WO2021082916A1 - 蓝牙耳机 - Google Patents

蓝牙耳机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021082916A1
WO2021082916A1 PCT/CN2020/120866 CN2020120866W WO2021082916A1 WO 2021082916 A1 WO2021082916 A1 WO 2021082916A1 CN 2020120866 W CN2020120866 W CN 2020120866W WO 2021082916 A1 WO2021082916 A1 WO 2021082916A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
branch
current
ground
antenna
switch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/120866
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张俊宏
范毅
隆仲莹
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to US17/771,576 priority Critical patent/US11956585B2/en
Priority to EP20883572.8A priority patent/EP4030779A4/en
Publication of WO2021082916A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021082916A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1091Details not provided for in groups H04R1/1008 - H04R1/1083
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1016Earpieces of the intra-aural type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2291Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used in bluetooth or WI-FI devices of Wireless Local Area Networks [WLAN]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/273Adaptation for carrying or wearing by persons or animals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1041Mechanical or electronic switches, or control elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2201/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/10Details of earpieces, attachments therefor, earphones or monophonic headphones covered by H04R1/10 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2420/00Details of connection covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
    • H04R2420/07Applications of wireless loudspeakers or wireless microphones
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of Bluetooth devices, and in particular to a Bluetooth headset.
  • Bluetooth headsets usually have only one Bluetooth antenna, and the antenna gain of the antenna in some directions is obviously low.
  • the antenna sends and receives signals in the directions where the antenna gain is low, the signal quality deteriorates, which affects the communication experience.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a Bluetooth headset, the antenna of the Bluetooth headset has relatively uniform antenna gain in all directions.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a Bluetooth headset.
  • the Bluetooth headset has an earplug part and an ear handle.
  • the earplug part is provided with a handset module.
  • the ear handle includes a connecting section connected with the earplug part, a top section and a bottom section located on both sides of the connecting section, and a bottom section of the ear handle Equipped with a first microphone module.
  • the Bluetooth headset includes an antenna and a circuit board.
  • the antenna extends from the connecting section of the ear handle to the top section of the ear handle.
  • the circuit board has a power feeding part, a first end part, a first connection part, a second end part and a second connection part, the power feeding part is located in the connecting section of the ear handle part, the first end part is located in the earplug part, and the first connection part
  • the power feeding part is connected to the first end, the second end is located at the bottom section of the ear handle, and the second connection part is connected to the power feeding part and the second end.
  • the circuit board includes a feed pad, a ground layer, a first ground branch and a second ground branch.
  • the feeding pad is located at the feeding part and is coupled to the antenna.
  • the ground layer is located at the power feeding part and is spaced apart from the power feeding pad.
  • the grounding layer is arranged to be grounded, and the grounding layer is a part of the return path of the antenna.
  • One end of the first ground branch is connected to the ground layer, the other end extends to the first end, and the first ground branch is connected in series with a first switch.
  • the first switch When the first switch is turned on, the first grounding branch is used to form a ground current, and the first grounding branch is a part of the return path of the antenna; when the first switch is turned off, the first switch intercepts the current on the first grounding branch, The first ground branch does not provide an effective return path for the antenna.
  • One end of the second ground branch is connected to the ground layer, the other end extends to the second end, and the second ground branch is connected in series with a second switch.
  • the second switch When the second switch is turned on, the second grounding branch is used to form a ground current, and the second grounding branch is a part of the return path of the antenna; when the second switch is turned off, the second switch intercepts the current on the second grounding branch, The second ground branch does not provide an effective return path for the antenna.
  • the Bluetooth headset can form a variety of ground structures by controlling the state (on or off) of the first switch and the second switch, and by switching the ground structure, different ground branches are selected for the antenna, that is, Choose different return paths to switch the antenna pattern.
  • the pattern of the antenna under multiple ground structures is complementary, so that the antenna has no obvious zero point in each radiation direction, and the antenna gain in each direction is relatively uniform, thereby improving the communication quality , Solve the problem that the antenna gain is low at some angles and affects the communication experience.
  • the ground layer and the feed pad are located on different conductive layers of the circuit board to form a gap between the two.
  • the feed pad is located on the surface conductive layer of the circuit board, and the ground layer is located on the inner conductive layer of the circuit board or another surface conductive layer.
  • the ground layer and the feed pad may also be located on the same layer, and a gap is formed between the two and they are not in contact with each other.
  • the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are respectively connected to both sides of the power feeding portion.
  • the power feeding part is connected to one side of the first connecting part and the other side of the second connecting part, which may be adjacently arranged on two sides, or may be arranged opposite to each other.
  • the circuit board can be well arranged inside the Bluetooth headset according to the shape of the Bluetooth headset.
  • the antenna is used to form the first current.
  • the first current is the antenna current.
  • the antenna includes a feeding end and an end far from the feeding end.
  • the feeding end is connected to the feeding pad via the conductive member to couple the feeding part.
  • the first current extends from the feeding end to the end, that is, the direction of the first current is from the connecting section of the earstalk to the top section of the earstalk.
  • the antenna may be a quarter-wave antenna to have higher antenna efficiency.
  • the electrical length of the antenna can be achieved by adjusting the physical length of the antenna.
  • the first grounding branch is used to form a second current.
  • the second current and the first current can synthesize an equivalent current in the resonance mode.
  • the first ground branch serves as a return path.
  • the second current is the ground current.
  • the second current extends from the end of the first ground branch away from the ground layer to the ground layer. That is, the second current extends from the first end of the circuit board to the power feeding part, and the direction of the second current is the connecting section from the earplug part to the ear stem part.
  • the electrical length of the first grounding branch is a quarter wavelength or close to a quarter wavelength, so that the second current is in a resonance mode and can form effective radiation.
  • the electrical length of the first current is one-quarter wavelength
  • the electrical length of the second current is one-quarter wavelength.
  • the electrical length of the equivalent current combined by the two is one-half wavelength, which is in the resonant mode, making the antenna The signal is effectively radiated.
  • the equivalent current extends from the earplug part to the top section of the ear stem.
  • the direction of the first current is the connecting section of the earstalk to the top section of the earstalk
  • the direction of the second current is the direction of the earplugs to the connecting section of the earstalk
  • the first current and The direction of the equivalent current synthesized by the second current is the top section from the earplug to the ear handle, so that when the user wears the Bluetooth headset, the radiation zero point of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset antenna faces the user's head, thereby greatly reducing the user's head.
  • the bad influence of the part on the antenna makes the antenna have better antenna performance.
  • the second ground branch is used to form a third current.
  • the third current and the first current can synthesize an equivalent current in the resonance mode.
  • the second ground branch serves as a return path.
  • the third current is the ground current.
  • the third current extends from the end of the second ground branch away from the ground layer to the ground layer. That is, the third current extends from the second end of the circuit board to the power feeding portion, and the direction of the third current is the connecting section from the bottom section of the earstalk to the earstalk.
  • the electrical length of the second ground branch is a quarter wavelength or close to a quarter wavelength, so that the third current is in a resonance mode and can form effective radiation.
  • the electrical length of the first current is a quarter wavelength
  • the electrical length of the third current is a quarter wavelength
  • the electrical length of the combined equivalent current of the two is a half wavelength and is in a resonance mode.
  • the equivalent current extends from the bottom section of the earstalk to the top section of the earstalk.
  • the first ground branch is used to form the second current
  • the second ground branch is used to form the third current.
  • the first current, the second current, and the third current can synthesize an equivalent current in the resonance mode.
  • the first ground branch and the second ground branch serve as return paths.
  • the electrical length of the first current is a quarter-wavelength
  • the electrical length of the second current is a quarter-wavelength
  • the electrical length of the third current is a quarter-wavelength.
  • the electrical length of the equivalent current combined by the three is The three-quarter wavelength is in the resonant mode, so that the antenna signal can be effectively radiated.
  • the equivalent current extends from below the earplug part (that is, the side close to the bottom section of the ear stem) to the top section of the ear stem.
  • the first switch is located at the power feeding part or at an end of the first connecting part close to the power feeding part. At this time, the electrical length of the portion of the first grounding branch between the first switch and the grounding layer is less than a quarter wavelength, and the current in this portion is not in the resonance mode, and effective radiation cannot be formed. It is understandable that in some other embodiments, the first switch may also be located in other positions, so that the electrical length of the part of the first ground branch between the first switch and the ground layer is not equal to N/4 wavelength. N is a positive integer.
  • the second switch is located at the power feeding part or at one end of the second connecting part close to the power feeding part. At this time, the electrical length of the portion of the first grounding branch between the first switch and the grounding layer is less than a quarter wavelength, and the current in this portion is not in the resonance mode, and effective radiation cannot be formed. It is understandable that in some other embodiments, the second switch may also be located in other positions, so that the electrical length of the part of the first ground branch between the first switch and the ground layer is not equal to N/4 wavelength. N is a positive integer.
  • the first ground branch is also connected in series with a first choke inductor, and the first choke inductor is arranged in parallel with the first switch.
  • the first ground branch is used not only to provide a return path for the antenna, but also to provide a reference ground for other functional modules of the Bluetooth headset. Since the first choke inductor is arranged in parallel with the first switch, and the first choke inductor is serially connected to the first ground branch, the first ground branch is continuous and complete when used as a reference ground for low-frequency signals.
  • the earpiece module is connected to the first ground branch.
  • the first ground branch is also used to provide a reference ground for the handset module.
  • the inductance value of the first choke inductor may be greater than or equal to 22 nanohenries (nH) to block signals in the Bluetooth frequency band (2.4 GHz) and allow low frequency signals below the Bluetooth frequency band to pass.
  • the second ground branch is also connected in series with a second choke inductor, and the second choke inductor is arranged in parallel with the second switch.
  • the second ground branch is used not only to provide a return path for the antenna, but also to provide a reference ground for other functional modules of the Bluetooth headset. Since the second choke inductor is arranged in parallel with the second switch, and the second choke inductor is serially connected to the second ground branch, the second ground branch is continuous and complete when used as a reference ground for low-frequency signals.
  • the first microphone module is connected to the second ground branch.
  • the second ground branch is also used to provide a reference ground for the first microphone module.
  • the inductance value of the second choke inductor may be greater than or equal to 22 nanohenries (nH) to block signals in the Bluetooth frequency band (2.4 GHz) and allow low frequency signals below the Bluetooth frequency band to pass.
  • the Bluetooth headset further includes a chip, and the chip is located in the earplug part and connected to the circuit board.
  • the circuit board also includes a first low-frequency signal line and a second low-frequency signal line. One end of the first low-frequency signal line is connected to the chip, and the other end extends to the first end.
  • the first low-frequency signal line is connected in series with a third choke inductor.
  • One end of the second low-frequency signal line is connected to the chip, and the other end extends to the second end, and the second low-frequency signal line is serially connected with a fourth choke inductor.
  • the first low-frequency signal line and the second low-frequency signal line can be connected to other functional modules of the Bluetooth headset for transmitting low-frequency signals between the functional modules and the chip.
  • the earpiece module is connected to the first low-frequency signal line.
  • the first low-frequency signal line transmits signals between the earpiece module and the chip. Because some positions of the first low-frequency signal line may be capacitively coupled to the first ground branch, a third choke inductor is connected in series to the first low-frequency signal line, and the third choke inductor makes the first low-frequency signal line operate at high frequency. Time and earth are isolated from each other.
  • the first microphone module is connected to the second low-frequency signal line.
  • the first low-frequency signal line transmits signals between the first microphone module and the chip. Because some positions of the second low-frequency signal line may be capacitively coupled to the second ground branch, a fourth choke inductor is connected in series to the second low-frequency signal line, and the fourth choke inductor makes the second low-frequency signal line operate at high frequency. Time and earth are isolated from each other.
  • the circuit board further includes a first power line and a second power line.
  • One end of the first power cord is connected to the chip, and the other end of the first power cord extends to the first end.
  • One end of the second power cord is connected to the chip, and the other end of the second power cord extends to the second end.
  • the first power line and the second power line are connected to the power management module of the chip.
  • the second power line is connected to the battery, and the power management module is used to control the charging and discharging process of the battery and the power supply process to other functional modules.
  • the first power cord and the second power cord are also used to connect other functional modules of the Bluetooth headset, such as a receiver module, a first microphone module, etc., so that the battery can supply power to the functional module of the Bluetooth headset.
  • the first power line may be connected in series with a fifth choke inductor
  • the second power line may be connected in series with a sixth choke inductor.
  • the first ground branch is also connected in series with a first low-pass high-resistance element, and the first low-pass high-resistance element is arranged in series with the first switch and is located on the side of the first switch away from the ground layer .
  • the first low-pass and high-resistance element is used to allow currents in a frequency band lower than the Bluetooth signal frequency band to pass, and prevent currents in a frequency band close to the Bluetooth signal frequency band from passing.
  • the first low-pass high-resistance element changes the electrical length of the first ground branch as the return path of the antenna, so that the first ground branch meets the electrical length requirements, and does not affect the first ground branch as a reference for low-frequency signals The function of the ground.
  • the first low-pass and high-resistance element may be located at the first connecting portion or the first end portion.
  • the second ground branch is also connected in series with a second low-pass high-resistance element, and the second low-pass high-resistance element is arranged in series with the second switch and is located on the side of the second switch away from the ground layer .
  • the second low-pass and high-impedance element is used to allow currents in a frequency band lower than the Bluetooth signal frequency band to pass, and prevent currents in a frequency band close to the Bluetooth signal frequency band from passing.
  • the second low-pass high-resistance element changes the electrical length of the second ground branch as the return path of the antenna, so that the second ground branch meets the electrical length requirement, and does not affect the second ground branch as a reference for low-frequency signals The function of the ground.
  • the second low-pass and high-resistance element may be located at the second connecting portion or the second end portion.
  • the first connecting portion includes a plurality of regions connected in sequence, and the plurality of regions includes one or more straight regions and one or more curved regions.
  • the first connecting portion can be bent or straightened, that is, by increasing or reducing the number or area of the straight area and the curved area, the length of the first connecting portion can be effectively adjusted, thereby adjusting the first grounding branch. Length, so that the electrical length of the first grounding branch meets the requirements.
  • the second connecting portion includes a plurality of regions connected in sequence, and the plurality of regions includes one or more straight regions and one or more curved regions.
  • the second connecting portion can be bent or straightened, that is, by increasing or reducing the number or area of the straight area and the curved area, the length of the second connecting portion can be effectively adjusted, thereby adjusting the second grounding branch. Length, so that the electrical length of the second grounding branch meets the requirements.
  • the second end includes a plurality of regions connected in sequence, and the plurality of regions includes one or more straight regions and one or more curved regions.
  • the second end can be bent or straightened, that is, by increasing or reducing the number or area of the straight area and the curved area, the length of the second end can be effectively adjusted, thereby adjusting the second grounding branch. Length, so that the electrical length of the second grounding branch meets the requirements.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a Bluetooth headset.
  • the Bluetooth headset has an earplug part and an ear handle.
  • the earplug part is provided with a handset module.
  • the ear handle includes a connecting section connected with the earplug part, a top section and a bottom section located on both sides of the connecting section, and a bottom section of the ear handle Equipped with a first microphone module.
  • the Bluetooth headset includes an antenna and a circuit board.
  • the antenna extends from the connecting section of the ear handle to the top section of the ear handle.
  • the circuit board has a power feeding part, a first end part, a first connection part, a second end part and a second connection part, the power feeding part is located in the connecting section of the ear handle part, the first end part is located in the earplug part, and the first connection part
  • the power feeding part is connected to the first end, the second end is located at the bottom section of the ear handle, and the second connection part is connected to the power feeding part and the second end.
  • the circuit board includes a feeding pad, a grounding layer, a first grounding branch and a second grounding branch.
  • the feeding pad is located at the feeding portion and is coupled to the antenna.
  • the grounding layer is located at the feeding portion and is spaced apart from the feeding pad.
  • the first grounding One end of the branch is connected to the ground layer, the other end extends to the first end, one end of the second ground branch is connected to the ground layer, and the other end extends to the second end.
  • the second ground branch is connected to the first branch in series, and the second ground branch also includes a second branch.
  • One end of the second branch is connected to one end of the first branch, and the other end of the second branch is connected to the first branch.
  • the other end of the branch is connected or coupled, the second branch is connected in series with a switch, and the length of the second branch is shorter than the length of the first branch.
  • the portion of the second connection part of the circuit board close to the power feeding part is located at the connection section of the ear handle of the Bluetooth headset, it is unavoidable to need to be folded, making the length of the second connection part longer.
  • the length of the second grounding branch that passes through the second connection portion and extends to the second end portion is relatively large. Since the second branch is arranged in parallel with the first branch, and the length of the second branch is shorter than the length of the first branch, when the switch of the second branch is turned off, the third current on the second grounding branch is selected The longer-length first branch is used as the path, and the electrical length of the second grounding branch is greater than one-quarter wavelength, which makes it difficult to form effective radiation.
  • the return path of the antenna is mainly the first grounding branch;
  • the third current on the second ground branch selects the second branch with a shorter length as the path, so that the electrical length of the second ground branch can be shortened to a quarter wavelength for effective radiation.
  • the second ground branch and the first ground branch simultaneously serve as the return path of the antenna.
  • the antenna is used to form the first current.
  • the first current is the antenna current.
  • the flow direction of the first current varies with the shape direction of the antenna.
  • the antenna includes a feeding end and an end far from the feeding end. The feeding end is connected to the feeding pad via the conductive member to couple the feeding part.
  • the first current extends from the feeding end to the end, that is, the direction of the first current is from the connecting section of the earstalk to the top section of the earstalk.
  • the antenna may be a quarter-wave antenna to have higher antenna efficiency.
  • the electrical length of the antenna can be achieved by adjusting the physical length of the antenna.
  • the first grounding branch is used to form a second current, and the second current and the first current can synthesize an equivalent current in the resonance mode.
  • the first ground branch serves as the return path of the antenna.
  • the electrical length of the first current is one-quarter wavelength
  • the electrical length of the second current is one-quarter wavelength.
  • the electrical length of the equivalent current combined by the two is one-half wavelength, which is in the resonant mode, making the antenna The signal is effectively radiated.
  • the equivalent current extends from the earplug part to the top section of the ear stem.
  • the direction of the first current is the connecting section of the earstalk to the top section of the earstalk
  • the direction of the second current is the direction of the earplugs to the connecting section of the earstalk
  • the first current and The direction of the equivalent current synthesized by the second current is the top section from the earplug to the ear handle, so that when the user wears the Bluetooth headset, the radiation zero point of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset antenna faces the user's head, thereby greatly reducing the user's head.
  • the bad influence of the part on the antenna makes the antenna have better antenna performance.
  • the first ground branch is used to form the second current
  • the second ground branch is used to form the third current.
  • the first current, the second current and the third current can synthesize the equivalent current in the resonance mode.
  • the first ground branch and the second ground branch serve as return paths.
  • the electrical length of the first current is a quarter-wavelength
  • the electrical length of the second current is a quarter-wavelength
  • the electrical length of the third current is a quarter-wavelength.
  • the electrical length of the equivalent current combined by the three is The three-quarter wavelength is in the resonant mode, so that the antenna signal can be effectively radiated.
  • the equivalent current extends from below the earplug part (that is, the side close to the bottom section of the ear stem) to the top section of the ear stem.
  • the circuit board further includes a third end portion and a third connecting portion.
  • the third end is located at the connecting section of the ear handle or at an end of the bottom section of the ear handle close to the connecting section of the ear handle, and the third end is connected to the second connecting portion or is arranged close to the second connecting portion.
  • an electrical connection is formed between the two.
  • the third end is arranged close to the second connecting part, which means that the third end is in contact with the second connecting part, or is not in contact with the second connecting part but the gap between the two is very small.
  • An electrical coupling is formed between the two connecting parts.
  • One end of the third connection part is connected to the third end part, and the other end is connected to the power feeding part or the first connection part.
  • the end of the second branch away from the ground layer extends to the third end via the third connecting portion.
  • the second branch located at the third connecting portion and the third end can effectively shorten the electrical length of the second grounding branch to meet the electrical length requirement.
  • the earpiece module is connected to the first ground branch.
  • the first ground branch can be used as the return path of the antenna, and can also be used as the reference ground of the low-frequency signal of the earpiece module.
  • the first microphone module is connected to the second ground branch.
  • the second ground branch can be used as a return path of the antenna, and can also be used as a reference ground for the low-frequency signal of the first microphone module.
  • the first ground branch is connected in series with a first low-pass and high-resistance element.
  • the second ground branch is connected in series with a second low-pass and high-resistance element, and the second low-pass and high-resistance element is arranged in series with the first branch and is located on the side of the first branch away from the ground layer.
  • the first low-pass high-impedance element and the second low-pass high-impedance element are used to allow currents in a frequency band lower than the Bluetooth signal frequency band to pass, and prevent currents in a frequency band close to the Bluetooth signal frequency from passing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a Bluetooth headset provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a partial exploded schematic diagram of the Bluetooth headset shown in Fig. 1;
  • FIG 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the Bluetooth headset shown in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the circuit board shown in Fig. 2 in an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a current schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the Bluetooth headset shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the power feeding part of the circuit board shown in FIG. 4 in some embodiments;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of equivalent current of the structure shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset shown in FIG. 1 under the first ground structure of the circuit board shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset shown in FIG. 1 under the second ground structure of the circuit board shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset shown in FIG. 1 under the third ground structure of the circuit board shown in FIG. 4;
  • 11A is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset when the circuit board shown in FIG. 4 is switched to the first ground structure;
  • 11B is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset when the circuit board shown in FIG. 4 is switched to the second ground structure;
  • 11C is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset when the circuit board shown in FIG. 4 is switched to the third ground structure;
  • Fig. 12 is a comparison direction diagram of the free space vertical section of the Bluetooth headset shown in Fig. 1 under the various ground structures of the circuit board shown in Fig. 4;
  • 13A is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern corresponding to the free space of the head mold when the circuit board shown in FIG. 4 is switched to the first ground structure;
  • 13B is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the free space of the Bluetooth headset corresponding to the head mold when the circuit board shown in FIG. 4 is switched to the second ground structure;
  • 13C is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern corresponding to the free space of the head mold when the circuit board shown in FIG. 4 is switched to the third ground structure;
  • 14A is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset corresponding to the head model when the circuit board shown in FIG. 4 is switched to the first ground structure;
  • 14B is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset corresponding to the head model when the circuit board shown in FIG. 4 is switched to the second ground structure;
  • 14C is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset corresponding to the head model when the circuit board shown in FIG. 4 is switched to the third ground structure;
  • 15A is a comparison direction diagram of the Bluetooth headset shown in FIG. 1 corresponding to the vertical section of the head mold under the various structures of the circuit board shown in FIG. 4;
  • 15B is a comparison direction diagram of the Bluetooth headset shown in FIG. 1 corresponding to the horizontal section of the head mold under the various structures of the circuit board shown in FIG. 4;
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the Bluetooth headset shown in Fig. 1 in a state of use;
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the circuit board shown in Fig. 2 in another embodiment
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the circuit board shown in Fig. 4 in the first embodiment
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circuit board shown in FIG. 4 in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circuit board shown in FIG. 2 in another embodiment
  • 21 is a schematic diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset shown in FIG. 1 under the first ground structure of the circuit board shown in FIG. 20;
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset shown in FIG. 1 under the second ground structure of the circuit board shown in FIG. 20;
  • FIG. 23A is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset when the circuit board shown in FIG. 20 is switched to the first ground structure;
  • FIG. 23B is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset when the circuit board shown in FIG. 20 is switched to the second ground structure;
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circuit board shown in FIG. 20 in some embodiments.
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of the circuit board shown in FIG. 2 in another embodiment
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of the circuit board shown in FIG. 25 in some embodiments.
  • Fig. 27 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circuit board shown in Fig. 25 in other embodiments.
  • the Bluetooth headset of the embodiment of the present application has a variety of ground structures. By switching ground structures and selecting different return paths for the antennas, the antenna pattern can be switched.
  • the antenna patterns under multiple ground structures are complementary, so that the antennas can radiate differently. There is no obvious zero point in the direction, and the antenna gain of the antenna in all directions is relatively uniform, thereby improving the communication quality, and solving the problem of low antenna gain at some angles and affecting the communication experience.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a Bluetooth headset 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the Bluetooth headset 100 has an earplug part 1 and an ear handle part 2.
  • the ear handle 2 includes a connecting section 21 connected with the earplug section 1, and a top section 22 and a bottom section 23 located on both sides of the connecting section 21.
  • the top section 22, the connecting section 21 and the bottom section 23 of the ear handle 2 are arranged in sequence.
  • the earplug part 1 is used to partially embed the user's ear.
  • the ear handle 2 is used to contact the user's ear.
  • the Bluetooth headset 100 When the user wears the Bluetooth headset 100, the earplug part 1 is partially embedded in the user's ear, and the ear handle 2 is located outside the user's ear and contacts the user's ear.
  • FIG. 2 is a partially exploded schematic diagram of the Bluetooth headset 100 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the Bluetooth headset 100 includes a housing 10.
  • the housing 10 is used to house other components of the Bluetooth headset 100 to fix and protect the other components.
  • the housing 10 includes a main housing 101, a bottom housing 102 and a side housing 103.
  • the main housing 101 is partly located at the ear handle part 2 of the Bluetooth headset 100 and partly located at the earplug part 1 of the Bluetooth headset 100.
  • the main housing 101 forms a first opening 1011 at the bottom section 23 of the ear handle 2 of the Bluetooth headset 100, and a second opening 1012 at the earplug portion 1 of the Bluetooth headset 100.
  • the bottom shell 102 is located at the bottom section 23 of the ear handle 2 of the Bluetooth headset 100 and is fixedly connected to the main shell 101, and the bottom shell 102 is installed in the first opening 1011.
  • the side shell 103 is located in the earplug part 1 of the Bluetooth headset 100 and is fixedly connected to the main shell 101, and the side shell 103 is installed in the second opening 1012.
  • connection between the bottom housing 102 and the main housing 101 is a detachable connection (for example, a snap connection, a threaded connection, etc.) to facilitate subsequent repairs or maintenance of the Bluetooth headset 100.
  • the connection between the bottom housing 102 and the main housing 101 may also be a non-detachable connection (for example, a glue connection), to reduce the risk of accidentally falling off the bottom housing 102, and make the Bluetooth headset 100 more reliable. .
  • connection between the side housing 103 and the main housing 101 is a detachable connection (for example, a snap connection, a threaded connection, etc.) to facilitate subsequent repairs or maintenance of the Bluetooth headset 100.
  • the connection between the side housing 103 and the main housing 101 may also be a non-detachable connection (for example, a glue connection), so as to reduce the risk of accidental falling off of the side housing 103, so as to make the Bluetooth headset 100 more reliable. higher.
  • the side shell 103 is provided with one or more sound holes 1031, so that the sound inside the housing 10 can be transmitted to the outside of the housing 10 through the sound holes 1031.
  • This application does not strictly limit the shape, position, number, etc. of the sound outlet 1031.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the Bluetooth headset 100 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the Bluetooth headset 100 further includes an antenna 20, an antenna support 30, a circuit board 40, a chip 50, an earpiece module 60, a battery 70, a conductive element 80, a first microphone module 90, and a second microphone module 110.
  • the antenna 20 extends from the connecting section 21 of the ear stem 2 to the top section 22 of the ear stem 2.
  • the antenna 20 may be a single-stage antenna or an inverted F-shaped antenna (IFA) or the like.
  • the antenna 20 may be a ceramic antenna, a circuit board antenna, a steel sheet antenna, a laser direct structuring (LDS) antenna, an in-mold injection antenna, or the like.
  • the antenna 20 is a laser direct molding antenna as an example for description.
  • the antenna bracket 30 extends from the connecting section 21 of the ear stem 2 to the top section 22 of the ear stem 2.
  • the antenna bracket 30 is used to fix and support the antenna 20.
  • the antenna 20 is formed on the antenna support 30.
  • the antenna 20 is formed on the antenna holder 30 through a coating process and a baking process that are alternately performed multiple times.
  • the antenna 20 is formed by alternately performing three coating and three baking processes to improve the product yield.
  • the antenna 20 may also be fixed to the antenna support 30 by assembly. For example, the antenna 20 is welded or adhered to the antenna support 30.
  • the material of the antenna support 30 may be ceramic. At this time, since the dielectric constant of the ceramic is relatively high, the size of the antenna 20 can be effectively reduced. In other embodiments, the material of the antenna support 30 may also be plastic.
  • the circuit board 40 extends from the earplug part 1 through the connecting section 21 of the ear handle 2 to the bottom section 23 of the ear handle 2.
  • the circuit board 40 may form one or more bending structures at the earplug part 1 and the ear handle part 2.
  • the circuit board 40 is used to transmit signals.
  • the circuit board 40 may be an integrated flexible printed circuit (FPC), an integrated flexible printed circuit board, or an integrated structure formed by connecting multiple flexible circuit boards to each other, or one One or more flexible circuit boards and one or more rigid circuit boards are connected to each other to form an integrated structure. This application does not strictly limit the type of the circuit board 40.
  • the circuit board 40 includes a power feeding portion 401, a first connection portion 402, a second connection portion 403, a first end portion 404 and a second end portion 405.
  • the power feeding part 401 is located at the connecting section 21 of the ear stem part 2.
  • the first end 404 and the second end 405 are two ends of the circuit board 40 respectively.
  • the first end 404 is located in the earplug part 1.
  • the second end 405 is located at the bottom section 23 of the ear stem 2.
  • the first connecting portion 402 connects the power feeding portion 401 and the first end 404.
  • the first connecting portion 402 extends to the earplug portion 1.
  • the first connecting portion 402 is located in the earplug portion 1, and a small portion is located in the ear stem portion 2 or not in the ear stem portion 2.
  • the second connecting portion 403 connects the power feeding portion 401 and the second end 405.
  • the second connecting portion 403 extends from the connecting section 21 of the ear stem 2 to the bottom section 23 of the ear stem 2.
  • the first connection portion 402 and the second connection portion 403 are respectively connected to both sides of the power feeding portion 401.
  • the power feeding part 401 connects one side of the first connecting part 402 to the other side of the second connecting part 403, and may be two sides adjacent to each other or opposite sides.
  • the circuit board 40 can be well arranged inside the Bluetooth headset 100 according to the shape of the Bluetooth headset 100.
  • the circuit board 40 may include one or more reinforcement boards (not shown in the figure).
  • One or more reinforcing plates are provided at the reinforcing area of the circuit board 40.
  • the reinforced area of the circuit board 40 is mainly an area of the circuit board 40 that needs to be connected to other components, or an area used to carry other components.
  • the conductive member 80 is located at the connecting section 21 of the ear handle 2.
  • the conductive member 80 is fixed to the power feeding portion 401 of the circuit board 40 and is used to connect the antenna 20 on the antenna support 30.
  • the conductive member 80 may be a conductive spring sheet.
  • the conductive member 80 may also have other structures, such as conductive glue.
  • the conductive member 80 can also be replaced with a capacitor, and the feeder 401 and the antenna 20 are coupled through the capacitor.
  • the chip 50 is located in the earplug part 1.
  • the chip 50 is fixed to the first connecting portion 402 of the circuit board 40.
  • the chip 50 can be fixed by welding and electrically connected to the circuit board 40.
  • the chip 50 may be the processing and control center of the Bluetooth headset 100.
  • the chip 50 couples multiple functional modules of the Bluetooth headset 100 via the circuit board 40 to control the multiple functional modules to work.
  • the chip 50 may be a system-on chip (SOC).
  • the earpiece module 60 is provided in the earplug part 1.
  • the earpiece module 60 is connected to the first connecting portion 402 of the circuit board 40.
  • the earpiece module 60 is coupled to the chip 50.
  • the earpiece module 60 is used for converting electrical signals into sound signals.
  • the earpiece module 60 is located on the side of the chip 50 away from the ear handle 2. At this time, the earpiece module 60 is closer to the outside of the Bluetooth headset 100, and the sound signal formed by the earpiece module 60 is more easily output to the outside of the Bluetooth headset 100.
  • the Bluetooth headset 100 may also include a fixed terminal pair 601.
  • the fixed terminal pair 601 is located in the earplug part 1.
  • the fixed terminal pair 601 is fixedly connected to the first connecting portion 402 of the circuit board 40.
  • the connecting terminal 602 of the earpiece module 60 is inserted into the fixed terminal pair 601 to be electrically connected to the circuit board 40.
  • the battery 70 is provided on the bottom section 23 of the ear stem 2.
  • the battery 70 is connected to the second end 405 of the circuit board 40.
  • the battery 70 is coupled to the chip 50.
  • the battery 70 is used to provide power to the Bluetooth headset 100.
  • the battery 70 is in a strip shape to be better contained in the main housing 101.
  • the battery 70 may also have other shapes.
  • the battery 70 may also be connected to the second connecting portion 403 of the circuit board 40.
  • the first microphone module 90 is located at the bottom section 23 of the ear handle 2.
  • the first microphone module 90 may be located on the side of the battery 70 away from the antenna 20.
  • the first microphone module 90 is connected to the second end 405 of the circuit board 40.
  • the first microphone module 90 is coupled to the chip 50.
  • the first microphone module 90 is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals.
  • the second microphone module 110 is located at the connecting section 21 of the ear handle 2.
  • the second microphone module 110 is located on the side of the battery 70 close to the antenna 20.
  • the second microphone module 110 is connected to the second connecting portion 403 of the circuit board 40.
  • the second microphone module 110 is coupled to the chip 50.
  • the second microphone module 110 is used to convert a sound signal into an electric signal.
  • the second microphone module 110 and the first microphone module 90 can work together to improve the accuracy of voice recognition of the Bluetooth headset 100.
  • the second microphone module 110 and the first microphone module 90 can also work independently of each other.
  • the Bluetooth headset 100 may include more functional modules (for example, it may also include a proximity sensor module, a bone vibration module, etc.) or less. Functional modules, this application does not make strict restrictions on this.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 2 in an embodiment.
  • the circuit board 40 in FIG. 4 is a simple structural diagram when the circuit board 40 is in a flattened state, and does not limit the specific shape of the circuit board 40.
  • the circuit board 40 includes a feed pad 41, a ground layer 42, a first ground branch 43 and a second ground branch 44.
  • the feeding pad 41 is located in the feeding portion 401.
  • the feeding pad 41 is used to fix the conductive member 80 to couple the antenna 20.
  • the ground layer 42 is located at the power feeding portion 401 and is spaced apart from the power feeding pad 41.
  • the ground layer 42 is grounded, and the ground layer 42 is a part of the return path of the antenna 20.
  • the ground layer 42 and the feed pad 41 are located on different conductive layers of the circuit board 40 to form a gap between them.
  • the feed pad 41 is located on the surface conductive layer of the circuit board 40
  • the ground layer 42 is located on the inner conductive layer of the circuit board 40 or another surface conductive layer.
  • the ground layer 42 and the feed pad 41 may also be located on the same layer, and a gap is formed between the two and they are not in contact with each other.
  • One end of the first ground branch 43 is connected to the ground layer 42, and the other end extends to the first end 404.
  • a first switch 431 is connected in series to the first ground branch 43. When the first switch 431 is turned on, the first ground branch 43 is used to form a ground current, and the first ground branch 43 is a part of the return path of the antenna 20; when the first switch 431 is turned off, the first switch 431 cuts off the first For the current on the ground branch 43, the first ground branch 43 does not provide an effective return path for the antenna 20.
  • One end of the second ground branch 44 is connected to the ground layer 42, and the other end extends to the second end 405.
  • a second switch 441 is connected in series to the second ground branch 44. When the second switch 441 is turned on, the second ground branch 44 is used to form a ground current, and the second ground branch 44 is a part of the return path of the antenna 20; when the second switch 441 is turned off, the second switch 441 cuts off the second For the current on the ground branch 44, the second ground branch 44 does not provide an effective return path for the antenna 20.
  • the Bluetooth headset 100 can form a variety of ground structures by controlling the state (on or off) of the first switch 431 and the second switch 441, and by switching the ground structure, different grounding branches can be selected for the antenna 20. In other words, different return paths are selected to switch the antenna pattern.
  • the pattern of the antenna 20 under multiple ground structures is complementary, so that the antenna 20 has no obvious zero point in each radiation direction, and the antenna gain of the antenna 20 in each direction is relatively high. Uniformity, thereby improving communication quality, and solving the problem of low antenna gain at certain angles and affecting communication experience.
  • FIG. 5 is a current schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the Bluetooth headset 100 shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is a part of the structure of the feeder 401 of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4 in some embodiments. Schematic.
  • the antenna 20 is used to form the first current 3a.
  • the first current 3a is the antenna current.
  • the flow direction of the first current 3a varies with the shape direction of the antenna 20.
  • the antenna 20 includes a feeding end 201 and an end 202 far from the feeding end 201.
  • the feeding end 201 is connected to the feeding pad 41 via the conductive member 80 to couple the feeding portion 401.
  • the first current 3 a extends from the feeding terminal 201 to the end 202, that is, the direction of the first current 3 a is from the connecting section 21 of the ear stem 2 to the top section 22 of the ear stem 2.
  • the antenna 20 may be a quarter-wave antenna to have higher antenna efficiency.
  • the electrical length of the antenna 20 can be achieved by adjusting the physical length of the antenna 20.
  • the shape of the antenna 20 is helical to overcome the lack of space in the top section 22 of the ear stem 2 and increase the length of the antenna 20 so that the electrical length of the first current 3a formed on the antenna 20 can meet a quarter. Wavelength requirements.
  • the physical length of the antenna 20 can be changed by changing the number of winding turns, the winding density, and the winding shape of the antenna 20.
  • the antenna 20 may also be configured to have a structure with stacked multi-layer antenna segments. The specific shape of the antenna 20 is not strictly limited in this application.
  • the second current 3b is a ground current.
  • the second current 3b extends from the end of the first ground branch 43 away from the ground layer 42 to the ground layer 42. That is, the second current 3b extends from the first end portion 404 of the circuit board 40 to the power feeding portion 401, and the direction of the second current 3b is the connecting section 21 from the earplug portion 1 to the ear stem portion 2.
  • the flow direction of the second current 3b changes with the shape direction of the circuit board 40.
  • the electrical length of the first ground branch 43 is a quarter wavelength or close to a quarter wavelength, so that the second current 3b is in a resonant mode, which can form an effective radiation.
  • the first switch 431 may be located at the power feeding part 401 of the circuit board 40 (as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 ), or at an end of the first connecting part 402 close to the feeding part 401.
  • the electrical length of the portion of the first ground branch 43 between the first switch 431 and the ground layer 42 is less than a quarter wavelength, and the current in this portion is not in the resonance mode, and effective radiation cannot be formed.
  • the first switch 431 may also be located in other positions, so that the electrical length of the portion of the first ground branch 43 between the first switch 431 and the ground layer 42 is not equal to N/4.
  • the wavelength is sufficient, and N is a positive integer.
  • the third current 3c is a ground current.
  • the third current 3c extends from the end of the second ground branch 44 away from the ground layer 42 to the ground layer 42. That is, the third current 3c extends from the second end 405 of the circuit board 40 to the power feeding portion 401, and the direction of the third current 3c is the bottom section 23 of the earstalk 2 to the connecting section 21 of the earstalk 2.
  • the flow direction of the third current 3c changes with the shape direction of the circuit board 40.
  • the electrical length of the second ground branch 44 is a quarter wavelength or close to a quarter wavelength, so that the third current 3c is in a resonant mode, which can form an effective radiation.
  • the second switch 441 may be located at the power feeding part 401 of the circuit board 40 (as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 ), or at an end of the second connecting part 403 close to the feeding part 401. For example, it may be located between the chip 50 and the ground layer 42.
  • the electrical length of the portion of the first ground branch 43 between the first switch 431 and the ground layer 42 is less than a quarter wavelength, and the current in this portion is not in the resonance mode, and effective radiation cannot be formed.
  • the second switch 441 may also be located in other positions, so that the electrical length of the portion of the first ground branch 43 between the first switch 431 and the ground layer 42 is not equal to N/4.
  • the wavelength is sufficient, and N is a positive integer.
  • the directions of the first current 3a, the second current 3b, and the third current 3c can have two states.
  • Figure 5 shows one state, and the other state.
  • the direction of the first current 3a is the top section 22 of the earstalk 2 to the connecting section 21 of the earstalk 2
  • the direction of the second current 3b is the connecting section 21 of the earstalk 2 to the earplug 1.
  • the third current The direction of 3c is from the connecting section 21 of the ear stem 2 to the bottom section 23 of the ear stem 2.
  • the first current 3a, the second current 3b, and the third current 3c whose electrical length is a quarter of the wavelength of the carrier medium, that is, the antenna 20, the first ground branch 43, and the second The second ground branch 44 is affected by the medium surrounding its path, and its actual physical length is smaller than a quarter wavelength.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the equivalent current of the structure shown in FIG. 5.
  • the first current 3a is equivalent to the first equivalent current 3a' shown in FIG. 7
  • the second current 3b is equivalent to the second equivalent current 3b' shown in FIG. 7
  • the third current 3c is equivalent to the third equivalent current 3c' shown in FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the radiation field pattern 51 of the Bluetooth headset 100 shown in FIG. 1 under the first ground structure of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4.
  • the antenna 20 forms a first current 3a.
  • the first current 3a is equivalent to the first equivalent current 3a' in FIG. 8.
  • the first equivalent current 3a' extends from the connecting section 21 of the ear stem 2 to the top of the ear stem 2. Segment 22.
  • the first switch 431 is turned on and the second switch 441 is turned off.
  • the first grounding branch 43 serves as a return path.
  • the first grounding branch 43 forms a second current 3b.
  • the second current 3b is equivalent to the second equivalent in FIG.
  • the current 3b′ and the second equivalent current 3b′ extend from the earplug part 1 to the connecting section 21 of the ear stem part 2.
  • the second current 3b and the first current 3a can synthesize an equivalent current 3d in a resonance mode, and the equivalent current 3d extends from the earplug part 1 to the top section 22 of the ear stem part 2.
  • the electrical length of the first current 3a is a quarter-wavelength
  • the electrical length of the second current 3b is a quarter-wavelength
  • the combined equivalent current 3d has an electrical length of a half-wavelength, which is in resonance.
  • the modal makes the antenna signal radiate effectively.
  • the radiation field pattern 51 of the Bluetooth headset 100 is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the line connecting the radiation zero point 52 and the center point 54 of the radiation field pattern 51 is parallel to the equivalent current 3d, and the radiation intensity point
  • the line connecting 53 and the center point 54 is perpendicular to the equivalent current 3d.
  • the direction of the first current 3a is the connecting section 21 of the earstalk 2 to the top section 22 of the earstalk 2
  • the direction of the second current 3b is the connecting section of the earplugs 1 to the earstalk 2. 21. Therefore, the direction of the equivalent current 3d synthesized by the first current 3a and the second current 3b is the top section 22 from the earplug part 1 to the ear stem part 2, so that when the user wears the Bluetooth headset 100, the antenna 20 of the Bluetooth headset 100
  • the radiation null point 52 of the radiation field pattern 51 is facing the user's head, thereby greatly reducing the adverse effect of the user's head on the antenna 20, so that the antenna 20 has better antenna performance.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the radiation field pattern 51 of the Bluetooth headset 100 shown in FIG. 1 under the second ground structure of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4.
  • the antenna 20 forms a first current 3a.
  • the first current 3a is equivalent to the first equivalent current 3a' in FIG. 9.
  • the first equivalent current 3a' extends from the connecting section 21 of the ear stem 2 to the top of the ear stem 2. Segment 22.
  • the second switch 441 is turned on and the first switch 431 is turned off.
  • the second ground branch 44 serves as a return path.
  • the second ground branch 44 forms a third current 3c.
  • the third current 3c is equivalent to the third equivalent in FIG. 9
  • the current 3c′ and the third equivalent current 3c′ extend from the bottom section 23 of the ear stem 2 to the connecting section 21 of the ear stem 2.
  • the third current 3c and the first current 3a can synthesize an equivalent current 3d in a resonance mode, and the equivalent current 3d extends from the bottom section 23 of the ear stem 2 to the top section 22 of the ear stem 2.
  • the equivalent current 3d is staggered with the first equivalent current 3a' and the third equivalent current 3c'.
  • the equivalent current 3d is compared with the first equivalent current 3a' and the third etc.
  • the effective current 3c' should be a coincidence relationship.
  • the electrical length of the first current 3a is a quarter-wavelength
  • the electrical length of the third current 3c is a quarter-wavelength
  • the combined equivalent current 3d has an electrical length of a half-wavelength, which is in resonance.
  • the modal makes the antenna signal radiate effectively.
  • the radiation field pattern 51 of the Bluetooth headset 100 is shown in FIG. 9, the line connecting the radiation zero point 52 and the center point 54 of the radiation field pattern 51 is parallel to the equivalent current 3d, and the radiation intensity point The line connecting 53 and the center point 54 is perpendicular to the equivalent current 3d.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the radiation field pattern 51 of the Bluetooth headset 100 shown in FIG. 1 under the third ground structure of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4.
  • the antenna 20 forms a first current 3a.
  • the first current 3a is equivalent to the first equivalent current 3a' in FIG. 10.
  • the first equivalent current 3a' extends from the connecting section 21 of the ear stem 2 to the top of the ear stem 2. Segment 22.
  • the first switch 431 is turned on and the second switch 441 is turned on, and the first ground branch 43 and the second ground branch 44 serve as return paths.
  • the first ground branch 43 forms a second current 3b
  • the second current 3b is equivalent to the second equivalent current 3b' in FIG. 10
  • the second equivalent current 3b' is from the earplug part 1 to the connecting section 21 of the ear stem 2.
  • the second ground branch 44 forms a third current 3c
  • the third current 3c is equivalent to the third equivalent current 3c' in FIG. 10
  • the third equivalent current 3c' flows from the bottom section 23 of the earstalk part 2 to the earstalk part
  • the connecting section 21 of 2 extends.
  • the first current 3a, the second current 3b, and the third current 3c can synthesize the equivalent current 3d in the resonance mode.
  • the equivalent current 3d flows from the bottom of the earplug 1 (that is, the side close to the bottom 23 of the ear stem 2). ) Extends to the top section 22 of the ear handle 2.
  • the electrical length of the first current 3a is a quarter wavelength
  • the electrical length of the second current 3b is a quarter wavelength
  • the electrical length of the third current 3c is a quarter wavelength.
  • the combination of the three is equivalent
  • the electrical length of the current 3d is three-quarters of the wavelength and is in a resonance mode, so that the antenna signal is effectively radiated.
  • the antenna 20 of the Bluetooth headset 100 forms equivalent currents 3d in different directions under different ground structures, and the radiation field patterns 51 formed by the antenna 20 are complementary to each other.
  • the Bluetooth headset 100 can switch the circuit board
  • the ground structure of the antenna 20 changes the position of the radiation zero point 52 and the radiation intensity point 53 of the radiation pattern 51 of the antenna 20, so that it can prevent the antenna 20 from forming an obvious radiation zero point 52 in a certain radiation direction, so that the antenna 20 can move in all directions.
  • the antenna gain is more uniform, thereby improving the communication quality.
  • the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4 may have the aforementioned first ground structure and second ground structure.
  • the first switch 431 and the second switch 441 may be single-pole single-throw switches independent of each other, or may be integrated as single-pole double-throw switches.
  • the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4 may have the aforementioned first ground structure, second ground structure, and third ground structure.
  • the first switch 431 and the second switch 441 may be single-pole single-throw switches independent of each other.
  • FIG. 11A is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset 100 when the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4 is switched to the first ground structure
  • FIG. 11B is the circuit board 40 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 11C is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset 100 when the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4 is switched to the third ground structure.
  • 11A to 11C once again illustrate through simulation diagrams that the antenna 20 of the Bluetooth headset 100 corresponds to the radiation pattern of the first ground structure, the second ground structure, and the third ground structure, and the antenna 20 corresponds to the radiation pattern of different ground structures. Complement each other.
  • the second switch 441 when the circuit board 40 is switched to the first ground structure, the second switch 441 is turned off, and the current of the second ground branch 44 between the second switch 441 and the ground layer 42 can participate in a small part of the current.
  • Radiation, and the proportion of radiation involved is significantly smaller than the proportion of other currents in the resonance state (that is, the first current 3a and the second current 3b) participating in the radiation, so that the effective radiation current of the antenna 20 (the combined current of all the currents participating in the radiation)
  • the direction of rotates slightly counterclockwise, and the azimuth of the radiation pattern of the antenna 20 is adaptively rotated counterclockwise compared to the radiation pattern 51 in FIG. 8.
  • the first switch 431 when the circuit board 40 is switched to the second ground structure, the first switch 431 is turned off, and the current of the first ground branch 43 located between the first switch 431 and the ground layer 42 can participate in a small part of the current. Radiation, and the proportion of participating in radiation is significantly smaller than that of other currents in resonance (that is, the first current 3a and the third current 3c) participating in the radiation, so that the direction of the effective radiation current of the antenna 20 is compared with that in Fig. 9
  • the equivalent current 3d rotates slightly clockwise, and the azimuth of the radiation pattern of the antenna 20 is adaptively changed clockwise compared to the radiation pattern 51 in FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 12 is a comparison direction diagram of the free space vertical section of the Bluetooth headset 100 shown in FIG. 1 under the various ground structures of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4.
  • the dashed outline indicates that the bluetooth headset 100 corresponds to the first ground structure of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4, and the dash-dotted outline indicates that the bluetooth headset 100 corresponds to the circuit board 40 shown in FIG.
  • the direction diagram of the second ground structure of the Bluetooth headset 100 corresponds to the direction diagram of the third ground structure of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG.
  • the Bluetooth headset 100 can switch the ground structure of the circuit board 40 to make the radiation zero point and radiation intensity of the radiation field pattern of the antenna 20 The position of the point changes, so it is possible to prevent the antenna 20 from forming an obvious radiation zero point in a certain radiation direction, so that the antenna gain of the antenna 20 in all directions is relatively uniform, thereby improving the communication quality.
  • FIG. 13A is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the free space of the Bluetooth headset 100 corresponding to the head model when the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4 is switched to the first ground structure
  • FIG. 13B is the simulation diagram of the free space of the head model. Shows a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset 100 corresponding to the free space of the head model when the circuit board 40 is switched to the second ground structure
  • FIG. 13C is the bluetooth headset 100 corresponding to the head when the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4 is switched to the third ground structure
  • FIG. 13A is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the free space of the Bluetooth headset 100 corresponding to the head model when the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4 is switched to the first ground structure
  • FIG. 13B is the simulation diagram of the free space of the head model. Shows a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset 100 corresponding to the free space of the head model when the circuit board 40 is switched to
  • FIG. 14A is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset 100 corresponding to the head mold when the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4 is switched to the first ground structure
  • FIG. 14B is the simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern shown in FIG. 4
  • FIG. 14C is the radiation field of the Bluetooth headset 100 corresponding to the head model when the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4 is switched to the third ground structure Type simulation diagram.
  • FIG. 15A is a comparison direction diagram of the Bluetooth headset 100 shown in FIG. 1 corresponding to the vertical section of the head mold under the various ground structures of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 15B It is a comparison direction diagram of the Bluetooth headset 100 shown in FIG. 1 corresponding to the horizontal section of the head mold under the various configurations of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4.
  • the dashed outlines respectively indicate the directional diagrams of the Bluetooth headset 100 corresponding to the vertical and horizontal sections of the head mold under the first ground structure of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG.
  • 15A and 15B illustrate that when the Bluetooth headset 100 is worn on the user's head, the antenna 20, which can switch between multiple configurations, has a relatively uniform antenna gain in each direction of the vertical or horizontal section, and there is no obvious zero point.
  • the communication quality of 20 is relatively high.
  • the Bluetooth headset 100 can interact with the Bluetooth antenna of an electronic device, and the electronic device may be a product such as a mobile phone, a tablet, a computer, or a smart wearable device.
  • the electronic device When the electronic device is placed in a different state, the polarization direction of the Bluetooth antenna is different, and the polarization direction of the Bluetooth antenna will change with the placement state of the electronic device.
  • the Bluetooth headset 100 can change the pattern of the antenna 20 of the Bluetooth headset 100 by switching the structure, and the polarization direction of the antenna 20 changes to approach the polarization direction of the Bluetooth antenna of the electronic device. Therefore, the path loss caused by the polarization difference during the communication between the Bluetooth headset 100 and the electronic device is reduced.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the Bluetooth headset 100 shown in FIG. 1 in a use state.
  • the electronic device and the Bluetooth headset 100 may be located on the same side of the head mold, or may be located on a different side of the head mold.
  • the antenna 20 of the Bluetooth antenna 100 is in the third ground structure, and the antenna gain on the opposite side of the head mold is higher.
  • the antenna 20 is higher in the head mold. The antenna gain on the same side is higher, so the Bluetooth headset 100 can switch the directional pattern by switching the ground structure, so as to better communicate with the electronic device.
  • the first ground branch 43 is also connected in series with a first choke inductor 432, and the first choke inductor 432 and the first switch 431 are arranged in parallel.
  • the first ground branch 43 is used not only to provide a return path for the antenna 20, but also to provide a reference ground for other functional modules of the Bluetooth headset 100. Since the first choke inductor 432 is arranged in parallel with the first switch 431, and the first choke inductor 432 is connected in series to the first ground branch 43, the first ground branch 43 is continuous when used as the reference ground for low-frequency signals ,complete.
  • the earpiece module 60 is connected to the first ground branch 43, and the first ground branch 43 is also used to provide a reference ground for the earpiece module 60.
  • the inductance value of the first choke inductor 432 may be greater than or equal to 22 nanohenries (nH) to block signals in the Bluetooth frequency band (2.4 GHz) and allow low frequency signals below the Bluetooth frequency band to pass.
  • the inductance value of the first choke inductor 432 may be 82 nanohenries (nH).
  • the second ground branch 44 is also connected in series with a second choke inductor 442, and the second choke inductor 442 is arranged in parallel with the second switch 441.
  • the second ground branch 44 is used not only to provide a return path for the antenna 20, but also to provide a reference ground for other functional modules of the Bluetooth headset 100. Since the second choke inductor 442 is arranged in parallel with the second switch 441, and the second choke inductor 442 is connected in series to the second ground branch 44, the second ground branch 44 is continuous when used as the reference ground for low-frequency signals ,complete.
  • the first microphone module 90 is connected to the second ground branch 44, and the second ground branch 44 is also used to provide a reference ground for the first microphone module 90.
  • the inductance value of the second choke inductor 442 may be greater than or equal to 22 nanohenries (nH) to block signals in the Bluetooth frequency band (2.4 GHz) and allow low frequency signals below the Bluetooth frequency band to pass.
  • the inductance value of the second choke inductor 442 may be 82 nanohenries (nH).
  • the circuit board 40 further includes a first low-frequency signal line 45, a second low-frequency signal line 46, and a chip pad 47.
  • the die pad 47 is located at the first connection portion 402 of the circuit board 40 and is used for fixing the chip 50.
  • One end of the first low-frequency signal line 45 is connected to the chip pad 47 to connect to the chip 50, and the other end of the first low-frequency signal line 45 extends to the first end 404.
  • the first low-frequency signal line 45 can be connected to other functional modules of the Bluetooth headset 100 for transmitting low-frequency signals between the functional module and the chip 50.
  • the earpiece module 60 is connected to the first low-frequency signal line 45.
  • the first low-frequency signal line 45 transmits signals between the earpiece module 60 and the chip 50.
  • the first low-frequency signal line 45 is connected in series with a third choke inductor 451. Because some positions of the first low-frequency signal line 45 may be capacitively coupled to the first ground branch 43, a third choke inductor 451 is connected in series to the first low-frequency signal line 45, and the third choke inductor 451 makes the first low-frequency The signal line 45 is isolated from the ground at high frequencies.
  • the inductance value of the third choke inductor 451 may be greater than or equal to 22 nanohenries, for example, the inductance value of the third choke inductor 451 may be 82 nanohenries.
  • the second low-frequency signal line 46 is connected to the chip pad 47 to connect to the chip 50, and the other end of the second low-frequency signal line 46 extends to the second end 405.
  • the second low-frequency signal line 46 can be connected to other functional modules of the Bluetooth headset 100 for transmitting low-frequency signals between the functional module and the chip 50.
  • the first microphone module 90 is connected to the first low-frequency signal line 45.
  • the first low-frequency signal line 45 transmits signals between the first microphone module 90 and the chip 50.
  • the second low-frequency signal line 46 is connected in series with a fourth choke inductor 461. Because some positions of the second low-frequency signal line 46 may be capacitively coupled to the second ground branch 44, a fourth choke inductor 461 is connected in series to the second low-frequency signal line 46, and the fourth choke inductor 461 makes the second low-frequency The signal line 46 is isolated from the ground at high frequencies.
  • the inductance value of the fourth choke inductor 461 may be greater than or equal to 22 nanohenries, for example, the inductance value of the fourth choke inductor 461 may be 82 nanohenries.
  • the circuit board 40 further includes a first power line 47 and a second power line 48.
  • One end of the first power line 47 is connected to the chip pad 47 to connect to the chip 50, and the other end of the first power line 47 extends to the first end 404.
  • One end of the second power line 48 is connected to the chip pad 47 to connect to the chip 50, and the other end of the second power line 48 extends to the second end 405.
  • the first power line 47 and the second power line 48 are connected to the power management module of the chip 50.
  • the second power line 48 is connected to the battery 70, and the power management module is used to control the charging and discharging process of the battery 70 and the process of supplying power to other functional modules.
  • the first power cord 47 and the second power cord 48 are also used to connect to other functional modules of the Bluetooth headset 100, such as the handset module 60, the first microphone module 90, etc., so that the battery can supply power to the functional modules of the Bluetooth headset 100 .
  • the first power line 47 may be connected in series with a fifth choke inductor 471, and the second power line 48 may be connected in series with a sixth choke inductor 481.
  • the fifth choke inductance 471 and the sixth choke inductance 481 can be greater than or equal to 22 nanohenries, for example, can be 82 nanohenries.
  • the second microphone module 110 of the Bluetooth headset 100 can be connected to the second low frequency signal line 46, the second ground branch 44 and the second power line 48.
  • Other modules of the Bluetooth headset 100 may also include a sensor module, and the sensor module may be connected to the first low-frequency signal line 45, the first ground branch 43 and the first power line 47.
  • the circuit board 40 further includes a matching circuit 49 and a radio frequency circuit 410.
  • the radio frequency circuit 410 is located in the radiation part 401, and the matching circuit 49 is connected between the radio frequency circuit 410 and the feeding pad 41.
  • the matching circuit 49 may include one or more of capacitors, inductors, or resistors.
  • the matching circuit may include a capacitance of 1.3 picofarads (pF) and an inductance of 10 nanohenries.
  • the circuit board 40 since the effective electrical lengths of the first ground branch 43 and the second ground branch 44 are similar or the same, the circuit board 40 does not need to be provided with two sets of matching circuits and an antenna switch for switching the two sets of matching circuits. Therefore, the circuit board 40 can use the same matching circuit 49, which simplifies the circuit structure of the circuit board 40 and reduces the cost of the circuit board 40.
  • the radio frequency circuit 410 is used to process radio frequency signals.
  • the radio frequency circuit 410 is used to modulate or demodulate radio frequency signals.
  • the radio frequency circuit 410 is connected to the chip pad 47 to connect to the chip 50.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 2 in another embodiment.
  • the following mainly describes the difference between the circuit board 40 of this embodiment and the circuit board 40 of the foregoing embodiment, and most of the technical content that is the same as the circuit board 40 of the foregoing embodiment will not be repeated.
  • the radio frequency circuit 410 of the circuit board 40 may also be located at the first connection part 402.
  • the matching circuit 49 is still located in the feeding portion 401 to keep a small distance from the feeding pad 41, so that the quality of the radio frequency signal received and received by the feeding pad 41 is higher.
  • the Bluetooth headset 100 may also be provided with a radio frequency processing module in the chip 50 for processing radio frequency signals.
  • the circuit board 40 is no longer provided with the radio frequency circuit 410, and the radio frequency processing module of the chip 50 is connected to the matching circuit 49.
  • the electrical length of the first ground branch 43 and the electrical length of the second ground branch 44 have various adjustment methods, for example:
  • the first ground branch 43 extends from the power feeding portion 401 to the first end 404, so the electrical length of the first ground branch 43 can be achieved by adjusting the length of the first connection portion 402.
  • the second ground branch 44 extends from the power feeding portion 401 to the second end 405, so the electrical length of the second ground branch 44 can be achieved by adjusting the length of the second connection portion 403.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4 in the first embodiment.
  • the first connecting portion 402 includes a plurality of areas connected in sequence, and the plurality of areas includes one or more straight areas 4021 and one or more curved areas 4022.
  • the first connecting portion 402 can be bent or straightened, that is, by increasing or decreasing the number or area of the straight area 4021 and the curved area 4022, the length of the first connecting portion 402 can be effectively adjusted, thereby adjusting the first connecting portion 402.
  • the length of the grounding branch 43 makes the electrical length of the first grounding branch 43 meet the requirements.
  • the second connecting portion 403 includes a plurality of regions connected in sequence, and the plurality of regions includes one or more straight regions 4031 and one or more curved regions 4032.
  • the second connecting portion 403 can be bent or straightened, that is, by increasing or reducing the number or area of the straight area 4031 and the curved area 4032, the length of the second connecting portion 403 can be effectively adjusted, thereby adjusting the second
  • the length of the grounding branch 44 makes the electrical length of the second grounding branch 44 meet the requirements.
  • the electrical length of the second ground branch 44 can also be achieved by adjusting the length of the second end 405.
  • the second end 405 includes a plurality of regions connected in sequence, and the plurality of regions includes one or more straight regions 4051 and one or more curved regions 4052.
  • the second end 405 can be bent or straightened, that is, by increasing or decreasing the number or area of the straight area 4051 and the curved area 4052, the length of the second end 405 can be effectively adjusted, thereby adjusting the second
  • the length of the grounding branch 44 makes the electrical length of the second grounding branch 44 meet the requirements.
  • first ground branch 43 and the second ground branch 44 when used as the return path of the antenna 20, they work in the Bluetooth frequency band.
  • a low-pass and high-resistance element is connected in series to 44 to adjust the electrical length of the first ground branch 43 and the second ground branch 44.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 4 in the second embodiment.
  • the first ground branch 43 is also connected in series with a first low-pass and high-resistance element 433, and the first low-pass and high-resistance element 433 is arranged in series with the first switch 431 and is located on the side of the first switch 431 away from the ground layer 42.
  • the first low-pass high-resistance element 433 is used to allow currents in a frequency band lower than the Bluetooth signal frequency band to pass, and to prevent currents in a frequency band close to the Bluetooth signal frequency from passing.
  • the first low-pass high-resistance element 433 changes the electrical length of the first ground branch 43 as the return path of the antenna 20, so that the first ground branch 43 meets the electrical length requirement without affecting the first ground branch 43 As a reference ground for low-frequency signals.
  • the first low-pass high-resistance element 433 may be located at the first connecting portion 402 or the first end portion 404.
  • the second ground branch 44 is also connected in series with a second low-pass and high-resistance element 443, and the second low-pass and high-resistance element 443 is arranged in series with the second switch 441 and is located on the side of the second switch 441 away from the ground layer 42.
  • the second low-pass high-impedance element 443 is used to allow currents in a frequency band lower than the Bluetooth signal frequency band to pass, and to prevent currents in a frequency band close to the Bluetooth signal frequency from passing.
  • the second low-pass high-resistance element 443 changes the electrical length of the second ground branch 44 as the return path of the antenna 20, so that the second ground branch 44 meets the electrical length requirement without affecting the second ground branch 44 As a reference ground for low-frequency signals.
  • the second low-pass and high-resistance element 443 may be located at the second connecting portion 403 or the second end portion 405.
  • the first low-pass high-resistance element 433 and the second low-pass high-resistance element 443 may be inductors or magnetic beads.
  • the impedance of the inductor can be greater than 1 nanohenry, for example, it can be in the range of 20 nanohenry to 70 nanohenry.
  • the combination of the above two embodiments can also be used to adjust the electrical length of the first ground branch 43 and the electrical length of the second ground branch 44.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 2 in another embodiment.
  • the following mainly describes the difference between the circuit board 40 of this embodiment and the circuit board 40 of the foregoing embodiment, and most of the technical content that is the same as the circuit board 40 of the foregoing embodiment will not be repeated.
  • the part of the second connecting portion 403 located in the dashed line frame includes a plurality of bent parts.
  • FIG. 20 shows that the shape of the wire passing through this part is bent multiple times. , And the outline of this part is indicated by a straight shape.
  • the circuit board 40 includes a feed pad 41, a ground layer 42, a first ground branch 43 and a second ground branch 44.
  • the feeding pad 41 is located in the feeding portion 401.
  • the feed pad 41 is used to couple the antenna 20.
  • the ground layer 42 is located at the power feeding portion 401 and is spaced apart from the power feeding pad 41.
  • One end of the first ground branch 43 is connected to the ground layer 42, and the other end extends to the first end 404.
  • One end of the second ground branch 44 is connected to the ground layer 42, and the other end extends to the second end 405.
  • the electrical length of the first ground branch 43 may be a quarter wavelength.
  • the second ground branch 44 is connected to the first branch 444 in series.
  • the second ground branch 44 also includes a second branch 445, one end of the second branch 445 is connected to one end of the first branch 444, and the other end of the second branch 445 is connected to the other end of the first branch 444, or coupling.
  • the end of the second branch 445 is connected to the end of the first branch 444, that is, the ends of the two are contacted to achieve a direct structural connection and electrical connection.
  • the end of the second branch 445 is coupled with the end of the first branch 444, that is, the ends of the two are close to each other, and a capacitance is formed between the two to realize electrical coupling.
  • a switch 446 is connected in series to the second branch 445.
  • the length of the second branch 445 is shorter than the length of the first branch 444.
  • the portion of the second connection portion 403 of the circuit board 40 close to the power feeding portion 401 is located at the connection section 21 of the ear handle portion 2 of the Bluetooth headset 100, it is unavoidable that it needs to be folded to make the second connection
  • the length of the portion 403 is relatively long, and the length of the second grounding branch 44 passing through the second connecting portion 403 and extending to the second end portion 405 is relatively large. Since the second branch 445 is arranged in parallel with the first branch 444, and the length of the second branch 445 is shorter than the length of the first branch 444, when the switch 446 of the second branch 445 is turned off, the second ground branch
  • the third current on the circuit 44 selects the longer-length first branch 444 as the path.
  • the electrical length of the second ground branch 44 is greater than a quarter of a wavelength, and it is difficult to form effective radiation. Therefore, the return path of the antenna 20 is mainly the first branch.
  • the second ground branch 44 and the first ground branch 43 simultaneously serve as the return path of the antenna 20.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of the radiation field pattern 51 of the Bluetooth headset 100 shown in FIG. 1 under the first ground structure of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 20.
  • the antenna 20 forms a first current.
  • the first current is equivalent to the first equivalent current 3a' in FIG. 21.
  • the first equivalent current 3a' extends from the connecting section 21 of the ear stem 2 to the top section of the ear stem 2. twenty two.
  • the switch 446 is turned off, the first grounding branch 43 serves as a return path, and the first grounding branch 43 forms a second current.
  • the second current is equivalent to the second equivalent current 3b' and the second equivalent current 3b' in FIG.
  • the connecting section 21 extending from the earplug part 1 to the ear stem part 2.
  • the second current and the first current can synthesize an equivalent current 3d in the resonance mode, and the equivalent current 3d extends from the earplug part 1 to the top section 22 of the ear stem part 2.
  • the electrical length of the first current is a quarter wavelength
  • the electrical length of the second current is a quarter wavelength
  • the combined equivalent current 3d has an electrical length of a half wavelength and is in a resonance mode. , So that the antenna signal is effectively radiated.
  • the direction of the first current is from the connecting section 21 of the ear stalk 2 to the top section 22 of the ear stalk 2
  • the direction of the second current is from the earplug 1 to the connecting section 21 of the ear stalk 2. Therefore, the direction of the equivalent current 3d synthesized by the first current and the second current is the top section 22 of the earplug part 1 to the ear stem part 2, so that when the user wears the Bluetooth headset 100, the radiation field pattern of the antenna 20 of the Bluetooth headset 100
  • the radiation null point 52 of 51 faces the user's head, thereby greatly reducing the adverse effect of the user's head on the antenna 20, so that the antenna 20 has better antenna performance.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of the radiation field pattern 51 of the Bluetooth headset 100 shown in FIG. 1 under the second ground structure of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 20.
  • the antenna 20 forms a first current.
  • the first current is equivalent to the first equivalent current 3a' in FIG. 22.
  • the first equivalent current 3a' extends from the connecting section 21 of the ear stem 2 to the top section 22 of the ear stem 2. .
  • the switch 446 is turned on, and the first ground branch 43 and the second ground branch 44 serve as return paths.
  • the first ground branch 43 forms a second current, which is equivalent to the second equivalent current 3b' in FIG.
  • the second equivalent current 3b' extends from the earplug part 1 to the connecting section 21 of the ear stem part 2.
  • the second ground branch 44 forms a third current.
  • the third current is equivalent to the third equivalent current 3c' in FIG. 22.
  • the third equivalent current 3c' flows from the bottom section 23 of the earstalk 2 to the earstalk 2.
  • the connecting section 21 extends.
  • the first current, the second current, and the third current can synthesize the equivalent current 3d in the resonance mode.
  • the equivalent current 3d flows from the bottom of the earplug part 1 (that is, the side close to the bottom section 23 of the ear stem part 2) to the ear.
  • the top section 22 of the handle 2 extends.
  • the electrical length of the first current is a quarter-wavelength
  • the electrical length of the second current is a quarter-wavelength
  • the electrical length of the third current is a quarter-wavelength.
  • the combined equivalent current of the three is 3d.
  • the electrical length is three-quarters of the wavelength, and it is in the resonant mode, so that the antenna signal is effectively radiated.
  • the antenna 20 of the Bluetooth headset 100 forms equivalent currents 3d in different directions under different ground structures.
  • the radiation field patterns 51 formed by the antenna 20 are complementary to each other.
  • the Bluetooth headset 100 can switch the circuit board
  • the ground structure of the antenna 20 changes the position of the radiation zero point 52 and the radiation intensity point 53 of the radiation pattern 51 of the antenna 20, so that it can prevent the antenna 20 from forming an obvious radiation zero point 52 in a certain radiation direction, so that the antenna 20 can move in all directions.
  • the antenna gain is more uniform, thereby improving the communication quality.
  • FIG. 23A is a simulation diagram of the radiation field pattern of the Bluetooth headset 100 when the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 20 is switched to the first ground structure
  • FIG. 23B is the circuit board 40 shown in FIG.
  • 23A and FIG. 23B illustrate through simulation diagrams again that the antenna 20 of the Bluetooth headset 100 corresponds to the radiation pattern of the first ground structure and the second ground structure, and the radiation pattern of the antenna 20 corresponding to different ground structures complements each other.
  • the switch 446 when the circuit board 40 is switched to the first ground structure, the switch 446 is turned off, and the second ground branch 44 can participate in radiation in a small amount, and the proportion of participating in the radiation is significantly smaller than other currents in the resonance state ( That is, the ratio of the first current and the second current) participating in the radiation, so that the effective radiation current of the antenna 20 (the combined current of all currents participating in the radiation) is slightly reversed compared to the equivalent current 3d in FIG. 21
  • the azimuth of the radiation pattern of the antenna 20 is adaptively rotated counterclockwise compared to the radiation pattern in FIG. 21.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 20 in some embodiments.
  • the circuit board 40 further includes a third end portion 406 and a third connection portion 407.
  • the third end 406 is located at the connecting section 21 of the ear handle 2 or at an end of the bottom section 22 of the ear handle 2 close to the connecting section 21 of the ear handle 2, and the third end 406 is connected to the second connecting section 403 or It is arranged close to the second connecting part 403.
  • the third end portion 406 is connected (for example, soldered or connected by conductive glue) to the second connection portion 403, an electrical connection is formed between the two.
  • the third end 406 is arranged close to the second connecting portion 403, which means that the third end 406 is in contact with the second connecting portion 403, or is not in contact with the second connecting portion 403 but the gap between the two is small.
  • An electrical coupling is formed between the three end portion 406 and the second connecting portion 403.
  • One end of the third connection part 407 is connected to the third end part 406, and the other end of the third connection part 407 is connected to the power feeding part 401.
  • the end of the second branch 445 away from the ground layer 42 extends to the third end 406 via the third connecting portion 407. At this time, as shown by the dashed line in FIG. 20, the end of the second branch 445 away from the ground layer 42 is connected or coupled to the end of the first branch 444 away from the ground layer 42.
  • the carrier medium of the second branch 445 can also be different from the aforementioned third end 406 and the third connecting portion 407, and the structure of the circuit board 40 can be adjusted accordingly. This application does not strictly limit the implementation of the carrier medium of the second branch 445.
  • the method for adjusting the electrical length of the first ground branch 43 and the second ground branch 44 by the circuit board 40 can refer to the foregoing embodiments.
  • the first ground branch 43 and the second ground branch 44 adjust the electrical length by connecting low-pass and high-resistance elements in series.
  • a first low-pass and high-resistance element 433 is connected in series to the first ground branch 43.
  • the second ground branch 44 is connected in series with a second low-pass and high-resistance element 443, and the second low-pass and high-resistance element 443 is arranged in series with the first branch 444 and is located on the side of the first branch 444 away from the ground layer 42.
  • the first low-pass high-impedance element 433 and the second low-pass high-impedance element 443 are used to allow currents in a frequency band lower than the Bluetooth signal frequency band to pass, and prevent currents in a frequency band close to the Bluetooth signal frequency from passing.
  • the first ground branch 43 can also be adjusted in electrical length by bending or straightening the wiring arrangement portion of the circuit board 40 (for example, the first connecting portion 402).
  • the second ground branch 44 can also achieve electrical length adjustment by bending or straightening the wiring arrangement portion of the circuit board 40 (for example, the second connecting portion 403 and the second end portion 405).
  • the earpiece module 60 is connected to the first ground branch 43.
  • the first ground branch 43 can be used as a return path of the antenna 20 and can also be used as a reference ground for the low-frequency signal of the earpiece module 60.
  • the first microphone module 90 is connected to the second ground branch 44.
  • the second ground branch 44 can be used as a return path of the antenna 20 and can also be used as a reference ground for the low-frequency signal of the first microphone module 90.
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 2 in another embodiment. Most of the technical content of the circuit board 40 of this embodiment that is the same as the circuit board 40 of the previous embodiment will not be repeated.
  • the main difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiments is that one end of the third connecting portion 407 is connected to the third end 406, and the other end of the third connecting portion 407 is connected to the second connecting portion 403.
  • the end of the second branch 445 away from the ground layer 42 is connected or coupled to the end of the first branch 444 away from the ground layer 42.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 25 in some embodiments.
  • the third connecting portion 407 is connected to an end of the second connecting portion 403 close to the power feeding portion 401. After the circuit board 40 is bent, the third end 406 is fixed to the side of the second connecting portion 403 facing the power feeding portion 401.
  • the second branch 445 located at the third connecting portion 407 and the third end 406 can effectively shorten the electrical length of the second grounding branch 44 to meet the electrical length requirements.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circuit board 40 shown in FIG. 25 in other embodiments.
  • the third connecting portion 407 is connected to an end of the second connecting portion 403 close to the power feeding portion 401. After the circuit board 40 is bent, the third end 406 is close to the second connection portion 403 and is located on the side of the second connection portion 403 facing the power feeding portion 401. In the Bluetooth headset 100, the third end 406 is located between the battery 70 (refer to the position of the battery 70 in FIG. 3) and the second connecting portion 403.
  • the third end portion 406 has a certain length to form a strong coupling with the second connection portion 403, so that the second branch 445 located at the third connection portion 407 and the third end 406 can effectively shorten the length of the second ground branch 44 Electrical length to meet electrical length requirements.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开一种蓝牙耳机。蓝牙耳机包括天线和线路板。线路板包括第一接地支路和第二接地支路,第一接地支路串接有第一开关,第二接地支路串接有第二开关。第一开关导通时,第一接地支路作为天线的回流路径。第二开关导通时,第二接地支路作为天线的回流路径。蓝牙耳机能够通过控制第一开关和第二开关的导通或断开状态,切换天线的地结构、为天线选择不同的回流路径,以进行天线方向图切换,天线在多种地结构下的方向图互补,使得天线在各个辐射方向无明显零点,天线在各个方向的天线增益较为均匀,从而提高了通信质量,解决了天线某些角度增益低而影响通信体验的问题。

Description

蓝牙耳机
本申请要求于2019年10月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911056997.1、申请名称为“蓝牙耳机”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及蓝牙设备技术领域,尤其涉及一种蓝牙耳机。
背景技术
目前,蓝牙耳机通常只设置一个蓝牙天线,该天线在某些方向上的天线增益明显偏低,当天线在这些天线增益低的方向上收发信号时,信号质量变差,影响通信体验。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种蓝牙耳机,该蓝牙耳机的天线在各个方向的天线增益较为均匀。
第一方面,本申请实施例提供一种蓝牙耳机。蓝牙耳机具有耳塞部和耳柄部,耳塞部设有听筒模组,耳柄部包括与耳塞部相接的连接段、及位于连接段两侧的顶段和底段,耳柄部的底段设有第一话筒模组。
蓝牙耳机包括天线和线路板。天线自耳柄部的连接段延伸至耳柄部的顶段。线路板具有馈电部、第一端部、第一连接部、第二端部以及第二连接部,馈电部位于耳柄部的连接段,第一端部位于耳塞部,第一连接部连接馈电部与第一端部,第二端部位于耳柄部的底段,第二连接部连接馈电部与第二端部。
线路板包括馈电焊盘、接地层、第一接地支路及第二接地支路。馈电焊盘位于馈电部且耦合天线。接地层位于馈电部且与馈电焊盘彼此间隔。接地层接地设置,接地层为天线的回流路径的一部分。
第一接地支路的一端连接接地层,另一端延伸至第一端部,第一接地支路串接有第一开关。第一开关导通时,第一接地支路用于形成地电流,第一接地支路为天线的回流路径的一部分;第一开关断开时,第一开关截断第一接地支路上的电流,第一接地支路不为天线提供有效的回流路径。
第二接地支路的一端连接接地层,另一端延伸至第二端部,第二接地支路串接有第二开关。第二开关导通时,第二接地支路用于形成地电流,第二接地支路为天线的回流路径的一部分;第二开关断开时,第二开关截断第二接地支路上的电流,第二接地支路不为天线提供有效的回流路径。
在本实施例中,蓝牙耳机可以通过控制第一开关和第二开关的状态(导通或断开)形成多种地结构,且通过切换地结构、为天线选择不同的接地支路,也即选择不同的回流路径,以进行天线方向图切换,天线在多种地结构下的方向图互补,使得天线在各个辐射方向无明显零点,天线在各个方向的天线增益较为均匀,从而提高了通信质量,解决了天线某些角度增益低而影响通信体验的问题。
一种可选的实施例中,接地层与馈电焊盘位于线路板的不同导电层,以在两者之间形成间隙。例如,馈电焊盘位于线路板的表层导电层,接地层位于线路板的内层导电层或另 一表层导电层。其他一些实施例中,接地层与馈电焊盘也可以位于同一层,且两者之间形成间隙、互不接触。
一种可选的实施例中,第一连接部和第二连接部分别连接于馈电部的两侧。馈电部连接第一连接部的一侧和连接第二连接部的另一侧,可以是相邻设置两侧,也可以相背设置的两侧。此时,线路板能够依据蓝牙耳机的形状、很好地排布于蓝牙耳机的内部。
一种可选的实施例中,天线用于形成第一电流。第一电流为天线电流。天线包括馈电端和远离馈电端的末端。馈电端经导电件连接馈电焊盘,以耦合馈电部。第一电流自馈电端延伸至末端,也即第一电流的方向为耳柄部的连接段向耳柄部的顶段。其中,天线可以为四分之一波长天线,以具有较高的天线效率。天线的电长度可以通过调节天线的物理长度实现。
第一开关导通且第二开关断开时,第一接地支路用于形成第二电流。第二电流与第一电流能够合成处于谐振模态的等效电流。第一接地支路作为回流路径。第二电流为地电流。第二电流自第一接地支路远离接地层的一端延伸至接地层。也即,第二电流自线路板的第一端部延伸至馈电部,第二电流的方向为耳塞部向耳柄部的连接段。第一开关导通时,第一接地支路的电长度为四分之一波长或接近四分之一波长,以使第二电流处于谐振模态,能够形成有效辐射。第一电流的电长度为四分之一波长,第二电流的电长度为四分之一波长,两者合成的等效电流的电长度为二分之一波长,处于谐振模态,使得天线信号进行有效辐射。等效电流由耳塞部向耳柄部的顶段延伸。
在本实施例中,由于第一电流的方向为耳柄部的连接段向耳柄部的顶段,第二电流的方向为耳塞部向耳柄部的连接段的方向,因此第一电流和第二电流合成的等效电流的方向为耳塞部向耳柄部的顶段,使得用户佩戴蓝牙耳机时,蓝牙耳机的天线的辐射场型的辐射零点朝向用户头部,从而大幅度降低用户头部对天线的不良影响,使得天线具有较佳的天线性能。
第二开关导通且第一开关断开时,第二接地支路用于形成第三电流。第三电流与第一电流能够合成处于谐振模态的等效电流。第二接地支路作为回流路径。第三电流为地电流。第三电流自第二接地支路远离接地层的一端延伸至接地层。也即,第三电流自线路板的第二端部延伸至馈电部,第三电流的方向为耳柄部的底段向耳柄部的连接段。第二开关导通时,第二接地支路的电长度为四分之一波长或接近四分之一波长,以使第三电流处于谐振模态,能够形成有效辐射。第一电流的电长度为四分之一波长,第三电流的电长度为四分之一波长,两者合成的等效电流的电长度为二分之一波长,处于谐振模态。等效电流由耳柄部的底段向耳柄部的顶段延伸。
一种可选的实施例中,第一开关导通且第二开关导通时,第一接地支路用于形成第二电流,第二接地支路用于形成第三电流。第一电流、第二电流及第三电流能够合成处于谐振模态的等效电流。第一接地支路和第二接地支路作为回流路径。第一电流的电长度为四分之一波长,第二电流的电长度为四分之一波长,第三电流的电长度为四分之一波长,三者合成的等效电流的电长度为四分之三波长,处于谐振模态,使得天线信号进行有效辐射。等效电流由耳塞部的下方(也即靠近耳柄部的底段的一方)向耳柄部的顶段延伸。
一种可选的实施例中,第一开关位于馈电部、或者位于第一连接部靠近馈电部的一端。 此时,第一接地支路位于第一开关与接地层之间的部分的电长度小于四分之一波长,该部分的电流不处于谐振模态,不能形成有效辐射。可以理解的是,在其他一些实施例中,第一开关也可以位于其他位置,满足第一接地支路位于第一开关与接地层之间的部分的电长度不等于N/4波长即可,N为正整数。
第二开关位于馈电部、或者位于第二连接部靠近馈电部的一端。此时,第一接地支路位于第一开关与接地层之间的部分的电长度小于四分之一波长,该部分的电流不处于谐振模态,不能形成有效辐射。可以理解的是,在其他一些实施例中,第二开关也可以位于其他位置,满足第一接地支路位于第一开关与接地层之间的部分的电长度不等于N/4波长即可,N为正整数。
一种可选的实施例中,第一接地支路还串接有第一扼流电感,第一扼流电感与第一开关并联设置。在本申请实施例中,第一接地支路既用于为天线提供回流路径,还用于为蓝牙耳机的其他功能模组提供参考地。由于第一扼流电感与第一开关并联设置,且第一扼流电感串接于第一接地支路,因此第一接地支路作为低频信号的参考地时,是连续的、完整的。示例性的,听筒模组连接第一接地支路。第一接地支路还用于为听筒模组提供参考地。示例性的,第一扼流电感的电感值可以大于或等于22纳亨(nH),以阻断蓝牙频段(2.4GHz)的信号且允许低于蓝牙频段的低频信号通过。
一种可选的实施例中,第二接地支路还串接有第二扼流电感,第二扼流电感与第二开关并联设置。在本申请实施例中,第二接地支路既用于为天线提供回流路径,还用于为蓝牙耳机的其他功能模组提供参考地。由于第二扼流电感与第二开关并联设置,且第二扼流电感串接于第二接地支路,因此第二接地支路作为低频信号的参考地时,是连续的、完整的。示例性的,第一话筒模组连接第二接地支路。第二接地支路还用于为第一话筒模组提供参考地。示例性的,第二扼流电感的电感值可以大于或等于22纳亨(nH),以阻断蓝牙频段(2.4GHz)的信号且允许低于蓝牙频段的低频信号通过。
一种可选的实施例中,蓝牙耳机还包括芯片,芯片位于耳塞部且连接线路板。线路板还包括第一低频信号线和第二低频信号线。第一低频信号线的一端连接芯片,另一端延伸至第一端部,第一低频信号线串接有第三扼流电感。第二低频信号线的一端连接芯片,另一端延伸至第二端部,第二低频信号线串接有第四扼流电感。第一低频信号线和第二低频信号线可以连接蓝牙耳机的其他功能模组,用于在功能模组与芯片之间传输低频信号。
听筒模组连接第一低频信号线。第一低频信号线在听筒模组与芯片之间传输信号。由于第一低频信号线的某些位置可能通过电容耦合第一接地支路,因此在第一低频信号线串接第三扼流电感,通过第三扼流电感使得第一低频信号线在高频时与地相互隔离。
第一话筒模组连接第二低频信号线。第一低频信号线在第一话筒模组与芯片之间传输信号。由于第二低频信号线的某些位置可能通过电容耦合第二接地支路,因此在第二低频信号线串接第四扼流电感,通过第四扼流电感使得第二低频信号线在高频时与地相互隔离。
一种可选的实施例中,线路板还包括第一电源线和第二电源线。第一电源线的一端连接芯片,第一电源线的另一端延伸至第一端部。第二电源线的一端连接芯片,第二电源线的另一端延伸至第二端部。第一电源线和第二电源线连接至芯片的电源管理模块。第二电源线连接电池,电源管理模块用于控制电池的充放电过程,及对其他功能模组的供电过程。 第一电源线和第二电源线还用于连接蓝牙耳机的其他功能模组,例如听筒模组、第一话筒模组等,使得电池能够为蓝牙耳机的功能模组供电。其中,第一电源线上可以串接有第五扼流电感,第二电源线可以串接有第六扼流电感。
一种可选的实施例中,第一接地支路还串接有第一低通高阻元件,第一低通高阻元件与第一开关串联设置且位于第一开关远离接地层的一侧。第一低通高阻元件用于允许频段低于蓝牙信号频段的电流通过,且阻止频段接近蓝牙信号频段的电流通过。此时,第一低通高阻元件改变第一接地支路作为天线的回流路径的电长度,以使第一接地支路满足电长度需求,且不影响第一接地支路作为低频信号的参考地的功能。示例性的,第一低通高阻元件可以位于第一连接部或者第一端部。
一种可选的实施例中,第二接地支路还串接有第二低通高阻元件,第二低通高阻元件与第二开关串联设置且位于第二开关远离接地层的一侧。第二低通高阻元件用于允许频段低于蓝牙信号频段的电流通过,且阻止频段接近蓝牙信号频段的电流通过。此时,第二低通高阻元件改变第二接地支路作为天线的回流路径的电长度,以使第二接地支路满足电长度需求,且不影响第二接地支路作为低频信号的参考地的功能。示例性的,第二低通高阻元件可以位于第二连接部或者第二端部。
一种可选的实施例中,第一连接部包括依次连接的多个区域,多个区域包括一个或多个平直区域以及一个或多个弯曲区域。第一连接部可以通过弯折或伸直的方式,也即通过增加或减少平直区域以及弯曲区域的数量或面积的方式,有效调节第一连接部的长度,从而调节第一接地支路的长度,使得第一接地支路的电长度满足要求。
一种可选的实施例中,第二连接部包括依次连接的多个区域,多个区域包括一个或多个平直区域以及一个或多个弯曲区域。第二连接部可以通过弯折或伸直的方式,也即通过增加或减少平直区域以及弯曲区域的数量或面积的方式,有效调节第二连接部的长度,从而调节第二接地支路的长度,使得第二接地支路的电长度满足要求。
一种可选的实施例中,第二端部包括依次连接的多个区域,多个区域包括一个或多个平直区域以及一个或多个弯曲区域。第二端部可以通过弯折或伸直的方式,也即通过增加或减少平直区域以及弯曲区域的数量或面积的方式,有效调节第二端部的长度,从而调节第二接地支路的长度,使得第二接地支路的电长度满足要求。
第二方面,本申请实施例还提供一种蓝牙耳机。蓝牙耳机具有耳塞部和耳柄部,耳塞部设有听筒模组,耳柄部包括与耳塞部相接的连接段、及位于连接段两侧的顶段和底段,耳柄部的底段设有第一话筒模组。
蓝牙耳机包括天线和线路板。天线自耳柄部的连接段延伸至耳柄部的顶段。线路板具有馈电部、第一端部、第一连接部、第二端部以及第二连接部,馈电部位于耳柄部的连接段,第一端部位于耳塞部,第一连接部连接馈电部与第一端部,第二端部位于耳柄部的底段,第二连接部连接馈电部与第二端部。
线路板包括馈电焊盘、接地层、第一接地支路及第二接地支路,馈电焊盘位于馈电部且耦合天线,接地层位于馈电部且与馈电焊盘彼此间隔,第一接地支路的一端连接接地层,另一端延伸至第一端部,第二接地支路的一端连接接地层,另一端延伸至第二端部。
第二接地支路串接有第一支路,第二接地支路还包括第二支路,第二支路的一端与第 一支路的一端连接,第二支路的另一端与第一支路的另一端连接或者耦合,第二支路串接有开关,第二支路的长度比第一支路的长度短。
在本实施例中,由于线路板的第二连接部靠近馈电部的部分位于蓝牙耳机的耳柄部的连接段,不可以避免地要需要进行折叠,使得第二连接部的长度较长,经过第二连接部且延伸至第二端部的第二接地支路的长度较大。由于第二支路与第一支路并联设置,且第二支路的长度比第一支路的长度短,当第二支路的开关断开时,第二接地支路上的第三电流选择长度较长的第一支路作为路径,第二接地支路的电长度大于四分之一波长,难以形成有效辐射,因此天线的回流路径主要为第一接地支路;当第二支路的开关导通时,第二接地支路上的第三电流选择长度较短的第二支路作为路径,使得第二接地支路的电长度能够缩短至四分之一波长,以进行有效辐射,第二接地支路和第一接地支路同时作为天线的回流路径。
一种可选的实施例中,天线用于形成第一电流。第一电流为天线电流。第一电流的流动方向随天线的形状方向变化。天线包括馈电端和远离馈电端的末端。馈电端经导电件连接馈电焊盘,以耦合馈电部。第一电流自馈电端延伸至末端,也即第一电流的方向为耳柄部的连接段向耳柄部的顶段。其中,天线可以为四分之一波长天线,以具有较高的天线效率。天线的电长度可以通过调节天线的物理长度实现。
开关断开时,第一接地支路用于形成第二电流,第二电流与第一电流能够合成处于谐振模态的等效电流。开关断开时,第一接地支路作为天线的回流路径。第一电流的电长度为四分之一波长,第二电流的电长度为四分之一波长,两者合成的等效电流的电长度为二分之一波长,处于谐振模态,使得天线信号进行有效辐射。等效电流由耳塞部向耳柄部的顶段延伸。
在本实施例中,由于第一电流的方向为耳柄部的连接段向耳柄部的顶段,第二电流的方向为耳塞部向耳柄部的连接段的方向,因此第一电流和第二电流合成的等效电流的方向为耳塞部向耳柄部的顶段,使得用户佩戴蓝牙耳机时,蓝牙耳机的天线的辐射场型的辐射零点朝向用户头部,从而大幅度降低用户头部对天线的不良影响,使得天线具有较佳的天线性能。
开关导通时,第一接地支路用于形成第二电流,第二接地支路用于形成第三电流,第一电流、第二电流及第三电流能够合成处于谐振模态的等效电流。开关导通时,第一接地支路和第二接地支路作为回流路径。第一电流的电长度为四分之一波长,第二电流的电长度为四分之一波长,第三电流的电长度为四分之一波长,三者合成的等效电流的电长度为四分之三波长,处于谐振模态,使得天线信号进行有效辐射。等效电流由耳塞部的下方(也即靠近耳柄部的底段的一方)向耳柄部的顶段延伸。
一种可选的实施例中,线路板还包括第三端部及第三连接部。第三端部位于耳柄部的连接段、或者位于耳柄部的底段靠近耳柄部的连接段的一端,且第三端部连接第二连接部或靠近第二连接部设置。第三端部连接(例如焊接或者通过导电胶连接)第二连接部时,两者之间形成电连接。第三端部靠近所述第二连接部设置,是指第三端部接触所述第二连接部,或者与第二连接部不接触但两者之间间隙很小,第三端部与第二连接部之间形成电耦合。第三连接部的一端连接第三端部、另一端连接馈电部或第一连接部。第二支路远离 接地层的一端经第三连接部延伸至第三端部。
在本实施例中,位于第三连接部和第三端部的第二支路能够有效缩短第二接地支路的电长度,以满足电长度需求。
一种可选的实施例中,听筒模组连接第一接地支路。第一接地支路既可以用作天线的回流路径,也可以作为听筒模组的低频信号的参考地。第一话筒模组连接第二接地支路。第二接地支路既可以用作天线的回流路径,也可以作为第一话筒模组的低频信号的参考地。
一种可选的实施例中,第一接地支路串接有第一低通高阻元件。第二接地支路串接有第二低通高阻元件,第二低通高阻元件与第一支路串联设置,且位于第一支路远离接地层的一侧。第一低通高阻元件和第二低通高阻元件用于允许频段低于蓝牙信号频段的电流通过,且阻止频段接近蓝牙信号频段的电流通过。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种蓝牙耳机的结构示意图;
图2是图1所示蓝牙耳机的部分分解示意图;
图3是图1所示蓝牙耳机的内部结构示意图;
图4是图2所示线路板在一种实施例中的结构示意图;
图5是图3所示蓝牙耳机的部分结构的电流示意图;
图6是图4所示线路板的馈电部在一些实施例中的部分结构示意图;
图7是图5所示结构的等效电流示意图;
图8是图1所示蓝牙耳机在图4所示线路板的第一地结构下的辐射场型的示意图;
图9是图1所示蓝牙耳机在图4所示线路板的第二地结构下的辐射场型的示意图;
图10是图1所示蓝牙耳机在图4所示线路板的第三地结构下的辐射场型的示意图;
图11A是图4所示线路板切换为第一地结构时蓝牙耳机的辐射场型的仿真图;
图11B是图4所示线路板切换为第二地结构时蓝牙耳机的辐射场型的仿真图;
图11C是图4所示线路板切换为第三地结构时蓝牙耳机的辐射场型的仿真图;
图12是图1所示蓝牙耳机在图4所示线路板的多种地结构下的自由空间垂直切面的比对方向图;
图13A是图4所示线路板切换为第一地结构时蓝牙耳机对应到头模的自由空间的辐射场型的仿真图;
图13B是图4所示线路板切换为第二地结构时蓝牙耳机对应到头模的自由空间的辐射场型的仿真图;
图13C是图4所示线路板切换为第三地结构时蓝牙耳机对应到头模的自由空间的辐射场型的仿真图;
图14A是图4所示线路板切换为第一地结构时蓝牙耳机对应到头模的辐射场型的仿真图;
图14B是图4所示线路板切换为第二地结构时蓝牙耳机对应到头模的辐射场型的仿真图;
图14C是图4所示线路板切换为第三地结构时蓝牙耳机对应到头模的辐射场型的仿真图;
图15A是图1所示蓝牙耳机在图4所示线路板的多种地结构下的对应于头模的垂直切面的比对方向图;
图15B是图1所示蓝牙耳机在图4所示线路板的多种地结构下的对应于头模的水平切面的比对方向图;
图16是图1所示蓝牙耳机在一种使用状态中的示意图;
图17是图2所示线路板在另一种实施例中的结构示意图;
图18是图4所示线路板在第一实施方式中的结构示意图;
图19是图4所示线路板在第二实施方式中的结构示意图;
图20是图2所示线路板在再一种实施例中的结构示意图;
图21是图1所示蓝牙耳机在图20所示线路板的第一地结构下的辐射场型的示意图;
图22是图1所示蓝牙耳机在图20所示线路板的第二地结构下的辐射场型的示意图;
图23A是图20所示线路板切换为第一地结构时蓝牙耳机的辐射场型的仿真图;
图23B是图20所示线路板切换为第二地结构时蓝牙耳机的辐射场型的仿真图;
图24是图20所示线路板在一些实施例中的结构示意图;
图25是图2所示线路板在再一种实施例中的结构示意图;
图26是图25所示线路板在一些实施例中的结构示意图;
图27是图25所示线路板在另一些实施例中的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合本申请实施例中的附图对本申请实施例进行描述。
本申请实施例的蓝牙耳机具有多种地结构,通过切换地结构、为天线选择不同的回流路径,以进行天线方向图切换,天线在多种地结构下的方向图互补,使得天线在各个辐射方向无明显零点,天线在各个方向的天线增益较为均匀,从而提高了通信质量,解决了天线某些角度增益低而影响通信体验的问题。
请参阅图1,图1是本申请实施例提供的一种蓝牙耳机100的结构示意图。
蓝牙耳机100具有耳塞部1和耳柄部2。耳柄部2包括与耳塞部1相接的连接段21、及位于连接段21两侧的顶段22和底段23。耳柄部2的顶段22、连接段21及底段23依次排布。耳塞部1用于部分嵌入用户耳部。耳柄部2用于接触用户耳部。用户佩戴蓝牙耳机100时,耳塞部1部分嵌入用户耳部,耳柄部2位于用户耳部外侧并接触用户耳部。
请一并参阅图1和图2,图2是图1所示蓝牙耳机100的部分分解示意图。蓝牙耳机100包括外壳10。外壳10用于收容蓝牙耳机100的其他部件,以固定并保护其他部件。外壳10包括主壳体101、底部壳体102以及侧部壳体103。主壳体101部分位于蓝牙耳机100的耳柄部2、部分位于蓝牙耳机100的耳塞部1。主壳体101于蓝牙耳机100的耳柄部2的底段23处形成第一开口1011,于蓝牙耳机100的耳塞部1处形成第二开口1012。蓝牙耳机100的其他部件可以自第一开口1011或第二开口1012装入主壳体101内部。底部壳体102位于蓝牙耳机100的耳柄部2的底段23并固定连接主壳体101,底部壳体102安装于第一开口1011。侧部壳体103位于蓝牙耳机100的耳塞部1并固定连接主壳体101,侧部壳体103安装于第二开口1012。
其中,底部壳体102与主壳体101之间的连接为可拆卸连接(例如扣合连接、螺纹连 接等),以便于蓝牙耳机100后续进行维修或维护。其他实施方式中,底部壳体102与主壳体101之间的连接也可以为不可拆卸连接(例如胶接),以降低底部壳体102意外脱落的风险,使得蓝牙耳机100的可靠性更高。
侧部壳体103与主壳体101之间的连接为可拆卸连接(例如扣合连接、螺纹连接等),以便于蓝牙耳机100后续进行维修或维护。其他实施例中,侧部壳体103与主壳体101之间的连接也可以为不可拆卸连接(例如胶接),以降低侧部壳体103意外脱落的风险,使得蓝牙耳机100的可靠性更高。
其中,侧部壳体103设有一个或多个出音孔1031,使得外壳10内部的声音能够经出音孔1031传输至外壳10外部。本申请不对出音孔1031的形状、位置、数量等作严格限定。
请一并参阅图2和图3,图3是图1所示蓝牙耳机100的内部结构示意图。
蓝牙耳机100还包括天线20、天线支架30、线路板40、芯片50、听筒模组60、电池70、导电件80、第一话筒模组90以及第二话筒模组110。
天线20自耳柄部2的连接段21延伸至耳柄部2的顶段22。可选的,天线20可以为单级天线或倒F天线(inverted F-shaped antenna,IFA)等。可选的,天线20可以为陶瓷天线、电路板天线、钢片天线、激光直接成型(laser direct structur ing,LDS)天线或模内注塑天线等。本实施例中,以天线20为激光直接成型天线为例进行说明。
天线支架30自耳柄部2的连接段21延伸至耳柄部2的顶段22。天线支架30用于固定和支撑天线20。本实施例中,天线20成型于天线支架30。例如,天线20通过多次循环地交替进行的涂布工艺和烘烤工艺形成于天线支架30。一种示例中,天线20通过交替进行的三次涂布和三次烘烤工艺成型,以提高产品良率。其他实施例中,天线20也可以通过组装方式固定于天线支架30。例如,天线20焊接或粘接至天线支架30。
示例性的,天线支架30的材质可以为陶瓷。此时,由于陶瓷的介电常数比较高,因此能够有效缩小天线20的尺寸。其他实施例中,天线支架30的材质也可以为塑料。
一些实施例中,如图2和图3所示,线路板40自耳塞部1、经耳柄部2的连接段21延伸至耳柄部2的底段23。线路板40可以在耳塞部1及耳柄部2处形成一个或多个弯折结构。线路板40用于传输信号。线路板40可以为一体成型的柔性电路板(flexible printed circuit,FPC),也可以是一体成型的软硬结合电路板,也可以使多个柔性电路板彼此连接形成的一体结构,也可以是一个或多个柔性电路板及一个或多个硬质电路板彼此连接形成的一体结构。本申请不对线路板40的类型进行严格限定。
示例性的,线路板40包括馈电部401、第一连接部402、第二连接部403、第一端部404以及第二端部405。馈电部401位于耳柄部2的连接段21。第一端部404以及第二端部405分别为线路板40的两个端部。第一端部404位于耳塞部1。第二端部405位于耳柄部2的底段23。第一连接部402连接馈电部401与第一端部404。第一连接部402延伸至耳塞部1。第一连接部402大部分位于耳塞部1,少部分位于耳柄部2或不位于耳柄部2。第二连接部403连接馈电部401与及第二端部405。第二连接部403自耳柄部2的连接段21延伸至耳柄部2的底段23。
在本实施例中,第一连接部402和第二连接部403分别连接于馈电部401的两侧。馈电部401连接第一连接部402的一侧和连接第二连接部403的另一侧,可以是相邻设置两 侧,也可以相背设置的两侧。此时,线路板40能够依据蓝牙耳机100的形状、很好地排布于蓝牙耳机100的内部。
示例性的,线路板40可以包括一个或多个补强板(图中未示出)。一个或多个补强板设于线路板40的补强区域处。线路板40的补强区域主要为线路板40中需要与其他部件连接的区域,或者用于承载其他部件的区域。
一些实施例中,如图2和图3所示,导电件80位于耳柄部2的连接段21。导电件80固定于线路板40的馈电部401,用于连接位于天线支架30上的天线20。示例性的,导电件80可以为导电弹片。其他实施例中,导电件80也可以是其他结构,例如导电胶等。其他实施例中,导电件80也可以替换为电容器,通过电容器耦合馈电部401与天线20。
一些实施例中,如图2和图3所示,芯片50位于耳塞部1。芯片50固定于线路板40的第一连接部402。芯片50可通过焊接的方式固定,并电连接线路板40。芯片50可以为蓝牙耳机100的处理和控制中心。芯片50经线路板40耦合蓝牙耳机100的多个功能模组,以控制多个功能模组进行工作。示例性的,芯片50可以为系统级芯片(system on chip,SOC)。
一些实施例中,如图2和图3所示,听筒模组60设于耳塞部1。听筒模组60连接线路板40的第一连接部402。听筒模组60耦合芯片50。听筒模组60用于将电信号转换为声音信号。听筒模组60位于芯片50的远离耳柄部2的一侧。此时,听筒模组60更靠近蓝牙耳机100的外部,听筒模组60形成的声音信号更容易输出至蓝牙耳机100的外部。其中,蓝牙耳机100还可以包括固定端子对601。固定端子对601位于耳塞部1。固定端子对601固定连接于线路板40的第一连接部402。听筒模组60的连接端子602插接于固定端子对601,以电连接线路板40。
一些实施例中,如图2和图3所示,电池70设于耳柄部2的底段23。电池70连接线路板40的第二端部405。电池70耦合芯片50。电池70用于为蓝牙耳机100提供电能。本实施例中,电池70呈条状,以更好地容纳于主壳体101内。其他实施例中,电池70也可以是其他形状。其他一些实施例中,电池70也可以连接于线路板40的第二连接部403。
一些实施例中,如图2和图3所示,第一话筒模组90位于耳柄部2的底段23。第一话筒模组90可以位于电池70远离天线20的一侧。第一话筒模组90连接线路板40的第二端部405。第一话筒模组90耦合芯片50。第一话筒模组90用于将声音信号转换成电信号。
第二话筒模组110位于耳柄部2的连接段21。第二话筒模组110位于电池70靠近天线20的一侧。第二话筒模组110连接线路板40的第二连接部403。第二话筒模组110耦合芯片50。第二话筒模组110用于将声音信号转换成电信号。第二话筒模组110与第一话筒模组90可以协同工作,以提高蓝牙耳机100的语音识别准确度。第二话筒模组110与第一话筒模组90也可以彼此独立工作。
可以理解的是,蓝牙耳机100的部件并不限于上述功能模组,蓝牙耳机100可以包括更多的功能模组(例如还可以包括接近传感模组、骨振动模组等)或更少的功能模组,本申请对此不作严格限定。
请参阅图4,图4是图2所示线路板40在一种实施例中的结构示意图。图4中线路板40呈现为铺平状态时的简单的结构示意图,并不形成对线路板40具体形状的限定。
线路板40包括馈电焊盘41、接地层42、第一接地支路43及第二接地支路44。馈电焊盘41位于馈电部401。馈电焊盘41用于固定导电件80,以耦合天线20。接地层42位于馈电部401且与馈电焊盘41彼此间隔。接地层42接地设置,接地层42为天线20的回流路径的一部分。示例性的,接地层42与馈电焊盘41位于线路板40的不同导电层,以在两者之间形成间隙。例如,馈电焊盘41位于线路板40的表层导电层,接地层42位于线路板40的内层导电层或另一表层导电层。其他一些实施例中,接地层42与馈电焊盘41也可以位于同一层,且两者之间形成间隙、互不接触。
第一接地支路43的一端连接接地层42,另一端延伸至第一端部404。第一接地支路43串接有第一开关431。第一开关431导通时,第一接地支路43用于形成地电流,第一接地支路43为天线20的回流路径的一部分;第一开关431断开时,第一开关431截断第一接地支路43上的电流,第一接地支路43不为天线20提供有效的回流路径。
第二接地支路44的一端连接接地层42,另一端延伸至第二端部405。第二接地支路44串接有第二开关441。第二开关441导通时,第二接地支路44用于形成地电流,第二接地支路44为天线20的回流路径的一部分;第二开关441断开时,第二开关441截断第二接地支路44上的电流,第二接地支路44不为天线20提供有效的回流路径。
在本实施例中,蓝牙耳机100可以通过控制第一开关431和第二开关441的状态(导通或断开)形成多种地结构,且通过切换地结构、为天线20选择不同的接地支路,也即选择不同的回流路径,以进行天线方向图切换,天线20在多种地结构下的方向图互补,使得天线20在各个辐射方向无明显零点,天线20在各个方向的天线增益较为均匀,从而提高了通信质量,解决了天线某些角度增益低而影响通信体验的问题。
请一并参阅图4至图6,图5是图3所示蓝牙耳机100的部分结构的电流示意图,图6是图4所示线路板40的馈电部401在一些实施例中的部分结构示意图。
如图4和图5所示,天线20用于形成第一电流3a。第一电流3a为天线电流。第一电流3a的流动方向随天线20的形状方向变化。天线20包括馈电端201和远离馈电端201的末端202。馈电端201经导电件80连接馈电焊盘41,以耦合馈电部401。第一电流3a自馈电端201延伸至末端202,也即第一电流3a的方向为耳柄部2的连接段21向耳柄部2的顶段22。
其中,天线20可以为四分之一波长天线,以具有较高的天线效率。天线20的电长度可以通过调节天线20的物理长度实现。例如,天线20的形状呈螺旋状,以克服由于耳柄部2的顶段22空间不足的问题,增加天线20长度,使得天线20上形成的第一电流3a的电长度能够满足四分之一波长需求。进一步地,可通过改变天线20的缠绕圈数、缠绕密度、缠绕形状等方式改变天线20的物理长度。其他实施例中,还可以将天线20设置为具有堆叠的多层天线段的结构。本申请对天线20的具体形状不作严格限定。
如图4和图5所示,第一开关431导通时,第一接地支路43用于形成第二电流3b。第二电流3b为地电流。第二电流3b自第一接地支路43远离接地层42的一端延伸至接地层42。也即,第二电流3b自线路板40的第一端部404延伸至馈电部401,第二电流3b的方向为耳塞部1向耳柄部2的连接段21。第二电流3b的流动方向随线路板40的形状方向变化。
一些实施例中,第一开关431导通时,第一接地支路43的电长度为四分之一波长或接近四分之一波长,以使第二电流3b处于谐振模态,能够形成有效辐射。其中,第一开关431可以位于线路板40的馈电部401(如图4和图6所示)、或者位于第一连接部402靠近馈电部401的一端。此时,第一接地支路43位于第一开关431与接地层42之间的部分的电长度小于四分之一波长,该部分的电流不处于谐振模态,不能形成有效辐射。可以理解的是,在其他一些实施例中,第一开关431也可以位于其他位置,满足第一接地支路43位于第一开关431与接地层42之间的部分的电长度不等于N/4波长即可,N为正整数。
如图4和图5所示,第二开关441导通时,第二接地支路44用于形成第三电流3c。第三电流3c为地电流。第三电流3c自第二接地支路44远离接地层42的一端延伸至接地层42。也即,第三电流3c自线路板40的第二端部405延伸至馈电部401,第三电流3c的方向为耳柄部2的底段23向耳柄部2的连接段21。第三电流3c的流动方向随线路板40的形状方向变化。
一些实施例中,第二开关441导通时,第二接地支路44的电长度为四分之一波长或接近四分之一波长,以使第三电流3c处于谐振模态,能够形成有效辐射。其中,第二开关441可以位于线路板40的馈电部401(如图4和图6所示)、或者位于第二连接部403靠近馈电部401的一端。例如,可以位于芯片50与接地层42之间。此时,第一接地支路43位于第一开关431与接地层42之间的部分的电长度小于四分之一波长,该部分的电流不处于谐振模态,不能形成有效辐射。可以理解的是,在其他一些实施例中,第二开关441也可以位于其他位置,满足第一接地支路43位于第一开关431与接地层42之间的部分的电长度不等于N/4波长即可,N为正整数。
可以理解的是,由于第一电流3a为交流电,因此第一电流3a、第二电流3b以及第三电流3c的方向可有两种状态,图5示意出其中一种状态,在另一种状态中,第一电流3a的方向为耳柄部2的顶段22向耳柄部2的连接段21,第二电流3b的方向为耳柄部2的连接段21向耳塞部1,第三电流3c的方向为耳柄部2的连接段21向耳柄部2的底段23。
可以理解的是,在本申请中,电长度为四分之一波长的第一电流3a、第二电流3b以及第三电流3c的承载介质,也即天线20、第一接地支路43以及第二接地支路44受其路径周围的介质的影响,其实际物理长度比四分之一波长小。
请参阅图7,图7是图5所示结构的等效电流示意图。后文为了方便说明,将第一电流3a等效为图7所示第一等效电流3a’,将第二电流3b等效为图7所示第二等效电流3b’,将第三电流3c等效为图7所示第三等效电流3c’。
请一并参阅图4和图8,图8是图1所示蓝牙耳机100在图4所示线路板40的第一地结构下的辐射场型51的示意图。
线路板40的第一开关431导通且第二开关441断开时,形成第一地结构。天线20形成第一电流3a,第一电流3a等效为图8中第一等效电流3a’,第一等效电流3a’由耳柄部2的连接段21延伸向耳柄部2的顶段22。第一开关431导通且第二开关441断开,第一接地支路43作为回流路径,第一接地支路43形成第二电流3b,第二电流3b等效为图8中第二等效电流3b’,第二等效电流3b’由耳塞部1向耳柄部2的连接段21延伸。第二电流3b与第一电流3a能够合成处于谐振模态的等效电流3d,等效电流3d由耳塞部1向耳 柄部2的顶段22延伸。
其中,第一电流3a的电长度为四分之一波长,第二电流3b的电长度为四分之一波长,两者合成的等效电流3d的电长度为二分之一波长,处于谐振模态,使得天线信号进行有效辐射。线路板40处于第一地结构时,蓝牙耳机100的辐射场型51如图8中所示,辐射场型51的辐射零点52与中心点54的连线平行于等效电流3d,辐射强点53与中心点54的连线垂直于等效电流3d。
在本实施例中,由于第一电流3a的方向为耳柄部2的连接段21向耳柄部2的顶段22,第二电流3b的方向为耳塞部1向耳柄部2的连接段21的方向,因此第一电流3a和第二电流3b合成的等效电流3d的方向为耳塞部1向耳柄部2的顶段22,使得用户佩戴蓝牙耳机100时,蓝牙耳机100的天线20的辐射场型51的辐射零点52朝向用户头部,从而大幅度降低用户头部对天线20的不良影响,使得天线20具有较佳的天线性能。
请一并参阅图4和图9,图9是图1所示蓝牙耳机100在图4所示线路板40的第二地结构下的辐射场型51的示意图。线路板40的第二开关441导通且第一开关431断开时,形成第二地结构。天线20形成第一电流3a,第一电流3a等效为图9中第一等效电流3a’,第一等效电流3a’由耳柄部2的连接段21延伸向耳柄部2的顶段22。第二开关441导通且第一开关431断开,第二接地支路44作为回流路径,第二接地支路44形成第三电流3c,第三电流3c等效为图9中第三等效电流3c’,第三等效电流3c’由耳柄部2的底段23向耳柄部2的连接段21延伸。第三电流3c与第一电流3a能够合成处于谐振模态的等效电流3d,等效电流3d由耳柄部2的底段23向耳柄部2的顶段22延伸。图9中,为方便示意,将等效电流3d与第一等效电流3a’及第三等效电流3c’错开示意,实际上等效电流3d与第一等效电流3a’及第三等效电流3c’应为重合关系。
其中,第一电流3a的电长度为四分之一波长,第三电流3c的电长度为四分之一波长,两者合成的等效电流3d的电长度为二分之一波长,处于谐振模态,使得天线信号进行有效辐射。线路板40处于第二地结构时,蓝牙耳机100的辐射场型51如图9中所示,辐射场型51的辐射零点52与中心点54的连线平行于等效电流3d,辐射强点53与中心点54的连线垂直于等效电流3d。
请一并参阅图4和图10,图10是图1所示蓝牙耳机100在图4所示线路板40的第三地结构下的辐射场型51的示意图。线路板40的第一开关431导通且第二开关441导通时,形成第三地结构。天线20形成第一电流3a,第一电流3a等效为图10中第一等效电流3a’,第一等效电流3a’由耳柄部2的连接段21延伸向耳柄部2的顶段22。第一开关431导通且第二开关441导通,第一接地支路43和第二接地支路44作为回流路径。第一接地支路43形成第二电流3b,第二电流3b等效为图10中第二等效电流3b’,第二等效电流3b’由耳塞部1向耳柄部2的连接段21延伸。第二接地支路44形成第三电流3c,第三电流3c等效为图10中第三等效电流3c’,第三等效电流3c’由耳柄部2的底段23向耳柄部2的连接段21延伸。第一电流3a、第二电流3b以及第三电流3c能够合成处于谐振模态的等效电流3d,等效电流3d由耳塞部1的下方(也即靠近耳柄部2的底段23的一方)向耳柄部2的顶段22延伸。
其中,第一电流3a的电长度为四分之一波长,第二电流3b的电长度为四分之一波长, 第三电流3c的电长度为四分之一波长,三者合成的等效电流3d的电长度为四分之三波长,处于谐振模态,使得天线信号进行有效辐射。线路板40处于第三地结构时,蓝牙耳机100的辐射场型51如图10中所示,辐射场型51的辐射零点52与中心点54的连线平行于等效电流3d,辐射强点53与中心点54的连线垂直于等效电流3d。
结合图8至图10可知,蓝牙耳机100的天线20在不同的地结构下形成方向不同的等效电流3d,天线20形成的辐射场型51是相互补充的,蓝牙耳机100可以通过切换线路板40的地结构,使得天线20的辐射场型51的辐射零点52及辐射强点53的位置发生变化,故而能够避免天线20在某个辐射方向形成明显的辐射零点52,使得天线20在各个方向的天线增益较为均匀,从而提高了通信质量。
可以理解的是,在一些实施例中,图4所示线路板40可以具有前述第一地结构和第二地结构。此时,第一开关431和第二开关441可以为彼此独立的单刀单掷开关,也可以集成为单刀双掷开关。在另一些实施例中,图4所示线路板40可以具有前述第一地结构、第二地结构及第三地结构。此时,第一开关431和第二开关441可以为彼此独立的单刀单掷开关。
请一并参阅图11A至图11C,图11A是图4所示线路板40切换为第一地结构时蓝牙耳机100的辐射场型的仿真图;图11B是图4所示线路板40切换为第二地结构时蓝牙耳机100的辐射场型的仿真图;图11C是图4所示线路板40切换为第三地结构时蓝牙耳机100的辐射场型的仿真图。
图11A至图11C通过仿真图再次示意出蓝牙耳机100的天线20对应于第一地结构、第二地结构及第三地结构的辐射场型,天线20对应于不同的地结构的辐射场型相互补充。
其中,如图11A所示,线路板40切换为第一地结构时,第二开关441断开,第二接地支路44位于第二开关441与接地层42之间部分的电流可以少部分参与辐射,且参与辐射的比例明显小于其他处于谐振状态的电流(也即第一电流3a和第二电流3b)参与辐射的比例的,使得天线20的有效辐射电流(所有参与辐射的电流的合成电流)的方向相较于图8中的等效电流3d发生少许的逆时针旋转,天线20的辐射场型的方位相较于图8中的辐射场型51发生适应性的逆时针旋转。
其中,如图11B所示,线路板40切换为第二地结构时,第一开关431断开,第一接地支路43位于第一开关431与接地层42之间部分的电流可以少部分参与辐射,且参与辐射的比例明显小于其他处于谐振状态的电流(也即第一电流3a和第三电流3c)参与辐射的比例的,使得天线20的有效辐射电流的方向相较于图9中的等效电流3d发生少许的顺时针旋转,天线20的辐射场型的方位相较于图9中的辐射场型51发生适应性的顺时针变化。
请参阅图12,图12是图1所示蓝牙耳机100在图4所示线路板40的多种地结构下的自由空间垂直切面的比对方向图。图12的方向图中,虚线轮廓示意出蓝牙耳机100对应于图4所示线路板40的第一地结构的方向图,点划线轮廓示意出蓝牙耳机100对应于图4所示线路板40的第二地结构的方向图,直线轮廓示意出蓝牙耳机100对应于图4所示线路板40的第三地结构的方向图。
图12说明蓝牙耳机100的天线20对应于不同的地结构的辐射场型是相互补充的,蓝牙耳机100可以通过切换线路板40的地结构,使得天线20的辐射场型的辐射零点及辐射 强点的位置发生变化,故而能够避免天线20在某个辐射方向形成明显的辐射零点,使得天线20在各个方向的天线增益较为均匀,从而提高了通信质量。
请一并参阅图13A至图14C,图13A是图4所示线路板40切换为第一地结构时蓝牙耳机100对应到头模的自由空间的辐射场型的仿真图;图13B是图4所示线路板40切换为第二地结构时蓝牙耳机100对应到头模的自由空间的辐射场型的仿真图;图13C是图4所示线路板40切换为第三地结构时蓝牙耳机100对应到头模的自由空间的辐射场型的仿真图;图14A是图4所示线路板40切换为第一地结构时蓝牙耳机100对应到头模的辐射场型的仿真图;图14B是图4所示线路板40切换为第二地结构时蓝牙耳机100对应到头模的辐射场型的仿真图;图14C是图4所示线路板40切换为第三地结构时蓝牙耳机100对应到头模的辐射场型的仿真图。
由图13A至图14C的仿真图可知,用户佩戴蓝牙耳机100时,蓝牙耳机100的天线20在不同的地结构下的辐射零点及辐射强点的位置不同,彼此互为补充,且蓝牙耳机100的不同地结构可以彼此切换,因此能够避免蓝牙耳机100的天线20在某个辐射方向出现明显的辐射零点,以保证通信质量。
请一并参阅图15A和图15B,图15A是图1所示蓝牙耳机100在图4所示线路板40的多种地结构下的对应于头模的垂直切面的比对方向图,图15B是图1所示蓝牙耳机100在图4所示线路板40的多种地结构下的对应于头模的水平切面的比对方向图。图15A和图15B的方向图中,虚线轮廓分别示意出蓝牙耳机100在图4所示线路板40的第一地结构下对应于头模的垂直切面和水平切面的方向图,点线轮廓分别示意出蓝牙耳机100在图4所示线路板40的第二地结构下对应于头模的垂直切面和水平切面的方向图,直线轮廓分别示意出蓝牙耳机100在图4所示线路板40的第三地结构下对应于头模的垂直切面和水平切面的方向图。
图15A和图15B说明,当蓝牙耳机100佩戴于用户头部时,能够在多种地结构之间切换的天线20在垂直切面或水平切面的各个方向的天线增益较为均匀,没有明显零点,天线20的通信质量较高。
可以理解的是,蓝牙耳机100能够与电子设备的蓝牙天线进行交互,电子设备可以是手机、平板、电脑、智能穿戴设备等产品。电子设备的摆放状态不同时,其蓝牙天线的极化方向不同,蓝牙天线的极化方向会随着电子设备的摆放状态发生变化。在本申请实施例中,蓝牙耳机100能够通过切换地结构,使得蓝牙耳机100的天线20的方向图发生变化,天线20的极化方向发生变化、以接近电子设备的蓝牙天线的极化方向,从而降低蓝牙耳机100与电子设备在通讯过程中由于极化差异导致的路径损耗。
请参阅图16,图16是图1所示蓝牙耳机100在一种使用状态中的示意图。如图16所示,蓝牙耳机100与电子设备进行通讯时,电子设备可能与蓝牙耳机100位于头模同侧,也可能位于头模异侧。一些实施例中,如图15A所示,蓝牙天线100的天线20在第三地结构下,于头模异侧的天线增益更高,在第一地结构及第二地结构下,于头模同侧的天线增益更高,因此蓝牙耳机100可以通过切换地结构,实现方向图切换,从而更好地与电子设备进行通讯。
请再次参阅图4,一些实施例中,第一接地支路43还串接有第一扼流电感432,第一 扼流电感432与第一开关431并联设置。在本申请实施例中,第一接地支路43既用于为天线20提供回流路径,还用于为蓝牙耳机100的其他功能模组提供参考地。由于第一扼流电感432与第一开关431并联设置,且第一扼流电感432串接于第一接地支路43,因此第一接地支路43作为低频信号的参考地时,是连续的、完整的。示例性的,听筒模组60连接第一接地支路43,第一接地支路43还用于为听筒模组60提供参考地。示例性的,第一扼流电感432的电感值可以大于或等于22纳亨(nH),以阻断蓝牙频段(2.4GHz)的信号且允许低于蓝牙频段的低频信号通过。示例性的,第一扼流电感432的电感值可以为82纳亨(nH)。
请再次参阅图4,一些实施例中,第二接地支路44还串接有第二扼流电感442,第二扼流电感442与第二开关441并联设置。在本申请实施例中,第二接地支路44既用于为天线20提供回流路径,还用于为蓝牙耳机100的其他功能模组提供参考地。由于第二扼流电感442与第二开关441并联设置,且第二扼流电感442串接于第二接地支路44,因此第二接地支路44作为低频信号的参考地时,是连续的、完整的。示例性的,第一话筒模组90连接第二接地支路44,第二接地支路44还用于为第一话筒模组90提供参考地。示例性的,第二扼流电感442的电感值可以大于或等于22纳亨(nH),以阻断蓝牙频段(2.4GHz)的信号且允许低于蓝牙频段的低频信号通过。示例性的,第二扼流电感442的电感值可以为82纳亨(nH)。
请再次参阅图4,一些实施例中,线路板40还包括第一低频信号线45、第二低频信号线46以及芯片焊盘47。芯片焊盘47位于线路板40的第一连接部402,用于固定芯片50。第一低频信号线45的一端连接芯片焊盘47、以连接芯片50,第一低频信号线45的另一端延伸至第一端部404。第一低频信号线45可以连接蓝牙耳机100的其他功能模组,用于在功能模组与芯片50之间传输低频信号。示例性的,听筒模组60连接第一低频信号线45。第一低频信号线45在听筒模组60与芯片50之间传输信号。
其中,第一低频信号线45串接有第三扼流电感451。由于第一低频信号线45的某些位置可能通过电容耦合第一接地支路43,因此在第一低频信号线45串接第三扼流电感451,通过第三扼流电感451使得第一低频信号线45在高频时与地相互隔离。示例性的,第三扼流电感451的电感值可以大于或等于22纳亨,例如第三扼流电感451的电感值可以为82纳亨。
第二低频信号线46的一端连接芯片焊盘47、以连接芯片50,第二低频信号线46的另一端延伸至第二端部405。第二低频信号线46可以连接蓝牙耳机100的其他功能模组,用于在功能模组与芯片50之间传输低频信号。示例性的,第一话筒模组90连接第一低频信号线45。第一低频信号线45在第一话筒模组90与芯片50之间传输信号。
其中,第二低频信号线46串接有第四扼流电感461。由于第二低频信号线46的某些位置可能通过电容耦合第二接地支路44,因此在第二低频信号线46串接第四扼流电感461,通过第四扼流电感461使得第二低频信号线46在高频时与地相互隔离。示例性的,第四扼流电感461的电感值可以大于或等于22纳亨,例如第四扼流电感461的电感值可以为82纳亨。
请再次参阅图4,一些实施例中,线路板40还包括第一电源线47和第二电源线48。 第一电源线47的一端连接芯片焊盘47、以连接芯片50,第一电源线47的另一端延伸至第一端部404。第二电源线48的一端连接芯片焊盘47、以连接芯片50,第二电源线48的另一端延伸至第二端部405。第一电源线47和第二电源线48连接至芯片50的电源管理模块。第二电源线48连接电池70,电源管理模块用于控制电池70的充放电过程,及对其他功能模组的供电过程。第一电源线47和第二电源线48还用于连接蓝牙耳机100的其他功能模组,例如听筒模组60、第一话筒模组90等,使得电池能够为蓝牙耳机100的功能模组供电。
其中,第一电源线47上可以串接有第五扼流电感471,第二电源线48可以串接有第六扼流电感481。示例性的,第五扼流电感471和第六扼流电感481可以大于或等于22纳亨,例如可以为82纳亨。
可以理解的是,蓝牙耳机100的第二话筒模组110可以连接第二低频信号线46、第二接地支路44以及第二电源线48。蓝牙耳机100的其他模组还可以包括传感器模组,传感器模组可以连接第一低频信号线45、第一接地支路43以及第一电源线47。
请再次参阅图4,一些实施例中,线路板40还包括匹配电路49和射频电路410。示例性的,射频电路410位于辐射部401,匹配电路49连接于射频电路410与馈电焊盘41之间。
其中,匹配电路49可以包括电容、电感或电阻中的一者或多者。例如,匹配电路可以包括1.3皮法(pF)的电容和10纳亨的电感。在本实施例中,由于第一接地支路43与第二接地支路44的有效电长度相似或相同,因此线路板40无需设置两套匹配电路及用于切换这两套匹配电路的天线开关,线路板40可以使用同一个匹配电路49,简化了线路板40的电路结构、降低了线路板40的成本。
其中,射频电路410用于处理射频信号。射频电路410用于调制射频信号或解调射频信号。射频电路410连接芯片焊盘47,以连接芯片50。
请参阅图17,图17是图2所示线路板40在另一种实施例中的结构示意图。以下主要说明本实施例的线路板40与前述实施例的线路板40的区别,与前述实施例的线路板40相同的大部分技术内容不再赘述。本实施例中,线路板40的射频电路410也可以位于第一连接部402。匹配电路49仍位于馈电部401,以与馈电焊盘41保持较小的距离,使得馈电焊盘41收发的射频信号的质量更高。
在其他实施例中,蓝牙耳机100也可以在芯片50中设置射频处理模块,用于处理射频信号。此时,线路板40不再设置射频电路410,芯片50的射频处理模块连接匹配电路49。
在前述实施例中,第一接地支路43的电长度及第二接地支路44的电长度具有多种调节方式,例如:
在第一实施方式中,第一接地支路43自馈电部401延伸至第一端部404,因此第一接地支路43的电长度可以通过调节第一连接部402的长度实现。第二接地支路44自馈电部401延伸至第二端部405,因此第二接地支路44的电长度可以通过调节第二连接部403的长度实现。
请参阅图18,图18是图4所示线路板40在第一实施方式中的结构示意图。第一连接部402包括依次连接的多个区域,多个区域包括一个或多个平直区域4021以及一个或多个 弯曲区域4022。第一连接部402可以通过弯折或伸直的方式,也即通过增加或减少平直区域4021以及弯曲区域4022的数量或面积的方式,有效调节第一连接部402的长度,从而调节第一接地支路43的长度,使得第一接地支路43的电长度满足要求。
第二连接部403包括依次连接的多个区域,多个区域包括一个或多个平直区域4031以及一个或多个弯曲区域4032。第二连接部403可以通过弯折或伸直的方式,也即通过增加或减少平直区域4031以及弯曲区域4032的数量或面积的方式,有效调节第二连接部403的长度,从而调节第二接地支路44的长度,使得第二接地支路44的电长度满足要求。
一些实施例中,如图18所示,第二接地支路44的电长度还可以通过调节第二端部405的长度实现。示例性的,第二端部405包括依次连接的多个区域,多个区域包括一个或多个平直区域4051以及一个或多个弯曲区域4052。第二端部405可以通过弯折或伸直的方式,也即通过增加或减少平直区域4051以及弯曲区域4052的数量或面积的方式,有效调节第二端部405的长度,从而调节第二接地支路44的长度,使得第二接地支路44的电长度满足要求。
在第二实施方式中,第一接地支路43和第二接地支路44作为天线20的回流路径时,工作于蓝牙频段,本申请可以通过在第一接地支路43和第二接地支路44上串接低通高阻元件,以调节第一接地支路43和第二接地支路44的电长度。
请参阅图19,图19是图4所示线路板40在第二实施方式中的结构示意图。第一接地支路43还串接有第一低通高阻元件433,第一低通高阻元件433与第一开关431串联设置且位于第一开关431远离接地层42的一侧。第一低通高阻元件433用于允许频段低于蓝牙信号频段的电流通过,且阻止频段接近蓝牙信号频段的电流通过。此时,第一低通高阻元件433改变第一接地支路43作为天线20的回流路径的电长度,以使第一接地支路43满足电长度需求,且不影响第一接地支路43作为低频信号的参考地的功能。示例性的,第一低通高阻元件433可以位于第一连接部402或者第一端部404。
第二接地支路44还串接有第二低通高阻元件443,第二低通高阻元件443与第二开关441串联设置且位于第二开关441远离接地层42的一侧。第二低通高阻元件443用于允许频段低于蓝牙信号频段的电流通过,且阻止频段接近蓝牙信号频段的电流通过。此时,第二低通高阻元件443改变第二接地支路44作为天线20的回流路径的电长度,以使第二接地支路44满足电长度需求,且不影响第二接地支路44作为低频信号的参考地的功能。示例性的,第二低通高阻元件443可以位于第二连接部403或者第二端部405。
其中,第一低通高阻元件433和第二低通高阻元件443可以为电感或磁珠。例如,第一低通高阻元件433和第二低通高阻元件443为电感时,电感的阻抗可以大于1纳亨,例如可以在20纳亨至70纳亨范围内。
其他实施方式中,也可以采用上述两种实施方式的组合方案调节第一接地支路43的电长度及第二接地支路44的电长度。
请参阅图20,图20是图2所示线路板40在再一种实施例中的结构示意图。以下主要说明本实施例的线路板40与前述实施例的线路板40的区别,与前述实施例的线路板40相同的大部分技术内容不再赘述。其中,在图20中,第二连接部403位于虚线框中的部分是包括多个弯折部分的,图20为了简化图形,示意出经过该部分的走线的形状是经过多次弯 折的,而该部分的外轮廓用笔直形状示意。
线路板40包括馈电焊盘41、接地层42、第一接地支路43及第二接地支路44。馈电焊盘41位于馈电部401。馈电焊盘41用于耦合天线20。接地层42位于馈电部401且与馈电焊盘41彼此间隔。第一接地支路43的一端连接接地层42,另一端延伸至第一端部404。第二接地支路44的一端连接接地层42,另一端延伸至第二端部405。其中,第一接地支路43的电长度可以为四分之一波长。
第二接地支路44串接有第一支路444。第二接地支路44还包括第二支路445,第二支路445的一端与第一支路444的一端连接,第二支路445的另一端与第一支路444的另一端连接或者耦合。其中,第二支路445的端部与第一支路444的端部连接,即为两者的端部通过接触实现直接的结构连接和电连接。第二支路445的端部与第一支路444的端部耦合,即为两者的端部彼此靠近,两者之间形成电容,从而实现电耦合。第二支路445串接有开关446。第二支路445的长度比第一支路444的长度短。
在本实施例中,由于线路板40的第二连接部403靠近馈电部401的部分位于蓝牙耳机100的耳柄部2的连接段21,不可以避免地要需要进行折叠,使得第二连接部403的长度较长,经过第二连接部403且延伸至第二端部405的第二接地支路44的长度较大。由于第二支路445与第一支路444并联设置,且第二支路445的长度比第一支路444的长度短,当第二支路445的开关446断开时,第二接地支路44上的第三电流选择长度较长的第一支路444作为路径,第二接地支路44的电长度大于四分之一波长,难以形成有效辐射,因此天线20的回流路径主要为第一接地支路43;当第二支路445的开关446导通时,第二接地支路44上的第三电流选择长度较短的第二支路445作为路径,使得第二接地支路44的电长度能够缩短至四分之一波长,以进行有效辐射,第二接地支路44和第一接地支路43同时作为天线20的回流路径。
请一并参阅图20和图21,图21是图1所示蓝牙耳机100在图20所示线路板40的第一地结构下的辐射场型51的示意图。线路板40的开关446断开时,形成第一地结构。天线20形成第一电流,第一电流等效为图21中的第一等效电流3a’,第一等效电流3a’由耳柄部2的连接段21延伸向耳柄部2的顶段22。开关446断开,第一接地支路43作为回流路径,第一接地支路43形成第二电流,第二电流等效为图8中第二等效电流3b’,第二等效电流3b’由耳塞部1向耳柄部2的连接段21延伸。第二电流与第一电流能够合成处于谐振模态的等效电流3d,等效电流3d由耳塞部1向耳柄部2的顶段22延伸。
其中,第一电流的电长度为四分之一波长,第二电流的电长度为四分之一波长,两者合成的等效电流3d的电长度为二分之一波长,处于谐振模态,使得天线信号进行有效辐射。线路板40处于第一地结构时,蓝牙耳机100的辐射场型51如图21中所示,辐射场型51的辐射零点52与中心点54的连线平行于等效电流3d,辐射强点53与中心点54的连线垂直于等效电流3d。
在本实施例中,由于第一电流的方向为耳柄部2的连接段21向耳柄部2的顶段22,第二电流的方向为耳塞部1向耳柄部2的连接段21的方向,因此第一电流和第二电流合成的等效电流3d的方向为耳塞部1向耳柄部2的顶段22,使得用户佩戴蓝牙耳机100时,蓝牙耳机100的天线20的辐射场型51的辐射零点52朝向用户头部,从而大幅度降低用户 头部对天线20的不良影响,使得天线20具有较佳的天线性能。
请一并参阅图20和图22,图22是图1所示蓝牙耳机100在图20所示线路板40的第二地结构下的辐射场型51的示意图。线路板40的开关446导通时,形成第二地结构。天线20形成第一电流,第一电流等效为图22中第一等效电流3a’,第一等效电流3a’由耳柄部2的连接段21延伸向耳柄部2的顶段22。开关446导通,第一接地支路43和第二接地支路44作为回流路径。第一接地支路43形成第二电流,第二电流等效为图22中第二等效电流3b’,第二等效电流3b’由耳塞部1向耳柄部2的连接段21延伸。第二接地支路44形成第三电流,第三电流等效为图22中第三等效电流3c’,第三等效电流3c’由耳柄部2的底段23向耳柄部2的连接段21延伸。第一电流、第二电流以及第三电流能够合成处于谐振模态的等效电流3d,等效电流3d由耳塞部1的下方(也即靠近耳柄部2的底段23的一方)向耳柄部2的顶段22延伸。
其中,第一电流的电长度为四分之一波长,第二电流的电长度为四分之一波长,第三电流的电长度为四分之一波长,三者合成的等效电流3d的电长度为四分之三波长,处于谐振模态,使得天线信号进行有效辐射。线路板40处于第二地结构时,蓝牙耳机100的辐射场型51如图22中所示,辐射场型51的辐射零点52与中心点54的连线平行于等效电流3d,辐射强点53与中心点54的连线垂直于等效电流3d。
结合图21和图22可知,蓝牙耳机100的天线20在不同的地结构下形成方向不同的等效电流3d,天线20形成的辐射场型51是相互补充的,蓝牙耳机100可以通过切换线路板40的地结构,使得天线20的辐射场型51的辐射零点52及辐射强点53的位置发生变化,故而能够避免天线20在某个辐射方向形成明显的辐射零点52,使得天线20在各个方向的天线增益较为均匀,从而提高了通信质量。
请一并参阅图23A和图23B,图23A是图20所示线路板40切换为第一地结构时蓝牙耳机100的辐射场型的仿真图;图23B是图20所示线路板40切换为第二地结构时蓝牙耳机100的辐射场型的仿真图。图23A和图23B通过仿真图再次示意出蓝牙耳机100的天线20对应于第一地结构和第二地结构的辐射场型,天线20对应于不同的地结构的辐射场型相互补充。
其中,如图23A所示,线路板40切换为第一地结构时,开关446断开,第二接地支路44可以少部分参与辐射,且参与辐射的比例明显小于其他处于谐振状态的电流(也即第一电流和第二电流)参与辐射的比例的,使得天线20的有效辐射电流(所有参与辐射的电流的合成电流)的方向相较于图21中的等效电流3d发生少许的逆时针旋转,天线20的辐射场型的方位相较于图21中的辐射场型发生适应性的逆时针旋转。
请一并参阅图20和图24,图24是图20所示线路板40在一些实施例中的结构示意图。
线路板40还包括第三端部406及第三连接部407。第三端部406位于耳柄部2的连接段21、或者位于耳柄部2的底段22靠近耳柄部2的连接段21的一端,且第三端部406连接第二连接部403或靠近第二连接部403设置。第三端部406连接(例如焊接或者通过导电胶连接)第二连接部403时,两者之间形成电连接。第三端部406靠近所述第二连接部403设置,是指第三端部406接触所述第二连接部403,或者与第二连接部403不接触但两者之间间隙很小,第三端部406与第二连接部403之间形成电耦合。第三连接部407的一 端连接第三端部406,第三连接部407的另一端连接馈电部401。第二支路445远离接地层42的一端经第三连接部407延伸至第三端部406。此时,如图20中点划线所示,第二支路445远离接地层42的一端与第一支路444远离接地层42的一端连接或者耦合。
在其他一些实施例中,第二支路445的载体介质也可以不同于前述第三端部406及第三连接部407,此时线路板40的结构可以对应性进行调整。本申请不对第二支路445的载体介质的实现方式进行严格限定。
一些实施例中,线路板40调节第一接地支路43和第二接地支路44的电长度的方法可参阅前述实施例。示例性的,如图20所示,第一接地支路43和第二接地支路44通过串接低通高阻元件调节电长度。第一接地支路43串接有第一低通高阻元件433。第二接地支路44串接有第二低通高阻元件443,第二低通高阻元件443与第一支路444串联设置,且位于第一支路444远离接地层42的一侧。第一低通高阻元件433和第二低通高阻元件443用于允许频段低于蓝牙信号频段的电流通过,且阻止频段接近蓝牙信号频段的电流通过。其他一些实施例中,第一接地支路43还可以通过弯折或伸直线路板40的走线排布部分(例如第一连接部402)实现电长度调节。第二接地支路44还可以通过弯折或伸直线路板40的走线排布部分(例如第二连接部403及第二端部405)实现电长度调节。
一些实施例中,听筒模组60连接第一接地支路43。第一接地支路43既可以用作天线20的回流路径,也可以作为听筒模组60的低频信号的参考地。第一话筒模组90连接第二接地支路44。第二接地支路44既可以用作天线20的回流路径,也可以作为第一话筒模组90的低频信号的参考地。
请参阅图25,图25是图2所示线路板40在再一种实施例中的结构示意图。本实施例的线路板40与前述实施例的线路板40相同的大部分技术内容不再赘述。本实施例与前述实施例的主要区别是,第三连接部407的一端连接第三端部406,第三连接部407的另一端连接第二连接部403。此时,如图25中点划线所示,第二支路445远离接地层42的一端与第一支路444远离接地层42的一端连接或者耦合。
请参阅图26,图26是图25所示线路板40在一些实施例中的结构示意图。第三连接部407连接于第二连接部403靠近馈电部401的一端。线路板40弯折后,第三端部406固定于第二连接部403朝向馈电部401的一侧。位于第三连接部407和第三端部406的第二支路445能够有效缩短第二接地支路44的电长度,以满足电长度需求。
请参阅图27,图27是图25所示线路板40在另一些实施例中的结构示意图。第三连接部407连接于第二连接部403靠近馈电部401的一端。线路板40弯折后,第三端部406靠近第二连接部403,且位于第二连接部403朝向馈电部401的一侧。在蓝牙耳机100中,第三端部406位于电池70(可参阅图3中电池70的位置)与第二连接部403之间。第三端部406具有一定的长度,以与第二连接部403形成强耦合,使得位于第三连接部407和第三端部406的第二支路445能够有效缩短第二接地支路44的电长度,以满足电长度需求。
以上所述,仅为本申请的具体实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内;在不冲突的情况下,本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。因此,本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种蓝牙耳机,其特征在于,具有耳塞部和耳柄部,所述耳塞部设有听筒模组,所述耳柄部包括与所述耳塞部相接的连接段、及位于所述连接段两侧的顶段和底段,所述耳柄部的底段设有第一话筒模组;
    所述蓝牙耳机包括天线和线路板,所述天线自所述耳柄部的连接段延伸至所述耳柄部的顶段,所述线路板具有馈电部、第一端部、第一连接部、第二端部以及第二连接部,所述馈电部位于所述耳柄部的连接段,所述第一端部位于所述耳塞部,所述第一连接部连接所述馈电部与所述第一端部,所述第二端部位于所述耳柄部的底段,所述第二连接部连接所述馈电部与所述第二端部;
    所述线路板包括馈电焊盘、接地层、第一接地支路及第二接地支路,所述馈电焊盘位于所述馈电部且耦合所述天线,所述接地层位于所述馈电部且与所述馈电焊盘彼此间隔,所述第一接地支路的一端连接所述接地层,另一端延伸至第一端部,所述第一接地支路串接有第一开关,所述第二接地支路的一端连接所述接地层,另一端延伸至第二端部,所述第二接地支路串接有第二开关。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的蓝牙耳机,其特征在于,所述天线用于形成第一电流;
    所述第一开关导通且所述第二开关断开时,所述第一接地支路用于形成第二电流,所述第二电流与所述第一电流能够合成处于谐振模态的等效电流;
    所述第二开关导通且所述第一开关断开时,所述第二接地支路用于形成第三电流,所述第三电流与所述第一电流能够合成处于谐振模态的等效电流。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的蓝牙耳机,其特征在于,所述第一开关导通且所述第二开关导通时,所述第一接地支路用于形成第二电流,所述第二接地支路用于形成第三电流,所述第一电流、所述第二电流及所述第三电流能够合成处于谐振模态的等效电流。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的蓝牙耳机,其特征在于,所述第一开关位于馈电部、或者位于所述第一连接部靠近所述馈电部的一端,所述第二开关位于馈电部、或者位于所述第二连接部靠近所述馈电部的一端。
  5. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的蓝牙耳机,其特征在于,所述第一接地支路还串接有第一扼流电感,所述第一扼流电感与所述第一开关并联设置,所述听筒模组连接所述第一接地支路。
  6. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的蓝牙耳机,其特征在于,所述第二接地支路还串接有第二扼流电感,所述第二扼流电感与所述第二开关并联设置,所述第一话筒模组连接所述第二接地支路。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的蓝牙耳机,其特征在于,所述蓝牙耳机还包括芯片,所述芯片位于所述耳塞部且连接所述线路板,所述线路板还包括第一低频信号线和第二低频信号线;
    所述第一低频信号线的一端连接所述芯片,另一端延伸至所述第一端部,所述第一低频信号线串接有第三扼流电感,所述听筒模组连接所述第一低频信号线;
    所述第二低频信号线的一端连接所述芯片,另一端延伸至所述第二端部,所述第二低频信号线串接有第四扼流电感,所述第一话筒模组连接所述第二低频信号线。
  8. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的蓝牙耳机,其特征在于,所述第二接地支路还串接有第二低通高阻元件,所述第二低通高阻元件与所述第二开关串联设置且位于所述第二开关远离所述接地层的一侧。
  9. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的蓝牙耳机,其特征在于,所述第二连接部包括依次连接的多个区域,所述多个区域包括一个或多个平直区域以及一个或多个弯曲区域。
  10. 一种蓝牙耳机,其特征在于,具有耳塞部和耳柄部,所述耳塞部设有听筒模组,所述耳柄部包括与所述耳塞部相接的连接段、及位于所述连接段两侧的顶段和底段,所述耳柄部的底段设有第一话筒模组;
    所述蓝牙耳机包括天线和线路板,所述天线自所述耳柄部的连接段延伸至所述耳柄部的顶段,所述线路板具有馈电部、第一端部、第一连接部、第二端部以及第二连接部,所述馈电部位于所述耳柄部的连接段,所述第一端部位于所述耳塞部,所述第一连接部连接所述馈电部与所述第一端部,所述第二端部位于所述耳柄部的底段,所述第二连接部连接所述馈电部与所述第二端部;
    所述线路板包括馈电焊盘、接地层、第一接地支路及第二接地支路,所述馈电焊盘位于所述馈电部且耦合所述天线,所述接地层位于所述馈电部且与所述馈电焊盘彼此间隔,所述第一接地支路的一端连接所述接地层,另一端延伸至第一端部,所述第二接地支路的一端连接所述接地层,另一端延伸至第二端部;
    所述第二接地支路串接有第一支路,所述第二接地支路还包括第二支路,所述第二支路的一端与所述第一支路的一端连接,所述第二支路的另一端与所述第一支路的另一端连接或者耦合,所述第二支路串接有开关,所述第二支路的长度比所述第一支路的长度短。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的蓝牙耳机,其特征在于,所述天线用于形成第一电流;
    所述开关断开时,所述第一接地支路用于形成第二电流,所述第二电流与所述第一电流能够合成处于谐振模态的等效电流;
    所述开关导通时,所述第一接地支路用于形成第二电流,所述第二接地支路用于形成第三电流,所述第一电流、所述第二电流及所述第三电流能够合成处于谐振模态的等效电流。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的蓝牙耳机,其特征在于,所述线路板还包括第三端部及第三连接部,所述第三端部位于所述耳柄部的连接段、或者位于所述耳柄部的底段靠近所述耳柄部的连接段的一端,且所述第三端部连接所述第二连接部或靠近所述第二连接部设置,所述第三连接部的一端连接所述第三端部、另一端连接所述馈电部或所述第一连接部,所述第二支路远离接地层的一端经所述第三连接部延伸至所述第三端部。
  13. 根据权利要求10或11所述的蓝牙耳机,其特征在于,所述听筒模组连接所述第一接地支路,所述第一话筒模组连接所述第二接地支路。
  14. 根据权利要求10或11所述的蓝牙耳机,其特征在于,所述第二接地支路串接有第二低通高阻元件,所述第二低通高阻元件与所述第一支路串联设置,且位于所述第一支路远离所述接地层的一侧。
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