WO2021087634A1 - 生活垃圾制备有机复合土的方法 - Google Patents
生活垃圾制备有机复合土的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021087634A1 WO2021087634A1 PCT/CN2019/000219 CN2019000219W WO2021087634A1 WO 2021087634 A1 WO2021087634 A1 WO 2021087634A1 CN 2019000219 W CN2019000219 W CN 2019000219W WO 2021087634 A1 WO2021087634 A1 WO 2021087634A1
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- garbage
- organic composite
- tank
- composite soil
- domestic
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000021463 dry cake Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/80—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/58—Construction or demolition [C&D] waste
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for treating domestic garbage, in particular to a method for preparing organic composite soil from domestic garbage.
- the public hazards of domestic waste are plastic and chemical fiber toxic products.
- the current harmful treatment methods for domestic waste basically use manual classification. After years of practice, the cost is too high to be implemented. Therefore, the common method of disposal of domestic waste is to landfill or burn it after accumulation.
- the landfill method due to the large amount of land use, causes serious pollution and endangers people’s lives and health; garbage is burned after accumulation, such as diesel incineration, due to excessive investment, excessive combustion costs, and secondary waste pollution. It is also difficult to be widely promoted; while the use of thermal energy from incineration of garbage for power generation or heating, although the garbage treatment is relatively thorough, there is a large scale of construction investment, the investment recovery period is too long, the reuse of domestic garbage cannot be realized, and the combustion process produces secondary pollution. problem.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing organic composite soil from domestic waste, which can realize the harmlessness, reduction, resource utilization and industrialization treatment mode of domestic waste.
- a method for preparing organic composite soil from domestic waste includes the following steps:
- Garbage enters the closed factory area, and the garbage is sorted in the factory area to separate domestic garbage and construction garbage;
- the flocculent domestic waste is conveyed to the first separation device, hit by the toothed lifting shovel and thrown into the tank of the first separation device in bulk, and is blown up from the bottom by the high-pressure fan at the bottom of the tank.
- the wind energy suspension separation method is used for instantaneous combustion, the unburned plastic residue and harmful gas are sucked and recycled by the dust collecting hood of the first separation device, and the useful garbage is discharged from the bottom of the tank and transported to the storage warehouse:
- the useful garbage is sent to the compression box of the squeezing device, and it is squeezed with high intensity to squeeze 80% of the water to form a dry cake.
- the squeezed garbage and sewage flow into the biogas digester or urban sewage pipe network through the pipeline;
- the organic composite soil is used for preparing organic fertilizer.
- the organic composite soil and garbage sewage are used for biogas fermentation, and the biogas formed by fermentation is used as fuel for high-pressure flamethrowers.
- the organic composite soil is used for landfilling and soil improvement.
- the core technology of the present invention is to use wind energy suspension separation technology, through the first and second separation device's two aerial fire treatments, the plastic and chemical fiber hazardous waste suspended in the tank can be burned instantly, so as to achieve no pollution and zero emission.
- the treatment process can be fully automated, the cost is ultra-low, and it can be completed quickly at one time.
- the treatment scale can be large or small, and it can be applied to large and small cities and towns. It has strong promotion operability and practicability, and solves the cost of the existing waste treatment process. Excessively high, complex process, high consumption, difficult to popularize, secondary pollution and other problems.
- Figure 1 is a process flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
- the method for preparing organic composite soil from domestic waste described in this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:
- Step 1 Garbage enters a closed factory area, the scale of the factory area can be large or small, generally covering an area of 10 acres-300 acres; the garbage is classified in the factory area to separate domestic waste and construction waste; construction waste can be processed by the current mature treatment technology deal with.
- Step 2 Put the domestic garbage (wet garbage or terminal garbage) separated in step 1 into a feeding box with a hook machine or forklift.
- the conveyor belt passes through the discharge opening at the lower part of the feeding box, and inside the feeding box
- the domestic garbage evenly falls on the conveyor belt to form a thin layer, which is conveyed to the cutting machine by the conveyor belt, cut into strips, and then mashed into flocs with a roller fork.
- Step 3 The flocculent domestic waste obtained in step 2 is transferred to the first separation device.
- the first separation device is provided with a tank body, the tank body is provided with an inlet, and the inlet is provided with a toothed lifting shovel.
- the rotating blow of the toothed lifting shovel lifts the flocculent garbage into bulk and throws it into the tank; the bottom of the tank is equipped with a high-pressure fan, through the high-pressure fan to blow up the scattered garbage from the bottom, using plastic, chemical fiber and The proportion of other domestic garbage is different.
- the plastic and chemical fiber harmful substances in the garbage are floated in the upper space of the tank, and they are quickly separated from the useful garbage; the tank is equipped with a high-pressure flamethrower, and the plastic and chemical fiber floating high in the tank body Hazardous substances are burned instantaneously by the suspension combustion method; the upper part of the tank is equipped with a dust collecting hood, and the unburned plastic residue and harmful gas are sucked and recycled through the dust collecting hood.
- the useful garbage is discharged from the discharge port at the bottom of the tank and transported to the material. Library.
- Step 4 Send the useful garbage obtained in step 3 to the compression box of the squeezing device.
- the compression box has an upper and lower high-strength extrusion structure.
- the useful garbage is squeezed with high strength to squeeze out 80% of the water to form a dry cake
- the squeezed garbage and sewage flows into the biogas digester or urban sewage pipe network through the pipeline.
- step 5 the dry waste cakes obtained in step 4 are conveyed to the cutting and crushing machine through a conveyor belt, and the dry waste cakes are cut and crushed in the cutting box of the cutting and crushing machine to reach a powder shape.
- Step 6 Transfer the powdery garbage obtained in step 5 to the second separation device.
- the second separation device has the same structure and working principle as the first separation device. The remaining powdery garbage is harmful in the tank of the second separation device. The residue is destroyed, and the organic composite soil is finally obtained, which is transported to the stockyard for storage.
- the organic composite soil obtained in the embodiments of the present invention is used to prepare organic fertilizer; it can be transported to a biogas fermentation tank together with garbage and sewage, and biogas is produced through high-temperature fermentation by solar energy. After effective recovery and storage, it can be used for civil fuel or biogas power generation, and is especially useful
- the fuel used in the high-pressure flamethrower of the first and second separation devices realizes fuel self-sufficiency in garbage treatment. Residual waste residue after biogas fermentation can also be used to prepare organic fertilizer; it can also be used to reclaim land and improve soil; and form a circular economy .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
一种生活垃圾制备有机复合土的方法,该方法是将破碎后的垃圾通过扬料铲击碎成散状抛入第一分离装置的罐体内,被高压风机从底部向上吹起,使垃圾中的塑料有害物与有用垃圾快速分离,再通过高压喷火器将高空漂浮的塑料有害物瞬间燃烧,未燃尽的塑料残渣及有害气体被集尘罩吸走回收,有用垃圾由罐体底部排出并送至压缩箱,将80%的水分挤出形成干饼状,垃圾干饼送至切割粉碎机切割及粉碎成粉末状;粉末垃圾再进入与第一分离装置结构相同的第二分离装置,将粉末状垃圾中的剩余有害残留物摧毁,最终得到有机复合土。该方法采用风能悬浮分离技术,解决了现有垃圾处理方法存在的成本过高、工艺复杂、消耗大、难普及、二次污染等问题。
Description
本发明涉及生活垃圾处理方法,具体是一种生活垃圾制备有机复合土的方法。
生活垃圾的公害是塑料及化纤有毒制品,目前针对生活垃圾的有害化处理方式基本是采用人工分类处理,经过多年实践,成本太高,难以实施。因此,常见的生活垃圾处理方法是将其填埋或者堆积后燃烧。垃圾填埋方式,由于大量使用土地,形成严重污染,危害着人们的生命健康;垃圾堆积后燃烧,比如采用柴油焚烧形式,由于投资过大,燃烧成本过高,废弃物二次污染等问题,也难以广泛推广;而利用焚烧垃圾的热能发电或供热,虽然垃圾处理的比较彻底,但存在建设投资规模大,投资回收期过长,不能实现生活垃圾再利用,燃烧过程产生二次污染的问题。近些年来,国家对环境保护,以及对城市生活垃圾的处理给予了高度重视,并投入大量的财力、物力、人力进行治理和控制。由于处理设备及技术相对滞后,还远未达到较为理想有效的处理目的。这与生活垃圾处理走“无害化、减量化、资源化、产业化”的道路要求相差甚远。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种生活垃圾制备有机复合土的方法,该方法能够实现生活垃圾的无害化、减量化、资源化、产业化处理模式。
本发明解决其技术问题采用的技术方案是:
一种生活垃圾制备有机复合土的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)垃圾进入封闭厂区,在厂区内进行垃圾分类,分离出生活垃圾和建筑垃圾;
(2)将分离出的生活垃圾传送至切割机进行切割,用滚叉捣成絮状;
(3)絮状的生活垃圾传送至第一分离装置,通过带齿扬料铲击打并扬成散状抛入第一分离装置的罐体内,被罐体底部的高压风机由底部向上吹起,利用塑料、化纤与其他生活垃圾比重的不同,将垃圾中的塑料、化纤有害物漂浮在罐体内上空,与有用垃圾快速分离,再通过高压喷火器将罐体内高空漂浮的塑料、化纤有害物以风能悬浮分离法瞬问燃烧,未燃尽的塑料残渣及有害气体被第一分离装置的集尘罩吸走回收,有用垃圾由罐体底部排出并输送至料库:
(4)有用垃圾送至挤压装置的压缩箱,被高强度挤压,将80%的水份挤出,形成干饼,挤出的垃圾污水通过管道流入沼气池或城市污水管网;
(5)将形成干饼的垃圾传送至切割粉碎机的切割箱内进行切割及粉碎,达到粉末状;
(6)将粉末垃圾传送至与第一分离装置结构相同的第二分离装置,在第二分离装置的罐体内将粉末状垃圾中的剩余有害残留物摧毁,最终得到有机复合土,输送至料场堆放。
本发明更进一步的技术方案是:
所述的有机复合土用于制备有机肥料。
所述的有机复合土及垃圾污水用于沼气发酵,发酵形成的沼气用于高压喷火器的燃料。
所述的有机复合土用于填埋造地、改良土壤。
采用上述技术方案的本发明,与现有技术相比,有益效果是:
本发明的核心技术是采用风能悬浮分离技术,通过第一、第二分离装置的两次空中喷火处理,将悬浮在罐体内的塑料、化纤有害垃圾瞬间燃烧掉,做到无污染、零排放,处理过程可以全程自动化,成本超低,一次性快速完成,处理规模可大可小,大小城市及乡镇均可适用,具有很强的推广操作性、实用性,解决了现有垃圾处理工艺成本过高、工艺复杂、消耗大、难普及、存在二次污染等问题。
图1为本发明实施例的工艺流程图。
下面结合附图及实施例详述本发明。
参见图1,本实施例所述的一种生活垃圾制备有机复合土的方法,按下述步骤进行:
步骤1,垃圾进入封闭厂区,厂区规模可大可小,一般占地10亩-300亩;在厂区内将垃圾进行分类,分离出生活垃圾和建筑垃圾;建筑垃圾可以通过目前较为成熟的处理技术处理。
步骤2,将步骤1分离出的生活垃圾(湿垃圾或终端垃圾)用钩机或铲车装入一个给料箱中,输送带从给料箱下部的排料口穿过,给料箱内的生活垃圾均匀落在输送带上形成薄层,被输送带传送至切割机,切割成条状,再用滚叉捣成絮状。
步骤3,将步骤2得到的絮状生活垃圾传送至第一分离装置,第一分离装置设有罐体,罐体上设有入料口,入料口部设有带齿扬料铲,通过带齿扬料铲的旋转击打将絮状垃圾扬成散状而抛入罐体内;罐体底部设有高压风机,通过高压风机将散状的垃圾由底部向上吹起,利用塑料、化纤与其他生活垃圾比重的不同,将垃圾中的塑料、化纤有害物漂浮在罐体内上空,与有用垃圾快速分离;罐体上设有高压喷火器,通过高压喷火器将罐体内高空漂浮的塑料、化纤有害物以悬浮燃烧法瞬间燃烧;罐体上部设有集尘罩,未燃尽的塑料残渣及有害气体通过集尘罩吸走回收,有用垃圾由罐体底部的排料口排出并输送至料库。
步骤4,将步骤3得到的有用垃圾送至挤压装置的压缩箱,压缩箱为上、下高强挤压结构, 有用垃圾被高强度挤压,将80%的水份挤出,形成干饼状,挤出的垃圾污水通过管道流入沼气池或城市污水管网。
步骤5,将步骤4得到的垃圾干饼通过输送带传送至切割粉碎机,垃圾干饼在切割粉碎机的切割箱内进行切割及粉碎,达到粉末状。
步骤6,将步骤5得到的粉末状垃圾传送至第二分离装置,第二分离装置与第一分离装置的结构及工作原理相同,在第二分离装置的罐体内将粉末状垃圾中的剩余有害残留物摧毁,最终得到有机复合土,输送至料场堆放。
本发明实施例得到的有机复合土用于制备有机肥料;可与垃圾污水一起输送到沼气发酵池,通过太阳能高温发酵产生沼气,经过有效回收储藏,用于民用燃料或者用于沼气发电,尤其可用于第一、第二分离装置的高压喷火器的燃料,实现垃圾处理中的燃料自给,沼气发酵后的残余废渣也可用于制备有机肥;还可用于填理造地、改良土壤;形成循环经济。
以上仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护不限于此,任何本技术领域的技术人员所能想到的与本技本方案技术特征等同的变化或替代,都涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
- 一种生活垃圾制备有机复合土的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:(1)垃圾进入封闭厂区,在厂区内进行垃圾分类,分离出生活垃圾和建筑垃圾;(2)将分离出的生活垃圾传送至切割机进行切割,用滚叉捣成絮状;(3)絮状的生活垃圾传送至第一分离装置,并通过带齿扬料铲击打并扬成散状抛入第一分离装置的罐体内,被罐体底部的高压风机由底部向上吹起,利用塑料、化纤与其他生活垃圾比重的不同,将垃圾中的塑料、化纤有害物漂浮在罐体内上空,与有用垃圾快速分离,再通过高压喷火器将罐体内高空漂浮的塑料、化纤有害物瞬间燃烧,未燃尽的塑料残渣及有害气体被第一分离装置的集尘罩吸走回收,有用垃圾由罐体底部排出并输送至料库;(4)有用垃圾送至挤压装置的压缩箱,被高强度挤压,将80%的水份挤出,形成干饼状,挤出的垃圾污水通过管道流入沼气池或城市污水管网;(5)将形成干饼的垃圾传送至切割粉碎机的切割箱内进行切割及粉碎,达到粉末状;(6)将粉末垃圾传送至与第一分离装置结构相同的第二分离装置,在第二分离装置的罐体内将粉末状垃圾中的剩余有害残留物摧毁,最终得到有机复合土,输送至料场堆放。
- 根据权利要求1所述的生活垃圾制备有机复合土的方法,其特征在于:所述的有机复合土用于制备有机肥料。
- 根据权利要求1所述的生活垃圾制备有机复合土的方法,其特征在于:所述的有机复合土及垃圾污水用于沼气发酵,发酵形成的沼气用于高压喷火器的燃料。
- 根据权利要求1所述的生活垃圾制备有机复合土的方法,其特征在于:所述的有机复合土用于填埋造地、改良土壤。
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CN103990599A (zh) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-08-20 | 桂林润泰生物科技有限公司 | 一种生活垃圾分选装置 |
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