WO2021177857A1 - Procede d'optimisation du processus de combustion de combustible hydrocarbure dans une chaudiere - Google Patents

Procede d'optimisation du processus de combustion de combustible hydrocarbure dans une chaudiere Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021177857A1
WO2021177857A1 PCT/RU2021/000081 RU2021000081W WO2021177857A1 WO 2021177857 A1 WO2021177857 A1 WO 2021177857A1 RU 2021000081 W RU2021000081 W RU 2021000081W WO 2021177857 A1 WO2021177857 A1 WO 2021177857A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
boiler
heat
heat flux
air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2021/000081
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Виктор Петрович ХВОСТЕНКО
Станислав Алексеевич АНТОНОВ
Дамир Маркович ПОДОСЕНОВ
Зуфар Зартдинович АЛИМОВ
Original Assignee
Виктор Петрович ХВОСТЕНКО
Станислав Алексеевич АНТОНОВ
Дамир Маркович ПОДОСЕНОВ
Зуфар Зартдинович АЛИМОВ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Виктор Петрович ХВОСТЕНКО, Станислав Алексеевич АНТОНОВ, Дамир Маркович ПОДОСЕНОВ, Зуфар Зартдинович АЛИМОВ filed Critical Виктор Петрович ХВОСТЕНКО
Priority to EP21765074.6A priority Critical patent/EP4116625A4/fr
Publication of WO2021177857A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021177857A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/022—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/08—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water
    • F23N1/082—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/002—Regulating air supply or draught using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
    • F23N2005/181—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/18—Measuring temperature feedwater temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/19—Measuring temperature outlet temperature water heat-exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
    • F23N5/184—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel using electronic means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods of combustion of hydrocarbon fuel of variable composition in heat power engineering, industrial heat power engineering, industries, housing and communal services. Designed primarily for the combustion of pipeline gas, mixtures of hydrocarbons of undetermined composition, such as associated gas, oil and gas processing waste.
  • the disadvantage of this technical solution is that the values of the coolant temperature at the outlet of the heat exchanger of the fuel-burning device as a parameter that determines the fuel consumption do not reflect and are not an indicator of the required amount (spent) fuel, since the readings of only the coolant temperature without measuring its amount do not reflect the completeness fuel combustion and, as a result, do not affect the minimization of fuel consumption.
  • the indicator of the optimality of the combustion process is the boiler efficiency, which is determined by the measured values of the heat flux coming from the furnace to the boiler circulation circuit and the heat flux introduced by the fuel into the furnace.
  • the disadvantage of this technical solution is that the correlation measurement of the time shift of the specified heat fluxes and the synchronized ratio of the specified heat fluxes do not reflect the completeness of fuel combustion and, as a consequence, do not affect the minimization of fuel consumption.
  • the disadvantage of this method is the need for a large number of interrelated actions, the laboriousness and inertia of the process, while adjustment is possible only in cases where both the composition and the specific heat of combustion of the gas are predetermined and known.
  • the objective of the present invention is to develop a method for optimizing the combustion process of hydrocarbon fuel.
  • the technical result is to optimize the combustion process of hydrocarbon fuel in the boiler by achieving the minimum fuel consumption for the generation of heat energy communicated (transmitted) to the coolant, and, accordingly, ensuring the maximum possible completeness of fuel combustion.
  • the method for optimizing the combustion of hydrocarbon fuel in the boiler includes continuous measurement of fuel consumption in the boiler and the amount of heat flow in the coolant at the outlet of the boiler, determination of deviations of the measured values from the initially measured values and the subsequent change in air consumption depending on the increase or a decrease in the heat flux, while, on the basis of the measured values, the specific fuel consumption for the generation of 1 Gcal of heat is determined, calculating the ratio of the amount of fuel consumption by the value of the heat flux in coolant at the outlet of the boiler, while at the beginning of the optimization of the fuel combustion process, a one-time discrete increase in air flow is performed to determine the tendency of the heat flow value in the coolant to increase or decrease, while in order to obtain the optimal fuel-air ratio, with an increase in the heat flow value continue to increase the air until the beginning of the decrease in the heat flux, with a decrease in the magnitude of the heat flux, decrease the air until the beginning of the decrease in the heat flux.
  • FIG. 1 - A schematic block diagram of a method for optimizing the combustion of hydrocarbon fuel in a boiler.
  • FIG. 2 Diagram of a method for optimizing the combustion of hydrocarbon fuel with a decrease in the specific consumption of hydrocarbon fuel for the production of 1 Gcal of heat.
  • FIG. 3 Diagram of a method for optimizing the combustion process of hydrocarbon fuel with an increase in the specific consumption of hydrocarbon fuel for the production of 1 Gcal of heat.
  • FIG. 4 - A schematic block diagram of a method for optimizing the combustion of hydrocarbon fuel in a boiler, implemented in industry in the Kichui boiler house.
  • the inventive method is carried out as follows.
  • associated petroleum gas of variable composition can be used as fuel, and atmospheric air can be used as an oxidizing agent.
  • the boiler 1 is brought to the power specified by the consumer in accordance with the regime map of the boiler.
  • the air flow controller 4 After the combustion process has started and the required amount of heat is supplied to the consumer, with a constant initially set fuel supply, at the command of the computer 9, the air flow controller 4 produces a one-time discrete increase in the air flow.
  • the heat meter 8 determines the deviation of the heat flux reported to the coolant from the initially specified values.
  • the primary one-time discrete increase in the air flow rate makes it possible to assess the tendency for the heat flow value to change relative to the initially set value, i.e. allows you to determine the point from which the regulation process begins (Point 1 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3).
  • computer 9 issues a command to the air flow controller 4 to increase the air flow rate step by step (Point 2 in Fig. 2), and each time after another increase in the air flow rate , the computer 9 calculates the specific fuel consumption and compares its change with the previous value.
  • the computer 9 sends a command to the air flow controller 4 to stop the increase in the air flow and then the command to decrease the amount of supplied air. In this case, the computer 9 each time calculates the specific fuel consumption and compares its change with the previous value.
  • the computer issues the air flow regulator 4 (point 3 in Fig. 3) a command to stop the decrease in the amount of air and increase the air by one step, that is, to return to the point of optimal fuel-air ratio (point 4 in Fig. 3).
  • the fuel supply control device 2 first reduces the fuel consumption to the value of the heat required by the consumer. flow in the coolant, after which the air flow regulator 4 reduces the air flow until the start of the decrease in the heat flow.
  • the fuel supply control device 2 first increases the fuel consumption to generate the heat flow value required by the consumer in the coolant, after which the air flow controller 4 increases the air flow rate until the increase in the heat flow value stops.
  • the air supply is adjusted without measuring its amount, i.e. without measuring the absolute value of the air flow.
  • boiler 1 After reaching the optimal fuel combustion mode, boiler 1 continues to operate at the set amount of supplied fuel and air until the next change in the specific fuel consumption occurs, indicating that there have been changes in external conditions.
  • boiler 1 (Fig. 4) is fired up and brought to the required mode according to the boiler mode map, in which the ratio of fuel and air is prescribed in various modes of boiler operation.
  • the heat meter 8 (KrokhneUNU 310), using sensors 5, 6 and 7, installed to measure the temperature values of the coolant at the inlet of the boiler 1, at the outlet of the boiler 1 and determine the mass of the passing coolant, respectively, determines the current value of the heat flux reported to the coolant. This amount of heat flux is transferred to the computer 9.
  • Computer 9 sends an appropriate command to the air flow regulator 4 based on the calculation of the specific consumption of hydrocarbon fuel for the production of a unit of heat (1 Gcal) reported to the coolant and comparing this value with the previous calculation (every 3 seconds). Thus, the optimum fuel-air ratio is determined.
  • the fuel supply regulator 2 first reduces the fuel consumption to the value of the heat flux in the coolant required by the consumer, after which the air flow controller 4 reduces the air consumption until the start of the decrease the magnitude of the heat flux.
  • the fuel supply control device 2 first increases the fuel consumption to generate the heat flow value required by the consumer in the coolant, after which the air flow controller 4 increases the air flow rate until the increase in the heat flow value stops.
  • the air supply is adjusted without measuring its amount, i.e. without measuring the absolute value of the air flow.
  • the value of the fuel consumption is measured by the fuel consumption meter 3 (gas meter SG-800) and entered into the computer memory 9.
  • a significant reduction in the number of operations reduces the labor intensity of optimization, simplifies the optimization process, increases the efficiency of fuel use (minimizes fuel consumption), and expands the field of application of fuel combustion devices for thermal utilization of industrial waste.
  • the process of optimizing fuel combustion is carried out continuously throughout the entire operation of the boiler.
  • the inventive method ensures the operation of the boiler in the optimal mode with minimal environmental damage, since there is complete combustion of the fuel.
  • the claimed technical solution is feasible when operating fuel-burning devices using gaseous, liquid and solid fuels.
  • the method is feasible using publicly available measurement and automation tools, personal computers.
  • a significant difference of the proposed technical solution from the known ones is that the indicators of optimization of the combustion process are not the efficiency of the boiler and not the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the boiler, but the ratio of the amount of fuel consumption to the amount of heat flow in the coolant at the outlet of the boiler, that is, the specific fuel consumption per generation of 1 Gcal of heat.
  • the method proposed for patenting is simple and reliable to use, adapts to any existing systems, is based on simple and reliable devices of domestic production, is not affected by the state of boilers, the state of air ducts, the state of chimneys and burners, allows you to regulate the combustion of each burner in multi-burner boilers ... Moreover, in automatic mode, it provides the values of the heat flux of the heat carrier (steam or hot water) specified by the consumer.

Abstract

L'invention concerne des procédés de combustion de carburant hydrocarboné de composition variable. Le procédé d'optimisation du processus de combustion de combustible hydrocarboné dans une chaudière consiste à mesurer en continu la consommation de combustible dans la chaudière et la quantité de flux de chaleur dans le caloporteur à la sortie de la chaudière, à déterminer les écarts des valeurs mesurées par rapport aux valeurs initiales et la variation subséquente du débit d'air, à déterminer la consommation spécifique de combustible nécessaire pour générer 1 Gcal de chaleur, une augmentation discrète unique de la consommation d'air étant effectuée au début de l'optimisation du processus de combustion du combustible ; lors d'une augmentation de la valeur du flux de chaleur, on continue d'augmenter le débit d'air jusqu'à ce que le flux de chaleur se mette à diminuer, et lors d'une diminution de la valeur du flux de chaleur, on réduit le débit l'air jusqu'à ce que le flux de chaleur commence à diminuer. On parvient à assurer une optimisation du processus de combustion du combustible hydrocarbure dans la chaudière grâce à la minimisation de la consommation de combustible pour la génération d'énergie thermique fournie au caloporteur.
PCT/RU2021/000081 2020-03-05 2021-02-25 Procede d'optimisation du processus de combustion de combustible hydrocarbure dans une chaudiere WO2021177857A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21765074.6A EP4116625A4 (fr) 2020-03-05 2021-02-25 Procede d'optimisation du processus de combustion de combustible hydrocarbure dans une chaudiere

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2020109758A RU2737572C1 (ru) 2020-03-05 2020-03-05 Способ оптимизации процесса горения углеводородного топлива в котле
RU2020109758 2020-03-05

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WO2021177857A1 true WO2021177857A1 (fr) 2021-09-10

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EP (1) EP4116625A4 (fr)
RU (1) RU2737572C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021177857A1 (fr)

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RU2752216C1 (ru) * 2021-02-07 2021-07-23 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Северо-Кавказский горно-металлургический институт (государственный технологический университет) Способ оптимизации процесса факельного сжигания топлива

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See also references of EP4116625A4

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Publication number Publication date
EP4116625A4 (fr) 2023-11-29
EP4116625A1 (fr) 2023-01-11
RU2737572C1 (ru) 2020-12-01

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