EP4116625A1 - Procede d'optimisation du processus de combustion de combustible hydrocarbure dans une chaudiere - Google Patents

Procede d'optimisation du processus de combustion de combustible hydrocarbure dans une chaudiere Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4116625A1
EP4116625A1 EP21765074.6A EP21765074A EP4116625A1 EP 4116625 A1 EP4116625 A1 EP 4116625A1 EP 21765074 A EP21765074 A EP 21765074A EP 4116625 A1 EP4116625 A1 EP 4116625A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat transfer
heat
magnitude
boiler
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21765074.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4116625A4 (fr
Inventor
Viktor Petrovich KHVOSTENKO
Stanislav Aleksevich ANTONOV
Damir Markovich PODOSENOV
Zufar Zartdinovich ALIMOV
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP4116625A1 publication Critical patent/EP4116625A1/fr
Publication of EP4116625A4 publication Critical patent/EP4116625A4/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/022—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/08—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water
    • F23N1/082—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/002—Regulating air supply or draught using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
    • F23N2005/181—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/18—Measuring temperature feedwater temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/19—Measuring temperature outlet temperature water heat-exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
    • F23N5/184—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel using electronic means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the methods for burning of hydrocarbon fuel having variable composition in heat power engineering, industrial heat-and-power engineering, industrial sectors, and housing and communal services.
  • the invention is to be preferably used for burning the piped gas, hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition such as associated gas, and oil and gas production wastes.
  • RU Patent No. 2647940, IPC F23C 1/02, F23C 1/08, published on 21.03.2018 provides a method for automatic optimization of the burning process in a boiler, which is based on the continuous measuring the fuel consumption and the heat-carrier temperature at the heat-exchanger outlet of a fuel-burning apparatus; said method comprising one-time reduction of the fuel rate to ensure the feasibility of establishing specifically the tendency of the specific fuel combustion heat value otherwise unknown because of the arbitrary variable composition of the fuel used; further comprising the rate of heat exchanger outlet temperature change being synchronized with the change rate of the fuel rate, further comprising making simultaneous and/or non-simultaneous interconnected discrete changes in fuel consumption and air supply to the fuel-burning device according to one of the optimizing action algorithms implemented by a computer according to a predetermined program, making it possible to simplify the method for optimizing the fuel combustion process and increasing the accuracy of optimal parameters.
  • the disadvantage of the above technical solution is that the values of the heat-carrier temperature values at the outlet of the heat exchanger of the fuel-burning apparatus, as a parameter determining fuel consumption, do not reflect and are not an indicator of the required amount (consumed) of fuel, since the readings of only the heat-carrier temperature without measuring the amount thereof do not reflect the completeness of fuel combustion and, as a result, do not contribute to the minimization of fuel consumption.
  • a method for automatic optimization of hydrocarbon fuel combustion in the furnace of a drum steam boiler ( RU patent No. 2425290, IPC F23N 1/02, published on 27.07.2011 ) was chosen as the closest analogue, said method comprising continuous measurement of parameters characterizing fuel consumption and the magnitude of heat transfer in the heat-carrier at the boiler outlet, and calculation of heat transfer introduced into the boiler furnace, determination of the deviations of the measured parameters from the optimal calculated values and the subsequent change in the air flow rate.
  • the indicator of the optimality of the combustion process in the above method is the boiler efficiency, which is determined by the measured values of the heat flow coming from the furnace to the boiler circulation circuit and the heat flow introduced by the fuel into the furnace.
  • the disadvantage of the above technical solution is that the correlation measurement of the time shift for said heat transfers and the synchronized ratio of said heat transfers do not reflect the completeness of fuel combustion and, as a result, do not contribute to the minimization of fuel consumption.
  • the disadvantage of this method is the need for a large number of interrelated actions, the laboriousness and inertia of the process; further, adjustment is possible only in cases where both the gas composition and the specific heat of gas combustion are predetermined and known.
  • the object of the present invention is to develop a method for optimizing the hydrocarbon fuel combustion process.
  • the technical result is to optimize the hydrocarbon fuel combustion process in a boiler by achieving the minimum fuel consumption to generate thermal energy communicated (transferred) to the heat-carrier, thus ensuring the maximum possible completeness of fuel combustion.
  • the method for optimizing the hydrocarbon fuel combustion in a boiler comprises: measuring continuously fuel consumption in the boiler and the magnitude of heat transfer in the heat-carrier at the outlet of the boiler, determining deviations of measured values from initially measured values, followed by changing air flow rate depending on the increase or a decrease in the rate of heat transfer, further comprising, on the basis of the measured values, determining the specific fuel consumption per 1 Gcal of heat by way of calculating the ratio of fuel consumption to the magnitude of heat transfer in the heat-carrier at the outlet of the boiler, further comprising, at the beginning of the optimization of the fuel combustion process, performing a one-time discrete increase in the air flow rate to determine the tendency of the value of the rate of heat transfer in the heat-carrier to increase or decrease, further comprising, to obtain an optimal fuel-air ratio, with an increase in the magnitude of heat transfer, continuing the increase in the air flow until the rate of heat transfer begins to decrease, and with a decrease in the magnitude of heat transfer, reducing the air flow until the rate of heat transfer begins
  • the present method is implemented as follows:
  • the method for optimizing the hydrocarbon fuel combustion in a boiler may use associated petroleum gas of variable composition as fuel, and atmospheric air as an oxidizing agent.
  • the boiler 1 Prior to implementation of the present method for optimizing the hydrocarbon fuel combustion, the boiler 1 is adjusted to the power specified by the consumer in accordance with the boiler performance chart.
  • the air flow regulator 4 produces a one-time discrete increase in the air flow.
  • the heat meter 8 determines the deviation of the magnitude of heat transfer communicated to the heat-carrier from the initially set value.
  • the initial one-time discrete increase in the air flow rate makes it possible to assess the tendency for the value of the rate of heat transfer to change relative to the initially set value, i.e. it allows one to determine the point from which the regulation process begins (Point 1 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 ).
  • the computer 9 issues a command to the air flow regulator 4 to step-by-step increase the air flow (Point 2 in Fig. 2 ), and each time the next increase in the air flow, the computer 9 calculates the specific fuel consumption and compares the change thereof with the previous value.
  • the increase in the air flow rate occurs until the computer 9 detects the beginning of the increase in the specific fuel consumption (Point 3 of Fig. 2 ).
  • a command to stop the increase in the amount of supplied air is transmitted from the computer 9 to the air flow regulator 4, and thereafter a command to decrease the amount of supplied air by one increment (Point 4 in Fig. 2 ) is issued.
  • the point 4 will be the point of the optimal fuel-air ratio at a given time when the maximum heating capacity of the boiler with a given amount of fuel consumed and the minimum specific hydrocarbon fuel consumption per 1 Gcal of heat are achieved.
  • the computer issues to the air flow regulator 4 (point 3 in Fig. 3 ) a command to stop the decrease in the amount of air and to increase air supply by one increment, that is, to return to the point of optimal fuel-air ratio (point 4 in Fig. 3 ).
  • Optimization of hydrocarbon fuel combustion process according to the present method may be carried out both automatically and manually with the help of an operator.
  • the fuel supply regulator 2 first reduces fuel consumption to the value of heat transfer in the heat carrier as desired by the consumer, thereafter the air flow regulator 4 reduces air flow rate until the magnitude of heat transfer begins to decrease.
  • the fuel supply regulator 2 first increases fuel consumption to generate the magnitude of heat transfer in the heat carrier as desired by the consumer, thereafter the air flow regulator 4 increases air flow rate until the increase in the magnitude of heat transfer stops. Further, the air supply is adjusted without measuring the amount of the air, i.e. without measuring the absolute magnitude of air flow.
  • the boiler 1 After reaching the optimal fuel combustion performance, the boiler 1 continues to operate at the set amount of supplied fuel and air until the next change in the specific fuel consumption occurs, indicating that there have been changes in external conditions.
  • the method for optimizing hydrocarbon fuel combustion process is implemented on the boiler 1 ( Fig. 4 ) DE 10-14 (OJSC TATNEFT, city of Kichuy).
  • the boiler 1 ( Fig. 4 ) is fired up and brought to the required performance according to the boiler performance chart, which specifies the fuel-air ratio under various operating conditions of the boiler.
  • the method for optimizing hydrocarbon fuel combustion is initiated.
  • the air flow regulator 4 produces a one-time discrete increase in the air flow in the range from 0.01% to 2% of the total volume of the supplied air (while the fuel supply remains constant).
  • the heat meter 8 (Krohne VHV 310) with the help of sensors 5, 6 and 7, which are set to measure the temperature values of the heat-carrier at the inlet of the boiler 1, at the outlet of the boiler 1, and to determine the mass of the passing heat-carrier, respectively, determines the current value of the magnitude of heat transfer communicated to the heat-carrier. This magnitude of heat transfer is transferred to the computer 9.
  • the computer 9 transmits an appropriate command to the air flow regulator 4 based on calculating the specific hydrocarbon fuel consumption per unit of heat (1 Gcal) communicated to the heat-carrier, and based on comparing this value with the previous calculation result (every 3 seconds). Thus, the optimal fuel-air ratio is determined.
  • the fuel supply regulator 2 first reduces fuel consumption to the value of heat transfer in the heat carrier as desired by the consumer, thereafter the air flow regulator 4 reduces air flow rate until the magnitude of heat transfer begins to decrease.
  • the fuel supply regulator 2 first increases fuel consumption to generate the magnitude of heat transfer in the heat carrier as desired by the consumer, thereafter the air flow regulator 4 increases air flow rate until the increase in the magnitude of heat transfer stops. Further, the air supply is adjusted without measuring the amount of the air, i.e. without measuring the absolute magnitude of air flow.
  • the magnitude of fuel consumption is measured by the fuel consumption meter 3 (gas meter SG-800) and stored in the computer memory 9.
  • the fuel combustion optimization process is carried out continuously throughout the life of the boiler.
  • the present method ensures the operation of the boiler under optimal performance with minimal environmental damage, as the fuel is completely combusted.
  • the present technical solution may be implemented in the operation of fuel combustion devices using gaseous, liquid and solid fuels.
  • the method is implemented with the use of publicly available means of measurement and automation, personal computers.
  • the indicators of combustion process optimization are not the efficiency of the boiler and the temperature of the heat-carrier at the boiler outlet, but the ratio of the magnitude of fuel consumption to the magnitude of heat transfer in the heat-carrier at the boiler outlet to generate 1 Gcal of heat.
  • the method seeking a patent is simple and reliable in use, adapts to any existing systems, is based on simple and reliable devices of domestic production; is not subject to influence of: a condition of boilers, condition of air ducts, condition of chimneys and burning devices; allows to regulate the combustion for each burning device in multiburner boilers. Further, the method when in the automatic mode provides values of heat transfer of the heat-carrier (steam or hot water) set by the consumer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
EP21765074.6A 2020-03-05 2021-02-25 Procede d'optimisation du processus de combustion de combustible hydrocarbure dans une chaudiere Pending EP4116625A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2020109758A RU2737572C1 (ru) 2020-03-05 2020-03-05 Способ оптимизации процесса горения углеводородного топлива в котле
PCT/RU2021/000081 WO2021177857A1 (fr) 2020-03-05 2021-02-25 Procede d'optimisation du processus de combustion de combustible hydrocarbure dans une chaudiere

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4116625A1 true EP4116625A1 (fr) 2023-01-11
EP4116625A4 EP4116625A4 (fr) 2023-11-29

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EP21765074.6A Pending EP4116625A4 (fr) 2020-03-05 2021-02-25 Procede d'optimisation du processus de combustion de combustible hydrocarbure dans une chaudiere

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EP (1) EP4116625A4 (fr)
RU (1) RU2737572C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021177857A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2752216C1 (ru) * 2021-02-07 2021-07-23 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Северо-Кавказский горно-металлургический институт (государственный технологический университет) Способ оптимизации процесса факельного сжигания топлива

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1477667A (fr) * 1966-03-08 1967-04-21 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Perfectionnements aux systèmes de contrôle de la combustion de fluides, notamment dans les fours de raffineries
DE3513580A1 (de) * 1984-05-02 1985-11-07 Joh. Vaillant Gmbh U. Co, 5630 Remscheid Messeinrichtung fuer die belastung einer mit einem waermetauscher versehene brennstoffbeheizten waermequelle und regelung unter benutzung der messeinrichtung
RU2357153C2 (ru) * 2006-11-20 2009-05-27 Общество с Ограниченной Ответственностью (ООО) "Энергопромналадка" Способ контроля и управления горением топлива
RU2425290C2 (ru) * 2009-10-26 2011-07-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Магнитогорский металлургический комбинат" Способ автоматической оптимизации процесса горения в топке барабанного парового котла
DE102009044608A1 (de) * 2009-11-20 2011-05-26 Webasto Ag Heizgerät
GB2504807B (en) * 2012-05-11 2020-02-12 Fisher Rosemount Systems Inc Methods and apparatus to control combustion process systems
EP3044513B1 (fr) * 2013-09-13 2019-11-27 Biomass Controls PBC Dispositif de commande d'alimentation en carburant et d'alimentation en air pour four à biocarburant
RU2015131367A (ru) * 2015-07-28 2017-02-02 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет" (ФГАОУВПО КФУ) Способ автоматической оптимизации процесса сжигания топлива
RU2647940C1 (ru) * 2017-05-04 2018-03-21 федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет" (ФГАОУ ВО КФУ) Способ автоматической оптимизации процесса сжигания топлива переменного состава

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WO2021177857A1 (fr) 2021-09-10
RU2737572C1 (ru) 2020-12-01
EP4116625A4 (fr) 2023-11-29

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