WO2021103942A1 - 一种中微量元素混合剂及应用 - Google Patents

一种中微量元素混合剂及应用 Download PDF

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WO2021103942A1
WO2021103942A1 PCT/CN2020/125782 CN2020125782W WO2021103942A1 WO 2021103942 A1 WO2021103942 A1 WO 2021103942A1 CN 2020125782 W CN2020125782 W CN 2020125782W WO 2021103942 A1 WO2021103942 A1 WO 2021103942A1
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medium
trace element
fertilizer
mixture
trace
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PCT/CN2020/125782
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French (fr)
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王仁宗
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湖北富邦科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021103942A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021103942A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B13/00Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
    • C05B13/02Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D5/00Fertilisers containing magnesium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of novel fertilizers, in particular to a mixture of medium and trace elements and its application.
  • the common medium and trace elements are sulfur, calcium, magnesium, silicon, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum and other elements.
  • nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements although the medium and trace elements are essential nutrients for crops, their dosage It is generally less, and it is easily fixed by the soil after application and loses its fertilizer effect.
  • chelated trace element fertilizers appeared on the market, which can greatly increase the fertilizer utilization rate.
  • due to its high cost its popularization and use are largely affected.
  • Granular sulfur fertilizer granulation and molten sulfur coating are also restricted due to the dispersion of added trace elements in molten sulfur.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and provide a medium and trace element mixture and its application.
  • the present invention can quickly upgrade conventional fertilizers to new fertilizers containing one or more medium and trace elements, or prepare medium and trace elements. Elemental granular fertilizer.
  • the invention quickly and flexibly adds medium and trace elements; solves the problem that the pure medium and trace element granules are difficult to uniformly disperse in the soil and cause crop poisoning; by adding a dispersant, the problem of dispersing medium and trace elements in molten sulfur is accelerated, and The disintegration of the film layer solves the problem that the particle size of the massive sulfur is too large to be absorbed by crops; the medium and trace element film formed by this method is firmly combined with the fertilizer particles and is not easy to fall off.
  • the surface of the coated fertilizer prepared by this scheme is a layer of trace element film with sulfur as the carrier.
  • the chemical inertness of sulfur makes the coated fertilizer not easy to absorb moisture and agglomerate, so it can reduce or even eliminate the use of fertilizer to prevent agglomeration To reduce the cost of fertilizer production.
  • a mixture of medium and trace elements consisting of medium and trace elements and a dispersant.
  • Each component is calculated by weight percentage. It is characterized in that: the sulfur in the mixture accounts for 50%-95%, the dispersant accounts for 0.5%-20%, and the sulfur The other medium and trace elements account for 0.1%-45%, and the preparation method is: adding medium and trace elements and a dispersant to liquid sulfur and mixing them uniformly. It can be applied to the preparation of medium and trace element granular fertilizers and fertilizer coating.
  • the middle and trace elements are one or several mixtures of simple substances, oxides, hydroxides or compounds containing sulfur, calcium, magnesium, silicon, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, and molybdenum.
  • the dispersant is sodium humate, potassium humate and/or lignosulfonate.
  • An application of a medium-trace element mixture is characterized in that: the medium-trace element mixture is used for preparing granule mid-trace element mixture or coating fertilizer.
  • the medium and microelement mixture agent is granulated in a steel belt granulator or a high-tower granulation equipment to obtain the microelement mixture agent in the particles.
  • the coating fertilizer is prepared by placing the conventional granular fertilizer in a wrapping roller, disc or fluidized bed equipment with heating function, and spraying the above-mentioned medium and trace element mixture accounting for 5-12% of the weight of the granular fertilizer on the heating On the surface of the granular fertilizer at a certain temperature, after cooling and solidification, a layer of medium and trace element film is formed on the surface of the fertilizer.
  • the granular fertilizer is calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, compound fertilizer, urea, granular potassium sulfate, granular potassium chloride, superphosphate, double superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate or calcium ammonium nitrate.
  • the stated temperature means that the granular fertilizer needs to be preheated to 70-100°C in the drum, disc or fluidized bed equipment.
  • the advantages of the present invention are: 1.
  • the medium and trace element mixture is uniform, stable and easy to transport; 2. It can be customized according to customer needs; 3.
  • the medium and trace elements can be added quickly and flexibly.
  • each material is calculated in parts by weight, and each raw material is directly purchased.
  • the composition of the mixture is as follows: 95% sulfur, 0.1% zinc oxide and 4.9% sodium humate.
  • the sulfur is heated to a liquid state, and zinc oxide and sodium humate are added to the liquid sulfur and mixed uniformly to prepare a medium and trace element mixture.
  • the coated fertilizer coated with the medium and trace element mixture does not require additional anti-caking agents, moisture-proof agents, and anti-whitening agents to have anti-caking, moisture-proof and anti-whitening effects, and the coating layer does not affect the nutrients of the coated fertilizer Normal release.
  • the composition of the mixture is as follows: 50% sulfur, 45% magnesium oxide and 5% potassium humate.
  • the sulfur is heated to a liquid state, and magnesium oxide and potassium humate are added to the liquid sulfur and mixed uniformly to prepare a medium-trace element mixture.
  • the medium-trace element mixture is granulated by a steel belt granulator to prepare the granular trace element mixture.
  • the composition of the mixture is as follows: 70% sulfur, 10% iron trioxide, 15% sodium lignosulfonate and 5% sodium humate.
  • the sulfur is heated to a liquid state, and ferric oxide, sodium lignosulfonate and sodium humate are added to the liquid sulfur and mixed uniformly to prepare a medium-trace element mixture.
  • the composition of the mixture is as follows: 80% sulfur, 19.5% magnesium hydroxide and 0.5% sodium humate.
  • the sulfur is heated to a liquid state, and magnesium hydroxide and sodium humate are added to the liquid sulfur and mixed uniformly to prepare a medium and trace element mixture.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种中微量元素混合剂及应用。中微量元素混合剂中硫磺占50%-95%,分散剂占0.5%-20%,硫之外的中微量元素占0.1%-45%,制备方法为:在液态硫磺中添加中微量元素、分散剂并混合均匀制得。可应用于颗粒中微量元素混合剂的制备及进行肥料包膜。本发明有以下优点:该中微量元素混合剂均匀、稳定,便于输送,并可根据客户需求进行定制,能快速、灵活添加中微量元素。

Description

一种中微量元素混合剂及应用 技术领域
本发明涉及新型肥料技术领域,具体涉及一种中微量元素混合剂及应用。
背景技术
中国农业经历了连续多年的快速发展,取得了举世瞩目的成就。与此同时,粗放的增长模式带来诸多问题:资源快速消耗,环境污染严重,土地资源功能退化等。高养分速效肥料利用率极其低下,肥料流失造成的农业面源污染非常严重。随着我国现代农业技术和农业生产结构的改革与完善,适应我国农业生产需求、环境友好的肥料将会成为我国肥料的主体,肥料产业的发展也会向着肥料养分高效化、肥料施用简便化、肥料成本经济化、环境影响生态化、作物养分平衡化等方向发展。平衡施肥是实现农业高质量发展的关键,作物所需的养分除了氮、磷、钾等元素以外,还有中微量元素和有机肥等,中微量元素对作物的产品和品质都有极大的影响。
近年来,国内外围绕中微量元素肥料有越来越多的研究和应用,极大推动了肥料行业的进步。常见的中微量元素有硫、钙、镁、硅、铁、锰、铜、锌、硼、钼等元素,不同于氮磷钾等元素,中微量元素虽然是作物必需的营养元素,但其用量一般比较少,且施用后极易被土壤固定从而失去肥效。为了解决微量元素被固定的问题,市场上出现了螯合态的微量元素肥料,可极大提升肥料利用率,但因其成本偏高,很大程度上影响其推广使用。
颗粒硫肥造粒以及熔融硫包衣,还因所添加中微量元素在熔融硫中分散问题,而受到限制。
中微量营养元素对作物的生长发育具有不可替代的重要作用,因此,如何简单、快捷、高效率、安全地实现中微量元素的添加具有十分重要的意义。在常规肥料的基础上,最大化中微量营养元素的价值和使用效率,以达到中微量元素和大量元素的协同和平衡。
发明内容
本发明目的为了克服上述现有技术存在的问题,提供一种中微量元素混合剂及应用,本发明可以快速将常规肥料升级为含一种或多种中微量元素的新型肥料,或制备中微量 元素颗粒肥。本发明快速、灵活添加中微量元素;解决纯中微量元素颗粒剂在土壤中难以均匀分散造成作物中毒的问题;以添加分散剂的方式,加快中微量无素在熔融硫中的分散问题,及膜层的崩解问题,解决块状硫磺粒径太大,难以被作物吸收的问题;此方式形成的中微量元素膜与肥料颗粒结合牢固,不易脱落。
采用本方案制备的包膜肥料表面是一层硫为载体的微量元素膜层,硫的化学惰性,使得包膜后的肥料不易吸潮,不易结块,因此可以减少甚至不使用肥料防结块剂,从而降低肥料生产成本。
本发明的具体实现方式如下:
一种中微量元素混合剂,由中微量元素和分散剂组成,各组分按重量百分比计,其特征在于:混合剂中硫磺占50%‐95%,分散剂占0.5%‐20%,硫之外的中微量元素占0.1%‐45%,制备方法为:在液态硫磺中添加中微量元素、分散剂并混合均匀制得。可应用于中微量元素颗粒肥料的制备及进行肥料包膜。
所述中微量元素为含有硫、钙、镁、硅、铁、锰、铜、锌、硼、钼元素的单质、氧化物、氢氧化物或化合物中的一种或几种混合物。
所述的分散剂为腐殖酸钠、腐殖酸钾和/或木质素磺酸盐。
一种中微量元素混合剂的应用,其特征在于:所述的中微量元素混合剂应用于制备颗粒中微量元素混合剂或进行肥料包膜。
所述颗粒中微量元素混合剂的制备,将中微量元素混合剂在钢带造粒机或高塔造粒设备进行造粒制得颗粒中微量元素混合剂。
所述包膜肥料的制备,通过将常规颗粒肥料置于具有加热功能的包裹滚筒、圆盘或流化床设备中,将上述的中微量元素混合剂占颗粒肥料重量5‐12%喷涂在加热到一定温度的颗粒肥料表面,经冷却固化,在肥料表面形成一层中微量元素膜。
所述颗粒肥料为钙镁磷肥、复合肥、复混肥、尿素、颗粒硫酸钾、颗粒氯化钾、过磷酸钙、重过磷酸钙、磷酸一铵、磷酸二铵或硝酸铵钙。
所述的一定温度是指颗粒肥料在滚筒、圆盘或流化床设备中需预热至70‐100℃。
本发明的优点在于:1、该中微量元素混合剂均匀、稳定,便于输送;2、可根据客户需求进行定制;3、能快速、灵活添加中微量元素。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,包括但不仅限于以下案例,以下实施例各物质按重量份计,各原料均直接购买得到。
实施例一
(1)制备中微量元素混合剂。混合剂组成如下:95%硫、0.1%氧化锌和4.9%腐殖酸钠。将硫磺加热至液态,在液态硫磺中添加氧化锌、腐殖酸钠并混合均匀制得中微量元素混合剂。
(2)制备包裹中微量元素的新型肥料。在包裹滚筒中加入磷酸二铵(MAP:10‐50‐0),预热至100℃。中微量元素混合剂添加比例:1吨磷酸一铵包裹100kg中微量元素混合剂,包裹后的颗粒肥料冷却后进行包装。
(3)最终制备得到的新型中微量元素肥料养分如下:
  N P 2O 5 单质S 水难溶Zn
养分组成 9.1% 45.4% 8.6% 0.007%
包膜了中微量元素混合剂后的包膜肥料不需要额外添加防结块剂、防潮剂、防泛白剂即具有防结防潮防泛白效果,且包膜层不影响包膜肥料养分的正常释放。
实施例二
(1)制备中微量元素混合剂。混合剂组成如下:50%硫、45%氧化镁和5%腐殖酸钾。将硫磺加热至液态,在液态硫磺中添加氧化镁、腐殖酸钾并混合均匀制得中微量元素混合剂。
(2)制备颗粒中微量元素混合剂。将中微量元素混合剂通过钢带造粒机进行造粒,制备颗粒中微量元素混合剂。
(3)最终制备的中微量元素颗粒肥料养分如下:
  单质S 水难溶Mg
养分组成 50% 23%
实施例三
(1)制备中微量元素混合剂。混合剂组成如下:70%硫、10%三氧化二铁、15%木质素磺酸钠和5%腐殖酸钠。将硫磺加热至液态,在液态硫磺中添加三氧化二铁、木质素磺酸钠和腐殖酸钠并混合均匀制得中微量元素混合剂。
(2)制备包裹中微量元素的新型肥料。在包裹滚筒中加入颗粒钙镁磷肥,预热至80℃。中微量元素混合剂添加比例:1吨颗粒钙镁磷肥包裹100kg中微量元素混合剂,包裹后的颗粒肥料冷却后进行包装。
(3)最终制备得到的新型中微量元素肥料养分如下:
  P 2O 5 Ca Mg Si 单质S 水难溶Fe
养分组成 9.8% 26.3% 5.9% 7.6% 6.3% 0.6%
实施例四
(1)制备中微量元素混合剂。混合剂组成如下:80%硫、19.5%氢氧化镁和0.5%腐殖酸钠。将硫磺加热至液态,在液态硫磺中添加氢氧化镁、腐殖酸钠并混合均匀制得中微量元素混合剂。
(2)制备包裹中微量元素的新型肥料。在包裹滚筒中加入复合肥(15‐15‐15),预热至70℃。中微量元素混合剂添加比例:1吨磷酸一铵包裹120kg中微量元素混合剂,包裹后的颗粒肥料冷却后进行包装。
(3)最终制备得到的新型中微量元素肥料养分如下:
  N P 2O 5 K 2O 单质S Mg
养分组成 13.4% 13.4% 13.4% 8.5% 0.86%

Claims (8)

  1. 一种中微量元素混合剂,由中微量元素和分散剂组成,各组分按重量百分比计,其特征在于:混合剂中硫磺占50%-95%,分散剂占0.5%-20%,硫之外的中微量元素占0.1%-45%,制备方法为:在液态硫磺中添加中微量元素、分散剂并混合均匀制得。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的中微量元素混合剂,其特征在于:所述中微量元素为含有硫、钙、镁、硅、铁、锰、铜、锌、硼、钼元素的单质、氧化物、氢氧化物或化合物中的一种或几种混合物。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的中微量元素混合剂,其特征在于:所述的分散剂为腐殖酸钠、腐殖酸钾和/或木质素磺酸盐。
  4. 如权利要求1-3之一所述的一种中微量元素混合剂的应用,其特征在于:所述的中微量元素混合剂应用于制备颗粒中微量元素混合剂或进行肥料包膜。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种中微量元素混合剂的应用,其特征在于:所述颗粒中微量元素混合剂的制备,将中微量元素混合剂在钢带造粒机或高塔造粒设备进行造粒制得颗粒中微量元素混合剂。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的一种中微量元素混合剂的应用,其特征在于:所述包膜肥料的制备,通过将常规颗粒肥料置于具有加热功能的包裹滚筒、圆盘或流化床设备中,将所述的中微量元素混合剂占颗粒肥料重量5-12%喷涂在加热到一定温度的颗粒肥料表面,经冷却固化,在肥料表面形成一层中微量元素膜。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的一种中微量元素混合剂的应用,其特征在于:所述颗粒肥料为钙镁磷肥、复合肥、复混肥、尿素、颗粒硫酸钾、颗粒氯化钾、过磷酸钙、重过磷酸钙、磷酸一铵、磷酸二铵或硝酸铵钙。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的包裹中微量元素肥料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的一定温度是指颗粒肥料在滚筒、圆盘或流化床设备中需预热至70-100℃。
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CN110734337A (zh) * 2019-11-27 2020-01-31 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 一种高吸水性中微量元素混合剂及应用
CN110668897A (zh) * 2019-11-27 2020-01-10 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 一种环保型中微量元素混合剂及应用
CN110698308A (zh) * 2019-11-27 2020-01-17 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 一种中微量元素混合剂及应用
CN112142516B (zh) * 2020-09-28 2022-05-03 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 一种快速崩解硫颗粒组合物及其制备方法

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