WO2021103891A1 - 一种具有可变参数连续加工与间歇加工的混合流水车间调度方法 - Google Patents
一种具有可变参数连续加工与间歇加工的混合流水车间调度方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
- G05B19/41865—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by job scheduling, process planning, material flow
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/32—Operator till task planning
- G05B2219/32252—Scheduling production, machining, job shop
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Definitions
- the invention relates to the scheduling technology of a mixed flow shop, in particular to a modeling method for a mixed flow shop scheduling model with variable parameter continuous processing and intermittent processing, and belongs to the technical field of advanced manufacturing control and scheduling.
- the method of individual batch processing is more important to solve the problem of difficult quality control during continuous processing such as heat treatment, especially when the workpiece is heated in heating furnaces and other equipment.
- the holding time directly affects the processing quality of the workpiece. Therefore, in order to achieve efficient and high-quality mixed flow shop processing, from the perspective of completion time and processing quality, it is very valuable to study a mixed flow shop scheduling model with variable parameter continuous processing and intermittent processing.
- the invention aims at the high efficiency and high quality required in actual production, and considers the states of workpieces, manufacturing equipment, and transportation equipment in many different manufacturing stages.
- the variable parameter continuous processing stage and the variable parameter intermittent processing stage are designed to solve the problem separately.
- a production scheduling model targeting completion time and manufacturing quality has been established.
- the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is a mixed flow shop scheduling method with variable parameter continuous processing and intermittent processing.
- the basic requirements of the scheduling method are as follows:
- Each processing stage has one or more identical manufacturing equipment
- Each transportation stage has one or more identical transportation equipment (due to transportation space limitations, each transportation stage usually has one transportation equipment);
- Each manufacturing equipment can only process one job at a time
- Each transport equipment can only transport one operation at a time
- Each workpiece can only be processed by one manufacturing equipment or one transportation equipment at a time;
- the processing stage is mainly composed of two types: continuous processing with variable parameters and intermittent processing with variable parameters;
- the waiting time before transportation and the waiting time before processing of the next stage are adjusted to ensure reasonable and efficient scheduling.
- the waiting time is fixed. [0,+ ⁇ ] can be adjusted within the domain.
- Workpieces, manufacturing equipment, and transportation equipment will be in a variety of different states during the production process, and a variety of different time factors are used to represent the production process status of the workpiece, manufacturing equipment, and transportation equipment.
- the time relationship among workpieces, manufacturing equipment, and transportation equipment is shown in Figure 2.
- the multiple time factors of the workpiece are composed of: waiting time before transportation T wt , transportation time T t , waiting time before processing T wp , preparation time T r , processing time T p , adjustment time T s , when the processing stage is a variable parameter
- the waiting time before transportation and the waiting time before processing in the latter stage are both zero.
- the variable parameter is the adjustment time of this stage.
- the waiting time can be adjusted to arrange the scheduling plan reasonably; processing equipment consisting of a plurality of time factor: processing equipment interval T g, preparation time T r, the processing time T p, the adjustment time T s; more time factor transport equipment consists of: transportation equipment interval T tg, preparation time T r .
- the mathematical model of completion time constructed is as follows:
- formula (1) is a mathematical model with completion time as the target, and formulas (2) to (10) are constraints.
- the formula (2) is the constraint of the variable waiting time before transportation
- the formula (3) is the constraint of the variable waiting time before processing
- the formula (4) is the constraint of the sequence relationship between the front and rear two workpieces on the same transportation equipment.
- the formula ( 5) is the constraint of the sequence relationship between the front and rear two workpieces on the same processing equipment
- formula (6) is the relationship between the two processing stages of the same workpiece
- formula (7) is the same workpiece when the current stage is continuous processing
- the relationship between the two stages of transportation before the two stages of transportation is the relationship between the two stages of transportation of the same workpiece when the current stage is continuous processing
- the formula (9) is the definition of the adjustment time for different types of processing stages
- the formula ( 10) is the constraint between the maximum and minimum values of the variable adjustment time parameter.
- the adjustment time is set as the variable parameter to achieve continuous processing.
- the continuous processing process such as heat treatment is mainly based on heating furnace equipment.
- the variable parameter adjustment time is the heating and holding time.
- the heating and holding time directly reflects the processing quality of the workpiece.
- the holding time is a value within the technological requirements, and the best holding time is between the minimum holding time and A value between the maximum holding time.
- the optimal holding time interval value is set within the holding time range required by the process, and the holding time interval is optimized to improve the heating quality of the forging, and the best heat preservation
- the time interval value is expressed as:
- the quality model in production is as follows:
- the multi-objective optimization scheduling model is established to optimize the scheduling from two aspects of efficiency and quality.
- the efficiency is reflected by the completion time, and the quality is reflected by the interval between the best heat preservation.
- the established multi-objective optimization equation is as follows:
- the patent of the invention is based on the basic mixed flow shop model, analyzes the processing stage types of the shop scheduling model, and constructs two types of processing stages: a continuous processing stage with variable parameters and an intermittent processing stage.
- the two processing stages are analyzed.
- Scheduling processing method established a mixed flow shop scheduling model composed of different types of processing stages, and established a standard optimization function targeting completion time and quality for the scheduling model, providing a shop scheduling problem model for the scheduling optimization algorithm .
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a mixed production mode with variable parameter continuous processing and intermittent processing.
- Figure 2 is a diagram of various time relationships of workpieces/manufacturing equipment/transportation equipment.
- the present invention aims at the high efficiency and high quality required in actual production, and considers the states of workpieces, processing equipment and transportation equipment in many different manufacturing stages, and designs the variable parameter continuous processing stage and the variable parameter intermittent processing stage, respectively.
- a production scheduling model targeting completion time and manufacturing quality has been established.
- Step 1 Establish the assumptions and requirements of the scheduling model
- Each processing stage has one or more identical manufacturing equipment
- Each transportation stage has one or more identical transportation equipment (due to transportation space limitations, each transportation stage usually has one transportation equipment);
- Each manufacturing equipment can only process one job at a time
- Each transport equipment can only transport one operation at a time
- Each workpiece can only be processed by one manufacturing equipment or one transportation equipment at a time;
- the processing stage is mainly composed of two types: continuous processing with variable parameters and intermittent processing with variable parameters;
- the waiting time before transportation and the waiting time before processing of the next stage are adjusted to ensure reasonable and efficient scheduling.
- the waiting time is fixed. [0,+ ⁇ ] can be adjusted within the domain.
- Step 2 Establish a time relationship network of workpiece/manufacturing equipment/transportation equipment
- Workpieces, manufacturing equipment, and transportation equipment will be in a variety of different states during the production process, and a variety of different time factors are used to represent the production process status of the workpiece, manufacturing equipment, and transportation equipment.
- the multiple time factors of the workpiece are: waiting time before transportation (T wt ), transportation time (T t ), waiting time before processing (T wp ), preparation time (T r ), processing time (T p ), adjustment time (T s ), when the processing stage is continuous processing with variable parameters, the waiting time before transportation and the waiting time before processing in the latter stage are both zero.
- the variable parameter is the adjustment time of this stage.
- the waiting time can be adjusted to arrange the scheduling plan reasonably;
- the multiple time factors of processing equipment are composed of: processing equipment interval time (T g ), preparation time (T r ), processing time (T p ), adjustment time (T s );
- Various time factors of transportation equipment are composed of: transportation equipment interval time (T tg ), preparation time (T r ).
- Step 3 Establish a mathematical model of the completion time of the mixed flow shop
- the mathematical model of completion time constructed is as follows:
- formula (1) is a mathematical model with completion time as the target, and formulas (2) to (10) are constraints.
- the formula (2) is the constraint of the variable waiting time before transportation
- the formula (3) is the constraint of the variable waiting time before processing
- the formula (4) is the constraint of the sequence relationship between the front and rear two workpieces on the same transportation equipment.
- the formula ( 5) is the constraint of the sequence relationship between the front and rear two workpieces on the same processing equipment
- formula (6) is the relationship between the two processing stages of the same workpiece
- formula (7) is the same workpiece when the current stage is continuous processing
- the relationship between the two stages of transportation before the two stages of transportation is the relationship between the two stages of transportation of the same workpiece when the current stage is continuous processing
- the formula (9) is the definition of the adjustment time for different types of processing stages
- the formula ( 10) is the constraint between the maximum and minimum values of the variable adjustment time parameter.
- Step 4 Establish a mathematical model of the processing quality of the mixed flow workshop
- the adjustment time is set as the variable parameter to achieve continuous processing.
- the continuous processing process such as heat treatment is mainly based on heating furnace equipment.
- the variable parameter adjustment time is the heating and holding time.
- the heating and holding time directly reflects the processing quality of the workpiece.
- the holding time is a value within the range of the process requirements, and the best holding time is between the minimum holding time and A value between the maximum holding time.
- the optimal holding time interval value is set within the holding time range required by the process, and the holding time interval is optimized to improve the heating quality of the forging, and the best holding
- the time interval value is expressed as:
- the quality model in production is as follows:
- Step 5 Build the multi-objective function of the hybrid flow shop scheduling model
- the multi-objective optimization scheduling model is established to optimize the scheduling from two aspects of efficiency and quality.
- the efficiency is reflected by the completion time, and the quality is reflected by the interval between the best heat preservation.
- the established multi-objective optimization equation is as follows:
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Abstract
Description
Claims (2)
- 一种具有可变参数连续加工与间歇加工的混合流水车间调度方法,其特征在于:该方法的实现过程如下,S1.工件/制造设备/运输设备的时间关系网工件的多种时间因素组成为:运输前等待时间T wt、运输时间T t、加工前等待时间T wp、准备时间T r、加工时间T p、调整时间T s,当加工阶段是可变参数连续加工时,后一阶段的运输前等待时间和加工前等待时间都为零,可变参数为该阶段的调整时间,当加工阶段是间歇加工时,可调整等待时间合理安排调度计划;加工设备的多种时间因素组成为:加工设备间隔时间T g、准备时间T r、加工时间T p、调整时间T s;运输设备的多种时间因素组成:运输设备间隔时间T tg、准备时间T r;S2.混合流水车间的完工时间模型考虑到该混合流水车间的加工阶段有两种类型:具有可变参数连续加工和间歇加工,构建的完工时间数学模型如下:s.t.tt yj<wt yj≤tt ij (4)et xj≤rt ij (5)et ij=st i(j+1) (6)et ij=st i(j+1)=tt i(j+1)(D j=0) (7)wt ij=rt ij(D j-1=0) (8)其中,公式(1)是以完工时间为目标的数学模型,公式(2)~(10)是约束条件;公式(2)是可变运输前等待时间的约束,公式(3)是可变加工前等待时间约束,公 式(4)是同一台运输设备上前后两个工件之间的先后关系约束,公式(5)是同一加工设备上前后两个工件之间的先后关系约束,公式(6)是同一工件的两个加工阶段之间的关系,公式(7)是当前一阶段是连续性加工时同一工件的两个阶段运输之前的关系,公式(8)是当前一阶段是连续性加工时同一工件的两个阶段运输之后的关系,公式(9)是对于不同加工阶段类型的调整时间定义,公式(10)是可变调整时间参数在最大与最小值之间的约束;S3.混合流水车间的加工质量模型对于该混合流水车间模型中具有可变参数的连续加工阶段,设定调整时间为可变参数来实现连续性的加工,在实际生产中,热处理连续加工过程以加热炉设备为主,该可变参数调整时间即为加热保温时间,该加热保温时间直接反应出了工件的加工质量,根据实际加工过程保温时间是一个在工艺要求范围内的数值,而最佳保温时间是在最小保温时间和最大保温时间之间的一个值,为保证加热后工件的质量最佳,在工艺要求的保温时间范围内设定最佳保温时间间隔值,优化保温时间间隔从而提高锻件的加热质量,最佳保温时间间隔值表示为:通过计算实际调度保温时间与最佳保温时间的均方误差,来反映工件实际保温时间和最佳保温时间之间差异程度,构建所有工件的最佳保温时间间隔的均方误差和,即该混合生产中的质量模型如下:S4.构建混合流水车间调度模型的多目标函数针对具有可变参数连续加工与间歇加工的混合流水车间调度模型的完工时间、质量模型,建立其多目标优化调度模型,从效率、质量两个方面进行调度优化;效率通过完工时间体现,质量通过最佳保温之间间隔来体现,建立的多目标优化方程如下:f=min(T,Q) (13)s.t.tt yj<wt yj≤tt ij (17)et xj≤rt ij (18)et ij=st i(j+1) (19)et ij=st i(j+1)=tt i(j+1)(D j=0) (20)wt ij=rt ij(D j-1=0) (21)在模型中采用的符号具体如下:
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有可变参数连续加工与间歇加工的混合流水车间调度方法,其特征在于:调度方法的基本要求如下,1)组成:原料储存区、成品储存区、m个加工阶段,m≥2;(m+1)个运输阶段;2)每个加工阶段具有一个或多个相同的制造设备;3)每个运输阶段具有一个或多个相同的运输设备,由于运输空间限制,每个运输阶段通常具有一个运输设备;4)制造过程考虑n个作业和在m个加工阶段处理,在(m+1)个运输阶段运输;5)每台制造设备一次只能处理一个作业;6)每台运输设备一次只能运输一个作业;7)每个工件每次只能有一台制造设备或一台运输设备处理;8)加工阶段主要由两种类型组成:具有可变参数的连续加工、具有可变参数间歇式加工;9)在具有可变参数的连续加工阶段中,要求在该阶段即将完成加工时,存 在一个在定义域[c,d]内的可变参数,在调度计划中调整该参数,以保证多种混合加工零件能够合理安排;10)在具有可变参数间歇式加工阶段中,要求在该阶段完成加工时,通过调整下一阶段的运输前等待时间和加工前等待时间,以保证合理高效的排产调度,等待时间在定域内[0,+∞]调整。
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CN113741369A (zh) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-03 | 福州大学 | 一种混合流水车间调度优化方法 |
CN114066065A (zh) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-02-18 | 福州大学 | 一种多目标混合零空闲置换流水车间调度方法及系统 |
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CN111932105B (zh) * | 2020-08-05 | 2024-02-06 | 万华化学(宁波)有限公司 | 一种间歇化工产品排产方法、存储介质和系统 |
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