WO2021112276A1 - Système de pile à combustible et son procédé de commande - Google Patents

Système de pile à combustible et son procédé de commande Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021112276A1
WO2021112276A1 PCT/KR2019/016998 KR2019016998W WO2021112276A1 WO 2021112276 A1 WO2021112276 A1 WO 2021112276A1 KR 2019016998 W KR2019016998 W KR 2019016998W WO 2021112276 A1 WO2021112276 A1 WO 2021112276A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
humidifier
inlet end
humidity
compressor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2019/016998
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
백지숙
오흥렬
Original Assignee
코오롱머티리얼(주)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 코오롱머티리얼(주) filed Critical 코오롱머티리얼(주)
Priority to PCT/KR2019/016998 priority Critical patent/WO2021112276A1/fr
Publication of WO2021112276A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021112276A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel cell system and a method for controlling the same.
  • a fuel cell is a power generation type cell that produces electricity by combining hydrogen and oxygen. Unlike general chemical cells such as dry cells and storage batteries, fuel cells can continuously produce electricity as long as hydrogen and oxygen are supplied, and there is no heat loss, so the efficiency is about twice that of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel cell has the advantage of being environmentally friendly and reducing concerns about resource depletion due to increased energy consumption.
  • PEMFC Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell
  • PAFC Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell
  • Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell
  • MCFC Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
  • AFC Alkaline Fuel Cell
  • PEMFC polymer electrolyte fuel cell
  • PEMFC polymer electrolyte fuel cell
  • MEA membrane-electrode assembly
  • a bubbler humidification method in which water is supplied by passing a target gas through a diffuser after filling a pressure-resistant container with water, 2) the amount of supplied water required for fuel cell reaction
  • a direct injection method in which moisture is calculated and directly supplying moisture to a gas flow pipe through a solenoid valve
  • 3) a humidification membrane method in which moisture is supplied to a fluidized bed of gas using a polymer membrane.
  • the humidification membrane method for humidifying the polymer electrolyte membrane by providing water vapor to the gas supplied to the polymer electrolyte membrane using a membrane that selectively transmits only water vapor contained in the exhaust gas is advantageous in that the humidifier can be reduced in weight and size.
  • the selective permeable membrane used in the humidification membrane method is preferably a hollow fiber membrane having a large permeation area per unit volume when forming a module.
  • a membrane humidifier is manufactured using a hollow fiber membrane, the high integration of the hollow fiber membrane with a large contact surface area is possible, so that the fuel cell can be sufficiently humidified even with a small capacity, and low-cost materials can be used, and the high temperature in the fuel cell There is an advantage in that moisture and heat contained in the discharged unreacted gas can be recovered and reused through a humidifier.
  • the dry air compressed by the compressor receives moisture from the wet air supplied from the fuel cell stack in the humidifier, becomes humidified air, and flows into the fuel cell stack.
  • the water positive ions that have passed through the polymer electrolyte membrane cannot combine with oxygen but with electrons, thereby becoming hydrogen and burning again, thereby damaging the electrodes of the fuel cell.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system capable of preventing anode flooding of a fuel cell by adjusting the humidification amount of a humidifier, and a method for controlling the same.
  • the fuel cell system of the present invention for achieving the above object includes a compressor for sucking air and compressing it, a humidifier for humidifying the air compressed in the compressor, a fuel cell stack receiving the humidified air from the humidifier, and the fuel cell stack a humidity sensor installed at the inlet end of the humidifier, a bypass passage connected from the inlet end of the humidifier to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack, a bypass valve installed at the inlet end of the bypass passage, and the humidity sensor and a control unit for controlling the bypass valve according to the humidity value to be changed.
  • control unit opens the bypass valve when the humidity value measured by the humidity sensor is 50% or more.
  • control unit closes the bypass valve when the humidity value measured by the humidity sensor is less than 50%.
  • the control method of the fuel cell system of the present invention includes a compressor for sucking air and compressing it, a humidifier for humidifying the air compressed by the compressor, a fuel cell stack receiving humidified air from the humidifier, and the inlet of the humidifier.
  • a control method of a fuel cell system including a bypass flow path connected to an inlet end of a fuel cell stack, the method comprising: measuring a humidity at an inlet end of the fuel cell stack; determining whether the measured humidity is 50% or more step, and controlling the air compressed in the compressor to flow to the humidifier or the bypass passage according to whether the measured humidity is 50% or more.
  • the bypass valve when the measured humidity is 50% or more, the bypass valve is opened to allow the compressed air from the compressor to flow into the bypass flow path, and when the measured humidity is less than 50%, the bypass valve is closed. It is preferable to control the air compressed in the compressor to pass through the humidifier.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fuel cell system includes a compressor 10 that sucks and compresses air, a humidifier 30 that humidifies the air compressed in the compressor, and air humidified in the humidifier.
  • the fuel cell stack 80 receiving the supply, the humidity sensor 70 installed at the inlet end of the fuel cell stack, the bypass flow path 50 connected from the inlet end of the humidifier to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack, and the bypass flow path It includes a bypass valve 40 installed at the inlet end, and a control unit 100 for controlling the bypass valve 40 according to a humidity value measured by the humidity sensor 70 .
  • the compressor 10 is for supplying air to the cathode of the fuel cell, and sucks in external air (hereinafter referred to as "dry air"), compresses the dry air, and supplies it to the humidifier 30 .
  • a dry air supply passage 20 is connected between the compressor 10 and the humidifier 30 .
  • the humidifier 30 humidifies the dry air compressed in the compressor 10 and supplies it to the fuel cell stack 80 .
  • the exhaust gas discharged from the cathode of the fuel cell hereinafter referred to as "wet air”
  • the dry air supplied from the compressor 10 exchange gas-to-gas moisture in the humidifier 30 to moisten the dry air with a membrane. This is done
  • the fuel cell stack 80 has a membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) interposed therebetween, and an air electrode including a separator (commonly referred to as a “separator plate” or a bipolar plate) on both sides thereof and a fuel electrode are disposed. made up of aggregates
  • Hot and humid humid air is discharged from the cathode of the fuel cell, and hot and humid hydrogen as unreacted hydrogen is discharged from the anode of the fuel cell.
  • the wet air is supplied from the fuel cell stack 80 through the wet air supply passage 90 connected to the humidifier 30 to exchange moisture with the dry air.
  • the humidified air discharged from the humidifier 30 after water exchange is supplied to the fuel cell stack 80 through the humidified air supply passage 60 .
  • a humidity sensor 70 is installed at the inlet end of the fuel cell stack 80 in the humidified air supply passage 60 .
  • the humidity sensor 70 measures the humidity of the humidified air flowing into the fuel cell stack 80 .
  • the bypass flow path 50 is connected from the inlet end of the humidifier 30 in the dry air supply passage 20 to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack 80 in the humidified air supply passage 60 .
  • Compressed air supplied from the compressor 10 may be supplied directly to the fuel cell stack 80 without being humidified while selectively passing through the humidifier 30 through the bypass flow path 50 . That is, since there is no need to humidify the compressed dry air when the humidity is high, the dry air may bypass the humidifier 30 and be directly supplied to the fuel cell stack 80 .
  • a bypass valve 40 is installed at the inlet end of the bypass flow passage 50 .
  • the bypass valve 40 may be configured as a three-way valve provided in a connection portion of the dry air supply passage 20 to the bypass passage 50 .
  • bypass valve 40 installed at the inlet end of the bypass flow path 50 is closed, all of the dry air flows into the humidifier 30 .
  • bypass valve 40 is opened, all of the dry air is supplied to the fuel cell stack 80 without being humidified through the bypass flow passage 50 .
  • the bypass valve 40 may be configured as an on/off valve, but may also be configured as a valve whose opening rate can be adjusted in stages. In the latter case, the opening degree of the bypass valve 40 may be adjusted according to the humidity of the humidified air flowing into the fuel cell stack 80 .
  • the controller 100 controls the bypass valve 40 according to the humidity value measured by the humidity sensor 70 . That is, the control unit 100 receives the measurement value of the humidity sensor 70 and controls the bypass valve 40 according to the humidity value. When the humidity value is low, the bypass valve 40 is closed, and when the humidity value is high, the bypass valve 40 is opened.
  • control unit 100 opens the bypass valve 40 when the humidity value measured by the humidity sensor 70 is 50% or more. That is, if the humidity value at the inlet end of the fuel cell stack 80 is 50% or more, there is no need to humidify the dry air.
  • the controller 100 closes the bypass valve 40 . That is, when the humidity value at the inlet end of the fuel cell stack 80 is less than 50%, the dry air is humidified while passing through the humidifier 30 , and then supplied to the fuel cell stack 80 .
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a method of controlling the fuel cell system will be described with reference to FIG. 2 .
  • the fuel cell system is as described above with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • the air compressed in the compressor 10 is controlled to flow into the humidifier 30 or the bypass flow path 50 .
  • the bypass valve 40 is opened to control the air compressed in the compressor 10 to flow into the bypass flow path 50 (S40).
  • the bypass valve 40 is closed to control the air compressed in the compressor 10 to pass through the humidifier 30 (S50).
  • the anode flooding of the fuel cell due to excessive humidification can be prevented by controlling the humidification amount of the humidifier in the low flow rate or low power section.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de pile à combustible comportant: un compresseur qui aspire et comprime de l'air; un humidificateur qui humidifie l'air comprimé par le compresseur; un empilement de piles à combustible qui reçoit de l'air humidifié provenant de l'humidificateur; un capteur d'humidité installé à l'extrémité d'entrée de l'empilement de piles à combustible; un trajet d'écoulement de dérivation connecté depuis l'extrémité d'entrée de l'humidificateur jusqu'à l'extrémité d'entrée de l'empilement de piles à combustible; une soupape de dérivation installée à l'extrémité d'entrée du trajet d'écoulement de dérivation; et une unité de commande qui commande la soupape de dérivation en fonction d'une valeur d'humidité mesurée par le capteur d'humidité. Selon la présente invention, il est possible d'empêcher un phénomène d'inondation d'anode de la pile à combustible due à une humidification excessive en régulant la quantité d'humidification de l'humidificateur en un faible débit ou une faible section de puissance.
PCT/KR2019/016998 2019-12-04 2019-12-04 Système de pile à combustible et son procédé de commande WO2021112276A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/KR2019/016998 WO2021112276A1 (fr) 2019-12-04 2019-12-04 Système de pile à combustible et son procédé de commande

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/KR2019/016998 WO2021112276A1 (fr) 2019-12-04 2019-12-04 Système de pile à combustible et son procédé de commande

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WO2021112276A1 true WO2021112276A1 (fr) 2021-06-10

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114050291A (zh) * 2021-11-15 2022-02-15 上海重塑能源科技有限公司 一种用于燃料电池系统的增湿器及其调试和工作方法
DE102022204523A1 (de) 2022-05-09 2023-11-09 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Brennstoffzellensystem und Trocknungsverfahren für ein Brennstoffzellensystem

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20060030212A (ko) * 2004-10-05 2006-04-10 현대자동차주식회사 고분자 전해질 연료전지의 양극 플러딩 회복시스템 및 그방법
KR101459484B1 (ko) * 2013-08-22 2014-11-07 현대자동차 주식회사 연료 전지용 공기 공급장치
KR20140129738A (ko) * 2013-04-30 2014-11-07 현대자동차주식회사 연료전지 시스템의 공기 공급장치 및 에어 블로어 압력 조절방법
KR20150143941A (ko) * 2014-06-13 2015-12-24 현대자동차주식회사 차량의 연료전지시스템 및 그 제어방법
KR20180070374A (ko) * 2016-12-16 2018-06-26 현대자동차주식회사 연료전지 시스템
KR20200055345A (ko) * 2018-11-13 2020-05-21 코오롱머티리얼 주식회사 연료전지 시스템 및 그 제어방법

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20060030212A (ko) * 2004-10-05 2006-04-10 현대자동차주식회사 고분자 전해질 연료전지의 양극 플러딩 회복시스템 및 그방법
KR20140129738A (ko) * 2013-04-30 2014-11-07 현대자동차주식회사 연료전지 시스템의 공기 공급장치 및 에어 블로어 압력 조절방법
KR101459484B1 (ko) * 2013-08-22 2014-11-07 현대자동차 주식회사 연료 전지용 공기 공급장치
KR20150143941A (ko) * 2014-06-13 2015-12-24 현대자동차주식회사 차량의 연료전지시스템 및 그 제어방법
KR20180070374A (ko) * 2016-12-16 2018-06-26 현대자동차주식회사 연료전지 시스템
KR20200055345A (ko) * 2018-11-13 2020-05-21 코오롱머티리얼 주식회사 연료전지 시스템 및 그 제어방법

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114050291A (zh) * 2021-11-15 2022-02-15 上海重塑能源科技有限公司 一种用于燃料电池系统的增湿器及其调试和工作方法
DE102022204523A1 (de) 2022-05-09 2023-11-09 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Brennstoffzellensystem und Trocknungsverfahren für ein Brennstoffzellensystem

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