WO2021098089A1 - 一种顶针式微冲量施加装置 - Google Patents

一种顶针式微冲量施加装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021098089A1
WO2021098089A1 PCT/CN2020/078737 CN2020078737W WO2021098089A1 WO 2021098089 A1 WO2021098089 A1 WO 2021098089A1 CN 2020078737 W CN2020078737 W CN 2020078737W WO 2021098089 A1 WO2021098089 A1 WO 2021098089A1
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Prior art keywords
thimble
center rod
impulse
center
type micro
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PCT/CN2020/078737
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王彬
朱洪斌
张永合
丁国鹏
陈昕
孙煜坤
王亚敏
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中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院
上海微小卫星工程中心
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Publication of WO2021098089A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021098089A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0052—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to impact

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of precision mechanics, in particular to a thimble type micro impulse applying device.
  • micro thrust and micro impulse are of great significance to fields including space propulsion and instrument manufacturing.
  • the traditional micro impulse test mechanism applies a small impulse to a blade pendulum device: the device often installs a force-sensitive sensor at the impact position. Specifically, the force-sensitive sensor is fixed to the swing arm, and the swing arm is pulled for a certain distance through a thin rope. After being released, due to the action of gravity, the swing arm will swing and knock the force-sensitive sensor onto the object to be measured. The force and time length of the percussion process can be output from the force-sensitive sensor, so as to obtain the change of the force acting on the measured object over time. By changing the initial swing angle of the swing arm, the magnitude of the impulse acting on the measured object can be adjusted.
  • the blade pendulum structure when used, the blade acts as a rotating shaft during swing, and the contact area with the support structure is relatively large. Problems such as small defects in the contact area are likely to cause large swing resistance, unstable output results, difficult adjustments, and inability to accurately adjust the magnitude of the impact-sensitive impulse.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a thimble-type micro-impulse application device to solve the problems of poor stability and large resistance of the existing micro-impulse application device.
  • the object of the present invention is also to provide a thimble-type micro-impulse application device to solve the problem that the existing micro-impulse application device cannot accurately adjust the size of the applied micro-impulse.
  • the present invention provides a thimble-type micro-impulse application device.
  • the thimble-type micro-impulse application device includes:
  • a center rod, the center rod is positioned vertically as a balance position
  • a transfer structure fixedly connects the center rod with the first thimble and the second thimble;
  • An impact part is installed at the bottom of the center rod;
  • the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat of which:
  • the first bearing seat has a first concave arc surface, and the needle tip of the first ejector pin contacts the first concave arc surface, so that the first ejector pin is placed on the first bearing housing ,
  • the point where the tip of the first thimble contacts the arc-shaped surface of the first pit is the first contact point;
  • the second bearing seat has a second concave arc surface, and the needle tip of the second thimble contacts the second concave arc surface, so that the second thimble is placed on the second bearing seat ,
  • the point where the tip of the second thimble contacts the arc-shaped surface of the second pit is the second contact point;
  • the first contact point and the second contact point are connected to form a horizontal line
  • the center rod can swing with the horizontal line as a rotation axis
  • the center rod and the structure driven to swing form a swing structure
  • the The center of gravity of the swing structure is lower than the horizontal line.
  • the center rod is pulled to make the center rod deviate from the equilibrium position about the rotation axis, and the angle between the center rod and the equilibrium position is given Determine the initial deflection angle;
  • the center rod is released so that the center rod starts to rotate under the action of gravity, and the center rod drives the impact part to hit the target.
  • the thimble-type micro-impulse application device further includes a counterweight mounted on a center rod, wherein:
  • the central rod has a thread
  • the counterweight is in the shape of a block with a threaded hole, and the counterweight and the center rod are connected by thread matching.
  • the counterweight changes its high and low position on the center rod through thread matching rotation, and changes the high and low position of the counterweight on the center rod by changing the height of the counterweight on the center rod.
  • the hardness of the material of the impact part is selected according to the time required to apply the impulse, and the material of the impact part is metal or rubber.
  • the impact part is provided with a force-sensitive sensor, and the force-sensitive sensor is used to measure the magnitude of the force of the impact part hitting the target, and the force over time. The change process and the time when the force is applied are calculated to obtain the magnitude of the impulse applied to the target by the impact part.
  • the materials of the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat are ruby material or quartz glass material, so as to reduce the first bearing seat when the center rod swings. Friction damping between the contact point and the second contact point.
  • the first thimble and the second thimble are respectively placed through the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat, and both the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat have a concave arc surface.
  • the tip of a thimble is in contact with the curved surface of the two pits, which realizes that the two thimbles are supported on the smooth and hard curved surface of the bearing seat.
  • the contact area is small, and the contact point between the tip of the needle and the curved surface of the pit in the swing No movement occurs.
  • point-to-surface contact replaces line-to-surface contact, achieving the effect of reducing frictional damping with a smaller contact area.
  • the counterweight can move up and down along the center rod to continuously adjust the position of the center of gravity of the swing structure; for a given initial deflection angle, by adjusting the position of the center of gravity, the initial restoring torque of the swing structure can be changed, thereby changing The angular velocity when it swings to the equilibrium position, that is, under a given initial deflection angle, the position of the center of gravity can be adjusted to apply different magnitudes of impulse to the target surface.
  • the present invention provides a thimble-type micro-impulse application device with adjustable center of gravity.
  • the thimble-type micro-impulse application device works stably and has very low resistance.
  • the device can be used to achieve precise adjustment of the applied impulse, and can be used for Apply work to the micro impulse of the target device.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thimble type micro-impulse applying device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the equilibrium position of the center rod of the thimble type micro impulse applying device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the unbalanced position of the center rod of the thimble type micro impulse applying device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the core idea of the present invention is to provide a thimble-type micro-impulse application device to solve the problems of poor stability and large resistance of the existing micro-impulse application device.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a thimble-type micro-impulse application device to solve the problem that the existing micro-impulse application device cannot accurately adjust the size of the applied micro-impulse.
  • the present invention provides a thimble-type micro-impulse application device.
  • the thimble-type micro-impulse application device includes: a center rod, the center rod is positioned at a vertical position as a balance position; a first thimble and a second thimble , The first thimble and the second thimble are distributed symmetrically about the center rod, and both the first thimble and the second thimble have a needle point;
  • the center rod is fixedly connected with the first thimble and the second thimble; an impact part, the impact part is installed at the bottom of the center rod; the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat, wherein: the first A bearing seat has a first concave arc surface, and the needle tip of the first ejector pin contacts the first concave arc surface, so that the first ejector pin is placed on the first bearing housing, the The point where the tip of the first thimble contacts the arc surface
  • the thimble-type micro-impulse application device includes: a central rod 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 2, the central rod 1 is positioned vertically Balance position; the first thimble 21 and the second thimble 22, the first thimble 21 and the second thimble 22 are distributed symmetrically about the center rod 1, the first thimble 21 and the second thimble 22 Each has a needle tip; an adapter structure 3 that fixes the center rod 1 with the first thimble 21 and the second thimble 22; the impact part 5, the impact part 5 is mounted on The bottom of the center rod 1; a first bearing seat 61 and a second bearing seat 62, wherein: the first bearing seat 61 has a first concave arc surface, the tip of the first thimble 21 and the first The arc-shaped surface of the pit is in contact so that the first ejector pin 21 is placed on the first bearing seat 61,
  • the center rod 1 is pulled to make the center rod 1 around the rotation axis (the point 8 where the rotation axis is shown in FIGS. 2 to 3).
  • the angle between the center rod 1 and the balance position is a given initial deflection angle ⁇ ; release the center rod 1 so that the center rod 1 starts to rotate due to gravity, the The center rod 1 drives the impact part 5 to hit the target.
  • the thimble-type micro-impulse application device further includes a counterweight 4 installed on the center rod 1, wherein the center rod 1, the first thimble 21, and the second thimble 22.
  • the adapter structure 3 and the impact part 5 form a swing structure with the counterweight 4, wherein: the central rod 1 has a thread; the counterweight 4 is a block with a threaded hole, so that the The center rod 1 passes through the hollow structure where the threaded hole is located, and the counterweight 4 and the center rod 1 are connected by thread matching; the center of gravity of the swing structure is lower than the horizontal line.
  • the counterweight 4 changes its high and low position on the center rod 1 through thread matching and rotation, and by changing the high and low position of the counterweight 4 on the center rod 1
  • the position 9 of the center of gravity of the swing structure when the given initial deflection angle ⁇ is determined, the closer the position 9 of the center of gravity is to the rotation axis (that is, the point 8 where the rotation axis is located), the smaller the restoring moment generated by gravity
  • the impulse applied to the target by the impact part 5 is smaller; the farther away the center of gravity 9 is from the rotation axis, the greater the restoring torque generated by gravity.
  • the impact part 5 applies to the target The greater the impulse of the target.
  • the hardness of the material of the impact part 5 is selected according to the time required to apply the impulse, and the material of the impact part 5 is metal or rubber.
  • the impact part 5 is provided with a force-sensitive sensor, and the force-sensitive sensor is used to measure the magnitude of the force of the impact part 5 hitting the target, the change process of the force with time, and the time when the force is applied.
  • the material of the first bearing seat 61 and the second bearing seat 62 is ruby material or quartz glass material to reduce when the center rod 1 swings, the needle tip and the concave arc surface contact end (the first contact point and The second contact point) friction damping.
  • the first thimble 21 and the second thimble 22 are respectively placed through the first bearing seat 61 and the second bearing seat 62, and the first bearing seat 61 and the second bearing seat 62 both have Concave arc surface, the tip of the two ejector pins contact with the arc surface of the recess, the two ejector pins are supported on the smooth and hard arc surface of the two bearing housings, the contact area is small, and the pin point and the arc of the recess are in swing The contact point between the shape surfaces does not move.
  • point-to-surface contact replaces line-to-surface contact, achieving the effect of reducing frictional damping with a smaller contact area.
  • the counterweight 4 can move up and down along the center rod 1, and can continuously adjust the position of the center of gravity of the swing structure 9; for a given initial deflection angle ⁇ is determined, by adjusting the position of the center of gravity 9, the initial position of the swing structure can be changed Restoring the torque, and then changing the angular velocity when swinging to the equilibrium position, that is, under a given initial deflection angle ⁇ , by adjusting the position of the center of gravity to apply different magnitudes of impulse to the target surface.
  • the present invention provides a thimble-type micro-impulse application device with adjustable center of gravity.
  • the thimble-type micro-impulse application device works stably and has very low resistance.
  • the device can be used to achieve precise adjustment of the applied impulse, and can be used for Apply work to the micro impulse of the target device.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments describe in detail the different configurations of the thimble-type micro-impulse applying device.
  • the present invention includes but is not limited to the configurations listed in the above-mentioned embodiments, and any configuration based on the above-mentioned embodiments is provided.
  • the content to be changed falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • Those skilled in the art can draw inferences based on the content of the foregoing embodiments.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)

Abstract

一种顶针式微冲量施加装置，包括：一中心杆（1），中心杆（1）以垂直放置的位置为平衡位置；两个顶针（21,22），两个顶针（21,22）以中心杆（1）为轴对称分布，顶针（21,22）具有针尖；一转接结构（3），转接结构（3）将中心杆（1）与两个顶针（21,22）固定连接；一冲击部（5），冲击部（5）安装在中心杆（1）下部；两个轴承座（61,62）具有凹坑弧形面，两个顶针（21,22）放置在轴承座（61,62）上，顶针（21,22）的针尖与凹坑弧形面接触；一支架（7），支架（7）用于水平放置两个轴承座（61,62）；顶针（21,22）的针尖与轴承座（61,62）的凹坑弧形面的两个接触点连接形成一水平线，中心杆（1）与其所带动摆动的整体结构的重心低于水平线，中心杆（1）能够以该水平线为转动轴进行摆动，接触面积小，实现降低摩擦阻尼的目的。配重块（4）通过螺纹匹配旋转改变其在中心杆（1）上的高低位置，以改变摆动结构的重心所在位置。

Description

一种顶针式微冲量施加装置 技术领域
本发明涉及精密力学技术领域，特别涉及一种顶针式微冲量施加装置。
背景技术
微推力及微冲量的施加及精确测量对包括航天推进、仪器设备制造等领域有重要意义。
传统的对微冲量测试机构施加微小冲量较多使用刀锋摆装置：该装置常在撞击位置安装力敏传感器。具体的将力敏传感器与摆臂固定，通过细绳将摆臂拉动一定距离，放开后由于重力的作用，摆臂将带动力敏传感器摆动敲击到被测物上。敲击过程的力与时间长度可以从力敏传感器输出，从而得到作用在被测物上的力随时间变化情况。通过改变摆臂初始摆角，可以调节作用在被测物上的冲量大小。然而，使用刀锋摆结构时，摆动时刀锋作为转轴，与支撑结构的接触面积较大。接触区域的微小缺陷等问题容易造成摆动阻力大，输出结果不稳定，调节困难，无法精确调节冲击力敏冲量大小。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种顶针式微冲量施加装置，以解决现有的微冲量施加装置稳定性差，阻力大的问题。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种顶针式微冲量施加装置，以解决现有的微冲量施加装置无法精确调节施加微冲量大小的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种顶针式微冲量施加装置，所述顶针式微冲量施加装置包括：
一中心杆，所述中心杆以垂直放置的位置为平衡位置；
第一顶针与第二顶针，所述第一顶针与所述第二顶针以所述中心杆为轴对称分布，所述第一顶针和所述第二顶针均具有一针尖；
一转接结构，所述转接结构将所述中心杆与所述第一顶针和所述第二顶针固定连接；
一冲击部，所述冲击部安装在所述中心杆的底部；
第一轴承座与第二轴承座，其中：
所述第一轴承座具有第一凹坑弧形面，所述第一顶针的针尖与所述第一凹坑弧形面接触，以使所述第一顶针放置于所述第一轴承座上，所述第一顶针的针尖与所述第一凹坑弧形面接触处为第一接触点；
所述第二轴承座具有第二凹坑弧形面，所述第二顶针的针尖与所述第二凹坑弧形面接触，以使所述第二顶针放置于所述第二轴承座上，所述第二顶针的针尖与所述第二凹坑弧形面接触处为第二接触点；
一支架，所述支架用于水平放置所述第一轴承座与所述第二轴承座；
所述第一接触点与所述第二接触点连接形成一水平线，所述中心杆能够以所述水平线为转动轴进行摆动，所述中心杆与其所带动摆动的结构形成一摆动结构，所述摆动结构的重心低于所述水平线。
可选的，在所述的顶针式微冲量施加装置中，拉动所述中心杆，使所述中心杆绕所述转动轴偏离所述平衡位置，所述中心杆与所述平衡位置的角度为给定初始偏转角；
释放所述中心杆，以使所述中心杆受到重力的作用开始转动，所述中心杆带动所述冲击部敲击到目标上。
可选的，在所述的顶针式微冲量施加装置中，所述顶针式微冲量施加装置还包括安装在中心杆上的配重块，其中：
所述中心杆上具有螺纹；
所述配重块为具有螺纹孔的块状，所述配重块与所述中心杆通过螺纹匹配进行连接。
可选的，在所述的顶针式微冲量施加装置中，所述配重块通过螺纹匹配旋转改变其在中心杆上的高低位置，通过改变所述配重块在中心杆上的高低位置，改变所述摆动结构的重心所在位置；
当所述给定初始偏转角被确定时，所述重心所在位置越靠近所述转动轴，重力产生的恢复力矩越小，敲击时，所述冲击部施加给目标的冲量越小；
当所述给定初始偏转角被确定时，所述重心所在位置越远离所述转动轴，重力产生的恢复力矩越大，敲击时，所述冲击部施加给目标的冲量越大。
可选的，在所述的顶针式微冲量施加装置中，根据冲量需要施加的时间，选择所述冲击部的材料的硬度，所述冲击部的材料为金属或橡胶。
可选的，在所述的顶针式微冲量施加装置中，所述冲击部上具有力敏传感器，所述力敏传感器用于测量所述冲击部敲击目标的力的大小、该力随时间的变化过程与该力施加的时间，计算得到所述冲击部施加给目标的冲量的大小。
可选的，在所述的顶针式微冲量施加装置中，所述第一轴承座和所述第二轴承座的材料为红宝石材质或石英玻璃材质，以降低所述中心杆摆动时所述第一接触点和所述第二接触点的摩擦阻尼。
在本发明提供的顶针式微冲量施加装置中，通过第一轴承座和第二轴承座分别放置第一顶针和第二顶针，第一轴承座和第二轴承座均具有凹坑弧形面，两个顶针的针尖与两个凹坑弧形面接触，实现了用两个顶针支撑在轴承座的光滑坚硬弧面上，接触面积小，且摆动中针尖与凹坑弧形面之间的接触点不发生移动。相比于传统轴承结构，点面接触代替了线面接触，以较少接触面积实现了降低摩擦阻尼的效果。
进一步的，配重块可沿中心杆上下移动，可连续调节摆动结构的重心所在位置；对于给定初始偏转角确定的情况，通过调整重心所在位置，可改变摆动结构的初始恢复力矩，进而改变摆动到平衡位置时的角速度，即可以在一定给定初始偏转角下，通过调整重心所在位置来对目标表面施加不同大小的冲量。
综上所述，本发明提供的一种重心可调的顶针式微冲量施加装置，所述顶针式微冲量施加装置工作稳定，阻力极小，利用该装置可实现对施加冲量的精密调节，能够用于对目标装置的微冲量施加工作。
附图说明
图1是本发明一实施例的顶针式微冲量施加装置结构示意图；
图2是本发明另一实施例的顶针式微冲量施加装置中心杆平衡位置原理示意图；
图3是本发明另一实施例的顶针式微冲量施加装置中心杆不平衡位置原理示意图；
图中所示：1-中心杆；21-第一顶针；22-第二顶针；3-转接结构；4-配重块；5-冲击部；61-第一轴承座；62-第二轴承座；7-支架；8-转轴所在点；9-重心所在位置。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明提出的顶针式微冲量施加装置作进一步详细说明。根据下面说明和权利要求书，本发明的优点和特征将更清楚。需说明的是，附图均采用非常简化的形式且均使用非精准的比例，仅用以方便、明晰地辅助说明本发明实施例的目的。
本发明的核心思想在于提供一种顶针式微冲量施加装置，以解决现有的微冲量施加装置稳定性差，阻力大的问题。
本发明的目的在于提供一种顶针式微冲量施加装置，以解决现有的微冲量施加装置无法精确调节施加微冲量大小的问题。
为实现上述思想，本发明提供了一种顶针式微冲量施加装置，所述顶针式微冲量施加装置包括：一中心杆，所述中心杆以垂直放置的位置为平衡位置；第一顶针与第二顶针，所述第一顶针与所述第二顶针以所述中心杆为轴对称分布，所述第一顶针和所述第二顶针均具有一针尖；一转接结构，所述转接结构将所述中心杆与所述第一顶针和所述第二顶针固定连接；一冲击部，所述冲击部安装在所述中心杆的底部；第一轴承座与第二轴承座，其中：所述第一轴承座具有第一凹坑弧形面，所述第一顶针的针尖与所述第一凹坑弧形面接触，以使所述第一顶针放置于所述第一轴承座上，所述第一顶针的针尖与所述第一凹坑弧形面接触处为第一接触点；所述第 二轴承座具有第二凹坑弧形面，所述第二顶针的针尖与所述第二凹坑弧形面接触，以使所述第二顶针放置于所述第二轴承座上，所述第二顶针的针尖与所述第二凹坑弧形面接触处为第二接触点；一支架，所述支架用于水平放置所述第一轴承座与所述第二轴承座；所述第一接触点与所述第二接触点连接形成一水平线，所述中心杆能够以所述水平线为转动轴进行摆动，所述中心杆与其所带动摆动的结构形成一摆动结构，所述摆动结构的重心低于所述水平线。
<实施例一>
本实施例提供一种顶针式微冲量施加装置，如图1所示，所述顶针式微冲量施加装置包括：中心杆1，如图1～2所示，所述中心杆1以垂直放置的位置为平衡位置；第一顶针21和第二顶针22，所述第一顶针21和所述第二顶针22以所述中心杆1为轴对称分布，所述第一顶针21和所述第二顶针22均具有一针尖；转接结构3，所述转接结构3将所述中心杆1与所述第一顶针21和所述第二顶针22固定连接；冲击部5，所述冲击部5安装在所述中心杆1底部；第一轴承座61和第二轴承座62，其中：所述第一轴承座61具有第一凹坑弧形面，所述第一顶针21的针尖与所述第一凹坑弧形面接触，以使所述第一顶针21放置于所述第一轴承座61上，所述第一顶针21的针尖与所述第一凹坑弧形面接触处为第一接触点；所述第二轴承座62具有第二凹坑弧形面，所述第二顶针22的针尖与所述第二凹坑弧形面接触，以使所述第二顶针22放置于所述第二轴承座62上，所述第二顶针22的针尖与所述第二凹坑弧形面接触处为第二接触点；支架7，所述支架7用于水平放置第一轴承座61和第二轴承座62；所述第一接触点与所述第二接触点连接形成一水平线，所述中心杆1能够以所述水平线为转动轴进行摆动，所述中心杆1与其所带动摆动的结构形成一摆动结构(图1中的中心杆1、第一顶针21、第二顶针22、转接结构3和冲击部5一起构成了摆动结构)，所述摆动结构的重心低于所述水平线，这可以使整个摆动结构虽然只有两点(第一接触点和第二接触点)支撑，但可以保持平衡，所述水平线与所述中心杆相交的点为图2～3所示的转轴所在点8。
具体的，在所述的顶针式微冲量施加装置中，如图3所示，拉动所述 中心杆1，使所述中心杆1绕所述转动轴(图2～3所示的转轴所在点8)偏离所述平衡位置，所述中心杆1与所述平衡位置的角度为给定初始偏转角θ；释放所述中心杆1，以使所述中心杆1由于重力的作用开始转动，所述中心杆1带动所述冲击部5敲击到目标上。
进一步的，在所述的顶针式微冲量施加装置中，所述顶针式微冲量施加装置还包括安装在中心杆1上的配重块4，其中所述中心杆1、第一顶针21、第二顶针22、转接结构3和冲击部5一起与所述配重块4构成摆动结构，其中：所述中心杆1上具有螺纹；所述配重块4为具有螺纹孔的块状，使所述中心杆1穿过螺纹孔所在的中空结构，所述配重块4与所述中心杆1通过螺纹匹配进行连接；所述摆动结构的重心低于所述水平线。在所述的顶针式微冲量施加装置中，所述配重块4通过螺纹匹配旋转改变其在中心杆1上的高低位置，通过改变所述配重块4在中心杆1上的高低位置，改变所述摆动结构的重心所在位置9；当所述给定初始偏转角θ被确定时，所述重心所在位置9越靠近所述转动轴(即转轴所在点8)，重力产生的恢复力矩越小，敲击时，所述冲击部5施加给目标的冲量越小；所述重心所在位置9越远离所述转动轴，重力产生的恢复力矩越大，敲击时，所述冲击部5施加给目标的冲量越大。
另外，在所述的顶针式微冲量施加装置中，根据冲量需要施加的时间，选择所述冲击部5的材料的硬度，所述冲击部5的材料为金属或橡胶。所述冲击部5上具有力敏传感器，所述力敏传感器用于测量所述冲击部5敲击目标的力的大小、该力随时间的变化过程与该力施加的时间，计算得到所述冲击部5施加给目标的冲量的大小。第一轴承座61和第二轴承座62的材料为红宝石材质或石英玻璃材质，以降低所述中心杆1摆动时，所述针尖与所述凹坑弧形面接触端(第一接触点和第二接触点)的摩擦阻尼。
在本发明提供的顶针式微冲量施加装置中，通过第一轴承座61和第二轴承座62分别放置第一顶针21和第二顶针22，而第一轴承座61和第二轴承座62均具有凹坑弧形面，两个顶针的针尖与凹坑弧形面接触，实现了用两个顶针支撑在两个轴承座的光滑坚硬弧面上，接触面积小，且摆动中针尖与凹坑弧形面之间的接触点不发生移动。相比于传统轴承结构，点面 接触代替了线面接触，以较少接触面积实现了降低摩擦阻尼的效果。
进一步的，配重块4可沿中心杆1上下移动，可连续调节摆动结构的重心所在位置9；对于给定初始偏转角θ确定的情况，通过调整重心所在位置9，可改变摆动结构的初始恢复力矩，进而改变摆动到平衡位置时的角速度，即可以在一定给定初始偏转角θ下，通过调整重心所在位置来对目标表面施加不同大小的冲量。
综上所述，本发明提供的一种重心可调的顶针式微冲量施加装置，所述顶针式微冲量施加装置工作稳定，阻力极小，利用该装置可实现对施加冲量的精密调节，能够用于对目标装置的微冲量施加工作。
综上，上述实施例对顶针式微冲量施加装置的不同构型进行了详细说明，当然，本发明包括但不局限于上述实施中所列举的构型，任何在上述实施例提供的构型基础上进行变换的内容，均属于本发明所保护的范围。本领域技术人员可以根据上述实施例的内容举一反三。
上述描述仅是对本发明较佳实施例的描述，并非对本发明范围的任何限定，本发明领域的普通技术人员根据上述揭示内容做的任何变更、修饰，均属于权利要求书的保护范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种顶针式微冲量施加装置，其特征在于，所述顶针式微冲量施加装置包括：
    一中心杆，所述中心杆以垂直放置的位置为平衡位置；
    第一顶针与第二顶针，所述第一顶针与所述第二顶针以所述中心杆为轴对称分布，所述第一顶针和所述第二顶针均具有一针尖；
    一转接结构，所述转接结构将所述中心杆与所述第一顶针和所述第二顶针固定连接；
    一冲击部，所述冲击部安装在所述中心杆的底部；
    第一轴承座与第二轴承座，其中：
    所述第一轴承座具有第一凹坑弧形面，所述第一顶针的针尖与所述第一凹坑弧形面接触，以使所述第一顶针放置于所述第一轴承座上，所述第一顶针的针尖与所述第一凹坑弧形面接触处为第一接触点；
    所述第二轴承座具有第二凹坑弧形面，所述第二顶针的针尖与所述第二凹坑弧形面接触，以使所述第二顶针放置于所述第二轴承座上，所述第二顶针的针尖与所述第二凹坑弧形面接触处为第二接触点；
    一支架，所述支架用于水平放置所述第一轴承座与所述第二轴承座；
    所述第一接触点与所述第二接触点连接形成一水平线，所述中心杆能够以所述水平线为转动轴进行摆动，所述中心杆与其所带动摆动的结构形成一摆动结构，所述摆动结构的重心低于所述水平线。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的顶针式微冲量施加装置，其特征在于，拉动所述中心杆，使所述中心杆绕所述转动轴偏离所述平衡位置，所述中心杆与所述平衡位置的角度为给定初始偏转角；
    释放所述中心杆，以使所述中心杆受到重力的作用开始转动，所述中心杆带动所述冲击部敲击到目标上。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的顶针式微冲量施加装置，其特征在于，所述顶针式微冲量施加装置还包括安装在中心杆上的配重块，其中：
    所述中心杆上具有螺纹；
    所述配重块为具有螺纹孔的块状，所述配重块与所述中心杆通过螺纹 匹配进行连接。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的顶针式微冲量施加装置，其特征在于，所述配重块通过螺纹匹配旋转改变其在中心杆上的高低位置，通过改变所述配重块在中心杆上的高低位置，改变所述摆动结构的重心所在位置；
    当所述给定初始偏转角被确定时，所述重心所在位置越靠近所述转动轴，重力产生的恢复力矩越小，敲击时，所述冲击部施加给目标的冲量越小；
    当所述给定初始偏转角被确定时，所述重心所在位置越远离所述转动轴，重力产生的恢复力矩越大，敲击时，所述冲击部施加给目标的冲量越大。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的顶针式微冲量施加装置，其特征在于，根据冲量需要施加的时间，选择所述冲击部的材料的硬度，所述冲击部的材料为金属或橡胶。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的顶针式微冲量施加装置，其特征在于，所述冲击部上具有力敏传感器，所述力敏传感器用于测量所述冲击部敲击目标的力的大小、该力随时间的变化过程与该力施加的时间，计算得到所述冲击部施加给目标的冲量的大小。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的顶针式微冲量施加装置，其特征在于，所述第一轴承座和所述第二轴承座的材料为红宝石材质或石英玻璃材质，以降低所述中心杆摆动时所述第一接触点和所述第二接触点的摩擦阻尼。
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