WO2021124621A1 - Procédé de remplacement de gaz - Google Patents

Procédé de remplacement de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021124621A1
WO2021124621A1 PCT/JP2020/033891 JP2020033891W WO2021124621A1 WO 2021124621 A1 WO2021124621 A1 WO 2021124621A1 JP 2020033891 W JP2020033891 W JP 2020033891W WO 2021124621 A1 WO2021124621 A1 WO 2021124621A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
tank
separation layer
carbon dioxide
ammonia
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/033891
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
石田　聡成
晋介 森本
俊夫 小形
Original Assignee
三菱造船株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱造船株式会社 filed Critical 三菱造船株式会社
Priority to EP20902565.9A priority Critical patent/EP4056886B1/fr
Priority to KR1020227018757A priority patent/KR20220092600A/ko
Priority to AU2020408428A priority patent/AU2020408428B2/en
Priority to CN202080083800.8A priority patent/CN114787550B/zh
Priority to ES20902565T priority patent/ES2963128T3/es
Publication of WO2021124621A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021124621A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F17C2223/045—Localisation of the removal point in the gas with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
    • F17C2225/047—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0121—Propulsion of the fluid by gravity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0192—Propulsion of the fluid by using a working fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F17C2227/041—Methods for emptying or filling vessel by vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F17C2227/044—Methods for emptying or filling by purging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/042—Reducing risk of explosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/01—Purifying the fluid
    • F17C2265/015—Purifying the fluid by separating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a gas replacement method.
  • the present application claims priority with respect to Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-229388 filed in Japan on December 19, 2019, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • Vessels that carry liquefied gas are equipped with tanks that store liquefied gas.
  • the tank when the tank is opened by maintenance or the like, the tank is first filled with an inert gas so that the liquefied gas remaining in the tank does not come into contact with oxygen, and then the inert gas in the tank is filled. It may be replaced with air or the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the type of gas stored in the tank may be switched.
  • a problem may occur due to contact between the residual gas of the first gas stored in the tank before switching and the second gas stored in the tank after switching.
  • the first gas and the second gas chemically react with each other to generate a solid substance or the like.
  • the first gas may be mixed with the second gas, and the first gas may remain in the tank after switching. Therefore, when switching the type of gas stored in the tank, as in the case of the inert gas of Patent Document 1, after replacing the first gas in the tank with an inert gas, the second gas is placed in the tank. It is necessary to operate like loading.
  • the present disclosure has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a gas replacement method that can reduce the labor and time required for the work of switching the type of gas to be loaded in the tank.
  • the gas replacement method supplies an inert gas having a specific gravity larger than that of the first gas to a tank filled with the first gas, and lowers the first gas below the first gas.
  • the second gas having a specific gravity larger than that of the inert gas is supplied to the lower part of the tank, and the first gas and the separation layer are sequentially discharged from the upper part of the tank.
  • an inert gas having a specific gravity smaller than that of the second gas is supplied to a tank filled with the second gas, and a separation layer by the inert gas is formed above the second gas.
  • the step of forming includes a step of supplying a first gas having a specific gravity smaller than that of the inert gas to the upper part of the tank, and a step of sequentially discharging the second gas and the separation layer from the lower part of the tank.
  • the gas replacement method of the present disclosure it is possible to reduce the labor and time required for the work of switching the type of gas to be loaded in the tank.
  • FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a state in which liquefied carbon dioxide is loaded in the tank to which the gas replacement method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is applied.
  • FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a state in which liquefied ammonia is loaded in the tank to which the gas replacement method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is applied.
  • It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the gas replacement method which concerns on embodiment of this disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a state in which the first gas remains in the tank in the gas replacement method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a state in which an inert gas is supplied to the tank to form a separation layer in the gas replacement method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a state in which a second gas is supplied to a tank and a first gas and a separation layer are pushed up in the gas replacement method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • It is a side sectional view which shows the state which the 1st gas of a tank and the separation layer were discharged in the gas replacement method which concerns on embodiment of this disclosure.
  • It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the gas replacement method which concerns on embodiment of this disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a state in which an inert gas is supplied to the tank to form a separation layer in the gas replacement method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a state in which a second gas is supplied to a tank and a first gas and
  • FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a state in which a second gas remains in a tank in the gas replacement method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a state in which an inert gas is supplied to the tank to form a separation layer in the gas replacement method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a state in which the first gas is supplied to the tank and the second gas and the separation layer are pushed down in the gas replacement method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a state in which the second gas of the tank and the separation layer are discharged in the gas replacement method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the ship 1 of the embodiment of the present disclosure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can selectively carry, for example, liquefied carbon dioxide and liquefied ammonia.
  • the ship 1 includes at least a hull 2 and a tank 21.
  • the hull 2 has a pair of side sides 3A and 3B forming its outer shell, a ship bottom (not shown), and a deck 5.
  • the side 3A and 3B are provided with a pair of side outer plates forming the left and right side respectively.
  • the bottom of the ship (not shown) is provided with a bottom outer plate connecting these side 3A and 3B. Due to these pair of sideways 3A and 3B and the bottom of the ship (not shown), the outer shell of the hull 2 has a U-shape in a cross section orthogonal to the stern and tail direction Da.
  • the deck 5 illustrated in this embodiment is an all-deck exposed to the outside.
  • an upper structure 7 having a living area is formed on the deck 5 on the stern 2b side.
  • a cargo loading section (hold) 8 is formed on the bow 2a side of the superstructure 7.
  • the cargo loading section 8 is recessed toward the bottom of the ship (not shown) below the deck 5 and opens upward.
  • each tank 21 has, for example, a cylindrical shape extending in the horizontal direction (specifically, the stern direction).
  • the tank 21 is not limited to a cylindrical shape but may be a spherical shape.
  • each tank 21 is provided with an upper pipe 32 and a lower pipe 33.
  • the upper pipe 32 reaches the inside of the tank 21 from the outside of the tank 21.
  • an opening 32a that opens to the upper part in the tank 21 is formed.
  • the upper part in the tank 21 means a region in the tank 21 that is closer to the upper end of the tank 21 than the center of the tank 21 in the vertical direction Dv, and as an example, the top of the tank 21. Can be mentioned.
  • the upper pipe 32 is provided so as to be connectable to another pipe described later. Further, the upper pipe 32 is provided with an on-off valve (not shown). The on-off valve (not shown) opens and closes the flow path in the upper pipe 32 as needed, for example, when attaching or detaching another pipe to or from the upper pipe 32.
  • the lower pipe 33 is provided so as to extend from the outside of the tank 21 to the inside of the tank 21. At the tip of the lower pipe 33, an opening 33a that opens to the lower part in the tank 21 is formed.
  • the lower part in the tank 21 means a region in the tank 21 that is closer to the lower end of the tank 21 than the center of the tank 21 in the vertical direction Dv, and as an example, the bottom of the tank 21. Can be mentioned.
  • the other end of the lower pipe 33 is provided so as to be connectable to another pipe described later.
  • the lower pipe 33 is provided with an on-off valve (not shown). The on-off valve (not shown) opens and closes the flow path in the lower pipe 33 as needed, for example, when attaching or detaching another pipe to or from the lower pipe 33.
  • Either one of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc and the liquefied ammonia La can be selectively loaded into the tank 21.
  • the ship 1 When the ship 1 repeatedly transports only one of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc and the liquefied ammonia La, the liquefied carbon dioxide is loaded and discharged into the tank 21 or the liquefied ammonia into the tank 21 as follows. Loading and paying out.
  • the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc stored in the tank 21 When discharging the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc stored in the tank 21, for example, the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is sucked out from the tank 21 by a cargo pump (not shown). As a result, the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc in the tank 21 is discharged to the liquefied carbon dioxide recovery facility or the like outside the ship.
  • the liquefied ammonia La stored in the tank 21 for example, the liquefied ammonia La is sucked out from the tank 21 by a cargo pump (not shown). As a result, the liquefied ammonia La in the tank 21 is discharged to the liquefied ammonia recovery facility or the like outside the ship.
  • the gas replacement method S10 from liquefied ammonia to liquefied carbon dioxide includes a step S11 for forming the separation layer 103 and a step S12 for sequentially discharging the ammonia gas G1 and the separation layer 103.
  • Step of forming a separation layer After the liquefied ammonia La in the tank 21 is discharged to the liquefied ammonia recovery facility outside the ship, the tank 21 is filled with the residual gaseous ammonia gas (first gas) G1 as shown in FIG. ing.
  • nitrogen gas (inert gas) Gs is supplied to the lower pipe 33 from a nitrogen gas supply source such as a nitrogen gas generator provided inside or outside the ship. Send in.
  • Nitrogen gas Gs is supplied to the lower part of the tank 21 from the opening 33a of the lower pipe 33. Nitrogen gas Gs has a higher specific density than ammonia gas G1.
  • the ammonia gas layer 101 is composed of the ammonia gas G1 pushed up to the upper part in the tank 21 by the nitrogen gas Gs.
  • the separation layer 103 is composed of nitrogen gas Gs and is formed below the ammonia gas layer 101.
  • the nitrogen gas Gs forming the separation layer 103 As the nitrogen gas Gs forming the separation layer 103, a smaller amount of nitrogen gas Gs than the capacity of the tank 21 is supplied to the tank 21.
  • the dew point of the nitrogen gas Gs generated by the nitrogen gas generator is lower than the temperature of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc (for example, ⁇ 50 ° C.).
  • Lc the temperature of the liquefied carbon dioxide
  • a part of the ammonia gas G1 in the upper part of the tank 21 may be pushed out of the tank 21 through the upper pipe 32. Ammonia gas G1 extruded through the upper pipe 32 is recovered by an outboard gas recovery facility or discharged into the outboard atmosphere.
  • the inner surface of the carbon dioxide gas G2 and the tank 21 described above has the same temperature as the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc. Therefore, as described above, by setting the dew point of the nitrogen gas Gs to a temperature lower than the temperature of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc, even if the nitrogen gas Gs comes into contact with the remaining carbon dioxide gas G2 or the inner surface of the tank 21, the nitrogen gas Gs It is possible to prevent the water contained in the water from condensing and condensing.
  • Step S12 Step of sequentially discharging ammonia gas and separation layer
  • a carbon dioxide gas (second gas) G2 having a specific density higher than that of the nitrogen gas Gs is supplied to the lower part of the tank 21.
  • the carbon dioxide gas G2 is supplied from the carbon dioxide gas supply facility or the like to the lower part of the tank 21 through the opening 33a through the lower pipe 33.
  • the specific gravity of the carbon dioxide gas G2 is larger than the specific densities of the nitrogen gas Gs and the ammonia gas G1.
  • the carbon dioxide gas layer 102 is formed in the tank 21 below the ammonia gas layer 101 and the separation layer 103.
  • liquefied carbon dioxide Lc may be supplied to the lower part of the tank 21 in addition to the carbon dioxide gas G2.
  • the separation layer 103 is interposed between the upper ammonia gas layer 101 and the lower carbon dioxide gas layer 102.
  • the carbon dioxide gas G2 is continuously supplied to the lower part of the tank 21, as the amount of the carbon dioxide gas G2 in the tank 21 increases, the ammonia gas G1 forming the ammonia gas layer 101 in the upper part of the tank 21 and the separation below the ammonia gas G1 are formed.
  • the nitrogen gas Gs forming the layer 103 is pushed up.
  • the pushed-up ammonia gas G1 and nitrogen gas Gs are sequentially discharged to the outside of the tank 21 through the upper pipe 32. Ammonia gas G1 and nitrogen gas Gs extruded through the upper pipe 32 are recovered by an outboard gas recovery facility or discharged into the outboard atmosphere.
  • the gas replacement method S20 from liquefied carbon dioxide to liquefied ammonia includes a step S21 for forming the separation layer 103 and a step S22 for sequentially discharging the carbon dioxide gas G2 and the separation layer 103.
  • Step S21 for forming the separation layer 103 After the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc in the tank 21 is discharged to the liquefied carbon dioxide recovery facility outside the ship, as shown in FIG. 10, the liquefied carbon dioxide (second gas) of the residual gas is contained in the tank 21. It is filled with G2.
  • nitrogen gas (inert gas) Gs is supplied to the tank 21 filled with carbon dioxide gas G2.
  • Nitrogen gas Gs is supplied from the nitrogen gas supply source to the upper pipe 32, and is supplied to the upper part in the tank 21 from the opening 32a. Nitrogen gas Gs has a smaller specific density than carbon dioxide gas G2.
  • the carbon dioxide gas layer 102 is composed of carbon dioxide gas G2 pushed down to the lower part in the tank 21 by nitrogen gas Gs.
  • the separation layer 103 is composed of nitrogen gas Gs and is formed above the carbon dioxide gas layer 102.
  • the nitrogen gas Gs for forming the separation layer 103 As the nitrogen gas Gs for forming the separation layer 103, a smaller amount of nitrogen gas Gs than the capacity of the tank 21 is supplied to the tank 21. Further, as the nitrogen gas Gs is supplied into the tank 21, a part of the carbon dioxide gas G2 at the lower part of the tank 21 may be discharged to the outside of the tank 21 through the lower pipe 33. The carbon dioxide gas G2 extruded through the upper pipe 32 is recovered by an outboard gas recovery facility or discharged into the outboard atmosphere.
  • the ammonia gas (first gas) G1 is supplied to the upper part of the tank 21 as shown in FIG.
  • Ammonia gas G1 is supplied from an ammonia gas supply facility or the like to the upper part of the tank 21 through the opening 32a through the upper pipe 32.
  • Ammonia gas G1 has a smaller specific density than nitrogen gas Gs and carbon dioxide gas G2. Therefore, the ammonia gas layer 101 is formed on the carbon dioxide gas layer 102 and the separation layer 103 in the tank 21.
  • the separation layer 103 is interposed between the lower carbon dioxide gas layer 102 and the upper ammonia gas layer 101.
  • the ammonia gas G1 is continuously supplied to the upper part of the tank 21, as the amount of the ammonia gas G1 (ammonia gas layer 101) in the tank 21 increases, the carbon dioxide gas G2 in the lower part of the tank 21 and the separation layer below it.
  • the nitrogen gas Gs forming 103 is pushed downward.
  • the carbon dioxide gas G2 and the nitrogen gas Gs are sequentially discharged to the outside of the tank 21 through the lower pipe 33.
  • the carbon dioxide gas G2 and nitrogen gas Gs extruded through the upper pipe 32 are recovered by the outboard gas recovery facility or discharged into the outboard atmosphere.
  • nitrogen gas Gs having a specific gravity larger than that of ammonia gas G1 is supplied to the tank 21 filled with ammonia gas G1, and the separation layer 103 by nitrogen gas Gs is provided below the ammonia gas G1.
  • the step S11 of forming and the step S12 of supplying the carbon dioxide gas G2 having a specific gravity larger than that of the nitrogen gas Gs to the lower part of the tank 21 and sequentially discharging the ammonia gas G1 and the separation layer 103 from the upper part of the tank 21 are included.
  • the separation layer 103 can be interposed between the upper ammonia gas G1 and the lower carbon dioxide gas G2 in the tank 21.
  • nitrogen gas Gs and carbon dioxide gas G2 are supplied to the tank 21 through a lower pipe 33 that opens to the lower part in the tank 21.
  • the nitrogen gas Gs is generated below the ammonia gas G1 in the tank 21.
  • the separation layer 103 can be formed quickly.
  • the carbon dioxide gas G2 having a specific gravity larger than that of the nitrogen gas Gs is below the separation layer 103 in the tank 21. Can be supplied.
  • nitrogen gas Gs having a specific gravity smaller than that of carbon dioxide gas G2 is supplied to the tank 21 filled with carbon dioxide gas G2, and the tank 21 is separated by nitrogen gas Gs above the carbon dioxide gas G2.
  • a step S21 for forming the layer 103, and a step S22 for supplying the ammonia gas G1 having a specific gravity smaller than that of the nitrogen gas Gs to the upper part of the tank 21 and sequentially discharging the carbon dioxide gas G2 and the separation layer 103 from the lower part of the tank 21. Includes.
  • the separation layer 103 can be interposed between the upper ammonia gas G1 and the lower carbon dioxide gas G2 in the tank 21. Therefore, contact between the ammonia gas G1 and the carbon dioxide gas G2 can be suppressed. Further, when the ammonia gas G1 is continuously supplied to the upper part of the tank 21, the carbon dioxide gas G2 at the lower part of the tank 21 and the nitrogen gas Gs forming the separation layer 103 above the carbon dioxide gas G2 are sequentially discharged to the outside of the tank 21. .. In this way, the inside of the tank 21 filled with the carbon dioxide gas G2 can be replaced with the ammonia gas G1. As a result, it is possible to efficiently switch the type of gas loaded in the tank and reduce the labor and time required for the work of switching the type of gas.
  • nitrogen gas Gs and ammonia gas G1 are supplied into the tank 21 through an upper pipe 32 that opens to the upper part in the tank 21.
  • the nitrogen gas is above the carbon dioxide gas G2 in the tank 21.
  • the separation layer 103 made of Gs can be formed.
  • Ammonia gas G1 having a specific gravity smaller than that of nitrogen gas Gs is supplied to the tank 21 through an upper pipe 32 that opens to the upper part in the tank 21, so that the ammonia gas G1 is supplied above the separation layer 103 in the tank 21. Can be done.
  • the amount of the nitrogen gas Gs forming the separation layer 103 is smaller than the capacity of the tank 21. Is supplied to. As a result, the amount of nitrogen gas Gs that forms the separation layer 103 supplied into the tank 21 can be suppressed, and the labor and time required to supply the nitrogen gas Gs that forms the separation layer 103 into the tank 21 can be suppressed. it can.
  • the tank 21 is provided on the hull 2 of the ship 1. As a result, it is possible to efficiently switch the type of gas to be loaded into the tank 21 provided on the hull 2 of the ship 1, and to reduce the labor and time required for the work of switching the type of gas.
  • the first gas is ammonia gas G1
  • the second gas is carbon dioxide gas G2
  • the inert gas is nitrogen gas Gs
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the first gas may be ammonia and the second gas may be propane or butane.
  • nitrogen gas Gs for example, dry air (dry air) or the like may be used.
  • the tank 21 filled with the first gas G1 is supplied with the inert gas Gs having a specific density larger than that of the first gas G1 and the first gas G1 is supplied.
  • the step S12 for sequentially discharging the first gas G1 and the separation layer 103 is included.
  • the inert gas Gs forming the separation layer 103 has a higher specific gravity than the first gas G1
  • the first gas G1 is supplied in the tank 21.
  • a separation layer 103 made of the inert gas Gs is formed below the above.
  • the first gas G1 is located above the separation layer 103 and above the tank 21.
  • the second gas G2 has a higher specific density than the inert gas Gs. Therefore, when the second gas G2 is supplied to the lower part of the tank 21, the second gas G2 is sent below the first gas G1 and the separation layer 103 in the tank 21. In this state, in the tank 21, the separation layer 103 is interposed between the upper first gas G1 and the lower second gas G2.
  • the contact between the first gas G1 and the second gas G2 can be suppressed.
  • the second gas G2 is continuously supplied to the lower part of the tank 21, the first gas G1 on the upper part of the tank 21 and the inert gas Gs forming the separation layer 103 below the first gas G1 are sequentially discharged to the outside of the tank 21. Can be done.
  • the first gas G1 and the inert gas Gs are discharged to the outside of the tank 21, only the second gas G2 remains in the tank 21.
  • the inside of the tank 21 filled with the first gas G1 can be replaced with the second gas G2. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently switch the type of gas to be loaded in the tank 21 and reduce the labor and time required for the work of switching the type of gas.
  • the gas replacement method S10 according to the second aspect is the gas replacement method S10 of (1), in which the inert gas Gs and the second gas G2 are opened to the lower portion in the tank 21. It is supplied to the tank 21 through the lower pipe 33.
  • the inert gas Gs which has a higher specific gravity than the first gas G1
  • the inert gas Gs is supplied to the tank 21 through the lower pipe 33 that opens to the lower part in the tank 21, so that the inert gas Gs is not below the first gas G1 in the tank 21.
  • the separation layer 103 with the active gas Gs can be formed quickly.
  • the second gas G2 which has a higher specific gravity than the inert gas Gs, to the tank 21 through the lower pipe 33 which opens to the lower part in the tank 21, the second gas is below the separation layer 103 in the tank 21. G2 can be supplied.
  • the tank 21 filled with the second gas G2 is supplied with the inert gas Gs having a specific density smaller than that of the second gas G2, and the second gas G2 is supplied.
  • the step S21 of forming the separation layer 103 with the inert gas Gs above the above the first gas G1 having a specific gravity smaller than that of the inert gas Gs is supplied to the upper part of the tank 21, and the first gas G1 having a specific gravity smaller than that of the inert gas Gs is supplied from the lower part of the tank 21.
  • the step S22 for sequentially discharging the second gas G2 and the separation layer 103 is included.
  • the inert gas Gs forming the separation layer 103 has a smaller specific gravity than the second gas G2. Therefore, when the inert gas Gs is supplied into the tank 21, the separation layer 103 by the inert gas Gs is formed above the second gas G2 in the tank 21. Further, the first gas G1 has a smaller specific gravity than the inert gas Gs. Therefore, when the first gas G1 is supplied to the upper part of the tank 21, the first gas G1 is accumulated in the tank 21 above the second gas G2 and the separation layer 103. In this state, in the tank 21, the separation layer 103 is interposed between the upper first gas G1 and the lower second gas G2.
  • the contact between the first gas G1 and the second gas G2 can be suppressed.
  • the second gas G2 at the lower part of the tank 21 and the inert gas Gs forming the separation layer 103 above the second gas G2 are sequentially discharged to the outside of the tank 21.
  • the first gas G1 remains in the tank 21.
  • the inside of the tank 21 filled with the second gas G2 can be replaced with the first gas G1.
  • the gas replacement method S20 according to the fourth aspect is the gas replacement method S20 of (3), in which the inert gas Gs and the first gas G1 are opened to the upper part in the tank 21. It is supplied into the tank 21 through the upper pipe 32.
  • the inert gas Gs having a specific gravity smaller than that of the second gas G2 By supplying the inert gas Gs having a specific gravity smaller than that of the second gas G2 to the tank 21 through the upper pipe 32 that opens to the upper part in the tank 21 in this way, the inert gas Gs is not above the second gas G2 in the tank 21.
  • the separation layer 103 with the active gas Gs can be formed.
  • the gas replacement methods S10 and S20 according to the fifth aspect are the gas replacement methods S10 and S20 according to any one of (1) to (4), and form the separation layer 103 with the inert gas Gs.
  • the inert gas Gs forming the separation layer 103 supplies the tank 21 in an amount smaller than the capacity of the tank 21.
  • the amount of the inert gas Gs forming the separation layer 103 supplied into the tank 21 is suppressed, and the labor and time required to supply the inert gas Gs forming the separation layer 103 into the tank 21 are suppressed. be able to.
  • the gas replacement methods S10 and S20 according to the sixth aspect are the gas replacement methods S10 and S20 according to any one of (1) to (5), and the tank 21 is attached to the hull 2 of the ship 1. It is provided.
  • first gas G1 is ammonia gas.
  • inert gas Gs include nitrogen gas when the first gas G1 is ammonia gas.
  • second gas G2 is carbon dioxide gas when the inert gas Gs is nitrogen gas.
  • the gas replacement method of the present disclosure it is possible to reduce the labor and time required for the work of switching the type of gas to be loaded in the tank.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de remplacement de gaz qui comprend : une étape dans laquelle un gaz inactif ayant une densité spécifique supérieure à un premier gaz est fourni à un réservoir rempli du premier gaz, et une couche de séparation résultant du gaz inactif est formée en dessous du premier gaz ; et une étape dans laquelle un second gaz ayant une densité spécifique supérieure à celle du gaz inactif est fourni à une partie inférieure du réservoir, et le premier gaz et la couche de séparation sont séquentiellement déchargés à partir d'une partie supérieure du réservoir.
PCT/JP2020/033891 2019-12-19 2020-09-08 Procédé de remplacement de gaz WO2021124621A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20902565.9A EP4056886B1 (fr) 2019-12-19 2020-09-08 Procédé de remplacement de gaz
KR1020227018757A KR20220092600A (ko) 2019-12-19 2020-09-08 가스 치환 방법
AU2020408428A AU2020408428B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2020-09-08 Gas replacement method
CN202080083800.8A CN114787550B (zh) 2019-12-19 2020-09-08 气体替换方法
ES20902565T ES2963128T3 (es) 2019-12-19 2020-09-08 Método de reemplazo de gas

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2019-229388 2019-12-19
JP2019229388A JP2021095092A (ja) 2019-12-19 2019-12-19 ガス置換方法

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WO2021124621A1 true WO2021124621A1 (fr) 2021-06-24

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JP (2) JP2021095092A (fr)
KR (1) KR20220092600A (fr)
CN (1) CN114787550B (fr)
AU (1) AU2020408428B2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2963128T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021124621A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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WO2023159266A1 (fr) * 2022-02-22 2023-08-31 Tasrex Pty Ltd Expédition d'émissions de dioxyde de carbone destinées au traitement et d'ammoniac vert destiné à l'import/export

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JP2024112477A (ja) * 2023-02-08 2024-08-21 三菱造船株式会社 リークガス回収装置、および浮体

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ES2963128T3 (es) 2024-03-25
CN114787550A (zh) 2022-07-22
JP2023181287A (ja) 2023-12-21
EP4056886B1 (fr) 2023-11-01
AU2020408428B2 (en) 2023-12-07
CN114787550B (zh) 2023-12-22
EP4056886A4 (fr) 2023-01-18
JP2021095092A (ja) 2021-06-24
KR20220092600A (ko) 2022-07-01
AU2020408428A1 (en) 2022-06-30
EP4056886A1 (fr) 2022-09-14
EP4056886C0 (fr) 2023-11-01

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