WO2021110152A1 - 具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置 - Google Patents

具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021110152A1
WO2021110152A1 PCT/CN2020/134042 CN2020134042W WO2021110152A1 WO 2021110152 A1 WO2021110152 A1 WO 2021110152A1 CN 2020134042 W CN2020134042 W CN 2020134042W WO 2021110152 A1 WO2021110152 A1 WO 2021110152A1
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Prior art keywords
plate
friction
friction plate
spiral raceway
spline
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PCT/CN2020/134042
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
薛荣生
张引航
陈俊杰
王靖
陈同浩
谭志康
邓天仪
邓云帆
梁品权
颜昌权
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西南大学
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Publication of WO2021110152A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021110152A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of clutch mechanisms, in particular to a self-adaptive multi-piece sorting high-torque friction clutch device with a one-way transmission function.
  • the friction clutch uses the mechanical friction force between the friction surfaces to transmit the torque from the driving shaft to the driven shaft, and can engage or disengage the main machine and the driven shaft according to work requirements.
  • the existing friction clutch does not have the function of one-way transmission of power, and therefore cannot be directly applied to some special application scenarios, such as the transmission of a pure electric vehicle.
  • the existing friction clutches are mainly disc friction clutches including active friction discs and driven friction discs, which have poor wear resistance. After long-term use, the sensitivity, stability and reliability will be greatly reduced. The defect of short life cannot be used as a high-torque power transmission device. As a result, a multi-plate friction clutch is produced, the core component of which is composed of multiple friction plates, and the wear is evenly distributed by many friction plates, which can solve the problem of wear resistance to a certain extent and prolong the service life of the friction clutch.
  • the friction linings When the multi-disc friction clutch transitions from the combined state to the disengaged state, the friction linings will be adaptively distributed under the action of the oil film and the pressure of the inner cavity, that is, the outermost friction lining will be separated first, and then the inner one will be separated. In the same way, it separates one by one from the outside to the inside, and because the friction lining is in a wet room environment full of oil, the process of self-adaptive distribution of the friction lining takes a long time. In order to ensure the response time and response speed of the multi-disc friction clutch, the Limiting the number of friction plates has caused the existing multi-plate friction clutches to be unable to withstand large torques.
  • the present invention provides a self-adaptive multi-disc sequencing high-torque friction clutch device with a one-way transmission function.
  • a self-adaptive multi-plate sorting high-torque friction clutch device with one-way transmission function comprising a power input mechanism for inputting power and a main shaft for outputting power, characterized in that: an inner plate spiral is sleeved on the main shaft
  • the raceway sleeve, the friction clutch and the elastic element group the friction clutch includes a friction plate support arranged on the inner plate spiral raceway sleeve and a plurality of outer plates alternately arranged between the friction plate support member and the inner spiral raceway sleeve Friction plate and inner friction plate, each outer friction plate can slide axially along the friction plate support, and each inner friction plate can slide axially along the inner plate spiral raceway sleeve;
  • the power input mechanism can transmit power to the friction plate support through the first overrunning clutch, and the elastic element group can apply a pretension force to the inner plate spiral raceway sleeve to compress the outer and inner friction plates,
  • a spiral transmission pair is formed between the inner spiral raceway sleeve and the main shaft, so that the inner spiral raceway sleeve can slide axially along the main shaft, thereby compressing the elastic element group to release the outer and inner friction plates.
  • the one-way transmission of power can be realized through the arrangement of the first overrunning clutch, and then the friction structure in the friction clutch is arranged as a number of alternately arranged outer friction plates and inner friction plates, so that the bearing torque can be dispersed in each outer On the friction plate and the inner friction plate, the wear is shared by the outer and inner friction plates, which greatly reduces the sliding friction loss and overcomes the defects of the traditional disc friction clutch, thereby greatly improving the wear resistance, stability and reliability of the friction clutch It can be used as a high-torque power transmission device with extended service life.
  • the inner plate spiral raceway sleeve includes a friction plate compression plate in a disc-shaped structure and an output spiral raceway cylinder in a cylindrical structure.
  • the output spiral raceway cylinder is sleeved on the main shaft and is combined with A spiral transmission pair is formed between the main shafts, and the friction plate pressing disc is fixedly sleeved at one end of the output spiral raceway cylinder;
  • the friction lining support includes a friction lining support disk in a disc-shaped structure and an outer spline sleeve in a cylindrical structure.
  • the power input mechanism can transmit power to the friction lining support disk.
  • the friction lining support disk Parallel to the friction plate pressing plate, the outer plate spline sleeve is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the output spiral raceway cylinder, one end of which is spline-fitted with the outer edge of the friction plate support plate, and the other end is rotatably supported on the friction plate On the outer edge of the compression plate;
  • each outer friction plate is spline-fitted with the inner wall of the outer spline sleeve, and the inner edge of each inner friction plate is spline-fitted with the outer wall of the output spiral raceway barrel, on the outer wall of the output spiral raceway barrel.
  • the set has a number of inner plate starting retaining rings, and each inner plate starting retaining ring is located on the side of each inner friction plate close to the friction plate support plate;
  • each inner plate activation ring can drive the adjacent inner friction plate to move axially away from the friction plate support plate, so that each outer friction plate Separate from the inner friction plate; when the output spiral raceway cylinder moves axially in the direction close to the friction plate support plate, the friction plate pressing plate can compress the outer and inner friction plates.
  • each inner friction plate can be actively driven to separate from the adjacent outer friction plate.
  • the response speed shortens the corresponding time, which can greatly increase the number of friction linings, or even increase the number of friction linings indefinitely, so that the friction clutch can be applied to high-torque scenes, and can ensure the complete separation of the inner and outer friction linings. No adhesion will occur.
  • the wear conditions of the inner and outer friction plates are basically the same, which greatly reduces the sliding friction loss, overcomes the defects of the traditional multi-plate friction clutch, and prolongs the service life of the friction clutch. The wear resistance, stability and reliability of the entire friction clutch device are greatly improved.
  • each inner disc spring and each inner disc starter ring cooperate with each other to exert a bidirectional force on the inner friction disc, which promotes the active separation of the inner friction disc and the outer friction discs on both sides, ensuring that the inner friction discs and the respective inner friction discs are actively separated from each other. Complete separation of the outer friction plate.
  • the inner edge of the friction plate support plate has a power input sleeve extending away from the friction plate pressing plate, and a power input spline is provided on the outer wall of the power input sleeve;
  • the first overrunning clutch includes a first outer ring, a first inner wheel, and a number of first rolling bodies arranged between the first outer ring and the first inner wheel.
  • the power input mechanism can transmit power to the first outer ring. Ring, the inner wall of the first inner wheel is provided with inner wheel inner splines that cooperate with the power input spline splines.
  • the one-way transmission function can be realized efficiently, stably and reliably.
  • the first rolling body includes thick rollers and thin rollers alternately arranged around the first inner wheel in the circumferential direction, and two opposite rolling body cages are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the first inner wheel.
  • a ring of thin roller sliding grooves is provided on the inner wall of each rolling element cage, and both ends of each thin roller can be slidably inserted into the corresponding thin roller sliding grooves.
  • the distance between the adjacent inner plate activation rings is equal, and the distance between the adjacent inner plate activation rings is greater than the distance between the adjacent inner friction plates, when the friction plate pressing plate compresses the outer friction plates and the inner friction plates.
  • the distance between each of the inner plate activation retaining ring and the adjacent inner friction plate is gradually reduced toward the direction of the friction plate pressing plate in an arithmetic sequence.
  • the outer wall of the output spiral raceway barrel is provided with an inner plate outer spline, and a plurality of inner ring mounting ring grooves corresponding to the corresponding inner plate starter ring are provided on the inner plate outer spline.
  • the starter retaining rings are respectively embedded in the corresponding inner retaining ring installation ring grooves.
  • the inner wall of the outer sheet spline sleeve is provided with outer sheet inner splines, and the outer edge of each outer friction sheet is provided with outer sheet outer splines that cooperate with the outer sheet inner spline splines.
  • a power output spline is arranged on the outer edge of the sheet support disk, and one end of the outer sheet spline sleeve close to the friction sheet support disk is matched with the power output spline spline through the inner spline of the outer sheet.
  • the spiral transmission pair includes an inner spiral raceway distributed on the inner wall of the inner spiral raceway sleeve in the circumferential direction and an outer spiral raceway distributed on the outer wall of the main shaft in the circumferential direction, and each outer spiral raceway is evenly distributed.
  • a number of balls protruding outward are embedded, and each ball can roll in the corresponding inner spiral raceway and the outer spiral raceway.
  • a plurality of concentric annular races are distributed on the side surface of the friction plate pressing plate close to the elastic element group, and an end bearing is arranged between the elastic element group and the friction plate pressing plate, and the end bearing It includes a bearing support disk and a plurality of bearing balls supported between the bearing support disk and the friction plate pressing disk, and each bearing ball can roll along the corresponding annular raceway.
  • the friction plate pressing plate is used as a support plate of the end bearing, which not only saves the manufacturing cost, but also saves the assembly space.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the self-adaptive multi-disc sequence high-torque friction clutch device with one-way transmission function adopting the above technical solution has novel structure and ingenious design.
  • the friction clutch in the The friction structure is set with a number of alternately arranged outer and inner friction plates, so that the bearing torque is dispersed on the outer and inner friction plates.
  • the wear conditions of the inner and outer friction plates are basically the same, which greatly reduces The sliding friction loss is overcome, and the defect of poor wear resistance of the traditional disc friction clutch is overcome, thereby greatly improving the stability and reliability of the entire device and extending the service life.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spindle
  • FIG. 3 Schematic diagram of cooperation between output spiral raceway cylinder and friction clutch
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer plate connector
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the output spiral raceway barrel
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view at A-A in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the external friction plate
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner friction plate.
  • an adaptive multi-disc sequencing high-torque friction clutch device with one-way transmission function mainly includes a power input mechanism, a main shaft 1, a first overrunning clutch 4, an inner spiral raceway sleeve 5, and friction The clutch 2 and the elastic element group 3, wherein the power input mechanism is used to input power, and the main shaft 1 is used to output power.
  • the inner spiral raceway sleeve 5 includes an integrally formed output spiral raceway barrel 5a and a friction plate pressing plate 5b, wherein the output spiral raceway barrel 5a is a cylindrical structure, friction The sheet pressing disc 5b has a disc-shaped structure, and the friction sheet pressing disc 5b is vertically fixed to the outside of one end of the output spiral raceway cylinder 5a.
  • the output spiral raceway barrel 5a is sleeved on the main shaft 1, and forms a spiral transmission pair with the main shaft 1, so that the inner spiral raceway sleeve 5 can run along the main shaft 1 axially slides, thereby compressing the elastic element group 3 to release the outer friction plates 2c and the inner friction plates 2d.
  • the spiral transmission pair includes an inner spiral raceway 5a3 distributed on the inner wall of the output spiral raceway barrel 5a in the circumferential direction and an outer spiral raceway 1a distributed on the outer wall of the main shaft 1 in the circumferential direction.
  • a number of balls 27 protruding outward are embedded in the spiral raceway 1a, and each ball 27 can respectively roll in the corresponding inner spiral raceway 5a3 and the outer spiral raceway 1a.
  • the inner spiral raceway sleeve 5 rotates relative to the main shaft 1, it can move axially relative to the main shaft 1, so that the friction clutch 2 can be compressed or released, and the friction clutch 2 can be in a coupled or separated state.
  • the friction plate pressing plate 5b extends radially outward from one end of the output spiral raceway cylinder 5a far away from the friction plate support.
  • a number of concentric annular raceways 5b1 are distributed on the side surface of the friction plate pressing plate 5b close to the elastic element group 3, and an end bearing 21 is arranged between the elastic element group 3 and the friction plate pressing plate 5b,
  • the end bearing 21 includes a bearing support disc 21b and a plurality of bearing balls 21a supported between the bearing support disc 21b and the friction plate pressing disc 5b, and each bearing ball 21a can respectively roll along the corresponding annular raceway 5b1.
  • the friction clutch 2 includes a friction plate support and a plurality of outer friction plates 2c and inner friction plates 2d alternately arranged between the friction plate support and the inner plate spiral raceway sleeve 5.
  • the friction plate support includes a friction plate support disc 2a having a disc-shaped structure and an outer spline sleeve 2b having a cylindrical structure.
  • the power input mechanism can transmit power to the friction plate support disc 2a.
  • the disc support disc 2a is parallel to the friction disc pressing disc 5b, and the outer disc spline sleeve 2b is sleeved coaxially on the outside of the output spiral raceway barrel 5a, one end of which is spline-fitted with the outer edge of the friction disc support disc 2a, and the other One end is rotatably supported on the outer edge of the friction plate pressing plate 5b.
  • Each outer friction plate 2c can axially slide along the inner wall of the outer plate spline sleeve 2b, and each inner friction plate 2d can axially slide along the outer wall of the output spiral raceway barrel 5a.
  • the friction clutch 2 in the present example has been used for a long time, and the wear conditions of the inner friction plates 2d and the outer friction plates 2c are basically the same, which reduces the friction loss and improves the wear resistance of the friction clutch 2. , Stability and reliability, extend the service life of friction clutch 2.
  • each inner friction plate 2d is provided with inner plate splines 2d1, on the outer wall of the output spiral raceway barrel 5a
  • An inner sheet outer spline 5a1 adapted to each inner sheet inner spline 2d1 is provided, that is, the output spiral raceway cylinder 5a and each inner friction sheet 2d are realized by the inner sheet inner spline 2d1 and the inner sheet outer spline 5a1
  • the spline fit enables each inner friction plate 2d to rotate synchronously with the output spiral raceway barrel 5a, and can also move axially along the output spiral raceway barrel 5a to achieve separation.
  • each outer friction plate 2c is provided with outer sheet outer splines 2c1, and the inner wall of the outer sheet spline sleeve 2b is provided with outer splines 2c1.
  • Outer sheet spline 2c1 is compatible with outer sheet inner spline 2b1. That is, the outer spline sleeve 2b and each outer friction plate 2c realize spline fit through the outer spline 2c1 and the outer inner spline 2b1, so that each outer friction plate 2c can rotate synchronously with the outer spline sleeve 2b. It can also move axially along the outer spline sleeve 2b to achieve separation.
  • the inner edge of the friction plate support disk 2a has a power input sleeve 2a1 extending away from the friction plate pressing disk 5b.
  • the power input sleeve 2a1 and the output spiral raceway barrel 5a are coaxially arranged, that is, the center axes of the power input sleeve 2a1, the output spiral raceway barrel 5a and the main shaft 1 coincide.
  • the automatic force input sleeve 2a1 of the friction plate support disc 2a extends radially outwards at one end close to the friction plate pressing plate 5b, and is directly opposite to the friction plate pressing plate 5b, so that the outer friction plates 2c and the inner friction plate
  • the plates 2d are alternately arranged on the friction plate support plate 2a and the friction plate pressing plate 5b.
  • a power output spline 2a3 is provided on the outer edge of the friction plate support plate 2a, which is spline-fitted with the inner spline 2b1 of the outer plate.
  • Each outer friction plate 2c and the friction plate support disk 2a can share the outer inner spline 2b1 on the inner wall of the outer spline sleeve 2b, which reduces the design and processing difficulty and production cost.
  • the end of the outer spline sleeve 2b away from the friction plate support is supported on the outer edge of the friction plate pressing plate 5b, and can rotate freely relative to the friction plate pressing plate 5b to keep the structure stable and reliable. .
  • the power input mechanism can transmit power to the friction plate support through the first overrunning clutch 4.
  • the power input mechanism includes a synchronously rotating motor input flange 8 and an input shaft
  • the first overrunning clutch 4 includes a first outer ring 4c, a first inner ring 4a, and a plurality of first rolling bodies 4b arranged between the first outer ring 4c and the first inner ring 4a.
  • the first outer ring 4c is fixedly installed between the input shaft transmission sleeve 9 and the input gear support flange 10.
  • the first outer ring 4c, the input shaft transmission sleeve 9 and the input gear support flange 10 The space is fixed by several bolts.
  • the first inner wheel 4a is spline-fitted with the friction plate support.
  • the inner wall of the first inner wheel 4a has an inner-wheel inner spline that is spline-fitted with the power input spline 2a2.
  • the first rolling body 4b includes thick rollers and thin rollers alternately arranged around the first inner wheel 4a in the circumferential direction, and the outer circumference of the first inner wheel 4a is provided with Two opposing rolling element cages 4d are provided with a ring of thin roller slide grooves on the inner wall of each rolling element cage 4d, and both ends of each thin roller can be slidably inserted into the corresponding thin roller slide Slot.
  • each thin roller can follow, which improves the stability and reliability of the first overrunning clutch 4 and increases the service life.
  • the elastic element group 3 can apply a pre-tensioning force to the inner spiral raceway sleeve 5 to compress the outer friction plates 2c and the inner friction plates 2d to keep the friction clutch 2 in a combined state.
  • the elastic element group 3 preferably adopts a disc spring, which is stable, reliable, and low in cost, and can continuously apply an axial thrust to the end bearing 21.
  • each inner plate starter ring 2e is located near the adjacent inner friction plate 2d
  • the friction plate supports one side of the disk 2a.
  • each inner disc spring 2g is sleeved on the outer wall of the output spiral raceway cylinder 5a, and each inner disc spring 2g is respectively located on the side of each inner friction plate 2d close to the friction plate pressing disc 5b, and each inner disc spring 2g The two ends of the leaf disc spring 2g are respectively elastically supported on the corresponding inner friction plate 2d and the inner plate activation retaining ring 2e.
  • each inner disc spring 2g and each inner disc activation ring 2e cooperate with each other to exert a bidirectional force on the inner friction plate 2d to promote the active separation of the inner friction plate 2d and the outer friction plates 2c on both sides, ensuring Each inner friction plate 2d is completely separated from each outer friction plate 2c.
  • the distance between the adjacent inner plate activation retaining rings 2e is equal, and the distance between the adjacent inner plate activation retaining rings 2e is greater than the distance between the adjacent inner friction plates 2d, specifically, the adjacent inner plate activation retaining rings 2e
  • the spacing is only slightly larger than the spacing between adjacent inner friction plates 2d.
  • the outer wall of the output spiral raceway cylinder 5a is provided with an inner plate outer spline 5a1, and a plurality of inner ring mounting ring grooves 5a2 are provided on the inner plate outer spline 5a1, which are compatible with the corresponding inner plate activation ring 2e,
  • Each inner plate activation retaining ring 2e is respectively embedded in the corresponding inner retaining ring mounting ring groove 5a2.
  • a number of outer limit stop rings 2f are provided on the inner wall of the outer spline sleeve 2b, and each outer limit stop ring 2f is located at the outer friction plate 2c close to the friction plate pressing disc 5b.
  • the distances between adjacent outer plate limiting retaining rings 2f are equal, and the distance between adjacent outer plate limiting retaining rings 2f is greater than the distance between adjacent inner plate starting retaining rings 2e.
  • the outer friction plate 2c is restricted to avoid adhesion between the outer friction plate 2c and the previous-stage inner friction plate 2d, and the inner friction plate 2d and the outer friction plate 2c are separated more completely.
  • the distance between each adjacent outer plate stopper ring 2f is equal, so that each inner friction plate 2d and the corresponding outer friction plate 2c can be dispersed more orderly and uniformly, and the response time is shortened.
  • each outer disc spring 2h are sleeved on the inner wall of the outer spline sleeve 2b, and each outer disc spring 2h is respectively located on the side of each outer friction plate 2c close to the friction disc support disc 2a, and each outer disc spring The two ends of the spring 2h are respectively elastically supported on the corresponding outer plate retaining ring 2f and the outer friction plate 2c.
  • each outer disc spring 2h and each outer limit stop ring 2f cooperate with each other, exert a bidirectional force on the outer friction plate 2c, and promote the active separation of the outer friction plate 2c and the inner friction plates 2d on both sides, ensuring Each inner friction plate 2d is completely separated from each outer friction plate 2c.
  • the inner wall of the outer sheet spline sleeve 2b is provided with outer sheet inner splines 2b1, and the outer edge of each outer friction sheet 2c is provided with outer sheet outer splines 2c1 that are matched with the outer sheet inner splines 2b1.
  • a power output spline 2a3 is provided on the outer edge of the friction plate support disc 2a, and the end of the outer plate spline sleeve 2b close to the friction plate support plate 2a is splined with the power output spline 2a3 through the outer plate inner spline 2b1,
  • the outer plate inner spline 2b1 is provided with a plurality of outer retainer ring mounting ring grooves that are compatible with the corresponding outer retainer retainer ring 2f, and each outer retainer retainer ring 2f is respectively embedded in the corresponding outer retainer ring mounting ring groove in.
  • the main shaft 1 is provided with a disc spring adjuster 22 and a round nut 23 for adjusting the pre-tightening force of the elastic element group 3, and the disc spring adjuster 22 is axially movably mounted on Between the elastic element group 3 and the round nut 23, the round nut 23 is threadedly fitted with the main shaft 1, that is, the main shaft 1 has a section of external thread 1b, and the round nut 23 is threadedly fitted with the section of external thread 1b. By rotating the round nut 23, The disc spring adjuster 22 compresses or releases the elastic element group 3 so as to adjust the magnitude of the pretension force of the elastic element group 3 on the friction clutch 2.
  • a spindle end locking assembly 24 is provided at one end of the spindle 1 close to the motor input flange 8, and a washer 25 is provided in the gap between the spindle end locking assembly 24 and the round nut 23.
  • a reliable support can be formed by selecting a gasket 25 of an appropriate thickness, so that the pre-tightening force of the elastic element group 3 is easy to adjust, in other words,
  • the arrangement of the washer 25 makes the whole device more versatile and can adjust the pre-tightening force according to actual application scenarios. The only need to replace the washer 25 of the corresponding thickness, and no other parts need to be replaced.
  • the spindle end locking assembly 24 includes a half-moon key 24a for positioning the washer 25, a half-moon key 24a for positioning the half-moon key 24a, a ferrule 24b for positioning the half-moon key 24a, and an elastic retaining ring for positioning the ferrule 24b 24c.
  • a support collar 26 is provided between the motor input flange 8 and the input shaft transmission sleeve 9, and a deep groove ball bearing is provided between the support collar 26 and the disc spring adjuster 22 to reliably Support spindle 1.
  • the friction plate pressing plate 5b can compress the outer friction plate 2c and the inner friction plate 2d.
  • the adaptive multi-plate sorting high torque The friction clutch is in the combined state, and the power transmission route is as follows: motor input flange 8 ⁇ input shaft transmission sleeve 9 ⁇ input tooth support flange 10 ⁇ first outer ring 4c ⁇ first rolling element 4b ⁇ first inner wheel 4a ⁇ Friction plate support ⁇ outer plate spline sleeve 2b ⁇ each outer friction plate 2c ⁇ each inner friction plate 2d ⁇ inner plate spiral raceway sleeve 5 ⁇ spindle 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • One-Way And Automatic Clutches, And Combinations Of Different Clutches (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置，包括用于输入动力的动力输入机构和用于输出动力的主轴（1），在主轴（1）上套装有内片螺旋滚道套（5）、摩擦离合器（2）和弹性元件组（3），摩擦离合器（2）包括设置在内片螺旋滚道套（5）上的摩擦片支撑件以及若干交替排列在摩擦片支撑件和内片螺旋滚道套（5）之间的外摩擦片（2c）和内摩擦片（2d），各外摩擦片（2c）能够沿摩擦片支撑件轴向滑动，各内摩擦片（2d）能够沿内片螺旋滚道套（5）轴向滑动。采用以上方案，能够实现动力的单向传递，同时利用若干交替排列的外摩擦片（2c）和内摩擦片（2d），使承受的扭矩分散在各外摩擦片（2c）和内摩擦片（2d）上，大大降低了滑摩损耗，克服传统盘式摩擦离合器耐磨性差的缺陷，使整体装置的稳定性和可靠性高，使用寿命长。

Description

具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置 技术领域
本发明涉及离合机构技术领域，具体涉及一种具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置。
背景技术
摩擦离合器利用摩擦面之间的机械摩擦力，把扭矩由主动轴传到从动轴，并且根据工作需要可使主机与从动轴接合或脱离。现有的摩擦离合器不具有单向传递动力的功能，因此无法直接应用于一些特殊的应用场景，例如纯电动汽车的变速器。
并且，现有的摩擦离合器主要以包括主动摩擦盘和从动摩擦盘的盘式摩擦离合器为主，其耐磨性不佳，长时间使用以后灵敏度、稳定性和可靠性会出现大幅下降，存在使用寿命短的缺陷，无法作为大扭矩动力传递装置。因而产生了一种多片式摩擦离合器，其核心部件由多片摩擦片组成，磨损由众多摩擦片均摊，能够在一定程度上解决耐磨性的问题，延长了摩擦离合器的使用寿命。当多片式摩擦离合器从结合状态向分离状态转换时，摩擦片会在油膜和内腔压力的作用下进行自适应的分布，即最靠外的摩擦片先分离，然后内里的一片后分离，以此类推从外向内逐一分离，并且，由于在摩擦片处于充满机油的湿室环境中，摩擦片自适应分布的过程时间较长，为保证多片式摩擦离合器的响应时间和响应速度，会对摩擦片的数量进行限定，导致现有多片式摩擦离合器均无法承受较大的扭矩。
另外，在充满机油的湿室环境中，如果多片式摩擦离合器的各摩擦片之间十分容易出现分离不够彻底的情况，常常是某些相邻摩擦片互相粘连，甚至多数摩擦片互相粘连，仅其中几块摩擦片分离，因而长期使用后，磨损仍 然只发生在这少数几片摩擦片上，背离了设计初衷，大大降低了多片式摩擦离合器的耐磨性能，导致其使用寿命仍然不够理想。
因此，急需全新设计一种全新的摩擦离合装置，不仅能够实现动力的单向传递，而且能够解决摩擦盘耐磨性不佳，使用寿命短，不能作为大扭矩动力传递装置的缺陷。
发明内容
为解决以上问题，本发明提供了一种具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置。
其技术方案如下：
一种具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置，包括用于输入动力的动力输入机构和用于输出动力的主轴，其特征在于：在所述主轴上套装有内片螺旋滚道套、摩擦离合器和弹性元件组，所述摩擦离合器包括设置在内片螺旋滚道套上的摩擦片支撑件以及若干交替排列在摩擦片支撑件和内片螺旋滚道套之间的外摩擦片和内摩擦片，各外摩擦片能够沿摩擦片支撑件轴向滑动，各内摩擦片能够沿内片螺旋滚道套轴向滑动；
所述动力输入机构能够通过第一超越离合器将动力传递给摩擦片支撑件，所述弹性元件组能够对内片螺旋滚道套施加预紧力，以压紧各外摩擦片和内摩擦片，所述内片螺旋滚道套与主轴之间形成螺旋传动副，使内片螺旋滚道套能够沿主轴轴向滑动，从而压缩弹性元件组，以释放各外摩擦片和内摩擦片。
采用以上结构，通过第一超越离合器的设置，能够实现动力的单向传递，再将摩擦离合器中的摩擦结构设置为若干交替排列的外摩擦片和内摩擦片，使承受的扭矩分散在各外摩擦片和内摩擦片上，通过各外摩擦片和内摩擦片分担磨损，大大降低了滑摩损耗，克服传统盘式摩擦离合器的缺陷，从而大 幅提高了摩擦离合器的耐磨性、稳定性和可靠性，延长了使用寿命，能够作为大扭矩动力传递装置。
作为优选：所述内片螺旋滚道套包括呈圆盘形结构的摩擦片压紧盘和呈圆筒形结构的输出螺旋滚道筒，所述输出螺旋滚道筒套装在主轴上，并与主轴之间形成螺旋传动副，所述摩擦片压紧盘固套在输出螺旋滚道筒的一端；
所述摩擦片支撑件包括呈圆盘形结构的摩擦片支撑盘和呈圆筒形结构的外片花键套，所述动力输入机构能够将动力传递给摩擦片支撑盘，所述摩擦片支撑盘与摩擦片压紧盘平行，所述外片花键套同轴地套在输出螺旋滚道筒的外部，其一端与摩擦片支撑盘的外缘花键配合，另一端可转动地支承在摩擦片压紧盘的外缘上；
各外摩擦片的外缘均与外片花键套的内壁花键配合，各内摩擦片的內缘均与输出螺旋滚道筒的外壁花键配合，在所述输出螺旋滚道筒的外壁上套装有若干内片启动挡圈，各个内片启动挡圈分别位于各内摩擦片靠近摩擦片支撑盘的一侧；
当输出螺旋滚道筒朝着远离摩擦片支撑盘方向轴向移动时，各个内片启动挡圈能够带动相邻内摩擦片朝着远离摩擦片支撑盘方向轴向移动，以使各外摩擦片和内摩擦片相互分离；当输出螺旋滚道筒朝着靠近摩擦片支撑盘方向轴向移动时，摩擦片压紧盘能够压紧各外摩擦片和内摩擦片。
采用以上结构，通过在内摩擦片安装筒上设置内片启动挡圈，能够主动地带动各内摩擦片与相邻的外摩擦片分离，相对于现有多片式摩擦离合器，不仅大幅提高了响应速度，缩短了相应时间，从而能够大幅增加摩擦片的数量，甚至无限增加摩擦片的数量，使本摩擦离合器能够应用于大扭矩场景，而且能够保证内摩擦片和外摩擦片的彻底分离，不会发生粘连的情况，长期使用，各内摩擦片和外摩擦片的磨损情况基本一致，大大降低了滑摩损耗，克服传统多片式摩擦离合器的缺陷，延长了摩擦离合器的使用寿命，从而大幅提高了整个摩擦离合装置的耐磨性、稳定性和可靠性。
作为优选：在所述输出螺旋滚道筒的外壁上套装有若干内片碟簧，各内片碟簧分别位于各内摩擦片靠近摩擦片压紧盘的一侧，各内片碟簧的两端分别弹性地支承在对应的内摩擦片和内片启动挡圈上。采用以上结构，各内片碟簧与各内片启动挡圈相互配合，对内摩擦片施加双向作用力，促使内摩擦片与两侧的外摩擦片主动分离，保证了各内摩擦片与各外摩擦片的彻底分离。
作为优选：所述摩擦片支撑盘的內缘具有朝着远离摩擦片压紧盘延伸的动力输入套，在该动力输入套的外壁上设置有动力输入花键；
所述第一超越离合器包括第一外圈、第一内心轮以及若干设置在第一外圈和第一内心轮之间的第一滚动体，所述动力输入机构能够将动力传递给第一外圈，所述第一内心轮的内壁上具有与动力输入花键花键配合的内心轮内花键。
采用以上结构，能够高效、稳定可靠地实现单向传动的功能。
作为优选：所述第一滚动体包括沿周向交替设置在第一内心轮周围的粗滚子和细滚子，在第一内心轮的外周面上均设置有两个相对的滚动体保持架，在每个滚动体保持架的内壁上均开设有一圈细滚子滑槽，各个细滚子的两端分别均可滑动地插入对应的细滚子滑槽中。采用以上结构，各个细滚子能够自由地随动，提高了第一超越离合器的稳定性和可靠性，增加了使用寿命。
作为优选：相邻所述内片启动挡圈的间距相等，且相邻内片启动挡圈的间距大于相邻内摩擦片的间距，当摩擦片压紧盘压紧各外摩擦片和内摩擦片时，各个所述内片启动挡圈与相邻内摩擦片的间距朝着靠近摩擦片压紧盘的方向呈等差数列关系逐渐减小。采用以上结构，使各内摩擦片与对应外摩擦片能够更加有序、均匀地散开，缩短响应时间。
作为优选：所述输出螺旋滚道筒的外壁上具有内片外花键，在该内片外花键上设置有若干与对应内片启动挡圈相适应的内挡圈安装环槽，各内片启动挡圈分别嵌入对应的内挡圈安装环槽中。采用以上结构，能够保证各内片启动挡圈的可靠安装，同时装配简单，易于实现。
作为优选：所述外片花键套的内壁上设置有外片内花键，各所述外摩擦片的外缘上均设置有与外片内花键花键配合的外片外花键，摩擦片支撑盘的 外缘上设置有动力输出花键，所述外片花键套靠近摩擦片支撑盘的一端通过外片内花键与动力输出花键花键配合。采用以上结构，使各外摩擦片与摩擦片压紧内挡板能够共用外片花键套内壁上的外片内花键，降低了设计和加工难度以及生产成本。
作为优选：所述螺旋传动副包括沿周向分布在内片螺旋滚道套内壁上的内螺旋滚道以及沿周向分布在主轴外壁上的外螺旋滚道，在每个外螺旋滚道中均嵌设有若干向外凸出的滚珠，各个滚珠分别能够在对应的内螺旋滚道和外螺旋滚道中滚动。采用以上结构，能够使输出螺旋滚道筒相对主轴轴向滑动，减小接触面积，延缓磨损，增加使用寿命。
作为优选：所述摩擦片压紧盘靠近弹性元件组的一侧表面上分布有若干同心的环形滚道，在所述弹性元件组和摩擦片压紧盘之间设置有端面轴承，该端面轴承包括轴承支撑盘以及若干支撑在轴承支撑盘和摩擦片压紧盘之间的轴承滚珠，各轴承滚珠分别能够沿对应的环形滚道滚动。采用以上结构，摩擦片压紧盘作为端面轴承的一个支撑盘，既节约了制造成本，又节约了装配空间。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果：
采用以上技术方案的具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置，结构新颖，设计巧妙，通过第一超越离合器的设置，能够实现动力的单向传递，再将摩擦离合器中的摩擦结构设置为若干交替排列的外摩擦片和内摩擦片，使承受的扭矩分散在各外摩擦片和内摩擦片上，长期使用，各内摩擦片和外摩擦片的磨损情况基本一致，大大降低了滑摩损耗，克服传统盘式摩擦离合器耐磨性差的缺陷，从而大幅提高了整个装置的稳定性和可靠性，延长了使用寿命。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为主轴的结构示意图；
图3位输出螺旋滚道筒与摩擦离合器的配合示意图；
图4为外片连接件的结构示意图；
图5为输出螺旋滚道筒的结构示意图；
图6为图5中A-A处的剖视图；
图7为外摩擦片的结构示意图；
图8为内摩擦片的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例和附图对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1所示，一种具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置，其主要包括动力输入机构、主轴1、第一超越离合器4、内片螺旋滚道套5、摩擦离合器2和弹性元件组3，其中，动力输入机构用于输入动力，主轴1用于输出动力。
请参见图1和图3，所述内片螺旋滚道套5包括一体成型的输出螺旋滚道筒5a和摩擦片压紧盘5b，其中，输出螺旋滚道筒5a呈圆筒形结构，摩擦片压紧盘5b呈圆盘形结构，所述摩擦片压紧盘5b垂直地固套在输出螺旋滚道筒5a一端的外部。
请参见图1、图2、图5和图6，所述输出螺旋滚道筒5a套装在主轴1上，并与主轴1之间形成螺旋传动副，使内片螺旋滚道套5能够沿主轴1轴向滑动，从而压缩弹性元件组3，以释放各外摩擦片2c和内摩擦片2d。具体地说，所述螺旋传动副包括沿周向分布在输出螺旋滚道筒5a内壁上的内螺旋滚道5a3以及沿周向分布在主轴1外壁上的外螺旋滚道1a，在每个外螺旋滚道1a中均嵌设有若干向外凸出的滚珠27，各个滚珠27分别能够在对应的内螺旋滚道5a3和外螺旋滚道1a中滚动。当内片螺旋滚道套5相对主轴1转动时，能够相对主轴1进行轴向移动，从而能够压紧或释放摩擦离合器2，使摩擦离合器2处于结合或分离状态。
请参见图1、图3和图5，所述摩擦片压紧盘5b自输出螺旋滚道筒5a远 离摩擦片支撑件的一端沿径向向外延伸。所述摩擦片压紧盘5b靠近弹性元件组3的一侧表面上分布有若干同心的环形滚道5b1，在所述弹性元件组3和摩擦片压紧盘5b之间设置有端面轴承21，该端面轴承21包括轴承支撑盘21b以及若干支撑在轴承支撑盘21b和摩擦片压紧盘5b之间的轴承滚珠21a，各轴承滚珠21a分别能够沿对应的环形滚道5b1滚动。通过以上结构，摩擦片压紧盘5b能够作为一侧的轴承支撑盘，从而既节约了制造成本，又节约了装配空间。
请参见图1和图3，所述摩擦离合器2包括摩擦片支撑件以及若干交替排列在摩擦片支撑件和内片螺旋滚道套5之间的外摩擦片2c和内摩擦片2d，其中，所述摩擦片支撑件包括呈圆盘形结构的摩擦片支撑盘2a和呈圆筒形结构的外片花键套2b，所述动力输入机构能够将动力传递给摩擦片支撑盘2a，所述摩擦片支撑盘2a与摩擦片压紧盘5b平行，所述外片花键套2b同轴地套在输出螺旋滚道筒5a的外部，其一端与摩擦片支撑盘2a的外缘花键配合，另一端可转动地支承在摩擦片压紧盘5b的外缘上。各外摩擦片2c能够沿外片花键套2b的内壁轴向滑动，各内摩擦片2d能够沿输出螺旋滚道筒5a的外壁轴向滑动。相对于传统盘式摩擦离合器，本事实例中的摩擦离合器2，长期使用，各内摩擦片2d和外摩擦片2c的磨损情况基本一致，降低了滑摩损耗，提高了摩擦离合器2的耐磨性、稳定性和可靠性，延长摩擦离合器2的使用寿命。
请参见图1、图3、图5、图6和图8，各所述内摩擦片2d的內缘上均设置有内片内花键2d1，在所述输出螺旋滚道筒5a的外壁上设置有与各内片内花键2d1相适应的内片外花键5a1，即所述输出螺旋滚道筒5a与各内摩擦片2d通过内片内花键2d1与内片外花键5a1实现花键配合，使各内摩擦片2d既能够与输出螺旋滚道筒5a同步转动，又能够沿输出螺旋滚道筒5a轴向移动，实现分离。
同样的，请参见图1、图3和图7，各所述外摩擦片2c的外缘上均设置有外片外花键2c1，所述外片花键套2b的内壁上设置有与各外片外花键2c1相适应的外片内花键2b1。即所述外片花键套2b与各外摩擦片2c通过外片外 花键2c1与外片内花键2b1实现花键配合，使各外摩擦片2c既能够与外片花键套2b同步转动，又能够沿外片花键套2b轴向移动，实现分离。
请参见图1-图4，所述摩擦片支撑盘2a的內缘具有朝着远离摩擦片压紧盘5b延伸的动力输入套2a1。所述动力输入套2a1与输出螺旋滚道筒5a同轴设置，即动力输入套2a1、输出螺旋滚道筒5a和主轴1三者的中心轴线重合。所述摩擦片支撑盘2a自动力输入套2a1靠近摩擦片压紧盘5b的一端沿径向向外延伸，并与摩擦片压紧盘5b相互正对，以使各外摩擦片2c和内摩擦片2d交替排列在摩擦片支撑盘2a和摩擦片压紧盘5b。并且，所述摩擦片支撑盘2a的外缘上设置有与外片内花键2b1花键配合的动力输出花键2a3。各外摩擦片2c与摩擦片支撑盘2a能够共用外片花键套2b内壁上的外片内花键2b1，降低了设计和加工难度以及生产成本。
请参见图1，所述外片花键套2b远离摩擦片支撑件的一端支承在摩擦片压紧盘5b的外缘上，并可相对摩擦片压紧盘5b自由转动，以保持结构的稳定可靠。
请参见图1和图4，所述动力输入机构能够通过第一超越离合器4将动力传递给摩擦片支撑件，具体地说，所述动力输入机构包括同步转动的电机输入法兰8、输入轴传动套筒9和输入齿支撑法兰10。所述第一超越离合器4包括第一外圈4c、第一内心轮4a以及若干设置在第一外圈4c和第一内心轮4a之间的第一滚动体4b。所述第一外圈4c固定安装在输入轴传动套筒9和输入齿支撑法兰10之间，具体地说，第一外圈4c、输入轴传动套筒9和输入齿支撑法兰10之间通过若干螺栓固定。所述第一内心轮4a与摩擦片支撑件通过花键配合，具体地说，所述第一内心轮4a的内壁上具有与动力输入花键2a2花键配合的内心轮内花键。
请参见图1和图3，所述第一滚动体4b包括沿周向交替设置在第一内心轮4a周围的粗滚子和细滚子，在第一内心轮4a的外周面上均设置有两个相对的滚动体保持架4d，在每个滚动体保持架4d的内壁上均开设有一圈细滚子滑槽，各个细滚子的两端分别均可滑动地插入对应的细滚子滑槽中。采用以上结构，使各个细滚子能够随动，提高了第一超越离合器4的稳定性和可靠 性，增加了使用寿命。
请参见图1，所述弹性元件组3能够对内片螺旋滚道套5施加预紧力，以压紧各外摩擦片2c和内摩擦片2d，使摩擦离合器2保持结合状态。本实施例中，所述弹性元件组3优选采用碟簧，稳定可靠，成本低廉，能够对端面轴承21持续地施加一个轴向上的推力。
请参见图1、图3、图5和图6，在输出螺旋滚道筒5a的内壁上设置有若干内片启动挡圈2e，各内片启动挡圈2e分别位于相邻内摩擦片2d靠近摩擦片支撑盘2a的一侧。通过在输出螺旋滚道筒5a上设置内片启动挡圈2e，能够对各内摩擦片2d进行分隔，从而保证在分离状态下，所有内摩擦片2d能够既快速、又均匀地散开，同时带动外摩擦片2c移动，实现各内摩擦片2d和外摩擦片2c的彻底分离。
进一步地，在所述输出螺旋滚道筒5a的外壁上套装有若干内片碟簧2g，各内片碟簧2g分别位于各内摩擦片2d靠近摩擦片压紧盘5b的一侧，各内片碟簧2g的两端分别弹性地支承在对应的内摩擦片2d和内片启动挡圈2e上。通过这样的设计，各内片碟簧2g与各内片启动挡圈2e相互配合，对内摩擦片2d施加双向作用力，促使内摩擦片2d与两侧的外摩擦片2c主动分离，保证了各内摩擦片2d与各外摩擦片2c的彻底分离。
进一步地，相邻所述内片启动挡圈2e的间距相等，且相邻内片启动挡圈2e的间距大于相邻内摩擦片2d的间距，具体地说，相邻内片启动挡圈2e的间距只是略大于相邻内摩擦片2d的间距，在摩擦离合器处于断开状态时，通过相邻内片启动挡圈2e能够保证各内摩擦片2d与相邻外摩擦片2c分离后均匀分布。当摩擦片压紧盘5b压紧各外摩擦片2c和内摩擦片2d时，各个所述内片启动挡圈2e与相邻内摩擦片2d的间距朝着靠近摩擦片压紧盘5b的方向呈等差数列关系逐渐减小。所述输出螺旋滚道筒5a的外壁上具有内片外花键5a1，在该内片外花键5a1上设置有若干与对应内片启动挡圈2e相适应的内挡圈安装环槽5a2，各内片启动挡圈2e分别嵌入对应的内挡圈安装环槽5a2中。
请参见图3，在所述外片花键套2b的内壁上设置有若干外片限位挡圈2f， 各外片限位挡圈2f分别位于各外摩擦片2c靠近摩擦片压紧盘5b的一侧。相邻所述外片限位挡圈2f的间距相等，且相邻外片限位挡圈2f的间距大于相邻内片启动挡圈2e的间距。通过这样的设计，对外摩擦片2c进行限位，避免外摩擦片2c与前一级内摩擦片2d发生粘接的情况，使内摩擦片2d与外摩擦片2c分离得更加彻底。各相邻所述外片限位挡圈2f的间距相等，使各内摩擦片2d与对应外摩擦片2c能够更加有序、均匀地散开，缩短响应时间。
进一步地，在所述外片花键套2b的内壁上套装有若干外片碟簧2h，各外片碟簧2h分别位于各外摩擦片2c靠近摩擦片支撑盘2a的一侧，各外片碟簧2h的两端分别弹性地支承在对应的外片限位挡圈2f和外摩擦片2c上。通过这样的设计，各外片碟簧2h与各外片限位挡圈2f相互配合，对外摩擦片2c施加双向作用力，促使外摩擦片2c与两侧的内摩擦片2d主动分离，保证了各内摩擦片2d与各外摩擦片2c的彻底分离。
所述外片花键套2b的内壁上设置有外片内花键2b1，各所述外摩擦片2c的外缘上均设置有与外片内花键2b1花键配合的外片外花键2c1，摩擦片支撑盘2a的外缘上设置有动力输出花键2a3，所述外片花键套2b靠近摩擦片支撑盘2a的一端通过外片内花键2b1与动力输出花键2a3花键配合，在所述外片内花键2b1上设置有若干与对应外片限位挡圈2f相适应的外挡圈安装环槽，各外片限位挡圈2f分别嵌入对应的外挡圈安装环槽中。
请参见图1和图2，在所述主轴1上设置有用于调节弹性元件组3预紧力的碟簧调节器22和圆螺母23，所述碟簧调节器22可轴向移动地安装在弹性元件组3和圆螺母23之间，所述圆螺母23与主轴1螺纹配合，即主轴1具有一段外螺纹1b，圆螺母23与该段外螺纹1b螺旋配合，通过转动圆螺母23，能够通过碟簧调节器22压紧或释放弹性元件组3，从而调节弹性元件组3对摩擦离合器2的预紧力的大小。
进一步地，在主轴1靠近电机输入法兰8的一端设置有主轴端部锁紧组件24，在主轴端部锁紧组件24和圆螺母23之间的间隙设置有垫圈25，通过转动圆螺母23使弹性元件组3对摩擦离合器2施加到预设的预紧力后，只要选择合适厚度的垫圈25就能够形成可靠的支撑，使弹性元件组3的预紧力便 于调校，换句话说，通过垫圈25的设置，使整套装置通用性更好，能够根据实际应用场景调节预紧力，唯一只需要更换相应厚度的垫圈25，其它部件均不需要替换。其中，所述主轴端部锁紧组件24包括用于定位垫圈25的半月键24a、用于定位半月键24a、用于定位半月键24a的套圈24b以及用于定位套圈24b的弹性挡圈24c。
本实施例中，在电机输入法兰8和输入轴传动套筒9之间设置有支承套环26，该支承套环26与碟簧调节器22之间设置有深沟球轴承，以可靠地支撑主轴1。
当内片螺旋滚道套5朝着靠近摩擦片支撑件的方向移动时，摩擦片压紧盘5b能够压紧各外摩擦片2c和内摩擦片2d，此时，自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合器处于结合状态，动力的传递路线如下：电机输入法兰8→输入轴传动套筒9→输入齿支撑法兰10→第一外圈4c→第一滚动体4b→第一内心轮4a→摩擦片支撑件→外片花键套2b→各外摩擦片2c→各内摩擦片2d→内片螺旋滚道套5→主轴1。
当内片螺旋滚道套5朝着远离摩擦片支撑件的方向移动时，各外摩擦片2c和内摩擦片2d能够相互分离，此时，摩擦离合器2处于分离状态，由于各外摩擦片2c和内摩擦片2d相互分离，动力的传递在此断开。
最后需要说明的是，上述描述仅仅为本发明的优选实施例，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下，在不违背本发明宗旨及权利要求的前提下，可以做出多种类似的表示，这样的变换均落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置，包括用于输入动力的动力输入机构和用于输出动力的主轴(1)，其特征在于：在所述主轴(1)上套装有内片螺旋滚道套(5)、摩擦离合器(2)和弹性元件组(3)，所述摩擦离合器(2)包括设置在内片螺旋滚道套(5)上的摩擦片支撑件以及若干交替排列在摩擦片支撑件和内片螺旋滚道套(5)之间的外摩擦片(2c)和内摩擦片(2d)，各外摩擦片(2c)能够沿摩擦片支撑件轴向滑动，各内摩擦片(2d)能够沿内片螺旋滚道套(5)轴向滑动；
    所述动力输入机构能够通过第一超越离合器(4)将动力传递给摩擦片支撑件，所述弹性元件组(3)能够对内片螺旋滚道套(5)施加预紧力，以压紧各外摩擦片(2c)和内摩擦片(2d)，所述内片螺旋滚道套(5)与主轴(1)之间形成螺旋传动副，使内片螺旋滚道套(5)能够沿主轴(1)轴向滑动，从而压缩弹性元件组(3)，以释放各外摩擦片(2c)和内摩擦片(2d)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置，其特征在于：所述内片螺旋滚道套(5)包括呈圆盘形结构的摩擦片压紧盘(5b)和呈圆筒形结构的输出螺旋滚道筒(5a)，所述输出螺旋滚道筒(5a)套装在主轴(1)上，并与主轴(1)之间形成螺旋传动副，所述摩擦片压紧盘(5b)固套在输出螺旋滚道筒(5a)的一端；
    所述摩擦片支撑件包括呈圆盘形结构的摩擦片支撑盘(2a)和呈圆筒形结构的外片花键套(2b)，所述动力输入机构能够将动力传递给摩擦片支撑盘(2a)，所述摩擦片支撑盘(2a)与摩擦片压紧盘(5b)平行，所述外片花键套(2b)同轴地套在输出螺旋滚道筒(5a)的外部，其一端与摩擦片支撑盘(2a)的外缘花键配合，另一端可转动地支承在摩擦片压紧盘(5b)的外缘上；
    各外摩擦片(2c)的外缘均与外片花键套(2b)的内壁花键配合，各内摩擦片(2d)的內缘均与输出螺旋滚道筒(5a)的外壁花键配合，在所述输出螺旋滚道筒(5a)的外壁上套装有若干内片启动挡圈(2e)，各个内片启动挡圈(2e)分别位于各内摩擦片(2d)靠近摩擦片支撑盘(2a)的一侧；
    当输出螺旋滚道筒(5a)朝着远离摩擦片支撑盘(2a)方向轴向移动时， 各个内片启动挡圈(2e)能够带动相邻内摩擦片(2d)朝着远离摩擦片支撑盘(2a)方向轴向移动，以使各外摩擦片(2c)和内摩擦片(2d)相互分离；当输出螺旋滚道筒(5a)朝着靠近摩擦片支撑盘(2a)方向轴向移动时，摩擦片压紧盘(5b)能够压紧各外摩擦片(2c)和内摩擦片(2d)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置，其特征在于：在所述输出螺旋滚道筒(5a)的外壁上套装有若干内片碟簧(2g)，各内片碟簧(2g)分别位于各内摩擦片(2d)靠近摩擦片压紧盘(5b)的一侧，各内片碟簧(2g)的两端分别弹性地支承在对应的内摩擦片(2d)和内片启动挡圈(2e)上。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置，其特征在于：所述摩擦片支撑盘(2a)的內缘具有朝着远离摩擦片压紧盘(5b)延伸的动力输入套(2a1)，在该动力输入套(2a1)的外壁上设置有动力输入花键(2a2)；
    所述第一超越离合器(4)包括第一外圈(4c)、第一内心轮(4a)以及若干设置在第一外圈(4c)和第一内心轮(4a)之间的第一滚动体(4b)，所述动力输入机构能够将动力传递给第一外圈(4c)，所述第一内心轮(4a)的内壁上具有与动力输入花键(2a2)花键配合的内心轮内花键。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置，其特征在于：所述第一滚动体(4b)包括沿周向交替设置在第一内心轮(4a)周围的粗滚子和细滚子，在第一内心轮(4a)的外周面上均设置有两个相对的滚动体保持架(4d)，在每个滚动体保持架(4d)的内壁上均开设有一圈细滚子滑槽，各个细滚子的两端分别均可滑动地插入对应的细滚子滑槽中。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置，其特征在于：相邻所述内片启动挡圈(2e)的间距相等，且相邻内片启动挡圈(2e)的间距大于相邻内摩擦片(2d)的间距，当摩擦片压紧盘(5b)压紧各外摩擦片(2c)和内摩擦片(2d)时，各个所述内片启动挡圈(2e)与相邻内摩擦片(2d)的间距朝着靠近摩擦片压紧盘(5b)的方 向呈等差数列关系逐渐减小。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置，其特征在于：所述输出螺旋滚道筒(5a)的外壁上具有内片外花键(5a1)，在该内片外花键(5a1)上设置有若干与对应内片启动挡圈(2e)相适应的内挡圈安装环槽(5a2)，各内片启动挡圈(2e)分别嵌入对应的内挡圈安装环槽(5a2)中。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置，其特征在于：所述外片花键套(2b)的内壁上设置有外片内花键(2b1)，各所述外摩擦片(2c)的外缘上均设置有与外片内花键(2b1)花键配合的外片外花键(2c1)，摩擦片支撑盘(2a)的外缘上设置有动力输出花键(2a3)，所述外片花键套(2b)靠近摩擦片支撑盘(2a)的一端通过外片内花键(2b1)与动力输出花键(2a3)花键配合。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置，其特征在于：所述螺旋传动副包括沿周向分布在内片螺旋滚道套(5)内壁上的内螺旋滚道(5a3)以及沿周向分布在主轴(1)外壁上的外螺旋滚道(1a)，在每个外螺旋滚道(1a)中均嵌设有若干向外凸出的滚珠(27)，各个滚珠(27)分别能够在对应的内螺旋滚道(5a3)和外螺旋滚道(1a)中滚动。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的具有单向传动功能的自适应多片排序大扭矩摩擦离合装置，其特征在于：所述摩擦片压紧盘(5b)靠近弹性元件组(3)的一侧表面上分布有若干同心的环形滚道(5b1)，在所述弹性元件组(3)和摩擦片压紧盘(5b)之间设置有端面轴承(21)，该端面轴承(21)包括轴承支撑盘(21b)以及若干支撑在轴承支撑盘(21b)和摩擦片压紧盘(5b)之间的轴承滚珠(21a)，各轴承滚珠(21a)分别能够沿对应的环形滚道(5b1)滚动。
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