WO2021166040A1 - Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération - Google Patents

Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021166040A1
WO2021166040A1 PCT/JP2020/006097 JP2020006097W WO2021166040A1 WO 2021166040 A1 WO2021166040 A1 WO 2021166040A1 JP 2020006097 W JP2020006097 W JP 2020006097W WO 2021166040 A1 WO2021166040 A1 WO 2021166040A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
heat exchanger
refrigeration cycle
heat medium
pressure sensor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/006097
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
圭 岡本
寛也 石原
池田　隆
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to JP2022501412A priority Critical patent/JP7209892B2/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2020/006097 priority patent/WO2021166040A1/fr
Publication of WO2021166040A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021166040A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a refrigeration cycle device.
  • Patent Document 1 An example of a refrigeration cycle device that supplies cold and hot heat is disclosed in, for example, International Publication No. 2016/071977 (Patent Document 1).
  • This refrigeration cycle device is equipped with a water heat exchanger, the average value of the water temperature at the inlet and outlet of the water heat exchanger is higher than the reference value (for example, 4.5 ° C.), and the outlet superheat degree of the water heat exchanger is the reference value (for example).
  • the antifreeze control is executed.
  • the stop temperature of the compressor is set higher than the currently set stop temperature, or the rotation speed of the water pump is set higher than the currently set rotation speed to increase the flow velocity of water.
  • Etc. are exemplified.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus proposed in Patent Document 1 described above performs operations such as increasing the flow rate of the pump when the temperature of the heat medium approaches the freezing point to freeze. It is to prevent.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus assumes water as a heat medium
  • the physical properties of the heat medium are specifically controlled by protection on the premise that the freezing point is 0 ° C. I haven't taken it into consideration.
  • the freezing point differs depending on the type and concentration of each brine.
  • the concentration of brine changes due to a hygroscopic reaction due to the nature of brine, evaporation of water in the solution, or the like, so that the freezing point also changes. Therefore, it is not easy to set a temperature threshold value for determining whether or not to increase the flow rate. Due to the change in concentration due to moisture absorption or evaporation of brine, problems such as damage to the heat exchanger and pump failure due to freezing of brine may occur.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the present disclosure solves the above-mentioned problems and can detect an abnormality in a circuit using a heat medium.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a refrigerant circuit configured to circulate the refrigerant so as to repeat a compression process, a condensation process, an expansion process, and an evaporation process.
  • the refrigerant circuit includes a heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant and the heat medium.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus has a first pressure sensor that detects the pressure of the heat medium in the inlet side flow path of the heat medium of the heat exchanger, and a first pressure sensor that detects the pressure of the heat medium in the outlet side flow path of the heat medium of the heat exchanger. It is further equipped with two pressure sensors.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the present disclosure it is possible to detect an abnormality in a circuit using a heat medium by detecting the pressure in the inlet side flow path and the outlet side flow path of the heat exchanger.
  • the refrigerating cycle device exemplified in the present embodiment relates to a refrigerating and air-conditioning device, and particularly relates to a refrigerating and air-conditioning device that supplies cold and hot heat to the load side by heating or cooling a liquid medium such as water or brine. ..
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of the refrigeration cycle device 100 of the present embodiment.
  • the refrigeration cycle device 100 includes a heat source machine 1, a pump 2, and a load device 30.
  • a compressor 5, a first heat exchanger 6 which is a heat source side heat exchanger, an expansion valve 8 which is a decompression device, and a second heat exchanger 7 which is a load side heat exchanger are built in the heat source machine 1. There is.
  • heat exchange is performed between the air and the refrigerant.
  • the first heat exchanger 6 is provided with a fan 12 for blowing air.
  • heat exchange is performed between a heat medium such as water or brine and the refrigerant.
  • a plate heat exchanger can be used as the second heat exchanger 7, a plate heat exchanger can be used.
  • the compressor 5, the first heat exchanger 6, the expansion valve 8, and the second heat exchanger 7 are connected in an annular shape as shown to form a refrigerant circuit in which the refrigerant circulates.
  • the compressor 5 compresses the refrigerant.
  • the compressor 5 is, for example, an inverter compressor controlled by an inverter, and the compression capacity per hour can be changed.
  • the compressor 5 may be a constant speed type compressor.
  • the first heat exchanger 6 exchanges heat with air for the refrigerant, and functions as a heat source side heat exchanger.
  • the first heat exchanger 6 may be another heat exchanger in which heat exchange is performed between a heat medium other than air and the refrigerant.
  • the expansion valve 8 expands the refrigerant.
  • the expansion valve 8 may be formed of an electronic expansion valve or the like whose opening degree can be adjusted, but may be a capillary tube or the like.
  • the second heat exchanger 7 exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the heat medium, and functions as a load-side heat exchanger.
  • a heat exchanger such as a shell-and-tube heat exchanger other than the plate heat exchanger may be used.
  • Pump 2 is a power source that circulates a heat medium in the load side flow path. Although the pump 2 is provided outside the heat source machine 1 and connected to the heat source machine 1 in FIG. 1, it may be built in the heat source machine 1.
  • the refrigeration cycle device 100 further includes a control device 20 that controls a compressor 5, a fan 12, an expansion valve 8, and a pump 2.
  • the control device 20 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 21 and a memory 22.
  • the memory 22 includes, for example, a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and a flash memory.
  • the flash memory stores the operating system, application programs, and various types of data.
  • the CPU 21 controls the overall operation of the refrigeration cycle device 100.
  • the control device 20 shown in FIG. 1 is realized by the CPU 21 executing the operating system and the application program stored in the memory 22. When executing the application program, various data stored in the memory 22 are referred to.
  • the control device 20 may be divided into a plurality of control units.
  • each of the plurality of control units includes a CPU and a memory.
  • a plurality of CPUs cooperate to perform overall control of the refrigeration cycle device 100.
  • the refrigeration cycle device 100 includes a pressure sensor 3 for detecting the pressure of the heat medium at the heat medium inlet of the second heat exchanger 7, which is a load side heat exchanger, and a heat medium at the heat medium outlet of the second heat exchanger 7.
  • a pressure sensor 4 for detecting the pressure and a current sensor 11 for detecting the current of the pump 2 are further provided.
  • the heat medium is cooled by the second heat exchanger 7 and supplied to the load device 30.
  • the control device 20 determines an abnormality in the load-side circuit by a discriminant based on the outputs of the pressure sensors 3 and 4, and reports the abnormality when the abnormality is detected. By reporting an abnormality in the load-side circuit, appropriate circuit protection can be performed even if the physical properties of the heat medium change.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the abnormality determination content and the change in the parameters shown in each item.
  • the contents of the abnormality judgment are (1) increase in brine flow rate, (2) decrease in brine concentration, (3) increase in brine concentration, (4) blockage of heat exchanger flow path, (5) blockage of brine piping, and (6) decrease in brine flow rate. , And 6 types.
  • FIG. 2 shows how the parameters shown in each item change when these abnormalities occur.
  • the portion surrounded by the double frame is used for classifying the abnormality determination content in the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a determination formula for discriminating an abnormality on the load side from the information held by the refrigeration cycle device when an abnormality on the load side occurs.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example in which the heat medium is brine.
  • Abnormalities on the load side include (1) increase in brine flow rate, (2) decrease in brine concentration, (3) increase in brine concentration, (4) blockage of heat exchanger flow path, (5) blockage of brine piping, and (6) brine.
  • the decrease in flow rate is listed in order.
  • the pump 2 that feeds brine is assumed to operate at a constant speed.
  • the reporting conditions for each abnormality determination content shown in FIG. 3 are shown below.
  • (1) Increase in brine flow rate The control device 20 issues an increase in brine flow rate when the following conditions A and B are satisfied.
  • SH constant control means that the expansion valve 8 is operated to control the degree of superheat of the intake refrigerant in order to prevent liquid backing due to a decrease in the degree of superheat of the intake refrigerant and to prevent a decrease in capacity due to an excessive degree of overheat of the intake refrigerant. It is a control that keeps the set value.
  • the control device 20 issues a decrease in brine concentration when the above condition A and the following condition C are satisfied.
  • the heat exchange efficiency of the second heat exchanger 7 decreases.
  • a chiller or a heat pump that constantly controls SH when the heat exchange efficiency decreases it is necessary to reduce the opening degree of the expansion valve 8 to reduce the evaporation temperature. In this case, the cooling capacity is reduced.
  • the control device 20 stores in advance the outside air temperature, the cooling capacity Qurem for each brine cooling capacity, and the compressor frequency Hzrem in the steady state.
  • Wc Brine flow rate calculation value
  • ⁇ i Brine density initial value
  • ⁇ i Brine viscosity initial value
  • Cpi Brine specific heat initial value
  • Gr Refrigerant flow rate
  • ⁇ H Heat exchanger inlet / outlet enthalpy difference
  • ⁇ Tb Brine inlet / outlet temperature difference
  • a , B, c Value specific to the heat exchanger.
  • the control device 20 compares the calculated pressure loss ⁇ Pc with the actually measured pressure loss ⁇ P measurement value.
  • the pressure loss ⁇ Pc calculated from the initial physical property values becomes smaller than the actually measured pressure loss ⁇ P.
  • the control device 20 determines that the condition F is satisfied when ⁇ P> ⁇ Pc is satisfied.
  • the control device 20 stores in advance the outside air temperature, the cooling capacity Qurem for each brine cooling capacity, and the compressor frequency Hzrem in the steady state.
  • the control device 20 stores in advance the outside air temperature, the cooling capacity Qurem for each brine cooling capacity, and the compressor frequency Hzrem in the steady state.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining a procedure for determining the determination content notified by the control device 20.
  • the control device 20 first determines in step S1 about the change in the cooling capacity Qc using the determination formula 1 of FIG.
  • step S1 If it is determined in step S1 that the cooling capacity Qc has increased, the process proceeds to step S2. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S1 that the cooling capacity Qc has decreased, the process proceeds to step S5.
  • step S2 the control device 20 determines the change in the pressure loss ⁇ P using the determination formula 2 of FIG. If it is determined in step S2 that the pressure loss ⁇ P has increased, the process proceeds to step S3. In step S3, the control device 20 displays on the display unit 23 that the abnormality determination content is “(1) Increase in brine flow rate”. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S2 that the pressure loss ⁇ P has decreased, the process proceeds to step S4. In step S4, the control device 20 displays on the display unit 23 that the abnormality determination content is "(2) Brine concentration decrease".
  • step S5 the control device 20 determines the change in the pressure loss ⁇ P using the determination formula 2 of FIG.
  • step S5 If it is determined in step S5 that the pressure loss ⁇ P has increased, the process proceeds to step S6. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S5 that the pressure loss ⁇ P has decreased, the process proceeds to step S9.
  • step S6 the control device 20 compares the magnitude of the pressure loss ⁇ P and the calculated value ⁇ Pc as shown in the column of the determination formula 3 in FIG.
  • step S6 the control device 20 displays on the display unit 23 that the abnormality determination content is “(3) Increase in brine concentration”.
  • step S6 the control device 20 displays on the display unit 23 that the abnormality determination content is “(4) blockage of the flow path of the heat exchanger”.
  • step S9 the control device 20 compares the magnitude of the current value Ip flowing through the pump 2 with the normal current value Iprem as shown in the column of the determination formula 3 in FIG.
  • step S9 the control device 20 displays on the display unit 23 that the abnormality determination content is “(5) Brine pipe blockage”.
  • step S9 the control device 20 displays on the display unit 23 that the abnormality determination content is “(6) Brine flow rate reduction”.
  • the control device 20 stops the operation of the refrigeration cycle device 100 after a certain period of time has elapsed.
  • steps S1, S2, S5, S6, and S9 if the parameters to be determined are as usual, the control is once returned to the main routine, and after a certain period of time has elapsed or when it becomes necessary to determine an abnormality. , The abnormality determination process of FIG. 4 is executed again.
  • the refrigeration cycle device can detect an abnormality in the load side circuit even when the physical properties of the heat medium change, it is possible to appropriately protect the refrigeration cycle device.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of the refrigeration cycle device 100A of the first modification.
  • the pump 2, the pressure sensors 3 and 4, the temperature sensors 9 and 10, and the control device 20 are housed in the heat source machine 1A together with the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of the refrigeration cycle device 100B of the second modification.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100B shown in FIG. 6 includes a plurality of refrigeration cycle units 1-1 to 1-N.
  • the plurality of refrigeration cycle units 1-1 to 1-N each include a plurality of circuits in which the refrigerant circulates independently of each other.
  • Each of the plurality of refrigeration cycle units 1-1 to 1-N includes a refrigerant circuit having a configuration similar to that of the refrigerant circuit 40 shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of heat exchangers 7-1 to 7-N included in each of the plurality of refrigeration cycle units 1-1 to 1-N are arranged in series in the flow path of the heat medium of the load circuit 50.
  • the first pressure sensor 3 is arranged in the inlet side flow path of the heat exchanger 7-1 arranged at the uppermost stream of the flow path among the plurality of heat exchangers 7-1 to 7-N, and the second pressure sensor 4 Is arranged in the outlet side flow path of the heat exchanger 7-N arranged at the most downstream of the flow path among the plurality of heat exchangers 7-1 to 7-N.
  • the refrigeration cycle device 100 includes a refrigerant circuit 40 that circulates the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant circuit 40 is configured to circulate the refrigerant so as to repeat a compression process, a condensation process, an expansion process, and an evaporation process.
  • the refrigerant circuit 40 is configured by connecting the compressor 5, the first heat exchanger 6, the expansion valve 8 which is a decompression device, and the second heat exchanger 7 in an annular shape.
  • the second heat exchanger 7 is configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant and the heat medium.
  • the refrigeration cycle device 100 has a first pressure sensor 3 for detecting the pressure of the heat medium in the inlet side flow path of the heat medium of the second heat exchanger 7 and an outlet side flow path of the heat medium of the second heat exchanger 7.
  • a second pressure sensor 4 for detecting the pressure of the heat medium is further provided.
  • a load device 30 that uses a heat medium is connected to the second heat exchanger 7.
  • the refrigeration cycle device 100 further includes a control device 20 that receives the output of the first pressure sensor 3 and the output of the second pressure sensor 4. Based on the output of the first pressure sensor 3 and the output of the second pressure sensor 4, the control device 20 determines whether or not there is an abnormality in the load circuit 50 that circulates the heat medium in the load device 30, and the load circuit 50 has an abnormality. If it is recognized, an alarm is output.
  • the heat medium is water or brine.
  • the load circuit 50 includes a pump 2 that circulates a heat medium between the second heat exchanger 7 and the load device 30.
  • the control device 20 classifies and notifies the abnormality of the load circuit 50 based on the current value of the pump 2 in addition to the output of the first pressure sensor 3 and the output of the second pressure sensor 4.
  • the refrigerant circuit 40 is housed in the heat source machine 1.
  • the heat source machine 1 has a built-in pump 2 that circulates a heat medium.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a plurality of refrigeration cycle units 1-1 to 1-N.
  • the plurality of refrigeration cycle units 1-1 to 1-N each include a plurality of circuits in which the refrigerant circulates independently of each other.
  • Each of the plurality of refrigeration cycle units 1-1 to 1-N includes a refrigerant circuit having a configuration similar to that of the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • a plurality of heat exchangers 7-1 to 7-N included in each of the plurality of refrigeration cycle units 1-1 to 1-N are arranged in series in the flow path of the heat medium.
  • the first pressure sensor 3 is arranged in the inlet side flow path of the heat exchanger 7-1 arranged at the uppermost stream of the flow path among the plurality of heat exchangers 7-1 to 7-N, and the second pressure sensor 4 Is arranged in the outlet side flow path of the heat exchanger 7-N arranged at the most downstream of the flow path among the plurality of heat exchangers 7-1 to 7-N.
  • the capacity control method of the compressor 5 is the rotation speed control by the inverter
  • other methods may be used.
  • a capacity control method for mechanically changing the stroke volume of the compressor 5 may be used, or a plurality of compressors 5 may be provided and the capacity of the compressor 5 may be controlled by changing the number of operating units thereof. ..
  • the configuration of the second heat exchanger 7 is illustrated by the plate heat exchanger, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other configurations such as a shell tube type and a double tube type may be used. good.
  • the first heat exchanger 6 is not limited to the plate fin heat exchanger, and other types such as corrugated fins may be used. Further, as the first heat exchanger 6, not only the one using air as a medium but also the one using another medium such as water can be applied to realize the same effect.
  • 1,1A, 1B heat source machine 1,1A, 1B heat source machine, 1-1 to 1-N refrigeration cycle unit, 2 pump, 3,4 pressure sensor, 5 compressor, 6,7,7-1 to 7-N heat exchanger, 8 expansion valve , 11 current sensor, 12 fan, 20 control device, 21 CPU, 22 memory, 23 display unit, 30 load device, 40 refrigerant circuit, 50 load circuit, 100, 100A, 100B refrigeration cycle device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif à cycle de réfrigération (100) pourvu d'un circuit de fluide frigorigène (40) à travers lequel circule un fluide frigorigène. Le circuit de fluide frigorigène (40) est constitué en raccordant de manière annulaire un compresseur (5), un premier échangeur de chaleur (6), un dispositif de décompression (8) et un second échangeur de chaleur (7). Le second échangeur de chaleur (7) est conçu pour échanger de la chaleur entre un fluide frigorigène et un fluide caloporteur. Le dispositif à cycle de réfrigération (100) est en outre équipé : d'un premier capteur de pression (3) pour détecter la pression du fluide caloporteur au niveau d'une entrée de fluide caloporteur du second échangeur de chaleur (7) ; et d'un second capteur de pression (4) pour détecter la pression du fluide caloporteur au niveau d'une sortie de fluide caloporteur du second échangeur de chaleur (7).
PCT/JP2020/006097 2020-02-17 2020-02-17 Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération WO2021166040A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2022501412A JP7209892B2 (ja) 2020-02-17 2020-02-17 冷凍サイクル装置
PCT/JP2020/006097 WO2021166040A1 (fr) 2020-02-17 2020-02-17 Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2020/006097 WO2021166040A1 (fr) 2020-02-17 2020-02-17 Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6330938Y2 (fr) * 1980-09-10 1988-08-18
JPH0297870A (ja) * 1988-10-04 1990-04-10 Chubu Electric Power Co Inc 冷凍機
JPH05133693A (ja) * 1991-11-12 1993-05-28 Daikin Ind Ltd 水冷却装置
JPH08285352A (ja) * 1995-04-12 1996-11-01 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd ヒートポンプ式冷暖房装置
JPH10185282A (ja) * 1996-12-26 1998-07-14 Matsushita Refrig Co Ltd 空気調和装置
JP2010048447A (ja) * 2008-08-20 2010-03-04 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 空気調和装置
JP2015114074A (ja) * 2013-12-13 2015-06-22 オリオン機械株式会社 温度調整装置
WO2017221383A1 (fr) * 2016-06-23 2017-12-28 三菱電機株式会社 Système de circulation de milieu thermique
WO2019026234A1 (fr) * 2017-08-03 2019-02-07 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif à cycle frigorifique
WO2019138765A1 (fr) * 2018-01-15 2019-07-18 ダイキン工業株式会社 Système de fabrication de glace

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6330938Y2 (fr) * 1980-09-10 1988-08-18
JPH0297870A (ja) * 1988-10-04 1990-04-10 Chubu Electric Power Co Inc 冷凍機
JPH05133693A (ja) * 1991-11-12 1993-05-28 Daikin Ind Ltd 水冷却装置
JPH08285352A (ja) * 1995-04-12 1996-11-01 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd ヒートポンプ式冷暖房装置
JPH10185282A (ja) * 1996-12-26 1998-07-14 Matsushita Refrig Co Ltd 空気調和装置
JP2010048447A (ja) * 2008-08-20 2010-03-04 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 空気調和装置
JP2015114074A (ja) * 2013-12-13 2015-06-22 オリオン機械株式会社 温度調整装置
WO2017221383A1 (fr) * 2016-06-23 2017-12-28 三菱電機株式会社 Système de circulation de milieu thermique
WO2019026234A1 (fr) * 2017-08-03 2019-02-07 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif à cycle frigorifique
WO2019138765A1 (fr) * 2018-01-15 2019-07-18 ダイキン工業株式会社 Système de fabrication de glace

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JPWO2021166040A1 (fr) 2021-08-26

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