个碳原子的环烷基。其可以是单环，例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、或类似基团。也可以是双环形式，例如桥环或螺环形式。
如本文所用，术语“C 1-C 8烷胺基”是指被C 1-C 8烷基所取代的胺基，可以是单取代或双取代的；例如，甲胺基、乙胺基、丙胺基、异丙胺基、丁胺基、异丁胺基、叔丁胺基、二甲胺基、二乙胺基、二丙胺基、二异丙胺基、二丁胺基、二异丁胺基、二叔丁胺基等。
如本文所用，术语“C 1-C 8烷氧基”是指具有1-8个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基；例如，甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、丁氧基、异丁氧基、叔丁氧基等。
如本文所用，术语“具有1-3个选自下组N、S和O的杂原子的3-10元杂环烷基”是指具有3-10个原子的且其中1-3个原子为选自下组N、S和O的杂原子的饱和或部分饱和的环状基团。其可以是单环，也可以是双环形式，例如桥环或螺环形式。具体的实例可以为氧杂环丁烷、氮杂环丁烷、四氢-2H-吡喃基、哌啶基、四氢呋喃基、吗啉基和吡咯烷基等。
如本文所用，术语“C 6-C 10芳基”是指具有6-10个碳原子的芳基，例如，苯基或萘基等类似基团。
如本文所用，术语“5-12元杂芳基”指具有5-12个原子的且其中1-3个原子为选自下组N、S和O的杂原子的环状芳香基团。其可以是单环，也可以是稠环形式。具体的实例可以为吡啶基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、三嗪基、吡咯基、吡唑基、咪唑基、(1,2,3)-三唑基以及(1,2,4)-三唑基、四唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、异恶唑基、噻唑基、恶唑基等。
本发明所述的基团除非特别说明是“取代的或未取代的”，否则本发明的基团均可被选自下组的取代基所取代：卤素、腈基、硝基、羟基、氨基、C 1-C 6烷基-胺基、C 1-C 6烷基、C 2-C 6烯基、C 2-C 6炔基、C 1-C 6烷氧基、卤代C 1-C 6烷基、卤代C 2-C 6烯基、卤代C 2-C 6炔基、卤代C 1-C 6烷氧基、烯丙基、苄基、C 6-C 12芳基、C 1-C 6烷氧基-C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6烷氧基-羰基、苯氧羰基、C 2-C 6炔基-羰基、C 2-C 6烯基-羰基、C 3-C 6环烷基-羰基、C 1-C 6烷基-磺酰基等。
如本文所用，“卤素”或“卤原子”指F、Cl、Br、和I。更佳地，卤素或卤原子选自F、Cl和Br。“卤代的”是指被选自F、Cl、Br、和I的原子所取代。
除非特别说明，本发明所描述的结构式意在包括所有的同分异构形式(如对映异构，非对映异构和几何异构体(或构象异构体))：例如含有不对称中心的R、S构型， 双键的(Z)、(E)异构体等。因此，本发明化合物的单个立体化学异构体或其对映异构体、非对映异构体或几何异构体(或构象异构体)的混合物都属于本发明的范围。
如本文所用，术语“互变异构体”表示具有不同能量的结构同分异构体可以超过低能垒，从而互相转化。比如，质子互变异构体(即质子移变)包括通过质子迁移进行互变，如1H-吲唑与2H-吲唑。化合价互变异构体包括通过一些成键电子重组而进行互变。
如本文所用，术语“溶剂合物”是指本发明化合物与溶剂分子配位形成特定比例的配合物。
如本文所用，术语“水合物”是指本发明化合物与水进行配位形成的配合物。
本申请的化合物可以通过本领域技术人员所熟知的多种合成方法来制备，包括下面列举的具体实施方式、具体实施方式与其他化学合成方法的结合所形成的实施方式、以及本领域技术人员所熟知的等同替换方式，优选的实施方式包括但不限于本申请的实施例。
本申请所使用的溶剂可以经市售获得。本申请采用的缩略词如：aq代表水溶液；HATU代表O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N’,N’-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐；EDC代表N-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)-N’-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐；m-CPBA代表3-氯过氧苯甲酸；eq代表当量、等量；CDI代表羰基二咪唑；DCM代表二氯甲烷；PE代表石油醚；DIAD代表偶氮二羧酸二异丙酯；DMF代表N,N-二甲基甲酰胺；DMSO代表二甲亚砜；EtOAc代表乙酸乙酯；EtOH代表乙醇；MeOH代表甲醇；Cbz代表苄氧羰基，一种氨基保护基；Boc代表叔丁基氧羰基，一种氨基保护基；HOAc代表乙酸；NaCNBH 3代表氰基硼氢化钠；r.t.代表室温；THF代表四氢呋喃；TFA代表三氟乙酸；DIPEA代表二异丙基乙基胺；Boc 2O代表二-叔丁基二碳酸酯；LDA代表二异丙基氨基锂。
化合物经人工或者
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000011
软件命名，市售化合物采用供应商目录名称。
药物组合物和施用方法
由于本发明化合物具有优异的细胞因子和/或干扰素的抑制活性，因此本发明化合物及其各种晶型，药学上可接受的无机或有机盐，水合物或溶剂合物，以及含有本发明化合物为主要活性成分的药物组合物可用于预防和/或治疗(稳定、减轻或治愈)系统性红斑狼疮、炎性肠病、牛皮癣、风湿性关节炎、类风湿性关节炎等在内的多种自身免疫及炎症相关疾病。
本发明的药物组合物包含安全有效量范围内的本发明化合物及药学上可以接受的赋形剂或载体。其中“安全有效量”指的是：化合物的量足以明显改善病情，而不至于产生严重的副作用。通常，药物组合物含有1-2000mg本发明化合物/剂，更佳地，含有1-200mg本发明化合物/剂。较佳地，所述的“一剂”为一个胶囊或药片。
“药学上可接受的载体”指的是：一种或多种相容性固体或液体填料或凝胶物质，它们适合于人使用，而且必须有足够的纯度和足够低的毒性。“相容性”在此指的是组合物中各组份能和本发明化合物以及它们之间相互掺和，而不明显降低化合物的药效。药学上可以接受的载体部分例子有纤维素及其衍生物(如羧甲基纤维素钠、乙基纤维素钠、纤维素乙酸酯等)、明胶、滑石、固体润滑剂(如硬脂酸、硬脂酸镁)、硫酸钙、植物油(如豆油、芝麻油、花生油、橄榄油等)、多元醇(如丙二醇、甘油、甘露醇、山梨醇等)、乳化剂(如
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000012
)、润湿剂(如十二烷基硫酸钠)、着色剂、调味剂、稳定剂、抗氧化剂、防腐剂、无热原水等。
本发明化合物或药物组合物的施用方式没有特别限制，代表性的施用方式包括(但并不限于)：口服、肠胃外(静脉内、肌肉内或皮下)。
用于口服给药的固体剂型包括胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、散剂和颗粒剂。在这些固体剂型中，活性化合物与至少一种常规惰性赋形剂(或载体)混合，如柠檬酸钠或磷酸二钙，或与下述成分混合：(a)填料或增容剂，例如，淀粉、乳糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、甘露醇和硅酸；(b)粘合剂，例如，羟甲基纤维素、藻酸盐、明胶、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、蔗糖和阿拉伯胶；(c)保湿剂，例如，甘油；(d)崩解剂，例如，琼脂、碳酸钙、马铃薯淀粉或木薯淀粉、藻酸、某些复合硅酸盐、和碳酸钠；(e)缓溶剂，例如石蜡；(f)吸收加速剂，例如，季胺化合物；(g)润湿剂，例如鲸蜡醇和单硬脂酸甘油酯；(h)吸附剂，例如，高岭土；和(i)润滑剂，例如，滑石、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁、固体聚乙二醇、十二烷基硫酸钠，或其混合物。胶囊剂、片剂和丸剂中，剂型也可包含缓冲剂。
固体剂型如片剂、糖丸、胶囊剂、丸剂和颗粒剂可采用包衣和壳材制备，如肠衣和其它本领域公知的材料。它们可包含不透明剂，并且，这种组合物中活性化合物或化合物的释放可以延迟的方式在消化道内的某一部分中释放。可采用的包埋组分的实例是聚合物质和蜡类物质。必要时，活性化合物也可与上述赋形剂中的一种或多种形成微胶囊形式。
用于口服给药的液体剂型包括药学上可接受的乳液、溶液、悬浮液、糖浆或酊剂。除了活性化合物外，液体剂型可包含本领域中常规采用的惰性稀释剂，如水或其它溶剂，增溶剂和乳化剂，例知，乙醇、异丙醇、碳酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯、丙二 醇、1,3-丁二醇、二甲基甲酰胺以及油，特别是棉籽油、花生油、玉米胚油、橄榄油、蓖麻油和芝麻油或这些物质的混合物等。
除了这些惰性稀释剂外，组合物也可包含助剂，如润湿剂、乳化剂和悬浮剂、甜味剂、矫味剂和香料。
除了活性化合物外，悬浮液可包含悬浮剂，例如，乙氧基化异十八烷醇、聚氧乙烯山梨醇和脱水山梨醇酯、微晶纤维素、甲醇铝和琼脂或这些物质的混合物等。
用于肠胃外注射的组合物可包含生理上可接受的无菌含水或无水溶液、分散液、悬浮液或乳液，和用于重新溶解成无菌的可注射溶液或分散液的无菌粉末。适宜的含水和非水载体、稀释剂、溶剂或赋形剂包括水、乙醇、多元醇及其适宜的混合物。
本发明化合物可以单独给药，或者与其他药学上可接受的治疗剂联合给药。
联合给药时，所述药物组合物还包括与一种或多种(2种，3种，4种，或更多种)其他药学上可接受的治疗剂。该其他药学上可接受的治疗剂中的一种或多种(2种，3种，4种，或更多种)可与本发明的化合物同时、分开或顺序地用于预防和/或治疗细胞因子和/或干扰素介导的疾病。
使用药物组合物时，是将安全有效量的本发明化合物适用于需要治疗的哺乳动物(如人)，其中施用时剂量为药学上认为的有效给药剂量，对于60kg体重的人而言，日给药剂量通常为1～2000mg，优选1～500mg。当然，具体剂量还应考虑给药途径、病人健康状况等因素，这些都是熟练医师技能范围之内的。
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法，通常按照常规条件，或按行业已知的成熟技术。
实施例1
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000014
第一步
将1a(5.00g，34.00mmol)，氨基乙醛缩二甲醇(3.90g，37.00mmol)，三乙胺(6.80g，74.00mmol)溶于乙腈(70mL)中，室温搅拌16小时，减压浓缩得到残余物，残余物溶于乙酸乙酯(100mL)中，用水(100mL x 3)洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，减压浓缩得到残余物，残余物经石油醚：乙醚(40mL:10mL)打浆得到1a(6.00g)，收率：82％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+1] +218，实测值218。
第二步
将1b(4.00g，18.38mmol)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(40mL)中，在0℃下，向反应体系中加入60％氢化钠(885mg，22.13mmol)，搅拌10分钟后，向反应体系中加入环氧氯丙烷(1.90g，20.54mmol)，室温反应3小时，加入水(200mL)淬灭，然后乙酸乙酯(400mL x 1)萃取，有机相用水(200mL x 3)洗涤，有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥，减压浓缩，得到粗品1c(5.00g)。
MS-ESI计算值[M+1] +274，实测值274。
第三步
将三苯基甲硫醇(5.00g，18mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(40mL)中，在0℃下，向反应体系中加入氢化钠(60％，800mg，20.00mmol)并搅拌10分钟后，然后加入粗品1c(5.00g，18.38mmol)，反应体系维持0℃继续反应20分 钟。反应结束后加入水(200mL)淬灭和乙酸乙酯(400mL)，分液，有机相用水(200mL x 3)洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，减压浓缩得到残余物，残余物经反相柱层析(乙腈：水＝0-100％)纯化得1d(3.00g)，两步收率：30％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+1] +550，实测值550。
第四步
将1d(3.00g，5.50mmol)，三苯基磷(2.10g，8.20mmol)，叠氮磷酸二苯酯(2.20g，8.20mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(40mL)中，在0℃下向反应体系中滴加偶氮二甲酸二异丙酯(1.70g，5.50mmol)，滴加完毕后在室温下搅拌2小时。反应体系加水(100mL)淬灭后，用乙酸乙酯(200mL x 1)萃取，有机相用水(100mL x 2)洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，减压浓缩得到残余物，残余物经反相柱层析(乙腈：水＝0-100％)纯化得到1e(1.80g)，收率：58％。
第五步
将1e(1.80g,3.10mmol)，1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-胺(456mg，4.70mmol)溶于正丁醇(20mL)中，反应在120℃下搅拌2小时。减压浓缩除去大部分溶剂正丁醇，残余物经反相柱层析(乙腈：水＝0-100％)纯化得到1f(1.00g)，收率：50％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+1] +636，实测值636。
第六步
将1f(450mg，0.70mmol)，三苯基磷(204mg，0.78mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(8mL)和水(2mL)混合溶剂中，反应升温至60℃后，继续反应2小时，降至室温后得到1g反应液(10mL)，直接用于下一步。
MS-ESI计算值[M+1] +610，实测值610。
第七步
向1g反应液(10mL，0.70mmol)中加入三氟乙酸(10mL)，反应液升温至60℃下搅拌2小时。减压浓缩得到残余物，残余物经反相柱层析(乙腈：水＝0-100％)纯化得到1h(150mg)，两步收率：55％。
第八步
将1h(150mg，0.50mmol)，(S)-2,2-二氟环丙烷羧酸(72mg，0.60mmol)，2-(7-氮杂苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(285mg，0.75mmol)，三乙胺(101mg，1mmol)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(3mL)中，反应室温搅拌30分钟。反应体系加水(30mL)淬灭反应，然后用乙酸乙酯(50mL x 1)萃取，有机相用水(20mL x 2)洗涤，减压浓缩得到残余物，残余物经高效液相色谱纯化得到1(18mg)，收率：10％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+1] +408，实测值408。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ8.90(brs,1H),7.93(t,J＝6.0Hz,1H),7.74(brs,1H),7.43(s,1H),6.15-5.97(m,2H),5.21-5.11(m,1H),4.42-4.22(m,2H),3.79(s,3H),3.35-3.16(m,3H),3.06-2.87(m,2H),2.01-1.98(m,2H).
实施例2
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000015
第一步
在氮气保护下，将化合物2a(6.00g，53.10mmol)溶解在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(50mL)中，在冰浴下分批加入60％的氢化钠(2.50g，63.72mmol)，反应30分钟后加入溴乙酸甲酯(6.00mL，63.72mmol)，在冰浴下继续反应2小时。冰浴下，反应体系加水(200mL)淬灭，乙酸乙酯(200mL x 2)萃取，有机相依次经饱和食盐水(200mL x 1)，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，减压浓缩得到残余物，残余物经柱层析(乙酸乙酯：石油醚＝0-100％)纯化得到化合物2b(8.80g)，产率：89％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+H] +186，实测值186。
第二步
将2b(8.80g，45.57mmol)溶解于甲醇(80mL)中，加入10％湿钯碳(800mg)，置换氢气(15psi)，室温反应过夜。反应液经硅藻土过滤，滤液减压浓缩得到2c(6.20g)，收率：84％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+H] +156，实测值156。
第三步
在氮气保护下，将化合物2d(50.00g，0.11mol)、N,O-二甲基羟胺盐酸盐(12.60g，0.13mol)和三乙胺(32.70g，0.13mol)溶于二氯甲烷(500mL)中，加入1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐(24.80g，0.13mol)和1-羟基苯并三唑(17.50g，0.13mol)，反应液在室温下反应过夜。反应液中加入水(400mL)稀释，二氯甲烷(200mL x 2)萃取，有机相依次用饱和食盐水(300mL x 1)洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，减压浓缩得到残余物，残余物经柱层析(乙酸乙酯：石油醚＝0-100％)纯化得到化合物2e(52.10g)，收率：95％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+H] +507，实测值507。
第四步
在氮气保护下，将化合物2e(20.00g，39.53mmol)溶解在超干四氢呋喃(200mL)中，冷却至-78℃分批加入氢化铝锂(1.80g,47.43mmol)，继续反应2小时。维持-78℃加入0.5M稀盐酸(50mL)淬灭反应，乙酸乙酯(100mL  x 2)萃取，有机相经饱和食盐水(100mL x 1)洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，减压浓缩得到粗品2f(19.50g)。
第五步
在氮气保护下，将粗品2f(19.50g，39.53mmol)和2,2-二甲氧基乙胺(13.7g，130.58mmol)溶解在无水甲醇(200mL)中，反应30分钟后冷却至0℃，分批加入氰基硼氢化钠(3.20g，47.44mmol)，自然恢复至室温反应过夜。反应液减压浓缩得到残余物，残余物经柱层析(乙酸乙酯：石油醚＝0-100％)纯化得到化合物2g(9.20g)，收率：43％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+H] +537，实测值537。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ7.41-7.39(m,6H),7.30-7.26(m,6H),7.22-7.18(m,3H),4.74-4.66(brs,1H),4.36(t,J＝5.6Hz，1H),3.67-3.62(m,1H),3.34(s,6H),2.67-2.61(m,3H),2.55-2.41(m,1H),2.24-2.04(m,2H),1.42(s,9H).
第六步
将2g(9.20g，16.17mmol)，三乙胺(4.80mL，34.32mmol)和2,4-二氯嘧啶(3.10g，20.60mmol)溶解在乙醇(100mL)中，升温至70℃反应过夜。反应自然冷却至室温，减压浓缩得到残余物，残余物经柱层析(乙酸乙酯：石油醚＝0-100％)纯化得到化合物2h(7.10g)，收率：64％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+H] +649，实测值649。
第七步
将2h(3.00g，4.63mmol)和1c(861mg，5.56mmol)溶解在异丙醇(20mL)中，升温至130℃反应1小时。反应液冷却至室温，减压浓缩得到残余物，残余物经反相柱层析(乙腈：水＝0-100％)纯化得到化合物2i(3.10g)，收率：86％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+1] +768，实测值768。
第八步
将化合物2i(3.10g，4.04mmol)溶解在三氟乙酸(30mL)和水(10mL)混合溶剂中，升温至60℃反应1小时。反应液冷却至室温，减压浓缩得到残余物，残余物经反相柱层析(乙腈：水＝0-100％)纯化得到2j(1.30g)， 收率：86％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+1] +362，实测值362。
第九步
将化合物2j(400mg，1.11mmol)，(S)-2,2-二氟环丙烷羧酸(162mg，1.33mmol)和三乙胺(448mg，4.44mmol)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(3mL)中，向反应体系中加入2-(7-氮杂苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(634mg，1.67mmol)，室温反应30分钟。反应液减压浓缩得到残余物，残余物经制备HPLC纯化得到化合物2k(18mg)，收率：43％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+1] +466，实测值466。
第十步
在氮气保护下，将2k(570mg，1.23mmol)溶解在四氢呋喃(2mL)和乙醇(5mL)混合溶剂中，降温至0℃下，逐滴加入2M硼氢化锂四氢呋喃溶液(3.10mL，6.13mmol)，自然升至室温反应2小时。反应使用饱和氯化铵(1mL)淬灭，减压浓缩，残余物依次经反相柱层析(乙腈：水＝0-100％)和制备HPLC纯化得到化合物2(80mg)，收率：15％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+1] +438，实测值438。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ8.90(s,1H),8.14(s,1H),7.94(d,J＝6.0Hz,1H),7.81(s,1H),7.45(s,1H),6.15-5.93(m,2H),5.21-5.09(m,1H),4.89-4.77(m,1H),4.46-4.22(m,1H),4.08(t,J＝5.2Hz,2H),3.70(t,J＝5.2Hz,2H),3.19-3.16(m,2H),3.02-2.85(m,3H),2.02-1.98(m,2H).
实施例3
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000017
第一步
在氮气保护、冰浴下将60％的氢化钠(142mg，3.54mmol)加入到2a(200mg，1.77mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(3mL)溶液中，反应30分钟后，向体系中加入3a(460mg，1.77mmol)，在室温条件下反应过夜，反应液直接经反相柱层析(乙腈：水＝0-100％)纯化得到化合物3b(240mg)，收率：64％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+H] +212，实测值212。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ8.28(s,1H),8.08(s,1H),3.73(s,3H),1.93-1.90(m,2H),1.73-1.70(m,2H).
第二步
在氮气保护下，将10％湿钯碳(10mg)加入到3b(130mg，0.62mmol)的甲醇(3mL)溶液中，反应体系在室温条件下反应3小时后，体系经硅藻土过滤，减压浓缩得到粗品3c(110mg)。
MS-ESI计算值[M+H] +182，实测值182。
第三步
将2h(3.00g，4.63mmol)和3c(1.01g，5.56mmol)溶解在异丙醇(20mL)中，升温至130℃反应1小时。反应液直接减压浓缩，残余物经反相柱层析(乙腈：水＝0-100％)纯化得到3d(3.30g)，收率：82％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+1] +694，实测值694。
第四步
将化合物3d(3.30g，3.98mmol)溶解在三氟乙酸(30mL)和水(10mL)的混合体系中，升温至60℃反应1小时。反应液减压浓缩得到残余物，残余物经反相柱层析(乙腈：水＝0-100％)纯化得到3e(1.10g)，收率：72％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+1] +387，实测值387。
第五步
将3e(60mg，0.15mmol)，(S)-2,2-二氟环丙烷羧酸(18mg，0.15mmol)和三乙胺(45mg，0.15mmol)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(3mL)中，加入2-(7-氮杂苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(87mg，0.23mmol)，室温反应30分钟。反应液直接经制备HPLC纯化得到化合物3f(15mg)，收率：20％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+1] +491，实测值491。
第六步
在氮气保护下，将3f(15mg，0.03mmol)溶解在甲醇(1mL)中，在0℃加入硼氢化钠(3mg，0.09mmol)和氯化锂(4mg，0.09mmol)，室温反应2小时。反应液用饱和氯化铵溶液(1mL)淬灭，减压浓缩得到残余物，残余物依次经反相柱层析和制备HPLC纯化得到化合物3(2mg)，收率：12％。
MS-ESI计算值[M+1] +463，实测值463。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ7.92(d,J＝8.0Hz,1H),7.73(s,1H),7.62(s,1H),6.03(brs,1H),5.96(d,J＝8.0Hz,1H),5.56-5.51(m,1H),5.38-5.26(m,1H),4.86-4.76(m,1H),3.77(s,2H),3.41-3.31(m,1H),3.18-2.94(m,2H),2.68-2.15(m,4H),1.96-1.76(m,2H),1.32-1.25(m,2H),1.15-1.08(m,2H).
生物活性测试
激酶实验方法
采用Caliper mobility shift assay试验方法检测化合物对JAK1、JAK2、JAK3或TYK2激酶的体外抑制作用。将待测化合物用DMSO溶解，配制成10mM的储存液。采用DMSO将化合物储存液进行梯度稀释，配制成50×工作液(共10 个浓度)，并将各浓度工作液转移至
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000018
母板中。采用
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000019
非接触式纳升级声波移液系统从母板向384孔反应板中转移5μL相应浓度的化合物溶液或DMSO。而后向384孔反应板内加入10μL 2.5×激酶溶液，室温孵育10分钟后，加入10μL 2.5×FAM标记多肽及ATP混合溶液(ATP终浓度为1mM)，28℃下孵育特定时间后加入30μL终止液，在Caliper上检测，计算conversion值，即产物峰的高度比上底物峰和产物峰高度之和。采用以下公式计算化合物对激酶的抑制百分数，并采用XLFit 5.4.0.8拟合IC 50值。
抑制百分数＝(max-conversion)/(max-min)×100，其中“max”代表DMSO对照的conversion读数，“min”代表低值对照的conversion读数。具体测试结果如表-1所示。
表-1 发明化合物对JAK家族激酶测试结果
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000020
N/T：暂无数据
注：活性数据均为在1mM ATP浓度下获得。
细胞实验方法
在鼠原B淋巴细胞BaF3中，利用基因工程技术转入重组基因(包含TEL及人JAK1、TYK2、JAK2、JAK3激酶结构域)，其中TEL可促使TEL-JAK1或TEL-TYK2激酶二聚体磷酸化并持续激活，使细胞依赖该重组激酶的活性生长。如果化合物具有JAK1或TYK2激酶抑制活性，则能通过抑制激酶活性导致细胞死亡。采用CellTiter-Glo方法检测实施例对体外培养的基因工程细胞系Ba/F3-TEL-JAK1、Ba/F3-TEL-TYK2、Ba/F3-TEL-JAK2、Ba/F3-TEL-JAK3细胞增殖的抑制活性，采用Graphpad 7.0拟合曲线并计算IC 50值。
表-2 发明化合物对鼠原B淋巴细胞BaF3细胞增殖的抑制活性
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000021
Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-000022
在本发明提及的所有文献都在本申请中引用作为参考，就如同每一篇文献被单独引用作为参考那样。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明的上述讲授内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种如下式I所示结构的化合物，其对映异构体，或其药学上可接受的盐：
    Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-100001
    其中：
    X选自下组：N或CR，其中R选自下组：氢，氘，卤素，CN，羟基，CF 3，N(R o) 2，取代或未取代的C1-C4烷基，C1-C4烷氧基，取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基；
    A选自下组：键，C＝O，-SO 2-，-(C＝O)NR o-；其中R o为H或C1-C4烷基；
    R 1独立地选自：氢，氘，CN，N(R o) 2，取代或未取代的C1-C4烷基，取代或未取代的C1-C6烷氧基，取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基，取代或未取代的C3-C6杂环基，取代或未取代的芳基，取代或未取代的5-12元杂芳基，取代或未取代的芳基(C1-C6烷基)，取代或未取代的5-12元杂芳基(C1-C6烷基)和取代或未取代的杂环(C1-C6烷基)；
    R 2选自：氢，氘，C1-C4烷基，C3-C6环烷基，卤素和氰基，其中所述烷基或环烷基可以被一个或多个氟原子取代；
    R 3选自：氢，氘和氨基；
    R 4为
    Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-100002
    其中：
    Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-100003
    选自下组：取代或未取代的C6-C10单环或双环芳基，取代或未取代的5-12元单环或双环杂芳基；
    Rc为选自下组的基团：卤素，CN，羟基，氨基，-COOH，-(CO)NR 7R 8，- (SO 2)NR 7R 8，-SO 2R 7，-NR 7COR 8，-NR 7SO 2R 8、-(CR 7R 8)-R 9，单取代或双取代的氨基，取代或未取代C1-C6烷基，取代或未取代C1-C6烷氧基，取代或未取代C3-C6环烷基，取代或未取代5-12元杂环基；
    R 5选自：H，C1-C4烷基；
    R 6选自：H，C1-C4烷基；
    各个R 7、R 8和R 9分别独立的选自：氢，取代或未取代C1-C6烷基，取代或未取代C1-C6烷氧基，取代或未取代C3-C6环烷基，取代或未取代5-12元杂环基；或R 7和R 8和与其相连的原子形成相应的3-8元碳环或杂环；
    n和q分别为0，1或2；
    m分别为0，1，2，3或4；当m>1时，各Rc相互独立；
    除非特别说明，所述的“取代”是指被选自下组的一个或多个(例如2个、3个、4个等)取代基所取代：卤素、C1-C6烷基、卤代的C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、卤代的C1-C6烷氧基、C3-C8环烷基、卤代的C3-C8环烷基、氧代、-CN、羟基、氨基、羧基、-COOH，-(CO)NH 2、或位于同一原子上的两个取代基与该原子共同形成C3-C6环烷基；以及未取代或被一个或多个选自下组的取代基取代的选自下组的基团：C6-C10芳基、卤代的C6-C10芳基、具有1-3个选自N、S和O的杂原子的5-10元杂芳基、卤代的具有1-3个选自N、S和O的杂原子的5-10元杂芳基、-(CO)NH(C1-C6烷基)或-(CO)N(C1-C6烷基) 2；所述的取代基选自下组：卤素、C1-C6烷氧基；
    除非特别说明，所述的杂芳基或杂环基是指基团的环原子中包含1、2或3个选自N，O和S的杂原子。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的化合物，其特征在于，X为N。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的化合物，其特征在于，A选自下组：C＝O或-(C＝O)NR o-，其中R o为H或C1-C4烷基。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的化合物，其特征在于，R 1独立地选自CN，N(R o) 2，取代或未取代的C1-C4烷基，取代或未取代的C1-C6烷氧基，取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基，取代或未取代的C3-C6杂环基，取代或未取代的芳基，取代或未取代的5-12元杂芳基，取代或未取代的芳基(C1-C6烷基)，取代或未取代的5-12元杂芳基(C1-C6烷基)和取代或未取代的杂环(C1-C6烷基)。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的化合物，其特征在于，R 2选自氢、卤素和氰基；
    R 3为氢。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的化合物，其特征在于，Rc为选自下组的基团：- (CO)NR 7R 8，-(SO 2)NR 7R 8，-SO 2R 7，-NR 7COR 8，-NR 7SO 2R 8、-(CR 7R 8)-R 9，单取代或双取代的氨基，取代或未取代C1-C6烷基，取代或未取代C1-C6烷氧基，取代或未取代C3-C6环烷基，取代或未取代5-12元杂环基。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的化合物，其特征在于，所述的式I化合物选自下组：
    Figure PCTCN2021080080-appb-100004
  8. 一种药物组合物，其包含(1)权利要求1-7任一所述的化合物、或其立体异构体或互变异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂化物；和(2)药学上可接受的载体。
  9. 如权利要求1-7任一所述的化合物、或其立体异构体或互变异构体、或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂化物，或如权利要求8所述的药物组合物的用途，其特征在于，用于制备预防和/或治疗JAK激酶活性或表达量相关的疾病或病症的药物组合物。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的用途，其特征在于，所述的疾病或病症选自下组：炎症，自身免疫性疾病，神经炎症，关节炎，类风湿性关节炎，脊椎骨关节炎，系统性红斑狼疮，狼疮肾炎，痛风性关节炎，疼痛，发烧，肺结节病，矽肺，心血管疾病，动脉粥样硬化，结节性心肌炎，心肌炎和心脏再灌注损伤，心肌病，中风，缺血，再灌注损伤，脑水肿，脑外伤，神经退行性疾病，肝病，炎性肠病，克罗恩病，溃疡性结肠炎，肾炎，视网膜炎，视网膜病，黄斑变性，青光眼，糖尿病(1型)和2型)，糖尿病性神经病，病毒和细菌感染，肌痛，内毒素性休克，中毒性休克综合征，自身免疫性疾病，骨质疏松症，多发性硬化症，子宫内膜异位症，月经来潮，阴道炎，念珠菌病，癌症，纤维化，肥胖症，肌肉营养不良，多发性肌炎，皮肌炎，自身免疫性肝炎，原发性胆汁性肝硬化，原发性硬化性胆管炎，白癜风，脱发，阿尔茨海默氏病，皮肤潮红，湿疹，牛皮癣，特应性皮炎和晒伤。
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