WO2021159995A1 - 电池、电池模组、电池包及电动车 - Google Patents

电池、电池模组、电池包及电动车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021159995A1
WO2021159995A1 PCT/CN2021/074818 CN2021074818W WO2021159995A1 WO 2021159995 A1 WO2021159995 A1 WO 2021159995A1 CN 2021074818 W CN2021074818 W CN 2021074818W WO 2021159995 A1 WO2021159995 A1 WO 2021159995A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
sampling
connecting piece
pole core
electrode
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/074818
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何平
郭永明
张中林
周燕飞
刘彦初
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority to US17/798,032 priority Critical patent/US20230113878A1/en
Priority to JP2022548601A priority patent/JP7477622B2/ja
Priority to KR1020227030952A priority patent/KR20220139359A/ko
Priority to EP21753944.4A priority patent/EP4087013A4/en
Publication of WO2021159995A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021159995A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
    • H01M50/191—Inorganic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of battery technology, and specifically relates to a battery, a battery module, a battery pack, and an electric vehicle.
  • This application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related technology at least to a certain extent.
  • a battery including:
  • a housing including a cover plate located at an end of the battery
  • a pole core set the pole core set is located in the housing, and the pole core set includes at least one pole core;
  • a sampling assembly the sampling assembly includes a ceramic seal, a connecting piece and a sampling piece, the ceramic sealing piece is fixed on the cover plate through the connecting piece, the sampling piece is fixed to the ceramic sealing piece, the The first end of the sampling element is connected with the pole core group, and the second end of the sampling element is used for electrically connecting with the battery controller.
  • the plurality of pole core groups are arranged along a first direction and connected in series, and the first direction is the length direction of the battery.
  • the battery further includes:
  • the battery controller is used to collect the information of the pole core group in the battery.
  • the ceramic sealing element is provided with a through hole penetrating the ceramic sealing element, the sampling element is fixed in the through hole, and the first end and the second end of the sampling element are fixed in the through hole. The two ends respectively extend out of the through hole.
  • the connecting piece is welded to the ceramic seal, and the first end of the sampling piece passes through the connecting piece.
  • the cover plate is provided with a first groove
  • the cover plate is provided with a sampling through hole penetrating the cover plate at the first groove
  • the connecting piece is fixed Connected in the first groove, and the first end of the sampling member passes through the sampling through hole.
  • the battery further includes:
  • Connectors which are respectively connected to the second end of the sampling element and the battery controller, so that the sampling element is electrically connected to the battery controller.
  • the connector includes a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, and the second end of the sampling piece is inserted into the first connecting piece and extends into the second connecting piece,
  • the second connecting member is electrically connected with the battery controller; the first connecting member and the second connecting member are connected so that the sampling member is electrically connected with the battery controller.
  • a third connecting member is provided on the second connecting member, and the second end of the sampling member is electrically connected to the battery controller through the third connecting member.
  • the first connecting member is provided with a second connecting member recessed from the first connecting member toward the cover plate facing the first connecting member facing away from the cover plate.
  • a groove, the ceramic sealing element is received in the second groove and connected with the first connecting element.
  • the wall surface of the second groove has a first buckle position protruding radially toward the second groove
  • the surface of the connecting piece facing the ceramic sealing element and the surface of the cover plate facing the ceramic sealing piece have a predetermined distance.
  • the second part of the first part, the second part and the peripheral side of the connecting piece form a first concave portion that is radially recessed toward the connecting piece; the first buckle position is matched with the first concave portion , So that the first connecting member and the ceramic sealing member are connected.
  • the wall surface of the second groove has a first buckle position protruding radially toward the second groove, and the peripheral side of the connecting piece has a radial depression toward the connecting piece
  • the first buckle is matched with the second recess to connect the first connecting piece and the connecting piece.
  • a second buckle position is provided on the outer side of the second connecting member, and a side facing away from the cover plate from the first connecting member is provided on the first connecting member.
  • a third groove recessed toward one surface of the cover plate of the first connecting member, a wall surface of the third groove has a convex portion protruding radially toward the first connecting member, and the second buckle position It is matched with the convex part; when the second connecting piece is inserted into the third groove of the first connecting piece, the second buckle position is locked and fixed with the convex part.
  • the second connecting member is provided with a conductive through hole
  • the third connecting member is penetrated through the conductive through hole
  • the second end of the sampling member is inserted into the first
  • the two connecting pieces extend into the conductive through holes to be electrically connected to the third connecting piece.
  • a packaging film is further provided between the housing and the pole core group, and the pole core group is encapsulated in the packaging film.
  • the pole core set includes a pole core set body and a first electrode and a second electrode electrically connected to the pole core set body for drawing current, and the two pole core sets connected in series
  • the connection between the first electrode of one pole core group and the second electrode of the other pole core group is located in the packaging film.
  • an encapsulation portion is formed at a position relative to the encapsulation film and the first electrode and/or the second electrode to isolate the main bodies of adjacent two-electrode core groups;
  • At least one of the first electrode of one electrode core group and the second electrode of the other electrode core group in the adjacent two electrode core groups is located in the encapsulation part.
  • the packaging film includes a plurality of sub-package films arranged at intervals, and each sub-package film is packaged with a pole core group to form a pole core assembly, and the pole core assemblies are connected in series.
  • a battery module including a plurality of batteries as described in any one of the above.
  • a battery pack which includes a plurality of batteries as described in any one of the above or includes a plurality of battery modules as described above.
  • an electric vehicle which includes the above-mentioned battery module or the above-mentioned battery pack.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a cover plate portion of a battery provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a cover plate part of a battery provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective exploded view of a sampling component part of a battery cover provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of a cover plate part of a battery provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of part M in Fig. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a cover plate portion of a battery provided by another embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of part N in Fig. 9.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a battery provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a battery provided by another embodiment of the application.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery 10, including a casing 100, a pole core assembly 500, and a sampling assembly 300.
  • the casing 100 includes a cover plate 110 located at an end of the battery 10.
  • the cover plate 110 may be one It may also be two, and the sampling assembly 300 may be located on one cover plate 110, or there may be sampling assemblies 300 on both cover plates.
  • the housing 100 includes a side housing with open ends and two cover plates 110 located at the two ends respectively.
  • the two cover plates 110 and the side housing enclose a closed accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity is provided with
  • the pole core assembly 500 (as shown in FIG. 11 )
  • the sampling assembly 300 is located on one of the cover plates 110.
  • the pole core set 500 is located in the housing 100, and the pole core set 500 includes at least one pole core.
  • the sampling assembly 300 includes a ceramic seal 310, a connecting piece 320, and a sampling piece 330.
  • the ceramic sealing piece 310 is fixed on the cover plate 110 through the connecting piece 320
  • the sampling piece 330 is fixed to the ceramic sealing piece 310
  • the sampling piece 330 is fixed to the ceramic sealing piece 310
  • the sampling piece 330 The first end 331 (as shown in FIG. 9) is electrically connected to the electrode core assembly 500 in the battery 10
  • the second end 332 of the sampling element 330 is used to electrically connect to the battery controller 200
  • the sampling element 330 passes through the first end 331
  • the information of the pole core group 500 in the battery 10 is collected, and the information is transmitted to the battery controller 200 through the second terminal 332.
  • the sampling piece 330 is directly fixed on the cover plate 110, and the sealing performance of the connection between the sampling piece 330 and the cover plate 110 is poor.
  • the sampling element 330 on the cover plate 110 it is fixed on the cover plate 110, which can improve the airtightness in the housing 100, and the airtightness of the traditional integrated injection molding structure is difficult to guarantee after long-term aging.
  • the cover plate 110 also has a negative terminal 120.
  • the sampling assembly 300 may also be installed on a cover plate with a positive terminal.
  • the battery further includes a battery controller 200, and the battery controller 200 is used to collect information about the electrode assembly 500 in the battery 10.
  • the information of the pole core assembly 500 includes current, voltage, and temperature information, and the battery controller 200 can also be used to collect air pressure information in the containing cavity.
  • the battery controller 200 can also be used to control and manage the battery according to the information of the pole core assembly 500 collected by the sampling component 300, so as to protect the battery 10 and avoid battery damage.
  • the battery controller 200 is a battery BMS unit, which may include a PCBA hard board.
  • the ceramic sealing member 310 is provided with a through hole 311 penetrating the ceramic sealing member 310, the sampling member 330 is fixed in the through hole 311, and the first end 331 of the sampling member 330 and The second ends 332 respectively extend out of the through holes 311 (as shown in FIG. 9).
  • the sampling member 330 is welded in the through hole 311, specifically brazing.
  • the number of through holes 311 corresponds to the number of sampling parts 330.
  • the through holes 311 are arranged at intervals, so that the sampling parts 330 are arranged at intervals to ensure the insulation between the sampling parts 330.
  • the sampling member 330 is preferably a copper needle with a high temperature resistance of 600-800 degrees.
  • the connecting piece 320 is an aluminum connecting piece.
  • the cover 110 and the connecting member 320 are preferably made of aluminum.
  • the surfaces of the sampling member 330 and the ceramic member 310 contacting each other are provided with a metal layer to improve the conductive connectivity between the two and reduce the contact resistance.
  • the metal layer is a gold layer.
  • the thickness of the metal layer is preferably 0.2 mm.
  • the number of sampling pieces 330 is seven, one of the sampling pieces 330 is used as the negative collection terminal, and the other 6 sampling pieces 330 are used as the positive collection terminals of the 6 pole core groups 500 respectively.
  • the negative terminal and the one collecting positive terminal collect the information of the corresponding pole core group 500. Therefore, in this embodiment, six pole core groups 500 can be sampled at the same time. Of course, it is also possible to sample less than 6 pole core groups 500. In other embodiments, the number of sampling pieces 330 may be 11, and 10 or less pole core groups 500 may be sampled. The number can also be set according to specific needs.
  • the connecting piece 320 is welded to the ceramic seal 310, the first end 331 of the sampling piece 330 passes through the connecting piece 320 (as shown in FIG. 9), and the connecting piece 320 is fixedly connected to the cover plate 110.
  • the connecting piece 320 is in the shape of a ring penetrating in the middle, and the connecting piece 320 and the ceramic sealing member 310 are fixedly connected by brazing.
  • the ceramic sealing piece 310 is brazed on the connecting piece 320, and the connecting piece 320 is laser welded on the cover plate 110, which is compared with directly connecting the sampling piece 330.
  • Welding on the cover plate 110 has higher air tightness, higher support strength, and stronger connection, ensuring the structural drawing strength and tightness requirements of the sampling part 330 and the ceramic sealing part 310.
  • the cover plate 110 is provided with a first groove 111
  • the cover plate 110 is provided with a sampling through hole 112 penetrating the cover plate 110 at the first groove 111
  • a connecting piece 320 It is fixedly connected in the first groove 111, and the first end 331 of the sampling member 330 passes through the sampling through hole 112.
  • the groove 111 is formed inwardly by the cover plate 110 from the surface facing the ceramic sealing member 310 toward the pole core assembly 500.
  • the connecting piece 320 is fixedly connected in the recess 111 by welding.
  • the sampling assembly 300 further includes a sampling line (not shown in the figure), one end of the sampling line is connected to the sampling element 330, and the other end of the sampling line is electrically connected to the electrode core assembly 500.
  • the sampling line can be connected to the pole core assembly 500 through the sampling hole in the side shell.
  • the battery 10 further includes a connector 400, and the connector 400 is respectively connected to the second end 332 of the sampling element 330 and the battery controller 200, so that the sampling element 330 and the battery controller 200 Electric connection.
  • the connector 400 is used to electrically connect the sampling element 330 and the battery controller 200 to improve the electrical connection between the two.
  • the connector 400 includes a first connecting piece 410 and a second connecting piece 420, and the second end 332 of the sampling piece 330 is inserted into the first connecting piece 410 and extends to the second In the connecting piece 420 (as shown in FIG. 9 ), the second connecting piece 420 is electrically connected to the battery controller 200; the first connecting piece 410 and the second connecting piece 420 are connected so that the sampling piece 330 is electrically connected to the battery controller 200.
  • the first connecting member 410 and the second connecting member 420 can be fixedly connected or movably connected.
  • the second connector 420 connected to the battery controller 200 can be fixed on the first connector 410 or separated from the first connector 410 to realize the battery controller 200 and the cover plate.
  • the fixing or separation of the components on the 110 makes it easier to install and disassemble.
  • a third connecting member 430 is provided on the second connecting member 420, and the second end 332 of the sampling member 330 is electrically connected to the battery controller 200 through the third connecting member 430.
  • the third connecting member 330 is a wire.
  • the first connecting piece 410 and the second connecting piece 420 are made of plastic glue
  • the third connecting piece 330 is a metal wire
  • the third connecting piece 330 is thermoplastic on the second connecting piece 420.
  • the first connecting member 410 is provided with a first connecting member 410 facing the cover 110 facing the first connecting member 410 facing away from the cover 110 and recessed.
  • Two grooves 414, the ceramic sealing member 310 is received in the second groove 414 and connected with the first connecting member 410. It can also be said that the first connecting member 410 covers the ceramic sealing member 310 in the second groove 414.
  • the wall surface of the second groove 414 has a first buckle position 411 protruding radially toward the second groove 414; the surface of the connecting piece 320 facing the ceramic seal 310 and the cover plate 110 facing the ceramic seal
  • One side of the piece 310 has a preset distance H.
  • the connecting piece 320 is not flush with the cover plate 110 and protrudes from the surface of the cover plate 110.
  • the ceramic seal 310 includes a first part 312 superimposed and connected to the connecting piece 320 and a second part 313 surrounding the first part 312.
  • the second part 313 and the peripheral side of the connecting piece 320 form a first recess 314 that is radially depressed toward the connecting piece 320.
  • the first buckle position 411 is matched with the first recess 314 to connect the first connecting member 410 and the ceramic sealing member 310, thereby connecting the first connecting member 410 with the cover 110.
  • the wall surface of the second groove 414 has a first buckle position 411 protruding radially toward the second groove 414, and the peripheral side of the connecting piece 320 has a connection
  • the second concave portion 321 of the sheet 320 is radially recessed, and the first buckling position 411 is matched with the second concave portion 321 to connect the first connecting member 410 and the connecting sheet 320.
  • the first connecting piece 410 and the connecting piece 320 are clamped and connected to and fixed by the first buckling position 411 and the second concave portion 321, thereby connecting the first connecting piece 410 and the cover 110.
  • a second buckle position 421 is provided on the outer side of the second connecting member 420, and the first connecting member 410 is provided with a side facing away from the cover 110 from the first connecting member 410.
  • a third groove 412 recessed on a side of the connecting member 410 facing the cover 110. The third groove 412 is formed by recessing the side of the first connecting member 410 away from the cover plate 110 and facing the cover plate 110.
  • the wall surface of the third groove 412 has a convex portion 413 protruding radially toward the first connecting piece 410, and the second buckling position 421 is matched with the convex portion 413; when the second connecting piece 420 is inserted into the first connecting piece 410
  • the third groove 412 is in the third groove 412, the second locking position 421 and the convex portion 413 are locked and fixed.
  • the first connecting member 410 and the second connecting member 420 are locked and fixed with the convex portion 413 through the second locking position 421.
  • the first connecting piece 410 and the connecting piece 320 are clamped and connected by the first buckling position 411 and the first recess 314, and the second connecting piece 420 and the first connecting piece 410 are clamped and connected by the second buckling position.
  • the 421 and the convex part 413 are clamped and connected, and can fix the sampling member 330 at the same time.
  • the first connecting member 410 is connected to the cover 110 through the connecting member 320
  • the second connecting member 420 is connected to the battery controller 200 to facilitate the cover 110 Docking and disassembling with the battery controller 200.
  • the second connecting member 420 is provided with a conductive through hole 422, the third connecting member 430 is inserted through the conductive through hole 422, and the second end 332 of the sampling member 330 is inserted
  • the second connecting member 420 extends into the conductive through hole 422 to be electrically connected to the third connecting member 430.
  • the sampling piece 330 is electrically connected to the third connecting piece 430 in the conductive through hole 422, so as to realize the transmission of the information of the electrode assembly 500 in the battery to the battery control ⁇ 200.
  • each pole core group 500 contains at least one pole core.
  • there are three pole core groups 500 (as shown in FIG. 11 ), and the three pole core groups 500 are arranged along the first direction A and connected in series. In other embodiments, the number of pole core groups 500 can be set according to actual needs.
  • a packaging film 600 is further provided between the housing 100 and the pole core assembly 500, and the pole core assembly 500 is encapsulated in the packaging film 600.
  • each pole core group 500 is a soft-coated pole core group 500, that is, the pole core group 500 is sealed with an outer packaging film 600.
  • the preferred sealing material of the packaging film 600 is PET and PP composite film or aluminum-plastic film.
  • the soft-clad electrode core assembly 500 will expand after being divided into a volume.
  • the housing 100 is generally encapsulated with an aluminum shell.
  • the cavity inside the packaging film 600 needs to be pumped under negative pressure to constrain the soft-clad electrode core assembly 500, so the packaging film
  • the accommodating cavity in 600 has air tightness requirements.
  • fixing the sampling piece 330 on the cover plate 110 through the ceramic piece 310 and the connecting piece 320 can improve the airtightness of the connection between the cover plate 100 and the sampling piece 330.
  • the housing 100 is a metal housing
  • the pole core assembly 500 is first encapsulated in the packaging film 600
  • the metal shell 100 is sheathed on the packaging film 600, thereby realizing the two pole core assembly 500
  • the secondary packaging improves the sealing performance of the battery 10. It can be understood that electrolyte solution is also injected into the packaging film 600. Therefore, through the above method, the contact of the electrolyte with the metal casing 100 can also be avoided, and the corrosion of the metal casing 100 or the decomposition of the electrolyte can be avoided.
  • the pole core set 500 includes a pole core set main body 510, and a first electrode 520 and a second electrode 530 electrically connected to the pole core set main body 510 for drawing current.
  • the two pole core sets 500 connected in series
  • the junction between the first electrode 520 of one of the pole core groups 500 and the second electrode 530 of the other pole core group 500 is located in the packaging film 600.
  • the packaging film 600 is integrally arranged, and multiple pole core groups 500 are encapsulated in the same packaging film 600.
  • multiple pole cores in the same pole core set 500 are connected in parallel, and the pole core sets 500 are connected in parallel. Connected in series, which can increase the capacity of the battery and reduce the manufacturing cost.
  • each of the pole core groups 500 includes a first electrode 520 and a second electrode 530 for drawing current. If the pole core group 500 contains only one pole core The first electrode 520 and the second electrode 530 may be the positive electrode ear and the negative electrode ear of the pole core respectively or the negative electrode ear or the positive electrode ear respectively. If multiple pole cores are included, the first electrode 520 and the second electrode lead-out part 530 may be electrode leads.
  • the "first" and "second" in the first electrode 520 and the second electrode 530 are only used for name distinction, and not for limiting the number.
  • the first electrode 520 may contain one or more.
  • the negative pressure in the metal casing 100 can effectively prevent the movement of the plurality of electrode core groups 500 in the metal casing 100 and improve the safety performance of the battery 100.
  • the encapsulation part 540 is formed at the position of the encapsulation film 600 opposite to the first electrode 520 and/or the second electrode 530 to isolate the main body 510 of the adjacent two-pole core group; At least one of the first electrode 520 of the group 500 and the second electrode 530 of the other electrode core group 500 is located in the package part 540.
  • the encapsulation part 540 isolates the plurality of pole core groups 500 to prevent the electrolyte between the plurality of pole core sets 500 from flowing mutually, and the plurality of pole core sets 500 will not affect each other, and the plurality of pole core sets 500 The electrolyte will not decompose due to excessive potential difference, ensuring the safety and service life of the battery.
  • the packaging part 540 can be implemented in various manners.
  • the packaging film 600 can be fastened by a cable tie to form the packaging part 540, or the packaging film 600 can be directly thermally fused to form the packaging part 540.
  • the specific manner of the packaging portion 540 is not particularly limited.
  • a plurality of pole core groups 500 may share the same packaging film 600.
  • a packaging part 540 is provided between each pole core group 500, wherein the packaging part 540 may be a counter electrode core group 500.
  • the packaging film 600 between is formed by thermal fusion connection.
  • the pole core group 500 has a first electrode 520 and a second electrode 530.
  • the series pole core sets 500 can be placed in the package.
  • the packaging film 600 On a part of the film 600, then another part of the packaging film 600 is folded in half toward the pole core group 500, and then the two parts of the packaging film 600 are heat-melted and sealed by a heat-melting process, thereby connecting the pole cores connected in series.
  • the group 500 is packaged in the same packaging film 600, and the packaging film 600 located in the upper and lower regions between the pole core groups 500 is also hot-melt extruded to form a single piece, thereby forming a diaphragm between the pole core groups 500.
  • the pole core group 500 is spaced apart.
  • the packaging film 600 includes a plurality of sub packaging films 610 arranged at intervals, and each sub packaging film 610 is packaged with a pole core group 500 to form a pole core assembly. In series.
  • the number of sub-encapsulation films 610 corresponds to the number of pole-core groups 500 one-to-one, and each pole-core group 500 is individually encapsulated in a sub-encapsulation film 610.
  • the preparation of multiple pole-core groups 500 is completed. After that, a sub-encapsulation film 610 can be separately sleeved outside each pole core group 500, and then the pole core components are connected in series.
  • the sub-encapsulation films 610 of the plurality of pole core groups are independent of each other, that is, each pole core group uses a sub-encapsulation film 610 to encapsulate the corresponding pole core group 500.
  • the first electrode 520 of the pole core group 500 and The second electrodes 530 are respectively led out from both ends of the pole core group 500 along the first direction A.
  • each pole core group 500 is connected in series through the first electrode 520 and the second electrode 530 drawn out.
  • a plurality of pole core groups 500 are connected in series in the casing 100 of the battery 10.
  • the plurality of pole core groups 500 are likely to move in the casing 100. Relative displacement between the pole core group 500 and the pole core set 500 or between the pole core and the pole core will cause damage to the pole core, for example, the current collector is broken, the diaphragm is wrinkled, the active material layer on the pole piece falls off, and the battery is stable Poor sex and prone to safety issues.
  • the air pressure between the metal housing 100 and the packaging film 600 is lower than the air pressure outside the metal housing 100.
  • air pressure is an abbreviation for atmospheric pressure. It is the atmospheric pressure acting on a unit area, which is equal to the weight of a vertical air column extending up to the upper boundary of the atmosphere per unit area.
  • the air pressure between the metal housing 100 and the packaging film 600 is also the air pressure in the space between the metal housing 100 and the packaging film 600.
  • the air pressure is lower than the air pressure outside the metal housing 100. Therefore, in the embodiments of the present application, ,
  • the metal shell 100 and the packaging film 600 are in a negative pressure state, so the metal shell 100 is dented or deformed under the action of atmospheric pressure, and the gap between the metal shell 100 and the pole core assembly 500 is reduced accordingly.
  • the space for the pole core group 500 to move or the mutual displacement is reduced, thereby reducing the movement of the pole core set 500 and the relative displacement between the pole core sets 500, and improving the stability of the battery 100 and the battery 100
  • the strength of the battery and the safety performance of the battery 100 is also the air pressure in the space between the metal housing 100 and the packaging film 600.
  • the air pressure is lower than the air pressure outside the metal housing 100. Therefore, in the embodiments of the present application, ,
  • the metal shell 100 and the packaging film 600 are in a negative pressure state,
  • the space between the metal casing 100 and the packaging film 600 can be evacuated to make the metal casing 100 and the packaging film 600 in a negative pressure state, thereby making the metal casing 100 and the internal
  • the pole core assembly 500 is as close as possible to reduce internal voids, prevent the pole core from moving in the metal shell, and at the same time prevent relative displacement between the pole cores, and reduce the occurrence of damage to the current collector, wrinkles of the diaphragm, and shedding of active materials. Improve the mechanical strength of the entire battery, extend the service life of the battery, and improve the safety performance of the battery.
  • the air pressure P1 between the metal casing 100 and the packaging film 600 wherein the value of P1 can be in the range of -100Kpa to -5Kpa, and further, the value of P1 can be in the range of -75Kpa to -20Kpa .
  • the index of P1 can be set according to actual needs.
  • the air pressure in the packaging film 600 is P2, where the relationship between P1 and P2 satisfies: P1>P2, and the range of P1/P2 is 0.05-0.85.
  • the value of P2 can be from -100Kpa to -20Kpa.
  • the pole core assembly 500 in the present technology adopts a secondary sealing mode.
  • the battery pole core assembly 500 is first encapsulated in the packaging film 600
  • the air pressure between the metal casing 100 and the packaging film 600 is greater than the air pressure in the packaging film 600.
  • the interface between the battery pole pieces is ensured, and the gap between the pole pieces is avoided. Lithium ions can conduct better.
  • the air pressure in the packaging film 600 is lower than the air pressure between the metal casing 100 and the packaging film 600.
  • the present application also provides a battery module, including a plurality of batteries as described in any one of the above.
  • the present application also provides a battery pack, which includes a plurality of batteries as described above or includes a plurality of battery modules as described above.
  • the application also provides an electric vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned battery module or the above-mentioned battery pack.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality of” means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , Or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • installed can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , Or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • the first feature “on” or “under” the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or the first and second features may be indirectly through an intermediary. touch.
  • the "above”, “above” and “above” of the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature.
  • the “below”, “below” and “below” of the second feature of the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池(10)，包括壳体(100)、极芯组(500)以及采样组件(300)，所述壳体(100)包括位于电池(10)一端的盖板(110)，极芯组(500)位于壳体(100)内；所述采样组件(300)包括陶瓷密封件(310)、连接片(320)以及采样件(330)，所述陶瓷密封件(310)通过所述连接片(320)固定在所述盖板(110)上，所述采样件(330)固定于所述陶瓷密封件(310)，所述采样件(330)的第一端与所述电池中的极芯组(500)连接，所述采样件(330)的第二端用于与电池控制器(200)电连接。

Description

电池、电池模组、电池包及电动车
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求比亚迪股份有限公司于2020年2月12日提交的、发明名称为“电池、电池模组、电池包及电动车”的、中国专利申请号“202010089319.1”的优先权。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体涉及一种电池、电池模组、电池包及电动车。
背景技术
随着新能源汽车的不断普及，对新能源汽车中动力电池的使用要求变得越来越高。在动力电池包在使用过程中，电池内部的温度会升高，因此需要实时监测电池内部温度，以免温度过高造成爆炸。因此，当采用多个极芯组形成动力电池时，一般需要及时得到极芯组在电流、电压、温度等方面的信息，以更好的进行动力电池的管理；但是，由于各极芯组处于动力电池的内部，动力电池的壳体密封后，就不能实时采集动力电池内部的极芯组的电压、电流、温度等信号，而现有技术中将采样针直接固定在盖板上会降低壳体内部的气密性。所以，如何对电池内部的多个极芯组进行信号采集同时保证气密性是制作动力电池需要解决的一个难题。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。
为此，在本申请的第一个方面，提供一种电池，所述电池包括：
壳体，所述壳体包括位于电池端部的盖板；
极芯组，所述极芯组位于所述壳体内，所述极芯组包括至少一个极芯；
采样组件，所述采样组件包括陶瓷密封件、连接片以及采样件，所述陶瓷密封件通过所述连接片固定在所述盖板上，所述采样件固定于所述陶瓷密封件，所述采样件的第一端与所述极芯组连接，所述采样件的第二端用于与电池控制器电连接。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述极芯组为多个，多个极芯组沿第一方向排布并串联连接，所述第一方向为电池的长度方向。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述电池还包括：
电池控制器，所述电池控制器用于收集所述电池中的极芯组的信息。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述陶瓷密封件上设有贯穿所述陶瓷密封件的通孔，所述 采样件固定在所述通孔中，且所述采样件的第一端和第二端分别延伸出所述通孔。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述连接片与所述陶瓷密封件焊接，所述采样件的第一端穿过所述连接片。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述盖板上设有第一凹槽，所述盖板于所述第一凹槽处设有贯穿所述盖板的采样通孔，所述连接片固定连接在第一凹槽中，所述采样件的第一端穿过所述采样通孔。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述电池还包括：
连接器，所述连接器分别连接所述采样件的第二端和所述电池控制器，而使所述采样件与所述电池控制器电连接。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述连接器包括第一连接件和第二连接件，所述采样件的第二端插入所述第一连接件并延伸至所述第二连接件中，所述第二连接件与所述电池控制器电连接；所述第一连接件和所述第二连接件连接而使所述采样件与所述电池控制器电连接。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述第二连接件上设有第三连接件，所述采样件的第二端通过所述第三连接件与所述电池控制器电连接。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述第一连接件上设有自所述第一连接件朝向所述盖板的一面向所述第一连接件背离所述盖板的一面凹陷的第二凹槽，所述陶瓷密封件收容于所述第二凹槽中并与所述第一连接件连接。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述第二凹槽的壁面具有向所述第二凹槽径向凸出的第一卡扣位；
所述连接片朝向所述陶瓷密封件的表面与所述盖板朝向所述陶瓷密封件的一面具有预设距离，所述陶瓷密封件包括与所述连接片重合连接的第一部分和环绕所述第一部分的第二部分，所述第二部分与所述连接片的周侧构成向所述连接片径向凹陷的第一凹部；所述第一卡扣位与所述第一凹部相适配，以使所述第一连接件和所述陶瓷密封件连接。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述第二凹槽的壁面具有向所述第二凹槽径向凸出的第一卡扣位，所述连接片的周侧具有向连接片径向凹陷的第二凹部，所述第一卡扣位与所述第二凹部相适配，以使所述第一连接件和所述连接片连接。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述第二连接件的外侧设有第二卡扣位，所述第一连接件上设有自所述第一连接件背离所述盖板的一面向所述第一连接件朝向所述盖板的一面凹陷的第三凹槽，所述第三凹槽的壁面具有朝向所述第一连接件径向凸出的凸部，所述第二卡扣位与所述凸部相适配；当所述第二连接件插入所述第一连接件的第三凹槽中时，所述第二卡扣位与所述凸部卡合固定。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述第二连接件中设有导电通孔，所述第三连接件穿设在所述导电通孔中，所述采样件的第二端插入所述第二连接件并延伸至所述导电通孔中而与所述第三连接件电连接。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述壳体与所述极芯组之间还设有封装膜，所述极芯组封装在所述封装膜内。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述极芯组包括极芯组主体以及与极芯组主体电连接用于引出电流的第一电极和第二电极，串联连接的两个极芯组中的其中一个极芯组的第一电极和另外一个极芯组的第二电极的连接处位于所述封装膜内。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述封装膜与所述第一电极和/或所述第二电极相对位置形成有封装部以将相邻两极芯组主体隔离；
相邻两极芯组中的一个极芯组的第一电极和另一个极芯组的第二电极中的至少之一位于所述封装部内。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，所述封装膜包括多个间隔设置子封装膜，每个所述子封装膜内封装有一个极芯组以形成极芯组件，所述极芯组件间串联。
在本申请的第二个方面，提供一种电池模组，包括多个如上述任意一项所述的电池。
在本申请的第三个方面，提供一种电池包，包括多个如上述任意一项所述的电池或者包括多个上面所述的电池模组。
在本申请的第四个方面，提供一种电动车，包括上面所述的电池模组或上面所述的电池包。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1为本申请一实施例提供的一种电池的结构示意图。
图2为本申请一实施例提供的一种电池的盖板部分的立体示意图。
图3为本申请一实施例提供的一种电池的盖板部分的立体分解图。
图4为本申请一实施例提供的一种电池的盖板上采样组件部分的立体分解图。
图5为本申请一实施例提供的一种电池的盖板部分的主视图。
图6为图5中的B-B剖视图。
图7为图5中的C-C剖视图。
图8为图7中M部分的放大图。
图9为本申请另一实施例提供的一种电池的盖板部分的剖视图。
图10为图9中N部分的放大图。
图11为本申请一实施例提供的一种电池的剖面图。
图12为本申请另一实施例提供的一种电池的剖面图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
请参阅图1，本申请一实施例提供一种电池10，包括壳体100、极芯组500以及采样组件300，壳体100包括位于电池10端部的盖板110，盖板110可以为一个也可以为两个，采样组件300可以位于一个盖板110上，也可以两个盖板上都有采样组件300。在本实施例中，壳体100包括两端开口的侧壳体及分别位于两端的两个盖板110，两个盖板110与侧壳体围成封闭的容纳腔，在容纳腔内设有极芯组500(如图11所示)，采样组件300位于其中一个盖板110上。所述极芯组500位于壳体100内，所述极芯组500包括至少一个极芯。
请参阅图4，采样组件300包括陶瓷密封件310、连接片320以及采样件330，陶瓷密封件310通过连接片320固定在盖板110上，采样件330固定于陶瓷密封件310，采样件330的第一端331(如图9所示)与电池10中的极芯组500电连接，采样件330的第二端332用于与电池控制器200电连接，采样件330通过第一端331采集电池10中的极芯组500的信息，并通过第二端332将信息传送给电池控制器200。
现有技术中，将采样件330直接固定在盖板110上，采样件330和盖板110的连接处的密封性较差，本申请中，通过陶瓷密封件310和连接片320将采样件330固定在盖板110上，其相较于直接将采样件330固定在盖板110上，可提高壳体100内的气密性，并且传统的一体注塑结构长期老化后气密性难以保证。
请参阅图3，在本实施例中，所述盖板110上还有负极端子120，在其他实施例中，采样组件300也可以是安装在具有正极端子的盖板上。
请参阅图2，在进一步的实施例中，电池还包括电池控制器200,电池控制器200用于收集电池10中的极芯组500的信息。所述极芯组500的信息包括电流、电压、温度信息，电池控制器200还可用于收集容纳腔内的气压信息等。电池控制器200还可用于根据采样组件300采集到的极芯组500的信息对电池进行控制管理，以保护电池10，避免电池损坏。
在本实施例中，电池控制器200为电池BMS单元，可以含有PCBA硬板。
请再次参阅图4，在进一步的实施例中，陶瓷密封件310上设有贯穿陶瓷密封件310的通孔311，采样件330固定在通孔311中，且采样件330的第一端331和第二端332分别延伸出通孔311(如图9所示)。在本实施例中，采样件330焊接在通孔311中，具体为钎焊。其中通孔311的个数与采样件330的个数对应，在本申请中，通孔311之间间隔设置，进而使得各采样件330之间间隔设置，保证采样件330之间的绝缘性。
在本申请中，所述采样件330优选为耐高温600-800度的铜针。连接片320为铝连接片。盖板110和连接件320优选为铝材质。
在进一步的实施例中，采样件330与陶瓷件310相接触的表面均设有金属层，以提高两者之间的导电连接性，减小接触阻抗。优选的，所述金属层为金层。所述金属层的厚度优选为0.2mm。
需要说明的是，在本实施例中采样件330个数为7个，其中一个采样件330作为采集负端，另外6个采样件330作为分别作为6个极芯组500的采集正端，采集负端和1个采集正端采集对应的极芯组500的信息，因此，本实施例中可同时对6个极芯组500进行采样。当然也可对少于6个的极芯组500进行采样。在其他实施例中，采样件330个数可以为11个，可对少于等于10个极芯组500进行采样。数量还可以根据具体需要来设置。
在进一步的实施例中，连接片320与陶瓷密封件310焊接，采样件330的第一端331穿过连接片320(如图9所示)，连接片320与盖板110固定连接。其中连接片320为中间贯穿的圈型，连接片320与陶瓷密封件310通过钎焊固定连接。
本申请中，优选将采样件330钎焊在陶瓷密封件310上，陶瓷密封件310钎焊在连接片320上，连接片320激光焊接在盖板110上，其相较于直接将采样件330焊接在盖板110上，气密性更高，支撑强度更高，连接更牢固，保证采样件330与陶瓷密封件310的结构拉拔强度和密封性要求。
请再次参阅图4，在进一步的实施例中，盖板110上设有第一凹槽111，盖板110于第一凹槽111处设有贯穿盖板110的采样通孔112，连接片320固定连接在第一凹槽111中，采样件330的第一端331穿过采样通孔112。在本实施例中，所述凹槽111通过盖板110自朝向所述陶瓷密封件310的一面向朝向极芯组500的一面内凹形成。连接片320通过焊接固定连接在凹部111中。
在进一步的实施例中，采样组件300还包括采样线(图未示出)，采样线的一端连接采样件330，采样线的另一端电连接极芯组500。其中采样线可通过侧壳体中采样孔连接极芯组500。
请再次参阅图2，在进一步的实施例中，电池10还包括连接器400，连接器400分别连接采样件330的第二端332和电池控制器200，而使采样件330与电池控制器200电连接。 通过连接器400来使采样件330和电池控制器200电连接，提高两者的导电连接性。
请参阅图5至图9，在进一步的实施例中，连接器400包括第一连接件410和第二连接件420，采样件330的第二端332插入第一连接件410并延伸至第二连接件420中(如图9所示)，第二连接件420与电池控制器200电连接；第一连接件410和第二连接件420连接而使采样件330与电池控制器200电连接。其中第一连接件410和第二连接件420可固定连接或者活动连接。当两者采用活动连接方式时，可使与电池控制器200连接的第二连接件420固定在第一连接件410上或者从第一连接件410上分离，以实现电池控制器200与盖板110上的组件的固定或者分离，更便于安装和拆卸。
请参阅图9，在进一步的实施例中，第二连接件420上设有第三连接件430，采样件330的第二端332通过第三连接件430与电池控制器200电连接。其中，第三连接件330为导线。在本实施例中，第一连接件410和第二连接件420采用塑料胶制成，第三连接件330为金属导线，第三连接件330热塑在第二连接件420上。
请参阅图7和图8，在进一步的实施例中，第一连接件410上设有自第一连接件410朝向盖板110的一面向第一连接件410背离盖板110的一面凹陷的第二凹槽414，陶瓷密封件310收容于第二凹槽414中并与第一连接件410连接。也可以说第一连接件410将所述陶瓷密封件310罩设在第二凹槽414中。
在进一步的实施例中，第二凹槽414的壁面具有向第二凹槽414径向凸出的第一卡扣位411；连接片320朝向陶瓷密封件310的表面与盖板110朝向陶瓷密封件310的一面具有预设距离H。也就是说，连接片320与盖板110不平齐，自盖板110的表面上凸出。陶瓷密封件310包括与连接片320重合连接的第一部分312和环绕第一部分312的第二部分313，第二部分313与连接片320的周侧构成向连接片320径向凹陷的第一凹部314；第一卡扣位411与第一凹部314相适配，以使第一连接件410和陶瓷密封件310连接，进而将第一连接件410与盖板110连接。
请参阅图9和图10，在另一些实施例中，第二凹槽414的壁面具有向第二凹槽414径向凸出的第一卡扣位411，连接片320的周侧具有向连接片320径向凹陷的第二凹部321，第一卡扣位411与第二凹部321相适配，以使第一连接件410和连接片320连接。第一连接件410和连接片320通过第一卡扣位411和第二凹部321卡和连接固定，进而将第一连接件410与盖板110连接。
请参阅图6，在进一步的实施例中，第二连接件420的外侧设有第二卡扣位421，第一连接件410上设有自第一连接件410背离盖板110的一面向第一连接件410朝向盖板110的一面凹陷的第三凹槽412。其中第三凹槽412为第一连接件410背离盖板110的一面相朝向盖板110的一面凹陷形成。第三凹槽412的壁面具有朝向第一连接件410径向凸出的凸 部413，第二卡扣位421与凸部413相适配；当第二连接件420插入第一连接件410的第三凹槽412中时，第二卡扣位421与凸部413卡合固定。也就是说，第一连接件410和第二连接件420通过第二卡扣位421与凸部413卡合固定。
在本实施例中，第一连接件410和连接片320之间通过第一卡扣位411和第一凹部314卡和连接，第二连接件420和第一连接件410通过第二卡扣位421和凸部413卡和连接，同时能够固定采样件330，第一连接件410通过连接件320又与盖板110连接，第二连接件420与电池控制器200连接，进而可方便盖板110与电池控制器200之间的对接和拆卸。
请参阅5和图9，在进一步的实施例中，第二连接件420中设有导电通孔422，第三连接件430穿设在导电通孔422中，采样件330的第二端332插入第二连接件420并延伸至导电通孔422中而与第三连接件430电连接。当第二连接件420卡和在第一连接件410中时，采样件330在导电通孔422中与第三连接件430电连接，进而实现将电池中极芯组500的信息传输给电池控制器200。
在进一步的实施例中，所述极芯组500为多个，多个极芯组500沿第一方向A排布并串联连接，第一方向A为电池10的长度方向。每个极芯组500至少含有一个极芯。在一实施例中，极芯组500为3个(如图11所示)，3个极芯组500沿第一方向A排布并串联连接。在其他实施例中，极芯组500的个数可根据实际需要来设置。
请参阅图11，在进一步的实施例中，壳体100与极芯组500之间还设有封装膜600，极芯组500封装在封装膜600内。在本申请中，每个极芯组500为软包极芯组500，即极芯组500密封外包封装膜600，优选的封装膜600采用的密封材质为PET和PP复合膜或铝塑膜。而采用软包极芯组500分容化成后会膨胀，壳体100一般用铝壳进行封装，封装膜600内部的腔体需要抽负压对软包极芯组500进行约束，因此对封装膜600内的容纳腔有气密性要求。在本申请中，将采样件330通过陶瓷件310和连接片320固定盖板110上的，可提高盖板100与采样件330连接处的气密性。
在本实施例中，所述壳体100为金属壳体，将极芯组500先封装在封装膜600内，在封装膜600外套设金属壳体100，由此实现对极芯组500的二次封装，提高电池10的密封性能。可以理解的是，封装膜600内还注入有电解液。因此，通过上述方式，还可以避免电解液与金属壳体100的接触，避免金属壳体100的腐蚀或者电解液的分解。
在一些实施方式中，极芯组500包括极芯组主体510以及与极芯组主体510电连接用于引出电流的第一电极520和第二电极530，串联连接的两个极芯组500中的其中一个极芯组500的第一电极520和另外一个极芯组500的第二电极530的连接处位于封装膜600内。
换句话说，封装膜600一体设置，多个极芯组500封装在同一个封装膜600内，在本实施例中，同一个极芯组500中的多个极芯并联，极芯组500间串联，由此可以提高电池的 容量，减少制造成本。
需要说明的是，本实施例的串联方式可以为相邻极芯组500间串联连接，实现的具体方式可以为相邻极芯组500上的第一电极520和第二电极530直接连接，也可以是通过额外的导电部件实现电连接，一般每个所述极芯组500均包括用于引出电流的第一电极520和第二电极530，如果极芯组500仅含有一个极芯的情况下，第一电极520和第二电极530可以分别为极芯的正极耳和负极耳或者分别为负极耳或正极耳。如果含有多个极芯的情况下，第一电极520和第二电极引出部件530可以为电极引线。第一电极520和第二电极530中的“第一”和“第二”仅用于名称区分，并不用于限定数量，例如第一电极520可以含有一个也可以含有多个。
当金属壳体100内含有多个极芯组500，金属壳体100内负压，可以有效的避免多个极芯组500在金属壳体100内的窜动，提高电池100的安全性能。
在上述实施方式中，封装膜600与第一电极520和/或第二电极530相对位置形成有封装部540以将相邻两极芯组主体510隔离；相邻两极芯组500中的一个极芯组500的第一电极520和另一个极芯组500的第二电极530中的至少之一位于封装部540内。通过封装部540将多个极芯组500之间隔离，避免多个极芯组500间的电解液互相流通，多个极芯组500之间不会相互影响，且多个极芯组500中的电解液不会因电位差过大而分解，保证电池的安全性和使用寿命。
封装部540可以多种实施方式，例如可以采用扎带将封装膜600扎紧形成封装部540，也可以直接将封装膜600热熔融连接形成封装部540。封装部540的具体方式不作特殊限定。
在该种实现方式中，多个极芯组500可以是共用同一张封装膜600，此时各极芯组500之间设置有封装部540，其中，该封装部540可以是对极芯组500之间的封装膜600进行热熔连接形成。具体而言，极芯组500具有第一电极520和第二电极530。在对极芯组500进行封装之前，先将多个极芯组500进行串联，然后利用一张封装膜600将串联的极芯组500包裹起来，比如可以将串联的极芯组500放置于封装膜600的一部分区域上，然后将封装膜600的另一部分区域朝向极芯组500的方向对折，之后通过热熔处理将两部分区域的封装膜600进行热熔密封，由此将串联的极芯组500封装在同一封装膜600内，并且也将位于极芯组500之间的上下两部分区域的封装膜600热熔挤压以连成一片，从而在极芯组500之间形成隔膜，用以间隔极芯组500。
请参阅图12，在本申请的另一些实施方式中，封装膜600包括多个间隔设置子封装膜610，每个子封装膜610内封装有一个极芯组500以形成极芯组件，极芯组件间串联。
换句话说，子封装膜610的数量与极芯组500的数量一一对应，每个极芯组500单独封装在一个子封装膜610，该种实施方式，在多个极芯组500制备完成后，可在每个极芯组 500外单独套一个子封装膜610，然后极芯组件再串联。
多个极芯组的子封装膜610为相互独立，即每个极芯组单独采用一张子封装膜610对相应的极芯组500进行封装，此时极芯组500的第一电极520和第二电极530分别沿第一方向A从极芯组500的两端引出。各极芯组500在子封装膜610封装极芯组500之后，通过引出的第一电极520和第二电极530实现串联。
在本申请中，为提高电池的容量，在电池10的壳体100内串联有多个极芯组500，在振动、颠簸情况下，多个极芯组500容易在壳体100里窜动，极芯组500与极芯组500之间或者极芯与极芯之间会发生相对位移，对极芯产生损伤，例如，集流体破损，隔膜打皱、极片上活性材料层脱落，电池的稳定性较差，也容易发生安全问题。
因此，在进一步的实施例中，金属壳体100和封装膜600之间的气压低于金属壳体100外的气压。
在本申请中，“气压”是大气压强的简称。是作用在单位面积上的大气压力，即等于单位面积上向上延伸到大气上界的垂直空气柱的重量。
金属壳体100和封装膜600之间的气压也即位于金属壳体100和封装膜600之间的空间内的气压，该气压低于金属壳体100外的气压，因此，本申请实施例中，金属壳体100和封装膜600之间为负压状态，由此金属壳体100在大气压的作用下发生凹陷或变形，则金属壳体100和极芯组500之间的间隙随之减小，极芯组500发生窜动或者相互之间发生位移的空间减小，进而可以减少极芯组500的窜动以及极芯组500之间的相对位移，提高电池100的稳定性，以及电池100的强度以及电池100安全性能。
例如，可以通过对金属壳体100和封装膜600之间的空间进行抽气处理，以使金属壳体100和封装膜600之间为负压状态，由此可以使得金属壳体100和内部的极芯组500尽量贴近，减少内部空隙，防止极芯在金属壳体内发生窜动，同时防止极芯之间发生相对位移，减少集流体破损、隔膜打皱、和活性材料脱落等情况的发生，提高整个电池的机械强度，延长电池的使用寿命，提高电池的安全性能。
在一种实施方式中，金属壳体100和封装膜600之间的气压P1，其中，P1的取值范围可以为-100Kpa至-5Kpa，进一步地，P1的取值可以是-75Kpa至-20Kpa。当然本领域的技术人员可以根据实际需要设定P1的指。
封装膜600内的气压为P2，其中P1和P2的关系满足：P1＞P2，且P1/P2的范围为0.05-0.85。
P2取值可以为-100Kpa至-20Kpa。
将P1、P2以及P1/P2限定在上述范围内，本技术中的极芯组500采用二次密封的模式，如上面实施方式所述的，先将电池极芯组500封装在封装膜600内，为避免封装膜600发 生由于内部气压过大使封装膜600外鼓造成的破损，我们选择金属壳体100与封装膜600之间的气压大于封装膜600内的气压。同时，我们通过大量实验验证，当P1/P2在上述范围时，较好的保证了电池二次密封的可靠性，同时，保证了电池极片之间的界面，避免了极片间间隙，使锂离子能更好的传导。
在一些实施方式中，封装膜600内的气压低于金属壳体100与封装膜600之间的气压。
本申请还提供一种电池模组，包括多个如上述任意一项所述的电池。
本申请还提供一种电池包，包括多个如上述任意一项所述的电池或者包括多个如上面所述的电池模组。
本申请还提供一种电动车，包括上面所述的电池模组或上面所述的电池包。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点 包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本申请的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种电池，其特征在于，所述电池包括：
    壳体，所述壳体包括位于电池端部的盖板；
    极芯组，所述极芯组位于所述壳体内，所述极芯组包括至少一个极芯；
    采样组件，所述采样组件包括陶瓷密封件、连接片以及采样件，所述陶瓷密封件通过所述连接片固定在所述盖板上，所述采样件固定于所述陶瓷密封件，所述采样件的第一端与所述极芯组连接，所述采样件的第二端用于与电池控制器电连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述极芯组为多个，多个极芯组沿第一方向排布并串联连接，所述第一方向为电池的长度方向。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池还包括：
    电池控制器，所述电池控制器用于收集所述电池中的极芯组的信息。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述陶瓷密封件上设有贯穿所述陶瓷密封件的通孔，所述采样件固定在所述通孔中，且所述采样件的第一端和第二端分别延伸出所述通孔。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述连接片与所述陶瓷密封件焊接，所述采样件的第一端穿过所述连接片。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电池，其特征在于，所述盖板上设有第一凹槽，所述盖板于所述第一凹槽处设有贯穿所述盖板的采样通孔，所述连接片固定连接在第一凹槽中，所述采样件的第一端穿过所述采样通孔。
  7. 如权利要求3所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池还包括：
    连接器，所述连接器分别连接所述采样件的第二端和所述电池控制器，而使所述采样件与所述电池控制器电连接。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电池，其特征在于，所述连接器包括第一连接件和第二连接件，所述采样件的第二端插入所述第一连接件并延伸至所述第二连接件中，所述第二连接件与所述电池控制器电连接；所述第一连接件和所述第二连接件连接而使所述采样件与所述电池控制器电连接。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第二连接件上设有第三连接件，所述采样件的第二端通过所述第三连接件与所述电池控制器电连接。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第一连接件上设有自所述第一连接件朝向所述盖板的一面向所述第一连接件背离所述盖板的一面凹陷的第二凹槽，所述陶瓷密封件收容于所述第二凹槽中并与所述第一连接件连接。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第二凹槽的壁面具有向所述第二凹槽径向凸出的第一卡扣位；
    所述连接片朝向所述陶瓷密封件的表面与所述盖板朝向所述陶瓷密封件的一面具有预设距离，所述陶瓷密封件包括与所述连接片重合连接的第一部分和环绕所述第一部分的第二部分，所述第二部分与所述连接片的周侧构成向所述连接片径向凹陷的第一凹部；所述第一卡扣位与所述第一凹部相适配，以使所述第一连接件和所述陶瓷密封件连接。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第二凹槽的壁面具有向所述第二凹槽径向凸出的第一卡扣位，所述连接片的周侧具有向连接片径向凹陷的第二凹部，所述第一卡扣位与所述第二凹部相适配，以使所述第一连接件和所述连接片连接。
  13. 如权利要求8所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第二连接件的外侧设有第二卡扣位，所述第一连接件上设有自所述第一连接件背离所述盖板的一面向所述第一连接件朝向所述盖板的一面凹陷的第三凹槽，所述第三凹槽的壁面具有朝向所述第一连接件径向凸出的凸部，所述第二卡扣位与所述凸部相适配；当所述第二连接件插入所述第一连接件的第三凹槽中时，所述第二卡扣位与所述凸部卡合固定。
  14. 如权利要求9所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第二连接件中设有导电通孔，所述第三连接件穿设在所述导电通孔中，所述采样件的第二端插入所述第二连接件并延伸至所述导电通孔中而与所述第三连接件电连接。
  15. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述壳体与所述极芯组之间还设有封装膜，所述极芯组封装在所述封装膜内。
  16. 如权利要求14所述的电池，其特征在于，所述极芯组包括极芯组主体以及与极芯组主体电连接用于引出电流的第一电极和第二电极，串联连接的两个极芯组中的其中一个极芯组的第一电极和另外一个极芯组的第二电极的连接处位于所述封装膜内。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的电池，其特征在于，所述封装膜与所述第一电极和/或所述第二电极相对位置形成有封装部以将相邻两极芯组主体隔离；
    相邻两极芯组中的一个极芯组的第一电极和另一个极芯组的第二电极中的至少之一位于所述封装部内。
  18. 如权利要求15所述的电池，其特征在于，所述封装膜包括多个间隔设置子封装膜，每个所述子封装膜内封装有一个极芯组以形成极芯组件，所述极芯组件间串联。
  19. 一种电池模组，其特征在于，包括多个权利要求1-18任意一项所述的电池。
  20. 一种电池包，其特征在于，包括多个权利要求1-18任意一项所述的电池或者包括多个权利要求20所述的电池模组。
  21. 一种电动车，其特征在于，包括权利要求19所述的电池模组或权利要求20所述的 电池包。
PCT/CN2021/074818 2020-02-12 2021-02-02 电池、电池模组、电池包及电动车 WO2021159995A1 (zh)

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