WO2021129352A1 - 一种无人机基站 - Google Patents

一种无人机基站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021129352A1
WO2021129352A1 PCT/CN2020/133971 CN2020133971W WO2021129352A1 WO 2021129352 A1 WO2021129352 A1 WO 2021129352A1 CN 2020133971 W CN2020133971 W CN 2020133971W WO 2021129352 A1 WO2021129352 A1 WO 2021129352A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
base station
heat sink
assembly
battery compartment
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PCT/CN2020/133971
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高焓
陆宏伟
陈刚
Original Assignee
深圳市道通智能航空技术股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021129352A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021129352A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F1/00—Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F3/00—Landing stages for helicopters, e.g. located above buildings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, in particular to an unmanned aerial vehicle base station.
  • the UAV base station can exchange energy by changing the battery or automatically charging. If the battery is replaced, the signal will be interrupted and the drone cannot continue to work when the battery is replaced after the battery consumes electricity; if the automatic charging method is used, the battery will generally be built in the unmanned unit for integrated design.
  • the solar radiation heats the base station shell, and the influence of the internal power components on the temperature rise of the battery causes the internal environment of the base station including the battery junction temperature to increase sharply, making the battery unable to work normally.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle base station, which can realize built-in battery components and has good heat dissipation conditions.
  • a UAV base station including:
  • a lower casing, the lower casing and the upper casing enclose a containing space, and the lower casing is provided with a battery compartment;
  • An antenna, the antenna is housed in the accommodating space;
  • the functional components are housed in the containing space;
  • the battery assembly is housed in the battery compartment.
  • the lower casing includes a bottom plate, the battery compartment extends from the bottom plate in a direction toward the upper casing, and the opening of the battery compartment is provided on the bottom plate.
  • an air outlet and an air outlet grill are further provided on the bottom plate, and the positions of the air outlet and the air outlet grill correspond to the positions of the functional components.
  • the UAV base station further includes a hardware heat dissipation component installed in the receiving space, and the hardware heat dissipation component abuts against the functional component.
  • the hardware heat dissipation component includes a hardware heat sink, and an upper surface of the hardware heat sink abuts the functional component.
  • a mounting groove is provided on the lower surface of the hardware heat sink, and the mounting groove corresponds to the position of the air outlet;
  • the hardware heat dissipation assembly further includes a fan, and the fan is installed in the installation slot.
  • the lower surface of the hardware heat sink is further provided with a plurality of heat dissipation ribs, and the plurality of heat dissipation ribs are distributed around the installation slot;
  • Intervals are arranged between every two adjacent radiating ribs, and each interstitial groove is communicated with the installation groove.
  • the hardware heat dissipation assembly further includes a grille plate, and the grille plate is fixedly installed in the notch of the installation groove.
  • the UAV base station further includes a battery heat sink, and the battery heat sink is installed at the opening of the battery compartment;
  • the battery heat sink abuts the battery assembly.
  • the lower housing is provided with a separate battery compartment, the battery assembly is accommodated in the battery compartment, and the functional assembly is accommodated in the accommodating space,
  • the battery compartment and the accommodating space are not connected to each other, the heat generated by the functional components will not be conducted to the battery components, and the heat generated by the solar radiation heating the upper casing is blocked in the Outside the battery compartment, a lower battery ambient temperature can be achieved, and the battery assembly can be charged and discharged normally.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an unmanned aerial vehicle base station provided by one of the embodiments of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the UAV base station shown in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower housing of the UAV base station shown in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the hardware heat dissipation component of the UAV base station shown in Fig. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hardware heat sink of the hardware heat dissipation assembly shown in FIG. 4.
  • One embodiment of the present invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle base station 100, which includes an upper housing 10, a lower housing 20, an antenna 30, a functional component 40, and a battery component 50.
  • the upper housing 10 is mounted on the upper end of the lower housing 20, and the upper housing 10 and the lower housing 20 are combined to form a receiving space.
  • the antenna 30 and the functional component 40 are respectively accommodated in the accommodating space, and the battery component 50 is accommodated in the lower casing 20.
  • the upper housing 10 can be made of plastic material that does not shield signals, and the surface is treated with high reflectivity, while reducing its absorptivity and emissivity as much as possible, thereby reducing the impact of solar radiation on the upper housing 10 and its interior in an outdoor environment. The influence of the ambient temperature.
  • the antenna 30 is fixedly installed in the upper housing 10, and the functional assembly 40 and the battery assembly 50 are both arranged under the antenna 30.
  • the antenna 30 may be an RTK antenna, which has functions such as positioning and navigation.
  • the functional component 40 includes a circuit board and electronic components integrated on the circuit board.
  • the electronic components include, for example, a video transmission module, an RTK module, a WIFI module, a single-chip microcomputer, and a charging circuit.
  • the lower housing 20 includes a bottom plate 21 and an annular plate 22.
  • the bottom plate 21 is provided at one end of the annular plate 22, and the other end of the annular plate 22 is connected to the upper housing 11. connection.
  • the bottom plate 21 is provided with the battery compartment 23, the battery compartment 23 extends from the bottom plate 21 toward the upper casing 11, and the opening of the battery compartment 23 is provided on the bottom plate 21,
  • the bottom of the battery compartment 23 is arranged at an end of the battery compartment 23 facing away from the bottom plate 21.
  • the battery compartment 23 is located below the antenna 30, and the battery compartment 23 and the receiving space are not connected to each other.
  • the battery compartment 23 and the bottom plate 21 are an integral structure. It can be understood that, in some other embodiments, the battery compartment 23 may also be an independent structure and be fixed on the bottom plate 21.
  • the battery assembly 50 is housed in the battery compartment 23 to avoid direct contact between the functional assembly 40 and the battery assembly 50 to cause heat conduction.
  • the size of the battery assembly 50 is smaller than the size of the battery compartment 23, the battery assembly 50 is not in contact with the inner wall of the battery compartment 23, and there is an air layer between the battery assembly 50 and the inner wall of the battery compartment 23 , Through the air layer to further isolate the external heat transfer.
  • the lower housing 20 can be made of materials with low thermal conductivity, such as plastic, rubber, etc., so that the temperature of the containing space and the temperature of the battery compartment 23 will not conduct each other, thereby avoiding the functional components. 40 conducts heat to the battery assembly 50.
  • the bottom plate 21 is also provided with an air outlet 24 and an air outlet grill 25.
  • the air outlet 24 and the air outlet grill 25 are both provided on one side of the battery compartment 23.
  • the style grid 25 penetrates the bottom plate 21 respectively.
  • the air outlet 24 includes four fan-shaped through holes, and the four through holes are distributed in a ring shape.
  • the outlet grille 25 includes a plurality of parallel strip-shaped through grooves, and the plurality of through grooves are distributed around the air outlet 24.
  • the positions of the air outlet 24 and the outlet grill 25 correspond to the positions of the functional assembly 40, and the heat generated by the functional assembly 40 is discharged through the outlet 24 and the outlet grill 25,
  • the air outlet 24 and the outlet grill 25 are used for dissipating heat for the functional component 40.
  • the number and shape of the through holes of the air outlet 24 can be set according to actual needs, for example, the number can be set to one, two, or five, and the shape can be set to either a circle or a rectangle. Yes, as long as the air outlet 24 can achieve ventilation and heat dissipation. It is understandable that the shape of the through slot of the outlet grid 25 can also be set according to actual needs, for example, it can be set to be circular, fan-shaped, or intersecting strips, as long as the outlet grid 25 can Realize ventilation and heat dissipation.
  • the UAV base station 100 further includes a hardware heat dissipation assembly 60, the hardware heat dissipation assembly 60 is provided below the functional assembly 40, and the hardware heat dissipation assembly 60 abuts ⁇ Functional components 40.
  • the position of the hardware heat dissipation assembly 60 corresponds to the positions of the air outlet 24 and the outlet grill 25, and the hardware heat dissipation assembly 60 passes the heat generated by the functional assembly 40 through the air outlet 24 and The outlet grill 25 is discharged.
  • the hardware heat sink component 60 includes a hardware heat sink 51, the hardware heat sink 51 is disposed under the functional component 30, and the upper surface of the hardware heat sink 51 abuts against the functional component 30.
  • the upper surface of the hardware heat sink 51 is provided with a plurality of bosses 510, and the position and shape of each boss 510 correspond to one of the electronic components.
  • Each of the bosses 510 abuts against a corresponding one of the electronic components, the gap between the electronic components and the bosses 510 is filled with thermally conductive silicone grease or a thermally conductive pad, and the circuit of the functional component 30
  • the board and the hardware heat sink 51 are pre-tensioned by bolts, so that the heat generated by the electronic components of the functional assembly 30 can be conducted to the hardware heat sink 51.
  • the upper surface of the hardware heat sink 51 is a surface facing the upper casing 10.
  • a mounting groove 512 is provided on the lower surface of the hardware heat sink 51, and the position of the mounting groove 512 corresponds to the position of the air outlet 24.
  • the lower surface of the hardware heat sink 51 is also provided with a plurality of heat dissipation ribs 514, the positions of the plurality of heat dissipation ribs 514 correspond to the positions of the outlet grille 25, and the heat dissipation ribs 514 are connected to the outlet grille 25.
  • the through slots of the wind grille 25 are arranged perpendicular to each other.
  • a plurality of the heat dissipation ribs 514 are distributed side by side around the installation groove 512, and an inter-groove is formed between every two adjacent heat-radiation ribs 514, and each inter-groove is communicated with the installation groove 512.
  • a plurality of the heat dissipation ribs 514 are symmetrically distributed on two opposite sides of the installation groove 512, and the installation groove 512 is located in the middle of the hardware heat sink 51.
  • the lower surface of the hardware heat sink 51 is a surface facing the bottom plate 21.
  • the hardware heat dissipation assembly 60 also includes a fan 52 and a grille board 53, and the fan 52 and the grille board 53 are installed on the hardware heat sink 51.
  • the fan 52 is fixedly installed in the installation groove 512, and the shape of the installation groove 512 is adapted to the shape of the fan 52.
  • the grille board 53 is installed in the notch of the mounting groove 512, the grille board 52 is fixed to the hardware heat sink 51 by fasteners, and the grille board 52 is used to protect the fan 52. , To prevent foreign matter from entering and affecting the operation of the fan 52.
  • the grill plate 52 is provided with a plurality of through holes, so that the fan 52 can communicate with the outside.
  • the fan 52 When the fan 52 rotates, the air in the slot is forced to convection, so that the heat on the hardware heat sink 51 can be quickly discharged and discharged to the external environment through the outlet grill 25.
  • the fan 52 adopts an axial flow fan, which has a simple structure and a large air volume. It is understandable that, in some other embodiments, the fan 52 may be replaced by a blower that emits air in a radial direction. The blower is installed in the installation groove 512 and used to blow air toward the intermediate groove to form a convective exchange. heat. When a blower is used to replace the fan 52, the installation slot 512 is biased to one side of the hardware heat sink 51.
  • the UAV base station 100 further includes a battery heat sink 70 installed at the opening of the battery compartment 23 to close the battery compartment 23.
  • the battery heat sink 70 abuts against the battery assembly 50, and the heat generated by the battery assembly 50 is conducted to the battery heat sink 70 and dissipated by external forced convection or natural convection.
  • a filling material with high thermal conductivity such as thermal conductive silicone grease, thermal pad, etc., is also provided between the battery heat sink 70 and the battery assembly 50 to fill the space between the battery heat sink 70 and the battery assembly 50.
  • the battery heat sink 70 has materials with high thermal conductivity, such as aluminum alloys, copper alloys, and the like.
  • the lower housing 20 is provided with a separate battery compartment 23, the battery assembly 50 is housed in the battery compartment 23, and the functional assembly 40 is housed in the battery compartment.
  • the battery compartment 23 and the accommodating space are not connected to each other, and the heat generated by the solar radiation heating the upper housing 10 and the heat generated by the functional component 40 is blocked in the battery compartment
  • the battery assembly 50 and the functional assembly 40 are both built-in, so that the overall structure and layout of the UAV base station 100 are integrated.
  • the battery assembly 50 is connected to the external environment through the battery heat sink 70, and the heat generated by the battery assembly 50 during the charging and discharging process is discharged. Moreover, there is no direct connection between the battery heat sink 70 and the hardware heat sink 51, which can avoid heat transfer between the two.
  • the hardware heat dissipation component 60 includes a hardware heat sink 51 and a fan 52.
  • the heat emitted by the functional component 40 is conducted to the hardware heat sink 51 through solid conduction, and the fan 52 radiates the heat to the hardware heat sink 51 through forced convection.
  • the functional components 40 can quickly dissipate heat, so that the junction temperature of the functional components 40 meets their working requirements, and at the same time provides the battery assembly 50 with a lower ambient temperature.
  • the high reflectivity treatment on the surface of the upper housing 10 can further reduce the influence of solar radiation on the upper housing 10 and the ambient temperature inside the upper housing 10 in an outdoor environment.
  • the lower housing 20 is made of a material with low thermal conductivity, which can avoid heat transfer between the hardware heat sink 51 and the battery heat sink 70, and at the same time isolate the battery compartment 23 from the receiving space .

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Abstract

一种无人机基站（100），涉及无人机技术领域。所述无人机基站（100）包括上壳体（10）、下壳体（20）、天线（30）、功能组件（40）以及电池组件（50），所述下壳体（20）与上壳体（10）围合成收容空间，所述天线（30）和功能组件（40）收容于收容空间内，所述下壳体（20）设有单独的电池仓（23），所述电池组件（50）收容于电池仓（23）内。所述电池仓（23）与收容空间之间互不连通，将太阳辐射对所述上壳体（10）加温产生的热量阻隔在电池仓（23）以外，并且避免所述功能组件（40）与电池组件（50）之间的热量传导，从而实现较低的电池环境温度，保证所述电池组件（50）能够正常的充电、放电。

Description

一种无人机基站
本申请要求于2019年12月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911369300.6、申请名称为“一种无人机基站”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
【技术领域】
本发明涉及无人机技术领域，特别涉及一种无人机基站。
【背景技术】
随着无人机技术的不断发展，无人机的应用领域也越来越广泛。目前，无人机基站可通过更换电池或者自动充电的方式进行换能。若采用更换电池的方式，在电池耗光电量后更换电池时，会出现信号中断、无人机无法持续工作的情况；若采用自动充电的方式，一般为了集成化设计会将电池内置于无人机基站中，在野外作业条件下太阳辐射对基站外壳加热，加上内部功率元件对电池温升的影响，导致基站内部环境包括电池结温的急剧增高，使得电池无法正常工作。
【发明内容】
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供一种无人机基站，可以实现电池组件内置并具有良好的散热条件。
本发明实施例解决其技术问题采用以下技术方案：
提供一种无人机基站，包括：
上壳体；
下壳体，所述下壳体与所述上壳体围合成收容空间，所述下壳体设有电池仓；
天线，所述天线收容于所述收容空间内；
功能组件，所述功能组件收容于所述收容空间内；
电池组件，所述电池组件收容于所述电池仓内。
可选地，所述电池组件与所述电池仓的内壁之间存在空气层。
可选地，所述下壳体包括底板，所述电池仓自所述底板朝向所述上壳体的方向延伸，所述电池仓的仓口设于所述底板上。
可选地，所述底板上还设有出风口和出风格栅，所述出风口和所述出风格栅的位置与所述功能组件的位置相对应。
可选地，所述无人机基站还包括硬件散热组件，所述硬件散热组件安装于所述收容空间，所述硬件散热组件抵接于所述功能组件。
可选地，所述硬件散热组件包括硬件热沉，所述硬件热沉的上表面抵接所述功能组件。
可选地，所述硬件热沉的下表面设有安装槽，所述安装槽与所述出风口的位置相对应；
所述硬件散热组件还包括风扇，所述风扇安装于所述安装槽内。
可选地，所述硬件热沉的下表面还设有多条散热筋，多条所述散热筋分布于所述安装槽的周围；
每相邻的两个散热筋之间设有间槽，每条所述间槽均与所述安装槽连通。
可选地，所述硬件散热组件还包括格栅板，所述格栅板固定安装于所述安装槽的槽口。
可选地，所述无人机基站还包括电池热沉，所述电池热沉安装于所述电池仓的仓口；
所述电池热沉抵接所述电池组件。
与现有技术相比较，本发明的实施例中，所述下壳体设有单独的电池仓， 所述电池组件收容于所述电池仓内，所述功能组件收容于所述收容空间内，所述电池仓与所述收容空间之间互不连通，所述功能组件产生的热量不会传导给所述电池组件，并将太阳辐射对所述上壳体加温产生的热量阻隔在所述电池仓以外，从而实现较低的电池环境温度，保证所述电池组件能够正常的充、放电。
【附图说明】
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1为本发明其中一实施例提供的一种无人机基站的剖视图；
图2为图1所示的无人机基站的爆炸图；
图3为图2所示的无人机基站的下壳体的结构示意图；
图4为图2所示的无人机基站的硬件散热组件的爆炸图；
图5为图4所示的硬件散热组件的硬件热沉的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
为了便于理解本发明，下面结合附图和具体实施例，对本发明进行更详细的说明。需要说明的是，当元件被表述“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上、或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。当一个元件被表述“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件、或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。本说明书所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义，本说明书所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是用于限制本发明。本说明书所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
此外，下面所描述的本发明不同实施例中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
请一并参阅图1和图2，本发明其中一实施例提供一种无人机基站100， 包括：上壳体10、下壳体20、天线30、功能组件40以及电池组件50。所述上壳体10安装于所述下壳体20的上端，所述上壳体10和所述下壳体20拼合围成收容空间。所述天线30和所述功能组件40分别收容于所述收容空间内，所述电池组件50收容于所述下壳体20。
所述上壳体10可以采用不会屏蔽信号的塑料材质，表面做高反射率处理，同时尽量降低其吸收率和发射率，从而降低户外环境下太阳辐射对所述上壳体10及其内部的环境温度的影响。所述天线30固定安装于所述上壳体10内，所述功能组件40和所述电池组件50均设于所述天线30的下方。所述天线30可以采用RTK天线，具有定位、导航等功能。所述功能组件40包括电路板以及集成于电路板上的电子元件，所述电子元件包括例如图传模块、RTK模块、WIFI模块、单片机及充电电路等。
请一并参阅图3，所述下壳体20包括底板21和环形板22，所述底板21设于所述环形板22的一端，所述环形板22的另一端与所述上壳体11连接。所述底板21上设有所述电池仓23，所述电池仓23自所述底板21朝向所述上壳体11的方向延伸，所述电池仓23的仓口设于所述底板21上，所述电池仓23的仓底设于其背离所述底板21的一端。所述电池仓23位于所述天线30的下方，所述电池仓23与所述收容空间互不连通。在本实施例中，所述电池仓23与所述底板21为一体结构。可以理解的是，在一些其他实施例中，所述电池仓23也可以为独立结构并固定于所述底板21上。
所述电池组件50收容于所述电池仓23内，可以避免功能组件40与所述电池组件50之间直接接触而产生热传导。所述电池组件50的尺寸小于所述电池仓23的尺寸，所述电池组件50不与所述电池仓23的内壁接触，所述电池组件50与所述电池仓23的内壁之间存在空气层，通过所述空气层进一步隔绝外部的热传递作用。较优地，所述下壳体20可以采用低热导率的材质，如塑料、橡胶等，使得所述收容空间的温度与所述电池仓23的温度不会互相传导，从而避免所述功能组件40将热量传导于所述电池组件50上。
所述底板21上还设有出风口24和出风格栅25，所述出风口24和所述出风格栅25均设于所述电池仓23的一侧，所述出风口24和所述出风格栅25分别贯通所述底板21。所述出风口24包括四个扇形的通孔，四个所述通孔呈环状分布。所述出风格栅25包括多个并列的条状通槽，多个所述通槽分布于 所述出风口24的周围。所述出风口24和所述出风格栅25的位置与所述功能组件40的位置相对应，所述功能组件40产生的热量通过所述出风口24和所述出风格栅25排出，所述出风口24与所述出风格栅25用于为所述功能组件40散热。可以理解的是，所述出风口24的所述通孔的数量和形状均可根据实际需求设置，比如数量可以设置为一个、两个、五个均可，形状可设置为圆形、矩形均可，只需所述出风口24能实现通风散热即可。可以理解的是，所述出风格栅25的通槽的形状也可根据实际需求设置，比如设置为圆形、扇形或者相互交叉的条状均可，只需所述出风格栅25能实现通风散热即可。
请一并参阅图4和图5，所述无人机基站100还包括硬件散热组件60，所述硬件散热组件60设于所述功能组件40的下方，所述硬件散热组件60的抵接所述功能组件40。所述硬件散热组件60的的位置与所述出风口24和所述出风格栅25的位置相对应，所述硬件散热组件60将所述功能组件40产生的热量通过所述出风口24和所述出风格栅25排出。
所述硬件散热组件60包括硬件热沉51，所述硬件热沉51设于所述功能组件30的下方，所述硬件热沉51的上表面抵紧所述功能组件30。所述硬件热沉51的上表面设有若干个凸台510，每个凸台510的位置和形状均与一个所述电子元件相对应。每个所述凸台510抵接对应的一个所述电子元件，所述电子元件与所述凸台510之间的间隙用导热硅脂或导热垫填充，且所述功能组件30的所述电路板与所述硬件热沉51之间利用螺栓预紧的方式压紧，以使得所述功能组件30的所述电子元件产生的热量能传导到所述硬件热沉51上。其中，所述硬件热沉51的上表面为朝向所述上壳体10的一面。
所述硬件热沉51的下表面上设有安装槽512，所述安装槽512的位置与所述出风口24的位置相对应。所述硬件热沉51的下表面上还设有多条散热筋514，多条所述散热筋514的位置与所述出风格栅25的位置相对应，所述散热筋514与所述出风格栅25的通槽相互垂直设置。多条所述散热筋514并排地分布于所述安装槽512的周围，每相邻的两个散热筋514之间设有间槽，每条所述间槽均与所述安装槽512连通。较优地，多条所述散热筋514对称分布于所述安装槽512相对的两侧，所述安装槽512位于所述硬件热沉51的中部。其中，所述硬件热沉的51的下表面为朝向所述底板21的一面。
所述硬件散热组件60还包括风扇52和格栅板53，所述风扇52和所述格 栅板53安装于所述硬件热沉51上。所述风扇52固定安装于所述安装槽512内，所述安装槽512的形状与所述风扇52的形状相适配。所述格栅板53安装于所述安装槽512的槽口，所述格栅板52通过紧固件固定于所述硬件热沉51上，所述格栅板52用于保护所述风扇52，避免异物进入而影响所述风扇52工作。所述格栅板52上设有多个贯通孔，使得所述风扇52能与外部连通。所述风扇52转动时，使所述间槽内的空气受迫对流，从而使得所述硬件热沉51上的热量能快速导出，并通过所述出风格栅25排到外部环境。在本实施例中，所述风扇52采用轴流风扇，结构简单并且风量较大。可以理解的是，在一些其他实施例中，所述风扇52可通过径向出风的鼓风机替代，所述鼓风机安装于所述安装槽512内，用于朝向所述间槽内吹风形成对流换热。使用鼓风机替代所述风扇52时，所述安装槽512偏置于所述硬件热沉51的一侧。
请复参阅图1至图3，所述无人机基站100还包括电池热沉70，所述电池热沉70安装于所述电池仓23的仓口，以封闭所述电池仓23。所述电池热沉70抵接于所述电池组件50，所述电池组件50产生的热量传导于所述电池热沉70上，并通过外部的强制对流或自然对流散热。所述电池热沉70与所述电池组件50之间还设有高热导率的填充材料，例如导热硅脂、导热垫等，用以填充所述电池热沉70与所述电池组件50之间不平整以及微小的间隙，从而使得电池热沉70与所述电池组件50之间能更好地导热。较优地，所述电池热沉70才有高热导率的材料，例如铝合金、铜合金等。
相较于现有技术，本发明的实施例中，所述下壳体20设有单独的电池仓23，所述电池组件50收容于所述电池仓23内，所述功能组件40收容于所述收容空间内，所述电池仓23与所述收容空间之间互不连通，将太阳辐射对所述上壳体10加温以及所述功能组件40发热而产生的热量阻隔在所述电池仓23以外，所述电池组件50与所述电池仓23之间还存在空气层，可以进一步阻隔外部的热量传递，从而实现较低的电池环境温度，保证所述电池组件50在户外工作时能够正常的充、放电。并且，所述电池组件50和所述功能组件40均为内置，使得所述无人机基站100的整体结构和布局集成化。
其次，所述电池组件50通过所述电池热沉70与外部环境连接，将所述电池组件50在充、放电过程中产生的热量导出。并且，所述电池热沉70与所述硬件热沉51之间无直接连接，可以避免二者之间的热传递。
再次，所述硬件散热组件60包括硬件热沉51和风扇52，所述功能组件40发出的热量通过固体传导的方式传导于硬件热沉51上，由风扇52通过强制对流的方式将热量散发于基站以外的环境中，保证所述功能组件40能较快散热，以使所述功能组件40的结温满足它们的工作要求的同时，为所述电池组件50提供更低的环境温度。
另外，所述上壳体10的表面做高反射率处理，可以进一步降低户外环境下太阳辐射对所述上壳体10及其内部的环境温度的影响。所述下壳体20采用低热导率材料制成，可以避免所述硬件热沉51与所述电池热沉70之间热传递，同时将所述电池仓23与所述收容空间之间进行隔离。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；在本发明的思路下，以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合，步骤可以以任意顺序实现，并存在如上所述的本发明的不同方面的许多其它变化，为了简明，它们没有在细节中提供；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种无人机基站，其特征在于，包括：
    上壳体；
    下壳体，所述下壳体与所述上壳体围合成收容空间，所述下壳体设有电池仓；
    天线，所述天线收容于所述收容空间内；
    功能组件，所述功能组件收容于所述收容空间内；
    电池组件，所述电池组件收容于所述电池仓内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无人机基站，其特征在于，所述电池组件与所述电池仓的内壁之间存在空气层。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的无人机基站，其特征在于，所述下壳体包括底板，所述电池仓自所述底板朝向所述上壳体的方向延伸，所述电池仓的仓口设于所述底板上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的无人机基站，其特征在于，所述底板上还设有出风口和出风格栅，所述出风口和所述出风格栅的位置与所述功能组件的位置相对应。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的无人机基站，其特征在于，所述无人机基站还包括硬件散热组件，所述硬件散热组件安装于所述收容空间，所述硬件散热组件抵接于所述功能组件。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的无人机基站，其特征在于，所述硬件散热组件包括硬件热沉，所述硬件热沉的上表面抵接所述功能组件。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的无人机基站，其特征在于，所述硬件热沉的下表面设有安装槽，所述安装槽与所述出风口的位置相对应；
    所述硬件散热组件还包括风扇，所述风扇安装于所述安装槽内。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的无人机基站，其特征在于，所述硬件热沉的下表面还设有多条散热筋，多条所述散热筋分布于所述安装槽的周围；
    每相邻的两个散热筋之间设有间槽，每条所述间槽均与所述安装槽连通。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的无人机基站，其特征在于，所述硬件散热组件还包括格栅板，所述格栅板固定安装于所述安装槽的槽口。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的无人机基站，其特征在于，所述无人机基站还包括电池热沉，所述电池热沉安装于所述电池仓的仓口；
    所述电池热沉抵接所述电池组件。
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