WO2021088931A1 - 一种发声装置和电子终端 - Google Patents

一种发声装置和电子终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021088931A1
WO2021088931A1 PCT/CN2020/126815 CN2020126815W WO2021088931A1 WO 2021088931 A1 WO2021088931 A1 WO 2021088931A1 CN 2020126815 W CN2020126815 W CN 2020126815W WO 2021088931 A1 WO2021088931 A1 WO 2021088931A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voice coil
centering
group
sounding device
connecting portion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/126815
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨健斌
强寿松
刘春发
Original Assignee
歌尔股份有限公司
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Application filed by 歌尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔股份有限公司
Priority to US17/773,167 priority Critical patent/US20240155294A1/en
Publication of WO2021088931A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021088931A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/041—Centering
    • H04R9/043—Inner suspension or damper, e.g. spider
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2869—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
    • H04R1/2873—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/041—Centering

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electroacoustic technology, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a sound generating device and an electronic terminal.
  • the speaker is a basic sound unit that converts electrical signals into acoustic signals.
  • the centering support piece is a component that adjusts the vibration direction of the diaphragm in the speaker. Its function is to suppress the polarization of the diaphragm through a mechanical restoring force, and its function is relatively single.
  • the voice coil wire is connected to the terminal through the brocade wire, so as to realize the electrical signal input of the voice coil.
  • voice coil brocade is one of the main factors hindering the reduction of loudspeaker products. Because the voice coil brocade wire needs to vibrate with the voice coil during the working process of the speaker, if you want to keep the brocade wire in order, you need to provide a certain space for the vibration of the brocade wire. In this case, the miniaturization of speaker products is limited.
  • the diaphragm cannot avoid the polarization phenomenon, which has a great influence on the sound performance of the loudspeaker.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a sound generating device that solves the problems caused by the polarization of the existing speaker diaphragm and the use of brocade wire for electrification.
  • a sounding device including:
  • a voice coil includes a frame and a voice coil body wound on the outer side of the frame; the voice coil is configured to be able to pass electrical signals;
  • a first centering branch group and a second centering branch group includes a first connecting portion connected to the voice coil, a second connecting portion fixed to the sound device, and a connection An elastic portion between the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion;
  • the first centering branch group is configured to be in electrical communication with the voice coil to input electrical signals to the voice coil;
  • the first centering branch group and the second centering branch group are fixed in parallel at different height positions of the voice coil.
  • the first centering branch group is connected to the voice coil body, and the second centering branch group is connected to the frame.
  • the first centering piece group is arranged on the side surface of the voice coil body close to the end surface thereof; or, the first centering piece group is arranged on the end surface of the voice coil body.
  • the first centering branch group is connected to the frame, and the second centering branch group is connected to the voice coil body.
  • a conducting member for electrically conducting with the first centering branch group is provided on the skeleton or the voice coil body.
  • the conductive member is a pad
  • the first centering support piece group is welded and fixed to the pad
  • the second centering support piece group passes through the frame or the voice coil body Colloidal fixation.
  • a bending structure protruding from a side surface of the voice coil is provided on the pad, and the bending structure is configured to position the first centering branch group.
  • the centering splint group has a split structure and includes at least two centering splints; the centering splint includes the first connecting portion, the second connecting portion, and the The elastic part between the first connecting part and the second connecting part.
  • each of the first centering segment group and the second centering segment group includes four centering segments, which are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the voice coil.
  • the first connecting portions of two adjacent centering splints in the centering splint group are connected to each other to form a connecting bridge, and the first connecting parts of the other two centering splints are connected to each other to form a connecting bridge;
  • the centering branch group is connected with the voice coil through the connecting bridge.
  • the second connecting portion is a hook structure
  • a hanging post is provided in the sounding device
  • the hook structure is sleeved on the hanging post.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a magnetic conductive member, a magnet is arranged in the magnetic conductive member, and the voice coil is arranged in the magnetic conductive member and is subjected to the magnetic field of the magnet; and the magnetic conductive member is arranged on the magnetic conductive member.
  • a magnetic conductive member There is an escape groove, and after the first centering branch group is connected with the voice coil body, it passes through the escape groove and is fixed on the sound generating device.
  • the elastic part has a planar structure and is integrally wound by a metal wire.
  • the resonance frequency F0 of the sound emitting device is 50-300 Hz.
  • the total harmonic distortion THD of the sound generating device is less than 10%.
  • the sound emitting device is a circular sound emitting device or a square sound emitting device.
  • the sound generating device is a large bass or midrange sound generating device.
  • An electronic terminal includes the above-mentioned sound emitting device.
  • the electronic terminal is a car audio or sound box.
  • the beneficial effect of the technical solution of the present invention is that the first centering piece group is provided in the sound generating device, which can input electrical signals into the voice coil, and the second centering piece group is provided to realize the function of adjusting the vibration of the voice coil.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a first centering branch group and a second centering branch group according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sounding device after installing two sets of centering pieces according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is an impedance curve diagram of a sound generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional sound generating device;
  • Fig. 4 is a distortion curve diagram of a sound emitting device and a conventional sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • the labels in the figure are as follows: 1-voice coil; 11-skeleton; 12-voice coil body; 2-first centering piece group; 21-first connection part; 22-second connection part; 23-elastic part; 3 -The second centering support piece group; 31-the first connection part; 32-the second connection part; 33-the elastic part; 4-the hanging post.
  • the traditional centering branch is ring-shaped, which is arranged in a wave structure along the radial direction, usually made of conex, blended fabric, cloth and other materials.
  • the compliance Cms of the centering branch is poor, that is, The mechanical stiffness Kms is large (Kms and Cms are reciprocal to each other), and the symmetry of compliance is poor.
  • This makes the resonant frequency F0 of the loudspeaker larger, and a larger F0 will cause the bass sensitivity of the loudspeaker product to deteriorate, which reduces the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker and greatly affects the user experience.
  • the present invention provides a sounding device.
  • a sounding device including:
  • a voice coil includes a frame and a voice coil body wound on the outer side of the frame; the voice coil is configured to be able to pass electrical signals;
  • a first centering branch group and a second centering branch group includes a first connecting portion connected to the voice coil, a second connecting portion fixed to the sound device, and a connection An elastic portion between the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion;
  • the first centering branch group is configured to be in electrical communication with the voice coil to input electrical signals to the voice coil;
  • the first centering branch group and the second centering branch group are fixed in parallel at different height positions of the voice coil.
  • the above-mentioned sound generating device includes a voice coil 1.
  • the voice coil is a composite structure, and includes a cylindrical frame 11 and a voice coil body 12 wound on the outside of the frame.
  • the frame provides support for the voice coil body, and the voice coil body may be a coil capable of passing electrical signals.
  • the sound generating device also includes a magnetic circuit system, and the voice coil is arranged in the magnetic circuit system and is subjected to the magnetic force of the magnetic field.
  • the voice coil vibrates under the action of a magnetic field, thereby driving the diaphragm connected to it to vibrate.
  • the vibration of the diaphragm causes the air particles around it to move, thereby producing sound.
  • the sound generating device also includes a first centering piece group 2 and a second centering piece group 3.
  • the first centering piece group has a first connecting portion 21 connected to the voice coil, a second connecting portion 22 fixed to the sounding device, and an elasticity 23 connected between the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion; similarly,
  • the second centering piece group 3 has a first connecting portion 31 connected to the voice coil, a second connecting portion 32 fixed to the sounding device, and an elastic 33 connected between the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion.
  • the first centering piece group is used to pass electrical signals into the voice coil to make the voice coil vibrate under the magnetic force of the magnetic field.
  • the first centering piece group and the second centering piece group are connected to different heights of the circular tube-shaped voice coil.
  • the first centering branch group is connected to the frame, and the second centering branch group is connected to the voice coil body, so that the two centering branch groups are staggered in the height direction of the voice coil, forming two groups with different functions The centering piece group.
  • the first centering branch group is connected to the voice coil body, and the second centering branch group is connected to the frame.
  • an external lead is drawn from the voice coil body to connect with the first centering branch group, so that the first centering branch group is electrically connected to the voice coil.
  • the external lead of the voice coil body is connected to the first connecting portion of the first centering branch group.
  • the first centering piece group is arranged on the side surface of the voice coil body close to the end surface thereof; or, the first centering piece group is arranged on the end surface of the voice coil body.
  • the wire end of the coil can be reserved on the end surface of the voice coil body or the side surface close to the end surface.
  • the first centering branch group can be directly connected to the wire end of the coil, which avoids separately setting the electrical connection line between the first centering branch group and the voice coil body.
  • it can avoid that the thread of the voice coil body is routed on the side of the voice coil, which reduces the winding complexity of the voice coil body.
  • the first centering branch group is connected to the frame, and the second centering branch group is connected to the voice coil body.
  • the lead wire can be extended from the voice coil body to the mounting position on the frame corresponding to the first centering branch group, so that the voice coil body and the first centering branch group are electrically connected.
  • a conducting member for electrically conducting with the first centering branch group is provided on the skeleton or the voice coil body.
  • the electrical connection between the first centering support piece group and the voice coil body can be realized by the conductive member.
  • the conductive member is a pad
  • the first centering support piece group is welded and fixed to the pad
  • the second centering support piece group passes through the frame or the voice coil body Colloidal fixation.
  • the first connecting portion of the first centering support piece group is welded and fixed to the pad to form an electrical connection
  • the lead wire extends from the voice coil body to be welded and fixed to the pad, thus forming the first centering support.
  • the second centering brace group is fixed to the frame or the voice coil body through the first connecting portion.
  • an adhesive may be used to bond and fix the second centering piece group with the frame or the voice coil body.
  • the fixing method is simple to operate and has a good fixing effect.
  • a bending structure protruding from a side surface of the voice coil is provided on the pad, and the bending structure is configured to position the first centering branch group.
  • the bending structure may have a slot for buckling the first connecting portion of the first centering branch group, and the first connecting portion is caught in the slot during use to realize the connection between the first connecting portion and the pad.
  • the bending structure may be a snap ring with an axis parallel to the side surface of the voice coil. When in use, the first connecting portion passes through the snap ring to achieve a fixed connection with the pad.
  • a bending structure for positioning the first centering branch group is arranged on the pad, and the dual functions of pad positioning and conduction are realized at the same time. Moreover, the use of the bending structure for positioning has the advantages of simple structure and reliable positioning.
  • the centering splint group has a split structure and includes at least two centering splints; the centering splint includes the first connecting portion, the second connecting portion, and the The elastic part between the first connecting part and the second connecting part.
  • the centering support piece group includes two centering support pieces, as a preferred embodiment, the line connecting the two centering support pieces that are arranged in the circumferential direction of the voice coil passes through the center of the voice coil. At this time, the two centering branches have a good centering effect on the voice coil, and at the same time have a better adjustment effect on the polarization of the voice coil.
  • the centering support piece group may further include three centering support pieces, and the three centering support pieces are evenly arranged along the circumference of the voice coil to form a stable support for the voice coil.
  • the first centering splint group and the second centering splint group have different numbers of centering splints.
  • the main function of the first centering branch group is to transmit electrical signals to the voice coil, and the function of the second centering branch group is to center and adjust vibration.
  • An optional implementation is the first centering
  • the number of centering branches of the branch group is less than the number of centering branches of the second centering branch group. This setting method can not only realize the respective functions of the two centering brace groups, but also can reduce the structural complexity in the sound generating device and reduce the cost of the centering brace.
  • each of the first centering segment group and the second centering segment group includes four centering segments, which are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the voice coil.
  • the first connecting portions of two adjacent centering splints in the centering splint group are connected to each other to form a connecting bridge, and the first connecting parts of the other two centering splints are connected to each other to form a connecting bridge;
  • the connecting bridge has an arc structure or a convex structure. After the centering piece set is installed, the arc structure or the convex structure fits the side of the voice coil and occupies a certain arc in the circumferential direction of the voice coil.
  • the central angle corresponding to the radian may be 30° or 60°. This structure is conducive to the formation of a more stable support for the voice coil by the centering support piece group.
  • the centering branch group is connected with the voice coil through the connecting bridge.
  • the connecting bridge can be glued and fixed with the side of the voice coil, or a pad can be provided on the side of the voice coil, and the connecting bridge and the pad can be welded and fixed.
  • the second connecting portion of the centering support piece forms a hook structure
  • a hanging column 4 is provided in the sound generating device
  • the hook structure is sleeved on the hanging column.
  • the centering support piece is fixed on the hanging column through the hook structure.
  • a hanging loop is provided in the sounding device, and the hook structure can also be hooked on the hanging loop in the sounding device.
  • the number of bending turns of the hook structure may be one or at least two turns.
  • the at least two turns of the hook structure are perpendicular in the vertical direction.
  • the projections overlap. Increasing the number of bending turns of the hook structure is beneficial to stably fix the centering support piece on the sounding device.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a magnetic conductive member, a magnet is arranged in the magnetic conductive member, and the voice coil is arranged in the magnetic conductive member and is subjected to the magnetic field of the magnet; and the magnetic conductive member is arranged on the magnetic conductive member.
  • the magnetic conductive member is a U iron.
  • the sound generating device includes a housing, the hanging post is arranged on the housing, and the centering support piece is connected to the hanging post of the housing after passing through the avoiding groove.
  • the elastic part has a planar structure and is integrally wound by a metal wire.
  • the elastic portion is a flat structure formed by bending and winding a metal wire, and the flat structure has a plurality of bending structures, similar to a flat spring structure.
  • the metal plane spring structure has good compliance and can be used as a centering support piece of a sounding device to adjust the vibration of the voice coil.
  • the sounding device has good acoustic performance.
  • the fatigue performance of the metal material is good, and fatigue damage is not easy to occur during the working process of the sound generating device, which can effectively prolong the service life of the sound generating device.
  • the centering support piece with a planar structure can be used for energizing the voice coil, replacing the existing brocade wire.
  • the planar structure can reduce the installation space inside the sound device, reduce the overall height of the sound device, and make the sound device tend to be miniaturized.
  • the resonance frequency F0 of the sound emitting device is 50-300 Hz.
  • the resonant frequency F0 is an important parameter that affects the low-frequency performance of the sound device, and its calculation formula is as follows:
  • Kms and Mms are two factors that affect F0.
  • the resonant frequency F0 is reduced by increasing the equivalent mass of the sound generating device, it will not only violate the principle of lightening the product, but also adversely affect the other performance of the sound generating device.
  • the resonance frequency F0 is limited to the range of 50-300 Hz
  • the sound generating device can obtain good low frequency acoustic performance, and at the same time, the product manufacturing cost of the sound generating device and the relationship between other performance and low frequency acoustic performance can be balanced.
  • the impedance of the sound generating device (curve c) using the existing centering support piece (curve b) and the above-mentioned centering support piece is tested, and the result is shown in FIG. 3. It can be seen from the figure that using the traditional centering support piece, the detected resonance frequency F0 of the sound generating device is about 195 Hz. Using the above-mentioned centering support piece to replace the existing centering support piece, it is measured that the resonance frequency F0 of the sound device is about 170 Hz. It can be seen from the test results that using the centering support piece as the centering support piece of the sounding device can significantly reduce the resonance frequency F0 of the sounding device, increase the bass sensitivity, and improve the acoustic performance of the sounding device.
  • the total harmonic distortion THD is a parameter that reflects the sound reproduction degree of the sounding device. The larger the value, the more serious the sound distortion of the sounding device, and the worse the listening effect of the sounding device. Therefore, in order to obtain a good sense of hearing, the sound generating device is required to have a smaller total harmonic distortion THD.
  • the total harmonic distortion THD of the existing centering support piece (curve b) and the above-mentioned centering support piece (curve c) is tested, and the result is shown in Fig. 4 .
  • the centering support piece of the present invention as the centering support piece of the sound generating device can significantly improve the sound reproduction and improve the listening effect of the sound generating device.
  • the total harmonic distortion THD of the sound generating device is less than 10%.
  • limiting the total harmonic distortion THD of the sounding device to less than 10% can ensure that the sound distortion of the sounding device is small, and the user can obtain a better listening effect.
  • the total harmonic distortion THD of the sound emitting device is limited to less than 2.5%.
  • the total harmonic distortion THD of the sound emitting device is limited to less than 2%.
  • the first centering support group can replace the traditional brocade wire, and is used to pass electrical signals into the voice coil.
  • the first centering support group can play a centering role on the one hand, and can also play a role of current transmission on the other hand, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the sound device.
  • the second centering branch group plays the role of centering the voice coil and adjusting the vibration of the voice coil.
  • adding a second centering branch group can realize the functions of conduction, vibration adjustment and stable centering at the same time, which has an important contribution to the miniaturization of the sounding device, and at the same time, it also contributes to the acoustic performance of the sounding device. It has obvious improvement effect.
  • the sound generating device is a large bass or midrange sound generating device.
  • the above-mentioned sound emitting device can be installed in a sound box, and the number of sound emitting devices can be set to two, or one sound emitting device and the other as a tweeter, which is not limited by the present invention.
  • the above-mentioned sound emitting device can be used as a car speaker.
  • the above-mentioned sound generating device can also be used in other equipment, and the present invention does not limit this one by one.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic terminal including the above-mentioned sound emitting device.
  • the electronic terminal may be a car audio or sound box.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种发声装置和电子终端，发声装置包括：音圈，所述音圈包括骨架以及绕制在所述骨架外侧的音圈本体上；所述音圈被配置为能够通入电信号；第一定心支片组和第二定心支片组，所述的定心支片组包括与所述音圈连接的第一连接部、与所述发声装置固定的第二连接部以及连接于所述第一连接部和第二连接部之间的弹性部；所述第一定心支片组被配置为与所述音圈电连通以向所述音圈输入电信号；所述第一定心支片组和所述第二定心支片组平行固定在所述音圈的不同高度位置处。在发声装置中设置第一定心支片组，可以向音圈中输入电信号，设置第二定心支片组实现对音圈的振动调节功能。

Description

一种发声装置和电子终端 技术领域
本发明涉及电声技术领域，更具体地，本发明涉及一种发声装置和电子终端。
背景技术
扬声器是一种将电信号转换为声信号的基本发声单元。定心支片是扬声器中调节振膜振动方向的组件，其作用是通过机械回复力抑制振膜的偏振，功能较为单一。普通扬声器中，音圈线是通过锦丝线与接线端子连接，从而实现音圈的电信号输入。
在扬声器产品小型化的趋势下，音圈锦丝线是阻碍扬声器产品体积减小的主要因素之一。因为在扬声器工作过程中，音圈锦丝线需要与音圈一起振动，要想保持锦丝线顺线，则需要为锦丝线的振动提供一定的空间。在这种情况下，扬声器产品小型化就受到了限制。
另外，即使在设有定心支片的扬声器中，振膜也无法避免偏振现象，这对扬声器的声音性能有较大影响。
因此，有必要对定心支片在扬声器中的布置方式进行改进，以同时解决扬声器体积减小受阻、音圈通电及振膜偏振问题。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种发声装置，解决现有扬声器振膜偏振和使用锦丝线通电带来的问题。
一种发声装置，包括：
音圈，所述音圈包括骨架以及绕制在所述骨架外侧的音圈本体上；所述音圈被配置为能够通入电信号；
第一定心支片组和第二定心支片组，所述的定心支片组包括与所述音 圈连接的第一连接部、与所述发声装置固定的第二连接部以及连接于所述第一连接部和第二连接部之间的弹性部；
所述第一定心支片组被配置为与所述音圈电连通以向所述音圈输入电信号；
所述第一定心支片组和所述第二定心支片组平行固定在所述音圈的不同高度位置处。
可选地，所述第一定心支片组连接在所述音圈本体上，所述第二定心支片组连接于所述骨架上。
可选地，所述第一定心支片组设置在所述音圈本体的靠近其端面的侧面；或者，所述第一定心支片组设置在所述音圈本体的端面。
可选地，所述的第一定心支片组连接在所述骨架上，所述第二定心支片组连接在所述音圈本体上。
可选地，所述骨架或所述音圈本体上设置有用于与第一定心支片组电性导通的导通件。
可选地，所述导通件为焊盘，所述第一定心支片组与所述焊盘焊接固定，所述第二定心支片组与所述骨架或所述音圈本体通过胶体固定。
可选地，所述焊盘上设有凸出所述音圈侧面的弯折结构，所述弯折结构被配置为对所述第一定心支片组进行定位。
可选地，所述定心支片组呈分体式结构，包括至少两个定心支片；所述定心支片包括所述第一连接部、所述第二连接部以及连接于所述第一连接部和第二连接部之间的弹性部。
可选地，所述第一定心支片组和所述第二定心支片组均包括四个所述定心支片，沿所述音圈的周向均匀布置。
可选地，所述定心支片组中相邻的两个定心支片的第一连接部相互连接形成连接桥，另两个定心支片的第一连接部相互连接形成连接桥；所述定心支片组通过所述连接桥与所述音圈连接。
可选地，所述的第二连接部为弯钩结构，所述发声装置内设有挂柱，所述弯钩结构套设在所述挂柱上。
可选地，所述发声装置还包括导磁件，所述导磁铁内设置有磁铁，所 述音圈设置在所述导磁件内受到所述磁铁的磁场作用；所述导磁件上设置有避让槽，所述第一定心支片组与所述音圈本体连接后，从所述避让槽穿出固定在所述发声装置上。
可选地，所述的弹性部为平面结构，由金属线一体绕制而成。
可选地，所述发声装置的谐振频率F0为50-300Hz。
可选地，在100-300Hz频段范围内，所述发声装置的总谐波失真THD小于10％。
可选地，所述发声装置为圆形发声装置或方形发声装置。
可选地，所述的发声装置为大型的低音或者中音发声装置。
一种电子终端，包括上述发声装置。
可选地，所述电子终端为车用音响或者音箱。
本发明所述技术方案的有益效果在于：在发声装置中设置第一定心支片组，可以向音圈中输入电信号，设置第二定心支片组实现对音圈的振动调节功能。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1为根据本发明实施例的第一定心支片组和第二定心支片组的安装示意图；
图2为根据本发明实施例的安装两组定心支片组后发声装置的结构示意图；
图3为根据本发明实施例的发声装置和传统发声装置的阻抗曲线图；
图4为根据本发明实施例的发声装置和传统发声装置的失真曲线图；
图中标示如下：1-音圈；11-骨架；12-音圈本体；2-第一定心支片组；21-第一连接部；22-第二连接部；23-弹性部；3-第二定心支片组；31-第一 连接部；32-第二连接部；33-弹性部；4-挂柱。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
传统的定心支片为环形，其沿径向设置成波浪结构，通常由conex、混纺、布等材料制成，当音圈振幅较大时，定心支片的顺性Cms较差，即力学劲度Kms大(Kms与Cms互为倒数关系)，同时顺性的对称性较差。这使得扬声器的谐振频率F0较大，较大的F0将导致扬声器产品的低音灵敏度变差，这样就降低了扬声器的声学性能，极大地影响了用户的使用感受。
普通扬声器是利用锦丝线实现向音圈中输入电信号。但是锦丝线振动需要一定的空间，在扬声器产品小型化的趋势下，减小扬声器的体积将损害扬声器的声学性能。基于此，本发明提出了一种发声装置。
一种发声装置，包括：
音圈，所述音圈包括骨架以及绕制在所述骨架外侧的音圈本体上；所述音圈被配置为能够通入电信号；
第一定心支片组和第二定心支片组，所述的定心支片组包括与所述音圈连接的第一连接部、与所述发声装置固定的第二连接部以及连接于所述第一连接部和第二连接部之间的弹性部；
所述第一定心支片组被配置为与所述音圈电连通以向所述音圈输入电信号；
所述第一定心支片组和所述第二定心支片组平行固定在所述音圈的不同高度位置处。
如图1所示，作为本发明的一个实施方式，上述发声装置包括音圈1。所述的音圈为复合结构，包括圆管形的骨架11以及绕制在骨架外侧的音圈本体12。所述的骨架为音圈本体提供支撑作用，音圈本体可以是能够通入电信号的线圈。发声装置还包括磁路系统，音圈设置在磁路系统中，受到磁场的磁力作用。当向音圈中通入电信号后，音圈在磁场作用下发生振动，从而带动与其连接的振膜振动。振膜振动促使其周围的空气粒子发生运动，从而发出声音。
发声装置还包括第一定心支片组2和第二定心支片组3。其中第一定心片组具有与音圈相连的第一连接部21，与发声装置固定的第二连接部22以及连接于第一连接部和第二连接部之间的弹性23；同样地，第二定心片组3具有与音圈相连的第一连接部31，与发声装置固定的第二连接部32以及连接于第一连接部和第二连接部之间的弹性33。在两组定心支片组中，第一定心支片组用于向音圈中通入电信号，使音圈在磁场的磁力作用下发生振动。第一定心支片组和第二定心支片组连接于圆管形音圈的不同高度。可选地，第一定心支片组连接于骨架，第二定心支片组连接于音圈本体，使两组定心支片组在音圈高度方向错开分布，形成两组具有不同功能的定心支片组。
可选地，将所述第一定心支片组连接在所述音圈本体上，所述第二定心支片组连接于所述骨架上。作为本发明的一种实施方式，音圈本体上引出有外接引线与第一定心支片组连接，使第一定心支片组与音圈形成电连接。具体地，音圈本体的外接引线与第一定心支片组的第一连接部连接。
可选地，所述第一定心支片组设置在所述音圈本体的靠近其端面的侧面；或者，所述第一定心支片组设置在所述音圈本体的端面。该结构形式下，绕制音圈本体时可将线圈的线头预留在音圈本体的端面或靠近端面的侧面。如此，第一定心支片组可直接与线圈的线头连接，避免了再单独设 置第一定心支片组与音圈本体的电连接线。同时可以避免音圈本体的线头在音圈侧面走线，降低了音圈本体的绕制复杂度。
可选地，所述的第一定心支片组连接在所述骨架上，所述第二定心支片组连接在所述音圈本体上。此时，可以从音圈本体上延伸引线至骨架上对应第一定心支片组的安装位置，使音圈本体与第一定心支片组形成电连接。
可选地，所述骨架或所述音圈本体上设置有用于与第一定心支片组电性导通的导通件。可以利用导通件实现第一定心支片组与音圈本体的电连接。
可选地，所述导通件为焊盘，所述第一定心支片组与所述焊盘焊接固定，所述第二定心支片组与所述骨架或所述音圈本体通过胶体固定。具体地，将第一定心支片组的第一连接部与焊盘焊接固定形成电连接，同时音圈本体上延伸出引线与所述的焊盘焊接固定，如此即形成第一定心支片组与音圈本体之间的电连通。可选地，第二定心支片组通过第一连接部与骨架或音圈本体固定。可选地，可以使用胶粘剂使第二定心支片组与所述骨架或所述音圈本体粘接固定。该固定方式操作简单，且具有较好的固定效果。
可选地，所述焊盘上设有凸出所述音圈侧面的弯折结构，所述弯折结构被配置为对所述第一定心支片组进行定位。弯折结构可以具有卡扣第一定心支片组的第一连接部的卡槽，使用时将第一连接部卡在卡槽内，以实现第一连接部与焊盘连接。作为另一种实施方式，弯折结构可以是轴线平行于音圈侧面的卡环，使用时第一连接部穿过卡环，实现与焊盘固定连接。在焊盘上设置用于第一定心支片组定位的弯折结构，同时实现了焊盘定位和导电的双重作用。并且，利用弯折结构进行定位，具有结构简单，定位可靠的优点。
可选地，所述定心支片组呈分体式结构，包括至少两个定心支片；所述定心支片包括所述第一连接部、所述第二连接部以及连接于所述第一连接部和第二连接部之间的弹性部。当定心支片组包括两个定心支片，作为一种优选的实施方式，这两个定心支片沿音圈周向排布时的连线穿过音圈 的中心。此时两个定心支片对音圈起到很好的定心作用，同时对音圈的偏振具有较好的调节效果。可选地，所述的定心支片组还可包括三个定心支片，这三个定心支片沿音圈周向均匀排布，对音圈形成稳定支撑的作用。可选地，第一定心支片组与第二定心支片组具有不同数量的定心支片。所述第一定心支片组的主要作用是向音圈传输电信号，所述第二定心支片组的作用是定心和调节振动，一种可选的实施方式为第一定心支片组具有的定心支片的数量少于第二定心支片组具有的定心支片数量。该设置方式不仅能够实现两个定心支片组各自的功能，同时能够降低发声装置内的结构复杂度，降低定心支片的成本。
可选地，所述第一定心支片组和所述第二定心支片组均包括四个所述定心支片，沿所述音圈的周向均匀布置。
可选地，所述定心支片组中相邻的两个定心支片的第一连接部相互连接形成连接桥，另两个定心支片的第一连接部相互连接形成连接桥；可选地，连接桥为弧形结构或者凸形结构。定心支片组安装后，弧形结构或凸形结构贴合音圈的侧面，占据音圈周向一定的弧度。可选地，该弧度对应的圆心角可以为30°或60°。此结构有利于定心支片组对音圈形成更加稳定的支撑。所述定心支片组通过所述连接桥与所述音圈连接。所述的连接桥可以与音圈侧面通过胶体粘接固定，也可以在音圈侧面设置焊盘，连接桥与焊盘焊接固定。
可选地，所述定心支片的第二连接部形成弯钩结构，所述发声装置内设有挂柱4，所述弯钩结构套设在所述挂柱上。使用时，定心支片通过弯钩结构固定在挂柱上。以此方式实现定心支片与发声装置的连接，可以简化定心支片的安装过程。或者，发声装置内设有挂环，弯钩结构也可以钩挂在发声装置内的挂环上。本发明对此不做限制。可选地，该弯钩结构的弯折圈数可以为一圈或者至少两圈，当弯钩结构的弯折圈数为至少两圈时，至少两圈弯钩结构在竖直方向上的正投影重叠。增加弯钩结构的弯折圈数有利于将定心支片稳定固定在发声装置上。
可选地，所述发声装置还包括导磁件，所述导磁铁内设置有磁铁，所述音圈设置在所述导磁件内受到所述磁铁的磁场作用；所述导磁件上设置 有避让槽，所述定心支片与所述音圈本体连接后，从所述避让槽穿出固定在所述发声装置上。可选地，所述的导磁件为U铁，当定心支片安装于音圈本体的根部位置或音圈本体靠近根部的位置，定心支片可能与U铁发生干涉。因而需要在导磁件上对应定心支片的安装位置开设避让槽。此时，定心支片与音圈本体连接后，从开设的避让槽内穿出，然后连接到发声装置上。可选地，发声装置包括壳体，所述的挂柱设置在壳体上，定心支片从避让槽穿出后，连接于壳体的挂柱上。
可选地，所述的弹性部为平面结构，由金属线一体绕制而成。作为一种实施方式，弹性部为金属线弯折绕制而成平面结构，该平面结构具有多个弯折结构，类似于平面弹簧结构。该金属平面弹簧结构具有良好的顺性，可用作发声装置的定心支片，用于调节音圈的振动，此时的发声装置具有良好的声学性能。并且，金属材料的疲劳性能较好，在发声装置工作过程中，不容易发生疲劳破坏，能够有效延长发声装置的使用寿命。另外，具有平面结构的定心支片可以用于音圈通电，替代现有的锦丝线。平面结构能够减少在发声装置内部的安装空间，降低发声装置的整体高度，使发声装置趋于小型化。
可选地，所述发声装置的谐振频率F0为50-300Hz。谐振频率F0是影响发声装置低频性能的一个重要参数，其计算式如下：
Figure PCTCN2020126815-appb-000001
其中：F0-谐振频率；
π-圆周率；
Kms-力学劲度；
Mms-等效质量。
由上式可知，Kms和Mms是影响F0的两个因素，Kms越小，谐振频率F0越小，发声装置的声学性能越好。而Mms越大，谐振频率F0越小。在现有技术条件下，要想获得较小的力学劲度，势必会对材料的性能提出较高要求，无疑会增加发声装置的制造成本。另一方面，若是通过增加发声装置的等效质量来降低谐振频率F0，不仅违背了产品轻量化的原则，同时会对发声装置的其它性能产生不良影响。因而，在本发明中将谐振频率 F0限制在50-300Hz范围内，发声装置能够获得良好的低频声学性能，同时可以平衡发声装置的产品制造成本及其它性能与低频声学性能之间的关系。
根据本发明的一个实施例，对使用现有定心支片(曲线b)和使用上述的定心支片的发声装置(曲线c)的阻抗进行检测，结果如图3所示。从图中可以看到，使用传统定心支片，检测得到的发声装置的谐振频率F0约为195Hz。而利用上述定心支片代替现有定心支片，测得发声装置的谐振频率F0约为170Hz。由检测结果可知，使用定心支片作为发声装置的定心支片，可以明显降低发声装置的谐振频率F0，提高低音灵敏度，改善发声装置的声学性能。
总谐波失真THD是反映发声装置声音还原度的参数，该值越大，发声装置声音失真越严重，发声装置的听音效果越差。因此，为获得良好的听感，要求发声装置具有较小的总谐波失真THD。根据本发明的一个实施例，对使用现有定心支片(曲线b)和使用上述的定心支片的发声装置(曲线c)的总谐波失真THD进行检测，结果如图4所示。从图中可以看到，当频段低于1000Hz时，使用传统定心支片检测得到的发声装置的总谐波失真THD明显高于使用上述定心支片的发声装置的总谐波失真THD。并且，频段越低，两者的差距越大，对发声装置的总谐波失真THD的改善效果越明显。因此，使用本发明的定心支片作为发声装置的定心支片，可以明显提高声音还原度，改善发声装置的听音效果。
可选地，在100-300Hz频段范围内，所述发声装置的总谐波失真THD小于10％。在上述频段范围内，将发声装置的总谐波失真THD限制为小于10％，可以保证发声装置的声音失真程度较小，用户能够获得较好的听音效果。优选地，当频段为200Hz时，将所述发声装置的总谐波失真THD限制为小于2.5％。优选地，当频段为300Hz时，将所述发声装置的总谐波失真THD限制小于2％。
作为本发明的一个实施例，第一定心支件组可代替传统的锦丝线，用于向音圈中通入电信号。第一定心支件组一方面可以发挥定心作用，另一方面还能发挥电流传输作用，有利于发声装置减小其体积。第二定心支片 组发挥对音圈的定心作用和调节音圈振动的作用。在第一定心支片组的基础上增加第二定心支片组可以同时实现导电、调节振动以及稳定定心的作用，对发声装置的微型化具有重要贡献，同时对发声装置的声学性能具有明显的改善作用。
需要说明的是，本实施方式中仅以圆形的发声装置作为示例进行说明，但在具体应用时，该技术方案同样可以应用于方形的发声装置中，当然，也可以应用在其他形状的装置中，以上并不用于限定本发明。
可选地，所述的发声装置为大型的低音或者中音发声装置。可以将上述的发声装置安装在音箱中，发声装置的数量可以设置为两个，或者设置一个发声装置，另一个设为高音扬声器，本发明对此不作限制。另一个实施例中，可以将上述发声装置用作车载扬声器。上述的发声装置还可以用在其它的设备中，本发明对此不作一一限制。
作为本发明的一种实施方式，本发明还提供了一种电子终端，包括上述发声装置。所述电子终端可以为车用音响或者音箱。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括：
    音圈，所述音圈包括骨架以及绕制在所述骨架外侧的音圈本体上；所述音圈被配置为能够通入电信号；
    第一定心支片组和第二定心支片组，所述的定心支片组包括与所述音圈连接的第一连接部、与所述发声装置固定的第二连接部以及连接于所述第一连接部和第二连接部之间的弹性部；
    所述第一定心支片组被配置为与所述音圈电连通以向所述音圈输入电信号；
    所述第一定心支片组和所述第二定心支片组平行固定在所述音圈的不同高度位置处。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第一定心支片组连接在所述音圈本体上，所述第二定心支片组连接于所述骨架上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第一定心支片组设置在所述音圈本体的靠近其端面的侧面；或者，所述第一定心支片组设置在所述音圈本体的端面。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述的第一定心支片组连接在所述骨架上，所述第二定心支片组连接在所述音圈本体上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述骨架或所述音圈本体上设置有用于与第一定心支片组电性导通的导通件。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述导通件为焊盘，所述第一定心支片组与所述焊盘焊接固定，所述第二定心支片组与所述骨架或所述音圈本体通过胶体固定。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述焊盘上设有凸出所述音圈侧面的弯折结构，所述弯折结构被配置为对所述第一定心支片组进行定位。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述定心支片组呈分体式结构，包括至少两个定心支片；所述定心支片包括所述第一连接部、所述第二连接部以及连接于所述第一连接部和第二连接部之间的弹性部。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第一定心支片组和所述第二定心支片组均包括四个所述定心支片，沿所述音圈的周向均匀布置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述定心支片组中相邻的两个定心支片的第一连接部相互连接形成连接桥，另两个定心支片的第一连接部相互连接形成连接桥；所述定心支片组通过所述连接桥与所述音圈连接。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述的第二连接部为弯钩结构，所述发声装置内设有挂柱，所述弯钩结构套设在所述挂柱上。
  12. 根据权利要求3所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述发声装置还包括导磁件，所述导磁铁内设置有磁铁，所述音圈设置在所述导磁件内受到所述磁铁的磁场作用；所述导磁件上设置有避让槽，所述第一定心支片组与所述音圈本体连接后，从所述避让槽穿出固定在所述发声装置上。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述的弹性部为 平面结构，由金属线一体绕制而成。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述发声装置的谐振频率F0为50-300Hz。
  15. 根据权利要求1-13任一所述的发声装置，其特征在于，在100-300Hz频段范围内，所述发声装置的总谐波失真THD小于10％。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述发声装置为圆形发声装置或方形发声装置。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述发声装置为大型的低音或者中音发声装置。
  18. 一种电子终端，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-17任一所述的发声装置。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的电子终端，其特征在于，所述电子终端为车用音响或者音箱。
PCT/CN2020/126815 2019-11-08 2020-11-05 一种发声装置和电子终端 WO2021088931A1 (zh)

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