WO2021088929A1 - 一种发声装置 - Google Patents

一种发声装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021088929A1
WO2021088929A1 PCT/CN2020/126801 CN2020126801W WO2021088929A1 WO 2021088929 A1 WO2021088929 A1 WO 2021088929A1 CN 2020126801 W CN2020126801 W CN 2020126801W WO 2021088929 A1 WO2021088929 A1 WO 2021088929A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connecting portion
support piece
centering support
sounding device
sound generating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/126801
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨健斌
强寿松
刘春发
Original Assignee
歌尔股份有限公司
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Application filed by 歌尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔股份有限公司
Priority to US17/773,441 priority Critical patent/US11979731B2/en
Publication of WO2021088929A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021088929A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/041—Centering
    • H04R9/043—Inner suspension or damper, e.g. spider
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of electroacoustic devices, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a sound generating device.
  • the speaker is a basic sound unit that converts electrical signals into acoustic signals.
  • the centering support piece is a component that adjusts the vibration direction of the diaphragm in the speaker, and it suppresses the polarization of the diaphragm through a mechanical restoring force.
  • the performance of the centering piece has a great influence on the acoustic performance and service life of the speaker.
  • the traditional centering support piece is annular, and the annular centering support piece is arranged in a wave structure along the radial direction.
  • the centering support piece is usually made of materials such as conex, blended fabric, cloth, etc., and limited by the above-mentioned material types, the Kms of the centering support piece in the prior art is difficult to be made small.
  • the compliance Cms of the centering piece will be poor.
  • F0 is an important factor affecting the acoustic performance of the speaker, a larger F0 will cause the bass sensitivity of the speaker product to deteriorate.
  • speakers with traditional centering brackets have higher total harmonic distortion THD. This reduces the acoustic performance of the speaker and greatly affects the user experience.
  • the material of the centering support piece is usually chemical fiber, blended fabric, etc.
  • the hardness of the centering support piece increases in a high temperature and humid environment. This causes the centering support piece to be easily deformed or even cracked, and the fatigue performance of the centering support piece is reduced. The failure of the centering support piece will directly lead to the failure of the loudspeaker, significantly shortening the service life of the loudspeaker.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sound generating device, which can improve the acoustic performance of the existing sound generating device and prolong the service life.
  • a sounding device including:
  • a voice coil configured to be able to pass electrical signals
  • a centering support piece includes a first connecting portion, a planar elastic portion, and a second connecting portion;
  • the first connecting portion is configured to be connected to the voice coil, and the second connecting portion is configured to be fixed to the sound emitting device;
  • the first connecting portion is bent and extended toward the second connecting portion to form the planar elastic portion
  • the mechanical stiffness Kms of the centering support piece is 0.2-2N/mm; the resonance frequency F0 of the sound device is 50-300Hz;
  • the total harmonic distortion THD of the sound generating device is less than 10%.
  • the total harmonic distortion THD of the sound generating device is less than 2.5%.
  • the total harmonic distortion THD of the sound emitting device is less than 2%.
  • the width of the planar elastic portion gradually increases from the first connecting portion to the second connecting portion, and the extension lines of the two lateral sides in the width direction of the planar elastic portion are far away from the first connecting portion.
  • the directions of the two connecting parts intersect at a point to form an acute angle.
  • the angle of the acute angle is not less than 10°.
  • the angle of the acute angle is greater than 20°. .
  • each bend in the planar elastic portion is one bend path, and the number of the bend paths is not less than three.
  • each bend in the planar elastic portion is one bend path, and the distance between two adjacent bend paths is not greater than 1.5 mm.
  • the centering support piece is formed by winding a metal wire into a linear shape, and the distance between two adjacent bending channels is larger than the wire diameter of the metal wire.
  • the wire diameter of the metal wire is 0.2-0.5 mm.
  • the wire diameter of the metal wire is 0.3-0.4 mm.
  • the centering support piece includes two planar elastic portions, and both ends of the first connecting portion are bent and extended in an S shape to respectively form the two planar elastic portions.
  • the first connecting portion is arc-shaped between the two planar elastic portions.
  • the first connecting portion is in the shape of a broken line between the two planar elastic portions.
  • the second connecting portion is a hook structure.
  • the sounding device with the centering splint uses a centering splint that can obtain a smaller Kms. Compared with the prior art, it will sound The F0 of the device is lower, so good acoustic performance can be obtained, and the service life of the sound device can be effectively extended.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a centering support piece of a sound generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a centering support piece of a sound generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is an impedance curve diagram of a sounding device centering piece and a sounding device using a traditional centering piece according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a distortion curve diagram of a sounding device centering piece and a sounding device using a traditional centering piece according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a graph showing the measured values of the mechanical stiffness of the centering splints with different acute angles according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is an analysis diagram of the mechanical stiffness of the centering splints with different acute angles according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the measured values of the mechanical stiffness of the centering support pieces with different wire diameters and the number of bending paths according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is an analysis diagram of the mechanical stiffness of the centering support pieces with different wire diameters and the number of bending paths according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a graph of the detected values of the mechanical stiffness of the centering support pieces of different metal wire diameters according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is an analysis diagram of the mechanical stiffness of the centering support pieces of different metal wire diameters according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the labels in the figure are as follows: 1-centering support piece; 11-first connection part; 12-second connection part; 13-plane elastic part;
  • the centering support piece is installed in the loudspeaker to adjust the vibration and center the voice coil at the same time.
  • the performance of the centering support has a great influence on the acoustic performance and service life of the speaker, such as the distortion and low frequency sensitivity of the speaker.
  • the traditional centering support piece is ring-shaped, which is arranged in a wave structure along the radial direction.
  • the centering support piece is usually made of conex, blended fabric, cloth and other materials.
  • the compliance of the centering support piece Cms is poor, that is, the mechanical stiffness Kms is large (Kms and Cms are the reciprocal relationship of each other)
  • the symmetry of compliance is poor.
  • F0 is an important factor affecting the acoustic performance of the speaker, a larger F0 will cause the bass sensitivity of the speaker product to deteriorate.
  • speakers with traditional centering brackets have higher total harmonic distortion THD. This reduces the acoustic performance of the speaker and greatly affects the user experience.
  • the material of the centering support piece is usually chemical fiber, blended fabric, etc.
  • the hardness of the centering support piece increases in a high temperature and humid environment. This causes the centering support piece to be easily deformed or even cracked, and the fatigue performance of the centering support piece is reduced, and it is prone to failure. The failure of the centering support piece will directly lead to the failure of the loudspeaker, significantly shortening the service life of the loudspeaker.
  • the present invention improves the existing centering brace.
  • a sounding device as shown in Figure 1-2, includes: a voice coil configured to be able to pass electrical signals; a centering support piece, as shown in Figure 1, the centering support piece 1 includes The first connecting portion 11, the planar elastic portion 13, and the second connecting portion 12; the first connecting portion is configured to be connected to the voice coil, and the second connecting portion is configured to be fixed On the sounding device; the first connecting portion is bent and extended in an S shape toward the second connecting portion to form the plane elastic portion; the mechanical stiffness Kms of the centering support piece is 0.2-2N/mm;
  • the resonance frequency F0 of the sound generating device is 50-300Hz;
  • the total harmonic distortion THD of the sound generating device is less than 10%.
  • the sounding device includes a centering support piece.
  • the centering support piece is used as the centering support piece of the sounding device.
  • One end of the centering support piece is set as a first connecting part, a voice coil is installed in the sounding device, and the first connecting part is connected to the voice coil of the sounding device.
  • the voice coil includes a voice coil body and a skeleton, both of which are tubular structures.
  • the voice coil body is a coil wound on the bobbin, and the bobbin is used to support the voice coil body.
  • the first connecting portion of the centering support piece can be connected to the frame or the voice coil body.
  • the other end of the centering support piece is arranged as a second connecting part, and the second connecting part is fixed on the sound emitting device.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a housing, and the second connecting portion is fixed on the housing.
  • the first connecting portion is bent and extended toward the second connecting portion to form a plane elastic portion connected between the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion.
  • the planar elastic portion may be a spring-like return-shaped structure, which has the ability to be elastically deformed.
  • the centering support piece is connected to the voice coil through the first connecting part, and the second connecting part is connected to the sounding device.
  • the plane elastic part When the plane elastic part has elastic deformation ability, it has a better polarization adjustment effect.
  • the mechanical stiffness Kms of the centering support piece is 0.2-2 N/mm.
  • the mechanical stiffness Kms is the reciprocal of compliance, which reflects the compliance of the centering brace to the driving force. Kms is an important factor affecting the acoustic performance of the sound device.
  • the centering support piece of the present invention has a mechanical stiffness Kms of 0.2-2 N/mm. In this mechanical stiffness range, the centering support piece has good compliance with the driving force, and will not produce plastic deformation and cause damage when the sound device undergoes large displacement vibration. Therefore, when the mechanical stiffness of the centering support piece is 0.2-2N/mm, the sound device can obtain better acoustic performance.
  • the resonance frequency F0 of the sound emitting device is 50-300Hz; the resonance frequency F0 is an important parameter that affects the low frequency performance of the sound emitting device, and its calculation formula is as follows:
  • Kms and Mms are two factors that affect F0.
  • the resonant frequency F0 is reduced by increasing the equivalent mass of the sound generating device, it will not only violate the principle of lightening the product, but also adversely affect the other performance of the sound generating device.
  • the resonance frequency F0 is limited to the range of 50-300 Hz
  • the sound generating device can obtain good low frequency acoustic performance, and at the same time, the product manufacturing cost of the sound generating device and the relationship between other performance and low frequency acoustic performance can be balanced.
  • the impedance of the sound generating device (curve c) using the existing centering support piece (curve b) and the above-mentioned centering support piece is tested, and the result is shown in FIG. 3. It can be seen from the figure that using the traditional centering support piece, the detected resonance frequency F0 of the sound generating device is about 195 Hz. Using the above-mentioned centering support piece to replace the existing centering support piece, it is measured that the resonance frequency F0 of the sound device is about 170 Hz. It can be seen from the test results that using the centering support piece as the centering support piece of the sounding device can significantly reduce the resonance frequency F0 of the sounding device, increase the bass sensitivity, and improve the acoustic performance of the sounding device.
  • the total harmonic distortion THD is a parameter that reflects the sound reproduction degree of the sounding device. The larger the value, the more serious the sound distortion of the sounding device, and the worse the listening effect of the sounding device. Therefore, in order to obtain a good sense of hearing, the sound generating device is required to have a smaller total harmonic distortion THD.
  • the total harmonic distortion THD of the existing centering support piece (curve b) and the sound generating device using the aforementioned centering support piece (curve c) is detected, and the result is shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the centering support piece of the present invention as the centering support piece of the sound generating device can significantly improve the sound reproduction and improve the listening effect of the sound generating device.
  • the total harmonic distortion THD of the sound generating device is less than 10%.
  • limiting the total harmonic distortion THD of the sounding device to less than 10% can ensure that the sound distortion of the sounding device is small, and the user can obtain a better listening effect.
  • the total harmonic distortion THD of the sound emitting device is limited to less than 2.5%.
  • the total harmonic distortion THD of the sound emitting device is limited to less than 2%.
  • the width of the planar elastic portion gradually increases from the first connecting portion to the second connecting portion, and the extension lines of the two lateral sides in the width direction of the planar elastic portion are far away from the first connecting portion.
  • the directions of the two connecting parts intersect at a point to form an acute angle.
  • the angle of the acute angle is not less than 10°. Further, in a more preferred solution, the angle of the acute angle is greater than 20°.
  • Fig. 5 shows the mechanical stiffness Kms of the corresponding centering brace under different angles of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the test shows that the mechanical stiffness of the centering support piece is 1.02N/mm.
  • the centering support piece undergoes an elastic deformation of 2mm on the plane elastic part, the elastic force change is 23.5%.
  • the mechanical stiffness of the obtained centering support piece is 0.565N/mm, and the elasticity change amount of the centering support piece is 7% when the elastic deformation of the plane elastic part is 2mm.
  • the test shows that the mechanical stiffness of the centering support piece is 0.325N/mm, and the elasticity change of the centering support piece is 2% when the elastic deformation of the plane elastic part is 2mm. It can be seen from Fig. 6 that when other parameters are the same, the greater the angle value of the acute angle, the lower the mechanical stiffness Kms value, and the better the linear performance of the centering piece.
  • the mechanical stiffness of the centering support plate is significantly reduced, corresponding to the use of the centering support plate as the resonant frequency F0 of the sounding device of the centering support plate is reduced, so that the sounding device can obtain Higher bass sensitivity helps to improve the acoustic performance of the sound generating device.
  • each bend in the planar elastic portion is one bend path, and the number of the bend paths is not less than three.
  • the effective deformation of the centering support piece can meet the use requirements of the sounding device, so that the sounding device has good acoustic performance, and at the same time, the service life meets the design requirements.
  • the user can adjust the effective number of turns of the centering splint according to actual needs, and the present invention does not specifically limit this.
  • each bend in the planar elastic portion is a bend path, and the distance between two adjacent bend paths is not greater than 1.5 mm. In a more preferred embodiment, all two adjacent bend lanes are equally spaced.
  • Figure 7 shows the mechanical stiffness values of the centering brace under different number of bending paths and spacing. It can be seen from the figure that when the plane elastic part is bent 8 times to form 8 bends, and the two adjacent bends are equally spaced and the spacing is 0.4mm, the mechanics of the centering support The stiffness Kms value is 0.473N/mm, the elasticity change of the plane elastic part of the centering support piece is 5% when the elastic deformation of 2mm occurs; when the plane elastic part is bent 6 times to form 6 bends, and the corresponding When the two adjacent bends are equally spaced and the distance is 0.6mm, the mechanical stiffness of the centering support piece is 0.565N/mm, and the plane elastic part of the centering support piece has an elasticity of 2mm.
  • the amount of elastic force change during deformation is 7%; when the plane elastic part is bent 4 times to form 4 bends, and the two adjacent bends are equally spaced and the spacing is 1.1mm, the centering
  • the mechanical stiffness Kms value of the support piece is 0.683N/mm, and the elasticity change amount of the plane elastic part of the centering support piece is 8.7% when the elastic deformation of 2mm occurs.
  • the distance between two adjacent bending tracks is greater than the wire diameter of the metal wire of the centering support piece.
  • the wire diameter of the metal wire of the centering support piece is 0.2-0.5 mm. In a more preferred embodiment, the wire diameter of the metal wire of the centering support piece is 0.3-0.4 mm.
  • Figure 9 shows the mechanical stiffness values of the centering support pieces under different wire diameters. It can be seen from Figure 9 that when the wire diameter of the metal wire is 0.3mm, the mechanical stiffness Kms of the centering support piece made of the metal wire is 0.565N/mm, and the plane elastic part of the centering support piece is 2mm When the elastic deformation of the metal wire is 7%; when the wire diameter of the metal wire is 0.33mm, the mechanical stiffness of the centering support piece made of the metal wire is 0.81N/mm, and the centering support piece The elasticity change of the plane elastic part is 6.1% when the elastic deformation of 2mm occurs; when the wire diameter of the metal wire is 0.35mm, the mechanical stiffness Kms value of the centering support piece made of the metal wire is 1.01N/mm , The elasticity change amount of the plane elastic part of the centering support piece is 6.1% when the elastic deformation of 2mm occurs.
  • the wire diameter value of the metal wire made of the centering support piece has a very obvious impact on the mechanical stiffness of the centering support piece.
  • the larger the wire diameter the corresponding If the mechanical stiffness Kms increases, the linear performance of the centering brace will become worse, but the linear performance change is not obvious; considering the overall strength of the centering brace, the wire diameter of the metal wire cannot be selected too small , The centering support piece made of metal wire with too small diameter will not meet the strength requirements. Therefore, when the wire diameter of the centering support piece is set to 0.3-0.4mm, the centering support can be guaranteed The strength of the sheet is required to ensure its mechanical stiffness and linear performance.
  • the first connecting portion, the planar elastic portion and the second connecting portion are integrally formed. That is, the entire centering support piece is formed into a linear shape by winding a metal wire, and the forming method is easy to operate and process in terms of technology. At the same time, by reasonably selecting the type of metal material and adjusting the performance of the centering support, a centering support with good compliance and higher fatigue strength can be obtained, so that the sound device can obtain a smaller resonance frequency F0 and a longer service life. .
  • the metal material has better temperature and humidity resistance, and the made centering piece is used in extreme environments such as high temperature and humidity, and has little effect on the acoustic performance and service life of the sound device.
  • a centering support of a metal material can be used to replace the brocade wire in the sounding device for passing electrical signals into the voice coil body.
  • this arrangement can reduce the production cost of the sound generating device, and on the other hand, it can solve the problem of compliance of the brocade thread under the trend of miniaturization of the existing sound device, and reduce the problem of poor listening due to the compliance of the brocade thread.
  • the device product lowers its height to provide conditions.
  • the planar elastic portion is provided as one, and one end of the first connecting portion is bent and extended in an S shape to form the planar elastic portion.
  • the length of the first connecting portion is substantially the same as the minimum width of the planar elastic portion, and the size of the entire centering support piece is relatively small.
  • the centering support piece as shown in FIG. 2 includes two flat elastic parts, and both ends of the first connecting part are bent and extended in an S shape to form two flat elastic parts respectively.
  • the first connecting portion connects the two flat elastic portions, and the two flat elastic portions are symmetrically distributed at the two ends of the first connecting portion.
  • the first connecting portion is arc-shaped between the two planar elastic portions.
  • the first connecting portion is in the shape of a broken line between the two planar elastic portions.
  • the folded line shape forms a convex structure along the height direction of the voice coil.
  • the convex structure is attached to the outer side of the voice coil to form a stable support for the voice coil.
  • the second connecting portion is a hook structure.
  • a hanging post is provided in the sound generating device, and during use, the centering support piece is fixed on the hanging post by a hook structure. In this way, the connection between the centering support and the sounding device is realized, and the installation process of the centering support can be simplified.
  • a hanging loop is provided in the sound generating device, and the hook can also be hooked on the hanging loop in the sound generating device. The present invention does not limit this.
  • the number of bending turns of the hook structure may be one or at least two turns.
  • the at least two turns of the hook structure are perpendicular in the vertical direction.
  • the projections overlap. Increasing the number of bending turns of the hook structure is beneficial to stably fix the centering support piece on the sounding device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种发声装置，包括：音圈，所述音圈被配置为能够通入电信号；定心支片，所述定心支片包括第一连接部、平面弹性部和第二连接部；所述的第一连接部被配置为用于连接在所述音圈上，所述的第二连接部被配置为用于固定在发声装置上；所述第一连接部向所述第二连接部弯折延伸形成所述平面弹性部；所述定心支片的力学劲度Kms为0.2-2N/mm；所述发声装置的谐振频率F0为50-300Hz；在100-300Hz频段范围内，所述发声装置的总谐波失真THD小于10％。在发声装置中设置上述定心支片，能够有效改善发声装置的声学性能，延长发声装置的使用寿命。

Description

一种发声装置 技术领域
本发明涉及电声装置技术领域，更具体地，本发明涉及一种发声装置。
背景技术
扬声器是一种将电信号转换为声信号的基本发声单元。定心支片是扬声器中调节振膜振动方向的组件，其通过机械回复力抑制振膜的偏振。定心支片的性能对扬声器的声学性能和使用寿命影响很大。
传统的定心支片为环形，环形定心支片沿径向设置成波浪结构。定心支片通常由conex、混纺、布等材料制成，受限于上述材料类型，现有技术中的定心支片，其Kms很难做的很小。在发声装置中，由于Kms与Cms互为倒数关系，当振动幅度较大时，会导致定心支片的顺性Cms差。这使得扬声器的谐振频率F0较大。由于F0是影响扬声器声学性能的重要因素，较大的F0将导致扬声器产品的低音灵敏度变差。同时应用传统定心支片的扬声器，总谐波失真THD较高。这样就降低了扬声器的声学性能，极大地影响了用户的使用感受。
另外，由于定心支片的材料通常为化纤、混纺等，在高温潮湿环境下，定心支片的硬度增大。这导致定心支片容易发生变形甚至破裂，并且定心支片的疲劳性能降低。定心支片的失效将直接导致扬声器失效，显著缩短了扬声器的使用寿命。
因此，有必要对定心支片进行改进，以解决现有扬声器声学性能差、使用寿命短的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种发声装置，该发声装置能够提高现有发声装置声学性能，延长使用寿命。
一种发声装置，包括：
音圈，所述音圈被配置为能够通入电信号；
定心支片，所述定心支片包括第一连接部、平面弹性部和第二连接部；
所述的第一连接部被配置为用于连接在所述音圈上，所述的第二连接部被配置为用于固定在发声装置上；
所述第一连接部向所述第二连接部弯折延伸形成所述平面弹性部；
所述定心支片的力学劲度Kms为0.2-2N/mm；所述发声装置的谐振频率F0为50-300Hz；
在100-300Hz频段范围内，所述发声装置的总谐波失真THD小于10％。
可选地，当频段为200Hz时，所述发声装置的总谐波失真THD小于2.5％。
可选地，当频段为300Hz时，所述发声装置的总谐波失真THD小于2％。
可选地，所述平面弹性部的宽度从第一连接部向第二连接部的方向逐渐增大，所述平面弹性部的宽度方向的两个侧边的延伸线在第一连接部远离第二连接部的方向相交为一点形成一锐角。
可选地，所述锐角的角度不小于10°。
可选地，所述锐角的角度大于20°。。
可选地，所述平面弹性部中每弯折一次为一个弯折道，所述弯折道的数量不小于三。
可选地，所述平面弹性部中每弯折一次为一个弯折道，相邻两个所述弯折道之间的间距不大于1.5mm。
可选地，所述定心支片由金属线绕制成型为线状，相邻两个所述弯折道之间的间距大于所述金属线的线径。
可选地，所述金属线的线径为0.2-0.5mm。
可选地，所述金属线的线径为0.3-0.4mm。
可选地，所述定心支片包括两个所述平面弹性部，所述第一连接部的两端均呈S形弯折延伸以分别形成两个所述平面弹性部。
可选地，所述第一连接部在两个所述平面弹性部之间呈弧形。
可选地，所述第一连接部在两个所述平面弹性部之间呈折线状。
可选地，所述第二连接部为弯钩结构。
本发明所述技术方案的有益效果在于：具有所述定心支片的发声装置，其使用了一种能够获得更小的Kms的定心支片，相较于现有技术而言，将发声装置的F0做的更低，故能够获得良好的声学性能，并可以有效延长发声装置的使用寿命。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1为根据本发明实施例发声装置的定心支片的示意图；
图2为根据本发明实施例发声装置的定心支片的示意图；
图3为根据本发明实施例发声装置定心支片和应用传统定心支片的发声装置的阻抗曲线图；
图4为根据本发明实施例发声装置定心支片和应用传统定心支片的发声装置的失真曲线图；
图5为根据本发明实施例的不同锐角的定心支片的力学劲度的检测值图；
图6为根据本发明实施例的不同锐角的定心支片的力学劲度的分析图；
图7为根据本发明实施例的不同线径和弯折道数的定心支片的力学劲度的检测值图；
图8为根据本发明实施例的不同线径和弯折道数的定心支片的力学劲度的分析图；
图9为根据本发明实施例的不同金属线线径的定心支片的力学劲度的检测值图；
图10为根据本发明实施例的不同金属线线径的定心支片的力学劲度 的分析图；
图中标示如下：1-定心支片；11-第一连接部；12-第二连接部；13-平面弹性部；
说明：一个波纹为两个弯折道。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
定心支片是安装在扬声器中用于调节振动，同时对音圈进行定心的部件。定心支片的性能对扬声器的声学性能和使用寿命影响很大，如影响扬声器的失真、低频灵敏度等。
传统的定心支片为环形，其沿径向设置成波浪结构。定心支片通常由conex、混纺、布等材料制成，当音圈振幅较大时，定心支片的顺性Cms较差，即力学劲度Kms大(Kms与Cms互为倒数关系)，同时顺性的对称性较差。这使得扬声器的谐振频率F0较大。由于F0是影响扬声器声学性能的重要因素，较大的F0将导致扬声器产品的低音灵敏度变差。同时应用传统定心支片的扬声器，总谐波失真THD较高。这样就降低了扬声器的声学性能，极大地影响了用户的使用感受。
另外，由于定心支片的材料通常为化纤、混纺等，在高温潮湿环境下，定心支片的硬度增大。这导致定心支片容易发生变形甚至破裂，并且定心支片的疲劳性能降低，容易发生失效。定心支片的失效将直接导致扬声器失效，显著缩短了扬声器的使用寿命。
因此，为了解决上述技术问题，本发明对现有定心支片进行了改进。
一种发声装置，如图1-2所示，包括：音圈，所述音圈被配置为能够通入电信号；定心支片，如图1所示，所述定心支片1包括第一连接部11、平面弹性部13和第二连接部12；所述的第一连接部被配置为用于连接在所述音圈上，所述的第二连接部被配置为用于固定在发声装置上；所述第一连接部向所述第二连接部呈S形弯折延伸形成所述平面弹性部；所述定心支片的力学劲度Kms为0.2-2N/mm；所述发声装置的谐振频率F0为50-300Hz；
在100-300Hz频段范围内，所述发声装置的总谐波失真THD小于10％。
发声装置包括定心支片，在一种优选的实施方式中，定心支片作为发声装置的定心支片。定心支片的一端设置为第一连接部，在发声装置中安装有音圈，第一连接部连接在发声装置的音圈上。可选地，音圈包括音圈本体和骨架，两者均为管状结构。音圈本体为缠绕在骨架上的线圈，骨架用于支撑音圈本体。定心支片的第一连接部可以连接于骨架，也可以与音圈本体连接。定心支片的另一端设置为第二连接部，第二连接部固定在发声装置上。可选地，发声装置还包括壳体，第二连接部固定在壳体上。第一连接部向第二连接部弯折延伸形成连接于第一连接部和第二连接部之间的平面弹性部。可选地，平面弹性部可以是类似于弹簧的回形结构，其具有能够发生弹性变形的能力。所述定心支片通过第一连接部连接于音圈、第二连接部连接于发声装置安装在发声装置内，作为发声装置的定心支片，对发声装置的振动起调节作用，同时实现对音圈的定心作用。当平面弹性部具有弹性变形能力时，其具有较好的偏振调节作用。
可选地，定心支片的力学劲度Kms为0.2-2N/mm。力学劲度Kms是顺性的倒数，其体现的是定心支片对驱动力的顺从性，Kms是影响发声装置声学性能的重要因素。本发明所述的定心支片，其力学劲度Kms为0.2-2 N/mm。在此力学劲度范围内，定心支片具有对驱动力具有较好的顺从性，并且在发声装置发生较大位移的振动时不会产生塑性形变导致损坏。因此，当定心支片的力学劲度为0.2-2N/mm，发声装置能够获得较好的声学性能。
可选地，发声装置的谐振频率F0为50-300Hz；谐振频率F0是影响发声装置低频性能的一个重要参数，其计算式如下：
Figure PCTCN2020126801-appb-000001
其中：F0-谐振频率；
π-圆周率；
Kms-力学劲度；
Mms-等效质量。
由上式可知，Kms和Mms是影响F0的两个因素，Kms越小，谐振频率F0越小，发声装置的声学性能越好。而Mms越大，谐振频率F0越小。在现有技术条件下，要想获得较小的力学劲度，势必会对材料的性能提出较高要求，无疑会增加发声装置的制造成本。另一方面，若是通过增加发声装置的等效质量来降低谐振频率F0，不仅违背了产品轻量化的原则，同时会对发声装置的其它性能产生不良影响。因而，在本发明中将谐振频率F0限制在50-300Hz范围内，发声装置能够获得良好的低频声学性能，同时可以平衡发声装置的产品制造成本及其它性能与低频声学性能之间的关系。
根据本发明的一个实施例，对使用现有定心支片(曲线b)和使用上述的定心支片的发声装置(曲线c)的阻抗进行检测，结果如图3所示。从图中可以看到，使用传统定心支片，检测得到的发声装置的谐振频率F0约为195Hz。而利用上述定心支片代替现有定心支片，测得发声装置的谐振频率F0约为170Hz。由检测结果可知，使用定心支片作为发声装置的定心支片，可以明显降低发声装置的谐振频率F0，提高低音灵敏度，改善发声装置的声学性能。
总谐波失真THD是反映发声装置声音还原度的参数，该值越大，发声装置声音失真越严重，发声装置的听音效果越差。因此，为获得良好的听感，要求发声装置具有较小的总谐波失真THD。根据本发明的一个实施例， 对使用现有定心支片(曲线b)和使用上述的定心支片的发声装置(曲线c)的总谐波失真THD进行检测，结果如图4所示。从图中可以看到，当频段低于1000Hz时，使用传统定心支片检测得到的发声装置的总谐波失真THD明显高于使用上述定心支片的发声装置的总谐波失真THD。并且，频段越低，两者的差距越大，对发声装置的总谐波失真THD的改善效果越明显。因此，使用本发明的定心支片作为发声装置的定心支片，可以明显提高声音还原度，改善发声装置的听音效果。
可选地，在100-300Hz频段范围内，所述发声装置的总谐波失真THD小于10％。在上述频段范围内，将发声装置的总谐波失真THD限制为小于10％，可以保证发声装置的声音失真程度较小，用户能够获得较好的听音效果。优选地，当频段为200Hz时，将所述发声装置的总谐波失真THD限制为小于2.5％。优选地，当频段为300Hz时，将所述发声装置的总谐波失真THD限制小于2％。
可选地，所述平面弹性部的宽度从第一连接部向第二连接部的方向逐渐增大，所述平面弹性部的宽度方向的两个侧边的延伸线在第一连接部远离第二连接部的方向相交为一点形成一锐角。在一个实施例中，所述锐角的角度不小于10°。进一步地，在更加优选的方案中所述锐角的角度大于20°。
实际检测发现，所述平面弹性部的两个侧边延伸相交后形成的锐角将影响定心支片的力学劲度。如图5示出了本发明的一个实施例的不同角度下，对应的定心支片的力学劲度Kms。当锐角的角度为15°，测试得到定心支片的力学劲度为1.02N/mm，定心支片在平面弹性部发生2mm的弹性形变时弹力变化量为23.5％。增大锐角的角度至25°，所得定心支片的力学劲度为0.565N/mm，定心支片在平面弹性部发生2mm的弹性形变时弹力变化量为7％。继续增大锐角的角度至35°，测试得到定心支片的力学劲度为0.325N/mm，定心支片在平面弹性部发生2mm的弹性形变时弹力变化量为2％。由图6可知，在其他参数相同的情况下，锐角的角度值越大，力学劲度Kms值降低，则该定心支片的线性表现越好。随着所述锐角的角度增大，所述定心支片的力学劲度明显减小，对应使用定心支片作为定心支片的发 声装置的谐振频率F0减小，使得发声装置能够获得更高的低音灵敏度，有利于改善发声装置的声学性能。
可选地，所述平面弹性部中每弯折一次为一个弯折道，所述弯折道的数量不小于三。在此设计方式下，定心支片的有效变形量能够满足发声装置的使用要求，使得发声装置具有良好的声学性能，同时使用寿命满足设计要求。当然，用户可以根据实际需要对定心支片的有效圈数进行调整，本发明对此不作具体限制。在一个实施例中，所述平面弹性部中每弯折一次为一个弯折道，相邻两个所述弯折道之间的间距不大于1.5mm。在更加优选的实施例中，所有相邻两个弯折道之间均为等间距分布。
图7中示出了不同弯折道数和间距下，定心支片的力学劲度值。从图中可知，当平面弹性部共弯折8次形成8个弯折道，且相邻两个弯折道之间均为等间距分布且间距为0.4mm时，该定心支片的力学劲度Kms值为0.473N/mm，定心支片的平面弹性部在发生2mm的弹性形变时弹力变化量为5％；当平面弹性部共弯折6次形成6个弯折道，且相邻两个弯折道之间均为等间距分布且间距为0.6mm时，该定心支片的力学劲度Kms值为0.565N/mm，定心支片的平面弹性部在发生2mm的弹性形变时弹力变化量为7％；当平面弹性部共弯折4次形成4个弯折道，且相邻两个弯折道之间均为等间距分布且间距为1.1mm时，该定心支片的力学劲度Kms值为0.683N/mm，定心支片的平面弹性部在发生2mm的弹性形变时弹力变化量为8.7％。
如图8所示，在其他参数相同的情况下，平面弹性部中弯折道的数量越大，即弯折的次数越多，则该定心支片的力学劲度Kms值降低，则该定心支片的线性表现越好；并且，相邻两个所述弯折道之间的间距越小，即弯折得越紧密，则该定心支片的力学劲度Kms值降低，则该定心支片的线性表现越好。
在一个实施例中，相邻两个所述弯折道之间的间距大于定心支片的金属线的线径。在一个实施例中，所述定心支片的金属线的线径为0.2-0.5mm。在一个更加优选的实施例中，所述定心支片的金属线的线径为0.3-0.4mm。
图9中示出了不同金属线线径下，定心支片的力学劲度值。从图9可知，当金属线的线径为0.3mm时，由该金属线制成的定心支片的力学劲度Kms值为0.565N/mm，定心支片的平面弹性部在发生2mm的弹性形变时弹力变化量为7％；当金属线的线径为0.33mm时，由该金属线制成的定心支片的力学劲度Kms值为0.81N/mm，定心支片的平面弹性部在发生2mm的弹性形变时弹力变化量为6.1％；当金属线的线径为0.35mm时，由该金属线制成的定心支片的力学劲度Kms值为1.01N/mm，定心支片的平面弹性部在发生2mm的弹性形变时弹力变化量为6.1％。
如图10所示，制成该定心支片的金属线的线径值对于该定心支片的力学劲度有着非常明显的影响，在其他参数相同的情况下，线径越大，相应的力学劲度Kms增大，则该定心支片的线性表现变差，但线性表现变化并不明显；考虑到定心支片的整体强度，并不能将金属线的线径选择得过小，太小线径的金属线制成的定心支片将达不到强度的要求，因此将定心支片的金属线的线径定为0.3-0.4mm时，在既能保证定心支片强度要求的同时保证其力学劲度和线性表现。
在一个实施例中，所述第一连接部、平面弹性部及第二连接部为一体成型。即整个定心支片由一根金属线绕制成型为线状，该成型方式在工艺上便于操作，易于加工。同时，通过合理选择金属材料的种类，调节定心支片的性能，可以得到顺性良好、疲劳强度较高的定心支片，使发声装置获得较小的谐振频率F0以及较长的使用寿命。另外，金属材料的耐温耐湿性能较好，制成的定心支片在高温高湿等极端环境下使用，对发声装置的声学性能和使用寿命影响较小。此外，可以用金属材料的定心支件代替发声装置中的锦丝线，用于向音圈本体中通入电信号。该设置方式一方面可以降低发声装置的生产成本，另一方面可以解决现有发声装置体积小型化趋势下的锦丝线的顺性问题，减少因锦丝线顺性引起的听音不良问题，为发声装置产品降低其高度提供条件。
在一个实施例中，参考图1所示，所述平面弹性部设置为一个，所述第一连接部的一个端部呈S形弯折延伸形成所述平面弹性部。在该实施例中，第一连接部的长度与平面弹性部中的最小宽度基本保持一致，整个定 心支片的尺寸较小。
可选地，如图2所述定心支片包括两个所述平面弹性部，所述第一连接部的两端均呈S形弯折延伸以分别形成两个所述平面弹性部。在该实施例中，第一连接部连接两个所述的平面弹性部，两个平面弹性部对称分布在第一连接部的两个端头。
可选地，所述第一连接部在两个所述平面弹性部之间呈弧形。
可选地，所述第一连接部在两个所述平面弹性部之间呈折线状。在本实施方式中，该折线状沿音圈的高度方向形成外凸结构。使用时，外凸结构贴合在音圈的外侧面，对音圈形成稳定的支撑作用。
可选地，如图1-2所示，所述第二连接部为弯钩结构。作为本发明的一种实施方式，在发声装置中设有挂柱，使用时，定心支片通过弯钩结构固定在挂柱上。以此方式实现定心支件与发声装置的连接，可以简化定心支件的安装过程。或者，发声装置内设有挂环，弯钩也可以钩挂在发声装置内的挂环上。本发明对此不做限制。可选地，该弯钩结构的弯折圈数可以为一圈或者至少两圈，当弯钩结构的弯折圈数为至少两圈时，至少两圈弯钩结构在竖直方向上的正投影重叠。增加弯钩结构的弯折圈数有利于将定心支片稳定固定在发声装置上。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括：
    音圈，所述音圈被配置为能够通入电信号；
    定心支片，所述定心支片包括第一连接部、平面弹性部和第二连接部；
    所述的第一连接部被配置为用于连接在所述音圈上，所述的第二连接部被配置为用于固定在发声装置上；
    所述第一连接部向所述第二连接部弯折延伸形成所述平面弹性部；
    所述定心支片的力学劲度Kms为0.2-2N/mm；所述发声装置的谐振频率F0为50-300Hz；
    在100-300Hz频段范围内，所述发声装置的总谐波失真THD小于10％。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，当频段为200Hz时，所述发声装置的总谐波失真THD小于2.5％。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，当频段为300Hz时，所述发声装置的总谐波失真THD小于2％。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述平面弹性部的宽度从第一连接部向第二连接部的方向逐渐增大，所述平面弹性部的宽度方向的两个侧边的延伸线在第一连接部远离第二连接部的方向相交为一点形成一锐角。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述锐角的角度不小于10°。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述锐角的角度大于20°。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述平面弹性部中每弯折一次为一个弯折道，所述弯折道的数量不小于三。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述平面弹性部中每弯折一次为一个弯折道，相邻两个所述弯折道之间的间距不大于1.5mm。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述定心支片由金属线绕制成型为线状，相邻两个所述弯折道之间的间距大于所述金属线的线径。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述金属线的线径为0.2-0.5mm。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述金属线的线径为0.3-0.4mm。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述定心支片包括两个所述平面弹性部，所述第一连接部的两端均呈S形弯折延伸以分别形成两个所述平面弹性部。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第一连接部在两个所述平面弹性部之间呈弧形。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第一连接部在两个所述平面弹性部之间呈折线状。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第二连接部 为弯钩结构。
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