WO2021150851A1 - Batterie au plomb-acide ayant une électrode en fibre et alliage destiné à être utilisé avec celle-ci - Google Patents

Batterie au plomb-acide ayant une électrode en fibre et alliage destiné à être utilisé avec celle-ci Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021150851A1
WO2021150851A1 PCT/US2021/014554 US2021014554W WO2021150851A1 WO 2021150851 A1 WO2021150851 A1 WO 2021150851A1 US 2021014554 W US2021014554 W US 2021014554W WO 2021150851 A1 WO2021150851 A1 WO 2021150851A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lead
acid battery
alloy
antimony
current collector
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2021/014554
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Matthew A. SPENCE
Original Assignee
Cps Technology Holdings Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cps Technology Holdings Llc filed Critical Cps Technology Holdings Llc
Publication of WO2021150851A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021150851A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/14—Electrodes for lead-acid accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
    • H01M10/12—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/56—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of lead
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H01M4/663—Selection of materials containing carbon or carbonaceous materials as conductive part, e.g. graphite, carbon fibres
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H01M4/68—Selection of materials for use in lead-acid accumulators
    • H01M4/685—Lead alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/72—Grids
    • H01M4/73—Grids for lead-acid accumulators, e.g. frame plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/80—Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers
    • H01M4/806—Nonwoven fibrous fabric containing only fibres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present inventions relate to the field of batteries.
  • the present inventions more specifically relate to the field of lead-acid batteries.
  • Lead-acid batteries are known.
  • Lead-acid batteries are made up of plates of lead and separate plates of lead dioxide, which are submerged into an electrolyte or acid solution.
  • the lead, lead dioxide and electrolyte provide a chemical means of storing electrical energy which can perform useful work when the terminals of a battery are connected to an external circuit.
  • the plates of lead, lead dioxide and electrolyte, together with a battery separator, are contained within a housing of a polypropylene material.
  • Start-stop vehicles can place various demands on a lead-acid battery. Vehicles also are increasing in the electrical load of components, for which the electrical load must be supported through a stop event. Vehicle manufacturers are seeking a cost effective, reliable energy storage solution that ensures a seamless customer experience.
  • a lead-acid battery comprises a container with a cover having one or more compartments.
  • One or more cell elements are provided in the one or more compartments.
  • the cell elements comprise a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
  • the positive electrode has a positive current collector and a positive electrochemically active material in contact therewith.
  • the negative electrode has a negative current collector and a negative electrochemically active material in contact therewith.
  • At least one of the positive electrode or the negative electrode comprises a cured carbon or carbonized fiber mat current collector impregnated with the respective electrochemically active material.
  • the cured carbon or carbonized fiber mat current collector comprises a frame member composed of a lead-calcium or lead-antimony alloy.
  • Electrolyte is provided within the container.
  • One or more terminal posts extend from the container or the cover and are electrically coupled to the cell elements.
  • the positive and negative electrodes may be kept electrically separated by a sheet or envelope of polymer or a glass mat separator.
  • the positive and/or negative electrode may comprise, in lieu of a punched, cast, or expanded metal grid, a cured carbon or carbonized fiber mat.
  • the cured carbon or carbonized fiber mat may be impregnated with a paste.
  • the positive and/or negative electrode may be then wrapped or interleaved with an absorbent glass mat (AGM).
  • AGM absorbent glass mat
  • only the negative electrode may comprise a carbon fiber mat while the positive electrode may comprise a lead grid.
  • a frame member having a lug may be attached to the carbon fiber mat.
  • an improved alloy for connecting the carbon fiber mat to the frame is disclosed.
  • the alloy may comprise the frame member, allowing for conductivity and improved connection to the carbon fiber mat.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle for use with a lead-acid battery according to one or more examples of embodiments described herein.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a lead-acid battery that may be used in the vehicle of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the lead-acid battery shown in FIG. 2, with the cover removed.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a lead-acid battery shown in FIG. 2 and described herein.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial, side elevation view of a cell element according to one or more examples of embodiments for use with the lead-acid battery shown in FIGS. 2-4.
  • FIG. 6 is an elevation view of an example battery grid or substrate or current collector for use with the lead-acid battery shown in FIGS. 2-4.
  • FIG. 7 is an additional elevation view of an example battery grid or substrate or current collector for use with the lead-acid battery shown in FIGS. 2-4.
  • FIG. 8 is an elevation view of an alternative example battery grid or substrate or current collector for use with the lead-acid battery shown in FIGS. 2-4, showing section details of the illustrated grid.
  • FIG. 9 is a current collector or substrate for use with the lead-acid battery described herein, showing example fibers in exaggerated dimensions for purposes of illustration.
  • FIG. 10 is another view of a current collector or substrate for use with the lead- acid battery of FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 11 is a sectional view of the current collector or substrate of FIG. 10, taken from section 11 of FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 12 is a close up cut away image of an example carbon fiber fabric which may be used with the current collector or substrate of FIGS. 9-11.
  • FIG. 13 is a close up cut away image of an alternative example carbon fiber fabric which may be used with the current collector or substrate of FIGS. 9-11.
  • FIG. 14 is a close up cut away image of an alternative example carbon fiber fabric which may be used with the current collector or substrate of FIGS. 9-11.
  • a battery 100 is disclosed, and in particular a rechargeable battery, such as, for example, a lead-acid battery.
  • a rechargeable battery such as, for example, a lead-acid battery.
  • Various embodiments of lead-acid storage batteries may be either sealed (e.g., maintenance-free) or unsealed (e.g., wet). While specific examples are described and illustrated, the battery 100 may be any secondary battery suitable for the purposes provided.
  • the battery 100 is provided and shown in a vehicle 102 in FIG. 1. While a vehicle battery is shown and described, the disclosure and system described herein are not limited thereto.
  • the battery 100 may be any type of lead-acid battery, including for example, industrial or back-up batteries, as well as other types of lead-acid batteries. Referring to FIGS. 2-4, the battery 100 is a lead-acid battery.
  • the lead-acid battery 100 is composed of a housing 114 or container which includes a cover 116.
  • Cover 116 is provided for the container or housing 114 and may be sealed to the container 114.
  • the container 114 and/or cover 116 includes battery terminals 118a, b.
  • the battery cover 116 may also include one or more filler hole caps and/or vent assemblies 120.
  • the housing 114 and cover 116 may be primarily composed of a polymer material. In one or more examples of embodiments, the polymer material may be a recycled polymer material.
  • An electrolyte, which typically comprises sulfuric acid, may be included in the battery 100 within the housing 114.
  • the electrodes 104, 106 include electrically conductive positive or negative current collectors or substrates or grids 124, 126 or current collector 1001 as discussed in further detail herein.
  • a “grid” may include any type of mechanical or physical support for the active material.
  • Positive paste or electrochemically active material 128 is provided in contact with and/or on the positive grid 124 and negative paste or electrochemically active material 130 is provided on the negative grid 126.
  • a separator 108 Positioned between the positive and negative electrodes or plates 104, 106 is a separator 108.
  • the separator 108 may be a porous polymer sheet (such as a polyethylene-silica mix). In a retained electrolyte-type battery 100, the separator 108 may be a porous and absorbent glass mat (AGM). In one or more examples of embodiments, the lead-acid battery herein may be an AGM lead-acid battery.
  • a plurality of positive electrodes or plates 104 and a plurality of negative electrodes or plates 106 generally make up at least a portion of the electrochemical cell 110. Referring to FIGS.
  • a plurality of plate or electrode sets or books or cell elements 110 may be electrically connected, e.g., electrically coupled in series or other configuration, according to the capacity of the lead- acid storage battery 100.
  • the plurality of positive electrodes or plates 104 and negative electrodes or plates 106 may be provided in stacks or sets or cell elements 110 for producing a battery having a predetermined voltage, as one example a 12-volt battery in a vehicle 102.
  • the number of cell elements 110 or groups or sets may be varied. It will also be obvious to those skilled in the art after reading this specification that the size and number of electrodes 104 and/or 106 in any particular group (including the size and number of the individual current collectors), and the number of groups used to construct the battery 100 may vary depending upon the desired end use.
  • the element stack 110 may be compressed during insertion reducing the thickness of the separator 108.
  • each current collector has a lug 134.
  • one or more cast-on straps or intercell connectors 136 are provided which electrically couple the lugs 134 of like polarity in an electrode or plate set or cell element 110 and to connect other respective sets or cell elements 110 in the battery 100.
  • the connection of the elements may be a single element, parallel connection (capacity doubled, voltage the same) or series connection (e.g., voltages are additive, i.e., 4V, 6V, etc., with the same capacity).
  • one or more positive terminal posts 118a and one or more negative terminal posts 118b may also be provided, electrically coupled to the cell elements 110.
  • Such terminal posts 118a, b typically include portions which may extend through the cover and/or container wall, depending upon the battery design. It will be recognized that a variety of terminal arrangements are possible, including top, side, front or corner configurations known in the art.
  • the intercell connectors 136 and/or terminals 118a, b may be composed of lead or lead alloy. In one or more examples the lead may be a recycled lead.
  • the electrodes 104, 106 include electrically conductive positive or negative current collectors or substrates or grids 124, 126.
  • the positive grid or current collector or substrate 124 and/or the negative grid or current collector or substrate 126 may be composed of lead or lead alloy, which in some examples of embodiments may be or include a recycled lead.
  • a “grid” as used herein may include any type of mechanical support for the active material.
  • at least one of the positive grid or the negative grid may comprise a fibrous material, such as a fiber mat 1005.
  • the current collector is a conductive fibrous material forming a conductive fibrous matrix 1005.
  • the conductive fibrous material or conductive fibrous matrix 1005 may be a mat made of carbon or carbonized fibers.
  • the fibers may be textile fiber material.
  • the current collector may be understood to be formed from a felt-like fabric material.
  • a carbonized fiber mat 1005 may have an appearance similar to the fiber mats shown in FIGS. 12-14, and the fibers may be woven or non-woven, as shown in FIGS. 9-12.
  • the carbonized fibers of the mat or matrix 1005 are shown in exaggerated dimensions to illustrate the voids which may be present within the fiber fabric (discussed in further detail herein below).
  • the conductive fibrous matrix provides a void volume formed by voids within the fiber matrix, between the fibers. These voids may be filled by active material or paste, or electrolyte. The voids and fibers also provide enhanced surface area to the current collector.
  • the conductive fiber mat 1005 may have undergone a curing step to convert the fiber mat into a stiff current collector or substrate.
  • the conductive fibrous material may also be present in multiple layers or a single layer.
  • the current collector or substrate 1001 may have a strap or frame member 1003 coupled to the mat portion 1005.
  • the strap 1003 is bonded to the top border of the fiber mat 1005.
  • the lead alloy strap may be connected to the fiber mat or substrate by penetration into and/or between the fibers of the fibrous material.
  • the strap 1003 extends along the edge of the current collector 1005, and preferably along the entire length of the edge of the current collector. This strap may be understood to be electrically in communication with the mat portion 1005.
  • the current collector or substrate 1001 comprises a mat of conductive fibers 1005, e.g., carbonized fibers, affixed to a strap 1003 having a lug 134.
  • the lead alloy strap 1003 has a lug 138 on a top portion thereof for electrical connection within the battery 100.
  • the strap having a lug may be formed of metal such as lead.
  • the strap or frame member 1003 may be comprised of a metal or lead alloy.
  • the alloy may be a calcium alloy or an antimony-tin alloy.
  • the lead alloy may include one or more of aluminum, tin, silver, antimony, and/or calcium (selenium).
  • the strap or frame member 1003 may comprise a lead-calcium alloy or a lead-tin alloy. In other examples of embodiments, the frame member 1003 may be a lead-calcium-tin alloy.
  • the strap or frame member 1003 is a binary lead- antimony alloy in the range of 0-50 weight (“wt”) percentage (i.e., 0-50% wt) antimony, or more specifically 0.025-25 wt percentage (i.e., 0.025-25% wt) antimony may be used.
  • wt percentage and % wt may be used interchangeably and refer the percentage, by weight, of an element (e.g., antimony) relative to the total weight of the strap.
  • ternary alloys of lead-antimony-tin or lead- antimony-tin with copper, arsenic, and selenium as grain modifiers are used.
  • the alloy used may have various advantages, including but not limited to, enhanced bonding with the mat portion 1005. While a lead-calcium alloy, a lead-antimony alloy, and lead- antimony-tin alloy are described, various alloys should be understood as within the scope of this disclosure. Likewise, the alloy may also include one or more impurities.
  • 1001 may be composed the same or similar material. It is contemplated, however, that material composition may also vary between the positive and the negative electrodes 104, 106 or current collectors. To this end, one or both of the current collectors (positive, negative, or both) may be stamped or punched fully framed grids 124, 126 having a frame 137 and a radial arrangement of grid wires 138 forming a pattern of open spaces 139 (various examples of grids 124, 126 suitable for use with the inventions described herein are shown and described in United States Patent Nos.
  • one or both current collectors may comprise a conductive fiber mat (e.g., current collector 1001).
  • the positive electrode 104 may comprise a conductive fiber mat current collector 1001.
  • the negative electrode 106 may comprise a conductive fiber mat current collector 1001.
  • the grid or substrate of the positive electrode 104 or negative electrode 106 may be a punched grid, a continuously cast (concast) grid, an expanded metal grid, a carbon or carbonized felt or fiber substrate, ceramic, and so forth.
  • the grid or current collector may also include surface roughening or may be subjected to one or more different surface treatments (e.g., solvent, surfactant and/or steam cleaning), such as may be used to improve paste adhesion among other benefits.
  • the positive and negative current collectors may also be formed of different thickness. However, it is contemplated that the current collectors may be of the same thickness. The thickness of each current collector may be varied based upon desired manufacturing and performance parameters.
  • thickness may be determined based upon manufacturing requirements, such as for instance, minimum requirements for paste adhesion, improved cycle performance, endurance, or other suitable parameters. While specific examples are provided for purposes of illustration, variations thereon may be made to provide grid dimensions suitable for the particular application. Likewise, while specific examples of current collector, grid, and substrate arrangements and grid or substrate types are described for purposes of example, one of skill in the art will appreciate that any grid structure or arrangement suitable for the purposes of the battery 100 may be substituted in place of the described grids/substrates 124, 126, 1001.
  • each plate 104, 106 comprises a current collector or grid 124, 126, 1001 pasted with electrochemically active material 128, 130.
  • the paste-type electrode includes a current collector or grid which acts as a substrate and an electrochemically active material or paste is provided in contact with and/or on the substrate.
  • the current collectors or grids 124, 126, 1001, including a positive grid and a negative grid, provide an electrical contact between the positive and negative electrochemically active materials or paste 128, 130 which may serve to conduct current.
  • positive paste 128 is provided in contact with and/or on the positive grid 124 and negative paste 130 is provided in contact with and/or on the negative grid 126.
  • the positive plate 104 includes a positive grid 124 having or supporting a positive electrochemically active material or paste 128 thereon, and in some examples of embodiments may include a pasting paper or a woven or non- woven sheet material comprised of fibers (e.g., a “scrim”) 132 the scrim and plate surface may be embossed with a waffle or linear pattern; and the negative plate 106 includes a negative grid 126 having or supporting a negative electrochemically active material or paste 130 thereon, and in some examples of embodiments may include a pasting paper or scrim 132, the scrim maybe embossed or needle punched to improve attachment.
  • the scrim in one or more examples of embodiments may be composed of or include glass fibers. In other examples, the scrim may include other fiber materials, such as but not limited to polymer.
  • the current collector 1001 may comprise a fiber mat portion 1005 which may comprise, for example, a plurality of carbonized fibers.
  • the current collector may be provided with a paste and cured, forming an electrode. That is, the current collector 1001 may be understood to be impregnated with a paste and have undergone a curing step (either before or after impregnation with a paste) to produce a stiff grid.
  • the electrochemically active material or paste may be formed of compositions including lead or lead oxide.
  • the lead may be a recycled lead.
  • the paste or electrochemically active material (positive or negative) is oftentimes a mixture of lead and lead oxide or lead dioxide particles and dilute sulfuric acid, and may include other additives, such as carbon, barium sulfate, and/or expander such as lignosulfonate. Additives may be provided in varying amounts and combinations to the paste (positive and/or negative) suitable for the intended purposes of the battery. Alternative negative mass / paste recipes may also be provided which accomplish the objectives described herein.
  • paste mix such as for example, water, fibers (e.g., polymer or glass), sulfuric acid, and so forth.
  • fibers e.g., polymer or glass
  • sulfuric acid e.g., sulfuric acid, and so forth.
  • Different materials may be used in connection with the lead-containing paste composition, with the present invention not being restricted to any particular materials or mixtures (added fibers, or other constituents). These materials may be employed alone or in combination as determined by numerous factors, including for example, the intended use of the battery 100 and the other materials employed in the battery.
  • the positive electrode or plate 104 may contain a substrate or grid 124 or 1001 with lead dioxide active material or paste 128 thereon or in contact therewith.
  • the negative electrode or plate 106 may be composed of a substrate or grid 126 or 1001 with a spongy lead active material or paste 130 thereon or in contact therewith.
  • the negative paste 130 may, in a preferred embodiment, be substantially similar to the positive paste 128 but may also vary.
  • the negative active material or paste 130 may also contain fiber and/or “expander” additives which may help maintain the active material structure and improve performance characteristics, among other things.
  • a separator 108 As indicated, positioned between the positive and negative electrodes or plates 104, 106 is a separator 108 (see FIGS. 4-5).
  • An AGM lead-acid battery has positive and negative electrodes or plates 104, 106 which are separated by an absorbent glass mat 108 that absorbs and holds the battery’s acid or electrolyte and prevents it from flowing freely inside the battery 100 (see FIG. 5).
  • the separator 108 may be a porous and absorbent glass mat (AGM).
  • AGM absorbent glass mat
  • the working electrolyte saturation is at some value below 100% saturation to allow recombinant reactions of hydrogen and oxygen.
  • the absorbent glass mat 108 may also be used with an additional separator (not shown); various common commercially available separators are known in the art.
  • the separator may be a “U-shape” wrapping the plate or electrode, but the separator or AGM can be a single sheet or, for example, can be a single length concertina with plates separated by 2 layers. Accordingly, in various embodiments, the electrode including the current collector, e.g., current collector 1001, may further be wrapped in or interleaved with a separator. A single or double layer of separator 108 may be employed. For example, a separator may be provided on the positive plate 104 and an AGM 108 may also be employed with the positive/negative plates 104, 106.
  • An electrolyte which is typically sulfuric acid, may be included in the battery 100.
  • the electrolyte may include one or more metal ions.
  • the sulfuric acid electrolyte may be a sulfuric acid solution including one or more metal sulfates.
  • the battery comprises a container with a cover having one or more compartments.
  • One or more cell elements are provided in the one or more compartments.
  • the cell elements comprise a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
  • the positive electrode has a positive current collector and a positive electrochemically active material in contact therewith.
  • the negative electrode has a negative current collector and a negative electrochemically active material in contact therewith.
  • At least one of the positive electrode or the negative electrode comprises a cured carbon or carbonized fiber mat current collector impregnated with the respective electrochemically active material.
  • the cured carbon or carbonized fiber mat current collector comprises a frame member composed of a lead-calcium alloy.
  • the lead alloy may be a lead-antimony-tin alloy.
  • Electrolyte is provided within the container.
  • One or more terminal posts extend from the container or the cover and are electrically coupled to the cell elements.
  • An electrode for a lead-acid battery comprises a cured carbon or carbonized fiber mat current collector impregnated with an electrochemically active material and a frame member composed of a lead-antimony alloy.
  • the lead-antimony alloy may be a lead-antimony-tin alloy.
  • a current collector is also provided.
  • the current collector comprises a cured carbon or carbonized fiber mat.
  • the cured carbon or carbonized fiber mat current collector comprises a frame member composed of a lead-antimony alloy.
  • the lead- antimony alloy may be a lead-antimony -tin alloy.
  • a lead-acid battery and an electrode formed with a current collector comprising a conductive fiber mat with a lead-calcium alloy or lead-antimony -tin alloy strap has various advantages.
  • the alloy used for the strap connected to same may have various advantages, including but not limited to, enhanced bonding with the mat portion.
  • the described lead alloy may also improve rigidity and strength of the border, which may improve handling and pasting, and overcome negative effects such as bending or curling of the lugs.
  • the lead alloy may improve density, conductivity and tensile strength.
  • the lead alloy may increase the hardness and strength of the strap, while imparting good melting, flow, casting, and wetting properties.
  • the lead alloy may also assist in reduce water consumption over the life of the battery, reduce electrolyte evolution and generation of hydrogen gas, have better self-discharge characteristics, and a consistent current draw.
  • the antimony alloys have the advantage of reaching optimal hardness in a brief time after casting, whereas, lead-tin and lead-calcium-tin alloys may take several days to reach hardness at room temperature, this age-hardening of certain lead alloys will impact the processing time.
  • the foregoing advantages lead to improved performance, including charge acceptance, among other performance characteristics in a lead-acid battery.
  • the term “coupled” means the joining of two members directly or indirectly to one another. Such joining may be stationary in nature or moveable in nature. Such joining may be achieved with the two members or the two members and any additional intermediate members being integrally formed as a single unitary body with one another or with the two members or the two members and any additional intermediate members being attached to one another. Such joining may be permanent in nature or may be removable or releasable in nature.
  • elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements show as multiple parts may be integrally formed, the operation of the interfaces may be reversed or otherwise varied, the length or width of the structures and/or members or connector or other elements of the system may be varied, the nature or number of adjustment positions provided between the elements may be varied (e.g. by variations in the number of engagement slots or size of the engagement slots or type of engagement).
  • the order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une batterie au plomb-acide. La batterie au plomb-acide comprend une électrode en fibre de carbone ayant une grille avec une bande d'alliage métallique. Dans certains exemples, la bande d'alliage métallique est un alliage de plomb. En variante, la bande d'alliage métallique est un alliage comprenant un ou plusieurs éléments parmi le plomb, le calcium, l'antimoine et l'étain. Dans certains exemples, la bande d'alliage métallique comprend également un ou plusieurs éléments parmi le cuivre, l'arsenic et le sélénium.
PCT/US2021/014554 2020-01-24 2021-01-22 Batterie au plomb-acide ayant une électrode en fibre et alliage destiné à être utilisé avec celle-ci WO2021150851A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US202062965616P 2020-01-24 2020-01-24
US62/965,616 2020-01-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021150851A1 true WO2021150851A1 (fr) 2021-07-29

Family

ID=74626221

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2021/014554 WO2021150851A1 (fr) 2020-01-24 2021-01-22 Batterie au plomb-acide ayant une électrode en fibre et alliage destiné à être utilisé avec celle-ci

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2021150851A1 (fr)

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5582936A (en) 1994-11-16 1996-12-10 Globe-Union, Inc. Lead-acid batteries with optimum current collection at grid lugs
US5989749A (en) 1997-11-26 1999-11-23 Johnson Controls Technology Company Stamped battery grid
US6203948B1 (en) 1997-11-26 2001-03-20 Johnson Controls Technology Company Stamped grid having offset horizontal wires
US6274274B1 (en) 1999-07-09 2001-08-14 Johnson Controls Technology Company Modification of the shape/surface finish of battery grid wires to improve paste adhesion
US6953641B2 (en) 2001-01-05 2005-10-11 Johnson Controls Technology Company Battery grid
WO2010098796A1 (fr) * 2009-02-26 2010-09-02 Johnson Controls Technology Company Électrode de batterie et son procédé de fabrication
CN102945959A (zh) * 2012-11-28 2013-02-27 深圳市雄韬电源科技股份有限公司 一种活性炭膏及采用活性炭膏制作极板的方法
US9130232B2 (en) 2010-03-03 2015-09-08 Johnson Controls Technology Company Battery grids and methods for manufacturing same
WO2018224887A1 (fr) * 2017-06-09 2018-12-13 Johnson Controls Autobatterie Gmbh & Co. Kgaa Batterie compacte à natte de verre absorbant
WO2021067774A1 (fr) * 2019-10-04 2021-04-08 Cps Technology Holdings Llc Cellule et batterie enroulées en spirale à collecteur de courant à mat de fibres carbonisées

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5582936A (en) 1994-11-16 1996-12-10 Globe-Union, Inc. Lead-acid batteries with optimum current collection at grid lugs
US5989749A (en) 1997-11-26 1999-11-23 Johnson Controls Technology Company Stamped battery grid
US6203948B1 (en) 1997-11-26 2001-03-20 Johnson Controls Technology Company Stamped grid having offset horizontal wires
US6274274B1 (en) 1999-07-09 2001-08-14 Johnson Controls Technology Company Modification of the shape/surface finish of battery grid wires to improve paste adhesion
US8709664B2 (en) 1999-07-09 2014-04-29 Johnson Controls Technology Company Battery grid
US6953641B2 (en) 2001-01-05 2005-10-11 Johnson Controls Technology Company Battery grid
WO2010098796A1 (fr) * 2009-02-26 2010-09-02 Johnson Controls Technology Company Électrode de batterie et son procédé de fabrication
US9130232B2 (en) 2010-03-03 2015-09-08 Johnson Controls Technology Company Battery grids and methods for manufacturing same
CN102945959A (zh) * 2012-11-28 2013-02-27 深圳市雄韬电源科技股份有限公司 一种活性炭膏及采用活性炭膏制作极板的方法
WO2018224887A1 (fr) * 2017-06-09 2018-12-13 Johnson Controls Autobatterie Gmbh & Co. Kgaa Batterie compacte à natte de verre absorbant
WO2021067774A1 (fr) * 2019-10-04 2021-04-08 Cps Technology Holdings Llc Cellule et batterie enroulées en spirale à collecteur de courant à mat de fibres carbonisées

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BAKOUR Z. ET AL: "Electrochemical Corrosion of Pb-Sn and Pb-Sb Alloys for Lead-Acid Battery Applications", ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A, vol. 134, no. 1, 1 July 2018 (2018-07-01), pages 103 - 105, XP055800236, ISSN: 1898-794X, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://przyrbwn.icm.edu.pl/APP/PDF/134/app134z1p025.pdf> DOI: 10.12693/APhysPolA.134.103 *

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7006346B2 (en) Positive electrode of an electric double layer capacitor
KR101833287B1 (ko) 축전 디바이스 및 이의 전극
KR101227779B1 (ko) 고성능 에너지 저장 장치
US11870096B2 (en) Absorbent glass mat battery
JP2017063001A (ja) 鉛蓄電池
WO2021067774A1 (fr) Cellule et batterie enroulées en spirale à collecteur de courant à mat de fibres carbonisées
KR20180034660A (ko) 납 축전지
US20220407083A1 (en) Active material having oxidized fiber additive &amp; electrode and battery having same
JP3510990B2 (ja) リチウムポリマー電池
EP3574540A1 (fr) Pâte de batterie et compositions d&#39;électrolyte et cellule électrochimique destinée à être utilisée avec celles-ci
US20220393181A1 (en) Lead-acid battery having fiber electrode with lead-calcium strap
WO2021150851A1 (fr) Batterie au plomb-acide ayant une électrode en fibre et alliage destiné à être utilisé avec celle-ci
JP2003338310A (ja) 鉛蓄電池
JP6398111B2 (ja) 鉛蓄電池
US20230052472A1 (en) Carbon fiber electrode with enhanced active material and lead acid battery having same
JP2001143712A5 (fr)
JPH0677449B2 (ja) 鉛蓄電池
JP2021144798A (ja) 鉛蓄電池

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21705796

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 21705796

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1