WO2021164103A1 - 一种显示用宽色域背光源 - Google Patents

一种显示用宽色域背光源 Download PDF

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WO2021164103A1
WO2021164103A1 PCT/CN2020/081911 CN2020081911W WO2021164103A1 WO 2021164103 A1 WO2021164103 A1 WO 2021164103A1 CN 2020081911 W CN2020081911 W CN 2020081911W WO 2021164103 A1 WO2021164103 A1 WO 2021164103A1
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quantum dot
red
color gamut
display
blue
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PCT/CN2020/081911
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘志远
吕康明
王洪伟
刘伟杰
王波
曾庆光
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五邑大学
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/50—Wavelength conversion elements
    • H01L33/501—Wavelength conversion elements characterised by the materials, e.g. binder
    • H01L33/502—Wavelength conversion materials
    • H01L33/504—Elements with two or more wavelength conversion materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133614—Illuminating devices using photoluminescence, e.g. phosphors illuminated by UV or blue light

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of backlight sources, in particular to a wide color gamut backlight source for display.
  • LED is a new type of green light source. Due to its small size, energy saving, environmental protection, long life, fast response, safety and environmental protection, etc., it has been widely used in many fields such as liquid crystal displays, backlights, and general lighting.
  • the definition of color gamut coverage is the percentage of the area of the triangle enclosed by the RGB three primary color coordinate points displayed by the display device in the entire CIE color space area.
  • the industry is generally represented by the NTSC (National Television Standards Committee) standard. The higher the NTSC color gamut, the more vivid the color of the object that the display device can display, and the closer to the color of the real object. Therefore, the development of excellent and high-purity fluorescent materials is particularly important in the preparation of wide-color gamut backlights.
  • the mainstream white LED light source is composed of blue LED chips and YAG: Ce 3+ yellow phosphors, but due to insufficient red and green components, the color rendering is low and the color gamut is low, only reaching 72 of NTSC %. And short-range packaging is likely to cause serious problems such as yellowing and aging of organic matter;
  • the weather resistance problem is effectively solved by coating and other means, and the color gamut of liquid crystal display can be greatly improved. Coverage.
  • the main commercial green phosphors are: Ce 3+ doped Lu 3 Al 5 O 12 (LuAG), Eu 2+ doped Sr 2 SiO 4 and ⁇ -sialon, but these green phosphors also have excessively broad spectrums. problem.
  • the color gamut obtained by using the above-mentioned red phosphor and green phosphor combined with the LED chip is only 80% NTSC.
  • the use of short-range coating and packaging also has the problem of easy aging of packaging materials;
  • Blue LED coupling CdSe/ZnS and other II-VI group or InP/ZnS and other III-V core-shell structure quantum dots Thanks to the excellent color purity of quantum dots, the products obtained by this technical solution reach the NTSC standard 105 %, but the light efficiency is poor, the preparation process and the process are complicated, the environmental stability is poor, and the moisture-proof and anti-oxidation treatment is required, and the service life is relatively short;
  • researchers In order to improve the stability of quantum dots, researchers have used mesoporous material coating, polymer material coating and other methods to isolate quantum dots from the outside world to improve their stability. However, these methods cannot fundamentally improve the stability of CsPbX 3 quantum dots;
  • Quantum dot fluorescent glass-ceramics have excellent color stability and long-term material damage resistance, and can ensure good luminous performance under high-flux laser irradiation and thermal shock. Therefore, glass-ceramics should be used in the field of power white light LEDs. And there are great application prospects in the field of high-end displays, so the research of fluorescent glass-ceramic converters has become a hot spot, and many well-known institutions at home and abroad are engaged in research in this area.
  • the green material in the quantum dot glass has the most excellent luminescence performance, and the lack of red light component in the display is KSF: Mn 4+ which can be effectively excited by blue light. This coupling method can reach 129% of the NTSC standard. It is also important to choose to use the fluorescent composite material to construct the backlight by remote packaging, which can effectively reduce the influence of the blue wavelength on the organic material;
  • electroluminescent quantum dot diode (QLED) and electroluminescent organic diode (OLED) technologies are competitors of quantum dot glass LED backlight technology, but this technology has obvious advantages over the above two display technologies :
  • the perovskite quantum dot composite fluorescent material proposed by the present invention as LED backlight technology has the best compatibility with existing liquid crystal display technology, and has huge advantages in terms of process, cost, stability and service life.
  • the technical idea proposed by the present invention is simple, with high luminous efficiency, low cost, stable performance and long service life.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wide color gamut backlight source for display, which uses composite fluorescent materials prepared from CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramics and KSF fluorescent film with blue LED as the backlight source for display, thereby effectively improving the overall device
  • the luminous efficiency, environmental stability, increase the service life and reduce the cost of use.
  • the present invention provides a wide color gamut backlight source for display, the backlight source includes a blue LED chip and a composite fluorescent material;
  • the composite fluorescent material includes a perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramic and a red fluorescent film, and the core material of the perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramic material is CsPbBr 3 quantum dots, which is used to generate a narrow-band green spectrum for display;
  • the core component of the red fluorescent film is K 2 SiF 6 :Mn 4+ , which is used to generate a narrow-band red spectrum;
  • the blue LED chip In the red, green, and blue spectrum components of the wide color gamut backlight source for display, the blue LED chip generates blue light components, and the blue LED excites CsPbBr 3 quantum dot glass-ceramics to produce narrow-band green light components, and blue LEDs excite The red fluorescent film produces a narrow band of red light components.
  • the half-height width of the emission spectrum of the perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramics is 20 nm-40 nm; and the luminous quantum efficiency of the perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramics is 50%-95%.
  • the composite fluorescent material is encapsulated on the LED chip.
  • the glass composition material of the perovskite quantum dot glass ceramics is silicate, borosilicate, aluminosilicate, aluminoborosilicate, phosphate, phosphosilicate, germanate , At least one of germanium silicate, tellurite and bismuthate.
  • the luminous quantum efficiency of the perovskite quantum dot glass ceramics can reach 85%; the luminous efficiency of the red fluorescent film can reach 95%.
  • the composite fluorescent material adopts a remote packaging method.
  • the red fluorescent glass in the fluorescent composite material faces the LED blue chip.
  • the wide-color gamut backlight for display of the perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramic composite fluorescent material for blue LEDs provided by the present invention is compatible with the existing LED backlight technology, and its performance is significantly improved; in perovskite quantum dot glass
  • the composite fluorescent material formed by spin-coating the red fluorescent film is remotely packaged in the actual backlight system, which effectively reduces the aging problem of organic matter.
  • the present invention provides a wide color gamut backlight source for display of perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramic composite fluorescent materials for blue LEDs.
  • the perovskite quantum fluorescent glass involved can effectively absorb ultraviolet, near-ultraviolet and blue light and emit High-efficiency green light, its photoluminescence spectrum is narrow and highly symmetrical, and its color purity is high.
  • the red fluorescent film also has efficient absorption of near ultraviolet and blue light, and emits narrow-band red light with high color purity. By adjusting the red fluorescent film and quantum dot micro The thickness of the crystal glass can obtain a multi-color fluorescent composite material, which is combined with an LED excitation light source, which is very suitable for a wide color gamut backlight source for display.
  • the present invention provides a wide color gamut backlight source for display of the perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramic composite fluorescent material for blue LEDs.
  • the perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramic has a high luminous quantum efficiency of 85%. , The color purity is high, the half-peak width is 16nm; the involved red fluorescent film has a very high luminous quantum efficiency of 95%, the color purity is very high, and the half-peak width is 8nm.
  • the present invention provides a wide-color gamut backlight source for display of perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramic composite fluorescent materials for blue LEDs, and the high-temperature solid phase method used in perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramics, quantum dot nanocrystalline It is evenly embedded in the glass matrix, suitable for making various shapes, has simple process and low preparation cost; the red fluorescent film in the composite fluorescent material adopts the spin coating method, which has simple process and low preparation cost.
  • the present invention provides a wide color gamut backlight source for display of perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramic composite fluorescent materials for blue LEDs.
  • the perovskite quantum dots involved are not easily affected by the external environment because they are embedded in the glass matrix. Therefore, the environmental stability is good, and it is no longer necessary to use core-shell or coating methods to improve the stability of the quantum dots, while prolonging the service life and reducing the cost in the preparation process; the wide color gamut backlight adopts remote packaging technology to effectively prevent The aging of the organic fluorescent film.
  • the present invention provides a wide color gamut backlight source for display of the perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramic composite fluorescent material for blue LEDs.
  • the photoluminescence lifetime of the perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramics involved reaches ⁇ 90ns, which is matched with The response speed of the LED does not show the tailing problem in the display.
  • the application of the present invention can effectively solve the problems of low color gamut, low light efficiency, aging performance, need for special protective measures, and high cost in the existing display technology.
  • the remote packaging technology combined with perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramics and red fluorescent film can obtain excellent performance and is suitable for LED backlights for displays with wide color gamut, high efficiency, low cost, good stability and fast response speed.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the emission spectra of blue LEDs, green perovskite quantum dots and red fluorescent films.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a certain proportion of the red, green, and blue spectra output by the display.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the method of combining the composite fluorescent material and the LED.
  • Figure 4 shows the X-ray spectrum of green perovskite quantum dots.
  • Figure 5 is a high-resolution transmission electron microscope image of green perovskite quantum dots.
  • Figure 6 shows the absorption spectrum of quantum dot glass ceramics.
  • Figure 7 is the emission spectrum of quantum dot glass ceramics.
  • Figure 8 is the excitation spectrum of the red fluorescent film.
  • Figure 9 is the emission spectrum of the red fluorescent film.
  • Figure 10 shows the luminescence spectra of perovskite quantum dot glass ceramics at different temperatures.
  • Figure 11 shows the emission spectra of the red fluorescent film at different temperatures.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the color coordinates of blue LED and blue LED excited green perovskite quantum dot glass ceramics and red fluorescent film.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a wide color gamut backlight source for display, the backlight source includes a blue LED chip and a composite fluorescent material;
  • the composite fluorescent material includes a perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramic and a red fluorescent film, and the core material of the perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramic material is CsPbBr 3 quantum dots, which is used to generate a narrow-band green spectrum for display;
  • the core component of the red fluorescent film is K 2 SiF 6 :Mn 4+ , which is used to generate a narrow-band red spectrum;
  • the blue LED chip In the red, green, and blue spectrum components of the wide color gamut backlight source for display, the blue LED chip generates blue light components, and the blue LED excites CsPbBr 3 quantum dot glass-ceramics to produce narrow-band green light components, and blue LEDs excite The red fluorescent film produces a narrow band of red light components.
  • the half-height width of the emission spectrum of the perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramics is 20nm-40nm; and the luminous quantum efficiency of the perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramics is 50%-95% .
  • the composite fluorescent material is encapsulated on the LED chip.
  • the glass composition material of the perovskite quantum dot glass ceramics is silicate, borosilicate, aluminosilicate, aluminoborosilicate, phosphate, and phosphosilicate. , At least one of germanate, germanate silicate, tellurite and bismuthate.
  • the luminous quantum efficiency of the perovskite quantum dot glass ceramics can reach 85%; the luminous efficiency of the red fluorescent film can reach 95%.
  • the composite fluorescent material adopts a remote packaging method.
  • the red fluorescent glass in the fluorescent composite material faces the LED blue chip.
  • Figure 1 and Figure 2 are schematic diagrams of the spectrum of a blue LED combined with a composite fluorescent material to obtain a backlight in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the emission spectra of a blue LED, a green perovskite quantum dot and a red fluorescent film
  • Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a certain proportion of the red, green, and blue spectrum output by the display.
  • the red, green, and blue color spectrums are very narrow, and the color purity of each color is very high, which is conducive to the full use of light.
  • the composite fluorescent material combined with the blue LED provided in the preferred embodiment of the present invention has obvious advantages as a backlight source technology.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the method of combining the composite fluorescent material and the LED in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the blue LED 1, the reflective cup 2, the red fluorescent film 3, the perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramic 4, the diffusion film 5, and the increase are arranged in sequence.
  • Brightness film 6, dual brightness enhancement film 7 and LCD panel 8; the composite fluorescent material is remotely packaged on the blue LED1.
  • This package method is beneficial to increase heat dissipation and reduce the thermal shock effect of organic matter.
  • the red fluorescent film 3 is spin-coated on one side of the perovskite quantum crystal glass 4, and the red fluorescent film 3 faces the blue LED 1, which reduces the absorption of the blue light spectrum by the green perovskite quantum dots.
  • the diffusion film 5 After the diffusion film 5, the brightness enhancement film 6, the dual brightness enhancement film 7 and the LCD panel 8 containing the filter, the ratio of the output red light, green light and blue light is jointly controlled by the liquid crystal light valve and the color filter.
  • Figures 4 and 5 are the X-ray spectra (and high-resolution transmission electron microscope images) of the green perovskite quantum dots in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • borosilicate glass system is preferred: H 3 BO 3 20 ⁇ 30%; SiO 2 20 ⁇ 40%; ZnO 10 ⁇ 20%; Cs 2 CO 3 5 ⁇ 15%; Na 2 CO 3 5 ⁇ 15%; PbBr 2 10 ⁇ 20%; CsBr 5 ⁇ 15%;
  • the temperature is raised to 1050-1150°C, and the temperature is kept for 10-20 minutes; after the heat preservation is over, quickly pour it into the mold, High-temperature annealing, the glass heat treatment temperature T is maintained for 4-10 hours, then the temperature is reduced to room temperature, and the glass material is taken out.
  • the obtained quantum dot glass-ceramic inherits the excellent optical properties of perovskite quantum dots and has high quantum efficiency. What is important is that the material has good stability, simple preparation process
  • Fig. 6 is the absorption spectrum of the quantum dot glass-ceramic in a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 7 is the emission spectrum of the quantum dot glass-ceramic.
  • available photons in many wavelength bands shorter than the absorption cut-off wavelength can excite quantum dot glass-ceramics to emit light.
  • the perovskite quantum dot glass ceramics has excellent color stability due to the exciton luminescence characteristics, and the emission wavelength does not change with the excitation wavelength.
  • the emission spectrum is very narrow, 21nm, the peak shape is highly symmetrical, the peak wavelength is 520nm, the luminous quantum dot efficiency is as high as 83.2% at 450nm, and the average luminescence lifetime is 94.5ns.
  • FIG. 8 and 9 are schematic diagrams of the excitation spectrum and the emission spectrum of a red fluorescent film of a certain thickness obtained by spin coating in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 8 is the excitation spectrum, and FIG. 9 is the emission spectrum.
  • the effective excitation waveband of the red fluorescent film is mainly concentrated in the ultraviolet region and the blue region, which matches the current blue LED chip.
  • the emission peak of the fluorescent film is narrow and sharp, with excellent color purity, the main peak wavelength is 631nm, and the emission quantum efficiency is 95% under 450nm excitation.
  • Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 are schematic diagrams of the temperature stability of the luminescence spectrum of the composite fluorescent material in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 shows the luminescence spectra of green perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramics at different temperatures. As the temperature changes from 30-150°C, the luminous intensity gradually weakens, but the peak wavelength does not change, and the peak shape remains unchanged.
  • Figure 11 shows the luminescence spectra of the red fluorescent film at different temperatures. As the temperature changes from 30-150°C, the luminous intensity gradually decreases, but the peak wavelength does not change, and the peak shape remains unchanged.
  • composite materials require corresponding temperature control management during use to ensure the color stability of the matching red, green and blue colors.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the color coordinates of the blue LED and the blue LED excited green perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramics and red fluorescent film in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • point A in the figure represents the blue color coordinates of the blue LED chip itself
  • point B represents the color coordinates of the narrow-band green light generated by the blue LED excited green perovskite quantum dot glass-ceramics
  • point C represents the blue LED excitation The narrow-band red light color coordinates produced by the red fluorescent film. It can be seen from Figure 12 that a very wide color gamut can be achieved, reaching 128% of the NTSC color gamut standard.

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Abstract

本发明涉及背光源技术领域，具体公开了一种显示用宽色域背光源，所述背光源包括蓝光LED芯片和复合荧光材料；所述复合荧光材料包括钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃和红色荧光薄膜，所述钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃材料中核心材料为CsPbBr3量子点，用于产生显示用的窄带绿色光谱；所述红色荧光薄膜的核心成分为K2SiF6:Mn4+，用于产生窄带红色光谱；所述显示用宽色域背光源中红绿蓝三基色光谱成分中，所述蓝光LED芯片产生蓝光成分，且所述蓝光LED激发CsPbBr3量子点微晶玻璃产生窄带绿光成分，蓝光LED激发红色荧光薄膜产生窄带红光成分。本发明有效提高了器件整体的发光效率、环境稳定性、增加了使用寿命、降低了使用成本。

Description

一种显示用宽色域背光源 技术领域
本发明涉及背光源技术领域，特别是涉及一种显示用宽色域背光源。
背景技术
LED是一种新型绿色光源，因体积小、节能、环保、寿命长、响应快、安全环保等优点，已经在液晶显示器、背光源、普通照明等诸多领域得到广泛应用。色域覆盖率的定义是显示设备显示的RGB三原色坐标点所围成的三角形的面积占整个CIE色度空间面积的百分比。行业中一般以NTSC(美国国家电视标准委员会)标准来表示，NTSC色域值越高，显示设备能够显示物体的颜色就越鲜艳，越接近真实物体的颜色。因此，开发出色纯度高的荧光材料在制备宽色域背光源中就显得格外重要。
目前显示用宽色域背光源技术还存在以下优缺点：
1、主流的白光LED光源是由蓝光LED芯片搭配YAG:Ce 3+黄色荧光粉构成，但是由于红光和绿光成分不足，造成显色性偏低，色域偏低，只达到NTSC的72％。且近程封装容易造成有机物的黄花老化等严重问题；
2、蓝光、紫外和近紫外LED耦合商用红色和绿色荧光粉技术：传统的Eu3+掺杂的氧化物Y2O3和硫氧化物Y 2O 2S中存在吸收截面小，在紫外或者近紫外激发下量子效率低的问题；近些年开发的Eu 2+掺杂的氮化物CaAlSiN 3和M 2Si 5N8(M＝Ca，Sr，Ba)发射光谱过宽，色纯度不高，不适合应用在显示领域；K 2SiF 6：Mn 4+(KSF:Mn 4+)是最近窄带红色荧光粉研究的热点，通过包覆等手段有效的解决了其耐候性问题，可以极大地提升液晶显示的色域覆盖率。主要的商用绿色荧光粉有：Ce 3+掺杂的Lu 3Al 5O 12(LuAG)、Eu 2+掺杂的Sr 2SiO 4以及β-sialon，但这些绿色荧光粉也存在光谱过宽等问题。利用上述红色荧光粉和绿色荧光粉结合LED芯片得到的色域只有80％NTSC。同样，采用近程的涂覆封装也存在着封装材料易老化的问题；
3、蓝光LED耦合CdSe/ZnS等II-VI族或者InP/ZnS等III-V族核壳结构量子点： 得益于量子点优异的色纯度，这种技术方案获得的产品达到NTSC标准的105％，但是光效差、制备工艺及流程复杂，环境稳定性较差，需进行防湿防氧化处理，使用寿命比较短；
4、全无机卤化物钙钛矿CsPbX 3(X＝Cl，Br，I)量子点材料由于优异的发光特性，例如发光效率高、色纯度高、窄带发射等优点逐渐成为显示领域的研究热点，但是唯一的缺点就是对环境不友好。为提高量子点的稳定性，研究者们采用介孔材料包覆、高分子材料包裹等方法致力于将量子点与外界进行隔离以提升其稳定性。然而，这些方法不能从根本上提高CsPbX 3量子点的稳定性；
量子点荧光微晶玻璃由于具有优异的色彩稳定性和长期材料损伤的耐抗性，在高通量激光照射和热冲击下能够保证良好的发光性能，所以应该微晶玻璃在功率型白光LED领域以及高端显示领域中具有极大的应用前景，因此荧光微晶玻璃转换体的研究成为了热点，国内外许多知名机构均在此从事这方面的研究。量子点玻璃中绿色材料是发光性能最优异的存在，而显示中缺少的红光成分选择可以被蓝光有效激发的KSF:Mn 4+则最佳，这样的耦合方式可以达到NTSC标准的129％。同样重要的一点，选择将荧光复合材料以远程封装方式构建背光源，可以有效降低蓝光波长对有机物材料的影响；
5、目前，电致发光量子点二极管(QLED)和电致发光有机二极管(OLED)技术是量子点玻璃LED背光技术的竞争者，但本技术相对于以上两种显示技术来说有着明显的优势：相比于QLED技术，本发明提出的钙钛矿量子点复合荧光材料作为LED背光源技术与现有的液晶显示技术兼容性最好，工艺、成本、稳定性和使用寿命方面有着巨大的优势；相比于OLED技术，本发明提出的技术思路简单，发光效率高、成本低、性能稳定、使用寿命长。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种显示用宽色域背光源，利用CsPbBr3钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃及KSF荧光薄膜制备的复合荧光材料搭配蓝光LED作为显示用背光源，从而有效提高了器件整体的发光效率、环境稳定性、增加了使用寿命、降低了使用成本。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种显示用宽色域背光源，所述背光源包括蓝光LED芯片和复合荧光材料；
所述复合荧光材料包括钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃和红色荧光薄膜，所述钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃材料中核心材料为CsPbBr 3量子点，用于产生显示用的窄带绿色光谱；所述红色荧光薄膜的核心成分为K 2SiF 6:Mn 4+，用于产生窄带红色光谱；
所述显示用宽色域背光源中红绿蓝三基色光谱成分中，所述蓝光LED芯片产生蓝光成分，且所述蓝光LED激发CsPbBr 3量子点微晶玻璃产生窄带绿光成分，蓝光LED激发红色荧光薄膜产生窄带红光成分。
作为优选方案，所述钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃的发射光谱半高宽窄为20nm-40nm；且所述钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃的发光量子效率为50％-95％。
作为优选方案，所述复合荧光材料封装在LED芯片上。
作为优选方案，所述钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃的玻璃组成材料为硅酸盐、硼硅酸盐、硅铝酸盐、铝硼硅酸盐、磷酸盐、磷硅酸盐、锗酸盐、硅锗酸盐、碲酸盐和铋酸盐中的至少一种。
作为优选方案，所述钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃的发光量子效率可达85％；所述红色荧光薄膜的发光效率可达95％。
作为优选方案，所述复合荧光材料采用远程封装方式。
作为优选方案，所述荧光复合材料中红色荧光玻璃一面正对LED蓝光芯片。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
1、本发明提供的蓝光LED用钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃复合荧光材料的显示用宽色域背光源，与现有LED背光源技术兼容，性能有着显著提升；在钙钛矿量子点玻璃上旋涂红色荧光薄膜形成的复合荧光材料，在实际背光源系统中采用远程封装，有效降低了有机物老化问题。
2、本发明提供的蓝光LED用钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃复合荧光材料的显示用 宽色域背光源，其中涉及的钙钛矿量子荧光玻璃能有效吸收紫外、近紫外和蓝光并能发出高效绿光，其光致发光光谱窄且高度对称，色纯度高，红色荧光薄膜对于近紫外和蓝光也有高效的吸收，且发射窄带红光，色纯度高，通过调整红色荧光薄和量子点微晶玻璃的厚度可以得到多色荧光复合材料，与LED激发光源结合起来，非常适合显示用宽色域背光源。
3、本发明提供的蓝光LED用钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃复合荧光材料的显示用宽色域背光源，所涉及的钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃具有很高的发光量子效率为85％，色纯度高，半峰宽为16nm；所涉及的红色荧光薄膜有很高的发光量子效率为95％，色纯度非常高，半峰宽为8nm。
4、本发明提供的蓝光LED用钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃复合荧光材料的显示用宽色域背光源，所涉及钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃采用的高温固相法，量子点纳米晶均匀镶嵌在玻璃基质中，适合做成多种形状，工艺简单、制备成本低；复合荧光材料中红色荧光薄膜采用的是旋涂法，工艺简单、制备成本低。
5、本发明提供的蓝光LED用钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃复合荧光材料的显示用宽色域背光源，所涉及钙钛矿量子点由于镶嵌在玻璃基体中，不易受到外界环境的影响，故环境稳定性好，不在需要采用核壳或者包覆手段来提升量子点的稳定性，同时延长了使用寿命，降低了制备过程中的成本；宽色域背光源采用了远程封装技术，有效防止了有机荧光薄膜的老化。
6、本发明提供的蓝光LED用钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃复合荧光材料的显示用宽色域背光源，所涉及钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃的光致发光寿命达到～90ns，匹配与LED的响应速度，没有显示中存在的拖尾问题。
综上，应用本发明可有效解决现有显示技术中存在色域低、光效低、性能老化、需要特殊的防护措施以及成本高的问题。结合钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃及红色荧光薄膜的远程封装技术可获得性能优异，适合应用于宽色域、高效率、低成本、稳定性好及响应速度快的显示用LED背光源。
附图说明
图1为蓝光LED、绿色钙钛矿量子点和红色荧光薄膜的发光光谱示意图。
图2为显示器输出的一定比例的红、绿、蓝光谱示意图。
图3为复合荧光材料与LED结合的方式示意图。
图4为绿色钙钛矿量子点的X射线衍图谱。
图5为绿色钙钛矿量子点的高分辨透射电子显微镜图。
图6为量子点微晶玻璃的吸收谱图。
图7为量子点微晶玻璃的发射谱图。
图8为红色荧光薄膜的激发光谱图。
图9为红色荧光薄膜的发射光谱图。
图10为钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃在不同温度下发光光谱图。
图11为红色荧光薄膜在不同温度下发光光谱图。
图12为蓝光LED、蓝光LED激发绿色钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃和红色荧光薄膜的色坐标示意图。
附图标记：
1、蓝光LED；2、反射杯；3、红光荧光薄膜；4、钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃；5、扩散膜；6、增亮膜；7、双增亮膜；8、LCD面板。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明优选实施例提供一种显示用宽色域背光源，所述背光源包括蓝光LED芯片和复合荧光材料；
所述复合荧光材料包括钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃和红色荧光薄膜，所述钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃材料中核心材料为CsPbBr 3量子点，用于产生显示用的窄带绿色光谱；所述红色荧光薄膜的核心成分为K 2SiF 6:Mn 4+，用于产生窄带红色光谱；
所述显示用宽色域背光源中红绿蓝三基色光谱成分中，所述蓝光LED芯片产生蓝光成分，且所述蓝光LED激发CsPbBr 3量子点微晶玻璃产生窄带绿光成分，蓝光LED激发红色荧光薄膜产生窄带红光成分。
本发明的优选实施例中，所述钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃的发射光谱半高宽窄为20nm-40nm；且所述钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃的发光量子效率为50％-95％。
本发明的优选实施例中，所述复合荧光材料封装在LED芯片上。
本发明的优选实施例中，所述钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃的玻璃组成材料为硅酸盐、硼硅酸盐、硅铝酸盐、铝硼硅酸盐、磷酸盐、磷硅酸盐、锗酸盐、硅锗酸盐、碲酸盐和铋酸盐中的至少一种。
本发明的优选实施例中，所述钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃的发光量子效率可达85％；所述红色荧光薄膜的发光效率可达95％。
本发明的优选实施例中，所述复合荧光材料采用远程封装方式。
本发明的优选实施例中，所述荧光复合材料中红色荧光玻璃一面正对LED蓝光芯片。
图1和图2分别为本发明优选实施例中蓝光LED结合复合荧光材料得到背光源的光谱示意图，其中图1为蓝光LED、绿色钙钛矿量子点和红色荧光薄膜的发光光谱示意图，图2为显示器输出的一定比例的红、绿、蓝光谱示意图。如图1和图2所示，红、绿、蓝三种颜色光谱都十分狭窄，每种颜色的色纯度都非常高、有利于光线的充分利用。现有蓝光LED结合的黄色YAG:Ce 3+荧光粉技术以及LED结合的其它红色、绿色荧光粉技术中光谱过宽在彩色滤光片中会造成光谱浪费，而且色纯度不够高、响应速度慢，而本发明优选实施例中提供的蓝光LED结合的复合荧光材料作为背光源技术具有明显的优势。
图3为本发明优选实施例中复合荧光材料与LED结合的方式示意图，依次布置有蓝光LED1、反射杯2、红光荧光薄膜3、钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃4、扩散膜5、增亮膜6、双增亮膜7和LCD面板8；复合荧光材料远程封装在蓝光LED1上，该 封装方式有利于增加散热，同时降低了有机物的热冲击效果。本实施例中的红色荧光薄膜3旋涂在钙钛矿量子微晶玻璃4的一面上，并将红色荧光薄膜3一面正对蓝光LED1，这样降低了绿色钙钛矿量子点对于蓝光光谱的吸收率，使得输出的三基色光谱更加均匀。经过扩散膜5、增亮膜6、双增亮膜7和内含滤波片的LCD面板8,通过液晶光阀和彩色滤光片共同控制输出红光、绿光和蓝光的比例。
图4和图5分别为本发明优选实施例中绿色钙钛矿量子点的X射线衍图谱(和高分辨透射电子显微镜图。本发明优选实施例中采用高温固相法制备绿色钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃，优先选用硼硅酸盐玻璃体系：H 3BO 3 20～30％；SiO 2 20～40％；ZnO 10～20％；Cs 2CO 3 5～15％；Na 2CO 3 5～15％；PbBr 2 10～20％；CsBr 5～15％；将各组分混合研磨均匀后，升温至1050-1150℃，保温10-20分钟后；保温结束后，快速倒入模具中，高温退火，玻璃热处理温度T保温4-10小时，然后降温至室温，取出得到玻璃材料。获得的量子点微晶玻璃继承了钙钛矿量子点优异的光学性质，具有很高的量子效率。更重要的是该材料稳定性良好，制备工艺简单、原材料易得、成本低。
图6为本发明优选实施例中量子点微晶玻璃的吸收谱，图7为量子点微晶玻璃的发射谱。如图6所示，可得短于吸收截止波长的很多波段的光子都可以激发量子点微晶玻璃发光。如图7所示，钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃由于激子发光特性，发射波长不会出现随着激发波长变化而变化的行为，色稳定性优异。发射光谱很窄，为21nm，峰形高度对称，峰值波长在520nm，在450nm下发光量子点效率高达83.2％，发光平均寿命为94.5ns。
图8和图9分别为本发明优选实施例旋涂得到一定厚度的红色荧光薄膜的激发光谱和发射光谱示意图，其中图8为激发光谱，图9为发射光谱。如图8所示，红色荧光薄膜的有效激发波段主要集中在紫外区域和蓝光区域，匹配于当先的蓝光LED芯片。如图9，在450nm蓝光波段激发下，荧光薄膜的发射峰窄而且尖锐有着优异的色纯度，主要的峰值波长为631nm，在450nm激发下发光量子效率为95％。
图10和图11分别为本发明优选实施例中复合荧光材料发光光谱温度稳定性的示意图。如图10所示为绿色钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃在不同温度下发光光谱图，随着温度从30-150℃变化，发光强度逐渐减弱，但峰值波长没有变化，峰形也保持不变。如图11所示为红色荧光薄膜在不同温度下发光光谱图，随着温度从30-150℃变化，发光强度逐渐减弱，但峰值波长没有变化，峰形也保持不变。复合材料随着温度变化要求在使用过程中要有相应的温度控制管理，以保证红、绿蓝三色匹配出的颜色稳定性。
图12为本发明优选实施例中蓝光LED、蓝光LED激发绿色钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃和红色荧光薄膜的色坐标示意图。如图12所示，图中A点表示蓝光LED芯片本身的蓝光色坐标，B点表示蓝光LED激发绿色钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃产生的窄带绿光的色坐标，C点表示蓝光LED激发红光荧光薄膜产生的窄带红光色坐标。由图12可得，可以实现非常宽的色域，达到NTSC色域标准的128％。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和替换，这些改进和替换也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种显示用宽色域背光源，用于显示器的背光源，其特征在于：所述背光源包括蓝光LED芯片和复合荧光材料；
    所述复合荧光材料包括钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃和红色荧光薄膜，所述钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃材料中核心材料为CsPbBr 3量子点，用于产生显示用的窄带绿色光谱；所述红色荧光薄膜的核心成分为K 2SiF 6:Mn 4+，用于产生窄带红色光谱；
    所述显示用宽色域背光源中红绿蓝三基色光谱成分中，所述蓝光LED芯片产生蓝光成分，且所述蓝光LED激发CsPbBr 3量子点微晶玻璃产生窄带绿光成分，蓝光LED激发红色荧光薄膜产生窄带红光成分。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的显示用宽色域背光源的制备方法，其特征在于：所述钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃的发射光谱半高宽窄为20nm-40nm；且所述钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃的发光量子效率为50％-95％。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的显示用宽色域背光源的制备方法，其特征在于:所述复合荧光材料封装在LED芯片上。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的显示用宽色域背光源的制备方法，其特征在于:所述钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃的玻璃组成材料为硅酸盐、硼硅酸盐、硅铝酸盐、铝硼硅酸盐、磷酸盐、磷硅酸盐、锗酸盐、硅锗酸盐、碲酸盐和铋酸盐中的至少一种。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的显示用宽色域背光源的制备方法，其特征在于:所述钙钛矿量子点微晶玻璃的发光量子效率可达85％；所述红色荧光薄膜的发光效率可达95％。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的显示用宽色域背光源的制备方法，其特征在于:所述复合荧光材料采用远程封装方式。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的显示用宽色域背光源的制备方法，其特征在于:所述荧光复合材料中红色荧光玻璃一面正对LED蓝光芯片。
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