WO2021137732A1 - Method for manufacturing a hull of a waterborne vessel - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing a hull of a waterborne vessel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021137732A1
WO2021137732A1 PCT/RU2020/050246 RU2020050246W WO2021137732A1 WO 2021137732 A1 WO2021137732 A1 WO 2021137732A1 RU 2020050246 W RU2020050246 W RU 2020050246W WO 2021137732 A1 WO2021137732 A1 WO 2021137732A1
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Prior art keywords
hull
manufacturing
floating
laid
composite matrix
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PCT/RU2020/050246
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French (fr)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Валерий Николаевич АНИСИМОВ
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Валерий Николаевич АНИСИМОВ
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Application filed by Валерий Николаевич АНИСИМОВ filed Critical Валерий Николаевич АНИСИМОВ
Priority to EP20909464.8A priority Critical patent/EP4086155A4/en
Priority to CN202080091238.3A priority patent/CN114901547A/en
Priority to US17/789,274 priority patent/US20220371706A1/en
Publication of WO2021137732A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021137732A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B5/00—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
    • B63B73/50—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms characterised by forming methods, e.g. manufacturing of curved blocks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B5/00—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material
    • B63B5/14—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced
    • B63B5/16—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced monolithic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B5/00—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material
    • B63B5/14—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced
    • B63B5/18—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced built-up from elements
    • B63B5/20—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced built-up from elements in combination with elements of other materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B5/00—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material
    • B63B5/14—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced
    • B63B5/22—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced with reinforcing members external to shell

Definitions

  • a known method of manufacturing the hulls of river and sea vessels from concrete or reinforced concrete [RU 2483965 C1, 10.06.2013]. It provides for the pre-selection of the type and the provision of a floating craft, the hull structure of which meets the requirements for concrete formwork.
  • the mentioned floating device is located in a displacement position. Provide the supply, distribution and compaction of the concrete mixture in the cavities formed by the structural elements of the body of the said floating vehicle, and the formation of a concrete or reinforced concrete body of the floating vehicle. Thus, in essence, the concrete is poured into the formwork.
  • a known method of manufacturing a reinforced concrete floating block containing the operations of building this structure in the dock and the output of the block to the water area on floating tanks [RU 2135384 C1 27.08.1999].
  • Construction operations include the forming of two reinforced concrete block structures in horizontal formwork forms. The shapes are symmetrically located relative to the dock diametral plane and are supported by hinges on the upper facing edges of parallelepiped supports located on the bottom of the dock. Transfer of formwork forms together with the formed block structures to a vertical position. Connection of reinforced concrete structures of the block with ties. Removal of formwork forms along guides to the walls of the dock chamber. Filling the dock with water and fixing floating tanks on the walls of the block.
  • the disadvantages of the methods are in labor intensity, due to the fact that it is necessary to manufacture the formwork. It is impossible to make the skin thin and light. The production time is very long - the concrete in the formwork hardens within 30 days. It is not possible to sheathe concrete externally. In addition, the first method requires a wet dock.
  • the closest technical solution is a method of building ships [US3668051 A 06.06.1972] using fiberglass or ferrocement technologies using a base material that defines the surface of a flexible sheet material, for example, from a loosely woven fabric or an elastic mesh reinforced with spring rods, for example, fiberglass or steel; the base material is attached to the frame and easily and easily accepts and forms a complex curved surface of the body, and then resin or concrete is added and allowed to harden.
  • a base material that defines the surface of a flexible sheet material, for example, from a loosely woven fabric or an elastic mesh reinforced with spring rods, for example, fiberglass or steel; the base material is attached to the frame and easily and easily accepts and forms a complex curved surface of the body, and then resin or concrete is added and allowed to harden.
  • it is impossible to make the external cladding of wood or composite the laboriousness of manufacturing due to the fact that large vessels are difficult to turn over after manufacturing, the board fastening does not imply its tight abutment and tightness
  • the technical result is achieved by using a method for manufacturing the hull of the floating vehicle, during which the skin is laid on the installed templates that copy the contours of the hull of the floating vehicle, the reinforcement is laid on the formed surface, then a composite matrix is applied.
  • a method of manufacturing the hull of a floating vehicle is possible, during which a skin is laid on the installed templates that copy the contours of the hull of the floating vehicle, the resulting surface is covered from the inside with a layer of liquid rubber, reinforcement is laid on the formed surface, then a composite matrix is applied.
  • plank sheathing provides additional protection against impact to the structure. Concrete itself is a brittle material.
  • the use of the skin leads to an increase in buoyancy, creates an attractive appearance.
  • the method of manufacturing the hull of the floating craft is the opposite of the traditional one.
  • the ship kit is installed inside the already formed skin (spacing) of the ship.
  • Figure 1 shows the hull of a floating craft made according to the method.
  • Figure 2 shows the hull of a floating craft made according to the method.
  • Figure 3 shows a process for manufacturing a hull of a floating craft according to the method.
  • sheathing 1 for example, boards
  • sheathing 1 for example, boards
  • any suitable material is used that meets the basic requirements: non-rotting, smooth (having a surface with minimal slip resistance on water), decoratively attractive.
  • flake sheathing or other type-setting can be used.
  • the resulting surface is optionally covered from the inside with a layer of liquid rubber 2 with a thickness of 1-3 mm. Rubber plays an insulating and damping function between the main structural body made of composite matrix 3 and the skin 1.
  • Pins 5 (Figs 1, 2) are inserted into the ship's skin in the places of the proposed installation of future frames 6 (Fig. 1).
  • the dowels hold the composite matrix and decorative cladding together.
  • reinforcement 4 is laid, which can be used, for example, fiberglass reinforcement with a pitch of 50-150 mm (depending on the size of the floating vehicle) along the ship's hull.
  • Composite matrix 3 (Fig. 2) is applied by pneumatic spraying with a thickness of 10-30 mm (the thickness corresponds to the dimensions of the floating vehicle).
  • the composite can be, for example, fiber-reinforced concrete or polymer resins with fiberglass filler.
  • Formwork is installed in the planned planes and concrete frames are formed. Depending on the size and purpose of the ship, the frames can be combined with the hold bulkheads.
  • the use of the method allows you to quickly and without unnecessary labor to make a floating vehicle. Including in the field, without the construction of capital structures. It is enough to bring or make templates on site. Lead or fabricate the sheathing on site. Place it on templates. And in the future, without significant labor costs, make a floating vehicle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of shipbuilding. Claimed is a method for manufacturing a hull of a waterborne vessel, which includes laying a casing on templates that mimic the contours of a hull of a waterborne vessel, laying a reinforcement on the surface formed, and then applying a composite matrix. The surface of the casing can additionally be coated on the inside with a layer of liquid rubber. A reinforcement is then laid on the surface formed and a composite matrix is applied.

Description

Способ изготовления корпуса плавучего средства Method for manufacturing the hull of a floating craft
Относится к области судостроения. Refers to the field of shipbuilding.
Известен способ изготовления корпусов речных и морских судов из бетона или железобетона [RU 2483965 С1, 10.06.2013]. Он предусматривает предварительный выбор типа и обеспечение наличия плавучего средства, конструкция корпуса которого отвечает требованиям, предъявляемым к опалубке для бетонных работ. Упомянутое плавучее средство располагают в водоизмещающем положении. Обеспечивают подачу, распределение и уплотнение бетонной смеси в полости, образованные элементами конструкции корпуса упомянутого плавучего средства, и формирование бетонного или железобетонного корпуса плавучего средства. Таким образом, по сути, бетон заливается в опалубку. A known method of manufacturing the hulls of river and sea vessels from concrete or reinforced concrete [RU 2483965 C1, 10.06.2013]. It provides for the pre-selection of the type and the provision of a floating craft, the hull structure of which meets the requirements for concrete formwork. The mentioned floating device is located in a displacement position. Provide the supply, distribution and compaction of the concrete mixture in the cavities formed by the structural elements of the body of the said floating vehicle, and the formation of a concrete or reinforced concrete body of the floating vehicle. Thus, in essence, the concrete is poured into the formwork.
Известен способ изготовления железобетонного наплавного блока, содержащий операции постройки этой конструкции в доке и вывод блока на акваторию на плавучих емкостях [RU 2135384 С1 27.08.1999]. Операции постройки включают формовку двух железобетонных конструкций блока в горизонтальных опалубочных формах. Формы симметрично расположены относительно диаметральной плоскости дока и опираются с помощью шарниров на верхние обращенные друг к другу ребра параллелепипедных опор, расположенных на днище дока. Перевод опалубочных форм вместе с отформованными конструкциями блока в вертикальное положение. Соединение железобетонных конструкций блока связями. Отвод опалубочных форм по направляющим к стенкам камеры дока. Заполнение дока водой и закрепление на стенках блока плавучих емкостей. A known method of manufacturing a reinforced concrete floating block, containing the operations of building this structure in the dock and the output of the block to the water area on floating tanks [RU 2135384 C1 27.08.1999]. Construction operations include the forming of two reinforced concrete block structures in horizontal formwork forms. The shapes are symmetrically located relative to the dock diametral plane and are supported by hinges on the upper facing edges of parallelepiped supports located on the bottom of the dock. Transfer of formwork forms together with the formed block structures to a vertical position. Connection of reinforced concrete structures of the block with ties. Removal of formwork forms along guides to the walls of the dock chamber. Filling the dock with water and fixing floating tanks on the walls of the block.
Недостатки способов в трудоёмкости, в связи тем, что необходимо изготовление опалубки. Невозможно сделать обшивку тонкой и лёгкой. Сроки изготовления очень длительны - бетон в опалубке застывает в течение 30 дней. Невозможно обшить бетон внешне. Кроме того, для постройки по первому способу необходим мокрый док. Наиболее близкое техническое решение - способ постройки судов [US3668051 А 6.06.1972] с использованием технологий стекловолокна или ферроцемента с использованием базового материала, определяющего поверхность, из гибкого листового материала, например, из свободно тканой ткани или эластичной сетки, армированной пружинящими стержнями, например, из стекловолокна или стали; материал основы прикреплен к каркасному каркасу и легко и просто принимает и образует сложную изогнутую поверхность корпуса, а затем добавляют смолу или бетон и дают им затвердеть. Недостатки: невозможно сделать внешнюю обшивку из дерева или композита, трудоёмкость изготовления в связи с тем, что большие судна сложно перевернуть после изготовления, крепеж доски не предполагает ее плотного примыкания и герметичности. The disadvantages of the methods are in labor intensity, due to the fact that it is necessary to manufacture the formwork. It is impossible to make the skin thin and light. The production time is very long - the concrete in the formwork hardens within 30 days. It is not possible to sheathe concrete externally. In addition, the first method requires a wet dock. The closest technical solution is a method of building ships [US3668051 A 06.06.1972] using fiberglass or ferrocement technologies using a base material that defines the surface of a flexible sheet material, for example, from a loosely woven fabric or an elastic mesh reinforced with spring rods, for example, fiberglass or steel; the base material is attached to the frame and easily and easily accepts and forms a complex curved surface of the body, and then resin or concrete is added and allowed to harden. Disadvantages: it is impossible to make the external cladding of wood or composite, the laboriousness of manufacturing due to the fact that large vessels are difficult to turn over after manufacturing, the board fastening does not imply its tight abutment and tightness.
Обшивка по данному решению не предполагается. Только покраска либо смолами, либо красками. Технический результат - снижение трудоёмкости изготовления корпуса плавучего средства. Sheathing for this solution is not expected. Painting only with resins or paints. The technical result is to reduce the complexity of manufacturing the hull of the floating vehicle.
Технический результат достигается использованием способа изготовления корпуса плавучего средства в ходе которого на установленные шаблоны, копирующие контуры корпуса плавучего средства, укладывают обшивку, на образовавшуюся поверхность укладывают арматуру, затем наносят композитную матрицу. The technical result is achieved by using a method for manufacturing the hull of the floating vehicle, during which the skin is laid on the installed templates that copy the contours of the hull of the floating vehicle, the reinforcement is laid on the formed surface, then a composite matrix is applied.
Для изолирующей и демпфирующей функции возможен способ изготовления корпуса плавучего средства в ходе которого на установленные шаблоны, копирующие контуры корпуса плавучего средства, укладывают обшивку, образовавшуюся поверхность покрывают изнутри слоем жидкой резины, на образовавшуюся поверхность укладывают арматуру, затем наносят композитную матрицу. For the insulating and damping function, a method of manufacturing the hull of a floating vehicle is possible, during which a skin is laid on the installed templates that copy the contours of the hull of the floating vehicle, the resulting surface is covered from the inside with a layer of liquid rubber, reinforcement is laid on the formed surface, then a composite matrix is applied.
Обшивка в виде доски даёт дополнительную защиту от ударных воздействий на конструкцию. Бетон сам по себе хрупкий материал. Кроме того, использование обшивки ведёт к увеличению плавучести, создаёт привлекательный внешний вид. The plank sheathing provides additional protection against impact to the structure. Concrete itself is a brittle material. In addition, the use of the skin leads to an increase in buoyancy, creates an attractive appearance.
Способ изготовления корпуса плавучего средства обратно противоположный традиционно существующему. Судовой набор устанавливается внутрь уже сформированной обшивки (шпации) корабля. На фигуре 1 показан корпус плавучего средства, изготовленный согласно способу. The method of manufacturing the hull of the floating craft is the opposite of the traditional one. The ship kit is installed inside the already formed skin (spacing) of the ship. Figure 1 shows the hull of a floating craft made according to the method.
1 - обшивка; 1 - sheathing;
2 - жидкая резина; 3 - композитная матрица; 2 - liquid rubber; 3 - composite matrix;
4 - арматура. 4 - fittings.
5 - нагели; 5 - pins;
6 - шпангоут-перегородка. 6 - bulkhead bulkhead.
На фигуре 2 показан корпус плавучего средства, изготовленный согласно способу. Figure 2 shows the hull of a floating craft made according to the method.
1 - обшивка; 1 - sheathing;
2 - жидкая резина; 2 - liquid rubber;
3 - композитная матрица; 3 - composite matrix;
4 - арматура. 5 - нагели; 4 - fittings. 5 - pins;
6 - шпангоут-перегородка; 6 - bulkhead-partition;
7 - киль 7 - keel
На фигуре 3 показан процесс изготовления корпуса плавучего средства согласно способу. Figure 3 shows a process for manufacturing a hull of a floating craft according to the method.
8 - шаблоны. Способ осуществляется следующим образом (фиг 1). На установленные шаблоны, копирующие контуры корпуса корабля, укладывается обшивка 1 (например доски), выполняющая роль несъемной опалубки. В качестве досок применяется любой подходящий материал, отвечающий основным требованиям: не гниющий, гладкий (имеющий поверхность с минимальным сопротивлением скольжению по воде), декоративно привлекательный. Кроме досок могут применяться чешуйчатая обшивка или иная наборная. Образовавшуюся поверхность опционально покрывают изнутри слоем жидкой резины 2 толщиной 1-3 мм. Резина играет изолирующую и демфирующую функцию между основным несущим корпусом из композитной матрицы 3 и обшивкой 1. 8 - templates. The method is carried out as follows (Fig. 1). On the installed templates, copying the contours of the ship's hull, sheathing 1 (for example, boards) is laid, which acts as a permanent formwork. As boards, any suitable material is used that meets the basic requirements: non-rotting, smooth (having a surface with minimal slip resistance on water), decoratively attractive. In addition to boards, flake sheathing or other type-setting can be used. The resulting surface is optionally covered from the inside with a layer of liquid rubber 2 with a thickness of 1-3 mm. Rubber plays an insulating and damping function between the main structural body made of composite matrix 3 and the skin 1.
В обшивку корабля вставляются нагели 5 (фиг 1, 2) в местах предполагаемой установки будущих шпангоутов 6 (фиг 1). Нагели скрепляют композитную матрицу и декоративную обшивку. Pins 5 (Figs 1, 2) are inserted into the ship's skin in the places of the proposed installation of future frames 6 (Fig. 1). The dowels hold the composite matrix and decorative cladding together.
На образовавшуюся поверхность укладывают арматуру 4, в качестве которой может быть использована например стеклопластиковая арматура с шагом 50-150 мм (в зависимости от размеров плавучего средства) вдоль корпуса корабля. On the formed surface, reinforcement 4 is laid, which can be used, for example, fiberglass reinforcement with a pitch of 50-150 mm (depending on the size of the floating vehicle) along the ship's hull.
Композитную матрицу 3 (фиг 2) наносят методом пневмонабрызга толщиной 10-30 мм (толщина соответствует размерам плавучего средства). В качестве композита могут например выступать фибробетон или полимерные смолы с наполнителем из стекловолокна. В намеченные плоскости устанавливается опалубка и формуются бетонные шпангоуты. В зависимости от размеров и предназначения корабля шпангоуты могут быть объединены с трюмными перегородками. Использование способа позволяет быстро и без лишних трудозатрат изготовить плавучее средство. В том числе в полевых условиях, без сооружения капитальных конструкций. Достаточно привезти или изготовить месте шаблоны. Привести или изготовить на месте обшивку. Разместить её на шаблонах. И в дальнейшем без значительных трудозатрат изготовить плавучее средство. Composite matrix 3 (Fig. 2) is applied by pneumatic spraying with a thickness of 10-30 mm (the thickness corresponds to the dimensions of the floating vehicle). The composite can be, for example, fiber-reinforced concrete or polymer resins with fiberglass filler. Formwork is installed in the planned planes and concrete frames are formed. Depending on the size and purpose of the ship, the frames can be combined with the hold bulkheads. The use of the method allows you to quickly and without unnecessary labor to make a floating vehicle. Including in the field, without the construction of capital structures. It is enough to bring or make templates on site. Lead or fabricate the sheathing on site. Place it on templates. And in the future, without significant labor costs, make a floating vehicle.
Все перечисленные достоинства существенно снижают стоимость и сроки изготовления изделия, что очень важно при массовом производстве в туристической развлекательной индустрии. All of these advantages significantly reduce the cost and production time of the product, which is very important for mass production in the tourist entertainment industry.

Claims

Формула. Formula.
1. Способ изготовления корпуса плавучего средства в ходе которого на установленные шаблоны, копирующие контуры корпуса плавучего средства, укладывают обшивку, на образовавшуюся поверхность укладывают арматуру, затем наносят композитную матрицу. 1. A method of manufacturing the hull of a floating vehicle, during which the skin is laid on the installed templates that copy the contours of the hull of the floating vehicle, the reinforcement is laid on the formed surface, then a composite matrix is applied.
2. Способ изготовления корпуса плавучего средства в ходе которого на установленные шаблоны, копирующие контуры корпуса плавучего средства, укладывают обшивку, образовавшуюся поверхность покрывают изнутри слоем жидкой резины, на образовавшуюся поверхность укладывают арматуру, затем наносят композитную матрицу. 2. A method of manufacturing the hull of a floating device, during which a skin is laid on the installed templates that copy the contours of the hull of a floating device, the formed surface is covered from the inside with a layer of liquid rubber, reinforcement is laid on the formed surface, then a composite matrix is applied.
PCT/RU2020/050246 2019-12-30 2020-11-05 Method for manufacturing a hull of a waterborne vessel WO2021137732A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20909464.8A EP4086155A4 (en) 2019-12-30 2020-11-05 Method for manufacturing a hull of a waterborne vessel
CN202080091238.3A CN114901547A (en) 2019-12-30 2020-11-05 Method for manufacturing a hull of a floating vessel
US17/789,274 US20220371706A1 (en) 2019-12-30 2020-11-05 Method for manufacturing a hull of a waterborne vessel

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RU2019144921A RU2726347C1 (en) 2019-12-30 2019-12-30 Method of making a hull of a floating facility (versions)
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SU49906A1 (en) * 1935-12-08 1936-08-31 В.В. Гостев The method of construction of composite wood-iron-concrete vessels
DE1506736A1 (en) * 1967-05-02 1969-07-10 Zerna Dr Ing Wolfgang Hull
US3668051A (en) 1969-05-29 1972-06-06 William H Seemann Compound-curved structure
FR2159224A1 (en) * 1971-11-08 1973-06-22 Beaufils Jean Francois
FR2224342A1 (en) * 1973-04-05 1974-10-31 Zaborski Pierre Reinforced concrete hull construction method - has shape formed by half shuttering supporting reinforcing material
RU2135384C1 (en) 1998-10-19 1999-08-27 Кирпичников Виталий Иванович Method of manufacture of reinforced concrete floating module
RU2483965C1 (en) 2011-12-27 2013-06-10 Владимир Максович Цырлин Method for construction of floating facility, predominantly river or sea vessel

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See also references of EP4086155A4

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CN114901547A (en) 2022-08-12
RU2726347C1 (en) 2020-07-13
US20220371706A1 (en) 2022-11-24
EP4086155A4 (en) 2024-03-06
RU2019144921A3 (en) 2020-06-22
EP4086155A1 (en) 2022-11-09

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