WO2021131036A1 - バルブアクチュエータ - Google Patents
バルブアクチュエータ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021131036A1 WO2021131036A1 PCT/JP2019/051504 JP2019051504W WO2021131036A1 WO 2021131036 A1 WO2021131036 A1 WO 2021131036A1 JP 2019051504 W JP2019051504 W JP 2019051504W WO 2021131036 A1 WO2021131036 A1 WO 2021131036A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- motor
- pulley
- worm
- housing
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
- F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
- F16K31/05—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor specially adapted for operating hand-operated valves or for combined motor and hand operation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
- F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
- F16K31/047—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor characterised by mechanical means between the motor and the valve, e.g. lost motion means reducing backlash, clutches, brakes or return means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
- F16K31/53—Mechanical actuating means with toothed gearing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a valve actuator. Specifically, it can be easily attached to a manual valve, the valve can be electrified, it is sufficiently compact so that it can be placed in a narrow installation space, and it has excellent power transmission performance. It relates to a valve actuator capable of highly accurate control.
- actuators have been widely used as a drive source for moving equipment by converting energy such as electricity and flood control into mechanical movements.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a valve actuator that is connected to a valve and opens and closes by the rotational force of a motor.
- valves are used in ship piping to control the fluid flowing through the piping, but in order to save the labor of opening and closing a huge number of manual valves, the manual provided in the piping is provided. There is a strong demand for electrification of these valves with valve actuators.
- the conventional valve actuator for electrifying the existing manual valve is attached by, for example, the following method.
- description will be made with reference to FIG.
- the handle 101 and the handle column 102 of the manual valve 100 are removed from the valve body (see FIG. 15 (a)), and the mounting bracket 104 is fixed to the valve body (see FIG. 15 (b)). Then, the valve actuator 103 is attached to the attachment bracket 104 (see FIG. 15C).
- the size of the entire valve becomes larger after the valve actuator is installed than before the valve actuator is installed.
- the size of the valve increases significantly in the height direction.
- the present invention was devised in view of the above points, and can be easily attached to a manual valve, the valve can be electrified, and the valve is sufficiently small so that it can be placed in a narrow installation space. It is an object of the present invention to provide a valve actuator which is improved, has excellent power transmission performance, and is capable of highly accurate control.
- the actuator of the present invention includes a housing, a motor that is arranged inside the housing and serves as a drive source having a rotation shaft, and a first motor that is attached to the rotation shaft of the motor.
- a second pulley that is paired with the first pulley and has a diameter larger than the diameter of the first pulley, and is stretched on the first pulley and the second pulley. It has a belt, a worm portion to which the second pulley is attached, and a worm wheel that is arranged orthogonal to the worm portion and transmits power by meshing the worm portion and gears, and is inside the housing.
- An arranged worm reducer a valve mounting portion that is attached to a predetermined valve having a handle and supports the housing above the handle, and a valve attachment portion that is attached to the worm reducer and can rotate by the driving force of the motor. It is provided with a bracket portion which is arranged between the housing and the handle and which is fitted with the handle to open and close the predetermined valve.
- the motor serving as a drive source having a rotating shaft, the first pulley attached to the rotating shaft, the second pulley paired with the first pulley, the first pulley and the second pulley
- a worm reducer having a stretched belt, a worm portion to which a second pulley is attached, a worm reducer which is arranged orthogonal to the worm portion and transmits power by meshing the worm portion and gears, and a worm reducer. It is attached to the machine and is configured to be rotatable by the driving force of the motor, and the bracket part that fits with the handle to open and close the predetermined valve outputs torque from the output of the motor and the valve at the bracket part. Can be opened and closed. That is, the valve can be electrified by supplying electric power to the motor.
- bracket portion is arranged between the housing and the handle, and by fitting with the handle, the torque obtained from the motor and the worm reducer inside the housing can be directly transmitted to the handle of the valve. it can.
- the entire actuator can be easily miniaturized.
- the first pulley attached to the rotating shaft of the motor the second pulley which is paired with the first pulley and has a diameter larger than the diameter of the first pulley, the first pulley and the first pulley.
- the rotation speed of the 2nd pulley can be made smaller than the rotation speed of the 1st pulley, and the output of the motor can be transmitted to the worm reducer. That is, not only the reduction ratio of the worm reducer but also the reduction ratio corresponding to the ratio of the diameter of the first pulley to the diameter of the second pulley can be obtained, and high torque can be obtained from the rotational force of the motor. It becomes possible to output.
- a motor having a small output and a small size can be used as the drive source, and the entire actuator can be made small.
- the ratio of the size of the diameter of the first pulley to the diameter of the second pulley is 1: 2 or less, the diameter of the two pulleys is kept as small as possible while keeping the two pulleys as small as possible. It is possible to obtain a high reduction ratio according to the size ratio.
- the angle formed by the rotating shaft and the belt and the angle formed by the belt and the worm portion are each approximately 90 degrees, and when the worm wheel is arranged surrounded by the rotating shaft, the belt and the worm portion, the motor
- the rotating shaft, belt, worm part and worm wheel can be compactly housed in the housing. As a result, the entire actuator can be made even smaller.
- the motor driver controls the first CPU that controls the pulse signal that controls the rotation position of the motor and the first CPU, and flows to the motor according to the sliding resistance when rotating the handle.
- a second CPU for adjusting the magnitude of the current is included, a high torque can be output to the motor as a drive source by using a motor having a small output and a small size. That is, for example, even if the load increases when the valve is closed, the rotation of the motor can be reduced, the current flowing through the motor can be increased, and the torque can be increased.
- the existing valve is electrified. It is possible to reduce the size of the motor driver compared to the valve actuator of. For example, in a commercially available valve actuator, it is not possible to make the CPU for the motor driver share the function of controlling the first CPU that controls the pulse signal. It will have a function to control the CPU. That is, in a commercially available valve actuator, the overall size is increased by the amount of the main control board provided separately.
- the motor driver since the motor driver includes the second CPU that controls the first CPU, the motor driver can be miniaturized, and as a result, it contributes to the miniaturization of the entire actuator.
- the motor has an absolute encoder that stores the absolute position of the rotation axis of the motor, it is possible to perform position control with high accuracy.
- memorizing the absolute position of the rotating shaft here means that even when power is not supplied to the motor and the power is off, the position information in the rotating operation of the rotating shaft is memorized, and the electric power is stored in the motor again. This means that the home return operation is not required when the power is supplied.
- the motor is set with a maximum current value which is the maximum current value that can be supplied within a predetermined drive time, and the second CPU sends the motor to the motor within a range of the predetermined drive time and the maximum current value.
- a motor having a small output and a small size can be used as a drive source, and the capacity of the motor can be fully utilized.
- a rated current that is guaranteed to operate even during continuous operation is set, and in a general-purpose controller, it is specified that the motor is driven under operating conditions based on the rated current. Further, if it is a short time, about three times the rated current is determined as the maximum current value (corresponding to the maximum current value in the claims of the present application), and within the specified time (corresponding to the predetermined driving time in the claims of the present application). If so, the motor manufacturer guarantees that the motor can be rotated at the maximum current value.
- the second CPU adjusts the current flowing through the motor within the range of the predetermined drive time and the maximum current value, so that the operating time is within the range specified by the manufacturer of the motor.
- the motor can be driven by applying a current equal to or less than the maximum current value whose operation is guaranteed to the motor.
- a motor having a small output and a small size is used, it is possible to obtain a drive output equivalent to that when a motor having a large output and a large size is operated at a rated current.
- operating conditions based on the rated current are set for the operation of the motor in order to support the use of the motor for various purposes.
- a particularly high torque is required, if the indicated rotation speed cannot be maintained, an error will occur instantly and the motor will stop. Therefore, if a motor is selected in consideration of operating conditions based on the rated current, it becomes necessary to select a motor having a sufficient output, that is, a large motor.
- the second CPU can adjust the magnitude of the current flowing through the motor according to the sliding resistance when rotating the handle. Therefore, even if a small motor with a small output is used, the number of revolutions of the motor is reduced as the load increases, and a large current is supplied below the maximum current value to increase the torque, which is specified by the motor manufacturer.
- the amount of work required to open and close the handle can be output within a predetermined drive time and maximum current value range. Further, since a small motor can be used, it contributes to the miniaturization of the entire actuator.
- the handle has a frame portion constituting the outer shape of the handle and a plurality of spoke portions connecting the center portion of the frame portion and the frame portion, and the bracket portion is formed with a slit for fitting with the spoke portion. A force is transmitted from the bracket portion to the spoke portion of the handle so that the handle can be rotated.
- the bracket portion is arranged inside the housing, and a plurality of mounting holes are formed on the circumference of the outer peripheral surface. If the valve mounting portion is detachable from the mounting protrusion via the mounting hole and has a pair of adapters that sandwich and fix the mounting protrusion, the adapter is mounted. By changing the position of the mounting hole of the mounting protrusion, it is possible to change the rotation angle of the actuator and fix the actuator to the valve mounting portion. That is, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom in the mounting position when mounting the actuator on the valve.
- the valve actuator of the present invention has a housing, a motor which is arranged inside the housing and serves as a drive source having a rotating shaft, and a third valve actuator attached to the rotating shaft.
- the first pulley, the second pulley which is paired with the first pulley and has a diameter larger than the diameter of the first pulley, and the first pulley and the second pulley are stretched. It has a belt, a worm portion to which the second pulley is attached, and a worm wheel which is arranged orthogonal to the worm portion and transmits power by meshing the worm portion and gears, and also has an inside of the housing.
- a worm reducer which is arranged in a worm and is configured to rotate a predetermined valve, and a valve mounting portion which is attached to the predetermined valve and supports the housing above the predetermined valve.
- the motor serving as a drive source having a rotating shaft, the first pulley attached to the rotating shaft, the second pulley paired with the first pulley, the first pulley and the second pulley It has a stretched belt, a worm part to which a second pulley is attached, and a worm wheel that is arranged perpendicular to the worm part and transmits power by meshing the worm part and gears, and rotates a predetermined valve.
- the enablely configured worm reducer can output torque from the output of the motor to open and close the valve with the worm reducer. That is, the valve can be electrified by supplying electric power to the motor.
- the points where the worm reducer fits with the valve are the handle of the valve, the valve stem of the valve, the connecting member provided on the valve stem of the valve, etc., for opening and closing the valve directly or indirectly. It includes a part where driving force can be applied.
- the first pulley attached to the rotating shaft of the motor the second pulley which is paired with the first pulley and has a diameter larger than the diameter of the first pulley, the first pulley and the first pulley.
- the rotation speed of the 2nd pulley can be made smaller than the rotation speed of the 1st pulley, and the output of the motor can be transmitted to the worm reducer. That is, not only the reduction ratio of the worm reducer but also the reduction ratio corresponding to the ratio of the diameter of the first pulley to the diameter of the second pulley can be obtained, and high torque can be obtained from the rotational force of the motor. It becomes possible to output.
- a motor having a small output and a small size can be used as the drive source, and the entire actuator can be made small.
- the valve actuator according to the present invention can be easily attached to a manual valve, can be electrified, is sufficiently miniaturized so that it can be placed in a narrow installation space, and has excellent power transmission. It has high performance and can be controlled with high precision.
- FIG. 2 It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the valve which attached the valve actuator which is an example of the valve actuator which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the whole structure of a valve actuator and a valve mounting part. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the internal structure of the housing in the valve actuator when the valve actuator and the valve mounting part shown in FIG. 2 are seen from above. It is a schematic plan view which shows the internal structure of the housing in a valve actuator. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the positional relationship of a bracket part and a valve mounting part in a valve actuator, and the structure of a valve mounting part.
- FIG. 6 It is a schematic process diagram which shows the process of attaching a valve actuator to a manual valve, (a) is a schematic process which shows the structure of the manual valve to be attached, and (b) shows the attachment of a stand part. It is a schematic view, and (c) is a schematic view which shows the fixing part of the stand part.
- FIG. 6 it is a schematic process diagram which shows the process of attaching a valve actuator to a manual valve
- (a) and (b) are schematic views which show the attachment of the second stand part
- (c) is It is the schematic which shows the attachment of the adapter and the attachment plate to the actuator main body.
- (A) is a schematic view showing a state in which the position of the actuator main body and the position of the stand portion are aligned, and (b) is a schematic view showing a state in which the mounting plate and the stand portion are fixed with clamp knob screws.
- (C) is a schematic view showing a state in which the actuator main body is attached to the valve, and (d) is a schematic view showing a state in which the lid portion of the housing is opened.
- (A) is a schematic view showing a state in which the AC / DC converter and the actuator main body are connected, and (b) is a schematic view showing a state in which the AC / DC converter and the actuator main body are integrated.
- valve actuator 1 which is an example of a valve actuator to which the present invention is applied will be described.
- the structure in which the valve actuator 1 is provided on the valve 2 is shown. That is, the valve actuator 1 functions as an actuator that opens and closes the valve 2.
- the valve 2 is a device installed in a pipe 200 through which a fluid flows (see FIG. 6A), which is installed in a ship and controls or adjusts the fluid.
- valve 2 is a spherical valve including a body 20, a handle 21, a valve stem (not shown), and a flange 22 (see FIGS. 1 and 6 (a)).
- handle 21 has a frame portion 210 that constitutes the outer shape, and a plurality of spoke portions 211 that connect the center of the handle 21 and the frame portion 210 (see FIG. 6A). Since the structure of the valve 2 is a known spherical valve structure, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- valve actuator 1 has an actuator main body 3 and a valve mounting portion 4 (see FIGS. 1, 2 and 3).
- the valve mounting portion 4 is a member fixed to the valve 2 and supporting the actuator main body 3. Details of the structure for fixing the valve mounting portion 4 to the valve 2 and the structure for connecting the actuator main body 3 and the valve mounting portion 4 will be described later.
- valve actuator 1 the type of valve to which the valve actuator 1 is attached is not particularly limited, and any valve having a rotation mechanism such as a handle for controlling the fluid can be attached to the valve actuator 1.
- the handle 21 of the valve 2 is not necessarily limited to the one having the frame portion 210 constituting the outer shape and the plurality of spoke portions 211 connecting the center of the handle 21 and the frame portion 210, and the bracket described later. It suffices if the valve 2 is configured to be openable and closable by fitting with the portion 8. For example, a shape having one spoke portion or a plate-shaped handle may be adopted.
- valve actuator 1 has an actuator main body 3 and a valve mounting portion 4.
- the actuator main body 3 has a housing 30, a motor 5, a belt transmission unit 6, and a worm reducer 7 (see FIGS. 3 and 4). Further, the actuator main body 3 has a bracket portion 8 (see FIGS. 2 and 5). Further, the actuator main body 3 has a servo driver 51 and an operator unit 53 (see FIGS. 3 and 4).
- the housing 30 is an exterior member that houses the main members constituting the actuator main body 3, such as the motor 5, the belt transmission unit 6, the worm reducer 7, the servo driver 51, and the operator unit 53.
- the housing 30 in order to show the internal structure of the housing 30, the state in which the top plate of the housing 30 is removed is shown.
- a substantially tubular protruding portion 300 is formed on the bottom surface side thereof, and the bracket portion 8 is arranged inside the protruding portion 300.
- the protruding portion 300 is a member corresponding to the mounting protruding portion according to the claim of the present application.
- the motor 5 is a drive source in the valve actuator 1 for generating a torque for rotating the valve stem of the valve 2 via the bracket portion 8.
- the motor 5 is composed of a brushless motor, which is one of DC-driven DC motors. Further, the motor 5 has a rotating shaft (not shown) (see FIG. 4).
- the belt transmission unit 6 is a power transmission mechanism for transmitting the power output from the motor 5 to the worm reducer 7. Further, the belt transmission unit 6 is also a speed reduction mechanism that increases the torque by reducing the rotation speed of the power output from the motor 5 and transmits the torque to the worm speed reducer 7.
- a power mechanism such as the belt transmission unit 6 is also generally referred to as a belt drive.
- the belt transmission unit 6 has a small diameter pulley 60, a large diameter pulley 61, and a belt 62 (see FIGS. 3 and 4).
- the small-diameter pulley 60 is a member that is attached to the rotating shaft of the motor 5 and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft.
- the large-diameter pulley 61 is a member that is attached to the worm portion 70 of the worm reducer 7, which will be described later, and rotates integrally with the worm portion 70.
- the belt 62 is a belt member stretched on the small diameter pulley 60 and the large diameter pulley 61.
- the unevenness formed on the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter pulley 60 and the large diameter pulley 61 and the unevenness formed on the inner peripheral surface of the belt 62 are fitted, and the small diameter pulley 60, the large diameter pulley 61 and the belt 62 are integrally formed. It is configured to rotate.
- the small diameter pulley 60 is a member corresponding to the first pulley in the claims of the present application. Further, the large diameter pulley 61 is a member corresponding to the second pulley in the claim of the present application.
- the unevenness formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the small-diameter pulley 60 and the large-diameter pulley 61 and the unevenness formed on the inner peripheral surface of the belt 62 are necessarily fitted to fit the small-diameter pulley 60, the large-diameter pulley 61, and the belt. It is not necessary for the 62 to rotate integrally.
- the belt 62 may be configured to transmit power by a frictional force generated between the small diameter pulley 60 or the large diameter pulley 61.
- the frictional force generated between the members is adjusted, and a large force of a certain value or more is applied.
- the belt 62 slips, the valve sealing material is damaged, and the sealing performance deteriorates. It can be deterred.
- a reduction ratio of 1: 2 can be obtained in the belt transmission unit 6 from the ratio of the diameters of the small diameter pulley 60 and the large diameter pulley 61.
- the torque output from the valve actuator 1 is defined according to the reduction ratio in the belt transmission unit 6 and the reduction ratio obtained from the worm reducer 7.
- a power transmission mechanism using a belt such as the belt transmission unit 6, is not generally used for an actuator because it is difficult to transmit a high torque (not suitable for a large power transmission). ..
- the valve actuator 1 of the present invention uses a motor 5 having an output of 100 W and a small size, so that a power transmission mechanism using a belt like the belt transmission unit 6 sufficiently transmits power. Is possible.
- the belt transmission unit 6 can reduce the rotational speed of the power of the motor 5 to increase the torque while transmitting the power to the worm reducer 7.
- the diameter of the large diameter pulley 61 is larger than the diameter of the small diameter pulley 60.
- the diameter of the small diameter pulley 60: large diameter pulley 61 1: 2 or less. preferable.
- the output value is not limited.
- a motor having an output of 50 to 100 W can be used.
- the worm reducer 7 is a speed reducer that increases the torque by further reducing the rotation speed of the power transmitted from the belt transmission unit 6 and transmits the torque to the bracket unit 8. Further, the worm reducer 7 has a reduction ratio of 1:50.
- the worm reducer 7 has a worm section 70 and a worm wheel 71 (see FIGS. 3 and 4). Each of the worm portion 70 and the worm wheel 71 is provided with a gear portion (not shown). Further, the worm wheel 71 is arranged orthogonally to the worm portion 70, and is a member that transmits power by meshing with each gear portion.
- the lower part of the worm wheel 71 is connected to the bracket portion 8. Further, the worm wheel 71 and the bracket portion 8 are configured to rotate integrally.
- a known strain wave gearing reducer can be adopted, and a detailed description of the structure will be omitted.
- the worm reducer 7 is not necessarily limited to one having a reduction ratio of 1:50, and a worm reducer having an appropriately changed reduction ratio can be used.
- the angle formed by the rotation axis of the motor 5 and the belt 62 and the angle formed by the belt 62 and the worm portion 70 are arranged so as to be approximately 90 degrees in a plan view.
- the worm wheel 71 is arranged so as to be surrounded by the rotating shaft, the belt 62, and the worm portion 70.
- each member of the motor 5, the belt transmission unit 6, and the worm reducer 7 can be compactly housed in the limited range of the small housing 30.
- bracket portion 8 is a member that rotates the handle 21 of the valve 2 by the power transmitted from the worm reducer 7. That is, the bracket portion 8 is a portion where the torque output from the actuator main body 1 is applied to the handle 21 of the valve 2.
- bracket portion 8 is fixed to the lower portion of the worm wheel 71. Further, the bracket portion 8 has a slit 80 formed on the side surface of the substantially tubular body from the lower end to the upper portion (see FIGS. 2 and 5). The slit 80 is a portion that fits with the spoke portion 211 of the handle 21 (see FIG. 5).
- a plurality of slits 80 of the bracket portion 8 are formed according to the number of spoke portions 211 of the handle 21. Further, the length of the slit 80 in the longitudinal direction is formed to be equal to or longer than the stroke distance of the handle 21 that moves up and down by opening and closing the valve 2.
- the handle 21 when the handle 21 is rotated, the handle 21 can be moved up and down within the range of the slit 80 of the bracket portion 8.
- the motor 5 is connected to a control system (not shown) and its drive is controlled.
- the system that controls the drive of the motor 5 is also connected to an absolute encoder (not shown).
- the absolute encoder is a member attached to the motor 5 that detects the rotated position information in the motor 5 and controls the position for the rotation operation.
- the drive of the motor 5 is controlled by a control system composed of a controller and a servo driver 51.
- the controller is a command unit that outputs an operation command signal to the servo driver 51.
- the servo driver 51 is a control unit that outputs a pulse signal to the motor 5 or controls the output so as to follow the command signal from the controller.
- the servo driver 51 is a member corresponding to the motor driver in the claims of the present application.
- the servo driver 51 has a lower CPU 520 and an upper CPU 520 (see FIG. 14).
- the lower CPU 520 referred to here is a member corresponding to the first CPU in the claims of the present application.
- the upper CPU 521 referred to here is a member corresponding to the second CPU in the claim of the present application.
- the lower CPU 520 is a member that transmits a pulse signal to the motor 5. Further, the lower CPU 520 acquires the position information of the rotation position of the motor 5 from the absolute encoder of the motor 5, and the information of the rotation position and the position information of the rotation position are the rotation information instructed by the upper CPU. It is a member that transmits information on the determination result of whether or not they match to the upper CPU 521.
- the lower CPU 520 is configured to be capable of outputting a pulse signal having a pulse modulation frequency of 20 kHz. As a result, the time for which the pulse signal for rotating the rotating shaft is output becomes shorter than that for the pulse signal having the conventional pulse modulation frequency of 10 kHz, and the rotating shaft can be driven more smoothly. As a result, the noise and vibration generated when the motor 5 is driven can be suppressed to a small level.
- the upper CPU 521 is a member that controls the lower CPU 520.
- the upper CPU 521 is a member that determines the rotation speed and the rotation position of the motor 5 and transmits the rotation information to the lower CPU 520. Further, the upper CPU 521 is configured to enable communication control from the outside of the valve actuator 1.
- the upper CPU 521 acquires from the lower CPU 520 the position information of the rotation position of the motor 5 and the information of the determination result as to whether or not the position information of the rotation position matches the rotation information instructed by the upper CPU. It is a member to be used. Further, the upper CPU 521 is a member that determines rotation correction control when the position information of the rotation position of the motor 5 does not match the indicated rotation position (theoretical value position information) based on the information acquired from the lower CPU 520. is there.
- the upper CPU 521 is configured to be able to independently control the rotation of the motor 5.
- the details of controlling the rotation of the motor 5 by the upper CPU 521 and the lower CPU 520 will be described later.
- the upper CPU 521 is a member that controls the lower CPU 520 that transmits a pulse signal to the motor 5, and the position information in which the motor 5 is rotated is the rotation information (theoretical value) instructed to the lower CPU. If it does not match, it has a function of correcting the pulse signal output from the lower CPU to correct the rotational operation of the motor 5.
- the servo driver (CPU for driver) has only the lower CPU 520 in the present invention, and does not include the member corresponding to the upper CPU 521.
- a main control board for example, generally having a size of 120 mm in width, 120 mm in length, and 18 mm in height
- the housing 30 or the actuator main body 3 becomes large.
- the servo driver 51 has the lower CPU 520 and the upper CPU 520, so that the valve actuator 1 can be further miniaturized.
- the servo driver 51 is made smaller by simplifying the members included in the servo driver 51. For example, the AD converter and DA converter included in the servo driver of the conventional valve actuator are removed. Further, the DA converter is made into a chip and included in the servo driver 51.
- the number of parts included in the servo driver 51 can be reduced, the servo driver 51 can be miniaturized, and the valve actuator 1 can be made even smaller.
- the upper CPU 521 may be further configured to be controlled by the network CPU 522 and the uppermost CPU 523.
- This network CPU 522 is a member that controls the operation of a plurality of valve actuators 1.
- the network CPU 522 is also a member that transmits a command from the highest-level CPU 523 to each valve actuator 1.
- the network CPU 522 is, for example, a member of a network control BOX connected to a leader machine by setting a leader machine in a plurality of valve actuators 1.
- the network CPU 522 can be responsible for bidirectional communication with the highest-level CPU 523 and overall control within the group. It is also possible to construct a network by configuring a plurality of groups.
- the uppermost CPU 523 is, for example, a member of a central monitoring device provided in a wheelhouse or the like, and can grasp the operating status of the piping system and determine the valve operation when an abnormality occurs (valve blockage or valve actuator 1). It is a member that performs stopping, etc.).
- the transmission of information from the network CPU 522 to the upper CPU 521 is indicated by the reference numeral S2, and the transmission of information from the upper CPU 521 to the network CPU 522 is indicated by the reference numeral T2. Further, the transmission of information from the highest-level CPU 523 to the network CPU 522 is indicated by reference numeral S1, and the transmission of information from the network CPU 522 to the upper-level CPU 5232 is indicated by reference numeral T1.
- the operator unit 53 is an operation unit for manually changing the settings of the servo driver 51 of the motor 5 and the worm reducer 7.
- the operator wants to change the setting conditions of each member, he / she can operate the operator unit 53 to perform the work.
- the operator unit 53 has operation buttons, a notation device, and the like (reference numerals omitted).
- valve mounting portion 4 is a member that is fixed to the valve 2 and supports the actuator main body 3.
- the valve mounting portion 4 has an adapter 40, a mounting plate 41, a stand portion 42, and a clamp knob screw 500 (see FIGS. 2, 3 and 5). Two of the adapter 40, the mounting plate 41, the stand portion 42, and the clamp knob screw 500 are arranged in pairs with the protruding portion 300 of the housing 30 as the center.
- the adapter 40 is a member that fixes the structure in which the mounting plate 41 and the stand portion 42 are integrated to the protruding portion 300 of the housing 30.
- the adapter 40 is configured to be detachable by selecting the position of a plurality of mounting holes 301 formed at regular intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the protrusion 300.
- the actuator main body 3 can be rotated in the direction indicated by the reference numeral R in FIG. 7C to change the direction, and the protrusion 300 can be fixed to the adapter 40.
- the direction of the actuator main body 3 is oriented by about 30 degrees in the rotation direction indicated by the reference numeral R in FIG. 7 (c). It can be changed and set. As a result, the degree of freedom in the installation position of the actuator main body 3 can be increased in accordance with the structure around the valve 2.
- the mounting plate 41 is a member that connects the adapter 40 and the stand portion 42.
- the stand portion 42 is a member for fixing the structure in which the adapter 40 and the mounting plate 41 are integrated to the flange 22 of the valve 2 (see FIG. 5).
- clamp knob screw 500 is a member that detachably fixes the mounting plate 41 and the stand portion 42.
- the clamp knob screw 500 can be attached to the mounting plate 41 and the stand portion 42 with the clamp knob screw 500 without using a separate tool, and the mounting plate 41 and the stand portion 42 can be easily fixed.
- a manual valve 2 to which the actuator main body 3 is attached is provided in the pipe 200.
- the stand 42 is attached to the flange 22 of the valve 2 via the bolt 420 and the nut 421.
- One stand 42 can be fixed to the flange 22 with a set of bolts 420 and nuts 421.
- the range indicated by reference numeral X is enlarged to show the portion fixed by the bolt 420 and the nut 421.
- the stand 42 is attached to the other flange 22 via the bolt 420 and the nut 421. By the flow up to this point, the work of fixing the stand 42 to the valve 2 is completed.
- the adapter 40 and the mounting plate 41 are attached to the actuator main body 3.
- the adapter 40 can select and fix the positions of the plurality of mounting holes 301 formed at regular intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the protrusion 300.
- the outer peripheral surface of the protruding portion 300 is sandwiched and fixed by the adapter 40 from both sides, and the adapter 40 and the mounting plate 41 are fixed. By the flow up to this point, the work of fixing the adapter 40 and the mounting plate 41 to the actuator main body 3 is completed.
- the positions of the mounting plate 41 and the stand 42 are aligned with the positions of the slit 80 of the bracket portion 8 and the spoke portions 211 of the handle 21, and the actuator main body 3 is connected to the valve 2. Install it.
- the positions where the mounting plate 41 and the stand 42 are connected are aligned, and the clamp knob screw 500 is inserted so as to penetrate both members to fix the mounting plate 41 and the stand 42. To do.
- the mounting plate 41 and the stand 42 can be fixed without using a separate tool or connecting member. Further, since the clamp knob screw 500 can be fixed by simply inserting the clamp knob screw 500 from the outside to the inside of the mounting plate 41, the clamp knob screw 500 can be easily inserted even in a limited work space of a ship. Can be attached.
- valve actuator 1 can be arranged with respect to the manual valve 2 in a simple process to electrify the valve 2.
- valve actuator to which the present invention is applied, it is also possible to connect an AC / DC converter to the actuator main body 3 to have a structure compatible with an AC power supply.
- an example of the structure and process for connecting the AC / DC converter will be described.
- a female connector 32 serving as a connection portion with the AC / DC converter 600 is provided on the upper part of the actuator main body 3. Further, a male connector 601 that can be electrically connected to the female connector 32 of the actuator main body 3 is provided below the AC / DC converter 600.
- the area surrounded by the reference numerals X1 and the reference numeral X2 in FIG. 9A is a portion where the female connector 32 and the male connector 601 are formed, and an enlarged view of the same portion is shown on the right side of FIG. 9A. Shown.
- the actuator main body 3 By electrically connecting the actuator main body 3 and the AC / DC converter 600 at the female connector 32 and the male connector 601 portion, the actuator main body 3 can have a structure compatible with AC power supply (FIG. 9B). reference). Further, the AC / DC converter 600 can be made to correspond to the difference in voltage by forming units having the same shape corresponding to different voltages.
- the valve actuator in the valve actuator to which the present invention is applied, unlike a general actuator, the valve actuator is not universally used for various purposes, but is used in a situation where a manual valve is electrified, for example. It is used for the following drive applications.
- the time during which the rotational operation of the object to be driven is continuously performed is within one minute or several tens of seconds.
- the rotation speed of the output shaft is about several tens of rpm, and the rotation operation of the object to be driven is completed.
- the output torque required for the rotational operation of the object to be driven fluctuates according to changes in sliding resistance.
- the change in sliding resistance is not limited to the one in which the sliding resistance changes due to the original drive, such as the opening and closing of a valve, but also the object whose sliding resistance changes due to aging and deterioration over time, and dust in the rotating mechanism. It also includes changes in the object whose sliding resistance changes due to the biting of foreign matter such as. Further, when the rotation mechanism (handle 21) moves up and down with rotation as in the manual valve 2 described above, the following driving conditions are also included. (5) The moving stroke of the rotating mechanism to be driven is within the range of about 5 mm to 50 mm.
- valve actuator to which the present invention is applied applies a driving force to an object to be driven with the above-mentioned contents.
- the main use is to electrify manual valves, but it can also be used to apply driving force to the steering wheel of a car, the rudder of a ship, and the like. Further, the present invention is not limited to these, and can be used for applications in which a driving force can be applied with the same contents.
- a scene in which it is necessary to apply a driving force using an actuator is, for example, an application in which a handle is turned to lift a heavy object by 1 to 2 m (for example, opening / closing a gate).
- the rotation operation of the handle extends to several tens of times or more, and the time during which the rotation operation is continuously performed may be several minutes or several tens of minutes.
- the rotation speed of the output shaft requires a faster rotation speed such as 100 rpm or more.
- the moving distance of the object is a longer stroke distance of 1 to 2 m.
- the upper CPU 521 of the servo driver 51 determines the current flowing through the motor 5 according to the sliding resistance when rotating the handle 21. It is configured to adjust the size (control the lower CPU 520).
- the motor 5 is set with a maximum current value which is the maximum current value that can be supplied within a predetermined drive time, and the upper CPU 521 causes the motor 5 to flow within a range of the predetermined drive time and the maximum current value. It is configured to adjust the value of the current.
- the standard referred to here is information on conditions related to operation guarantee set by the motor manufacturer for driving the motor 5.
- the motor in the conventional valve actuator has a rated current that can be guaranteed to operate even in continuous operation, and in a general-purpose controller, it is specified that the motor is driven by operating conditions based on the rated current.
- the maximum current is determined to be about 3 times the rated current for a short time, and the operation of the motor is guaranteed even if the motor is rotated at the maximum current value if it is less than the specified time. ing.
- general-purpose controllers are designed to stop the valve actuator when the operating conditions based on the rated current are not met.
- the case where the operating condition based on the rated current is not satisfied means, for example, that a current value larger than the rated current flows for a certain period of time or more, or a current value larger than the rated current flows multiple times within a predetermined time.
- the operating conditions based on such a rated current are set in order to prevent the motor from being damaged if power is forcibly applied to the motor.
- the upper CPU 521 is configured to adjust the value of the current flowing through the motor 5 according to the sliding resistance. Further, the upper CPU 521 is configured to adjust the value of the current flowing through the motor 5 within a predetermined drive time and maximum current value set by the standard of the motor 5.
- the upper CPU 521 can return the rotation speed and the value of the current flowing through the motor 5 to the normal setting conditions after the situation where the sliding resistance is lowered and a high torque is required has passed.
- the upper CPU 521 can adjust the magnitude of the current flowing through the motor 5 according to the sliding resistance when rotating the handle. Therefore, even if a small motor with a small output is used, the number of revolutions of the motor is reduced as the load increases, and a large current is supplied at a value equal to or less than the maximum current value to increase the torque. It is possible to output the amount of work required to open and close the handle within the range of the predetermined drive time and the maximum current value specified by.
- valve actuator 1 and the motor 5 to which the present invention is applied can be manufactured in the following sizes, for example.
- the actuator body 3 can be designed with a height of 72 mm, a width of 157 mm, and a length of 170 mm from the upper end of the handle 21 of the valve 2 to the upper end of the actuator body 3. It becomes. Further, the height of only the housing 30 of the actuator main body 3 can be designed with a size of 56 mm.
- the length and width are 40 mm, the length is 95 mm, and the size of the output of 100 W can be used.
- the servo driver 51 can be designed in a size of 30 mm in width, 80 mm in length, and 14 mm in height.
- the motor 5 has a length and width of 80 mm and a length of 116 mm, and can exhibit the same performance as a motor having an output of 400 W.
- valve actuator 1 to which the present invention described above is applied is sufficiently small in size, yet can control the opening / closing drive of the valve 2. Further, the valve actuator 1 can be independently controlled, and the rotational operation of the handle 21 can be controlled with high accuracy without the intervention of an operator.
- the valve actuator 1a which is another example of the valve actuator to which the present invention is applied, is mainly different from the valve actuator 1 described above in the structure of the valve mounting portion.
- the valve actuator 1a has an actuator main body 3a and a valve mounting portion 4a (see FIGS. 10 and 11).
- the actuator main body 3a has a housing 30a and a bracket portion 8a. Further, the housing 3a has a protruding portion 300a for fixing the valve mounting portion 4a (see FIG. 10).
- valve mounting portion 4a has a strut portion 41a and a mounting flange 42a (see FIGS. 10, 11 and 13).
- the actuator main body 3a has a motor 5a, a belt transmission unit 6a, and a worm reducer 7a (see FIGS. 11 and 12).
- the belt transmission unit 6a has a small diameter pulley 60a, a large diameter pulley 61a, and a belt 62a.
- the worm reducer 7a has a worm portion 70a and a worm wheel 71a (see FIGS. 11 and 12).
- the support column portion 41a of the valve mounting portion 4a is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the protruding portion 300a of the housing 30a, and serves as a member for connecting the housing 30a and the mounting flange 42a.
- the mounting flange 42a of the valve mounting portion 4a is arranged outside the support portion (reference numeral omitted) provided on the valve body of the valve, and the support portion is sandwiched and fixed by the pair of mounting flanges 42a to be fixed to the upper part of the valve. It is a member that supports the actuator body 3a.
- a joining member (not shown) is arranged in each of the pair of mounting flanges 42a, and mounting holes 420a for connecting the two mounting flanges 42a are formed (see FIG. 13).
- the operator can fix the mounting flange 42a to the valve simply by arranging the mounting flange 42a so as to sandwich the support portion of the valve and placing the joining member in the mounting hole 420a.
- valve actuator to which the present invention is applied can be attached to the valve with various structures.
- the actuator to which the present invention is applied can be easily attached to a manual valve, the valve can be electrified, and the actuator is sufficiently miniaturized so that it can be placed in a narrow installation space. It has excellent power transmission performance and can be controlled with high precision.
- Valve actuator 2 Valve 20
- Body 21 Handle 210 Frame part 211 Spoke part 22
- Flange 200 Piping 3
- Actuator body 31 Lid part 32
- Female connector 30 Housing 300 Protruding part 301 Mounting hole 4
- Valve mounting part 40 Adapter 41
- Mounting plate 42 Stand part 420
- Bolt 421 Nut 500
- Motor 51 Servo Driver 520
- Lower CPU 521
- Operator part 6 Belt transmission part
- Small diameter pulley Large diameter pulley 62
- Belt 600 AC / DC converter
- Worm reducer 70 Warm part 71
- Warm wheel 8 Bracket part 80 Slit
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Abstract
Description
場合には、モーターの回転軸、ベルト、ウォーム部及びウォームホイールを筐体の中に、コンパクトに収めることができる。この結果、アクチュエータ全体を、より一層小さくすることができる。
本発明を適用したバルブアクチュエータの一例であるバルブアクチュエータ1について説明する。なお、以下の事例では、バルブアクチュエータ1をバルブ2に設けた構造を示している。即ち、バルブアクチュエータ1は、バルブ2の開閉を行うアクチュエータとして機能する。
バルブアクチュエータ1は、上述したようにアクチュエータ本体3と、バルブ取付部4を有している。
また、モーター5は、図示しない制御システムに接続され、その駆動が制御されている。なお、モーター5の駆動を制御するシステムは、アブソリュートエンコーダ(図示省略)とも接続されている。アブソリュートエンコーダは、モーター5に取り付けられ、モーター5における、回転した位置情報の検出、及び、その回転動作に対する位置制御を行う部材である。
バルブ取付部4は、上述したように、バルブ2に固定され、アクチュエータ本体3を支持するための部材である。
続いて、本発明を適用したバルブアクチュエータ1におけるモーター5の制御について説明する。
(1)駆動させる対象の回転動作の範囲が、数回から十数回程度の回転動作に収まるもの。
(2)駆動させる対象の回転動作が連続的に行われる時間が、1分以内、または、数十秒程度に収まるもの。
(3)上記の(1)、(2)の条件と関連して、出力軸の回転速度が数十rpm程度の回転速度で、駆動させる対象の回転動作が完了するもの。
(4)駆動させる対象の回転動作に必要となる出力トルクが、摺動抵抗の変化に応じて変動するもの。なお、摺動抵抗の変化は、バルブの開閉のように、元々の駆動で摺動抵抗が変化するものだけでなく、経年・経時劣化により摺動抵抗が変化する対象物や、回転機構におけるゴミ等の異物の噛み込みにより摺動抵抗が変化する対象物における変化も含まれる。
また、上述した手動のバルブ2のように、回転機構(ハンドル21)が回転に伴い上下動するものである場合には、以下の駆動の条件も含まれる。
(5)駆動させる対象の回転機構の移動ストロークが5mm~50mm程度の範囲に収まるもの。
なお、以下の説明では、上述したバルブアクチュエータ1の構造とは異なる点を中心に説明を行い、重複する範囲については記載を省略する。
2 バルブ
20 ボディ
21 ハンドル
210 枠部
211 スポーク部
22 フランジ
200 配管
3 アクチュエータ本体
31 蓋部
32 メスコネクタ
30 筐体
300 突出部
301 取付孔
4 バルブ取付部
40 アダプタ
41 取付板
42 スタンド部
420 ボルト
421 ナット
500 クランプノブねじ
5 モーター
51 サーボドライバー
520 下位CPU
521 上位CPU
522 ネットワークCPU
523 最上位CPU
53 オペレータ部
6 ベルト伝達部
60 小径プーリー
61 大径プーリー
62 ベルト
600 AC/DCコンバータ
601 オスコネクタ
7 ウォーム減速機
70 ウォーム部
71 ウォームホイール
8 ブラケット部
80 スリット
Claims (8)
- 筐体と、
前記筐体の内部に配置され、回転軸を有する駆動源となるモーターと、
前記回転軸に取り付けられた第1のプーリーと、
該第1のプーリーと対をなすと共に、同第1のプーリーの径よりも大きな径を有する第2のプーリーと、
前記第1のプーリー及び前記第2のプーリーに張設されたベルトと、
前記第2のプーリーが取り付けられたウォーム部と、該ウォーム部と直交して配置され、同ウォーム部と歯車の噛み合いにより動力伝達を行うウォームホイールを有し、前記筐体の内部に配置されたウォーム減速機と、
ハンドルを有する所定のバルブに取付けられ、前記ハンドルの上方で前記筐体を支持するバルブ取付部と、
前記ウォーム減速機に取り付けられ、前記モーターの駆動力により回転可能に構成されると共に、前記筐体と前記ハンドルの間に配置され、同ハンドルと嵌合して前記所定のバルブの開閉を行うブラケット部と、を備える
バルブアクチュエータ。 - 前記第1のプーリーの径と、前記第2のプーリーの径との大きさの比が1:2以下である
請求項1に記載のバルブアクチュエータ。 - 前記回転軸と前記ベルトがなす角度と、前記ベルトと前記ウォーム部がなす角度が、それぞれ略90度であり、
前記ウォームホイールは、前記回転軸、前記ベルト及び前記ウォーム部に囲まれて配置された
請求項1または請求項2に記載のバルブアクチュエータ。 - 前記筐体の内部に配置され、前記モーターの駆動を制御するモータードライバーを備え、
前記モーターは、同モーターの回転軸の絶対位置を記憶するアブソリュートエンコーダを有し、
前記モータードライバーは、前記モーターの回転の位置制御を行うパルス信号を制御する第1のCPUと、前記第1のCPUを制御すると共に、前記ハンドルを回転させる際の摺動抵抗に応じて、前記モーターに流れる電流の大きさを調整する第2のCPUを含む
請求項1、請求項2または請求項3に記載のバルブアクチュエータ。 - 前記モーターには、所定の駆動時間内に供給が可能な最大の電流値である最大電流値が設定され、
前記第2のCPUは、前記所定の駆動時間及び前記最大電流値の範囲内で、前記モーターに流れる電流を調整する
請求項4に記載のバルブアクチュエータ。 - 前記ハンドルは、同ハンドルの外形を構成する枠部と、該枠部の中心部と同枠部を連結する複数のスポーク部を有し、
前記ブラケット部は、前記スポーク部と嵌合するスリットが形成された
請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項4または請求項5に記載のバルブアクチュエータ。 - 前記筐体は、前記ハンドルと対向する面から同ハンドルに向けて突出して形成された略筒状体であり、その内側に前記ブラケット部が配置されると共に、外周面の円周上に複数の取付孔が形成された取付突出部が設けられ、
前記バルブ取付部は、前記取付孔を介して前記取付突出部に着脱可能であり、同取付突出部を挟んで固定する一対のアダプタを有する
請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項4、請求項5または請求項6に記載のバルブアクチュエータ。 - 筐体と、
前記筐体の内部に配置され、回転軸を有する駆動源となるモーターと、
前記回転軸に取り付けられた第1のプーリーと、
該第1のプーリーと対をなすと共に、同第1のプーリーの径よりも大きな径を有する第2のプーリーと、
前記第1のプーリー及び前記第2のプーリーに張設されたベルトと、
前記第2のプーリーが取り付けられたウォーム部と、該ウォーム部と直交して配置され、同ウォーム部と歯車の噛み合いにより動力伝達を行うウォームホイールを有すると共に、前記筐体の内部に配置され、所定のバルブを回転可能に構成されたウォーム減速機と、
前記所定のバルブに取付けられ、該所定のバルブの上方で前記筐体を支持するバルブ取付部と、を備える
バルブアクチュエータ。
Priority Applications (6)
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US17/789,502 US11614180B2 (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Valve actuator |
JP2021510487A JP6948096B1 (ja) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | バルブアクチュエータ |
GB2209169.8A GB2605107B (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Valve actuator |
CN201980103320.0A CN115087828B (zh) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | 一种阀门致动器 |
DE112019008009.1T DE112019008009T5 (de) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Ventilbetätiger |
PCT/JP2019/051504 WO2021131036A1 (ja) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | バルブアクチュエータ |
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CN207213237U (zh) * | 2017-08-11 | 2018-04-10 | 淄博沃泰斯石化设备有限公司 | 一种开关同步分动装置及其形成的强制密封球阀 |
CN207569298U (zh) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-07-03 | 普雷沃流体控制科技(芜湖)有限公司 | 一种离合式阀门驱动装置 |
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US11473695B2 (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2022-10-18 | Takatori Seisakusho Co., Ltd. | Actuator |
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- 2019-12-27 JP JP2021510487A patent/JP6948096B1/ja active Active
- 2019-12-27 US US17/789,502 patent/US11614180B2/en active Active
- 2019-12-27 DE DE112019008009.1T patent/DE112019008009T5/de active Pending
- 2019-12-27 CN CN201980103320.0A patent/CN115087828B/zh active Active
- 2019-12-27 GB GB2209169.8A patent/GB2605107B/en active Active
- 2019-12-27 WO PCT/JP2019/051504 patent/WO2021131036A1/ja active Application Filing
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JPS30174Y1 (ja) * | 1953-06-17 | 1955-01-11 | ||
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JP2016109203A (ja) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-20 | 中国電力株式会社 | バルブ遠隔制御システム |
JP2019221021A (ja) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-12-26 | 株式会社デンソー | モータ制御装置、統合弁装置及び熱交換器 |
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JPWO2021131036A1 (ja) | 2021-12-23 |
US11614180B2 (en) | 2023-03-28 |
JP6948096B1 (ja) | 2021-10-13 |
CN115087828B (zh) | 2023-07-14 |
DE112019008009T5 (de) | 2022-10-27 |
GB2605107B (en) | 2024-02-21 |
GB202209169D0 (en) | 2022-08-10 |
GB2605107A (en) | 2022-09-21 |
CN115087828A (zh) | 2022-09-20 |
US20230034890A1 (en) | 2023-02-02 |
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