WO2021083152A1 - 一种快拆结构及飞行器 - Google Patents

一种快拆结构及飞行器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021083152A1
WO2021083152A1 PCT/CN2020/124056 CN2020124056W WO2021083152A1 WO 2021083152 A1 WO2021083152 A1 WO 2021083152A1 CN 2020124056 W CN2020124056 W CN 2020124056W WO 2021083152 A1 WO2021083152 A1 WO 2021083152A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lock
slideway
piece
release structure
quick release
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Application number
PCT/CN2020/124056
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
梁智颖
Original Assignee
深圳市道通智能航空技术股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021083152A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021083152A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C27/00—Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
    • B64C27/006—Safety devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C39/00—Aircraft not otherwise provided for
    • B64C39/02—Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D45/00—Aircraft indicators or protectors not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U30/00—Means for producing lift; Empennages; Arrangements thereof
    • B64U30/20—Rotors; Rotor supports

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of aircraft, in particular to a quick-release structure and an aircraft.
  • UAV is an unmanned tool operated by radio remote control equipment or remote control device to perform tasks.
  • An unmanned aerial vehicle usually includes a fuselage and an arm extending from the fuselage, each arm is provided with a propeller, and the rotation of the propeller drives the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly.
  • the propeller may hit hard objects when rotating, causing damage to the propeller or scratching people or objects. Therefore, a protective cover is connected to the propeller to prevent the propeller from contacting other objects.
  • the existing connecting structure of the protective cover and the propeller is complicated to assemble and disassemble, and it is not easy to assemble and disassemble quickly.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a quick disassembly structure, so that the connection structure is simple to assemble and disassemble, and realizes rapid assembly and disassembly.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a quick release structure including:
  • the first piece
  • the second piece, one of the first piece and the second piece is provided with a bump, and the other is provided with a slot, and the bump is inserted into or separated from the slot in the first direction, Installing or disassembling the first piece and the second piece;
  • the lock mechanism is arranged on the second piece and can be selectively inserted into the first piece along the insertion direction, and the insertion direction and the first direction are arranged at an angle.
  • the first member includes a first arc portion
  • the second member includes a second arc portion
  • the second arc portion can be snapped onto the outer peripheral surface of the first arc portion, so One of the first arc part and the second arc part is provided with the protrusion, and the other is provided with the slot.
  • the annular protrusion can be inserted into or separated from the annular groove.
  • the quick release structure includes two lock mechanisms, and the insertion directions of the two lock mechanisms are arranged at an included angle, and the slot or the protrusion is located between the two lock mechanisms.
  • the second piece further includes a connecting arm, one end of the connecting arm is connected to the second arc part, and the lock mechanism is arranged on the connecting arm.
  • the lock mechanism includes:
  • a fixing frame is fixed on the connecting arm, and a slideway is opened on the fixing frame;
  • the lock cylinder is connected to the toggle key, and the toggle key is configured to be able to slide in the slideway, so that the lock cylinder locks the first piece and the second piece. Switch between the position and the unlocked position for unlocking the first piece and the second piece.
  • the lock mechanism further includes:
  • An elastic member one end of the elastic member is fixedly connected with the fixing frame or the connecting arm, and the other end is fixedly connected with the lock cylinder, so that the lock cylinder is kept in the locked position.
  • the slideway has an L-shaped structure, including a first horizontal slideway and a first longitudinal slideway that are arranged at an angle and communicate with each other, and the length direction of the first longitudinal slideway is consistent with the insertion direction, so The first horizontal slideway is located at an end of the first longitudinal slideway away from the second arc part.
  • a limit bump is provided at the junction of the first horizontal slideway and the first vertical slideway.
  • the end of the lock cylinder is provided with a lock plate; when the lock cylinder is in the unlocking position, the lock plate is in the first state to be inserted into or separated from the first piece When the lock core is in the locking position, the lock plate is in the second state to abut against the inner wall of the first piece.
  • the slideway has an L-shaped structure, including a second horizontal slideway and a second vertical slideway that are arranged at an angle and communicate with each other, and the second horizontal slideway is located near the second vertical slideway.
  • the toggle key slides in the second horizontal slide, so that the lock cylinder can rotate around its own axis.
  • At least one end of the second arc part is bent upward or downward along its axial direction to form a curved part
  • the lock mechanism includes a locking protrusion arranged inside the curved part
  • the first arc part is A bayonet
  • the bent portion is configured to be deformable in a direction opposite to the bending direction of the bent portion so as to snap-fit the locking protrusion with the bayonet.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an aircraft to improve the efficiency of assembling and disassembling the propeller and the protective cover.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • An aircraft includes the above-mentioned quick-release structure.
  • the relative movement of the propeller and the protective cover in a direction perpendicular to the first direction can be restricted. Since the insertion direction of the lock mechanism is set at an included angle with the first direction, after the lock mechanism is inserted into the propeller, the protective cover can be restricted from moving in the first direction.
  • the lock mechanism is separated from the propeller, and the convex block is disengaged from the groove in the direction opposite to the first direction to realize the rapid disassembly of the protective cover.
  • the quick disassembly structure provided by the invention is simple and fast to assemble and disassemble.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a propeller and a protective cover provided in the first embodiment of the present invention when not installed;
  • Fig. 2 is another schematic diagram of the structure of the propeller and the protective cover provided in the first embodiment of the present invention when not installed;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the propeller and the protective cover provided in the first embodiment of the present invention after installation;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in Figure 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure at A in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of B-B when the lock mechanism locks the propeller in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of B-B when the lock mechanism unlocks the propeller in Fig. 3;
  • FIG. 8 is an exploded schematic diagram of the lock mechanism and the protective cover provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the lock mechanism provided in the second embodiment of the present invention when unlocking the propeller;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking mechanism provided in the second embodiment of the present invention when the propeller is locked;
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a lock mechanism provided in a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Lock mechanism 31, fixed frame; 32, toggle key; 33, lock cylinder; 331, groove; 332, lock plate; 34, elastic member; 35, slide; 351, first horizontal slide; 352 , The first longitudinal slide; 36, the first connecting piece; 37, the second connecting piece; 38, the card convex.
  • locating words are defined.
  • the locating words used such as “ ⁇ ”, “ ⁇ ”, “ ⁇ ” and “RIGHT” refer to the length of the quick release structure provided by the present invention.
  • inner and outer refer to the inner and outer parts relative to the contour of each part itself.
  • the "on" or “under” of the first feature of the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the first and second features. Not in direct contact but through other features between them.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the second feature of the first feature include the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature.
  • the “below”, “below” and “beneath” the first feature of the second feature include the first feature directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.
  • connection In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stipulated and limited otherwise, the terms “connected”, “connected”, and “fixed” should be interpreted broadly, for example, they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated. ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • connection e.g., they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated. ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.
  • This embodiment provides a quick-release structure used in the connection of the propeller 1 and the protective cover 2 of the drone, but it is not limited to this, and can also be used in other devices to simplify the process of disassembling and assembling the two components. Realize quick disassembly and assembly.
  • the quick release structure provided by this embodiment includes a first piece, a second piece and a lock structure.
  • the first part is the propeller 1 and the second part is the protective cover 2 as an example for description.
  • the quick release structure is also within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the propeller 1 is provided with a protrusion 151
  • the protective cover 2 is provided with a slot 231.
  • the protrusion 151 is inserted into or separated from the slot 231 in a first direction (the L direction as shown by the arrow in FIG. 2), so that the propeller 1
  • the protective cover 2 is installed or removed along the first direction (the L direction shown by the arrow in Fig. 2).
  • the protrusion 151 can restrict the relative movement of the propeller 1 and the protective cover 2 in a direction perpendicular to the first direction after being inserted into the slot 231, that is, the slot 231 and the insert block can restrict the propeller 1 and the protective cover 2 from moving in the up and down directions. Relative movement in the front and back directions (direction perpendicular to the paper surface).
  • the lock mechanism 3 is arranged on the protective cover 2 and can be selectively inserted into the propeller 1, and the insertion direction of the lock mechanism 3 into the propeller 1 is arranged at an angle with the first direction. Since the insertion direction of the lock mechanism 3 is set at an angle with the first direction, when the lock mechanism 3 is inserted into the propeller 1, the protective cover 2 can be restricted from moving in the first direction. By inserting the lock mechanism 3 into the propeller 1, and inserting the protrusion 151 of the propeller 1 into the groove 331 in the first direction, the relative movement of the protective cover 2 and the propeller 1 in six directions is restricted, that is, the protective cover 2 It is fixed to the propeller 1, and the protective cover 2 is quickly installed.
  • the lock mechanism 3 is disengaged from the propeller 1, and the protrusion 151 is disengaged from the groove 331 in a direction opposite to the first direction, so that the protective cover 2 can be quickly disassembled.
  • the quick disassembly structure provided by this embodiment is simple and fast to assemble and disassemble.
  • the propeller 1 includes a motor 11, a rotating shaft 12, a blade 13 and an arm 14.
  • the motor 11 is drivingly connected to the rotating shaft 12
  • the paddle 13 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 12
  • the connecting arm 21 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 12 through a bearing and other components.
  • the arm 14 includes an arm body and a first arc part 15.
  • the first arc part 15 is connected to one end of the arm body and encloses to form a circular hole.
  • the bearing penetrates the circular hole so that the arm 14 is connected to the bearing .
  • the protective cover 2 includes a connecting arm 21, an arc-shaped protective rod 22, and a second arc part 23. Both ends of the protection rod 22 are connected with a connecting arm 21, and one end of the connecting arm 21 that is not connected to the protection rod 22 is connected to the outside of the second arc portion 23.
  • the second arc portion 23 can be buckled on the outer peripheral surface of the first arc portion 15, wherein the protrusion 151 is provided on the first arc portion 15, and the slot 231 is provided on the second arc portion 23.
  • the protrusion 151 is provided with an annular groove 152 on the outer circumference
  • the slot 231 is provided with an annular protrusion 232 on the outer circumference
  • the annular protrusion 232 can be inserted into or removed from the ring. ⁇ 152 ⁇ Shaped groove 152.
  • the annular protrusion 232 and the annular groove 152 form a second insertion barrier, which further restricts the movement of the protective cover 2 and the propeller 1 in a direction perpendicular to the first direction.
  • a slot 231 may be provided on the propeller 1 and a protrusion 151 may be provided on the protective cover 2. That is, the protrusion 151 is provided on the second arc portion 23, and the slot 231 is provided on the first arc portion 15. As shown in FIG. The groove wall of the slot 231 extends to the side where the second arc portion 23 is located to form an annular protrusion 232; the protrusion 151 is provided on the second arc portion 23, and the second arc portion 23 is provided with an annular protrusion From 232 to the annular groove 152.
  • the lock mechanism 3 is provided on the connecting arm 21, wherein the lock mechanism 3 may be provided on only one of the connecting arms 21, or one lock mechanism 3 may be provided on both of the connecting arms 21.
  • a lock mechanism 3 is provided on each of the two connecting arms 21, and the slot 231 is located between the two lock mechanisms 3.
  • the insertion directions of the two lock mechanisms 3 are set at an included angle, and the insertion directions of the two lock mechanisms 3 are both set at an included angle in the first direction, so as to ensure that the propeller 1 and the protective cover 2 are fixed, and the propeller 1 and the protective cover 2 will not follow along. Separation occurs in the first direction.
  • the two lock mechanisms 3 can make the distance between the second arc portion 23 and the first arc portion 15 consistent, and prevent the end of the second arc portion 23 from tilting downward.
  • the lock mechanism 3 includes a fixing frame 31, a toggle key 32, a lock core 33 and an elastic member 34.
  • the fixing frame 31 is fixed to the connecting arm 21 through the first connecting member 36, and a slideway 35 is provided on the fixing frame 31.
  • the toggle key 32 is configured to be slidable on the slide 35 so that the lock core 33 can be switched between a locked position for locking the propeller 1 and the protective cover 2 and an unlocked position for unlocking the propeller 1 and the protective cover 2.
  • the elastic member 34 may be a spring or an elastic piece. In this embodiment, the elastic member 34 is a spring.
  • the lock core 33 and the toggle key 32 are connected by a second connecting piece 37.
  • the first connecting member 36 and the second connecting member 37 may be screws or other connecting members.
  • the connecting arm 21 is a hollow structure
  • the lock cylinder 33 is located in the connecting arm 21, and can reciprocate relative to the connecting arm 21 along the length of the lock cylinder 33, wherein the length of the lock cylinder 33 corresponds to the insertion of the lock mechanism 3. The direction is the same.
  • the first arc portion 15 is provided with a lock hole 153 through which the lock cylinder 33 can pass
  • the second arc portion 23 is also provided with a keyhole through which the lock cylinder 33 can pass.
  • the toggle key 32 slides in the slideway 35, so that the lock core 33 penetrates the lock hole 153, and the lock core 33 is in the locking position of the locking propeller 1; and the lock core 33 is separated from the lock hole 153, and the lock core 33 is in the unlocking propeller. 1 unlocked position.
  • the slideway 35 in order to realize the conversion of the lock cylinder 33 between the locked position and the unlocked position, the slideway 35 includes a first horizontal slideway 351 and a first longitudinal slideway 352 that are arranged at an angle and communicate with each other.
  • the slideway 35 has an L-shaped structure, the length direction of the first longitudinal slideway 352 is consistent with the insertion direction of the lock mechanism 3, and the first horizontal slideway 351 is located on the first longitudinal slideway 352 away from the second arc portion 23 One end.
  • a limit protrusion is provided at the connection between the first horizontal slideway 351 and the first vertical slideway 352 to restrict the sliding of the toggle key 32 from the first horizontal slideway 351 to the first vertical slideway 352.
  • One end of the elastic member 34 is fixedly connected to the fixing frame 31 or the connecting arm 21, and the other end is fixedly connected to the lock core 33.
  • the lock cylinder 33 is maintained in the locked position; in this embodiment, a groove 331 is provided at the rear end of the lock cylinder 33 through which the elastic member 34 passes The groove 331 is connected with the lock core 33.
  • the elastic member 34 When the toggle key 32 is located on the first longitudinal slide 352, the elastic member 34 is in a compressed state, and the lock cylinder 33 is subjected to the elastic force toward the second arc portion 23. Therefore, the elastic member 34 can keep the lock cylinder 33 at the locking propeller 1 all the time. ⁇ locking position.
  • the toggle key 32 moves from the first longitudinal slideway 352 to the end of the first horizontal slideway 351, the lock core 33 is separated from the lock hole 153, and the lock core 33 is in the unlocked position of unlocking the propeller 1.
  • the lock cylinder 33 can be rotatably connected with the fixing frame 31 or the connecting arm 21, the toggle key 32 moves along the first horizontal slide 351, the lock cylinder 33 rotates around its own axis, and the toggle key 32 abuts against the first horizontal slide 351.
  • the side wall or the limiting protrusion can restrict the movement of the toggle key 32 in the slideway 35, that is, to ensure that the lock core 33 is always in the unlocked position of unlocking the propeller 1.
  • the lock cylinder 33 can be slidably connected to the fixing frame 31 or the connecting arm 21, the toggle key 32 moves along the first horizontal slide 351, the movement track of the lock cylinder 33 and the toggle key 32 are the same, and the toggle key 32 abuts against the A lateral slideway 351 is located on the side wall or the limiting protrusion, so as to restrict the movement of the toggle key 32 and the lock cylinder 33.
  • This embodiment also provides an aircraft, which may be a drone.
  • the aircraft includes the above-mentioned quick disassembly structure, so that the propeller 1 and the protective cover 2 can be quickly assembled and disassembled.
  • the quick release structure of the second embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the difference between the two is that the specific structures of the lock mechanism 3 and the slideway 35 are different.
  • the lock mechanism 3 includes a fixing frame 31, a toggle key 32 and a lock core 33.
  • the end of the lock cylinder 33 is provided with a lock plate 332.
  • the lock plate 332 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure.
  • the lock hole 153 provided on the first arc 15 is a waist-shaped hole.
  • the lock cylinder 33 reciprocates along its length. The lock plate 332 is inserted into the lock hole 153 or disengaged from the lock hole 153.
  • the lock plate 332 when the lock plate 332 is inserted into or removed from the lock plate 332, the lock core 33 is in the unlocking position of unlocking the propeller 1, the lock plate 332 is in the first state, and the lock plate 332 can pass through the lock hole 153.
  • the lock cylinder 33 when the lock plate 332 is inserted into the lock hole 153, the lock cylinder 33 can rotate 90°, the lock cylinder 33 is in the locking position of the propeller 1, the lock plate 332 is in the second state, and the length of the lock plate 332 is Greater than the width of the lock hole 153, the lock plate 332 abuts against the inner wall of the propeller 1, thereby restricting the lock plate 332 from escaping from the lock hole 153.
  • the slideway 35 includes a second transverse slideway and a second longitudinal slideway arranged at an angle, preferably, the second transverse slide and the second longitudinal slide
  • the lane is L-shaped, and the second horizontal slide is located at an end of the second vertical slide near the second arc portion 23, and the toggle key 32 slides in the second horizontal slide to enable the lock cylinder 33 to rotate around its own axis.
  • the second transverse slideway has a circular arc structure with a circular arc angle of 90°.
  • the lock core 33 When the toggle key 32 is located on the second longitudinal slide, the lock core 33 is in the unlocked position to unlock the propeller 1, and the lock plate 332 is in the first state (as shown in FIG. 9).
  • the lock plate 332 of the lock cylinder 33 is inserted into the first arc portion 15 through the lock hole 153.
  • the toggle key 32 is located on the second horizontal slideway and slides along the second horizontal slideway away from the second longitudinal slideway to rotate the lock cylinder 33 by 90°, and the lock plate 332 is in the second state (as shown in Figure 10). ), the lock core 33 is in the locking position of the locking protection cover 2.
  • the quick release structure of the third embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the difference between the two is that the specific structure of the lock mechanism 3 is different.
  • At least one end of the second arc portion 23 is bent upward or downward along its axial direction to form a curved portion 233 (as shown by the dashed line in FIG. 11).
  • the lock mechanism 3 includes a locking protrusion 38, which is disposed on the inner side of the curved portion 233
  • a bayonet 154 is provided on the first arc portion 15, and the curved portion 233 is configured to be deformable in a direction opposite to the bending direction thereof so that the bayonet 38 and the bayonet 154 are snap-fitted.
  • the curved portion 233 applies pressure to the first arc portion 15, thereby increasing the friction between the buckle 38 and the side wall of the bayonet 154, and enhances the buckle 154 and the buckle 38
  • the strength of the connection makes the propeller 1 and the protective cover 2 lock tight.
  • the second arc portion 23 is made of an elastic material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)

Abstract

一种快拆结构及飞行器。快拆结构包括第一件；第二件，第一件和第二件中的一个上设置有凸块（151），另一个上设置有插槽（231），凸块（151）沿第一方向插接于或脱离插槽（231），使第一件和第二件安装或拆卸；锁机构（3），设置于第二件上，能够选择性地沿插入方向插入第一件，且插入方向与第一方向呈夹角设置。通过将锁机构（3）插入到螺旋桨（1）内，以及沿第一方向将螺旋桨（1）上的凸块（151）插入到插槽（231）内，限制了保护罩（2）与螺旋桨（1）沿六个方向上的相对运动，实现了保护罩（2）的快速安装。当需要拆卸保护罩（2）时，使锁机构（3）脱离螺旋桨，沿与第一方向相反的方向使凸块（151）脱离插槽（231），实现保护罩（2）的快速拆卸。

Description

一种快拆结构及飞行器
本申请要求于2019年10月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911033355.X、申请名称为“一种快拆结构及飞行器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及飞行器技术领域，尤其涉及一种快拆结构及飞行器。
背景技术
无人机是一种由无线电遥控设备或者远程控制装置操纵以执行任务的非载人工具。
无人机通常包括机身及自所述机身伸展的机臂，每一机臂上设置有螺旋桨，螺旋桨的旋转带动所述无人机飞行。但是有时候由于操控失误或所述无人机失控，螺旋桨旋转时可能会磕碰硬物导致螺旋桨损坏，或是螺旋桨划伤人或物，因此螺旋桨上连接有保护罩，避免螺旋桨接触到其他物体。
目前现有的保护罩与螺旋桨的连接结构装拆复杂，不易快速装拆。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种快拆结构，以使连接结构装拆简单，实现快速装拆。
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种快拆结构，包括：
第一件；
第二件，所述第一件和所述第二件中的一个上设置有凸块，另一个上设置有插槽，所述凸块沿第一方向插接于或脱离所述插槽，使所述第一件和所述第二件安装或拆卸；
锁机构，设置于所述第二件上，能够选择性地沿插入方向插入所述第一件，且所述插入方向与所述第一方向呈夹角设置。
作为优选，所述第一件包括第一圆弧部，所述第二件包括第二圆弧部，所述第二圆弧部能够扣合于所述第一圆弧部的外周面，所述第一圆弧部和所述第二圆弧部的一个上设置有所述凸块，另一个上设置有所述插槽。
作为优选，所述第一圆弧部和所述第二圆弧部两者中，一个上设置有所述凸块以及位于所述凸块外周的环状凹槽，另一个上设置有所述插槽以及位于所述插槽外周的环状凸起，所述环状凸起能插入或脱离所述环状凹槽。
作为优选，所述快拆结构包括两个所述锁机构，且两个所述锁机构的插入方向呈夹角设置，所述插槽或所述凸块位于两个所述锁机构之间。
作为优选，所述第二件还包括连接臂，所述连接臂的一端连接于所述第二圆弧部上，所述锁机构设置于所述连接臂上。
作为优选，所述锁机构包括：
固定架，固定于所述连接臂上，所述固定架上开设有滑道；
拨动键，滑动设置于所述滑道内；
锁芯，与所述拨动键连接，所述拨动键被配置为能在所述滑道内滑动，以使所述锁芯在锁紧所述第一件和所述第二件的锁紧位置和解锁所述第一件和所述第二件的解锁位置间切换。
作为优选，所述锁机构还包括：
弹性件，所述弹性件的一端与所述固定架或所述连接臂固定连接，另一端与所述锁芯固定连接，以使所述锁芯保持在所述锁紧位置。
作为优选，所述滑道为L形结构，包括呈角度设置且相互连通的第一横滑道和第一纵滑道，所述第一纵滑道的长度方向与所述插入方向一致，所述第一横滑道位于所述第一纵滑道远离所述第二圆弧部的一端。
作为优选，所述第一横滑道和所述第一纵滑道的连接处设置有限位凸块。
作为优选，所述锁芯的端部设置有锁板；所述锁芯处于所述解锁位置时，所述锁板处于第一状态，以插入所述第一件内或脱离所述第一件；所述锁芯处于所述锁紧位置时，所述锁板处于第二状态，以与所述第一件内壁抵接。
作为优选，所述滑道为L形结构，包括呈角度设置且相互连通的第二横滑道和第二纵滑道，所述第二横滑道位于所述第二纵滑道靠近所述第二圆弧部的一端，所述拨动键在所述第二横滑道内滑动，能够使所述锁芯绕自身轴线转动。
作为优选，所述第二圆弧部的至少一端沿其轴向向上或向下弯曲形成弯曲部，所述锁机构包括设置于所述弯曲部内侧的卡凸，所述第一圆弧部上设置有卡口，所述弯曲部部被配置为能沿与其弯曲方向相反的方向变形以使所述卡凸与所述卡口卡接配合。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种飞行器，以提高螺旋桨与保护罩的装拆效率。
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种飞行器，包括上述的快拆结构。
本发明的有益效果：
凸块插接于插槽后能够限制螺旋桨和保护罩沿垂直于第一方向的方向相对运动。由于锁机构的插入方向与第一方向呈夹角设置，因此，当锁机构插入螺旋桨之后，就可以限制保护罩沿第一方向运动。通过将锁机构插入到螺旋桨内，以及沿第一方向将螺旋桨凸块插入到凹槽内，从而限制保护罩与螺旋桨沿六个方向上的相对运动，即将保护罩固定到螺旋桨上，实现了保护罩的快速安装。当需要拆卸保护罩时，使锁机构脱离螺旋桨，沿与第一方向相反的方向使凸块脱离凹槽，实现保护罩的快速拆卸。本发明提供的快拆结构装拆简单、快速。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例一提供的螺旋桨与保护罩未安装时的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例一提供的螺旋桨与保护罩未安装时的又一结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例一提供的螺旋桨与保护罩安装后的结构示意图；
图4是图3中A-A向的剖视图；
图5是图4中A处的结构示意图；
图6是图3中当锁机构锁定螺旋桨时B-B向的剖视图；
图7是图3中当锁机构解锁螺旋桨时B-B向的剖视图；
图8是本发明实施例一提供的锁机构与保护罩分解后的分解示意图；
图9是本发明实施例二提供的锁机构解锁螺旋桨时的结构示意图；
图10是本发明实施例二提供的锁机构锁定螺旋桨时的结构示意图；
图11是本发明实施例三提供的锁机构的结构示意图。
图中：
1、螺旋桨；11、电机；12、转轴；13、桨叶；14、机臂；15、第一圆弧部；151、凸块；152、环状凹槽；153、锁孔；154、卡口；
2、保护罩；21、连接臂；22、防护杆；23、第二圆弧部；231、插槽；232、环状凸起；233、弯曲部；
3、锁机构；31、固定架；32、拨动键；33、锁芯；331、凹槽；332、锁板；34、弹性件；35、滑道；351、第一横滑道；352、第一纵滑道；36、第一连接件；37、第二连接件；38、卡凸。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本发明，而非对本发明的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与本发明相关的部分而非全部。
本发明中限定了一些方位词，在未作出相反说明的情况下，所使用的方位词如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”是指本发明提供的快拆结构正长使用情况下定义的，“内”、“外”是指相对于各个零件本身轮廓的内外。这些方位词是为了便于理解而采用的，因而不构成对本发明保护范围的限制。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水 平高度小于第二特征。
在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、“固定”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
实施例一
本实施例提供了一种快拆结构，用于无人机的螺旋桨1和保护罩2的连接中，但不限于此，还可以用于其他装置中，以简化两个部件的拆装过程，实现快速拆装。
如图1和图2所示，本实施例提供的快拆结构包括第一件、第二件和锁结构。在本实施方式中，以第一件为螺旋桨1，第二件为保护罩2为例进行说明。当然，当第一件和第二件为其他部件时，该快拆结构也在本发明的保护范围内。
螺旋桨1上设置有凸块151，保护罩2上设置有插槽231，凸块151沿第一方向(如图2中箭头所示的L方向)插接于或脱离插槽231，使螺旋桨1和保护罩2沿第一方向(如图2中箭头所示的L方向)安装或拆卸。凸块151插接于插槽231后能够限制螺旋桨1和保护罩2沿垂直于第一方向的方向相对运动，即插槽231和插块可以限制螺旋桨1和保护罩2沿上、下方向和前、后方向(垂直于纸面的方向)相对运动。
锁机构3设置于保护罩2上，能够选择性地插入螺旋桨1，且锁机构3插入螺旋桨1的插入方向与第一方向呈夹角设置。由于锁机构3的插入方向与第 一方向呈夹角设置，因此，当锁机构3插入螺旋桨1之后，就可以限制保护罩2沿第一方向运动。通过将锁机构3插入到螺旋桨1内，以及沿第一方向将螺旋桨1凸块151插入到凹槽331内，从而限制保护罩2与螺旋桨1沿六个方向上的相对运动，即将保护罩2固定到螺旋桨1上，实现了保护罩2的快速安装。当需要拆卸保护罩2时，使锁机构3脱离螺旋桨1，沿与第一方向相反的方向使凸块151脱离凹槽331，实现保护罩2的快速拆卸。本实施例提供的快拆结构装拆简单、快速。
更进一步地，螺旋桨1包括电机11、转轴12、桨叶13和机臂14。其中，电机11与转轴12驱动连接，桨叶13固定连接于转轴12上，连接臂21通过轴承等部件转动连接于转轴12上。机臂14包括机臂本体和第一圆弧部15，第一圆弧部15与机臂本体的一端连接，并围合形成圆孔，轴承穿设于圆孔，使机臂14与轴承连接。
保护罩2包括连接臂21、弧形的防护杆22、第二圆弧部23。防护杆22的两端均连接有连接臂21，连接臂21未连接防护杆22的一端与第二圆弧部23的外侧连接。第二圆弧部23能够扣合于第一圆弧部15的外周面，其中，凸块151设置于第一圆弧部15上，插槽231设置于第二圆弧部23上。
如图2-图5所示，在本实施例中，凸块151外周设置有环状凹槽152，插槽231的外周设置有环状凸起232，环状凸起232能插入或脱离环状凹槽152。环状凸起232和环状凹槽152形成第二道插接屏障，更进一步限制保护罩2和螺旋桨1沿垂直于第一方向的方向运动。
当然，在其他实施例中，还可以是螺旋桨1上设置有插槽231，保护罩2上设置有凸块151。即凸块151设置于第二圆弧部23上，插槽231设置于第一 圆弧部15上。插槽231的槽壁向第二圆弧部23所在侧延伸，形成环状凸起232；凸块151设置于第二圆弧部23上，第二圆弧部23上设置有与环状凸起232相配合环状凹槽152。
优选地，锁机构3设置于连接臂21上，其中，可以仅在其中一个连接臂21上设置锁机构3，或两个连接臂21上均设置一个锁机构3。
在本实施例中，两个连接臂21上均设置一个锁机构3，插槽231位于两个锁机构3之间。两个锁机构3的插入方向呈夹角设置，两个锁机构3的插入方向均第一方向呈夹角设置，从而确保螺旋桨1和保护罩2固定后，螺旋桨1和保护罩2不会沿第一方向发生分离。
两个锁机构3可以使第二圆弧部23与第一圆弧部15的间距一致，避免第二圆弧部23的端部向下倾斜。
如图6-图8所示，更进一步地，锁机构3包括固定架31、拨动键32、锁芯33和弹性件34。固定架31通过第一连接件36固定于连接臂21上，固定架31上开设有滑道35。拨动键32被配置为能在滑道35滑动，以使锁芯33在锁紧螺旋桨1和保护罩2的锁紧位置和解锁螺旋桨1和保护罩2的解锁位置间切换。具体地，弹性件34可以为弹簧或弹片，在本实施例中，弹性件34为弹簧。
锁芯33与拨动键32通过第二连接件37连接。第一连接件36和第二连接件37可以为螺钉，或其他连接件。优选地，连接臂21为中空结构，锁芯33位于连接臂21内，并能够相对于连接臂21沿锁芯33的长度方向往复运动，其中，锁芯33的长度方向与锁机构3的插入方向一致。为使锁芯33插入到螺旋桨1上，第一圆弧部15上开设有能够使锁芯33通过的锁孔153，第二圆弧部23上也开设有使锁芯33通过的锁眼。拨动键32在滑道35内滑动，使锁芯33穿入 锁孔153，锁芯33处于锁紧螺旋桨1的锁紧位置；以及使锁芯33脱离锁孔153，锁芯33处于解锁螺旋桨1的解锁位置。
在本实施例中，为了实现锁芯33在锁紧位置和解锁位置之间的转换，滑道35包括呈角度设置且相互连通的第一横滑道351和第一纵滑道352。优选地，滑道35为L形结构，第一纵滑道352的长度方向与锁机构3的插入方向一致，第一横滑道351位于第一纵滑道352远离第二圆弧部23的一端。第一横滑道351和第一纵滑道352的连接处设置有限位凸块，以限制拨动键32由第一横滑道351滑动到第一纵滑道352。
弹性件34的一端与固定架31或连接臂21固定连接，另一端与锁芯33固定连接。以使弹性件34的弹力作用于锁芯33上，进而使所述锁芯33保持在锁紧位置；在本实施例中，在锁芯33的后端设置有凹槽331，弹性件34通过凹槽331与锁芯33连接。
拨动键32位于第一纵滑道352时，弹性件34处于压缩状态，锁芯33受朝向第二圆弧部23的弹力，因此，弹性件34可以使锁芯33始终处于锁紧螺旋桨1的锁紧位置。拨动键32由第一纵滑道352运动至第一横滑道351的端部时，锁芯33脱离锁孔153，锁芯33处于解锁螺旋桨1的解锁位置。锁芯33可以与固定架31或连接臂21转动连接，拨动键32沿第一横滑道351运动，锁芯33绕自身轴线转动，拨动键32抵接到第一横滑道351的侧壁或限位凸块上，从而可以限制拨动键32在滑道35内运动，即保证锁芯33始终处于解锁螺旋桨1的解锁位置。或锁芯33可以与固定架31或连接臂21滑动连接，拨动键32沿第一横滑道351运动，锁芯33与拨动键32的运动轨迹相同，拨动键32抵接到第一横滑道351的侧壁或限位凸块上，从而可以限制拨动键32和锁芯33运动。
本实施例还提供了一种飞行器，飞行器可以为无人机。飞行器包括上述的快拆结构，从而实现了螺旋桨1与保护罩2的快速装拆。
实施例二
如图9和图10所示，该实施例二的快拆结构与上述实施例一基本相同，二者的区别在于，锁机构3以及滑道35的具体结构不同。
锁机构3包括固定架31、拨动键32和锁芯33。锁芯33的端部设置有锁板332，优选地，锁板332为长方体结构，设置于第一弧部15上的锁孔153为腰型孔，锁芯33沿其长度方向往复运动，能够使锁板332插入锁孔153或脱离锁孔153。
如图9所示，锁板332插入或脱离锁板332的过程中，锁芯33处于解锁螺旋桨1的解锁位置，锁板332处于第一状态，锁板332能够通过锁孔153。如图10所示，当锁板332插入锁孔153之后，锁芯33能够旋转90°，锁芯33处于锁紧螺旋桨1的锁紧位置，锁板332处于第二状态，锁板332的长度大于锁孔153的宽度，锁板332与螺旋桨1的内壁抵接，从而限制锁板332脱离锁孔153。
进一步地，为了实现锁芯33在锁紧位置和解锁位置的转换，滑道35包括呈角度设置的第二横滑道和第二纵滑道，优选地，第二横滑动和第二纵滑道呈L形，且第二横滑道位于第二纵滑道靠近第二圆弧部23的一端，拨动键32在第二横滑道内滑动，能够使锁芯33绕自身轴线转动。为了使锁芯33能够旋转90°，优选地，第二横滑道呈圆弧结构，其圆弧角为90°。
拨动键32位于第二纵滑道时，锁芯33处于解锁螺旋桨1的解锁位置，锁板332处于第一状态(如图9所示)。拨动键32由第二纵滑道滑动至第二横滑 道时，锁芯33的锁板332由锁孔153插入到第一圆弧部15。拨动键32位于第二横滑道，并沿第二横滑道向远离第二纵滑道的方向滑动，使锁芯33旋转90°，锁板332处于第二状态(如图10所示)，锁芯33处于锁紧保护罩2的锁紧位置。
实施例三
如图11所示，该实施例三的快拆结构与上述实施例一基本相同，二者的区别在于，锁机构3的具体结构不同。
第二圆弧部23的至少一端沿其轴向上或向下弯曲形成弯曲部233(如图11中虚线所示)，锁机构3包括卡凸38，卡凸38设置于弯曲部233的内侧，第一圆弧部15上设置有卡口154，弯曲部233部被配置为能沿与其弯曲方向相反的方向变形以使卡凸38与卡口154卡接配合。当将卡凸38插入到卡扣后，弯曲部233向第一圆弧部15施加压力，从而提高卡凸38与卡口154的侧壁之间的摩擦力，提高卡口154与卡凸38的连接强度，使螺旋桨1与保护罩2锁紧。为使弯曲部233部能沿与其弯曲方向相反的方向变形，第二圆弧部23由弹性材料制成。
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为了清楚说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种快拆结构，其特征在于，包括：
    第一件；
    第二件，所述第一件和所述第二件中的一个上设置有凸块(151)，另一个上设置有插槽(231)，所述凸块(151)沿第一方向插接于或脱离所述插槽(231)，使所述第一件和所述第二件安装或拆卸；
    锁机构(3)，设置于所述第二件上，能够选择性地沿插入方向插入所述第一件，且所述插入方向与所述第一方向呈夹角设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的快拆结构，其特征在于，所述第一件包括第一圆弧部(15)，所述第二件包括第二圆弧部(23)，所述第二圆弧部(23)能够扣合于所述第一圆弧部(15)的外周面，所述第一圆弧部(15)和所述第二圆弧部(23)的一个上设置有所述凸块(151)，另一个上设置有所述插槽(231)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的快拆结构，其特征在于，所述第一圆弧部(15)和所述第二圆弧部(23)两者中，一个上设置有所述凸块(151)以及位于所述凸块(151)外周的环状凹槽(152)，另一个上设置有所述插槽(231)以及位于所述插槽(231)外周的环状凸起(232)，所述环状凸起(232)能插入或脱离所述环状凹槽(152)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的快拆结构，其特征在于，所述快拆结构包括两个所述锁机构(3)，且两个所述锁机构(3)的插入方向呈夹角设置，所述插槽(231)或所述凸块(151)位于两个所述锁机构(3)之间。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的快拆结构，其特征在于，所述第二件还包括连接臂(21)，所述连接臂(21)的一端连接于所述第二圆弧部(23)上，所述锁机构(3)设置于所述连接臂(21)上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的快拆结构，其特征在于，所述锁机构(3)包括：
    固定架(31)，固定于所述连接臂(21)上，所述固定架(31)上开设有滑道(35)；
    拨动键(32)，滑动设置于所述滑道(35)内；
    锁芯(33)，与所述拨动键(32)连接，所述拨动键(32)被配置为能在所述滑道(35)内滑动，以使所述锁芯(33)在锁紧所述第一件和所述第二件的锁紧位置和解锁所述第一件和所述第二件的解锁位置间切换。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的快拆结构，其特征在于，所述锁机构(3)还包括：
    弹性件(34)，所述弹性件(34)的一端与所述固定架(31)或所述连接臂(21)固定连接，另一端与所述锁芯(33)固定连接，以使所述锁芯(33)保持在所述锁紧位置。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的快拆结构，其特征在于，所述滑道(35)为L形结构，包括呈角度设置且相互连通的第一横滑道(351)和第一纵滑道(352)，所述第一纵滑道(352)的长度方向与所述插入方向一致，所述第一横滑道(351)位于所述第一纵滑道(352)远离所述第二圆弧部(23)的一端。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的快拆结构，其特征在于，所述第一横滑道(351)和所述第一纵滑道(352)的连接处设置有限位凸块。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的快拆结构，其特征在于，所述锁芯(33)的端部设置有锁板(332)；所述锁芯(33)处于所述解锁位置时，所述锁板(332)处于第一状态，以插入所述第一件内或脱离所述第一件；所述锁芯(33)处于所述锁紧位置时，所述锁板(332)处于第二状态，以与所述第一件内壁抵接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的快拆结构，其特征在于，所述滑道(35)为L 形结构，包括呈角度设置且相互连通的第二横滑道和第二纵滑道，所述第二横滑道位于所述第二纵滑道靠近所述第二圆弧部(23)的一端，所述拨动键(32)在所述第二横滑道内滑动，能够使所述锁芯(33)绕自身轴线转动。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的快拆结构，其特征在于，所述第二圆弧部(23)的至少一端沿其轴向向上或向下弯曲形成弯曲部(233)，所述锁机构(3)包括设置于所述弯曲部(233)内侧的卡凸(38)，所述第一圆弧部(15)上设置有卡口(154)，所述弯曲部(233)部被配置为能沿与其弯曲方向相反的方向变形以使所述卡凸(38)与所述卡口(154)卡接配合。
  13. 一种飞行器，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-12任意一项所述的快拆结构。
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