WO2021120953A1 - 一种 1,7- 萘啶衍生物的合成方法 - Google Patents

一种 1,7- 萘啶衍生物的合成方法 Download PDF

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WO2021120953A1
WO2021120953A1 PCT/CN2020/129254 CN2020129254W WO2021120953A1 WO 2021120953 A1 WO2021120953 A1 WO 2021120953A1 CN 2020129254 W CN2020129254 W CN 2020129254W WO 2021120953 A1 WO2021120953 A1 WO 2021120953A1
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compound
butyl
tert
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钱伟
施裕华
黄兴
董昌明
党军奎
王植鹏
冯宇
许宏
黄宗玺
陈叶
沈华飞
张俊
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诚达药业股份有限公司
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Priority to US17/610,106 priority Critical patent/US20220235044A1/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D471/04Ortho-condensed systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/55Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates and organic chemical intermediates, and relates to a synthetic method of 1,7-naphthyridine derivatives.
  • 1,7-Naphthyridine is an important class of pharmaceutical intermediates with a wide range of applications. For example, in Novartis, Switzerland, it is used in type 4 phosphodiesterase (PDE4). Inhibitor (CN101018791A), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor (CN101501034A), dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor (J. Med. Chem. 2018, 61, 5162) and others have used 1,7-naphthyridine derivatives.
  • 8-Chloro-1,7-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid and its ester compounds are important derivatives of 1,7-naphthyridines, which are derived from the 8- and 3-positions of the 1,7-naphthyridine skeleton Provides convenience and possibilities.
  • Incyte in the United States discovered a series of new immunomodulatory active compounds (CN108699001A, US20170174679), which have potential treatment, prevention and improvement effects on certain cancers and infectious diseases.
  • the existing synthetic routes all have shortcomings, such as long steps, the need to use expensive reagents and catalysts, involving flammable, explosive, and highly toxic reagents, production processes, and serious environmental pollution. Conducive to large-scale industrial production.
  • the present invention designs a method for synthesizing 1,7-naphthyridine derivatives with simple operation and high yield.
  • the invention provides a synthetic method for 1,7-naphthyridine derivatives that are readily available in raw materials, high in yield, good in quality, simple in operation, and suitable for industrial production.
  • the present invention is a synthesis method of 1,7-naphthyridine derivatives, which is characterized in that it comprises the following synthesis steps:
  • 2-Chloro-3-amino-pyridine is compound I, compound I is the starting material, and the amino group is protected to prepare compound II.
  • compound I, protecting group reagent and acid binding agent in a solvent, reaction temperature The molar ratio of compound I, protecting group reagent, acid binding agent is 1.0:1.0 ⁇ 10.0:0 ⁇ 15.0, and the protecting group reagent is di-tert-butyl dicarbonate, di-tert-butyl dicarbonate, and the molar ratio of acid binding agent is 1.0:1.0 ⁇ 10.0:0 ⁇ 15.0 after post-treatment.
  • the protecting group R1 is any one or more of the following tert-butoxycarbonyl, isobutoxycarbonyl, n-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, n-propoxycarbonyl, and isopropoxycarbonyl
  • the acid binding agent is any one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbon
  • the molar ratio of compound II, base, tetramethylethylenediamine, and aldehyde reagent is 1.0:1.0 ⁇ 5.0:1.0 ⁇ 5.0:1.0 ⁇ 5.0
  • the base is any one or more of n-butyllithium, tert-butyllithium, diisopropylamide lithium, and hexamethyldisilazide lithium
  • the solvent is tetrahydrofuran, methyl Any one or more of tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, and methyl tert-butyl ether
  • the aldehyde grouping agent is any one of dimethylformamide, diethylformamide, and N-formylmorpholinekind or more
  • Compound III is prepared by cyclization reaction with acrylate compound under the action of Lewis acidity, compound III, Lewis acid and acrylate compound are dissolved in solvent, and cyclization reaction occurs at 10 ⁇ 120°C.
  • the solvent is any one or more of ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, dioxane, and methyl tert-butyl ether
  • the Lewis acid is sodium tetrafluoroborate , Lithium tetrafluoroborate, calcium tetrafluoroborate, potassium tetrafluoroborate, any one or more of them.
  • Acrylic compounds are N,N-dimethylamino ethyl acrylate, N,N-dimethylamino acrylic acid Any one or more of methyl ester, N,N-dimethylamino propyl acrylate, N,N-dimethylamino butyl acrylate, the molar ratio of compound III, Lewis acid, and acrylic ester compound is 1.0 :0.5 ⁇ 10:1.0 ⁇ 5.0, preferably 1.0:1.0 ⁇ 2.0:1.5 ⁇ 3.0, R2 in the compound IV is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert Any of butyl.
  • reaction temperature is 60-100°C.
  • the protecting group reagent is one of tert-butyl chloroformate, isobutyl chloroformate, di-tert-butyl dicarbonate and diisobutyl dicarbonate or Any number, preferably tert-butoxycarbonyl and isobutoxycarbonyl.
  • the reaction solvent in step (1) is any one or more of toluene, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, dioxane, methyl tert-butyl ether, and n-heptane, preferably It is methyltetrahydrofuran and/or dioxane.
  • the acid binding agent in step (1) is potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and triethylamine.
  • the ratio of compound I, protecting group reagent, and acid binding agent in step (1) is 1.0:1.0 ⁇ 2.0:0 ⁇ 3.0.
  • step (2) after the compound II, base, tetramethylethylenediamine, and solvent are reacted at -20 ⁇ -40°C, the hydroformylation reagent is added dropwise at -20 ⁇ -40°C Lower aldehyde group reaction, and then post-treatment to obtain compound III.
  • step (2) the base is n-butyllithium, the solvent is tetrahydrofuran, the hydroformylation reagent is N-formylmorpholine, compound II, base, tetramethyl
  • the molar ratio of ethylenediamine and aldehyde reagent is 1.0:2.0 ⁇ 3.0:1.0 ⁇ 2.0:1.0 ⁇ 2.0.
  • step (3) compound III, Lewis acid, and acrylate compounds are dissolved in a solvent, and a cyclization reaction occurs at 50-80° C. to prepare compound IV.
  • step (3) the solvent is acetonitrile
  • the Lewis acid is lithium tetrafluoroborate
  • the acrylate compound is N,N-dimethylamino ethyl acrylate.
  • compound III, Lewis acid The molar ratio of the acrylate compound is 1.0:1.0 ⁇ 2.0:1.5 ⁇ 3.0, and R2 in the compound III is an ethyl group.
  • the synthetic method of the 1,7-naphthyridine derivative of the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the route of the invention is relatively simple, the raw materials used are all commercially available commercial materials, and the raw materials are relatively cheap, without complicated special operations, and are suitable for industrial production;
  • the prepared pharmaceutical intermediates have higher yield and better quality.
  • the NMR data are as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) ⁇ 9.98(s, 1H), ⁇ 8.37 (d, 1H), ⁇ 7.66 (d, 1H), ⁇ 6.98 (s, 1H), ⁇ 1.53 (s, 9H).
  • the NMR data are as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) ⁇ 9.96 (s, 1H), ⁇ 7.86 (d, 1H), ⁇ 7.35 (d, 1H), ⁇ 6.54 (brs, 2H) .
  • the NMR data are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): ⁇ 9.41(s, 1H), ⁇ 9.05(d, 1H), ⁇ 8.48(d, 1H), ⁇ 8.13(d, 1H) ), ⁇ 4.44 (q, 2H), ⁇ 1.40 (t, 3H); 13 C NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): ⁇ 164.2, 152.4, 152.1, 143.5, 140.9, 138.5, 132.5, 127.7, 122.5, 62.3, 14.5.
  • the mass spectrum data is as follows: LC-MS measured value: 237, calculated value: [M+H]237.
  • the NMR data are as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) ⁇ 9.96 (s, 1H), ⁇ 7.86 (d, 1H), ⁇ 7.35 (d, 1H), ⁇ 6.54 (brs, 2H) .
  • the nuclear magnetic data are as follows: 1H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): ⁇ 9.41(s, 1H), ⁇ 9.05(d, 1H), ⁇ 8.48(d, 1H), ⁇ 8.13(d, 1H) , ⁇ 4.44 (q, 2H), ⁇ 1.40 (t, 3H); 13C NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): ⁇ 164.2, 152.4, 152.1, 143.5, 140.9, 138.5, 132.5, 127.7, 122.5, 62.3, 14.5.
  • the mass spectrum data is as follows: LC-MS measured value: 237, calculated value: [M+H]237.
  • the NMR data are as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) ⁇ 9.96 (s, 1H), ⁇ 7.86 (d, 1H), ⁇ 7.35 (d, 1H), ⁇ 6.54 (brs, 2H) .
  • the NMR data are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): ⁇ 9.41(s, 1H), ⁇ 9.05(d, 1H), ⁇ 8.48(d, 1H), ⁇ 8.13(d, 1H) ), ⁇ 4.44 (q, 2H), ⁇ 1.40 (t, 3H); 13 C NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d 6 ): ⁇ 164.2, 152.4, 152.1, 143.5, 140.9, 138.5, 132.5, 127.7, 122.5, 62.3, 14.5.
  • the mass spectrum data is as follows: LC-MS measured value: 237, calculated value: [M+H]237.
  • the synthesis method of 1,7-naphthyridine derivatives of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the disadvantages of severe environmental pollution, expensive raw materials, and longer synthesis steps in the prior art: 1)
  • the route of the present invention is relatively simple, and the raw materials used are They are all commercially available commercial materials, and the raw materials are relatively cheap, without complicated special operations, and are suitable for industrial production; 2)
  • the prepared pharmaceutical intermediates have a high yield and good quality.

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  • Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法,涉及医药中间体和有机化工中间体合成技术领域,包括下述合成步骤:(1)2-氯-3-氨基-吡啶为化合物I,化合物I为起始原料,对氨基进行保护制得化合物II;(2)化合物II在碱性条件下,与醛化试剂反应,得到化合物III;(3)化合物III在路易斯酸作用下,与丙烯酸酯类化合物发生环合反应制备得到化合物IV。所述合成方法适用于工业化生产、成本较低而且操作简单。

Description

一种1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法 技术领域
本发明涉及医药中间体和有机化工中间体合成技术领域,涉及一种1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法。
背景技术
1,7-萘啶是一类重要的医药中间体,应用及其广泛,例如在瑞士诺华制药公司在4型磷酸二酯酶(PDE4) 抑制剂(CN101018791A)、西班牙奥米罗实验室在p38裂原活化蛋白激酶抑制剂(CN101501034A)、二氢乳清酸脱氢酶(DHODH)抑制剂(J. Med. Chem. 2018, 61, 5162)等都用到1,7-萘啶这类衍生物。
8-氯-1,7-萘啶-3-甲酸及其酯类化合物作为1,7-萘啶这类化合物的重要衍生类型,为1,7-萘啶骨架的8位及3位的衍生提供了便利和可能性。最近美国Incyte公司发现了一系列新型免疫调节剂的活性化合物(CN108699001A,US20170174679),对某些癌症和感染性疾病有潜在的治疗、预防和改善作用。在上述专利中,诸多候选药物都将1,7-萘啶环作为主要母核结构,并将该化合物8-氯-1,7-萘啶-3-甲醛作为关键中间体。8-氯-1,7-萘啶-3-甲酸及其酯类化合物可以通过一步还原直接制备化合物8-氯-1,7-萘啶-3-甲醛,是其合成的一种重要中间体。
8-氯-1,7-萘啶-3-甲醛,其合成的难点在于1,7-萘啶环结构的形成,通常有两种合成策略,文献综述如下:
第一种方法,WO201354291、US20170174679和US2018177784等专利报道了以5-溴-3-甲基吡啶-2-羧酸乙酯为原料,通过氨酯交换、亚胺化、环合、氯化、偶联及氧化反应生成目标产物,该路线原料价格昂贵,且其中偶联反应,使用钯催化,成本较高,另外该路线涉及采用锇催化的氧化反应,不仅价格昂贵,且有较大的爆炸风险,不适宜工业化生产。
Figure 819709dest_path_image001
另一种方法,专利US2014213581、US201538497、WO2014138484报道了以2-氰基-3-溴-5-氯吡啶为原料,经偶联、加成、水解、环合、氰基取代、氯化反应制备得到8-氯-3-氰基-1,7-萘啶。该路线同样使用了钯催化的偶联反应,成本较高,且偶联和加成反应涉及加压反应,对设备要求较高,另外,路线中涉及氰化锌等剧毒品的使用,危险性较高,同样不适合工业化生产。
Figure 312002dest_path_image002
目前现有的合成路线均存在不足之处,如步骤较长、需使用价格昂贵的试剂和催化剂、涉及易燃易爆和剧毒品等危险试剂或者生产工艺、环境污染较为严重等问题,不利于大规模工业化生产。
综上所述,为解决现有1,7-萘啶衍生物合成步骤上的不足,本发明设计了一种操作简单、收率较高的1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法。
技术解决方案
本发明提供了一种原料易得,收率较高,品质较好,操作简便,适合工业化生产的1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法。
本发明为一种1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,包括下述合成步骤:
(1)2-氯-3-氨基-吡啶为化合物Ⅰ,化合物Ⅰ为起始原料,对氨基进行保护制得化合物Ⅱ,具体为化合物Ⅰ、保护基试剂和缚酸剂在溶剂中,反应温度为20~150℃,经过后处理得到化合物Ⅱ,化合物Ⅰ、保护基试剂、缚酸剂摩尔比为1.0:1.0~10.0:0~15.0,所述保护基试剂为二碳酸二叔丁酯、二碳酸二异丁酯、二碳酸二正丁酯、二碳酸二苄酯、二碳酸二乙酯,二碳酸二甲酯、二碳酸二正丙酯、二碳酸二异丙酯、氯甲酸叔丁酯、氯甲酸异丁酯、氯甲酸正丁酯、氯甲酸苄酯、氯甲酸甲酯、氯甲酸乙酯、氯甲酸正丙酯、氯甲酸异丙酯中的任意一种或多种,所对应的保护基R1为下列叔丁氧羰基、异丁氧羰基、正丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基、甲氧羰基、乙氧羰基、正丙氧羰基、异丙氧羰基中的任意一种或几种,缚酸剂为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、三乙胺、N-甲基吗啉中的任意一种或多种;
Figure 602169dest_path_image003
(2)化合物Ⅱ在碱性条件下,与醛化试剂反应,得到化合物Ⅲ,其中,化合物Ⅱ、碱、四甲基乙二胺、溶剂在-100~-10℃反应后,滴加入醛化试剂,在-100~-10℃下醛基化反应,再经过后处理得到化合物Ⅲ,化合物Ⅱ、碱、四甲基乙二胺、醛化试剂的摩尔量比为1.0:1.0~5.0:1.0~5.0:1.0~5.0,碱为正丁基锂、叔丁基锂、二异丙基胺基锂、六甲基二硅基胺基锂中的任意一种或多种,溶剂为四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、二氧六环、甲基叔丁基醚中的任意一种或多种,醛基化剂为二甲基甲酰胺、二乙基甲酰胺、N-甲酰基吗啉中的任意一种或多种;
(3)化合物Ⅲ在路易斯酸性作用下,与丙烯酸酯类化合物发生环合反应制备得到化合物Ⅳ,化合物Ⅲ、路易斯酸、丙烯酸酯类化合物溶于溶剂中,在10~120℃发生环合反应制备得到化合物Ⅳ,溶剂为乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丙酯、乙腈、四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、二氧六环、甲基叔丁基醚中的任意一种或几种,路易斯酸为四氟硼酸钠、四氟硼酸锂、四氟硼酸钙、四氟硼酸钾中的任意一种或几种,丙烯酸酯类化合物为N,N-二甲胺基丙烯酸乙酯、N,N-二甲胺基丙烯酸甲酯、N,N-二甲胺基丙烯酸丙酯、N,N-二甲胺基丙烯酸丁酯中的任意一种或几种,化合物Ⅲ、路易斯酸、丙烯酸酯类化合物摩尔量比为1.0:0.5~10:1.0~5.0,优选1.0:1.0~2.0:1.5~3.0,所述化合物Ⅳ中R2为氢,甲基,乙基,丙基,异丙基,丁基,异丁基,叔丁基中的任意一种。
作为本方案的进一步改进,在步骤(1)中,反应温度为60~100℃。
作为本方案的进一步改进,在步骤(1)中,所述保护基试剂为氯甲酸叔丁酯、氯甲酸异丁酯、二碳酸二叔丁酯和二碳酸二异丁酯中的一种或任意几种,优选叔丁氧羰基和异丁氧羰基。
作为本方案的进一步改进,步骤(1)中所述反应溶剂为甲苯、四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、二氧六环、甲基叔丁基醚、正庚烷中的任意一种或多种,优选为甲基四氢呋喃和/或二氧六环。
作为本方案的进一步改进,步骤(1)中所述缚酸剂为碳酸钾、碳酸钠、三乙胺。
作为本方案的进一步改进,步骤(1)中所述的化合物Ⅰ、保护基试剂、缚酸剂比例为1.0:1.0~2.0:0~3.0。
作为本方案的进一步改进,在步骤(2)中,化合物Ⅱ、碱、四甲基乙二胺、溶剂在-20~-40℃反应后,滴加入醛化试剂,在-20~-40℃下醛基化反应,再经过后处理得到化合物Ⅲ。
作为本方案的进一步改进,在步骤(2)中,所述碱为正丁基锂,所述溶剂为四氢呋喃,所述醛化试剂为N-甲酰基吗啉,化合物Ⅱ、碱、四甲基乙二胺、醛化试剂的摩尔量比为1.0:2.0~3.0:1.0~2.0:1.0~2.0。
作为本方案的进一步改进,在步骤(3)中,化合物Ⅲ、路易斯酸、丙烯酸酯类化合物溶于溶剂中,在50~80℃发生环合反应制备得到化合物Ⅳ。
作为本方案的进一步改进,在步骤(3)中,溶剂为乙腈,路易斯酸为四氟硼酸锂,丙烯酸酯类化合物为N,N-二甲胺基丙烯酸乙酯,其中,化合物Ⅲ、路易斯酸、丙烯酸酯类化合物摩尔量比为1.0:1.0~2.0:1.5~3.0,所述化合物Ⅲ中R2为乙基。
有益效果
本发明的1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法对比现有技术优点如下:
1)本发明路线相对比较简单,所用的原料均为市售的商业化物料,且原材料相对较为便宜,无复杂的特殊操作,适合于工业化生产;
制备得的医药中间体收率较高,品质较好。
本发明的最佳实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明:
实施例1:
Figure 13559dest_path_image004
合成反应方程式如下:
步骤1)化合物(II)的制备
在氮气氛围下,反应瓶内依次加入50.0g 2-氯-3-氨基-吡啶(I)(0.39mol,1.0eq),135.8g二碳酸二叔丁酯(0.63mol,1.6eq)和150g 1,4-二氧六环,搅拌溶清。升温至80℃搅拌反应,中控检测,原料反应完全。加入饱和食盐水洗涤两次,有机层减压蒸馏至无馏分,加入正庚烷打浆,过滤,得到淡黄色固体71.1g(收率80%),即为化合物II。核磁数据如下: 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 9.98(s, 1H), δ8.37 (d, 1H), δ7.66 (d, 1H), δ6.98 (s, 1H), δ1.53 (s, 9H)。
步骤2)化合物III的制备
在氮气氛围下,反应瓶中加入50.0g化合物II(0.22mol,1.0eq),38.1g四甲基乙二胺(0.33mol,1.5eq)和200g四氢呋喃。搅拌溶清后降温至-40~-30℃,滴加127.4g正丁基锂正己烷溶液(0.47mol,2.4eq),滴加完毕,保温反应2h。保温完毕,降温至-40℃,加入34.5g N-甲酰吗啉(0.3mol,2.0eq),搅拌30min。反应完毕后,控制温度0~20℃,用3M盐酸调节pH值至5~7,分层,水相中加入200g四氢呋喃萃取1次,合并有机相。减压浓缩至有大量固体析出,加入300g正庚烷套蒸至一定体积,打浆,过滤,得到黄色固体23.9g(收率70%)即为化合物III。核磁数据如下: 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ9.96 (s, 1H), δ7.86 (d, 1H), δ7.35 (d, 1H), δ6.54 (brs, 2H)。
步骤3)化合物IV的制备
在氮气氛围下,反应瓶中加入50.0g化合物III(0.32mol,1.0eq),45.0g四氟硼酸锂(0.48mol,1.5eq),59.4gN,N-二甲胺基丙烯酸乙酯(0.42mol,1.3eq)和300.0g乙腈,升温80℃反应。反应完毕,减压浓缩至干,加入乙酸乙酯溶解,再用水洗涤两次。有机层减压浓缩至一定体积,打浆,过滤,得到黄色固体54.4g(收率72%)即为化合物(IV)。核磁数据如下: 1H NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d 6): δ9.41(s, 1H), δ9.05(d, 1H), δ8.48(d, 1H), δ8.13(d, 1H),δ4.44 (q, 2H),δ1.40 (t, 3H); 13C NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d 6): δ164.2, 152.4, 152.1, 143.5, 140.9, 138.5, 132.5, 127.7, 122.5, 62.3, 14.5。质谱数据如下:LC-MS测试值:237, 计算值:[M+H]237。
实施例2:
合成反应方程式如下:
Figure 185914dest_path_image005
步骤1)化合物II的制备
在反应瓶内依次加入50.0g 2-氯-3-氨基-吡啶(I)(0.39mol,1.0eq),47. 2g三乙胺(0.47mol,1.2eq)和175g甲基四氢呋喃 ,搅拌溶清。控温60℃下滴加80.8g氯甲酸叔丁酯(0.59mol,1.5eq)。加完搅拌反应3h,中控检测。原料反应完全后,减压蒸馏至无馏分,加入正庚烷,再用饱和碳酸氢钠洗涤两次。再减压蒸馏浓缩至一定体积,降温析晶,过滤,得到白色固体75.6g(收率85%)即为化合物II。核磁数据如下: 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ9.98 (s, 1H), δ8.37 (d, 1H), δ7.66 (d, 1H), δ6.98 (s, 1H), δ1.53 (s, 9H)。
步骤2)化合物III的制备
在氮气氛围下,反应瓶中加入50.0g化合物II(0.22mol,1.0eq),38.1g四甲基乙二胺(0.33mol,1.5eq)和300g甲基叔丁基醚。搅拌溶清后降温至-30~-20℃,滴加143.0g正丁基锂正己烷溶液(0.52mol,2.4eq),滴加完毕,保温反应2h。保温完毕,降温至-40℃,加入32.0g N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(0.44mol,2.0eq),搅拌30min。反应完毕后,控制温度0~20℃,用3M盐酸调节pH值至5~7,分层,水相中加入300g甲基叔丁基醚萃取2次。合并有机相,减压浓缩至有大量固体析出,加入300g正庚烷套蒸,套蒸至一定体积,打浆,过滤,得到黄色固体24.9g(收率73%)即为化合物III。核磁数据如下: 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ9.96 (s, 1H), δ7.86 (d, 1H), δ7.35 (d, 1H), δ6.54 (brs, 2H)。
步骤3)化合物IV的制备
在氮气氛围下,反应瓶中加入50.0g化合物III(0.32mol,1.0eq),24.0g四氟硼酸锂(0.26mol,0.8eq),59.6gN,N-二甲胺基丙烯酸乙酯(0.42mol,1.3eq)和300.0g乙腈,80℃下保温反应。反应完毕,减压浓缩至干,加入乙酸乙酯溶解,再用水洗涤两次。有机层减压浓缩至一定体积,打浆,过滤,得到黄色固体49.9g(收率66%)即为化合物(IV)。核磁数据如下:1H NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d 6): δ9.41(s, 1H), δ9.05(d, 1H), δ8.48(d, 1H), δ8.13(d, 1H),δ4.44 (q, 2H),δ1.40 (t, 3H);13C NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d 6): δ164.2, 152.4, 152.1, 143.5, 140.9, 138.5, 132.5, 127.7, 122.5, 62.3, 14.5。质谱数据如下:LC-MS测试值:237, 计算值:[M+H]237。
实施例3:
Figure 75372dest_path_image006
合成反应方程式如下:
步骤1)化合物II的制备
在反应瓶内依次加入50.00g 2-氯-3-氨基-吡啶(I)(0.39mol,1.0eq),61.8g碳酸钠(0.58mol,1.5eq)和200g 1,4-二氧六环,搅拌。在60~70℃下缓慢滴加78.5g氯甲酸叔丁酯(0.58mol,1.5eq),搅拌反应,中控检测。原料反应完全后,过滤除盐,然后减压蒸馏至无馏分,加入正庚烷溶解,再用饱和碳酸氢钠洗涤两次。再减压蒸馏浓缩至一定体积,降温析晶,过滤得到白色固体72.9g(收率82%),即为化合物II。核磁数据如下: 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 9.98(s, 1H), δ8.37 (d, 1H), δ7.66 (d, 1H), δ6.98 (s, 1H), δ1.53 (s, 9H)。
步骤2)化合物III的制备
在氮气氛围下,反应瓶中加入50.0g化合物II(0.22mol,1.0eq),43.2g四甲基乙二胺(0.37mol,1.7eq)和200g 2-甲基四氢呋喃。搅拌溶清后降温至-30~-20℃,滴加270mL二异丙基胺基锂四氢呋喃溶液(0.53mol,2.4eq),滴加完毕,保温反应2h。保温完毕,降温至-40℃,加入50. 3g N-甲酰吗啉(0.33mol,2.0eq),搅拌30min。反应完毕后,控制温度0~20℃,用3M盐酸调节pH值至5~7,分层,水相中加入200g 2-甲基四氢呋喃萃取1次。合并有机相,减压浓缩至有大量固体析出,加入300g正庚烷,套蒸至一定体积,打浆,过滤,得到黄色固体23.3g(收率68%)即为化合物III。核磁数据如下: 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ9.96 (s, 1H), δ7.86 (d, 1H), δ7.35 (d, 1H), δ6.54 (brs, 2H)。
步骤3)化合物IV的制备
在氮气氛围下,反应瓶中加入50.0g化合物III(0.32mol,1.0eq),52.6g四氟硼酸钠(0.48mol,1.5eq),59.4gN,N-二甲胺基丙烯酸乙酯(0.42mol,1.3eq)和300.0g乙腈,滴加完毕,升温80℃反应。反应完毕,减压浓缩至干,加入乙酸乙酯溶解,再用水洗涤两次。有机层减压浓缩至一定体积,打浆,过滤,得到黄色固体51.4g(收率68%)即为化合物IV。核磁数据如下: 1H NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d 6): δ9.41(s, 1H), δ9.05(d, 1H), δ8.48(d, 1H), δ8.13(d, 1H),δ4.44 (q, 2H),δ1.40 (t, 3H); 13C NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d 6): δ164.2, 152.4, 152.1, 143.5, 140.9, 138.5, 132.5, 127.7, 122.5, 62.3, 14.5。质谱数据如下:LC-MS测试值:237, 计算值:[M+H]237。
本发明的1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法对比现有技术的环境污染严重、原料昂贵、合成步骤较长的缺点,具有下述优点:1)本发明路线相对比较简单,所用的原料均为市售的商业化物料,且原材料相对较为便宜,无复杂的特殊操作,适合于工业化生产;2)制备得的医药中间体收率较高,品质佳。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,包括下述合成步骤:
    (1)2-氯-3-氨基-吡啶为化合物Ⅰ,化合物Ⅰ为起始原料,对氨基进行保护制得化合物Ⅱ,具体为化合物Ⅰ、保护基试剂和缚酸剂在溶剂中,反应温度为20~150℃,经过后处理得到化合物Ⅱ,化合物Ⅰ、保护基试剂、缚酸剂摩尔比为1.0:1.0~10.0:0~15.0,所述保护基试剂为二碳酸二叔丁酯、二碳酸二异丁酯、二碳酸二正丁酯、二碳酸二苄酯、二碳酸二乙酯,二碳酸二甲酯、二碳酸二正丙酯、二碳酸二异丙酯、氯甲酸叔丁酯、氯甲酸异丁酯、氯甲酸正丁酯、氯甲酸苄酯、氯甲酸甲酯、氯甲酸乙酯、氯甲酸正丙酯、氯甲酸异丙酯中的任意一种或多种,所对应的保护基R1为下列叔丁氧羰基、异丁氧羰基、正丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基、甲氧羰基、乙氧羰基、正丙氧羰基、异丙氧羰基中的任意一种或几种,缚酸剂为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、三乙胺、N-甲基吗啉中的任意一种或多种;
    Figure 988384dest_path_image001
    (2)化合物Ⅱ在碱性条件下,与醛化试剂反应,得到化合物Ⅲ,其中,化合物Ⅱ、碱、四甲基乙二胺、溶剂在-100~-10℃反应后,滴加入醛化试剂,在-100~-10℃下醛基化反应,再经过后处理得到化合物Ⅲ,化合物Ⅱ、碱、四甲基乙二胺、醛化试剂的摩尔量比为1.0:1.0~5.0:1.0~5.0:1.0~5.0,碱为正丁基锂、叔丁基锂、二异丙基胺基锂、六甲基二硅基胺基锂中的任意一种或多种,溶剂为四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、二氧六环、甲基叔丁基醚中的任意一种或多种,醛基化剂为二甲基甲酰胺、二乙基甲酰胺、N-甲酰基吗啉中的任意一种或多种;
    (3)化合物Ⅲ在路易斯酸性作用下,与丙烯酸酯类化合物发生环合反应制备得到化合物Ⅳ,化合物Ⅲ、路易斯酸、丙烯酸酯类化合物溶于溶剂中,在10~120℃发生环合反应制备得到化合物Ⅳ,溶剂为乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丙酯、乙腈、四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、二氧六环、甲基叔丁基醚中的任意一种或几种,路易斯酸为四氟硼酸钠、四氟硼酸锂、四氟硼酸钙、四氟硼酸钾中的任意一种或几种,丙烯酸酯类化合物为N,N-二甲胺基丙烯酸乙酯、N,N-二甲胺基丙烯酸甲酯、N,N-二甲胺基丙烯酸丙酯、N,N-二甲胺基丙烯酸丁酯中的任意一种或几种,化合物Ⅲ、路易斯酸、丙烯酸酯类化合物摩尔量比为1.0:0.5~10:1.0~5.0,优选1.0:1.0~2.0:1.5~3.0,所述化合物Ⅳ中R2为氢,甲基,乙基,丙基,异丙基,丁基,异丁基,叔丁基中的任意一种。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,在步骤(1)中,反应温度为60~100℃。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,在步骤(1)中,所述保护基试剂为氯甲酸叔丁酯、氯甲酸异丁酯、二碳酸二叔丁酯和二碳酸二异丁酯中的一种或任意几种,优选叔丁氧羰基和异丁氧羰基。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述反应溶剂为甲苯、四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、二氧六环、甲基叔丁基醚、正庚烷中的任意一种或多种,优选为甲基四氢呋喃和/或二氧六环。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述缚酸剂为碳酸钾、碳酸钠、三乙胺。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述的化合物Ⅰ、保护基试剂、缚酸剂比例为1.0:1.0~2.0:0~3.0。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,在步骤(2)中,化合物Ⅱ、碱、四甲基乙二胺、溶剂在-20~-40℃反应后,滴加入醛化试剂,在-20~-40℃下醛基化反应,再经过后处理得到化合物Ⅲ。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,在步骤(2)中,所述碱为正丁基锂,所述溶剂为四氢呋喃,所述醛化试剂为N-甲酰基吗啉,化合物Ⅱ、碱、四甲基乙二胺、醛化试剂的摩尔量比为1.0:2.0~3.0:1.0~2.0:1.0~2.0。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,在步骤(3)中,化合物Ⅲ、路易斯酸、丙烯酸酯类化合物溶于溶剂中,在50~80℃发生环合反应制备得到化合物Ⅳ。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的1,7-萘啶衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,在步骤(3)中,溶剂为乙腈,路易斯酸为四氟硼酸锂,丙烯酸酯类化合物为N,N-二甲胺基丙烯酸乙酯,其中,化合物Ⅲ、路易斯酸、丙烯酸酯类化合物摩尔量比为1.0:1.0~2.0:1.5~3.0,所述化合物Ⅲ中R2为乙基。
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