WO2021121284A1 - 移动终端定位系统和方法 - Google Patents

移动终端定位系统和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021121284A1
WO2021121284A1 PCT/CN2020/136906 CN2020136906W WO2021121284A1 WO 2021121284 A1 WO2021121284 A1 WO 2021121284A1 CN 2020136906 W CN2020136906 W CN 2020136906W WO 2021121284 A1 WO2021121284 A1 WO 2021121284A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal
positioning
unit
relevant parameters
remote
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PCT/CN2020/136906
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张小龙
王剑侠
徐锡强
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三维通信股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021121284A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021121284A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/33—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for indoor environments, e.g. buildings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/06—TPC algorithms
    • H04W52/14—Separate analysis of uplink or downlink
    • H04W52/146—Uplink power control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/245—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account received signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/10—Position of receiver fixed by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements, e.g. omega or decca systems

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a mobile terminal positioning system and method.
  • the 3GPP LTE Release 9 specification defines four LTE positioning technologies: ECID, A-GNSS, OTDOA and LPP positioning protocols.
  • ECID enhanced cell ID positioning
  • the network side eSMLC, Enhanced Service Mobile Positioning Center
  • eSMLC Enhanced Service Mobile Positioning Center
  • Information such as neighboring cell power and determined cell base station location information estimates the location of UE (User Equipment, user equipment).
  • A-GNSS Network Enhanced positioning, as shown in Figure 2. This technology mainly uses traditional satellite positioning combined with mobile networks.
  • the base station provides GNSS information, which shortens the time to search for satellites and improves GNSS performance.
  • OTDOA Observed Time Difference of Arrival positioning
  • TDOA radio signal propagation time difference
  • This technology uses multiple macro stations and multiple cells to realize the positioning function.
  • the network needs to summarize the data reported by multiple base stations and combine the positioning algorithm to provide positioning information.
  • LPP Lightweight Presentation Protocol, Lightweight Presentation Protocol
  • LPP as a general positioning communication protocol, the main function is to exchange positioning assistance data and positioning information between the network and the terminal.
  • LPP can fully support the positioning technology used in LTE (including ECID, A-GNSS and OTDOA), and it also supports the hybrid positioning technology of A-GNSS+OTDOA.
  • ECID positioning can quickly locate the position of the UE, the position is not accurate enough and is not suitable for indoor positioning;
  • A-GNSS positioning is more accurate, but it is difficult to capture satellite signals indoors, and it is not suitable for indoor positioning;
  • OTDOA positioning technology requires Three base stations are distributed at the same time, the deployment cost is high, it is not suitable for indoor deployment, and the support of the network side is required; when the LPP positioning protocol is applied to LTE mobile positioning, based on the above three technologies, it has the disadvantages of these technologies and requires the support of the network side.
  • the above four positioning technologies are basically only suitable for outdoor positioning. Due to the limitations of the indoor environment, the indoor macro station signal coverage is weak, and the GPS signal is also weak, which is not suitable for indoor positioning occasions.
  • Traditional indoor positioning technologies mainly include Wi-Fi positioning and Bluetooth positioning.
  • Wi-Fi positioning can achieve positioning, monitoring and tracking tasks in a complex environment through a wireless local area network (WLAN) composed of wireless access points (including wireless routers). It uses the location information of network nodes (wireless access points) as the basis and premise, and uses a combination of empirical testing and signal propagation models to locate the mobile devices that have been accessed.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • Bluetooth communication is a short-distance low-power wireless transmission technology, as shown in Figure 6, after installing a suitable Bluetooth LAN access point indoors, configure the network to be a multi-user-based basic network connection mode and ensure Bluetooth LAN access Dot is always the main device of this micro network, so the user's location information can be obtained by detecting the signal strength.
  • Wi-Fi positioning is prone to errors, and it is susceptible to interference from other signals, which affects its accuracy, and the energy consumption of the locator is also high; Bluetooth positioning is mainly used for small-range positioning. For complex spatial environments, the Bluetooth positioning system The stability is slightly worse, and the noise signal is greatly interfered. It is necessary to deploy an additional Bluetooth positioning system, and the deployment cost is high; the terminal needs to enable the Bluetooth function, otherwise the positioning cannot be performed.
  • a mobile terminal positioning system including a remote unit and a central unit;
  • the remote unit is used to deploy the physical layer, receive terminal signals, and obtain relevant parameters of the terminal signals through the physical layer;
  • the central unit is used to deploy the MAC layer, receive the relevant parameters sent by the remote unit, and obtain the location of the terminal according to the relevant parameters.
  • the relevant parameters of the terminal signal include the signal strength of the uplink shared channel signal of the terminal reaching the remote unit.
  • the relevant parameters of the terminal signal include the arrival time of the uplink sounding reference signal of the terminal to the remote unit.
  • the central unit is connected to multiple remote units, and the multiple remote units are used to respectively receive signals from the same terminal.
  • each remote unit separately obtains the relevant parameters of the terminal signal and uploads them to the central unit connected to the remote unit, and the MAC layer of the central unit stores the relevant parameters uploaded by each remote unit.
  • the relevant parameters uploaded by each remote unit are independently stored in the MAC layer of the central unit.
  • the mobile terminal positioning system further includes an expansion unit, and the central unit is cascaded with the remote unit through the expansion unit.
  • the central unit further includes a positioning module, which is used to obtain the positioning of the terminal according to related parameters, and the positioning module interacts with the MAC layer.
  • the power control module interacts with the MAC layer.
  • the central unit is also used to deploy the RRC layer and/or RRM layer of the protocol stack.
  • the mobile terminal positioning system of the present application realizes indoor positioning in a set of DRS system, and only requires coverage of one cell, and does not require multiple base stations or coordinated detection of multiple cells using traditional technologies.
  • a method for positioning a mobile terminal includes the following steps:
  • the remote unit detects the terminal signal in real time, obtains the relevant parameters of the terminal signal through the physical layer deployed in the remote unit, and reports the relevant parameters to the central unit;
  • the central unit receives the relevant parameters sent by the remote unit, and obtains the location of the terminal according to the relevant parameters.
  • the central unit decomposes the relevant parameters corresponding to the same frame signal sent by the terminal, and obtains the location of the terminal according to the relevant parameters corresponding to the same frame signal.
  • the step of acquiring the location of the terminal according to related parameters includes:
  • the mobile terminal positioning method further includes: judging whether it is necessary to send an uplink transmit power control command to adjust the terminal according to the signal strength of the uplink shared channel signal of the terminal received by the multiple remote units to the multiple remote units
  • the number of multiple remote units is at least 3; if the signal strength of N of them is greater than the set threshold, stop adjusting the terminal transmission power, and N is an integer equal to or greater than 3. Properly controlling the transmitting power of the terminal can ensure that the positioning accuracy of the terminal is not affected.
  • the relevant parameters include at least two different types of relevant parameters
  • the central unit obtains the terminal position of the type according to the respective different types of relevant parameters; combining each terminal position correction to obtain the final terminal position.
  • Each terminal position is complementary to each other, which can improve the detection accuracy and precision.
  • the relevant parameters include the signal strength of the terminal's uplink shared channel signal reaching the remote unit, and the arrival time of the terminal's uplink sounding reference signal reaching the remote unit.
  • a computer device including a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of the foregoing method when the computer program is executed by the processor.
  • a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the foregoing method are implemented.
  • the above-mentioned mobile terminal positioning system, method, computer equipment and readable storage medium have the following advantages:
  • the remote unit is used to deploy the physical layer, receives terminal signals, and obtains related parameters of the terminal signal through the physical layer;
  • the central unit is used to deploy the MAC layer, receives related parameters sent by the remote unit, and obtains the location of the terminal according to the related parameters.
  • the positioning function is realized on the basis of mobile signal coverage, without the need to deploy additional positioning systems, which solves the problems of high deployment cost and high deployment complexity of the positioning system; at the same time, the positioning function can be realized as long as there is a location covering the base station signal ,
  • the system positioning signal coverage is continuous and stable, which solves the problems of small coverage of the positioning system and discontinuous positioning signal coverage; uses the coverage signal of the base station system itself for positioning, avoids additional positioning signal interference, and solves the positioning system's vulnerability to other wireless signals The problem of interference.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the ECID positioning method.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the A-GNSS positioning method.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the OTDOA positioning method.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the LPP positioning method.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the WIFI positioning method.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the Bluetooth positioning method.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal positioning system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of functional division of the software protocol stack according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the interaction between the MAC layer and the positioning module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of signaling transmission and reception of a mobile terminal positioning system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a working schematic diagram of a mobile terminal positioning system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the principle of calculating the distance D from the mobile terminal to the remote unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the three-point positioning method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the principle of calculating the distance D from the mobile terminal to the remote unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of adjusting the transmit power of a terminal through a TPC command according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of adjusting the transmit power of a terminal through a TPC command according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a positioning method combining RSSI distance positioning and SRS arrival time difference according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the RSSI distance positioning and the SRS arrival time difference positioning method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • first ⁇ second ⁇ third involved in the embodiments of the present application only distinguishes similar objects, and does not represent a specific order for the objects. Understandably, “first ⁇ second ⁇ “Third” can be interchanged in specific order or precedence when permitted. It should be understood that the objects distinguished by “first ⁇ second ⁇ third” can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.
  • the "plurality” mentioned herein means two or more.
  • “And/or” describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three types of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A alone exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or” relationship.
  • the Distributed Relay System includes a central unit, an expansion unit and a remote unit.
  • the whole system is an independent distributed system, which realizes the indoor signal coverage of the mobile communication network.
  • the central unit is responsible for data transmission of the mobile communication protocol stack
  • the expansion unit is responsible for data forwarding
  • the remote unit is responsible for radio signal transmission
  • the remote units are distributed in various indoor areas for mobile communication signal coverage.
  • the terminals described herein can be, but are not limited to, smart phones, tablet computers, notebook computers, wearable devices, etc.
  • a mobile terminal positioning system is configured based on the DRS system, as shown in FIG. 7, including a central unit and multiple expansion units, and multiple expansion units and multiple remote units are cascaded.
  • the whole system is a base station system, which only covers the signal of one cell.
  • Each remote unit and antenna can be distributed to different locations, and each remote unit and antenna transmits the same cell signal.
  • the meaning of a cell in this article refers to the signal range that the DRS system including a central unit can cover. It can be a residential area in the usual sense, it can be a floor of an indoor shopping mall, it can be a part of the audience area of a large gymnasium, and so on.
  • the mobile terminal positioning system includes three types of modules: a central unit, an expansion unit and a remote unit. It includes a central unit, several expansion units are hung under the central unit, and several remote units are hung under each expansion unit.
  • the central unit, expansion unit, and remote unit described in this article should not only be understood as the deployment of a three-level structure.
  • the expansion unit can be omitted when the layout range does not require an expansion unit.
  • the expansion unit Units can include first-level expansion units, second-level expansion units, and so on.
  • the central unit may be any device that can realize the data transmission function.
  • the central unit may be a base station or a baseband processing unit (Building Baseband Unit, BBU).
  • BBU Building Baseband Unit
  • the expansion unit is any device that can realize the data forwarding function, and it is a device used by the DRS system to expand multiple remote sites after being remote.
  • central unit extension unit
  • remote unit remote unit
  • the spatial distance between the central unit, extension unit and remote unit can be large or small; for example, the central unit can be extended to the extension unit and the extension unit through an optical fiber.
  • the remote unit, central unit, expansion unit and remote unit may also be integrated into one device.
  • the baseband signals are transmitted to each other between the central unit, the expansion unit and the remote unit.
  • the remote unit can be regarded as a part of the base station, similar to the antenna unit of the traditional base station, except that the radio frequency signal is transmitted to the antenna unit, and the baseband signal is transmitted to the remote unit here.
  • This system expands the positioning function and splits and changes the protocol stack function on the basis of the distributed system architecture.
  • the functional segmentation diagram of the software protocol stack of the mobile terminal positioning system, the L2 (MAC layer) and L3 (RRC, RRM, etc.) of the protocol stack are implemented in the central unit, and the L1 (physical layer) of the protocol stack is at the remote end Unit realization: Deploy the physical layer to the remote unit, receive terminal signals, and obtain relevant parameters of the terminal signals through the physical layer.
  • Each remote unit can independently detect the delay difference and signal strength of the signal sent by the mobile terminal.
  • the central unit receives the relevant parameters (delay difference and signal strength) sent by the remote unit, and obtains the location of the terminal according to the relevant parameters.
  • the physical layer L1 is deployed to the remote unit and deployed independently.
  • the function of the physical layer itself is not changed; usually there is only one physical layer in the central unit.
  • each remote unit has a physical layer, and the central unit does not have a physical layer. The physical layer is needed again.
  • the remote unit includes a DSP module for realizing all the functions of the physical layer L1.
  • the mobile terminal positioning system further includes a positioning module, which is used to obtain the positioning of the terminal according to related parameters.
  • the positioning module is a new function independent of the general DRS system protocol stack, and a new software function module needs to be added.
  • the MAC layer will interact with the positioning module with the collected information.
  • the mobile terminal positioning system also includes a power control module, and the power control module needs to control the terminal to regulate power through the MAC.
  • the MAC layer protocol of the L2 protocol adds the management function of the terminal information detected on the remote unit side.
  • the MAC layer of L2 adds and stores the terminal information detected by each remote unit.
  • the MAC layer shown in Figure 9 includes at least RU1info, RU2info, and RU3info, corresponding to the terminal information detected by the remote units RU1, RU2, and RU3, respectively.
  • Each remote unit has a physical layer, and the information detected by each physical layer is different.
  • the MAC layer needs to summarize the information of each physical layer, and the data of each remote unit is stored independently for positioning Module and power control module provide data. If there are multiple MAC layers, each MAC needs to save data.
  • the L3 and above parts will not be modified to ensure that the basic functions of the DRS system will not be affected.
  • Traditional indoor positioning technologies include WIFI and Bluetooth positioning, etc., which are different from methods that use base station technology for positioning.
  • the wireless positioning technology requires additional wireless positioning equipment and servers, and requires additional overhead.
  • the base station positioning technology can be positioned as long as there is a place covered by the base station signal, without the overhead of additional equipment.
  • the traditional base station positioning technology is not suitable for indoor positioning.
  • the mobile terminal positioning system in the embodiment of the present application implements positioning detection calculations inside the base station, without additional network support, no additional deployment of indoor positioning systems, and mobile signals in DRS indoors. Adding functions on the basis of coverage can reduce deployment cost and difficulty, while reducing detection delay. It uses the coverage signal of the base station system itself for positioning, avoids additional positioning signal interference, and improves the continuity and coverage of signal coverage.
  • the system positioning signal coverage is continuous and stable, and the positioning function can be realized as long as there is a position covering the base station signal.
  • FIG 10 is a schematic diagram of the signaling transmission and reception of the mobile terminal positioning system.
  • the signaling used for terminal positioning mainly includes three: the uplink transmit power control command (TPC) sent by the central unit to the terminal, and the physical uplink shared channel of the terminal. PUSCH), the uplink sounding reference signal (Sounding Reference Signal, SRS) of the terminal.
  • TPC transmit power control command
  • PUSCH uplink shared channel of the terminal.
  • SRS Sounding Reference Signal
  • TPC Uplink transmit power control command
  • the remote unit detects the signal strength (RSSI) of the terminal's uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal to the remote unit, and the arrival time T of the terminal's uplink sounding reference signal (SRS) to the remote unit, and reports it to the central unit.
  • RSSI signal strength
  • PUSCH terminal's uplink shared channel
  • SRS uplink sounding reference signal
  • the mobile terminal positioning system of this embodiment is implemented on the basis of the DRS system. As shown in FIG. 11, only one cell needs to be established for positioning, and multiple cells do not need to be coordinated.
  • the mobile terminal positioning system has a built-in physical layer protocol on each remote unit (RU), so that each RU can detect the power of the signal from the user equipment/terminal (User Equipment, UE) and the arrival of the SRS signal time.
  • RU remote unit
  • OTDOA requires coordinated positioning of multiple base stations, there is overhead in communication between base stations, and the cost of deploying multiple base stations at the same time is high; in the mobile terminal positioning system in the embodiment of this application, a single DRS system can achieve positioning Function, can reduce the difficulty and cost of deployment, and improve the positioning speed.
  • the remote unit in the mobile terminal positioning system can arbitrarily adjust the position, number, and coverage (transmission power) according to the trade-off between coverage requirements and positioning requirements; in the initial deployment of the remote unit, according to the requirements of the positioning function, and To cover the requirements of signal range, the layout and number of remote units should be adjusted to a certain extent to facilitate the perfect integration of positioning function and signal coverage. Deploy multiple remote units at different indoor locations for signal coverage and record location information.
  • multiple remote units receive signals from the same terminal.
  • Each remote unit independently detects the RSSI of the terminal to the remote unit and the arrival time T of the SRS of the terminal to the remote unit, and reports to the central unit respectively.
  • remote units A, B, and C receive signals from the same terminal, remote unit A independently detects the signal strength RSSIA of the terminal arriving at remote unit A, and remote unit A independently detects terminal SRS arriving at remote unit A The arrival time TA is then reported to the central unit; the remote units B and C also report the independently detected information to the central unit.
  • the remote unit detects the transmitted signal strength RSSI and sounding reference signal SRS arrival time of each terminal in real time, and reports to the central unit.
  • the central unit summarizes the information reported by the remote unit, and decomposes the signal strength RSSI and SRS arrival time corresponding to the same frame signal sent by the terminal.
  • the central unit calculates the location of the terminal according to the signal strength RSSI and SRS arrival time of the same frame signal sent by the terminal.
  • the central unit calculates the terminal position according to the signal strength RSSI, the steps include:
  • d is the distance from the mobile terminal to the remote unit
  • ABS represents the absolute value
  • RSSI is the signal strength
  • A is the absolute value of the RSSI value when the detection device is 1 m away
  • n is the environmental attenuation factor.
  • the distances from the same terminal to different remote units are d1, d2, d3..., the positions of the remote units A, B, C... are known, and the position of the mobile terminal can be obtained according to the positioning algorithm.
  • A, B, and C in the figure represent three remote units respectively, and the three arrows point to the location of the terminal, d1, d2 And d3 are the calculated distances from the terminal to the three remote units; the three-point positioning method is used to calculate the position of the mobile terminal.
  • the three-point positioning method first there are three dots, and the radii of the three circles are known, and finally the intersection of the three circles is obtained to achieve the positioning effect; the purpose is to find the intersection of the three circles, and the Pythagorean theorem can be used to quickly find Get the coordinates of the intersection point.
  • the central unit calculates the terminal position according to the arrival time of the SRS signal, and the steps include:
  • the calculation formula for the distance D is:
  • the transmission speed ⁇ is the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in the air
  • the distance D is proportional to the time delay difference ⁇ t. The longer the time, the farther the distance.
  • the terminal and the remote unit pre-arranged to send the SRS signal at time t1 is in accordance with the process of agreeing to send the SRS signal between the remote unit and the terminal defined by 3GPP.
  • the terminal and the remote unit pre-arranged to send the SRS signal at time t1 is in accordance with the process of agreeing to send the SRS signal between the remote unit and the terminal defined by 3GPP.
  • the distances from the same terminal to different remote units are D1, D2, D3..., the positions of the remote units A, B, C... are known, and the position of the mobile terminal can be obtained according to the positioning algorithm.
  • the positioning algorithm can refer to the steps in which the central unit calculates the position of the terminal according to the signal strength RSSI.
  • the selection of the positioning algorithm is not limited to the method described in the foregoing embodiment, and any positioning algorithm that can obtain the positioning result can be used.
  • the number of remote units involved in positioning There is no limit to the number of remote units involved in positioning. If the number of remote units is large, certain criteria can be used for screening; if the number of remote units involved in positioning is small, the transmit power of the terminal can be adjusted through TPC commands. As shown in Figure 15, the area covered by the terminal can maintain a certain number of uplink signals that can be detected by the remote unit.
  • the central unit when more precise positioning is required, sends a TPC command to additionally increase the transmission power of the terminal, so that more remote ends can receive the uplink signal of the terminal, and the calculated position is more accurate. accurate.
  • the central unit judges whether it is necessary to send TPC commands to adjust the terminal's transmit power according to the RSSI detected by each remote unit; after the central unit confirms that at least N remote units can stably receive terminal signals, such as those received by N remote units If the terminal signal RSSI is higher than the set threshold, stop adjusting the terminal transmit power.
  • N may be an integer equal to or greater than 3.
  • the mobile phone transmission power needs to be adjusted so that three One or more remote units can detect the signal of the same mobile phone terminal; if three or more remote units can detect the same mobile phone signal, but the mobile phone signal is weak and the positioning accuracy is affected, then it is necessary Increase the transmission power of the mobile phone to improve the positioning accuracy.
  • the central unit can obtain the first terminal position according to the signal strength RSSI, and the central unit can obtain the second terminal position according to the arrival time of the SRS signal.
  • the central unit mainly performs terminal positioning detection based on the first terminal position.
  • a remote unit receives poor signal quality, it supplements the second terminal position as a correction to improve the accuracy of terminal positioning. Degree and precision.
  • the signal is good, the first terminal position detected by the signal power is relatively close to the second terminal position detected by the SRS arrival time, and no correction is needed.
  • Combining RSSI distance positioning and SRS arrival time difference positioning methods complement each other and can improve detection accuracy and precision.
  • the first terminal position is compared with the second terminal position. If the two errors are within the allowable range, such as within 1%, the result of the first terminal position shall prevail, otherwise the result of the second terminal position shall prevail. Prevail.
  • the relative positioning detection value accuracy is higher, and the SRS arrival time is because the electromagnetic wave transmission speed in the air is faster and the indoor positioning distance is relatively short.
  • the distance accuracy is not high enough, so the first terminal position obtained by power detection is mainly used for terminal positioning.
  • the received terminal signal power is used as the positioning basis, and the SRS arrival time is used as supplementary data for positioning correction to avoid errors caused by uneven power fading.
  • single RSSI positioning is based on signal strength, and is susceptible to the influence of moving obstructions (such as the human body) on RSSI; the method of this embodiment additionally provides time difference positioning information that is not affected by occlusion, which improves The indoor positioning accuracy is improved, and the interference of moving objects to single RSSI positioning is reduced.
  • the physical layer is on the central unit, and the baseband signal from the physical layer is transmitted to the remote unit.
  • the L1 physical layer
  • the physical layer can analyze the received terminal signal strength and the arrival time of the SRS subframe, and each remote unit can independently detect the remote unit. The distance to the terminal can realize the detection and positioning of the terminal position.
  • each remote unit needs 1.2288G of baseband data. If the physical layer is deployed to the remote unit, it only needs to transmit the signaling between the physical layer and L2 to the remote unit.
  • the data volume can be between 100M and 200M at most, and the data volume can be reduced to the order of 10 times. As a result, the data transmission rate requirements of the central unit and the remote unit are greatly reduced, the link transmission pressure is reduced, the stability of the system is improved, and the difficulty of implementation is reduced.
  • the various modules in the aforementioned mobile terminal positioning system can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, and a combination thereof.
  • the above-mentioned modules may be embedded in the form of hardware or independent of the processor in the computer equipment, or may be stored in the memory of the computer equipment in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to the above-mentioned modules.
  • a computer device including a memory and a processor, a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the following steps when the processor executes the computer program:
  • the terminal signal is detected in real time, the relevant parameters of the terminal signal are obtained through the physical layer, and the relevant parameters are reported to the central unit.
  • the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:
  • the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:
  • the relevant parameters corresponding to the same frame signal sent by the terminal are decomposed, and the positioning of the terminal is obtained according to the relevant parameters corresponding to the same frame signal.
  • the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:
  • the distance from the same terminal to at least three remote units is calculated according to the relevant parameters sent by at least three remote units with known locations, and the location of the terminal is calculated according to the three-point positioning method.
  • the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:
  • the remote unit determines whether it is necessary to send an uplink transmission power control command to adjust the transmission power of the terminal; confirm that at least N remote units can stably receive the terminal signal After that, stop adjusting the terminal's transmit power.
  • the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:
  • the first terminal position can be obtained according to the first relevant parameter
  • the second terminal position can be obtained according to the second relevant parameter
  • the final terminal position can be obtained by correcting the first terminal position and the second terminal position.
  • Non-volatile memory may include read only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory.
  • RAM is available in many forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous chain Channel (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种移动终端定位系统和方法，系统包括远端单元和中心单元，远端单元用于部署物理层，接收终端信号，并通过物理层获取终端信号的相关参数；中心单元用于部署MAC层，接收所述远端单元发送的相关参数；根据相关参数获取终端的定位。通过改变软件协议栈，在移动信号覆盖基础上实现定位功能，不需要额外部署定位系统，解决定位系统部署成本高，部署复杂度高的问题。

Description

移动终端定位系统和方法
相关申请
本申请要求2019年12月17日申请的，申请号为201911301648.1，发明名称为“移动终端定位系统和方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及移动通信技术领域，特别是涉及一种移动终端定位系统和方法。
背景技术
随着人民生活水平的逐步提高和移动通信技术的不断进步，人们对基于位置信息的服务的需求日益增大。目前，常用的定位技术主要包括基站定位技术和无线定位技术等。
针对基站定位技术，3GPP LTE Release9规范定义了4种LTE的定位技术：ECID、A-GNSS、OTDOA和LPP定位协议。
ECID(增强型小区ID)定位，如图1，该技术是在Cell-ID定位方法的基础上，网络端(eSMLC，增强服务移动定位中心)根据终端上报的服务小区ID、发送接收时间差、相邻小区功率等信息和已经确定的小区基站位置信息估计出UE(User Equipment，用户设备)的位置。
A-GNSS(网络增强)定位，如图2，该技术主要采用传统卫星定位结合移动网络，由基台提供GNSS信息，缩短搜索卫星的时间，提升GNSS的性能。
OTDOA(Observed Time Difference of Arrival，到达时间差)定位，如图3，该技术使用基站与移动终端的无线信号传播时间差(TDOA)计算UE的位置，通过测量UE与三个已知定位位置的基站的距离以定位UE。该技术使用多个宏站多个小区实现定位功能，同时需要网络端将多个基站上报的数据汇总并结合定位算法给出定位信息。
LPP(Lightweight Presentation Protocol，轻量级表示协议)定位，如图4，LPP作为通用定位通信协议，主要功能在于在网络与终端之间交互定位辅助数据和定位信息。LPP能够全面支持LTE中用到的定位技术(包括ECID、A-GNSS和OTDOA)，它还支持A-GNSS+OTDOA的混合定位技术。
ECID定位虽然能够快速定位UE的位置，但是位置不够精确，不适合在室内定位使用；A-GNSS定位位置比较精确，但是在室内很难捕获卫星信号，也不适合实现室内定位； OTDOA定位技术需要同时分布三个基站，部署成本高，不适合室内部署，且需要网络端的支持；LPP定位协议应用于LTE移动定位时基于以上三种技术，具备这些技术的缺点，且同时需要网络端的支持。以上四种定位技术基本上都只适合室外的定位，由于受到室内环境限制，室内宏站信号覆盖较弱，GPS信号也较弱，不适宜室内定位的场合。
传统室内定位技术主要包括Wi-Fi定位和蓝牙定位等。
Wi-Fi定位，如图5，通过无线接入点(包括无线路由器)组成的无线局域网络(WLAN)，可以实现复杂环境中的定位、监测和追踪任务。它以网络节点(无线接入点)的位置信息为基础和前提，采用经验测试和信号传播模型相结合的方式，对已接入的移动设备进行位置定位。
蓝牙通讯是一种短距离低功耗的无线传输技术，如图6，在室内安装适当的蓝牙局域网接入点后，将网络配置成基于多用户的基础网络连接模式，并保证蓝牙局域网接入点始终是这个微网络的主设备，这样通过检测信号强度就可以获取用户的位置信息。
Wi-Fi定位容易存在误差，而且很容易受到其他信号的干扰，从而影响其精度，定位器的能耗也较高；蓝牙定位主要应用于小范围定位，对于复杂的空间环境，蓝牙定位系统的稳定性稍差，受噪声信号干扰大，需要部署额外的蓝牙定位系统，部署成本高；需要终端开启蓝牙功能，否则无法定位。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种移动终端定位系统，所述系统包括远端单元和中心单元；
远端单元用于部署物理层，接收终端信号，并通过物理层获取终端信号的相关参数；
中心单元用于部署MAC层，接收远端单元发送的相关参数，根据相关参数获取终端的定位。
在其中一个实施例中，终端信号的相关参数包括终端的上行共享信道信号到达远端单元的信号强度。
在其中一个实施例中，终端信号的相关参数包括终端的上行探测参考信号到达远端单元的到达时间。
在其中一个实施例中，中心单元连接多个远端单元，多个远端单元用于分别接收同一终端的信号。
在其中一个实施例中，每个远端单元分别获取终端信号的相关参数，并上传给与该远端单元连接的中心单元，中心单元的MAC层存储每个远端单元上传的相关参数。
进一步的，每个远端单元上传的相关参数独立存储于所述中心单元的MAC层。
在其中一个实施例中，移动终端定位系统还包括扩展单元，中心单元通过扩展单元与远端单元级联。
在其中一个实施例中，中心单元还包括定位模块，定位模块用于根据相关参数获取终端的定位，定位模块与MAC层进行交互。
在其中一个实施例中，中心单元还包括功率控制模块，用于控制终端功率调控。
进一步的，功率控制模块与MAC层进行交互。
进一步的，中心单元还用于部署协议栈的RRC层和/或RRM层。
本申请的移动终端定位系统，在一套DRS系统中实现室内定位，只需要一个小区覆盖，不需要传统技术的多个基站或多个小区协同检测。
根据本申请的各种实施例，还提供一种移动终端定位方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
远端单元实时检测终端信号，通过部署于远端单元内的物理层获取终端信号的相关参数，将相关参数上报至中心单元；
中心单元接收远端单元发送的相关参数，根据相关参数获取终端的定位。
进一步的，中心单元接收远端单元发送的相关参数之后，分解出终端所发送的同一帧信号对应的相关参数，根据同一帧信号对应的相关参数获取终端的定位。
在其中一个实施例中，根据相关参数获取终端的定位的步骤包括：
根据至少三个位置已知的远端单元发送的相关参数，计算同一终端到至少三个远端单元的距离，根据三点定位法计算同一终端的位置。
在其中一个实施例中，移动终端定位方法还包括：根据多个远端单元接收到的终端的上行共享信道信号到达多个远端单元的信号强度，判断是否需要发送上行发射功率控制命令调整终端的发射功率，多个远端单元数量至少为3个；若其中N个信号强度大于设定的阈值，停止调整终端发射功率，N为等于或者大于3的整数。合理控制终端的发射功率，能够保证终端的定位精度不受影响。
在其中一个实施例中，相关参数包括至少两种不同种类的相关参数，所述中心单元根据各个不同种类的相关参数得到该种类下的终端位置；结合各个终端位置修正得到最终的终端定位。各个终端位置互为补充，能够提高检测准确率和精度。
在其中一个实施例中，相关参数包括终端的上行共享信道信号到达所述远端单元的信号强度，以及终端的上行探测参考信号到达所述远端单元的到达时间。
根据本申请的各种实施例，还提供一种计算机设备，包括存储器和处理器，存储器存储有计算机程序，处理器执行计算机程序时实现上述方法的步骤。
根据本申请的各种实施例，还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述的方法的步骤。
上述移动终端定位系统、方法、计算机设备和可读存储介质具有以下优点：
远端单元用于部署物理层，接收终端信号，并通过物理层获取终端信号的相关参数；中心单元，用于部署MAC层，接收远端单元发送的相关参数，根据相关参数获取终端的定位。通过改变软件协议栈，在移动信号覆盖基础上实现定位功能，不需要额外部署定位系统，解决定位系统部署成本高，部署复杂度高的问题；同时只要有覆盖基站信号的位置就能实现定位功能，系统定位信号覆盖连续且稳定，解决定位系统覆盖范围小、定位信号覆盖不连续的问题；使用基站系统本身的覆盖信号作定位，避免了额外的定位信号干扰，解决定位系统容易受其他无线信号干扰的问题。
附图说明
为了更好地描述和说明这里公开的那些申请的实施例和/或示例，可以参考一幅或多幅附图。用于描述附图的附加细节或示例不应当被认为是对所公开的申请、目前描述的实施例和/或示例以及目前理解的这些申请的最佳模式中的任何一者的范围的限制。
图1是ECID定位方法的原理图。
图2是A-GNSS定位方法的原理图。
图3是OTDOA定位方法的原理图。
图4是LPP定位方法的原理图。
图5是WIFI定位方法的原理图。
图6是蓝牙定位方法的原理图。
图7是本申请实施例的移动终端定位系统的结构示意图。
图8是本申请实施例的软件协议栈功能分割示意图。
图9是本申请实施例的MAC层与定位模块交互示意图。
图10是本申请实施例的移动终端定位系统的信令收发示意图。
图11是本申请实施例的移动终端定位系统的工作示意图。
图12是本申请实施例的计算移动终端到达远端单元的距离D的原理示意图。
图13是本申请实施例的三点定位法原理示意图。
图14是本申请实施例的计算移动终端到达远端单元的距离D的原理示意图。
图15是本申请实施例的通过TPC命令调整终端的发射功率示意图。
图16是本申请实施例的通过TPC命令调整终端的发射功率示意图。
图17是本申请实施例的结合RSSI距离定位和SRS到达时间差的定位方法示意图。
图18是本申请实施例的RSSI距离定位和SRS到达时间差的定位方法原理示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例所涉及的术语“第一\第二\第三”仅仅是是区别类似的对象，不代表针对对象的特定排序，可以理解地，“第一\第二\第三”在允许的情况下可以互换特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解“第一\第二\第三”区分的对象在适当情况下可以互换，以使这里描述的本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。
本申请实施例的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或(模块)单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本文中提及的“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
分布式中继系统(Distributed Relay System，简称DRS)，包括中心单元，扩展单元和远端单元。整套系统是一个独立的分布式系统，实现移动通信网络的室内信号覆盖。中心单元负责移动通信协议栈的数据传输，扩展单元负责数据转发，远端单元负责无线电信号传输，远端单元分布在室内各个区域进行移动通信信号覆盖。
本文所述终端可以但不仅限于是智能手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、穿戴设备等。
在一个实施例中，基于DRS系统配置一种移动终端定位系统，如图7所示，包括一个中心单元和多个扩展单元，多个扩展单元和多个远端单元级联。整个系统是一个基站系统，只覆盖一个小区的信号。每个远端单元及天线可以分布到不同的位置，每个远端单元及天线发射的是同一个小区信号。
本文小区的含义指的是包括一个中心单元的DRS系统能够覆盖的信号范围，可以是通常意义上的住宅小区，可以是室内商场的一个楼层，可以是大型体育馆的一部分观众区域，等等。
移动终端定位系统包括中心单元、扩展单元和远端单元三个类型的模块。其中包括一个中心单元，中心单元下挂若干个扩展单元，每个扩展单元再下挂若干个远端单元。
本文所述的中心单元、扩展单元和远端单元，不应该仅理解为三级结构的部署，例如在布局范围不需要扩展单元的时候可以省略扩展单元，例如当布局范围需要扩展单元时，扩展单元可以包括第一级扩展单元、第二级扩展单元等等以此类推。
中心单元可以是能实现数据传输功能的任何器件，比如中心单元可以是基站，也可以是基带处理单元(Building Base band Unit，BBU)。
扩展单元是能实现数据转发功能的任何器件，是DRS系统用于拉远之后扩展多个远端的设备。
所谓的中心单元、扩展单元和远端单元是一种相对的描述，中心单元、扩展单元和远端单元之间的空间距离可以大，也可以小；例如中心单元通过光纤拉远到扩展单元和远端单元，中心单元、扩展单元和远端单元也可能被集成到一个设备上。
中心单元、扩展单元和远端单元之间，互相传输的是基带信号。远端单元可看作属于基站的一个部分，类似于传统基站的天线单元，不同的是传给天线单元的是射频信号，传给此处远端单元的是基带信号。
本系统在分布式系统架构的基础上做定位功能的扩展和协议栈功能的分割改动。如图8所示，移动终端定位系统的软件协议栈功能分割示意图，协议栈的L2(MAC层)和L3(RRC、RRM等)在中心单元实现，协议栈的L1(物理层)在远端单元实现；将物理层部署到远端单元，接收终端信号，并通过物理层获取终端信号的相关参数。各远端单元能够独立检测移动终端所发信号的时延差和信号强度，中心单元接收远端单元发送的相关参数(时延差和信号强度)，根据相关参数获取终端的定位。物理层L1部署到远端单元并进行独立部署，物理层本身的功能不作改动；通常只有在中心单元有一个物理层，而本实施例中是每个远端单元有一个物理层，中心单元不再需要物理层。
具体的，远端单元包括DSP模块，用于实现物理层L1的全部功能。
在一个实施例中，移动终端定位系统还包括定位模块，定位模块用于根据相关参数获取终端的定位。定位模块相对于通用的DRS系统协议栈是独立出来的新功能，需要添加新的软件功能模块，MAC层将采集到的信息与定位模块进行交互。
进一步的，移动终端定位系统还包括功率控制模块，功率控制模块需要通过MAC去 控制终端调控功率。
L2协议的MAC层协议增加对远端单元侧检测到的终端信息的管理功能。L2的MAC层添加存储每个远端单元检测到的终端信息，图9中显示的MAC层至少包括RU1info、RU2info、RU3info，对应的分别为远端单元RU1、RU2以及RU3检测到的终端信息。每个远端单元都有一个物理层，每个物理层检测到的信息都是不同的，MAC层需要把每个物理层的信息都汇总，并且每个远端单元的数据独立保存，为定位模块与功率控制模块提供数据。如果有多个MAC层，则每个MAC都需要保存数据。
具体的，L3及以上部分不作改动，保证DRS系统基本功能不受影响。
传统室内定位技术包括WIFI和蓝牙定位等，区别于使用基站技术进行定位的方法，无线定位技术需要额外的无线定位设备和服务器，需要额外的开销。基站定位技术只要有基站信号覆盖的地方就能定位，无需额外设备的开销。然而传统基站定位技术不适合室内定位，本申请实施例中的移动终端定位系统，在基站内部实现定位检测计算，不需要额外的网络端支撑，不需要额外部署室内定位系统，在DRS室内移动信号覆盖基础上增加功能，能够降低部署成本和难度，同时减少检测延时。其使用基站系统本身的覆盖信号作定位，避免了额外的定位信号干扰，提高信号覆盖的连续性和覆盖范围。不需要额外的网络端对定位功能的支撑，减少信令传输的开销和检测时延，能够降低部署难度。系统定位信号覆盖连续且稳定，只要有覆盖基站信号的位置就能实现定位功能。
图10是移动终端定位系统的信令收发示意图，用于终端定位的信令主要包括三条：中心单元发给终端的上行发射功率控制命令(TPC)、终端的上行共享信道(Physical Uplink Shared Channel，PUSCH)、终端的上行探测参考信号(Sounding Reference Signal，SRS)。
1)上行发射功率控制命令(TPC)，用于调整终端的发射功率，使得至少一个远端能正常接收终端的信号。
2)远端单元检测终端的上行共享信道(PUSCH)信号到达远端单元的信号强度(RSSI)、终端的上行探测参考信号(SRS)到达远端单元的到达时间T，并上报给中心单元。
本实施例移动终端定位系统在DRS系统的基础上实现，如图11所示，只需要建立一个小区既能定位，不需要多个小区协同。移动终端定位系统在每个远端单元(Remote Unit，RU)上都内置物理层协议，使得每个RU都能检测来自用户设备/终端(User Equipment，UE)的信号的功率和SRS信号的到达时间。与OTDOA定位方法相比较，OTDOA需要多个基站协同定位，基站之间通信存在开销，且同时部署多个基站成本较高；本申请实施例中的移动终端定位系统，单个DRS系统即能实现定位功能，能够降低部署难度和成本，提高定位速度。
移动终端定位系统内的远端单元，可根据覆盖区间要求和定位要求的权衡，任意调整 位置、数量、覆盖范围(发射功率)；在初始布局远端单元的时候，根据定位功能的要求，以及覆盖信号范围的需求，对远端单元的布局和数量做一定程度上的调整，以有利于定位功能与信号覆盖的完美融合。将多个远端单元部署在室内不同位置进行信号覆盖，并录入位置信息。
在一个实施例中，多个远端单元接收到来自同一个终端的信号。每个远端单元独立检测终端到达远端单元的RSSI、终端的SRS到达远端单元的到达时间T，并各自上报给中心单元。
比如远端单元A、B、C接收到来自同一个终端的信号，远端单元A独立检测终端到达远端单元A的信号的信号强度RSSIA，远端单元A独立检测终端SRS到达远端单元A的到达时间TA，然后上报给中心单元；远端单元B和C同样将独立检测到的信息上报给中心单元。
远端单元实时检测每个终端的发射信号强度RSSI和探测参考信号SRS到达时间，并上报给中心单元。
中心单元汇总远端单元上报的信息，并分解出终端所发送的同一帧信号对应的信号强度RSSI、SRS到达时间。
中心单元根据终端所发送的同一帧信号的信号强度RSSI、SRS到达时间计算出终端的位置。
中心单元根据信号强度RSSI计算出终端位置，步骤包括：
获取终端到达远端单元的信号的信号强度RSSI，根据信号强度与距离的对应关系计算出移动终端到达远端单元的距离d，如图12所示；
依据无线电衰减模型，信号强度与距离的对应关系如下式：
d＝10^((ABS(RSSI)-A)/(10*n))
其中，d为移动终端到远端单元的距离，ABS表示取绝对值，RSSI为信号强度；A为距离探测设备1m时的RSSI值的绝对值；n为环境衰减因子。
获取同一个终端到不同的远端单元的距离分别为d1、d2、d3...，远端单元A、B、C...的位置已知，根据定位算法可以得到移动终端的位置。
定位算法可以有多种选择，在一个实施例中，如图13所示，图中所示A、B、C分别代表三个远端单元，三个箭头所指为终端所在位置，d1、d2和d3分别为计算出来的终端到三个远端单元的距离；选用三点定位法计算移动终端的位置。三点定位法，首先有三个圆点，同时这三个圆的半径已知，最终求得三圆的交点，达到定位效果；目的是求得三个圆的交点，利用勾股定理可以快速求得交点坐标。
中心单元根据SRS信号到达时间计算出终端位置，步骤包括：
终端与中心单元(通过L2协议栈)事先约定好在t1时刻发送SRS信号，远端单元检测SRS信号到达远端单元的时间t2，计算得到移动终端向远端单元发送信号的时延差Δt＝t2-t1，根据时延差Δt计算出移动终端到达远端单元的距离D，如图14所示，距离D的计算公式为：
D＝ν×Δt
其中，传输速度ν为电磁波在空气中的传播速度，距离D与时延差Δt成正比，时间越长，距离越远。
在一个实施例中，终端与远端单元事先约定好在t1时刻发送SRS信号，约定过程按照3GPP定义的远端单元与终端之间约定发送SRS的时间的过程。通过检测远端单元预先与移动终端设定好的周期或非周期的SRS子帧的时间位置，根据发送SRS子帧时的子帧周期与偏移量以及当前接收到SRS子帧的时间位置即可确定SRS子帧信号从终端传输到远端单元所需的时间，从而计算出距离。
获取同一个终端到不同的远端单元的距离分别为D1、D2、D3...，远端单元A、B、C...的位置已知，根据定位算法可以得到移动终端的位置。此处定位算法可以参照中心单元根据信号强度RSSI计算出终端位置的步骤。
定位算法的选择不限于上述实施例所述方法，任何可以获取定位结果的定位算法都可以使用。
参与定位的远端单元的数量也没有限制，若远端单元的数量较多可以用一定的标准进行筛选；若参与定位的远端单元的数量较少，可以通过TPC命令调整终端的发射功率，如图15所示，使得终端所覆盖区域能够保持一定数量以上远端单元能检测到终端的上行信号。
在一个实施例中，如图16所示，需要更精确的定位时，中心单元发送TPC命令，额外提升终端的发射功率，让更多的远端接收到终端的上行信号，计算出的位置更精确。中心单元根据各个远端单元检测到的RSSI，判断是否需要发送TPC命令调整终端的发射功率；中心单元确认至少N个远端单元能够稳定接收到终端信号之后，例如N个远端单元接收到的终端信号RSSI高于设定的阈值，则停止调整终端发射功率。具体的，N可以是等于或者大于3的整数。
在一个实施例中，在正常的功率控制算法上，也即至少布置有三个以上远端单元，其中如果少于三个远端单元检测到同一手机终端信号，则需要调整手机发射功率，使得三个或三个以上远端单元能检测到同一手机终端的信号；如果三个或以上远端单元能检测到的同一手机信号，但是手机信号较弱，导致定位精度受影响的时候，此时需要增大手机发射功率， 以提高定位精度。
在一个实施例中，中心单元根据信号强度RSSI可以得到第一终端位置，中心单元根据SRS信号到达时间可以得到第二终端位置。
具体的，如图17所示，中心单元以第一终端位置为主进行终端定位检测，当某远端单元接收信号质量差的时候，辅以第二终端位置作为修正，以提高终端定位的准确度和精度。当信号较好的时候，通过信号功率检测到的第一终端位置和与SRS到达时间检测的第二终端位置比较接近，无需修正。结合RSSI距离定位和SRS到达时间差的定位方法，互为补充，能够提高检测准确率和精度。
在一个实施例中，将第一终端位置与第二终端位置做比较，如果两个误差在允许范围内，比如1％以内，则以第一终端位置结果为准，反之以第二终端位置结果为准。
如图18所示，因为功率随距离衰落较明显，相对的定位检测值精度较高，而SRS到达时间由于空气中电磁波传输速度较快，且室内定位距离较近，使用电磁波传输时间检测到的距离精度不够高，所以以功率检测获得的第一终端位置为主进行终端定位。同时使用接收到的终端信号功率作为定位依据，辅以SRS到达时间作为补充数据进行定位的修正，避免因功率衰落不均引起误差。与使用单RSSI定位技术相比，单RSSI定位是基于信号强度的定位，易受移动阻挡物(例如人体)对RSSI的影响；本实施例方法额外提供了不受遮挡影响的时间差定位信息，提高了室内定位精度，减少了移动物体对单RSSI定位的干扰。
通常的DRS系统，物理层是在中心单元上的，传给远端单元的是物理层出来的基带信号。本实施例中将L1(物理层)下沉到远端单元，物理层能解析出接收到的终端信号的强度、SRS子帧的到达时间，每个远端单元才能够独立检测该远端单元与终端的距离，可以实现终端位置的检测定位。
如果物理层没有部署到远端单元，则每个远端单元需要1.2288G的基带数据，如果将物理层部署到远端单元，则只需要给远端单元传输物理层与L2之间信令即可最多100M～200M之间的数据量，数据量减少为10倍的量级。由此，大大降低中心单元与远端单元的数据传输速率要求，减轻链路传输压力，提高系统的稳定性，降低实现难度。
前述移动终端定位系统中的各个模块可全部或部分通过软件、硬件及其组合来实现。上述各模块可以硬件形式内嵌于或独立于计算机设备中的处理器中，也可以以软件形式存储于计算机设备中的存储器中，以便于处理器调用执行以上各个模块对应的操作。
在一个实施例中，提供了一种计算机设备，包括存储器和处理器，存储器中存储有计算机程序，该处理器执行计算机程序时实现以下步骤：
实时检测终端信号，通过物理层获取终端信号的相关参数，将相关参数上报给中心单元。
在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时实现以下步骤：
接收远端单元发送的相关参数，根据相关参数获取终端的定位。
在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时实现以下步骤：
接收远端单元发送的相关参数之后，分解出终端所发送的同一帧信号对应的相关参数，根据同一帧信号对应的相关参数获取终端的定位。
在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时实现以下步骤：
根据至少三个位置已知的远端单元发送的相关参数，计算同一终端到至少三个远端单元的距离，根据三点定位法计算终端的位置。
在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时实现以下步骤：
根据各个远端单元检测到的终端的上行共享信道信号到达远端单元的信号强度，判断是否需要发送上行发射功率控制命令调整终端的发射功率；确认至少N个远端单元能够稳定接收到终端信号之后，停止调整终端发射功率。
在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时实现以下步骤：
根据第一相关参数可以得到第一终端位置，根据第二相关参数可以得到第二终端位置；结合第一终端位置和第二终端位置修正得到最终的终端定位。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的计算机程序可存储于一非易失性计算机可读取存储介质中，该计算机程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，本申请所提供的各实施例中所使用的对存储器、存储、数据库或其它介质的任何引用，均可包括非易失性和/或易失性存储器。非易失性存储器可包括只读存储器(ROM)、可编程ROM(PROM)、电可编程ROM(EPROM)、电可擦除可编程ROM(EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可包括随机存取存储器(RAM)或者外部高速缓冲存储器。作为说明而非局限，RAM以多种形式可得，诸如静态RAM(SRAM)、动态RAM(DRAM)、同步DRAM(SDRAM)、双数据率SDRAM(DDRSDRAM)、增强型SDRAM(ESDRAM)、同步链路(Synchlink)DRAM(SLDRAM)、存储器总线(Rambus)直接RAM(RDRAM)、直接存储器总线动态RAM(DRDRAM)、以及存储器总线动态RAM(RDRAM)等。
以上实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在 不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种移动终端定位系统，其特征在于，包括远端单元和中心单元；
    所述远端单元用于部署物理层，接收终端信号，并通过所述物理层获取所述终端信号的相关参数；
    所述中心单元用于部署MAC层，接收所述远端单元发送的所述相关参数，根据所述相关参数获取终端的定位；其中，每个所述远端单元上传的相关参数独立存储于所述中心单元的MAC层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的移动终端定位系统，其特征在于，所述终端信号的相关参数包括终端的上行共享信道信号到达所述远端单元的信号强度，和/或，终端的上行探测参考信号到达所述远端单元的到达时间。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的移动终端定位系统，其特征在于，所述中心单元连接多个所述远端单元，多个所述远端单元用于分别接收同一终端的信号。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的移动终端定位系统，其特征在于，每个所述远端单元分别获取所述终端信号的相关参数，并上传给与该远端单元连接的中心单元，所述中心单元的MAC层存储每个所述远端单元上传的所述相关参数，每个所述远端单元上传的所述相关参数独立存储于所述中心单元的MAC层。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的移动终端定位系统，其特征在于，所述移动终端定位系统还包括扩展单元，所述中心单元通过所述扩展单元与所述远端单元级联。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的移动终端定位系统，其特征在于，所述中心单元还包括定位模块，所述定位模块用于根据所述相关参数获取终端的定位；所述定位模块与所述MAC层进行交互。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的移动终端定位系统，其特征在于，所述中心单元还包括功率控制模块，用于控制终端功率调控。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的移动终端定位系统，其特征在于，所述功率控制模块与所述MAC层进行交互。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的移动终端定位系统，其特征在于，所述中心单元还用于部署协议栈的RRC层和/或RRM层。
  10. 一种移动终端定位方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
    远端单元实时检测终端信号，通过部署于所述远端单元内的物理层获取所述终端信号的相关参数，并将所述相关参数上报至中心单元；
    所述中心单元接收所述远端单元发送的所述相关参数，根据所述相关参数获取终端的定 位；其中，每个所述远端单元上传的相关参数独立存储于所述中心单元的MAC层。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的移动终端定位方法，其特征在于，所述中心单元接收所述远端单元发送的所述相关参数之后，分解出终端所发送的同一帧信号对应的相关参数，根据同一帧信号对应的相关参数获取终端的定位。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的移动终端定位方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述相关参数获取终端的定位的步骤包括：
    根据至少三个位置已知的远端单元发送的所述相关参数，计算同一终端到至少三个远端单元的距离，根据定位法计算所述同一终端的位置。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的移动终端定位方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：根据多个所述远端单元接收到的终端的上行共享信道信号到达多个所述远端单元的信号强度，判断是否需要发送上行发射功率控制命令调整终端的发射功率，所述多个远端单元数量至少为3个；若其中N个信号强度大于设定的阈值，停止调整终端发射功率，N为等于或者大于3的整数。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的移动终端定位方法，其特征在于，所述相关参数包括至少两种不同种类的相关参数，所述中心单元根据各个不同种类的相关参数得到该种类下的终端位置；结合各个终端位置修正得到最终的终端定位。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的移动终端定位方法，其特征在于，所述相关参数包括终端的上行共享信道信号到达所述远端单元的信号强度，以及终端的上行探测参考信号到达所述远端单元的到达时间。
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