WO2019098642A2 - Humidificateur à membrane de pile à combustible - Google Patents

Humidificateur à membrane de pile à combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019098642A2
WO2019098642A2 PCT/KR2018/013799 KR2018013799W WO2019098642A2 WO 2019098642 A2 WO2019098642 A2 WO 2019098642A2 KR 2018013799 W KR2018013799 W KR 2018013799W WO 2019098642 A2 WO2019098642 A2 WO 2019098642A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
fuel cell
membrane humidifier
housing
cell membrane
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2018/013799
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Other versions
WO2019098642A3 (fr
Inventor
백지숙
오흥렬
Original Assignee
코오롱패션머티리얼 (주)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 코오롱패션머티리얼 (주) filed Critical 코오롱패션머티리얼 (주)
Publication of WO2019098642A2 publication Critical patent/WO2019098642A2/fr
Publication of WO2019098642A3 publication Critical patent/WO2019098642A3/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04126—Humidifying
    • H01M8/04149—Humidifying by diffusion, e.g. making use of membranes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F2003/1435—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification comprising semi-permeable membrane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel cell membrane humidifier, and more particularly, to a fuel cell membrane humidifier capable of adjusting a humidification amount by regulating a flow path of air supplied to a fuel cell membrane humidifier according to an output load of the fuel cell.
  • Fuel cells are power generation cells that produce electricity by combining hydrogen and oxygen. Unlike conventional chemical batteries, such as batteries and accumulators, fuel cells can produce electricity continuously as long as hydrogen and oxygen are supplied, and they are twice as efficient as internal combustion engines because they have no heat loss.
  • the fuel cell has an advantage that it is not only environmentally friendly but also can reduce the concern about resource exhaustion due to an increase in energy consumption.
  • Such a fuel cell can be classified into a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), a phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), a solid oxide fuel cell SOFC), and an alkaline fuel cell (AFC).
  • PEMFC polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell
  • PAFC phosphoric acid fuel cell
  • MCFC molten carbonate fuel cell
  • SOFC solid oxide fuel cell SOFC
  • AFC alkaline fuel cell
  • Each of these fuel cells operates basically on the same principle, but the type of fuel used, the operating temperature, the catalyst, and the electrolyte are different from each other.
  • polymer electrolyte fuel cells are known to be most promising not only in small size stationary power generation equipment but also in transportation system because they operate at a lower temperature than other fuel cells and can be miniaturized because of their high output density.
  • One of the most important factors in improving the performance of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell is to supply a predetermined amount or more of water to a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) Thereby maintaining the water content.
  • PEM polymer electrolyte membrane
  • MEA membrane electrode assembly
  • the method of humidifying the polymer electrolyte membrane is as follows: 1) a bubbler humidification method in which a pressure vessel is filled with water, a subject gas is passed through a diffuser to supply water, and 2) A direct injection method in which water is directly supplied to the gas flow pipe through calculation using a solenoid valve, and 3) a humidifying membrane method in which water is supplied to a fluidized bed of gas using a polymer separator.
  • the humidifying membrane type which humidifies the polymer electrolyte membrane by providing water vapor to the gas supplied to the polymer electrolyte membrane using a membrane selectively permeable to only the water vapor contained in the exhaust gas is advantageous in that the humidifier can be made lighter and smaller.
  • the selective permeable membrane used in the humidifying membrane method is preferably a hollow fiber membrane having a large permeation area per unit volume when a module is formed. That is, when the humidifier is manufactured using the hollow fiber membrane, the hollow fiber membrane having a large contact surface area can be highly integrated, so that the humidification of the fuel cell can be sufficiently performed even at a small capacity, and low cost materials can be used. Moisture and heat contained in the unreacted gas can be recovered and reused through the humidifier.
  • the performance and durability of the fuel cell depend on the humidification state of the air supplied to the fuel cell stack. That is, when moisture is insufficient in the supplied air, dry phenomenon occurs, and when moisture is too much in the supplied air, flooding phenomenon occurs, and the performance and durability of the stack are greatly influenced.
  • a housing part in which hollow fiber membranes in which a first fluid flows inside and a second fluid flows to the outside to perform water exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid; And a flow regulator for regulating a flow direction of the first fluid flowing into the housing part according to an output state of the fuel cell stack.
  • the housing portion may include a housing cap having a first fluid inlet through which the first fluid flows and a first fluid outlet through which the first fluid flows out, A second fluid inlet through which the two fluids flow, and a second fluid outlet through which the second fluid flows out.
  • the housing cap and the housing body may be integrally formed.
  • the flow regulating portion may be formed in the first fluid inlet.
  • the flow adjusting unit may include an adjusting plate rotatably installed in the housing cap formed with the first fluid inlet, and a supporting bar supporting the rotation of the adjusting plate have.
  • the fuel cell membrane humidifier may include a sensing unit for sensing an output state of the fuel cell stack, a control unit for controlling a flow direction of the first fluid according to an output state sensed by the sensing unit, And a control unit for outputting a signal.
  • the hollow fiber membranes may be received in the form of a cartridge inside the housing part.
  • the flow rate of the supply air flowing into the fuel cell membrane humidifier can be adjusted according to the output load of the fuel cell to control the amount of humidification.
  • the humidification amount of the air flowing into the fuel cell stack can be appropriately adjusted, it is possible to prevent a dry phenomenon or a flooding phenomenon due to humidification over-humidification or excess humidification, so that the performance and durability of the fuel cell stack can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a fuel cell membrane humidifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an application example of the fuel cell membrane humidifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a fuel cell membrane humidifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 are diagrams showing an operation state of the fuel cell membrane humidifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a fuel cell membrane humidifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating an application example of a fuel cell membrane humidifier according to an embodiment of the present invention. Sectional view of a fuel cell membrane humidifier according to one embodiment.
  • the fuel cell membrane humidifier includes a housing unit 100, a hollow fiber membrane module 200, and a flow control unit 300.
  • the housing part 100 forms the outer shape of the membrane humidifier.
  • the housing part 100 may include a housing body 110 and a housing cap 120, and may be integrally formed with the housing body 110 and the housing cap 120.
  • the housing body 110 and the housing caps 120 may be made of hard plastic such as polycarbonate or metal.
  • the housing body 110 and the housing caps 120 may have a polygonal cross-sectional shape in the width direction, or may be circular.
  • the polygon may be a square, a square, a trapezoid, a parallelogram, a pentagon, a hexagon, or the like, and the polygon may be rounded.
  • the circular shape may be an elliptical shape.
  • a second fluid inlet 131 through which a second fluid is supplied and a second fluid outlet 132 through which a second fluid is discharged are formed.
  • the housing cap 120 is coupled to both ends of the housing body 110.
  • Each housing cap 120 has a first fluid inlet 121 and a first fluid outlet 122 formed therein.
  • the first fluid introduced into the first fluid inlet 121 of the one housing cap 120 flows into the hollow fiber membrane module 200 and passes through the inner pipe of the hollow fiber membrane module 200 and flows out of the hollow fiber membrane module 200 , And then escapes to the first fluid outlet 122 of the other housing cap 120.
  • the first fluid may be a low-humidity fluid and the second fluid may be a high-humidity fluid.
  • the second fluid may be a low-humidity fluid, and the first fluid may be a high-humidity fluid.
  • a hollow fiber membrane bundle containing a plurality of hollow fiber membranes for selectively passing moisture may be disposed in the hollow fiber membrane module 200 or a plurality of cartridges C (see FIG. 2) in which a plurality of hollow fiber membranes are accommodated may be disposed.
  • the hollow fiber membrane 210 may be a hollow fiber membrane made of, for example, a Nafion material, a polyetherimide material, or a polyphenylsulfone material.
  • the hollow fiber membrane 210 generally functions to exchange moisture between the first fluid and the second fluid although there is a difference in degree of water exchange.
  • a potting part 140 is formed to bind the hollow fiber membranes 210 and fill the voids between the hollow fiber membranes.
  • the hollow fiber membrane module 200 has both ends thereof blocked by the potting portion, and a flow path through which the second fluid passes is formed therein.
  • the material of the potting part is well known in the art and will not be described in detail here.
  • the flow regulating part 300 regulates the flow direction of the first fluid flowing into the housing part 100 according to the output state of the fuel cell stack.
  • the flow control unit 300 adjusts the flow direction of the first fluid flowing into the housing unit 100 to adjust the amount of the first fluid to be humidified by the second fluid.
  • the flow regulating part 300 may be formed in the first fluid inlet 121 through which the first fluid flows. More specifically, the flow regulating portion 300 may be formed in the housing cap 120 having the first fluid inlet 121 formed therein.
  • the flow control unit 300 includes an adjustment plate 310 rotatably installed in the housing cap 120 having the first fluid inlet 121 formed therein and a support bar supporting the rotation of the adjustment plate 310. [ (Not shown).
  • the adjustment plate 310 may rotate about the support bar 320 to adjust the degree of opening of the first fluid inlet 121.
  • a sensing unit (not shown) for sensing an output state of the fuel cell stack for driving the flow control unit 300, and a control unit for outputting a control signal for controlling the flow direction of the first fluid according to an output state sensed by the sensing unit (Not shown).
  • an output state of the fuel cell stack is sensed by a sensing unit.
  • the sensing unit senses that there is no output of the fuel cell stack, and the control unit determines that the control plate 310 is in the first Thereby controlling the fluid inlet 121 to close.
  • the control unit rotates the regulating plate 310 to rotate the first fluid inlet 121 are opened.
  • the control unit rotates the regulating plate 310 to open all of the first fluid inlets 121 as shown in FIG. 6 do.
  • the fuel cell membrane humidifier of this embodiment can prevent excessive humidification and flooding due to condensed water in the membrane humidifier while adjusting the flow direction of the first fluid according to the output state of the fuel cell stack, Can be improved. Further, the flow direction of the first fluid can be adjusted according to the output state of the fuel cell stack, so that the fluid supply can be controlled to the optimum humidity required by the fuel cell stack.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Air Humidification (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un humidificateur à membrane de pile à combustible qui peut commander la quantité d'humidification par commande du trajet d'écoulement d'air introduit dans l'humidificateur à membrane de pile à combustible en fonction d'une charge de sortie d'une pile à combustible. Un humidificateur à membrane de pile à combustible selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention comporte: une unité de logement pour recevoir des membranes à fibres creuses dans lesquelles un premier fluide et un second fluide échangent de l'humidité tandis que le premier fluide circule à l'intérieur de celui-ci et le second fluide circule à l'extérieur de celui-ci; et une unité de commande de trajet d'écoulement pour commander la direction d'écoulement du premier fluide introduit dans l'unité de boîtier en fonction d'un état de sortie d'un empilement de piles à combustible.
PCT/KR2018/013799 2017-11-15 2018-11-13 Humidificateur à membrane de pile à combustible WO2019098642A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020170152490A KR102446774B1 (ko) 2017-11-15 2017-11-15 연료전지 막가습기
KR10-2017-0152490 2017-11-15

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WO2019098642A2 true WO2019098642A2 (fr) 2019-05-23
WO2019098642A3 WO2019098642A3 (fr) 2019-07-11

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WO (1) WO2019098642A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110462905A (zh) * 2017-03-27 2019-11-15 现代自动车株式会社 燃料电池加湿器

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KR102506033B1 (ko) 2022-11-28 2023-03-07 주식회사 디에스필터 바이패스 기능을 구비하는 연료전지용 막가습기
KR102622265B1 (ko) 2023-10-20 2024-01-09 주식회사 디에스필터 막가습기용 카트리지

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KR101278398B1 (ko) 2007-08-01 2013-06-24 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 중공사막 및 그 제조방법
KR101398779B1 (ko) 2007-12-03 2014-05-28 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 내한성이 향상된 연료전지용 가습기
KR20090128005A (ko) 2008-06-10 2009-12-15 주식회사 코오롱 연료전지용 가습 시스템 및 이를 이용한 연료전지 시스템
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KR101251256B1 (ko) * 2011-03-09 2013-04-10 기아자동차주식회사 연료전지용 막 가습기
KR101393558B1 (ko) * 2012-09-20 2014-05-09 기아자동차 주식회사 연료 전지용 가습장치
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KR101996477B1 (ko) * 2014-12-23 2019-07-04 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 중공사막 카트리지형 가습 모듈 및 그 제조방법

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110462905A (zh) * 2017-03-27 2019-11-15 现代自动车株式会社 燃料电池加湿器
CN110462905B (zh) * 2017-03-27 2023-02-17 现代自动车株式会社 燃料电池加湿器

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Publication number Publication date
WO2019098642A3 (fr) 2019-07-11
KR20190055602A (ko) 2019-05-23
KR102446774B1 (ko) 2022-09-22

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