WO2021139617A1 - 钢夹板叠加结构 - Google Patents

钢夹板叠加结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021139617A1
WO2021139617A1 PCT/CN2021/070100 CN2021070100W WO2021139617A1 WO 2021139617 A1 WO2021139617 A1 WO 2021139617A1 CN 2021070100 W CN2021070100 W CN 2021070100W WO 2021139617 A1 WO2021139617 A1 WO 2021139617A1
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Prior art keywords
sea
hull
tank
deep
cabin
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PCT/CN2021/070100
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English (en)
French (fr)
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阮保国
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阮保国
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Publication of WO2021139617A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021139617A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14Hull parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of steel splint superimposed structures, in particular to a ship with a steel splint superimposed structure.
  • the earth's ocean area occupies about 71%.
  • the rich ocean resources and the harsh and changeable ocean climate restrict the further exploration of humans in the distant seas, especially the mysterious seabed, which attracts humans to constantly try to explore, and the underwater world is 10,000 meters. , Which always affects the endless illusion of countless marine scientists.
  • a high-strength hull structure is required;
  • the invention relates to a steel splint superimposed structure, in particular to a ship with a steel splint superimposed structure.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hull with a superimposed structure of high-strength steel splints, which solves the problem of large ships lacking in response to severe ocean climates.
  • a ship with a steel splint superimposed structure includes technical solutions such as a hull, a submersible floating dock, a deep-sea submarine, and a submersible floating tank with a steel splint superimposed structure.
  • the present invention discloses a steel splint superimposed structure and a method for manufacturing a ship hull.
  • the steel splint utilizes the physical superposition effect to increase the overall strength of each part of the hull to achieve The overall structural strength of the hull is increased.
  • the steel splint superimposed structure adopts a high-strength cross-reinforced rib structure made by interlocking rib grooves with each other.
  • the steel splint superimposed structure has stiffeners, which are mutually snap-welded by the clamping grooves to form a honeycomb-like stiffener plate with flat sides on both sides.
  • Two main steel plates and the honeycomb-like stiffener plate are attached on both sides. Weld together to make a steel splint.
  • the other honeycomb-shaped stiffening rib is laminated and welded on one side of the steel splint.
  • the other side of the honeycomb-shaped stiffener is welded to the third main steel plate.
  • the three-layer steel splint is made into the steel splint superimposed structure, and the steel splint superimposed structure is made by repeated superposition and expansion welding of the steel splint superimposed structure, and the high-strength steel splint superimposed structure of the hull is made.
  • the hull bottom plate, the hull deck, the sides of the hull, the bow and stern, the cabin inner deck and the vertical and horizontal bulkheads, etc. are made of the hull bottom plate, the hull deck, the longitudinal and longitudinal bulkheads, etc., and the steel for each part of the hull Splint superimposed structure.
  • the cabin is composed of decks and vertical and horizontal bulkheads, and the space in the hull cabin is evenly divided into several layers of cabin cabins with a honeycomb superimposed structure, which is made into a steel plywood superimposed structure hull. , There are buildings on the deck.
  • the steel splint superimposed structure is suitable for the superposition of metal and non-metal structures in various fields.
  • the present invention provides a submersible floating dock capable of walking in the ocean, which is used for the repair and maintenance of ships and escort equipment for ocean exploration.
  • the submerged floating dock of the present invention includes a hull with a steel plywood superimposed structure.
  • a deck and vertical and horizontal bulkheads are used in the cabin to evenly divide the space in the hull cabin into several cabins with a honeycomb superimposed structure.
  • the middle cabin of the submersible dock is the working area.
  • the working area is connected to the outside of the deck by a passageway.
  • the connecting outlet has a ship island and a waterproof gate.
  • the upper layer of the waterproof gate is the central control room. Both sides of the working area are to the ship side cabin area.
  • ballast water tanks and ballast diving tanks with interconnecting ports are used to control the working area.
  • ballast diving tank Under the ballast water tanks in the compartment areas on both sides of the ship, the bottom compartment area is a ballast diving tank.
  • the ballast diving tanks have interconnection ports and the upper end walls of the ballast diving tanks are connected by airflow holes.
  • the two rows of cabins on the two sides of the ship’s side and the bottommost ballast diving cabin are connected with the second row of high-pressure air storage cabins on the second floor with high-pressure valves.
  • the high-pressure compressed air is provided by a high-pressure industrial unit air compressor.
  • the first row of the second layer next to the ship's side is an air compressor engine room, each of the air compressor engine rooms has a communicating doorway to each other, and is connected with an air inlet pipe and an air inlet high pressure valve with the high pressure air storage cabin.
  • ballast diving tank and the air compressor engine room are also connected with a high pressure valve.
  • the air compressor engine room is connected to the working area with the most terminal cabin on the same floor of the stern, and the most terminal cabin on the same floor of the stern is a pusher. Power cabin.
  • ballast diving tank has a number of sea openings connected to the outside of the ship, and pneumatic knife valve water valves and sea valves are arranged in the ballast diving tank on the side of the ship.
  • ballast diving tank and the upper layer water-carrying tank have several communication ports, and the communication ports are provided with a pneumatic knife valve water valve and a water passage valve.
  • control lines of the sea valves and the water valves are connected with the central control room through a pipe gallery,
  • the submerged floating dock of the present invention is completely filled with water in the ballast water tank, the submerged floating dock is in a suspended state, the upper end surface of the deck and the water surface outside the hull are horizontal planes, the ballast diving tank is filled with water, and the submerged floating dock is submerged.
  • the submersible dock floats up, and there is a high-pressure gas storage tank that discharges high-pressure gas into the submerged submersible tank.
  • the pressure is higher than the water pressure outside the hull.
  • the sea valve opens, and the ballast submersible tank is forced to drain out of the hull.
  • the sea valve is closed, and the high pressure valve connecting the ballast diving tank with the air compressor engine room is opened.
  • the high pressure gas from the ballast diving tank is discharged to the air compressor engine room area.
  • the machine compresses the air again and stores it in the high-pressure air storage tank, and recycles the compressed air.
  • the sea valve is closed, the water in the ballast diving tank is not emptied, the high pressure valve connecting the ballast diving tank and the air compressor engine room will not be opened, and the ballast diving tank will drain outward at any time.
  • the high-pressure valve connecting the ballast diving tank and the air compressor engine room needs to be opened, and the high-pressure gas in the ballast diving tank is discharged, and the pressure is lower than the external sea water pressure, and the sea valve opens to ballast diving.
  • the tank is filled with water, and the floating dock continues to dive.
  • the design strength of each part of the hull of the submersible dock is the same as the strength of the hull of the second embodiment and the matching of the power system according to the ocean walking and diving capabilities.
  • the submersible dock in the present invention can only be used as a submersible dock for shipbuilding or ship maintenance if no ocean navigation is required.
  • the load strength of each part of the hull is reduced according to the actual budget, and the power source required by the submersible system is matched.
  • the present invention also provides a deep-sea submarine and a deep-diving device.
  • the deep-sea submarine includes a hull with a superimposed structure of steel splints.
  • the above-mentioned deep-sea submarine has a pressure hull with a superimposed structure of high-strength steel splints, a high-strength waterproof gate, a deep-diving drainage device, and a sea transit cabin.
  • the transit cabin has a sea gate to the sea, and an observation platform is provided at the front end of the sea transit cabin.
  • the above-mentioned high-strength waterproof gate is the exit gate of the ship island, which is provided with two gates inside and outside.
  • the power of the above-mentioned deep-diving drainage device and the power of the safety device of the sea-passing tank are hydraulic cylinders.
  • the deep-sea drainage is completed by the deep-sea drainage device.
  • the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder pulls the piston of the high-pressure water cylinder, and the ballast water is drawn into the high-pressure water cylinder, and then the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder , Push the high-pressure water cylinder piston, press the high-pressure water cylinder to drain outwards, and realize the floating of the deep-sea submarine.
  • the deep-sea submarine floats in the shallow water area, and high-pressure gas is input from the high-pressure gas storage tank to the ballast water tank, and the ballast water tank is forced to drain outward.
  • the above-mentioned sea passage transit cabin has an exit port, and the sea exit port has a sea gate for easy entry and exit of the human body, which is an exit port for divers at a safe diving depth.
  • the diver when the diver goes out to sea, the diver enters the transition compartment first, closes the entry gate, and the high-pressure water tank with hydraulic cylinders injects full tank water into the transition compartment, opens the sea gate of the sea outlet, and the sea water outside the deep sea submarine. It is integrated with the sea water of the transition tank, and the divers go out to sea.
  • the deep-sea submarine dives beyond the safe diving depth of divers.
  • scientific research personnel collect seabed specimens or trap seabed creatures through the sea port.
  • the present invention also provides a submersible floating tank water platform equipment.
  • the submerged floating tank includes a steel splint superimposed structure.
  • the above-mentioned submersible floating tank is composed of an upper deck, a bottom box plate, outer wall panels of the surrounding shell, a deck inside the box, and vertical and horizontal dividing wall panels.
  • the inside of the box deck and vertical and horizontal dividing wall plates evenly divide the space inside the box into several cabins.
  • the inner deck of the box and the vertical and horizontal partition wall panels have intercommunicating doorways, the outer wall of the submersible floating box has a doorway leading to the box body, and the doorway leading to the box body is provided with a waterproof door.
  • the water pass valve has an external air pipe, and the pipe mouth is arranged on the edge of the tank body deck. Take over the mouth.
  • the submersible pontoon of the present invention can assemble a large floating berth on the sea surface of a sheltered harbor and breezy waves.
  • the floating berth has a diving function and controls the total mass according to the inner cavity of the steel splint.
  • the diving depth is set at a predetermined underwater depth. Suspended.
  • the artificial access door is set on the deck.
  • the structural strength of the tank is increased to produce various specifications of tank floating platforms. In theory, it can be used on the sea surface. A box-body floating platform with infinite specifications is produced.
  • the above-mentioned steel splint superimposed structure needs to have a more important main core technology to realize its longest service life, which is the long-lasting anti-corrosion in the steel splint cavity.
  • the internal cavity anti-corrosion project of the steel splint superimposed structure uses the patent document "Long-effect anti-corrosion in the metal structure cavity” technology.
  • the steel splint superimposed structure of the ship through the modeling budget, found the physical superimposition effect on the steel splint superimposed structure of the hull, and the strength of the effect on the steel splint superimposed structure is based on the theory of infinite amplification, according to the following larger hull
  • the simulation test of the company obtained a feasibility basis.
  • the steel splint stiffening ribs are made of steel plates of the same material as the main steel plate.
  • the stiffening ribs are 400mm high and 50mm thick, and are connected by a concentrated and uniform force frame of the steel splint superimposed structure.
  • the ship sails in the ocean, and budgets for the strength of each part of the hull structure.
  • the mechanics theory of engineering mechanics, material mechanics, statics, dynamics, wind and wave mechanics, etc. through the superposition of steel plywood structure of the hull Modeling and simulating make a super large hull that meets the load strength standards. In theory, it can be made, with a length of 60,000 meters, a width of 10,000 meters, and a height of 280 meters.
  • the hull of the steel splint superimposed structure is made into the hull bottom plate, the hull deck, the sides of the hull, the bow and stern, the cabin inner deck and the vertical and horizontal bulkheads, according to the strength of the various parts of the hull marine navigation .
  • each part of the hull is based on the hull walking in the ocean, the load strength of each part and the overall resistance budget. It is made of shipbuilding steel Q690, 50mm thick steel plate, and stiffeners are 400mm thick and 50mm thick.
  • the parts of the hull, the bottom of the hull and the bow are simulated to bear the slamming load.
  • the 28-layer steel plywood superimposed structure is used, and the thickness is 12.2 meters;
  • the stern part uses a 22-layer steel plywood stacking structure with a thickness of 9.5 meters;
  • the hull deck uses a 12-layer steel plywood stacking structure with a thickness of 5 meters;
  • the cabin inner deck and vertical and horizontal bulkheads uses an 8-layer steel plywood stacking structure with a thickness of 3.2 meters. , Divide the space in the cabin into 8 ⁇ 10m specification cabins.
  • the hull is 60,000 meters in length and 10,000 meters in width, and the height of the hull is 280 meters.
  • the overall structural strength of the ship meets the expected requirements and standards.
  • the above-mentioned shipbuilding steel Q690, 50mm thick steel plate, stiffener 400mm, thickness 50mm, and the same material strength and structure are used.
  • the hull specification can be unlimitedly increased. Big.
  • the strength of shipbuilding steel is more than 1000Mpa.
  • the welding technology and the weld strength are close to the parent material, and the hull can be seamlessly welded.
  • Figure 1 The perspective structure diagram of the submersible floating tank
  • FIG. 1 The main view of the submersible floating tank
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of steel splint stiffened ribs
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the hull
  • FIG. 1 The perspective view of the ballast diving tank of the submerged floating dock
  • Figure 10 Perspective view and cross-sectional schematic diagram of a deep-sea submarine
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of deep-sea submarine components.
  • a set of high-strength marine scientific research equipment is provided mainly for humans' further exploration of the ocean and deep seas, especially the mysterious seabed exploration, which can stay on the surface of the sea, which is consistent with life research and development work and a high-strength hull.
  • the illustrated component structures, sizes, and shapes do not represent the actual structure, nor the actual size ratio relationship between the structures.
  • the diagrams only illustrate various parts of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • a free-running long-arm welding robot is used for welding, and the plate is welded horizontally.
  • the width of the welding plate is within 2.5 meters, and the length is not limited.
  • the free-running long-arm welding robot tracks the weld seam and implements omni-directional welding. Blind spot welding.
  • the welding torch needs to be lengthened, and an endoscope is added to the front of the welding torch, which is artificially fatigued and affects the welding quality.
  • Smaller submersible tanks can be manually welded. Ships try to avoid manual welding.
  • the internal cavity anti-corrosion project of the steel splint superimposed structure quotes the patent document number: CN108690987B "Metal structure cavity long-term anti-corrosion" technology; the internal cavity of the steel splint superimposed structure has long-lasting anti-corrosion, which is hard Polyurethane foam is used as a filler to completely isolate moisture and oxygen from metal to achieve permanent corrosion protection in theory.
  • the filling material is rigid polyurethane foam (hereinafter referred to as the filling material); deep sea diving
  • the internal cavity of the boat steel splint superimposed structure is long-lasting anti-corrosion
  • the filling material is foam concrete.
  • the anti-corrosion filler drainage pipe adopts a PE corrugated pipe with a diameter of at least 100 mm, and the filler is poured. , Adopt high-pressure and large-flow foam injection machine.
  • the submersible dock, deep-sea submarine and submersible tank, all sea-passing pipes, sea-passing valves, water-passing valves, and cabin water-passing pipes are made of titanium alloy materials.
  • the sea-passing valves and water-passing valves are pneumatically controlled two-way. Knife gate valve.
  • the submersible pontoon is mainly used to build marine exploration equipment.
  • the cost of building the berth, construction period and construction site are mainly considered.
  • the submerged pontoon with low construction cost and simple construction is adopted. Set up an assembled floating berth in the haven for the construction of marine exploration ships.
  • the first embodiment is mentioned for implementation description.
  • the corresponding position in the claims is claim 10, and in the summary of the invention, the submersible floats are sorted later.
  • the box body construction and anti-corrosion project The method is the same as that of the second embodiment, which is described in detail in the second embodiment. In this embodiment, the production of the submersible floating tank is first described in detail.
  • a submersible pontoon is used to assemble a large floating berth on the water, and many submersible pontoons need to be built. The first one needs to be built in the dock of the shipyard, and then the submersible pontoon body and the dock are built at the same time.
  • the submerged pontoon required to build the ship and the strength of each part of the structure, the submerged pontoon (shown in Figure 1) is 60 meters in length and width, and 30 meters in height. It uses Q345 or more, 20mm steel plate, and stiffeners. About 400mm high, 20mm steel plate.
  • the T1 part of the submersible floating tank surrounding the tank shell, the vertical and horizontal partitions in the tank, the deck in the tank, etc. uses two-layer steel plywood.
  • the bottom box plate and deck T2 are marked with 1, 2, and 3 to indicate the three-layer main steel plate, which is made of three-layer steel plywood.
  • the rib T3 adopts H series ribs (shown in Figure 4).
  • the rib surface opening H1 of the rib is used for the anti-corrosion project of the internal cavity of the steel plywood.
  • the spray gun sprays the water-based paint inside Prevent the formation of build-up layers.
  • the welding passage openings H2 and H6 connected to the above-mentioned rib surface opening H1 of the stiffened ribs are respectively in the middle of the stiffened ribs H3 and H5 with a height of 40 mm and pass through about 150 mm to make the stiffened ribs.
  • Each welding passage H2 and H6 are aligned in a straight line.
  • stiffening ribs H3 and H5 which are snap-welded to each other through the clamping groove H4 to form a honeycomb-shaped stiffening rib plate H with horizontal sides on both sides of the cross-stiffened rib plate, which is composed of the main steel plate 1
  • the two sides of the main steel plate 2 and the honeycomb-shaped stiffening rib plate H are bonded and welded to form a two-layer steel plywood T1.
  • honeycomb-shaped stiffening rib plate H and the other side of the main steel plate 2 of the above-mentioned two-layer steel splint T1 are laminated and welded together.
  • honeycomb-shaped stiffening rib H is welded to the main steel plate 3 to form a three-layer steel splint with a superimposed structure of steel splints.
  • the outer shell, the vertical and horizontal partitions in the box, and the inner deck of the box are extended to form a submersible floating box with a space distance of no more than 6 meters.
  • all the parts to be welded such as the reinforced ribs H3 and H5, the groove H4 and the main steel plate must be grooved to ensure the penetration of the root of the weld, and the welding quality and connection strength.
  • the "X"-shaped groove is preferred.
  • the above-mentioned deck and vertical and horizontal partitions in the box uniformly divide the empty cabins in the box into multiple layers.
  • the deck and the vertical and horizontal partitions in the box have intercommunicating artificial channels.
  • all channel openings are steel splints.
  • the opening needs to be sealed, and the artificial passage port is an artificial passage used to deal with the anti-corrosion inside the box body, and it is also a water passage for each compartment to communicate with each other.
  • the outer wall of the submersible tank has an artificial access door T5 leading into the box.
  • the door frame is recessed into the outer shell surface by at least 200mm.
  • the artificial access door T5 leading to the box is a waterproof door.
  • the artificial access door T5 is inside the box. It will be opened and used only when it needs to be treated with anti-corrosion treatment.
  • the nozzle is arranged on the edge of the upper deck of the box body.
  • the vent nozzle is the union pipe head T7 in the groove (shown in Figure 2), and the recessed outer wall shell surface plane is at least 200mm, the groove width is at least 200mm, and the height is 420mm. , Is the height of the ribs and the thickness of a main board, which is convenient for manual connection of pipelines.
  • the union head T7 has a protective cover. When the submersible tank is assembled with the floating berth, the water valve T6 of each submersible tank is connected through the outside
  • the tracheal union pipe head T7 is connected with a connecting pipe, so that all the submersible tank water valves T6 of the floating berth are connected to each other through the external connecting air pipe or are connected to each other in sections.
  • the submersible floating tank floats, high-pressure gas is discharged into the tank, and the tank is forced to drain outward.
  • the uppermost top of the cabin T4 has a float switch and water supply.
  • the control end of the valve T6 is connected.
  • the tank compartment T4 is filled with water to the upper limit set limit water level on the top layer, and the float switch activates the control end of the water valve T6 and closes the water valve.
  • hinged rings T9, T10, T11, T13 there are at least two sets of high-strength hinged rings T9, T10, T11, T13 at the four corners of the submersible tank (as shown in Figure 2).
  • the hinged rings T9 and T10 are double-layer hinged rings at the opposite corners, and the hinged rings T11 and T13 are single-layered at the opposite corners Hinged ring.
  • the submerged floating tank when the submerged floating tank is built and assembled as a floating berth, there will be four box corners overlapping hinges in the middle of the berth.
  • the two corners of the two boxes are double-layered with two hinge rings T9 and T10, and the hinge ring T9 is always inserted in the card slot.
  • T8 there are two sets of hinge rings T11 and T13 in the other two boxes.
  • the hinge ring T11 is always inserted under the hinge ring T10, and the hinge ring T13 is always inserted on the hinge ring T9.
  • the holes in each hinge ring are aligned, and there are hinge pins running through each hinge.
  • a hole in the ring is used to assemble each submersible floating box together, and several submersible floating boxes are assembled into a large floating berth.
  • the hinge pin is composed of multiple joints and is connected by threaded joints.
  • hinged rings T11 and T13 are diagonally single-layered, and hinged rings T9 and T10 are diagonally double-layered.
  • they are assembled regularly according to the direction.
  • the floating berth ensure that the upper deck T2 maintains the overall horizontal plane. According to the design requirements of the floating berth and the specifications of the hinged ring, on the assembled floating berth, there should be at least 50mm spacing between the submersible pontoons.
  • the berth pier T14 is made of high-strength plastics.
  • the standard volume of mass and weight is equal to the ratio of 1:1 to the density of seawater.
  • the berth pier T14 stays in the sea and is suspended on the surface of the water.
  • the upper end of the berth pier is level with the water surface.
  • the berth pier T14 specifications Not greater than, 800mm in height, one meter in width, and 1.5 meters in length.
  • the submersible pontoon in this embodiment is assembled into a large floating berth on the sea surface of a sheltered harbour for the construction of marine exploration equipment.
  • the floating berth has a diving function. When diving is required, an external high-pressure gas source is connected to the diving platform.
  • the above-mentioned external high-pressure air source is a high-pressure air compressor and a high-pressure air storage tank independently installed on the mobile boat to provide an external air source for the submersible tank to dive or float.
  • the buoyancy generated and the total weight of the submersible buoyancy tank set the basic ratio of the submersible buoyancy tank irrigation.
  • the buoyancy capacity ratio of the inner cavity of the steel splint of the submersible pontoon the water volume of the submersible pontoon is accurately adjusted.
  • the diving depth is at least 1 meter underwater, and the submerged pontoon is in a suspended state, reducing the floating slipway. Friction when leaving the ship.
  • vent pipe joint head T16 When there is an external high-pressure gas source connected to the vent pipe joint head T16, the external high-pressure gas source is connected to the ventilation pipe at the same time.
  • the vent tube joint T7 is connected.
  • the vent tube joint T16 is set the same as the vent tube joint head T7. The difference is that the vent pipe connected to the vent tube joint T16 only runs through the wall of the box and communicates with the inside of the box. length.
  • the high-pressure air source is connected to the vent pipe union head T16 to input high-pressure gas into the submersible buoyancy tank, which forces the seawater in the tank to completely drain out of the tank, the submersible buoyancy tank floats up, and the water in the submersible buoyancy tank is emptied and completely surfaced. , The water valve T6 valve is closed.
  • the submersible floating tank has a single displacement of 105,000 tons, which is customized for the construction of marine scientific research equipment. For example, if it is used on other platforms, if the submersible floating tank is not required for diving or floating functions, there is no need to set the water valve T6 and the union head. T7 and air inlet T16, artificial access door T5 is set on deck T2, according to the required box specifications, increase the structural strength of the box, and make all kinds of boxes required. Theoretically, you can make boxes with infinite specifications. Body offshore floating platform.
  • the hull, the outgoing bow and the bottom of the hull have V-shaped bodies on both sides of the ship's side, and the bottom of the hull is basically a flat bottom.
  • the above-mentioned international ocean-going scientific research ship based on actual needs, has a hull of 2,600 meters in length, 520 meters in width, 98 meters in height, a maximum draft of 60 meters, and a maximum displacement of 80 million tons.
  • the steel plywood superimposed structure of the hull according to the overall structural strength requirements of the hull, the height of each layer of the cabin inner deck is not more than 8 meters, and the ship side, the bow and stern of the hull, the cabin area around the hull, at least 10 The space between the cabins in the row is not more than 8 meters.
  • the above-mentioned restrictions on the specifications of the hull compartments also include the hull deck and the hull bottom, at least 3 layers of cabin areas, and the space distance is not more than 8 meters, so that the hull of the honeycomb superimposed structure has increased overall resistance, and the middle cabin of the cabin Gradually enlarge, according to the hull structure, the maximum space distance of the center compartment is not more than 15 meters.
  • the cabin area gradually enlarged in the middle of the cabin there is at least one unmanned light rail train passing through it.
  • the train channel is isolated by a safety net.
  • the unmanned light rail train operates in a manner similar to an elevator.
  • first build the slipway using the submerged pontoon in the first embodiment, in the selected haven, at least 60 meters deep in the bay, build an assembled floating slipway, submerged pontoon, length and width 60 meters square, It is 30 meters high and has a single displacement of 105,000 tons.
  • the submerged pontoons required for the construction of floating berths are 9 wide and 43 long, totaling 387, with a total displacement of 40 million tons. Claim.
  • the hull specifications are 2600 meters long and 520 meters wide. At least submerged floating tanks are required, 9 wide and 43 long, according to the weight of the submersible floating tank. Requires the construction of a tug boat and a movable crane.
  • the movable crane is on the deck of the submersible pontoon to assist in adjusting the angle position of the articulated ring.
  • a row of 9 submersible pontoons with a width of 9 are built in the length direction.
  • the submersible pontoons are gathered by a tugboat, and the submersible pontoons are assembled in two rows at the same time. Keep at least a distance of about 50mm.
  • the two boxes have two diagonal corners.
  • the hinge ring T9, T10 is double-layered, the hinge ring T9 is always inserted in the slot T8, the other two boxes, the two hinge rings T11, T13, the hinge ring T11 is always inserted under the hinge ring T10, and the hinge ring T13 is always inserted
  • the holes in the hinge rings are aligned, and a hinge pin runs through the holes in each hinge ring to assemble the submersible boxes together.
  • the hinge pins are composed of multiple joints and are connected by threaded joints.
  • the two rows of 18 submersible boxes are assembled.
  • the third row and the second row are joined together and assembled in the same way.
  • the expansion has been extended to 9 wide submersible boxes and 43 rows long. All the submersible tanks are assembled.
  • the pneumatic knife valve water valves of all submersible tanks on the floating berth, the water valve T6 vent pipe, and the connecting pipes are connected to each other, and the submersible tanks are connected to each other through the multi-nozzle pipe joints.
  • the vent pipe orifice union pipe head T7 is connected to each other, and the air inlet pipe mouth is left on the outermost side of the floating berth. At this point, the floating berth is erected and assembled.
  • the required strength of each part of the hull is estimated, and the steel splint utilizes the physical superposition effect to increase the overall structural strength of the hull.
  • each vent A3 is connected with the passage of the unmanned light rail train in the cabin, and is isolated by a safety net, which can effectively pump and accelerate the air in the cabin during train operation.
  • the vent A3 is also a passageway into the cabin, which can pass through the smallest large-scale truck that can pass, and has waterproof facilities, so rainwater cannot enter the cabin.
  • the ship sails in the ocean, and the bow A4 and the hull bottom A6 need to carry slamming loads.
  • the structural strength is higher than that of the ship's side A5 and the stern A7.
  • the ship sides A5 on both sides of the hull are close to the bottom of the hull, and there are several pusher power cabins A8 with a diameter of 5 meters and a length of 6-8 meters.
  • the distance between each pusher power cabin A8 is at least about 30 meters, and there is a connecting port A9 and the ship's side.
  • the cabins on both sides are connected to the second floor cabins.
  • the compartment connected to the pusher power cabin A8 has a channel with a width and a height of at least 4 meters that is connected to the communication port A9.
  • the channel is the power installation channel for the pusher.
  • the channel port A9 is under construction. There are more detailed and precise markings.
  • the plate In the corresponding channel port A9 position, the plate has a prefabricated port.
  • the sealing plate adopts a 20mm plate.
  • the above-mentioned thruster power installation channel is arranged in the eleventh to fifteenth row compartments in the middle of the cabin, and the thruster power installation channel is connected to all the thruster powers.
  • the propeller power cabins in the last row of the propeller power cabins are connected to each other on the same floor as the stern.
  • the propeller power cabins in the last row are each about 30 meters apart.
  • the propeller power installation channels are interconnected with communicating ports. The width and height are at least 4 meters.
  • each cabin are the power installation and transportation channel of the pusher, and also the corridor channel of the control line and the power source line.
  • the control line and the power source line connect the power of the pusher in the power cabin A8 of each pusher.
  • the control line and the power source line are connected to the central control room.
  • thruster power cabin A8 and the hull are an integral structure, and the structural strength of the bulkhead is the same as that of the ship's side A5.
  • the seawater desalination system is connected to the sea pipe A10 outside the hull. Titanium alloy pipes are used.
  • the sea valve is an electric knife gate valve, which is connected to the seawater desalination system in the cabin. In the cabin, there are also garbage treatment plants, sewage treatment plants, etc. Class living facilities.
  • the waterline A11 on the upper part of the sea-passing pipe A10 has a height of at least 10 meters from the upper end, which is the titanium steel dividing line A12.
  • the titanium steel dividing line A12 around the hull is below the titanium steel dividing line A12 and the hull bottom plate, the hull shell is a layer of titanium alloy plate. , Including the shell of the thruster power cabin, the part of the hull above the titanium steel dividing line A12, and the shell using shipbuilding steel plate.
  • the steel splint superimposed structure is constructed, and the stiffened ribs of the steel splint need to be prefabricated.
  • the steel splint superimposed structure adopts a high-strength cross-reinforced rib structure made by interlocking rib grooves with each other.
  • the reinforced ribs of the prefabricated steel splint in the picture, the rib surface opening H1 of the reinforced rib is an anti-corrosion project for the internal cavity of the steel splint, and the spray gun sprays water-based epoxy resin anticorrosive paint inside.
  • the spray gun is an extended spray gun.
  • the welding channel openings H2 and H6 connected to the rib surface opening H1 of the above-mentioned ribs are respectively located in the middle of the ribs H3 and H5 and pass through at least 150mm to ensure that the welding long arm of the long-arm welding robot can pass freely.
  • the height of the ribs H3 and H5 is 40mm.
  • stiffening ribs H3 and H5 are buckled and welded to each other through the clamping groove H4 to form a honeycomb-shaped stiffening rib plate H.
  • the welding channel openings H2 or H6 are arranged in a straight line.
  • the welding robot implements welding, one of the main steel plates of the steel plywood and the honeycomb-shaped stiffening ribs H are bonded and welded, and the welding robot machine The arm needs to be extended into the welding channel openings H2 or H6 for welding.
  • the welding channel openings H2 and H6 are also anti-corrosion engineering filling material flow channels.
  • the hull is made according to the above-mentioned prefabricated honeycomb-shaped stiffened ribs H.
  • the international ocean-going scientific research ship is relatively large.
  • the long-lasting anti-corrosion project of the inner cavity of the steel splint superimposed structure needs to be carried out simultaneously.
  • the inner wall of the steel splint cavity is sprayed with water-based epoxy resin.
  • the anti-corrosion coating and the filling material adopts rigid polyurethane foam (hereinafter referred to as: filling material).
  • the long-lasting anti-corrosion of the internal cavity of the hull of the steel splint superimposed structure needs to be partitioned, and the drainage tube needs to be preset to guide the filling material to accelerate the flow.
  • the filling material drainage tube adopts a PE corrugated pipe with a diameter of at least 100mm, and the PE corrugated drainage tube is connected by a multi-prong pipe joint in the welded steel splint, and the filling material drainage tube is preset at the welding channel openings H2 and H6,
  • the PE corrugated drainage pipe is prefabricated with two round holes with a diameter of at least 50 mm every one meter or so, and the round holes are the filler outlets.
  • plates with stable mechanical properties are selected, shipbuilding steel Q690, 50mm thick steel plate, steel splint stiffeners, steel plates of the same material as the main steel plate, stiffened ribs, high 400mm, thickness 50mm, the selection of the specified sheet material, the main consideration is the controllability of the internal stress of the thick steel plate that meets the strength requirements, and the concentrated and uniform force connection through the steel splint can absorb and release the internal stress.
  • grooves when making the steel splint superimposed structure, the ribs and the main steel plate and other parts to be welded, grooves must be provided to ensure the penetration of the weld roots and the welding quality and connection strength.
  • the "X"-shaped grooves are preferred.
  • a free walking long-arm welding robot is used for welding, and the width of the welding plate is within 2.5 meters, and the length is not limited.
  • the plate is made of the above-mentioned shipbuilding steel Q690, 50mm thick steel plate, 2.2 meters wide, 4-12 meters long, and the underwater part of the outer layer is made of 30mm thick titanium alloy board.
  • stiffening ribs welded to the outer layer of the hull bottom plate and the titanium alloy adopt general-purpose stiffening ribs with a height of 400mm and a thickness of 50mm.
  • the difference from the above-mentioned hull bottom plate is that the bow, stern, and sides of the ship's side, and the circumference of the hull below the titanium steel boundary A12 (shown in Figure 3), the titanium alloy plate and the main steel plate are 20mm thinner, and are welded to the titanium alloy plate.
  • the outermost steel splint, the specification of stiffened ribs adopts special 420mm stiffened ribs, all the way to the titanium steel dividing line A12, so that the second layer of the hull, the main steel plate of the titanium steel dividing line up and down the same level, other parts ,
  • the stiffened ribs adopt a uniform height of 400mm and a thickness of 50mm for general-purpose stiffened ribs.
  • the parts of the hull of the high-strength steel splint superimposed structure are represented as several layers of main steel plates (shown in Figure 5), respectively;
  • the hull deck A1 uses 5 layers of steel Plywood, thickness 1.85 meters; ship side A5 and stern on both sides of the hull, using 6 layers of steel plywood, thickness 2.3 meters;
  • hull bottom plate A6 and bow using 7 layers of steel plywood, thickness 2.75 meters;
  • cabin inner deck A13 uses 3 layers of steel plywood , The thickness is 0.95 meters;
  • the vertical and horizontal bulkhead A14 uses 4-layer steel plywood, 1.4 meters thick, according to the strength of each part, the steel plywood superimposed structure of each part of the hull is made.
  • the main beams and columns of the building group are integral structures.
  • each part of the hull in the figure, the main steel plates of each part are shown as N1 and N2.
  • the N1 is the filling port of the anti-corrosion engineering filling material inside the steel splint cavity
  • the N2 is the filling material interflow channel port.
  • the layer steel plywood circulates through the filler interflow passage N2. Before the plate is welded, it needs to be marked according to the construction drawings, and the filler pouring port N1 and the intercommunication passage port N2 must be prefabricated.
  • the above-mentioned filler pouring port N1 has at least two main steel plates on the outer surface of the steel splint in each anti-corrosion engineering pouring area. After the filler is poured, it needs to be welded and sealed. A high temperature zone will be generated at the periphery of the pouring port N1.
  • N1 is made of titanium alloy plate with a round mouth diameter of about 100mm.
  • the inner surface of the sealing cap is provided with a cover-thick half-height thread.
  • the upper half of the sealing cap thread is a V-shaped groove.
  • the perimeter of the filling port N1 is at least 100mm away from the titanium steel connection part to prevent burns and apply the water-based epoxy resin anticorrosive coating on the inner wall.
  • intercommunication flow passage port N2 is a square port or a circular port, which passes through at least 120mm to ensure the passage of the filler drainage pipe.
  • Crossing N2 a PE corrugated pipe with a filling material drainage tube with a diameter of at least 100mm, through a multi-pronged pipe joint, connects the interconnecting flow channel opening N2 and the filling material drainage tube in each layer of steel splint to accelerate the flow of filling material in the steel splint.
  • N2 in the construction drawings clearly marked and arranged in the middle of the honeycomb hole of the steel splint stiffened ribs.
  • the filling material needs to be poured into different regions.
  • the hull bottom A6, the sides of the hull A5, and the bow and stern A4, A7, etc. are independent Filling materials are poured into zones; the propeller power compartment A8 is divided into separate zones; the hull deck A1, the cabin inner deck A13, the vertical and horizontal bulkheads A14 and other parts of the cabin are poured according to the compartments, and each compartment is a unit.
  • the filling material is divided into zones.
  • Figure 5 for detailed divisions.
  • the hull bottom plate A6 is independent division, and the cabin bottom plate is a unit division according to a cabin range.
  • the filling drainage pipe and partition isolation plate are preset, and the non-porous reinforced ribs are used to separate them in the steel plywood cavity of each layer.
  • the construction drawings will be more detailed.
  • the entire plate cannot be used to separate the multi-layer steel splints at one time.
  • the main plate 1-7 of the hull bottom plate A6 is used to separate 7 layers of steel splints at a time. This will damage the structural strength of the hull, and the weld itself The mother board is weak, so separation is not allowed.
  • Non-porous reinforced ribs must be used to separate the anticorrosive filler pouring area in the steel splint cavity.
  • the main steel plates of each layer must be diverged. For example, all butt welds of the main steel plate 1 and the main steel plate 2 butt welds diverge, and the butt welds of the main steel plate 2 and the main steel plate 3 Welds are diverged, the steel splints of the hull are welded, and the butt welds of the main steel plates need to be diverged.
  • the shipboard A5 on both sides of the hull is also an independent zone, which is based on one bulkhead of the cabin space as a unit.
  • the filling material perfusion port N1 is preset
  • the partitioned isolation plate is the same as the hull bottom plate A6, the fore and aft parts A4 and A7, and the partition is the same as the ship's side A5 on both sides.
  • each cabin in the cabin, in the hull structure, up to the hull deck A1, down to the hull bottom plate A6, there are at least 10 rows of cabins around it is a specification, 8x8x8m cube cabin space
  • the partition is based on a cabin as a unit, the top of the cabin
  • the deck plus at least two bulkheads is the partition unit.
  • the deck A1 is the same as the compartment
  • the partition partition is the same as the hull bottom plate A6.
  • the filling material injection port N1 is left on the upper end of the main steel plate of each unit.
  • the middle of the cabin is larger, and one compartment needs to be divided. Multiple units.
  • the hull of the steel splint superimposed structure is integrally welded during the construction process, and multi-segment splicing cannot be used in conventional shipbuilding, and the steel splint superimposed structure does not allow segment splicing.
  • the welding robot working area is established.
  • the entire layer of the hull bottom plate A6 titanium alloy plate 1 is pre-welded to form the hull bottom shell layer.
  • the upper plates are equipped with mechanical cranes, pre-installed filler drainage pipes, spraying water-based epoxy resin anticorrosive paint inside the steel splint cavity, which is manually made.
  • each titanium alloy plate 1 for the hull bottom plate A6 shell is anti-corrosive in advance, and each titanium alloy plate has four peripheral distances, leaving a width of about 30mm, and anti-corrosion after welding to prevent burns in the high-temperature area of the welding. paint.
  • the international ocean-going scientific research ship implements welding construction.
  • Two rows of welding robots are arranged from the middle of the hull, and the construction is extended to the two ends of the bow and stern.
  • the berth pier T14 is arranged according to the plate specifications, and the titanium alloy plate is selected It is 2.5 meters wide, wider than the 2.2-meter main steel plate, and 6-meter long. Each plate has two pads in the same direction as the length. The size is not greater than, 1 meter wide, 1.5 meters long, and 800mm high.
  • the length direction of the berth pier T14 is arranged in the same direction as the titanium alloy plate, and they are respectively cushioned at the middle of the two ends of the titanium alloy plate.
  • the above-mentioned berth pier T14 is arranged with a buckle T15 at both ends.
  • the connecting ropes with hooks are used to hang each other on the buckle T15 at both ends.
  • the berth pier T14 is arranged to the edge of the submersible box, and the hook is hung. Fastened to the fixed buckle T12.
  • all butt welds where the main steel plate is in contact with the honeycomb-shaped stiffened rib H rib surface must be polished evenly during the construction of the hull.
  • the upper steel plywood is welded on the above-mentioned titanium alloy shell plane, and the construction is carried out from the middle to the two ends.
  • the required material size and specifications of each part will be compared with the corresponding parts for the ship crane.
  • the mobile crane is accurate Match to the welding position of each department, and assign the construction section to the welding robot according to the number of welding robots.
  • the above-mentioned titanium alloy plate 1 and the honeycomb-shaped stiffened ribs H are bonded and welded, and the central part of the honeycomb-shaped stiffened ribs H is welded with the butt weld of the titanium alloy plate 1 so that the upper main steel plate 2 is butt welded
  • the butt weld with the titanium alloy plate 1 diverges.
  • main steel plate 2 is bonded and welded to the honeycomb-shaped stiffened rib H to form the first layer of steel plywood.
  • the anti-corrosion engineering of the internal cavity of the steel splint superimposed structure should be carried out simultaneously.
  • the internal cavity of the steel splint should be sprayed with water-based epoxy anti-corrosion coating at the same time.
  • the length of the spray gun is longer than 2.5 meters, and each main steel plate is connected to the ribs.
  • each main steel plate is connected to the ribs.
  • pre-installed filler drainage pipes PE corrugated pipes with a diameter of at least 100mm, are used.
  • the fork pipes are connected to each other, and these processes are done manually.
  • the butt welds of the main steel plates of each layer need to be welded.
  • the steel splint superimposed structure of the hull The overall structure is not allowed to follow the conventional shipbuilding, multi-segment splicing method, the steel splint superimposed structure of each part of the hull, layer by layer from the middle of the hull to the two ends of the bow and stern, the welding robot relays, stepwise advancement and extension welding, marked in the construction drawings
  • the filling material is divided into sections with non-porous reinforced ribs.
  • honeycomb-shaped stiffening ribs H are bonded and welded to the main steel plate 2 on one side.
  • the ribs of the honeycomb-shaped stiffening ribs H and the main steel plate must be polished smoothly.
  • the main steel plate 3 and the other side of the honeycomb-shaped stiffening rib plate H are bonded and welded to form a second-layer steel splint superimposed structure.
  • the honeycomb-shaped stiffener plate H is bonded and welded to the other side of the main steel plate 3, and the main steel plate 4 is bonded and welded to the other side of the honeycomb-shaped stiffener plate H to form a three-layer steel plywood superimposed structure.
  • Layers are repeatedly superposed and welded, stepped forward and extended to the ends of the ship's bow and stern, to form the hull bottom plate A6 and the parts of the hull of the steel splint superimposed structure.
  • the above-mentioned production of the hull bottom plate A6 is clearly marked according to the hull construction drawings of the steel splint superimposed structure.
  • the foundation foundation of the longitudinal and longitudinal bulkheads A14 of the cabins in the cabin shall be generated, and the cabins shall be evenly distributed according to the construction drawings.
  • the corresponding plate in the corresponding position, has prefabricated passage openings, in the bulkhead and the cabin
  • the plates of the corresponding parts of the deck are all prefabricated, and each doorway and the cross-sectional opening of the steel plywood need to be sealed, and the sealing plate adopts 20mm plates.
  • the hull bottom plate A6 manufactured above is marked according to the construction drawings to find out the position of the tower crane shaft.
  • the several tower crane shafts are at the same time the elevator shafts and the elevator shafts connected to the building on the deck.
  • the tower crane base fixing bolts The bolted support base is independently welded to the main steel plate 7 of the hull bottom plate A6, and the bolts cannot be directly welded to the main steel plate 7.
  • the bolts for the fixed support of the tower crane have independent bolt support bases, which are welded to the well wall of the tower crane. The bolts cannot be directly welded with the main steel plate 7. For shaft wall welding, all lapped parts other than the main hull must be separately welded.
  • the working area covers the entire hull, and the welding robot construction area enters each cabin cabin.
  • the height of each layer of the inner deck of the cabin is not more than 8 meters, and the height of each cabin is within 8 meters.
  • the welding robot needs to be configured. Lifting and moving walking platform.
  • a steel splint superimposed structure with required strength for each part of the hull is made through a steel splint superimposed structure.
  • the cabin is evenly divided into multiple layers of cabins by the deck and vertical and horizontal bulkheads.
  • the height of the cabin inner deck is not more than 8 meters, and all cabins around the hull have at least 10 cabins.
  • the row space distance is not more than 8 meters
  • the hull bottom tank and the top compartment area have at least 3 layers of cabin space not more than 8 meters, and the hull is made into a monolithic honeycomb superimposed structure with cabins stacked on top of each other.
  • the main bearing column of the main body of the building on the deck is connected with the vertical and horizontal bulkheads in the cabin, and the building on the deck is constructed after the hull leaves the floating berth and is launched into the water.
  • the long-lasting anti-corrosion project in the cavity of the steel splint superimposed structure is more important.
  • the steel splint is sprayed with water-based epoxy anti-corrosion paint, and every corner must be in place, and no omissions are allowed. , Including the presetting of the filler drainage tube, strictly in accordance with the construction drawings.
  • each filling material filling area adopts a high pressure and large flow foam filling machine, according to the pressure of the filling machine, according to the filling material flow rate, the rigid polyurethane foam filling material is foamed Time, to ensure that the slurry foam filler remains uninterrupted in the feed barrel of the filling machine, and the amount is sufficient to ensure that the required slurry foam filler according to the volume ratio is filled before foaming, and flows into all parts of the steel splint cavity.
  • Foam to the filling port N1 tighten the screw of the sealing cover, and weld the seal.
  • the long-lasting anti-corrosion in the steel splint structure cavity is achieved by the filler completely isolating moisture and oxygen from the metal.
  • the hull is filled with the foamed plastic filler. After foaming, it needs to be further matured and reacted to foam to obtain the rigid polyurethane foam. For plastics, curing reaction foaming needs to be curing reaction foaming at 90-120°C for 20-30 hours.
  • the hull is relatively large and cannot be completed in the maturing workshop.
  • the hull body is selected for heating and maturing with an electric heat source.
  • the temperature-adjustable electric blanket is wrapped around the hull shell, including the circumference of the hull and the upper deck of the hull, and the temperature-adjustable electromagnetic heating plate is arranged on the floating berth at the bottom of the hull in each cabin in the cabin and outside the hull bottom, which is divided into multiple units.
  • Control using wires and cables with high temperature resistance above 200 degrees, electromagnetic heating plates are connected to each other, the space around the floating berth and the berth at the bottom of the hull is sealed with electric blankets, the master control switch is used, and the temperature control switches of each unit are used to control the temperature. 90 ⁇ 120°C environment curing reaction foaming for 20 ⁇ 30 hours.
  • the exterior of the hull needs to be treated with anti-corrosion, and the power of the thruster must be installed.
  • the main beams and columns of the building are connected with the vertical and horizontal bulkheads A14, and the structural strength is the same.
  • the floor and the wall are made of two-layer steel plywood with 20mm plates. ,
  • the long-lasting anti-corrosion project in the cavity of the steel splint superimposed structure is the same as the main hull.
  • the hull structural strength and anti-corrosion engineering are the same as the steel plywood superimposed structure of the hull in the second embodiment.
  • the submerged floating dock is 2680 meters long, 580 meters wide, and 60 meters high. It is larger than the above hull, 38 meters shorter in height, and has a maximum displacement of 80 million tons and a maximum lifting capacity. 55 million tons, which can be used for maintenance on the surface of the international ocean-going scientific research ship in the second embodiment, matched with the same power of the international ocean-going scientific research ship, can walk freely in the ocean, can maintain and escort marine scientific research equipment , Diving ability to dive freely under 1000 meters underwater.
  • the structural design strength of the submersible dock is 3000 meters, and the island waterproof gate K1 is relatively weak. According to tests, the safe diving capability is 1200 meters.
  • the submerged floating dock and the above-mentioned international ocean-going scientific research ship, the steel splint superimposed structure, the internal anti-corrosion engineering of the steel splint cavity, and the compartment separation in the cabin are the same as the hull of the second embodiment, and there are many other differences.
  • Submerged dock the cabin in the middle of the cabin is the working area, the cabin areas on both sides of the working area are ballast water tanks, there is no building structure on the hull deck B1, there is a K series ship island.
  • the above-mentioned K series ship island is a 5-layer steel plywood structure, which is connected to the hull deck B1, the inner deck is a 3-layer steel plywood, the second floor of the ship island is the central control room K3, and the channel K2 is connected to the middle working area of the cabin.
  • the working area and the ballast tank have intercommunicating doors and are equipped with waterproof gates.
  • the passage K2 has a waterproof gate K1, a door frame K4, and a gate slot K6.
  • the outer layer is wrapped with 30mm titanium alloy plate, and the inner layer of steel plywood is 50mm shipbuilding steel.
  • the waterproof gate K1 and the door frame K4 is a 5-layer steel plywood structure (shown in Figure 7).
  • the above-mentioned waterproof gate K1 is 1.81 meters thick and has a 5-chamber steel plywood. According to the waterproof strength, the width is not more than 18 meters and the height is not more than 9 meters, which can be used for ocean exploration drilling equipment.
  • the above-mentioned working area and the ballast tank have an interconnected waterproof gate, which has the same structure as the above-mentioned waterproof gate K1, and is a small-size 3-layer steel plywood waterproof gate that can pass trucks.
  • L-shaped shoulder K5 around the gate slot K6 with a width of 400 mm and a thickness of a stiffened rib.
  • the door frame K4 above the L-shaped shoulder K5 is a 4-layer steel plywood connected to the second-story central control room K3.
  • the lifting power of the above-mentioned waterproof gate K1 is two screw lifts.
  • the two screw lifts have a linkage shaft connected to the drive shaft of the screw lift.
  • the screw heads at the other end of the two screw lifts are connected to the waterproof gate K1.
  • the above-mentioned compartment areas on both sides of the working area are ballast water tanks with interconnecting ports.
  • the ballast water tank has two rows of upper and lower sea ports B7 and B9.
  • the sea ports are connected to the ballast water.
  • Pneumatic two-way knife gate valve connection in the cabin hereinafter referred to as sea valve).
  • titanium steel boundary line B8 in the middle of the two rows of Tonghaikou B7 and B9 is the same as the titanium steel boundary line A12 in the second embodiment.
  • the shell below the boundary line is made of titanium alloy plate, and the above is shipbuilding steel.
  • the structural specifications of the thruster power cabin B5 are the same as those of the thruster power cabin A8 in the second embodiment, and the connecting port Q6 is connected to the cabin air compressor engine room Q5 (shown in Figure 8) ballast submersible discharge device Q series.
  • ballast diving tank Q2 is the lowest tank in the cabin area between both sides of the ship's side and the working area.
  • the ballast diving tank Q2 has interconnection ports, and the upper end bulkhead of the ballast diving tank Q2 is connected with airflow holes Q10. .
  • the second row of ballast submersible tank Q2 of the lowermost bottom tank is connected with the second row of high-pressure air storage tank Q9 on the upper layer with a high-pressure valve.
  • the high-pressure compressed air is provided by a high-pressure industrial unit air compressor.
  • the first row of cabins attached to the ship’s side is the air compressor engine room Q5, which is connected to the high-pressure air storage cabin Q9 with an air inlet pipe and an air inlet high-pressure valve Q8.
  • the air compressor engine rooms Q5 have interconnecting doors Q7 that communicate with each other.
  • the interconnecting doorway Q7 is the power installation channel of the pusher, and also the power supply and control circuit gallery channel, and the control circuit is connected with the central control room K3.
  • the above-mentioned high-pressure gas storage tank Q9 is connected with the lower-layer loaded submersible tank Q2 with a high-pressure valve, and the first row of ballast submersible tank Q2 at the bottom layer is also connected with the upper-layer air compressor engine room Q5 with a high-pressure valve, and the air compressor
  • the engine room Q5 and the cabin on the same floor at the end of the stern have interconnected doorways Q7 to communicate with the working area, and the stern cabin has a pusher power cabin.
  • ballast diving tank Q2 has a number of sea ports Q1 connected to the outside of the ship, and a sea valve is installed in the ballast diving tank Q2 close to the ship's side.
  • ballast diving tank Q2 and the upper layer water tank have several communication ports, and the communication ports are provided with a pneumatic two-way knife gate valve (hereinafter referred to as a water passage valve).
  • a water passage valve a pneumatic two-way knife gate valve
  • each of the above-mentioned sea valve and water valve controller has a waterproof box
  • each group of sea valve and water valve has an independent pipeline connected to the air source, and each group has an independent air control switch connected to the central control room K3 ;
  • the above-mentioned groups of high-pressure valves have a master control switch connected to the central control room K3.
  • each of the above groups represents a functional group, for example: a group of several sea valves are connected to sea port B7; a group of several sea valves are connected to sea port B9; a group of several sea valves are connected to Q1 Connection; a group of several ballast diving tanks Q2 and ballast water tanks connected to the water valve; a group of several air compressor engine room Q5 and high-pressure gas storage tank Q9 connected to the intake high-pressure valve Q8; a group of several A high-pressure valve connecting the high-pressure air storage tank Q9 and the lower-layer loaded submersible tank Q2; a set of several high-pressure valves connecting the ballast submersible tank Q2 and the air compressor engine room Q5.
  • the submerged dock is opened, the ballast water tank ports B7 and B9 are connected to the sea valve, the ballast water tank is filled with water, the submerged dock is in a suspended state, and the upper end surface of the deck and the outer water surface of the ship are flat.
  • the sea valve connected to the sea port Q1 is opened, the ballast diving tank Q2 is filled with water, and the submersible dock dives.
  • the high-pressure valve connecting the high-pressure gas storage tank Q9 and the lower-layer loaded diving tank Q2 will open, and high-pressure gas will be discharged.
  • the pressure is higher than the water pressure outside the hull, and the sea valve will open, compressing the ballast diving tank Q2. Drain to the outside of the hull.
  • ballast diving tank Q2 After the above-mentioned ballast diving tank Q2 is drained, the sea valve is closed, and the high pressure valve connecting the ballast diving tank Q2 and the air compressor engine room Q5 is opened, and the high pressure gas of the ballast diving tank Q2 flows to the air compressor engine room Q5. After discharge, the air compressor compresses the air again and stores it in the high-pressure air storage tank Q9, and recycles the compressed air.
  • ballast diving tank Q2 when the air pressure of the ballast diving tank Q2 is lower than the water pressure of the ballast water tank, the ballast diving tank Q2 and the ballast water tank water valve are opened, and the ballast water tank is poured into the ballast diving tank Q2 to the limit. At the position height Q3, the ballast diving tank Q2 and the ballast water tank water valve will be closed. At this time, the high pressure valve connecting the high pressure gas storage tank Q9 and the lower layer loaded diving tank Q2 will open, and discharge to the ballast diving tank Q2. Into the high-pressure gas.
  • ballast diving tank Q2 is higher than the water pressure outside the hull, the sea valve is opened, and the ballast diving tank Q2 is forced to drain to the outside of the hull, and the submerged floating dock continues to float.
  • ballast diving tank Q2 will drain outward at any time.
  • the high-pressure valve connecting the ballast diving tank Q2 and the air compressor engine room Q5 needs to be opened, and the ballast diving tank Q2 high-pressure gas is discharged, and the pressure is lower than the seawater pressure outside the ship.
  • the valve is opened, the ballast diving tank Q2 is filled with water, and the submersible dock continues to dive.
  • the design load strength is the same as the second according to the ocean walking and diving capabilities.
  • the hull strength of the embodiment the hull deck has no building structure, the structural strength of the vertical and horizontal bulkheads B10 is reduced, and the longitudinal wall panels B11 on both sides of the working area maintain 4 layers of steel plywood.
  • the ratio of the total weight of the seawater of the ballast tank to the total mass of the submerged dock is 1:1. Fully filled with water, the submerged dock is in a suspended state, and the end surface of the deck and the water surface outside the hull are horizontal planes.
  • the submersible dock in this embodiment is matched with the same power as the international ocean-going scientific research ship in the second embodiment. If ocean navigation is not required, it is only used as a submersible dock for shipbuilding or ship maintenance.
  • the load strength of each part of the hull is based on the actual budget. Reduce, match the power source required by the submersible floating system.
  • the deep-sea submarine and the deep-diving device include a hull with a superimposed structure of steel splints.
  • the above-mentioned deep-sea submarine has a pressure hull with a superimposed structure of high-strength steel splints, a high-strength waterproof gate, a deep-diving drainage device, a sea-going transit cabin, and an observation deck.
  • the above-mentioned deep-sea submarine has a steel splint superimposed structure of the hull, and a long-lasting anticorrosion project in the steel splint cavity is the same as the steel splint superimposed structure of the second embodiment.
  • the filling material adopts a bulk density of 600-700kg/m. 3 foam concrete, increasing the weight of the boat body mass, reduced water ballast space.
  • the C series are the main structural components of the deep-sea submarine;
  • the D series are the hydraulic cylinder power of the deep-sea drainage device and the sea transition cabin;
  • the E series are the deep-sea drainage device;
  • the F series are the sea transition Cabin;
  • G is the observation deck, etc., which are the important components of each part of the deep-sea submarine, and the control part of each component is connected to the central control room.
  • the deep-sea submarine in this embodiment adopts a streamlined elliptical design to effectively reduce water resistance when walking in deep seas.
  • the length of the hull is 220 meters
  • the maximum outer diameter of the deep-sea submarine shell C1 is 36 meters
  • the 8-layer steel splint is used for stacking.
  • the structure is 3.2 meters thick.
  • the outer hull and ballast water tank surface plate are made of 30mm titanium alloy plates; the longitudinal and longitudinal wall panels C2 and the inner deck C3 of the hull cabin are made of 4 layers of steel plywood, and the thickness is 1.4 meters.
  • the internal compartments are not more than 6 meters apart.
  • the structural strength and compressive strength of the deep-sea submarine are based on the theoretical budget of the cadre structure, and the submersible pressure capacity can reach 30,000 meters of deep sea pressure, and the structural strength of the hull can be strengthened as needed.
  • the ship island waterproofing department There are still weak links in the gate.
  • the actual waterproof capacity of the waterproof gate is set with two waterproof gates, and the theoretical diving capacity is only 15,000 meters.
  • the stern thruster power cabin C4 is connected with several propeller power cabins C6 on both sides of the hull.
  • the engine power cabin C6 is an integral structure with the deep-sea submarine shell C1, and the strength is the same 8-layer steel splint superimposed structure.
  • ballast water tank C7 Each compartment of the ballast water tank C7 has interconnection ports and is also an artificial channel port.
  • the deep submersible drainage device E is installed on the top of the ballast water tank.
  • the power source of the deep-sea submarine is arranged in the interval below deck C9.
  • the ballast tank C7 has an artificial passageway C10 and is equipped with a waterproof gate.
  • the ship island C12 and the deep-sea submarine shell C1 are constructed as an integral structure, with the same strength as an 8-layer steel plywood superimposed structure.
  • Two gates with the same specifications, the structure is the same as the K series waterproof gate in the third embodiment (shown in Figure 7)
  • the door frame and the waterproof gate strength are the same as the deep-sea submarine shell C1 with the same 8-layer steel plywood superimposed structure, the waterproof gate C13,
  • the width and height dimensions are no more than 3 meters.
  • the central control room is set on the upper layer of the ship island, and there are pipe corridor control lines connected to various series of control devices.
  • hydraulic cylinder D1 500T double-acting hydraulic cylinder D1
  • the above-mentioned several deep submersible drainage devices E are installed in two groups as a unit, and are arranged horizontally in the top compartment area of the ballast tank C7.
  • the two sets of hydraulic cylinders D1 are opposite to each other, and the cylinders of the hydraulic cylinder D1 are arranged in the cabin.
  • the high-pressure gas storage tank E1 is the high-pressure gas storage tank E1.
  • the sea transit cabin F is vertically arranged on the side of the ballast tank C7 at the front end of the deep sea submarine.
  • the sea transit cabin F series has only one set for each deep sea submarine.
  • the safety of the deep sea transit cabin F The power of the device is the same as the hydraulic cylinder of the deep diving device.
  • the high-pressure water tank E2 of the above-mentioned deep-sea drainage device E uses two layers of 50mm titanium alloy plywood with two layers of 50mm titanium alloy splints, the height of the ribs is about 200mm, the cylinder body diameter is 2 meters, the length is 5 meters, and the seawater capacity is 15 tons.
  • the deep-sea drainage device E In this embodiment, according to the hull specifications of the deep-sea submarine, at least 8 sets of the above-mentioned deep-sea drainage device E need to be installed.
  • the deep-sea drainage device E, the sea plum blossom tube E4 is connected to the outside of the hull, and the upper end is connected with the pneumatic bidirectional knife.
  • the gate valve is connected to the sea valve E5 (hereinafter referred to as sea valve E5).
  • sea plum blossom pipe E4 is in the deep sea, and the plum blossom pipe produces water resistance to seawater entering and has a pressure reducing effect.
  • the piston rod D2 of the hydraulic cylinder D1 strongly pushes the piston D3, and the sea plum blossom tube E4 has an enhanced pressurizing effect on the external drainage of the high-pressure water cylinder E2.
  • the piston D3, At least 4 layers of 50mm titanium alloy steel splints are used, and the height of the ribs is about 200mm.
  • the titanium alloy steel splint piston D3 has a seal at the circumferential opening of the steel splint and is made by fine turning and fine grinding.
  • the piston D3 has at least 3 passes. Fitted piston ring.
  • the water pipe connecting the sea valve E5 to the high-pressure water cylinder E2 is a straight pipe, and the pipe mouth is recessed into the cylinder wall of the high-pressure water cylinder E2, which does not affect the movement of the piston D3 and the piston ring.
  • the water pipe E6 and the pneumatic two-way knife gate valve pass water.
  • the valve E7 (hereinafter referred to as the water-pass valve E7) connecting pipe and the water pipe connected to the high-pressure water cylinder E2 are straight-through pipes, and the pipe port is recessed into the wall surface of the cylinder head.
  • the nozzle of the above-mentioned water pipe E6 is close to the bottom of the ballast tank C7.
  • a deep-sea submarine has only one set of sea transit cabin F series.
  • the deep sea transit cabin F is connected to one of the deep sea drainage devices E series.
  • the connected water pipe E8 is a straight pipe with water flow.
  • the valve E9 controls the passage of water with the transition compartment F2, and the water passage valve E9 is the same as the water passage valve E7.
  • the deep-sea drainage is completed by the deep-sea drainage device E when the drainage cannot be achieved through the high-pressure air source.
  • the high-pressure gas storage tank E1 inputs high-pressure gas to the ballast water tank C7 through the high-pressure valve E3, and the ballast water tank C7 is forced to drain outward.
  • the shallow water area ballast water tank drainage method is the same as the third implementation In the case of the diving dock, the ballast submersible discharge device Q drainage system.
  • sea water enters the high-pressure water tank E2 through the sea plum blossom pipe E4, and enters the ballast tank C7 through the water pipe E6, so as to realize the deep-sea submarine diving.
  • the deep-sea submarine reaches the expected depth of diving, closes the sea valve E5, the piston rod D2 of the hydraulic cylinder D1, pushes the piston D3 to the end of the high-pressure water cylinder E2, and blocks the pressure in communication with the sea valve E5 and the water valve E7 Of the water pipe.
  • the deep-sea transition tank F series in this embodiment is connected to one of the deep-sea drainage devices E, and the connected water pipe E8 is a straight pipe, and a water valve E9 controls the water flow with the transition tank F2.
  • the sea-passing transition tank F The cabin strength is the same as the E cylinder of the deep-sea drainage device.
  • the cylinder has a diameter of 2 meters and a height of about 3 meters.
  • the piston rod D5 of the 500T double-acting hydraulic cylinder D4 (hereinafter referred to as hydraulic cylinder D4) has a stroke of about 3 meters.
  • the gate F3 at the sea entrance of cabin F is made of 50mm titanium alloy three-layer steel plywood, with a stiffened rib height of about 200mm.
  • the titanium alloy steel plywood is circumferentially sealed and made by precision grinding.
  • the main function of the transit cabin F in this embodiment is that before the diver goes out to sea, the diver adapts to the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the boat in the transition cabin F2.
  • the transition is closed.
  • the inlet and outlet gate F1 of the cabin open the vent valve F4 and the water pipe E8 and the water valve E9 connected to the deep sea drainage device E series, and the deep sea drainage device E fills the transition compartment F2 with water.
  • the sea outlet gate F3 and close the ventilation Valve F4 the sea water is injected into the outer hull and merged with the water body of the transition compartment F2, and the divers go out to sea.
  • transition compartment F2 bulkhead is recessed so as not to affect the movement of piston D6 and piston ring.
  • the deep sea drainage device E draws out the sea water of the transit compartment F2, and opens the transit compartment entrance gate F1, and the diver returns to the work area.
  • the diving depth exceeds the safe depth of divers going to sea.
  • the divers can open the outlet gate F3 to collect seabed specimens or trap seabed creatures in the sea-passing cabin F2.
  • the F series of the sea-passing cabin is to further strengthen the safety protection for the sea estuary gate F3, and strengthen the load-bearing strength of the sea estuary gate F3.
  • the piston rod D5 of the hydraulic cylinder D4 Push the piston D6 firmly on the estuary gate F3 to increase the load strength of the estuary gate F3.
  • the piston D6 and the estuary gate F3 have a protrusion that coincides with each other.
  • the strength and production of the piston D6 are the same Piston D3.
  • An observation platform G is installed at the forefront of the deep-sea submarine, equipped with a high-definition camera, which can monitor the seabed outside the boat in an all-round way.
  • the design positioning of the power department of the above-mentioned international ocean-going scientific research ship is an all-electric green ship.
  • the international ocean-going scientific research ship according to the introduction of the technical personnel of the Ministry of Power, the power source, the use of small modular reactors, adopts nuclear power 500,000 KW layout, single reactor 125,000 KW, matching propeller power, 8000 KW, 50 10KV high-voltage motors, stern 18 units with a spacing of 20 meters; the bottoms on both sides of the ship’s side are rearward, and 16 units on each side, with a spacing of 50 meters.
  • the submerged floating dock in the third embodiment has the same matching power as the international ocean-going scientific research ship.
  • the deep-sea submarine in the fourth embodiment has matching power, a small modular reactor single reactor, and a power of 125,000 kilowatts.
  • the above-mentioned international ocean-going scientific research ships and submerged docks do not have rudders.
  • the steering is completed by the left and right pushers. Turn left, the power of the left pusher is weakened, and the power of the right pusher is increased; when turning to the right, the power of the right pusher is weakened. , The left pusher increases the power push.
  • the above-mentioned ships are matched to the power selection, and the power part is assembled synchronously when the ship is built.

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Abstract

一种钢夹板叠加结构包括:加劲肋(H3、H5),通过卡槽(H4)相互卡扣焊接,制成蜂巢状加劲肋板(H),由两块主钢板(1、2)与蜂巢状加劲肋板(H)双面贴合焊接制成钢夹板,由另一块蜂巢状加劲肋板(H)与钢夹板其中的一面贴合叠加焊接,该蜂巢状加劲肋板(H)的另一面再与第三块主钢板(3)贴合焊接,制成三层钢夹板叠加结构,通过钢夹板叠加结构的重复叠加焊接,制成钢夹板叠加结构;钢夹板叠加结构制成船体的各部分;船舱内甲板(A13)及纵横舱壁板(A14)把船体船舱内空间均匀分隔成多层若干个舱室。潜浮船坞、深海潜水艇、水上平台设备均包括该钢夹板叠加结构的船体。包括该钢夹板叠加结构的船体强度高。

Description

钢夹板叠加结构 技术领域
本发明涉及钢夹板叠加结构领域,尤其涉及一种钢夹板叠加结构的船舶。
背景技术
地球海洋面积占据71%左右,海洋资源丰富,恶劣多变的海洋气候,制约了人类远海的进一步探索,特别是神秘的海底,更是吸引着人类不停的去尝试探索,万米一下海底世界,总是牵动着无数海洋科学家的无穷幻觉,要实现海底行走自入,需要一个高强度的船体结构;
在现有海洋装备中,造船领域的动力和造船工艺早已成熟,缺少一个高强度船体结构;
现有船舶大多是单层骨架或双层骨架结构,船体架构整体强度不足,探索开发海洋资源受到限制,一直以来,海洋开发者都在不停的研发,希望有一整套高强度的海洋探索装备。
发明内容
本发明涉及钢夹板叠加结构,尤其涉及一种钢夹板叠加结构的船舶。
本发明的目的,在于提供一种高强度钢夹板叠加结构的船体,解决应对恶劣海洋气候缺乏的大型船舶问题。
本发明中,钢夹板叠加结构的船舶,包括,钢夹板叠加结构的船体、潜浮船坞、深海潜水艇、潜浮箱等技术方案。
本发明涉及的技术方案之一是,为了解决上述应对恶劣海洋气候缺乏的大型船舶问题,本发明公开了钢夹板叠加结构及船体的制作方法,钢夹板利用物理叠加效应增加船体各部整体强度,实现船体整体结构强度增大。
优选地,在本发明中,钢夹板叠加结构,选用加筋肋凹槽相互卡扣制成的高强度十字加筋肋结构。
在本发明中,钢夹板叠加结构,有加劲肋,通过卡槽相互卡扣焊接,制成双面平整的蜂巢状加劲肋板,由两块主钢板与所述蜂巢状加劲肋板双面贴合焊接,制成钢夹板,在由另一块蜂巢状加劲肋板与钢夹板的其中一面贴合叠加焊接,所述蜂巢状加劲肋板的另一面,在与第三块主钢板贴合焊接,制成钢夹板叠加结构的三层钢夹板,通过钢夹板叠加结构的重复叠加扩展焊接,制成钢夹板叠加结 构,制成船体各部的高强度钢夹板叠加结构的船体。
在本发明中,根据船体各部位荷载强度,通过钢夹板叠加结构,制成船体底板、船体甲板、船体两侧船舷、船体艏艉、船舱内甲板及纵横舱壁板等,船体各部位的钢夹板叠加结构。
进一步的,上述的船体,船舱内由甲板及纵横舱壁板,把船体船舱内空间,均匀分隔成多层若干个蜂巢叠加结构的船舱舱室,制成钢夹板叠加结构的船体,所述的船体,甲板上有楼体建筑。
本发明中,钢夹板叠加结构,适用于各领域,金属及非金属结构的叠加。
此外,本发明涉及到的另一技术方案:
为了使海洋探索有更大的保障,本发明提供了能够在海洋行走的潜浮船坞,用于对船舶的修造维护,为海洋探索装备护航。
本发明潜浮船坞,包括钢夹板叠加结构的船体,所述的船体,船舱内由甲板及纵横舱壁板,把船体船舱内空间,均匀分隔成若干个蜂巢叠加结构的若干层船舱舱室。
潜浮船坞船舱中部舱室是工作区,所述工作区与甲板外有通道连通,连通出口有舰岛及防水闸门,所述防水闸门上层是中控室,所述工作区两侧至船舷舱室区,是有相互连通口的压载水舱和压载潜水舱。
进一步的,上述的船舷两侧舱室区压载水舱下,最底层舱室区,是压载潜水舱,所述压载潜水舱有相互连通口,压载潜水舱上端壁有气流孔连通。
进一步的,上述靠船舷两侧最边缘两排舱室,最底层压载潜水舱,与第二层第二排高压储气舱有高压阀连通,提供高压压缩空气是由高压工业机组空压机,第二层贴船舷第一排是空压机机舱室,所述各空压机机舱室相互有连通门口,与高压储气舱有进气管和进气高压阀连通。
进一步的,上述压载潜水舱与空压机机舱室也有高压阀连通,所述空压机机舱室,与船尾同层最末端舱室相互连通工作区,所述船尾同层最末端舱室是推动器动力舱。
进一步的,上述压载潜水舱有若干个通海口与船体外连通,压载潜水舱内贴船舷设置有气动刀阀水阀门,通海阀。
进一步的,上述压载潜水舱与上层压载水舱有若干个连通口,所述连通 口设置有气动刀阀水阀门,通水阀。
进一步的,上述的各高压工业机组空压机,各通海阀及通水阀控制线有管廊与中控室连通,
本发明潜浮船坞,在上述压载水舱完全灌满水,潜浮船坞处于悬浮状态,甲板上端面与船体外水面是水平面,压载潜水舱灌水,潜浮船坞下潜。
潜浮船坞上浮,有高压储气舱向下层压载潜水舱排入高压气体,压力高于船体外水压,通海阀打开,压迫压载潜水舱向船体外排水。
进一步的,上述压载潜水舱水排空后,关闭通海阀,打开压载潜水舱与空压机机舱室连通的高压阀,压载潜水舱高压气体向空压机机舱室区排放,空压机再次压缩空气储存于高压储气舱,循环利用压缩空气。
如果,潜浮船坞停止上浮,通海阀关闭,压载潜水舱内水没有排空,压载潜水舱与空压机机舱室连通的高压阀不会打开,压载潜水舱会随时向外排水。
如果,潜浮船坞需再次下潜,压载潜水舱与空压机机舱室连通的高压阀需要打开,压载潜水舱高压气体排出,压力低于船体外海水压力,通海阀打开向压载潜水舱灌水,潜浮船坞继续下潜。
本发明中,潜浮船坞的船体各部,根据海洋行走及下潜能力,设计强度同第二实施例船体强度,动力系统匹配相同。
本发明中的潜浮船坞,如果无需远洋航行,只作为造船或船舶维护的潜浮船坞,船体各部载荷强度,根据实际预算减小,匹配潜浮系统所需动力源。
另外,本发明还涉及到另一技术方案:
为了探索海洋深处的秘密,本发明还提供了深海潜水艇及深潜装置,所述的深海潜水艇包括钢夹板叠加结构的船体。
上述深海潜水艇,有高强度钢夹板叠加结构的耐压艇体,高强度防水闸门,深潜排水装置,通海过度舱,所述过度舱有出海口通海闸门,通海过度舱前端有观察台。
进一步的,上述高强度防水闸门是舰岛出舱门,设置有内外两道闸门。
进一步的,上述的深潜排水装置动力及通海过度舱安全装置动力是液压缸。
进一步的,上述深海潜水艇需要下潜时,同时打开若干个深海排水装置 的通海阀,海水通过通海梅花管进水口进入高压水缸,经过通水管流进压载水舱,实现深海潜水艇下潜。
进一步的,上述深海潜水艇需要上浮时,在深海排水由深潜排水装置来完成,由液压缸活塞杆拉动高压水缸活塞,抽取压载水舱水进入高压水缸,再由液压缸活塞杆,推动高压水缸活塞,压迫高压水缸向外排水,实现深海潜水艇上浮。
进一步的,所述深海潜水艇在浅水区上浮,由高压储气舱向压载水舱输入高压气体,压迫压载水舱向外排水。
进一步的,上述通海过度舱,有出海口,所述出海口有可供人体方便进出的通海闸门,在潜水安全深度,为潜水员出海口。
进一步的,上述通海过度舱,在潜水员出海,首先进入过度舱内,关闭进舱闸门,有液压缸的高压水缸向过度舱注入满舱水,打开出海口通海闸门,深海潜水艇外的海水与过度舱海水融为一体,潜水员出海。
上述通海过度舱,深海潜水艇下潜超出潜水员潜水安全深度,科考人员在过度舱,通过出海口采集海底标本或诱捕海底生物。
另外,本发明涉及到的另一技术方案:
为了建造海洋探索装备,本发明还提供了一种潜浮箱的水上平台设备,所述的潜浮箱,包括钢夹板叠加结构。
上述的潜浮箱有上甲板、底箱板、四周壳体外壁板、箱体内甲板和纵横隔壁板组成,所述箱体内甲板和纵横隔壁板,把箱体内空间均匀分隔成若干个舱室,所述的箱体内甲板和纵横隔壁板有互通门口,所述潜浮箱外壁板有通向箱体内的门口,所述通向箱体内的门口有防水门。
潜浮箱外壁板底部近底箱板处,设置有至少一个气动刀闸阀,通水阀,所述通水阀有外接通气管,管口延伸布置在箱体甲板边缘,所述管口为活接管口。
本发明潜浮箱,能够在避风港湾,微风浪海面拼装一个大型水上漂浮船台,所述漂浮船台具有下潜功能,根据钢夹板内腔空间控制总质重,下潜深度设置在水下预定深度悬浮。
所述的潜浮箱如无需下潜功能,人工通道门口设置在甲板上,根据所需箱体规格,加大箱体结构强度,制作出各种规格箱体漂浮平台,理论上,在海面 可制作出无限大规格的箱体漂浮平台。
本发明中,上述的钢夹板叠加结构,还需要有更重要的,实现其最长久使用寿命的主要核心技术,是钢夹板腔体内部长效防腐。
在本发明中,钢夹板叠加结构的内部腔体防腐工程,引用了专利文献“金属结构腔体内部长效防腐”技术。
在本发明中,钢夹板叠加结构的船舶,通过建模预算,对钢夹板叠加结构的船体,发现了物理叠加效应,对钢夹板叠加结构的效果强度,基于无限放大理论,根据以下较大船体的模拟测试,得出了可行性依据。
根据现有造船工艺,船舶动力,造船钢的强度及焊接技术,根据材料力学理论及物理叠加效应,在研发过程中,根据所需钢板强度,选用了力学性能稳定的板材,造船钢Q690,50mm厚钢板,主要考虑,对符合强度要求的厚钢板,内应力的可控性,通过钢夹板集中受力连接均匀分布。
在设计中,钢夹板加劲肋,采用同主钢板同等材质钢板,加筋肋,高400mm,厚50mm,通过钢夹板叠加结构的集中均匀受力架构连接。
根据上述造船钢强度,船舶在海洋航行,对船体结构各部位受力强度材料预算,根据工程力学、材料力学、静力学、动力学、风浪力学等,力学理论,通过对钢夹板叠加结构的船体建模,模拟制作出,符合荷载强度标准的超大型船体,理论上,可制作出,长6万米,宽1万米,高度280米船体。
钢夹板叠加结构的船体,根据船体海洋航行各部受力强度,制成船体底板、船体甲板、船体两侧船舷、船体艏艉、船舱内甲板及纵横舱壁板,等船体各部位钢夹板叠加结构。
船体各部数据,是根据船体在海洋行走,各部受力载荷强度及整体抗力预算得出,采用造船钢Q690,50mm厚钢板,加劲肋400mm厚50mm。
根据上述超大型船体,各部位受力强度的材料预算,模拟制作出船体各部,船体底板及船艏部,要承受砰击载荷,使用28层钢夹板叠加结构,厚度12.2米;两侧船舷及船尾部,使用22层钢夹板叠加结构,厚度9.5米;船体甲板,使用12层钢夹板叠加结构,厚度5米;船舱内甲板及纵横舱壁板,使用8层钢夹板叠加结构,厚度3.2米,把船舱内空间分隔成8~10米规格舱室。
通过模拟测试,根据上述船体各部强度,模拟制作出的船体长6万米宽1万米, 船体高度280米,船舶整体结构强度,符合预期要求标准。
上述钢夹板叠加结构的船体强度,钢夹板叠加结构的船体公开,将为船舶制造领域带来新一轮发展高峰,是航海业再一次腾飞。
根据海洋工程,力学理论,物理叠加效应,钢夹板叠加结构的船舶技术,采用上述造船钢Q690,50mm厚钢板,加劲肋400mm,厚50mm,同等材料强度及结构,理论上,船体规格可无限增大。
现有高强度板材中,符合造船钢强度,已超过1000Mpa,焊接技术,焊缝强度已接近母体材料,船体完全可以达到无缝焊接。
在实际制造生产中,要制作上述规格钢夹板叠加结构的船体,不是件容易的事,很多海峡也无法通过。
但是,采用大型浮箱拼装出漂浮平台,建造个上述规格的漂浮平台,水上漂浮城市,是有可能实现的。
附图说明:
图1.潜浮箱透视结构示意图;
图2.潜浮箱主视图;
图3.船体主视图;
图4.钢夹板加筋肋构件示意图;
图5.船体横截面结构示意图;
图6.潜浮船坞主视图;
图7.潜浮船坞舰岛闸门;
图8.潜浮船坞压载潜水舱透视图;
图9.潜浮船坞横截面示意图;
图10.深海潜水艇透视图及横截面示意图;
图11.深海潜水艇构件示意图。
在本实施例中,主要为人类对海洋远海的进一步探索,特别是神秘的海底探索,提供了一整套高强度的海洋科考装备,有停留在海面,符合生活研发工作与一体,高强度船体结构的国际远洋科考船和潜浮船坞,有自由行走在深海的高强度深海潜水艇,提供给海洋科考团队一整套高强度的海洋探索装备,还有为制作一整套装备提供了潜浮箱。
在本实施例中,图示的部件结构、尺寸及形状并不代表实际的结构,也不代表结构之间的实际大小比例关系,图示只是对本发明实施例各部位予以说明。
在本实施例中,国际远洋科考船、潜浮船坞、深海潜水艇,采用上述造船钢Q690,50mm厚钢板,水下部分外壳层,采用30mm钛合金板,加劲肋,高度400mm,厚50mm;潜浮箱,采用Q345以上,20mm厚钢板,加劲肋,高度400mm,20mm厚钢板。
本实施例中,上述所有待焊接部焊缝,都须开“X”型坡口。
在本实施例中,焊接采用自由行走长臂焊接机器人,在板材横向焊接,焊接板材宽度能力在2.5米以内,长度不限,自由行走长臂焊接机器人,是对焊缝跟踪,实施全方位无盲区焊接。
如果采用人工焊接,需要加长焊枪,焊枪前端外加内视镜,人工容易疲劳,影响焊接质量,较小的潜浮箱可采用人工焊接外,船舶尽量避免人工焊接。
在本发明中,钢夹板叠加结构的内部腔体防腐工程,引用了专利文献号:CN108690987B“金属结构腔体内部长效防腐”技术;钢夹板叠加结构的内部腔体长效防腐,是有硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料做填充料对水分和氧气与金属彻底隔离来实现,理论上永久防腐。
在实施例中,国际远洋科考船、潜浮船坞、潜浮箱,钢夹板叠加结构的内部腔体长效防腐工程,填充料采用硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料(以下简称:填充料);深海潜水艇钢夹板叠加结构的内部腔体长效防腐,填充料采用泡沫混凝土。
在本实施例中需要注意的是,钢夹板叠加结构,腔体内部长效防腐工程,比船体焊接工程更复杂,难度更大,防腐填充料引流管采用直径至少100mm的PE波纹管,填充料灌注,采用高压大流量泡沫塑料灌注机。
在本实施例中,潜浮船坞和深海潜水艇及潜浮箱,所有通海管、通海阀、通水阀、舱内通水管使用钛合金材料,所述通海阀、通水阀是气动双向控制器刀闸阀。
下面结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、详细地描述。
以下对在附图中提供的本发明实施例的详细描述,并非旨在限制要求保护本发明的范围,而是针对本发明结构强度预算的选定实施例。
具体实施方式:
第一实施例,潜浮箱:
在本发明中,潜浮箱主要是用于建造海洋探索装备,在研发过程中,主要考虑建造船台的成本,施工期及施工场地等问题,最后采用建造成本低,施工简单的潜浮箱,在避风港搭建拼装漂浮船台,用于建造海洋探索船舶使用。
在实施例中,提在第一实施例进行实施说明,在权利要求书中对应位置是权利要求10,在发明内容中,潜浮箱排序在后。
钢夹板叠加结构的内部防腐工程,钢夹板腔体内部喷洒水性环氧树脂防腐涂料,预置填充料引流管PE波纹管,需要与制作焊接潜浮箱钢夹板同步进行,箱体施工及防腐工程,方法同第二实施例,在第二实施例中统一详细介绍,本实施例先对制作潜浮箱箱体做详细说明。
在实施例中,采用潜浮箱,拼装一个大型水上漂浮船台,需要建造很多个潜浮箱,建造首个,需要在造船厂船坞建造,后续在潜浮箱本体上和船坞同时建造。
根据建造船舶所需的潜浮箱,架构所需各部位强度,所述潜浮箱(图1所示),长、宽60米正方形,高30米,使用Q345以上,20mm钢板,加劲肋,高400mm左右,20mm钢板。
在实施例中,(图1所示)潜浮箱四周箱壁壳体、箱体内纵横隔壁板、箱体内甲板等T1部,采用两层钢夹板。
底箱板、甲板T2,标注1、2、3表示3层主钢板,制成3层钢夹板。
进一步的,上述的箱体,加筋肋T3采用H系列加筋肋(图4所示),加筋肋肋面开口H1,是为钢夹板内部腔体防腐工程,喷枪向内部喷洒水性涂料时防止形成堆积层。
进一步的,与上述加筋肋肋面开口H1连接的焊接通道口H2、H6,分别在高度40mm的加筋肋H3、H5中部,通经150mm左右,制成的加筋肋板,各个焊接通道口H2与H6排列成直线对齐,焊接机器人实施焊接时,钢夹板其中一面主钢板与加筋肋板焊接,焊接机器人机器臂,需要伸入焊接通道口H2或H6内实施焊接,所述焊接通道口H2、H6,同时也是钢夹板叠加结构的防腐工程填充料流道口。
进一步的,在加筋肋焊接时,有加劲肋H3与加筋肋H5,通过卡槽H4相互卡扣焊接,制成两面水平的蜂巢状加劲肋板H十字加筋肋板,由主钢板1和主钢板2与蜂巢状加劲肋板H两面贴合焊接,制成两层钢夹板T1。
进一步的,再由另一块蜂巢状加劲肋板H与上述两层钢夹板T1的主钢板2另一面贴合叠加焊接。
进一步的,在由上述蜂巢状加劲肋板H的另一面与主钢板3贴合焊接,制成钢夹板叠加结构的3层钢夹板,在由甲板T2或潜浮箱底箱板,与四周箱壁外壳体、箱体内纵横隔壁板、箱体内甲板,延伸制成箱体舱室空间距,不大于6米的潜浮箱。
在制作钢夹板叠加结构,加筋肋H3、H5的加筋面、卡槽H4及主钢板等各待焊接部,都须开坡口,确保焊缝根部焊透,保证焊接质量和连接强度,优选“X”型坡口。
进一步的,上述箱体内甲板和纵横隔壁板,把箱体内空舱均匀分隔成多层,若干个舱室T4,箱体内甲板和纵横隔壁板有互通人工通道口,在制作过程中所有通道口钢夹板开口处需封口,所述人工通道口是用来处理箱体内部防腐的人工通道,同时也是各个舱室互通的通水口。
潜浮箱外壁板有通向箱体内的人工通道门口T5,门框凹进外壁壳体表面至少200mm,通向箱体内的人工通道门口T5是防水门,所述人工通道门口T5,在箱体内部需要做防腐处理时才会打开使用。
进一步的,潜浮箱外壁板底部靠近箱底板处,设置有至少一个有气动双向刀闸阀,通水阀T6(以下简称通水阀),有外接通气管预置在箱壁钢夹板腔体内,管口延伸布置在箱体上甲板边缘,所述通气管口为活接管头T7在凹槽内(图2所示),凹进外壁壳体表平面至少200mm,凹槽宽至少200mm,高420mm,是加筋肋高度及外加一块主板厚度,方便人工插接管路,所述活接管头T7有防护盖,在潜浮箱拼装漂浮船台时,各个潜浮箱的通水阀T6,通过外接通气管活接管头T7加接连通管,使得漂浮船台所有潜浮箱通水阀T6,通过外接通气管相互连通或分区相互连通。
进一步的,上述舱室T4最顶层上端有储气空间,在潜浮箱上浮时,向箱内排放高压气体,压迫箱体向外排水,所述舱室T4最顶层上端,有个浮动开关 与通水阀T6控制端连接,当潜浮箱下潜时,箱体舱室T4灌水达到顶层上端设定限制水位,浮动开关启动通水阀T6控制端,关闭通水阀。
潜浮箱四角最少有两组以上高强度铰接环T9、T10、T11、T13(图2所示),铰接环T9、T10对角是双层铰接环,铰接环T11、T13对角是单层铰接环。
进一步的,在潜浮箱搭建拼装漂浮船台时,船台中部会有四个箱角相互叠合铰链,俩箱对角两组铰接环T9、T10双层对插,铰接环T9始终插在卡槽T8内,另外俩箱两组铰接环T11、T13,铰接环T11始终插在铰接环T10下,铰接环T13始终插在铰接环T9上,各铰接环中孔对齐,有铰接销串过各铰接环中孔,把各个潜浮箱拼装在一起,若干个潜浮箱拼装成大型水上漂浮船台,所述铰接销是有多节拼接组成,采用丝扣活接。
进一步的,上述铰接环T11、T13对角单层,铰接环T9、T10对角双层,拼装时,有规律认方向拼装,在制作潜浮箱时,方便铰接环间距尺寸准确定位,在搭建拼装漂浮船台时,确保上甲板T2保持整体水平面,根据漂浮船台设计要求,铰接环规格,在拼装的漂浮船台,各潜浮箱相互之间有至少保持50mm左右间距。
船台垫墩T14采用高强度塑料,开模浇筑制成质重标准体积等于海水密度1:1比例,使得船台垫墩T14停留在海水悬浮于水面,上端面与水面平,船台垫墩T14,规格不大于,高度800mm,宽一米,长度1.5米。
进一步的,上述船台垫墩T14两端有一个扣环T15,在建造船舶使用船台垫墩T14时,有带挂钩的连接绳,相互挂扣连接在船台垫墩T14两端扣环T15,把船台垫墩T14相互连接挂扣在固定扣环T12,在船舶建造完毕下水,漂浮船台下潜时会拖上船台垫墩T14。
本实施例中的潜浮箱,在避风港湾海面,拼装成大型水上漂浮船台,用于建造海洋探索装备,水上漂浮船台具有下潜功能,在需要下潜时,有外接高压气源,连接潜浮箱通气管活接管头T7总通气阀管路,打开所有通水阀T6阀门,潜浮箱灌水,实现漂浮船台下潜。
上述的外接高压气源,是独立装置在移动小船上的高压空压机及高压储气舱,为潜浮箱下潜或上浮提供外接气源。
制作潜浮箱施工图时,要做精准预算,根据潜浮箱钢夹板内腔空间容量 及防腐填充料质重,所产生的浮力与潜浮箱总重量,设置潜浮箱灌水基础比值。
进一步的,根据上述潜浮箱钢夹板内部腔体空间浮力容量比,精确调置出潜浮箱灌水量,下潜深度在水下至少1米深度,潜浮箱处于悬浮状态,减小漂浮船台与船舶离开时摩擦力。
潜浮箱上浮,需卸掉串在铰接环的铰接销,使得拼装的漂浮船台各个潜浮箱分离开,在有外接高压气源与通气管活接管头T16连接,外接高压气源同时与通气管活接管头T7连接,所述通气管活接管头T16设置与通气管活接管头T7相同,区别在于,通气管活接管头T16连接的通气管,只有串过箱壁壳体与箱体内连通长度。
所述高压气源,连接通气管活接管头T16,为潜浮箱内输入高压气体,压迫箱体内海水完全排出箱体外,潜浮箱上浮,潜浮箱内水体排空,完全浮出水面,通水阀T6阀门关闭。
本实施例中,潜浮箱单个排水量10.5万吨,为建造海洋科考装备定制,如做其他平台使用,如果不需要潜浮箱下潜或上浮功能,不用设置通水阀T6、活接管头T7和进气口T16,人工通道门口T5设置在甲板T2,根据所需要箱体规格,加大箱体结构强度,制作出所需要的各种规格箱体,理论上,可制作规格无限大的箱体海上漂浮平台。
第二实施例.钢夹板叠加结构的船体:
在本实施例中,根据钢夹板叠加结构的船体,为海洋探索定制了国际远洋科考船,为了应对恶劣海洋气候缺乏的大型船舶问题。
上述通过建模,对钢夹板叠加结构的船体,进行了较大船体的模拟测试,发现了物理叠加效应,对钢夹板叠加结构的叠加效果强度,基于无限放大理论。
在本实施例中,根据国际远洋科考船实际需要,对船体实施例进一步说明,所述船体,出船艏及船体底部船舷两侧有V型体,船体底板基本是平底面。
上述的国际远洋科考船,根据实际需要,建造船体长2600米,宽520米,高98米,最大吃水60米,最大排水量8000万吨。
在本实施例中,钢夹板叠加结构的船体,根据船体整体结构强度要求,船舱内甲板各层空间高度不大于8米,靠船体两侧船舷、船体艏艉,船体四周的舱室区,最少10排内舱室空间距不大于8米。
进一步的,上述的船体舱室区间规格的限制,还包括,靠船体甲板和靠船体底板,至少3层舱室区,空间距不大于8米,使得蜂巢叠加结构的船体,整体抗力增强,船舱中部舱室逐渐放大,根据船体结构,中心舱室最大空间距不大于15米。
进一步的,在上述船舱中部逐渐放大的舱室区,至少有一道贯穿环绕无人驾驶轻轨列车,所述列车通道有安全网隔离,无人驾驶轻轨列车,运行方式类似电梯。
下边根据上述的船体规格,首先建造船台,采用第一实施例中潜浮箱,在选定的避风港,最少60米深以上海湾,搭建拼装漂浮船台,潜浮箱,长、宽60米正方形,高30米,单个排水量10.5万吨,根据上述船体规格,漂浮船台搭建需要的潜浮箱,宽9个,长43个,总共387个,总排水量4000万吨的漂浮船台,符合建造上述规格船体要求。
接下来,根据第一实施例的潜浮箱,搭建拼装漂浮船台,根据建造,长2600米,宽520米船体规格,最少需要潜浮箱,宽9个,长43个,根据潜浮箱重量,需要拖船和可移动吊机配合搭建,可移动吊机在潜浮箱甲板上,协助调整铰接环角度位置。
进一步的,根据上述规格,宽度一排9个潜浮箱,向长度方向搭建,首先由拖船将潜浮箱集中,按两排同时并列拼装,向后延伸,拼装的潜浮箱,相互之间有至少保持50mm左右间距。
进一步的,按上述两排同时并列拼装,有4个潜浮箱按铰接环方向调整对接箱角,有4个箱角铰接环相互叠合铰链,按(图2所示)俩箱对角两组铰接环T9、T10双层对插,铰接环T9始终插在卡槽T8内,另外俩箱,两组铰接环T11、T13,铰接环T11始终插在铰接环T10下,铰接环T13始终插在铰接环T9上,各铰接环中孔对齐,有铰接销串过各铰接环中孔,把各个潜浮箱拼装在一起,所述铰接销是有多节拼接组成,采用丝扣活接。
进一步的,按上述拼装方式,两排18个潜浮箱拼装完毕,紧接着,第三排与第二排拼接,按相同方式拼装,一直延续扩展搭建至宽9个潜浮箱,长43排潜浮箱的全部拼装,最后,把漂浮船台所有潜浮箱气动刀阀水阀门,通水阀T6通气管,相互加接连通管,通过多管口管接头,与各个潜浮箱箱体,通气管口活 接管头T7相互连接,进气管口,留在漂浮船台最外边,到此,水上漂浮船台搭建拼装完毕。
下边对照附图,在上述漂浮船台建造国际远洋科考船做进一步描述。
根据上述船体规格,预算出船体各个部位所需强度,钢夹板利用物理叠加效应,实现船体整体结构强度增大。
首先,针对船体外部结构部署,做进一步的描述说明,参见(图3.船体主视图)。
图示中,甲板A1上有供科考团队工作生活所需的楼体建筑A2,根据船体甲板建筑面积或船体承载能力,可建造若干栋。
进一步的,所述建筑物A2间有若干个通风口A3,所述各通风口A3与船舱内贯穿环绕无人驾驶轻轨列车通道连通,有安全网隔离,列车运行中可有效抽动加速船舱内空气流通,所述通风口A3同时也是进入船舱内通道口,通经最小可通行大型卡车,有防水设施,雨水不能进入船舱内。
在船体结构中,船舶在海洋航行,船艏A4及船体底板A6,需承载砰击载荷,在船体制造中,结构强度比船舷A5及船尾A7强度高。
进一步的,上述船体两侧船舷A5临近船体底部,有若干个直径5米,长6~8米推动器动力舱A8,各推动器动力舱A8间距至少在30米左右,有连通口A9与船舷两侧船舱内第二层舱室连通。
进一步的,所述连通推动器动力舱A8的舱室,有宽和高至少4米通道与连通口A9相连,所述通道是推动器动力安装通道,所述通道口A9,在施工中,施工图纸有更详细的精确标示,在对应通道口A9位置,板材都有预制口,通道口A9横截面开口处,封口板采用20mm板材。
进一步的,根据钢夹板叠加结构的船体强度要求,上述的推动器动力安装通道,布置在靠船舱中部第十一至第十五排区间舱室,所述推动器动力安装通道,连通所有推动器动力舱,并且与船尾同层,最末尾一排的推动器动力舱相互连通,所述最末尾一排的推动器动力舱,各间距在30米左右,所述推动器动力安装通道,互通连通口宽、高至少4米。
进一步的,上述各舱室互通口,是推动器动力安装运输通道,同时也是控制线与动力源线路的管廊通道,控制线与动力源线路,连接各推动器动力舱A8内推动器动力,所述控制线与动力源线路,连接中控室。
进一步的,上述推动器动力舱A8与船体是整体结构,舱壁结构强度同船舷A5。
海水淡化系统连通船体外的通海管A10,采用钛合金管材,通海阀是电动刀闸阀,于船舱内海水淡化系统连接;所述的船舱内,还布置有垃圾处理厂、污水处理厂等,各类生活配套设施。
进一步的,上述通海管A10上部的吃水线A11,上端距离高度至少10米,是钛钢分界线A12,在船体四周钛钢分界线A12以下及船体底板,船体外壳一层板,使用钛合金板,包括推动器动力舱外壳,钛钢分界线A12以上船体部分,外壳使用造船钢板。
在本实施例中,建造钢夹板叠加结构,钢夹板的加筋肋板,需要预制。
优选地,在实施例中,钢夹板叠加结构,选用加筋肋凹槽相互卡扣制成的高强度十字加筋肋结构。
针对(图4所示),预制钢夹板的加筋肋板,在图示中,加筋肋肋面开口H1,是为钢夹板内部腔体防腐工程,喷枪向内部喷洒水性环氧树脂防腐涂料时,防止形成堆积层,所述喷枪是加长喷枪。
进一步的,与上述加筋肋肋面开口H1连接的焊接通道口H2、H6,分别在加筋肋H3、H5正中部,通经至少150mm,确保长臂焊接机器人的焊接长臂自由通过,所述加筋肋H3、H5高度40mm。
进一步的,在加筋肋焊接时,加劲肋H3和H5,通过卡槽H4相互卡扣焊接,制成蜂巢状加劲肋板H。
进一步的,上述蜂巢状加劲肋板H,各个焊接通道口H2或H6,排列成直线对齐,焊接机器人实施焊接时,钢夹板其中一面主钢板与蜂巢状加劲肋板H贴合焊接,焊接机器人机器臂,需要伸入焊接通道口H2或H6内实施焊接,所述焊接通道口H2、H6,同时也是防腐工程填充料流道。
下边,根据上述预制的蜂巢状加筋肋板H,制作船体。
在本实施例中,国际远洋科考船较大,在制作船体过程中,钢夹板叠加结构的内部腔体长效防腐工程,需要同步进行,钢夹板腔体内壁涂抹喷洒的是水性环氧树脂防腐涂料,填充料采用硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料(以下简称:填充料)。
在本实施例中,钢夹板叠加结构的船体内部腔体长效防腐,需要分区进 行,需预置引流管,引导填充料加速流动。
优选地,填充料引流管,采用直径至少100mm的PE波纹管,在焊接好的钢夹板内,由多叉管接头连接PE波纹引流管,在焊接通道口H2、H6预置填充料引流管,所述PE波纹引流管,每隔一米左右预制有口径至少50mm俩个圆孔,所述圆孔是填充料出口。
优选地,根据船体各部荷载强度预算,根据所需钢板强度,选用了力学性能稳定的板材,造船钢Q690,50mm厚钢板,钢夹板加劲肋,采用同主钢板同等材质钢板,加筋肋,高400mm,厚50mm,选用所述规格板材,主要考虑,对符合强度要求的厚钢板,内应力的可控性,通过钢夹板集中均匀受力连接,吸收释放内应力。
优选地,在制作钢夹板叠加结构,加筋肋及主钢板等各待焊接部,都须开坡口,确保焊缝根部焊透,保证焊接质量和连接强度,优选“X”型坡口。
优选地,在本实施例中,焊接采用自由行走长臂焊接机器人,焊接板材宽度能力在2.5米以内,长度不限。
优选地,在本实施例中,根据焊接机器人机器臂限制,板材选用上述规格造船钢Q690,50mm厚钢板,宽2.2米,长4~12米,水下部分外层板,采用厚30mm钛合金板。
进一步的,船体底板外层与钛合金焊接的加劲肋板,采用高度400mm,厚50mm通用加筋肋板。
进一步的,与上述船体底板区别的是,船艏、船尾、船舷两侧,钛钢分界线A12以下船体四周(图3所示),钛合金板与主钢板薄20mm,与钛合金板焊接的最外层钢夹板,加筋肋板规格,采用特制的420mm加筋肋板,一直到钛钢分界线A12,使得船体第二层,钛钢分界线上下的钢夹板主钢板一样平,其他部位,加筋肋板采用统一高度400mm,厚50mm通用加筋肋板。
根据上述板材,制成高强度钢夹板叠加结构的船体各部,(图5所示)1、2、3、4、5、6、7分别表示为几层主钢板;船体甲板A1采用5层钢夹板,厚1.85米;船体两侧船舷A5和船尾,采用6层钢夹板,厚2.3米;船体底板A6和船艏,采用7层钢夹板,厚2.75米;船舱内甲板A13采用3层钢夹板,厚0.95米;纵横舱壁板A14采用4层钢夹板,厚1.4米,根据各部位受力强度,制成船 体各部钢夹板叠加结构。
进一步的,上述纵横舱壁板A14与甲板上楼体建筑,楼群主体梁柱是整体结构。
进一步的,在上述船体各部结构,图示中,各部主钢板示出的N1、N2,所述N1是钢夹板腔体内部防腐工程填充料灌注口,所述N2是填充料互通流道口,各层钢夹板通过填充料互通流道口N2流通,在板材焊接前,需要根据施工图纸标注,预制填充料灌注口N1和互通流道口N2。
进一步的,上述填充料灌注口N1在各部钢夹板外表层主钢板,在各个防腐工程灌注区至少有两个,填充料灌注后需要焊接封口,灌注口N1周缘会产生高温区,所述灌注口N1采用钛合金板,口经100mm左右圆形,封口盖内面设置有盖厚半高螺纹,封口盖螺纹上半部是V型坡口,填充料灌注后,发泡至灌注口N1近口,旋紧封口盖螺丝,焊接封口,灌注口N1周缘至少距离钛钢连接部位100mm,预防烧伤内壁涂抹的水性环氧树脂防腐涂料。
进一步的,上述互通流道口N2是方形口或圆形口,通经至少120mm以上,确保填充料引流管通过,在各部钢夹板内层主钢板,各层至少俩平方米区间,有一个互通流道口N2,填充料引流管直径至少100mm的PE波纹管,通过多叉管接头,连接互通流道口N2及各层钢夹板内填充料引流管,加速钢夹板内填充料流动,所述互通流道口N2,在制作施工图纸中,明确标注布置在钢夹板加筋肋板蜂巢孔中部。
进一步的,钢夹板叠加结构的船体,内部腔体长效防腐工程,填充料灌注需要分区进行,船体结构中,船体底板A6、船体两侧船舷A5、船体艏艉A4、A7等部,采用独立分区灌注填充料;推进器动力舱A8独立分区;船体甲板A1、船舱内甲板A13、船舱内纵横舱壁板A14等部,采用按舱室分区灌注,每个舱室为一个单元。
进一步的,根据上述船体各部,灌注填充料的分区划分,现在参见图5进行细化分区,船体底板A6独立分区,按一个舱室范围船舱底板为一个单元分区。
进一步的,在建造焊接船体各部,要同时进行分区,并且,预置填充料引流管,分区隔离板,采用无孔加筋肋分隔,在各层钢夹板腔体内分隔,施工图 纸会有更详细明确标注说明,不能使用整块板一次性把多层钢夹板分隔,比如,船体底板A6主钢板1~7,采用整板一次分隔7层钢夹板,这样会破坏船体结构强度,焊缝本身比母体板较弱,不允许这样分隔,必须采用无孔加筋肋,在钢夹板腔体,对防腐填充料灌注区实施分隔。
在施工过程中,主钢板在对接时,各层主钢板焊缝都必须岔开,比如,主钢板1所有对接焊缝与主钢板2对接焊缝岔开,主钢板2对接焊缝与主钢板3焊缝岔开,船体各部钢夹板焊接,主钢板对接焊缝都需要岔开,这些细节说明,在施工图纸中,都有详细明确说明标注,并且会细化到各部位使用板材尺寸规格。
进一步的,上述防腐工程填充料灌注分区,船体两侧船舷A5也是独立分区,按舱室空间的一面舱壁为单元,图示中,为方便填充料高压灌注机施工,填充料灌注口N1预设在船舱甲板边侧,分区隔离板同船体底板A6,船体艏艉A4、A7部,分区同两侧船舷A5。
进一步的,船舱内各舱室,在船体结构中,上至船体甲板A1,下至船体底板A6,四周至少有10排舱室是一个规格,8x8x8米正方体舱室空间,分区按一个舱室为单元,舱室顶部甲板加至少两面舱壁板为分区单元,甲板A1分区同舱室,分区隔离板同船体底板A6,填充料灌注口N1,留在各单元主钢板上端面,船舱中部舱室较大,一个舱室需分多个单元。
本实施例中,钢夹板叠加结构的船体,建造过程中,采用整体焊接方式,不能依常规造船采用多节段拼接,钢夹板叠加结构不允许分节段拼接。
在本实施例中,根据焊接机器人数量,制定焊接机器人工作区间,首先,按船体规格图纸,把船体底板A6钛合金板1整层板,预先焊接制成船体底板外壳层。
在施工中,上板材都有机械吊机,预置填充料引流管,喷洒钢夹板腔体内部水性环氧树脂防腐涂料,有人工做。
进一步的,上述的船体底板A6外壳钛合金板1,每块板底面中部,都提前做防腐,每块钛合金板四周边距,留30mm左右宽度,在焊接后做防腐,防止焊接高温区烧伤油漆。
接下来,对本实施例中,国际远洋科考船实施焊接施工,从船体中部布置两排焊接机器人,向艏艉两端扩展施工,首先,按板材规格布置船台垫墩 T14,钛合金板选用的宽2.5米,比2.2米主钢板宽,长6米板,每块板下按长度顺方向,垫两个,规格尺寸不大于,宽1米,长1.5米,高800mm船台垫墩T14,所述船台垫墩T14长度方向与钛合金板顺向布置,分别垫在钛合金板两端中部。
进一步的,布置上述的船台垫墩T14,两端有一个扣环T15,使用带挂钩的连接绳,相互挂扣在两端扣环T15,船台垫墩T14布置到潜浮箱边缘,把挂钩挂扣在固定扣环T12。
进一步的,布置有两排焊接机器人,从船体中部分别向艏艉两端扩展施工,所有板材和加筋肋板等,各待焊接部,都必须开“X”型坡口,焊接双面施焊。
进一步的,首先将船体底板A6钛合金板1,按施工图纸焊接出船体底板A6整体外壳层,对照图纸标示,把蜂巢状加筋肋板H肋面,所要接触的对接焊缝焊恨位置打磨平,所述对接焊缝焊恨,在船体施工过程中,所有部位对接主钢板与蜂巢状加筋肋板H肋面接触的对接焊缝焊恨,都必须打磨平整。
进一步的,在上述钛合金外壳平面上,焊接上层钢夹板,由中部向两端施工,根据施工图纸标注,各部位所需材料尺寸规格,船吊都会对照对应部位上料,有移动吊机准确匹配到各部焊接位,根据焊接机器人数量,给焊接机器人分配所属施工区间。
进一步的,在上述钛合金板1与蜂巢状加筋肋板H贴合焊接,所述的蜂巢状加筋肋板H中部对齐钛合金板1对接焊缝焊接,使得上层主钢板2对接焊缝与钛合金板1对接焊缝岔开。
进一步的,在由主钢板2与上述蜂巢状加筋肋板H贴合焊接,制成第一层钢夹板。
进一步的,钢夹板叠加结构的内部腔体防腐工程,要同步进行,在上述钢夹板内部腔体,同时喷洒水性环氧树脂防腐涂料,加长喷枪长度大于2.5米,每块主钢板与加筋肋板制成钢夹板,就需及时对钢夹板内部腔体喷洒水性环氧树脂防腐涂料,同时在焊接通道口H2和H6内,预置填充料引流管,直径至少100mm的PE波纹管,采用多叉管接相互连接,这些工序有人工做。
进一步的,受焊接机器人机器臂焊接区间能力限制,加之焊接机器人只 能在平面自由行走,另外,根据钢夹板叠加结构要求,各层主钢板对接焊缝需要岔开焊接,钢夹板叠加结构的船体,整体结构不允许按常规造船,多节段拼接方式,船体各部钢夹板叠加结构,一层一层从船体中部向艏艉两端,由焊接机器人接力,阶梯式推进延伸焊接,在施工图纸标注填充料分区段,采用无孔加筋肋分隔。
进一步的,由蜂巢状加劲肋板H于上述主钢板2上一面贴合焊接,所述蜂巢状加劲肋板H与主钢板接触的肋面,对接主钢板焊缝焊恨都必须打磨平整,在由主钢板3与所述蜂巢状加劲肋板H另一面贴合焊接,制成第二层钢夹板叠加结构。
接下来,再由蜂巢状加劲肋板H与主钢板3另一面贴合焊接,主钢板4与蜂巢状加劲肋板H另一面贴合焊接,制成3层钢夹板叠加结构,再一层一层重复叠加焊接,向船体艏艉两端,阶梯式推进延伸焊接,制成钢夹板叠加结构的船体底板A6及船体各部。
进一步的,上述制作船体底板A6,根据钢夹板叠加结构的船体施工图纸明确标注,在第四层钢夹板,要对船舱内舱室纵横舱壁板A14生成基座根基,按施工图纸,把船舱均匀分隔成若干个舱室区,包括动力源舱以及舱室连通门口,船舱内甲板连通门口,及通道口预留方位,按施工图纸在对应位置,对应板材有预制通道口,在舱壁板及船舱内甲板对应部位板材,都有预制,各门口,钢夹板横截面开口处需要封口,封口板采用20mm板材。
另外,需要注意的是,船体甲板上楼体建筑主体柱,必须是与纵横舱壁板A14连体。
进一步的,上述制成的船体底板A6,按施工图纸标注,找出塔吊机井方位,所述若干个塔吊机井,同时是电梯机井,也是连通甲板上楼体建筑的电梯机井,塔吊基座固定螺栓,有螺栓固定支撑座独立焊接在船体底板A6主钢板7上,不能采用螺栓直接与主钢板7焊接方式,固定支撑塔吊架的螺栓有独立螺栓支撑座,与塔吊机井壁焊接,螺栓不能直接与机井壁焊接,主船体以外所有搭接部件,都必须另外生成焊接基座。
进一步的,上述的若干个塔吊,工作区间覆盖整个船体,焊接机器人施工区间进入各船舱舱室,船舱内甲板各层空间高度不大于8米,各舱室高度在8 米内,需要为焊接机器人配置,可升降移动的行走平台。
进一步的,上述舱室,在船舱中部会有大于大于12米规格舱室,焊接船舱内甲板需要支架,因为,船体采用4~12米板材,最长板材12米。
进一步的,根据船体各部位荷载强度,通过钢夹板叠加结构,制成船体各部所需强度的钢夹板叠加结构。
进一步的,上述的船体,船舱内由甲板及纵横舱壁板,把船体船舱内空间,均匀分隔成多层若干个舱室,船舱内甲板空间高度不大于8米,船体四周所有舱室,至少有10排空间距不大于8米的,船体底舱和顶部舱室区,最少有3层舱室空间距不大于8米,制成舱室层层叠加的整体蜂巢叠加结构船体。
本实施例中,钢夹板叠加结构的船体,甲板上楼体建筑的楼体主体总承载柱与船舱内纵横舱壁板连体,甲板上楼体建筑,在船体离开漂浮船台,下水后开始建造。
在本实施例中,钢夹板叠加结构的腔体内部长效防腐工程更重要,在上述的施工过程中,钢夹板内喷洒水性环氧树脂防腐涂料,各个角落每一处必须到位,不允许有疏漏,包括填充料引流管预置,严格按照施工图纸标注进行。
进一步的,钢夹板叠加结构的腔体内部长效防腐工程,各个填充料灌注区,采用高压大流量泡沫塑料灌注机,根据灌注机压力,根据填充料流速,调配硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料填充料发泡时间,确保浆液泡沫填料在灌注机进料桶保持不间断,足够量,确保在起泡前,灌足按体积比例所需浆液泡沫填料,流入钢夹板腔体各部位,填充料灌注完毕后,发泡至灌注口N1,旋紧封口盖螺丝,焊接封口。
钢夹板结构腔体内部长效防腐,是由填充料对水分和氧气与金属彻底隔离来实现,船体在泡沫塑料填充料灌注完,发泡后,需要进一步熟化反应发泡,才能得到硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料,熟化反应发泡需在90~120℃环境熟化反应发泡20~30小时。
优选地,在本实施例中,船体较大,无法在熟化车间完成,选择在船体本体,采用电热源加热熟化方式。
优选地,在船体外壳体包裹可调温电热毯,包括船体四周和船体上甲板,在船舱内各个舱室及船体底板外,船体底部漂浮船台上,布置可调温电磁发热盘, 分为多单元控制,采用耐高温200度以上电线电缆,电磁发热盘相互电源连接,漂浮船台船体周围与船体底部船台垫墩空间,采用电热毯加封,使用总控开关,加各单元温控开关控制温度,在90~120℃环境熟化反应发泡20~30小时。
上述的船体,在下水前,需要把船体外部做好防腐处理,推动器动力需加装完毕。
上述的船体甲板上楼体建筑,在船体下水后,离开漂浮船台开始建造,楼体主体梁柱与纵横舱壁板A14连体,结构强度相同,楼板与墙体,采用20mm板材两层钢夹板,钢夹板叠加结构的腔体内部长效防腐工程,同主船体。
第三实施例.潜浮船坞:
在本实施例中的潜浮船坞,船体结构强度及防腐工程,同第二实施例中的钢夹板叠加结构的船体。
在本实施例中,(图6所示)潜浮船坞,长2680米,宽580米,高60米,比上述的船体大,高度矮了38米,最大排水量8000万吨,最大托举能力5500万吨,能够为第二实施例中,国际远洋科考船托出水面进行维护,匹配有国际远洋科考船同等动力,能在海洋自由行走,能为海洋科考装备维护保养,保驾护航,下潜能力在1000米水下自由潜行。
潜浮船坞结构设计强度,下潜能力在3000米,舰岛防水闸门K1相对较弱,根据测试,安全潜水能力在1200米。
本实施例中,潜浮船坞与上述国际远洋科考船,其钢夹板叠加结构,钢夹板腔体内部防腐工程,船舱内舱室分隔与上述第二实施例船体相同,其它还有很多不同的地方,潜浮船坞,船舱中部舱室是工作区,所述工作区两侧的舱室区是压载水舱,船体甲板B1上没有楼体建筑,有一个K系列舰岛。
进一步的,上述K系列舰岛是5层钢夹板结构,与船体甲板B1连体,内甲板是3层钢夹板,舰岛二层是中控室K3,有通道K2连通船舱中部工作区,所述工作区与压载水舱有互通门,设置有防水闸门。
进一步的,上述K系列舰岛,通道口K2有防水闸门K1、门框K4、闸门插槽K6,外层是30mm钛合金板包裹,内层钢夹板是50mm造船钢,所述防水闸门K1及门框K4是5层钢夹板结构(图7所示)。
进一步的,上述防水闸门K1厚1.81米,5舱钢夹板,根据防水强度,宽 不大于18米,高度不大于9米,可供海洋探索钻探设备通行。
进一步的,上述的工作区与压载水舱有互通防水闸门,是与上述防水闸门K1相同结构,可供卡车通过的小规格3层钢夹板防水闸门。
进一步的,上述闸门插槽K6四周留有L型肩头K5,宽度400mm,一个加筋肋板厚度,L型肩头K5以上门框K4是4层钢夹板,连接二层中控室K3。
进一步的,上述防水闸门K1升降动力,是两台丝杆升降机,所述两台丝杆升降机,有联动轴相互连接丝杆升降机驱动轴,两台丝杆升降机另一端丝杆头与防水闸门K1上部两端铰链,有电机同步驱动两台丝杆升降机垂直升降防水闸门K1。
在本实施例中,上述的工作区两侧舱室区,是有相互连通口的压载水舱,所述压载水舱有上下两排若干个通海口B7、B9,通海口与压载水舱内气动双向刀闸阀连接(以下简称通海阀)。
进一步的,上述两排通海口B7、B9中部钛钢分界线B8同第二实施例中钛钢分界线A12,分界线以下外壳是钛合金板,以上是造船钢。
进一步的,推动器动力舱B5结构规格同第二实施例中推动器动力舱A8,连通口Q6与船舱内空压机机室Q5连通(图8所示)压载潜排装置Q系列。
进一步的,上述推动器动力舱B5下排,压载潜排装置Q系列,在潜水船坞船体两侧船舷B2底部,有若干个通海口Q1是压载潜水舱Q2通海口,与设置在压载潜水舱Q2内的通海阀连接。
进一步的,上述压载潜水舱Q2,是船舷两侧与工作区之间舱室区最底层舱,所述压载潜水舱Q2有相互连通口,压载潜水舱Q2上端舱壁有气流孔Q10连通。
进一步的,上述最底层底舱的第二排压载潜水舱Q2,与上层第二排高压储气舱Q9有高压阀连通,提供高压压缩空气是由高压工业机组空压机,所述第二层贴船舷第一排舱室是空压机机舱室Q5,与高压储气舱Q9有进气管和进气高压阀Q8连通,所述各空压机机舱室Q5有相互连通门口Q7互通,所述相互连通门口Q7是推动器动力安装通道,也是电源及控制线路管廊通道,所述控制线路与中控室K3连通。
进一步的,上述高压储气舱Q9与下层压载潜水舱Q2有高压阀连通,所述底层第一排压载潜水舱Q2与上层空压机机舱室Q5也有高压阀连通,所述空 压机机舱室Q5及船尾最末端的同层舱室,有相互连通门口Q7连通工作区,所述船尾舱室有推动器动力舱。
进一步的,上述压载潜水舱Q2有若干个通海口Q1与船体外连通,压载潜水舱Q2内紧贴船舷安装有通海阀。
进一步的,上述压载潜水舱Q2与上层压载水舱有若干个连通口,所述连通口设置有气动双向刀闸阀(以下简称,通水阀)。
在本实施例中,上述各个通海阀、通水阀控制器有防水箱,各组通海阀、通水阀,有独立管路与气源连接,各组有一个独立气控开关连接中控室K3;上述的各组高压阀有一个总控制开关连接中控室K3。
进一步的,上述的各组所代表的是一种功能组,例如:一组若干个通海阀与通海口B7连接;一组若干个通海阀与通海口B9连接;一组若干个通海阀与Q1连接;一组若干个压载潜水舱Q2与压载水舱连通的通水阀;一组若干个空压机机舱室Q5与高压储气舱Q9连通的进气高压阀Q8;一组若干个高压储气舱Q9与下层压载潜水舱Q2连通的高压阀;一组若干个压载潜水舱Q2与空压机机舱室Q5连通的高压阀。
本实施例潜浮船坞,打开压载水舱通海口B7和B9连接的通海阀,压载水舱灌满水,潜浮船坞状态处于悬浮状态,甲板上端面与船体外水面是平面。
进一步的,潜浮船坞需要下潜时,打开通海口Q1连接的通海阀,向压载潜水舱Q2灌水,潜浮船坞下潜。
进一步的,潜浮船坞上浮,高压储气舱Q9与下层压载潜水舱Q2连通的高压阀会打开,排入高压气体,压力高于船体外水压,通海阀打开,压迫压载潜水舱Q2向船体外排水。
进一步的,上述压载潜水舱Q2水排空后,关闭通海阀,打开压载潜水舱Q2与空压机机舱室Q5连通的高压阀,压载潜水舱Q2高压气体向空压机机舱室Q5排放,空压机再次压缩空气储存于高压储气舱Q9,循环利用压缩空气。
进一步的,当上述压载潜水舱Q2气压低于压载水舱水压时,打开压载潜水舱Q2与压载水舱通水阀,压载水舱水灌入压载潜水舱Q2至限位高度Q3时,压载潜水舱Q2与压载水舱通水阀会关闭,此时,高压储气舱Q9与下层压载潜水舱Q2连通的高压阀会打开,向压载潜水舱Q2排入高压气体。
进一步的,上述的压载潜水舱Q2内,压力高于船体外水压,通海阀打开,压迫压载潜水舱Q2向船体外排水,潜浮船坞继续上浮。
进一步的,当通海口B9完全露出水面,打开与通海口K9连接的通海阀加速排水,加快潜浮船坞上浮。
进一步的,上述的潜浮船坞在水下或水上停止上浮,通海阀关闭,压载潜水舱Q2内水没有排空,压载潜水舱Q2与空压机机舱室Q5连通的高压阀不会打开,压载潜水舱Q2会随时向外排水。
进一步的,上述的潜浮船坞需再次下潜,压载潜水舱Q2与空压机机舱室Q5连通的高压阀需要打开,压载潜水舱Q2高压气体排出,压力低于船体外海水压力,通海阀打开,向压载潜水舱Q2灌水,潜浮船坞继续下潜。
进一步的,上述的潜浮船坞需再次下潜时,通海口B9已浮出水面,此时,同时打开通海口B7连接的通海阀。
本实施例中(图9所示),潜浮船坞的船体甲板B1、船体两侧船舷B2、船体底板B4、船舱内甲板B12等各部,根据海洋行走及下潜能力,设计荷载强度同第二实施例船体强度,船体甲板无楼体建筑,纵横舱壁板B10结构强度减小,工作区两侧纵向壁板B11保持4层钢夹板。
进一步的,上述的工作区两侧纵向壁板B11中间间距,在制作施工图纸时,需要精确计算,压载水舱海水总容重与潜浮船坞总质量比是1:1,在压载水舱完全灌满水,潜浮船坞状态处于悬浮状态,甲板上端面与船体外水面,是水平面。
本实施例中的潜浮船坞,匹配有与第二实施例中,国际远洋科考船同等动力,如果无需远洋航行,只作为造船或船舶维护的潜浮船坞,船体各部载荷强度,根据实际预算减小,匹配潜浮系统所需动力源。
第四实施例.深海潜水艇:
在本实施例中,深海潜水艇及深潜装置,包括钢夹板叠加结构的船体。
上述深海潜水艇,有高强度钢夹板叠加结构的耐压艇体,高强度防水闸门,深潜排水装置,通海过度舱,观察台。
本实施例中,上述的深海潜水艇,艇体钢夹板叠加结构,钢夹板腔体内部长效防腐工程,同第二实施例中的钢夹板叠加结构的船体,填充料采用容重 600~700kg/m 3泡沫混凝土,增加艇体质重,减小压载水舱占用空间。
在图10、11中,C系列,为深海潜水艇主体结构部件;D系列,为深潜排水装置及通海过度舱的液压缸动力;E系列,为深潜排水装置;F系列,为通海过度舱;G为观察台,等,分别为深海潜水艇各部重要组件,各组件控制部连接中控室。
本实施例中的深海潜水艇,艇体采用流线型椭圆形设计,在深海行走有效减小水阻,艇体长220米,深海潜水艇壳体C1最大外径36米,采用8层钢夹板叠加结构,厚3.2米,艇体外层壳体及压载水舱表层板,采用30mm钛合金板;艇体舱内纵横壁板C2和舱内甲板C3,采用4层钢夹板,厚1.4米,艇体内舱室,空间距不大于6米。
建造深海潜水艇,使用第一实施例潜浮箱拼装漂浮船台,按长度方向拼装至少需4个潜浮箱。
本实施例中,深海潜水艇结构强度,耐压强度,按干部结构理论预算,下潜耐压能力达到3万米深海压强,并且,艇体结构强度可根据需要加强,但是,舰岛防水部闸门,依然存在薄弱环节,防水闸门实际防水能力,设置两道防水闸门,理论下潜能力只有1.5万米。
在图示中,艇尾推进器动力舱C4,与艇体两侧若干个推进器动力舱C6,有推动器动力安装通道相互连通,连通口C5与推进器动力安装通道连通,所述的推进器动力舱C6,与深海潜水艇壳体C1是一体结构建造,强度是同等的8层钢夹板叠加结构。
进一步的,上述推动器动力安装通道侧是压载水舱C7,所述压载水舱C7各个舱室有相互连通口,同时也是人工通道口,深潜排水装置E,安装在压载水舱顶部甲板C8与甲板C9区间舱室区,深海潜水艇动力源布置在甲板C9以下区间,压载水舱C7有人工通道口C10,设置有防水闸门。
进一步的,舰岛C12与深海潜水艇壳体C1,是一体结构建造,强度是同等的8层钢夹板叠加结构,舰岛中部有高强度防水闸门C13,是舰岛进出舱门,设置有内外两道规格相同闸门,结构同第三实施例中K系列防水闸门(图7所示),门框及防水闸门强度,同深海潜水艇壳体C1相同的8层钢夹板叠加结构,防水闸门C13,宽、高尺寸规格不大于3米,中控室设置在舰岛上层,有管廊控 制线路连通各系列控制装置。
进一步的,上述深海排水装置E排水动力,采用行程5米,500T双作用液压缸D1(以下简称,液压缸D1)。
进一步的,上述若干个深潜排水装置E,由两组为单元安装,平置布置在压载水舱C7顶部舱室区,液压缸D1两组缸底对置,液压缸D1缸体布置的舱室,同时是高压储气舱E1。
进一步的,通海过度舱F竖直布置在深海潜水艇前端压载水舱C7边侧,所述通海过度舱F系列,在每艘深海潜水艇只有一套,所述的深海过度舱F的安全装置动力,是同深潜装置的液压缸。
优选地,上述的深海排水装置E高压水缸E2,缸体壁厚,采用两层50mm钛合金夹板,加筋肋高度200mm左右,缸体内径2米,长5米,海水容量15吨。
在本实施例中,根据深海潜水艇的艇体规格,上述的深海排水装置E,至少需要加装8组,所述的深海排水装置E,通海梅花管E4连通艇体外,上端与气动双向刀闸阀,通海阀E5连接(以下简称,通海阀E5),所述通海梅花管E4在深海,梅花管对海水进入会产生水阻,具有减压作用。
进一步的,在深海排水装置E向艇体外排水时,液压缸D1的活塞杆D2强力推动活塞D3,通海梅花管E4对高压水缸E2的对外排水,有增强加压作用,所述活塞D3,采用至少4层50mm钛合金钢夹板,加筋肋高度200mm左右,所述钛合金钢夹板活塞D3,钢夹板圆周开口处有封口,精车细磨制成,所述活塞D3至少有3道搭合式活塞环。
进一步的,上述的通海阀E5连接高压水缸E2的水管是直通管,管口凹进高压水缸E2缸壁,不影响活塞D3及活塞环行走,通水管E6与气动双向刀闸阀,通水阀E7(以下简称,通水阀E7)连接管,以及连接至高压水缸E2的水管是直通管,管口凹进缸头壁面。
进一步的,上述通水管E6管口在压载水舱C7接近舱底。
在本实施例中,一艘深海潜水艇,只有一组通海过度舱F系列,所述深海过度舱F与其中一组深海排水装置E系列连通,连接的通水管E8是直通管,有通水阀E9控制与过度舱室F2通水,所述通水阀E9与通水阀E7相同。
在本实施例中的深海潜水艇,在深海排水,通过高压气源无法实现排水时,由深海排水装置E完成。
在浅水区排水,由高压储气舱E1通过高压阀E3向压载水舱C7输入高压气体,压迫压载水舱C7向外排水,所述浅水区压载水舱排水方式,同第三实施例中潜水船坞,压载潜排装置Q排水系统。
在深海潜水艇需要下潜时,同时打开若干个深海排水装置E系列的通海阀E5和通水阀E7,活塞D3退回高压水缸E2缸底,(图11示出状态),连接通海过度舱室F2的通水阀E9是关闭状态,此时,压载水舱C7内无高压气体或已经排除高压气体。
进一步的,海水通过通海梅花管E4进入高压水缸E2,经过通水管E6进入压载水舱C7,实现深海潜水艇下潜。
进一步的,所述深海潜水艇达到下潜预期深度,关闭通海阀E5,液压缸D1的活塞杆D2,推送活塞D3至高压水缸E2尽头,堵压在与通海阀E5和通水阀E7连通的水管口。
深海潜水艇在深海需要上浮时,若干个深海排水装置E,同时关闭通海阀E5,打开通水阀E7,液压缸D1的活塞杆D2,对活塞D3回拉,抽取压载水舱C7内的压舱水进入高压水缸E2,此时,通水阀E9是关闭状态。
进一步的,上述的活塞D3回拉至高压水缸E2缸底,高压水缸E2内水满,此时,关闭通水阀E7,打开通海阀E5,液压缸D1的活塞杆D2,推动活塞D3向缸前端方向推进,使得高压水缸E2满缸水,通过通海梅花管E4排出。
本实施例中的深海过度舱F系列,与其中一组深海排水装置E连通,连接的通水管E8是直通管,有通水阀E9控制与过度舱室F2通水,所述的通海过度舱F舱体强度同深海排水装置E缸体,缸体直径2米,高度3米左右,500T双作用液压缸D4(以下简称,液压缸D4)的活塞杆D5行程3米左右,所述的通海过度舱F出海口闸门F3,材料是50mm钛合金3层钢夹板,加筋肋高度200mm左右,所述钛合金钢夹板圆周封口,精磨制成。
本实施例中的通海过度舱F,主要功能是,潜水员出海前,在过度舱室F2内适应艇体内外海水的压差,在潜水员打开过度舱进出口闸门F1,进入过度舱室F2后,关闭过度舱进出口闸门F1,打开通气阀F4及通水管E8与深海排水装 置E系列连通的通水阀E9,由深海排水装置E向过度舱室F2注水,水满后,打开出海口闸门F3,关闭通气阀F4,艇体外海水灌入与过度舱室F2水体融为一体,潜水员出海。
进一步的,需要注意,在制作上述的过度舱进出口闸门F1、通水管E8、通气阀F4管口时,凹进过度舱F2舱壁,不影响活塞D6及活塞环行走。
进一步的,当潜水员出海工作完毕,反回过度舱室F2后,关闭出海口闸门F3,打开通气阀F4,深海排水装置E抽出过度舱室F2海水,打开过度舱进出口闸门F1,潜水员回工作区。
进一步的,通海过度舱F系列的另一个功能是,深海潜水艇,下潜深度超出潜水员出海安全深度,潜水员可打开出海口闸门F3,在过度舱室F2采集海底标本或诱捕海底生物。
进一步的,通海过度舱F系列还有另外一个重要功能是,为出海口闸门F3做进一步加强安全保护,加强出海口闸门F3承载强度,深海潜水艇在深海行走时,液压缸D4的活塞杆D5,推动活塞D6牢牢地压在出海口闸门F3之上,加大出海口闸门F3载荷强度,所述活塞D6与出海口闸门F3有个相吻合的凸起,所述活塞D6强度及制作同活塞D3。
深海潜水艇最前方设置有一个观察台G,装有高清摄像头,能够对艇外海底全方位监测。
上述本发明实施例中的技术方案,并非旨在限制要求保护本发明的范围,而是针对本发明结构强度预算的选定实施例。
本实施例中,上述国际远洋科考船,动力部的设计定位是,全电绿色环保船。
国际远洋科考船,根据动力部技术人员介绍,动力源,启用小型模块化反应堆,采用核动力50万KW布置,单堆12.5万KW,匹配推进器动力,8000KW,10KV高压电机50台,船尾18台,间距20米;船舷两侧底部靠后,一侧各16台,间距50米。
第三实施例中的潜浮船坞,匹配动力同国际远洋科考船。
第四实施例中的深海潜水艇,匹配动力,小型模块化反应堆单堆,功率12.5万千瓦。
上述的国际远洋科考船和潜浮船坞没有方向舵,转向采用左右两侧推动器完成,向左转向,左边推动器动力减弱,右边推动器加大动力推动;向右转向,右边推动器动力减弱,左边推动器加大动力推动。
上述船舶匹配选型动力,在建造船舶时,有动力部同步装配。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种钢夹板叠加结构及船体制作方法,包括钢夹板叠加结构的腔体内部长效防腐,其特征在于:钢夹板利用物理叠加效应增加整体强度;
    所述的钢夹板叠加结构,有加劲肋,通过卡槽相互卡扣焊接,制成双面平整的蜂巢状加劲肋板,由两块主钢板与所述蜂巢状加劲肋板双面贴合焊接,制成钢夹板,在由另一块蜂巢状加劲肋板与钢夹板的其中一面贴合叠加焊接,所述蜂巢状加劲肋板的另一面,在与第三块主钢板贴合焊接,制成钢夹板叠加结构的三层钢夹板,通过钢夹板叠加结构的重复叠加扩展焊接,制成高强度钢夹板叠加结构;
    所述的钢夹板叠加结构,根据船体规格所需各部位荷载强度,制成船体底板、船体甲板、船体两侧船舷、船体艏艉、船舱内甲板及纵横舱壁板等,船体各部位的钢夹板叠加结构;
    上述的船体,船舱内由甲板及纵横舱壁板,把船体船舱内空间,均匀分隔成多层若干个蜂巢叠加结构的船舱舱室,制成钢夹板叠加结构的船体。
  2. 如权利要求1所述钢夹板叠加结构的船体,其特征在于:所述的钢夹板叠加结构,适用于各种金属结构及非金属结构的叠加。
  3. 一种潜浮船坞,包括权利要求1钢夹板叠加结构的船体,其特征在于:所述的潜浮船坞,船舱内由甲板及纵横舱壁板,把船体船舱内空间,均匀分隔成若干个蜂巢叠加结构的若干层船舱舱室,所述船舱中部舱室是工作区,所述工作区与甲板外有通道连通,所述连通出口有舰岛及防水闸门,所述防水闸门上层是中控室,所述工作区两侧至船舷舱室区,是压载潜排装置,有相互连通口的压载水舱和压载潜水舱,有防水闸门与工作区连通。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的潜浮船坞,其特征在于:船舷两侧舱室区压载水舱下最底层舱室,是压载潜水舱,所述压载潜水舱有相互连通口,压载潜水舱上端壁有气流孔连通;
    所述压载潜水舱,与高压储气舱有高压阀连通,提供高压压缩空气是由高压工业机组空压机,所述高压储气舱与空压机机舱室,有进气管和进气高压阀连通,所述的压载潜水舱与空压机机舱室有高压阀连通;
    所述的压载水舱和压载潜水舱有若干个通海口与船体外连通,有通海阀;
    所述的压载潜水舱与上层压载水舱有若干个连通口,所述连通口有通水阀;
    所述的潜浮船坞,在压载水舱完全灌满水,潜浮船坞处于悬浮状态,甲板上端面 与船体外水面是平面,压载潜水舱灌水,潜浮船坞下潜;
    潜浮船坞上浮,有高压储气舱向下层压载潜水舱排入高压气体,压力高于船体外水压,通海阀打开,压迫压载潜水舱向船体外排水。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的潜浮船坞,其特征在于:所述工作区与甲板外的舰岛出口防水闸门连通;
    所述防水闸门强度同船体甲板,所述防水闸门规格可供大型装备通过;
    所述的防水闸门升降动力,是两台丝杆升降机或其他升降动力,所述两台丝杆升降机,有联动轴相互连接丝杆升降机驱动轴,两台丝杆升降机另一端丝杆头与防水闸门上部两端铰链,有电机同步驱动两台丝杆升降机垂直升降防水闸门。
  6. 一种深海潜水艇及深潜装置,包括权利要求1的钢夹板叠加结构的船体,还包括权利要求3至5的防水闸门结构和压载潜排装置,其特征在于:所述的深海潜水艇,有高强度钢夹板叠加结构的耐压艇体,高强度防水闸门,深潜排水装置,通海过度舱,所述的深潜排水装置动力及通海过度舱安全装置动力是液压缸,所述通海过度舱有出海口通海闸门,所述深海潜水艇最前方设置有一个观察台,装有高清摄像头,能够对艇外海底全方位监测。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的深海潜水艇及深潜装置,其特征在于:所述的高强度钢夹板叠加结构的耐压艇体,钢夹板叠加结构的内腔防腐填充料是泡沫混凝土,增加艇体质重,减小压载水舱占用空间;
    所述的高强度防水闸门是舰岛出舱门,设置有内外两道闸门;
    所述的深潜装置,两组为单元,平置布置在压载水舱顶部舱室区,液压缸两组缸底对置;
    所述的过度舱安全装置是同深潜装置的液压缸;
    所述的深海潜水艇需要下潜时,同时打开若干个深海排水装置的通海阀,海水通过通海梅花管进水口进入高压水缸,经过通水管流进压载水舱,实现深海潜水艇下潜;
    所述的深海潜水艇需要上浮时,在深海排水由深潜排水装置来完成,由液压缸活塞杆拉动高压水缸活塞,抽取压载水舱水进入高压水缸,此时,通海阀关闭状态,再由液压缸活塞杆,推动高压水缸活塞,压迫高压水缸向外排水,此时,进水阀关闭状态,通海阀开,向外排水,深海潜水艇上浮;
    所述深海潜水艇在浅水区上浮,由高压储气舱向压载水舱输入高压气体,压迫压载水舱向外排水,深海潜水艇上浮。
  8. 如权利要求6或7任一项所述的深海潜水艇及深潜装置,其特征在于:所述的通海过度舱,有出海口,所述出海口有可供人体方便进出的通海闸门,在潜水安全深度,为潜水员出海口;
    所述的通海过度舱,潜水员出海,首先进入过度舱内,关闭进舱闸门,由高压水缸向过度舱注入满舱水,打开出海口通海闸门,潜水艇外的海水与过度舱海水融为一体,潜水员出海;
    所述的通海过度舱,深海潜水艇下潜超出潜水员潜水安全深度,科考人员在过度舱,通过出海口采集海底标本或诱捕海底生物。
  9. 如权利要求6至8任一项所述的深海潜水艇及深潜装置,其特征在于:所述的通海过度舱,安全装置的液压缸活塞,有个与进出通海闸门相吻合的凸起,深海潜水艇在深海行走时,所述液压缸活塞与通海闸门相吻合的凸起,会牢牢地压在出海口闸门之上,加大出海口闸门载荷强度;
    所述的深海潜水艇,最前方的观察台,装有高清摄像头,在深海区,潜水员无法出海时,能够对艇外海底全方位监测。
  10. 一种潜浮箱的水上平台设备,包括权利要求1的钢夹板叠加结构的船体,其特征在于:所述的潜浮箱有上甲板、底箱板、四周壳体外壁板、箱体内甲板和纵横隔壁板组成,所述箱体内甲板和纵横隔壁板,把箱体内空间均匀分隔成若干个舱室,所述的箱体内甲板和纵横隔壁板有互通门口,所述潜浮箱外壁板有通向箱体内的门口,所述通向箱体内的门口有防水门;
    所述的潜浮箱,能够在避风港湾海面拼装一个大型水上漂浮船台,所述漂浮船台具有下潜功能,根据钢夹板内腔及箱体内空间控制总质重,下潜深度设置在水下预定深度悬浮;
    所述的潜浮箱如无需下潜功能,人工通道门口设置在甲板上,根据所需箱体规格,加大箱体结构强度,制作出各种规格海上箱体漂浮平台。
PCT/CN2021/070100 2020-01-08 2021-01-04 钢夹板叠加结构 WO2021139617A1 (zh)

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