WO2021070794A1 - Feuille de brasage pour echangeur thermique et echangeur thermique pour appareil de climatisation - Google Patents

Feuille de brasage pour echangeur thermique et echangeur thermique pour appareil de climatisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021070794A1
WO2021070794A1 PCT/JP2020/037795 JP2020037795W WO2021070794A1 WO 2021070794 A1 WO2021070794 A1 WO 2021070794A1 JP 2020037795 W JP2020037795 W JP 2020037795W WO 2021070794 A1 WO2021070794 A1 WO 2021070794A1
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Prior art keywords
sacrificial anode
brazing
brazing sheet
anode material
heat exchanger
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PCT/JP2020/037795
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
孝仁 中島
広田　正宣
憲昭 山本
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パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
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Priority to CN202080015137.8A priority Critical patent/CN113453839B/zh
Publication of WO2021070794A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021070794A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
    • B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/288—Al as the principal constituent with Sn or Zn
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/12—Electrodes characterised by the material
    • C23F13/14—Material for sacrificial anodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the heat-exchange media travelling at an angle to one another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
    • F28F19/06—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/14—Heat exchangers

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a brazing sheet used for a member constituting a heat exchanger and a heat exchanger for an air conditioner configured by using the brazing sheet.
  • a general heat exchanger is usually provided with a pipe and fins, and has a configuration in which a plurality of fins are attached to the outer circumference of the pipe.
  • As the material of the tube copper (Cu) or an alloy thereof (referred to as “copper material” for convenience) has been used, but in recent years, aluminum (Al) or an alloy thereof (aluminum material) has also been used.
  • As a fin material an aluminum material is generally used.
  • brazing sheet in which a brazing material layer is clad (coated) on at least one surface of a core material made of an aluminum alloy is used.
  • a brazing sheet in which a brazing material is clad on one surface of the core material and a sacrificial anode material layer is clad on the other surface is used.
  • an aluminum-silicon (Si) -based alloy used for brazing an aluminum alloy is generally used, and as a sacrificial anode material, aluminum is generally used in order to make its potential low.
  • An alloy in which zinc (Zn) is added is used.
  • a typical sacrificial anode material a brazing material of a general aluminum-silicon alloy with zinc added can be mentioned. As a result, the sacrificial anode material also functions as a brazing material.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an aluminum alloy brazing sheet that can be used as a fluid passage component of an automobile heat exchanger.
  • the sacrificial anode material contains Si: 2.5 to 7.0 mass%, Zn: 1.0 to 5.5 mass%, Fe 0.05 to 1.0 mass%, and the balance Al and unavoidable impurities. It is an aluminum alloy made of, and the clad thickness of the sacrificial anode material is 25 to 80 ⁇ m.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses an aluminum alloy brazing fin material for a heat exchanger used, for example, in an air conditioner (room air conditioner, air conditioner) or a heat exchanger for a refrigerator.
  • the sacrificial anode material contains Zn: 7 to 15% by mass, and the balance is composed of an aluminum alloy composed of Al and unavoidable impurities, which is preferable as the clad thickness of the sacrificial anode material. Is 7 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 7 to 40 ⁇ m.
  • the sacrificial anode material has a composition which may contain 8.0% by mass or less of Si from the viewpoint of suppressing excessive coarsening of crystal grains and improving corrosion resistance.
  • the brazing sheet in the heat exchanger for an air conditioner needs to have a higher joint strength than the brazing sheet for an automobile. This is because, in general, the upper limit of the allowable refrigerant pressure (allowable internal pressure) of the heat exchanger for an air conditioner is relatively higher than that of the heat exchanger for an automobile.
  • the sacrificial anode material also serves as a brazing material, of course, the sacrificial anode material is also required to have high bonding strength.
  • the brazing sheet disclosed in Patent Document 1 is for automobiles and must contain iron (Fe).
  • Fe iron
  • the brazing fin material disclosed in Patent Document 2 it is not assumed that the sacrificial anode material also serves as a brazing material, and the inclusion of Si is intended to contribute to the sacrificial anode action.
  • Patent Document 2 it is said that the sacrificial anode action cannot be exhibited unless the Zn content of the sacrificial anode material is 7.0% by mass or more, but according to the study by the present inventors, the Zn content is 7. It can be less than 0% by mass.
  • the sacrificial anode material also serves as a brazing material, it is possible to increase the bonding strength by increasing the Si content, but if the Si content is too large, the fluidity becomes too high. It was also clarified that the corrosion resistance of the brazing sheet was significantly reduced.
  • the present disclosure provides a brazing sheet provided with a sacrificial anode material layer, which is used in a heat exchanger for an air conditioner and can achieve both corrosion resistance and pressure resistance.
  • the brazing sheet according to the present disclosure is a brazing sheet used for a heat exchanger of an air conditioner, and is an aluminum alloy core material made of an aluminum alloy and an aluminum alloy coated on one surface of the core material and containing silicon (Si).
  • a brazing material layer made of a brazing material and a sacrificial anode material layer made of a sacrificial anode material of an aluminum alloy coated on the other surface of the core material and containing zinc (Zn) and silicon (Si) are provided.
  • the brazing sheet has a silicon content in the sacrificial anode material when the thickness of the sacrificial anode material layer is in the range of 15 to 25 ⁇ m and the temperature T at the time of joining the brazing sheet is in the range of 580 to 660 ° C.
  • the brazing sheet according to the present disclosure is a brazing sheet used in a heat exchanger of an air conditioner, which is coated on both surfaces of an aluminum alloy core material and the core material, and zinc (Zn) and silicon (Zn) and silicon (A sacrificial anode material layer made of a sacrificial anode material of an aluminum alloy containing Si) is provided, the thickness of the sacrificial anode material layer is within the range of 15 to 25 ⁇ m, and the temperature T at the time of joining the brazing sheet is 580 to. When the temperature is within the range of 660 ° C., the silicon content X Si in the sacrificial anode material is calculated by the following equation (1).
  • the configuration may be greater than or equal to the value derived from.
  • the sacrificial anode material layer contains silicon within the above range.
  • the silicon content can be optimized in the sacrificial anode material which also serves as a brazing material. Therefore, even if the thickness of the sacrificial anode material layer is within the above range, it is possible to achieve both corrosion resistance and pressure resistance in the bonding structure of the brazing sheet.
  • the present disclosure also includes a heat exchanger for an air conditioner, which is configured by using the brazing sheet having the above configuration.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a brazing sheet according to a typical embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a joining structure of a brazing sheet according to a typical embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a header of a plate fin laminated heat exchanger constructed by using the brazing sheet shown in FIG. 1A.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a header of a plate fin laminated heat exchanger configured by using a brazing sheet having sacrificial anode material layers on both sides.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a brazing sheet according to a typical embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a joining structure of a brazing sheet according to a typical embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4A is a diagram showing the results of a corrosion resistance test of the joint structure of the brazing sheet according to Comparative Example 1.
  • FIG. 4B is a diagram showing the results of a corrosion resistance test of the joint structure of the brazing sheet according to Example 1.
  • FIG. 4C is a diagram showing the results of a corrosion resistance test of the joint structure of the brazing sheet according to Example 2.
  • FIG. 4D is a diagram showing the results of a corrosion resistance test of the joint structure of the brazing sheet according to Comparative Example 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the results of a corrosion resistance test of the joint structure of the brazing sheet according to Example 3.
  • the brazing sheet according to the present disclosure is used for a heat exchanger of an air conditioner, and is made of an aluminum alloy core material and an aluminum alloy coated on one surface of the core material and containing silicon (Si).
  • a brazing material layer made of a brazing material and a sacrificial anode material layer made of a sacrificial anode material of an aluminum alloy coated on the other surface of the core material and containing zinc (Zn) and silicon (Si) are provided.
  • the brazing sheet contains the silicon in the sacrificial anode material when the thickness of the sacrificial anode material layer is in the range of 15 to 25 ⁇ m and the temperature T at the time of joining the brazing sheet is in the range of 580 to 660 ° C.
  • the quantity X Si is given by the following equation (1).
  • the brazing sheet according to the present disclosure is a brazing sheet used in a heat exchanger of an air conditioner, which is coated on both surfaces of an aluminum alloy core material and the core material, and zinc (Zn) and silicon (Zn) and silicon (A sacrificial anode material layer made of a sacrificial anode material of an aluminum alloy containing Si) is provided, the thickness of the sacrificial anode material layer is within the range of 15 to 25 ⁇ m, and the temperature T at the time of joining the brazing sheet is 580 to. When the temperature is within the range of 660 ° C., the silicon content X Si in the sacrificial anode material is calculated by the following equation (1).
  • the configuration may be greater than or equal to the value derived from.
  • the sacrificial anode material layer contains silicon within the above range.
  • the silicon content can be optimized in the sacrificial anode material which also serves as a brazing material. Therefore, even if the thickness of the sacrificial anode material layer is within the above range, it is possible to achieve both corrosion resistance and pressure resistance in the bonding structure of the brazing sheet.
  • the brazing sheet has a joint portion that constitutes a joint portion by being joined to each other and an inclined portion adjacent to the joint portion, and the inclination angle of the inclined portion with respect to the joint portion is 40 °.
  • the configuration may be as follows.
  • the core material is an aluminum alloy of 3000 series, 5000 series, or 6000 series
  • the sacrificial anode material is a 4000 series aluminum alloy
  • zinc is 2.0 to 6.0.
  • the composition may be such that it is contained within the range of mass%.
  • the brazing material may be a 4000 series aluminum alloy.
  • the heat exchanger for the air conditioner according to the present disclosure may be configured by using the brazing sheet having the above configuration.
  • the heat exchanger for the air conditioner may have a configuration in which plate fins are laminated.
  • the brazing sheet according to the present disclosure is made of an aluminum alloy used for a heat exchanger.
  • the brazing sheet 10 according to the present disclosure includes a core material 11, a brazing material layer 12, and a sacrificial anode material layer 13.
  • the brazing material layer 12 is coated (clad) on one surface of the core material 11, and the sacrificial anode material layer 13 is on the other surface of the core material 11, that is, the surface opposite to the surface on which the brazing material layer 12 is coated. It is covered.
  • the core material 11, the brazing material forming the brazing material layer 12, and the sacrificial anode material forming the sacrificial anode material layer 13 are all aluminum alloys.
  • the brazing sheet 10 may have a core material 11 and a sacrificial anode material layer 13, and may not have a brazing material layer 12.
  • a sacrificial anode material layer 13 is formed on both surfaces of the core material 11.
  • the brazing sheet 10 according to the present disclosure has a joint portion at least on the side of the sacrificial anode material layer 13, and the joint portion is formed by joining the joint surfaces of the joint portions to each other.
  • the structure in which the brazing sheets 10 are joined to each other at the joining site is the joining structure of the brazing sheets 10 according to the present disclosure.
  • the specific shape of the brazing sheet 10 according to the present disclosure is not particularly limited, but a typical example may be a configuration having an inclined portion adjacent to the joint portion and inclined with respect to the joint portion.
  • the joining structure 20 of the brazing sheet 10 is configured by joining the joining portions 10a of the brazing sheet 10 to each other.
  • the inclined portion 10b is adjacent to the joint portion 10a, and the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the inclined portion 10b with respect to the joint portion 10a is not particularly limited, but the angle ⁇ 2 formed between the inclined portions 10b in the joining structure 20 of the brazing sheet is an acute angle. That is, it may be less than 90 ° ( ⁇ 2 ⁇ 90 °), so the inclination angle ⁇ 1 may be less than 45 °, which is 1/2 of that.
  • fillets 22 are formed between the inclined portions 10b.
  • the fillet 22 is defined as a solidified wax material or sacrificial anode material that has flowed out from the joint portion 10a at the time of joining.
  • the angle ⁇ 2 formed by each inclined portion 10b constituting the joining structure 20 of the brazing sheet is referred to as an “inclined portion forming angle” for convenience of explanation.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 1 and the inclination portion formation angle ⁇ 2 are shown by dotted lines, but the reference of these angles is an intermediate line of the thickness of the brazing sheet 10 as shown by the dotted line in the figure. (A line having an intermediate thickness (depth) from both one surface and the other surface).
  • the reference of these angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 is not limited to the intermediate line of the thickness, and may be another known reference (for example, an angle with respect to the surface on the joint side).
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 1 may be less than 45 ° as described above, but the upper limit thereof is preferably less than 40 °, more preferably less than 35 °. Depending on the structure of the heat exchanger for the air conditioner, if the inclination angle ⁇ 1 exceeds 40 °, the brazing sheet 10 may be partially thinned or the core material 11 may be partially eroded during press working. There is a risk of doing so.
  • the fact that the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the inclined portion 10b with respect to the joint portion 10a is relatively large means that a large processing is applied to the brazing sheet 10 during the press working. As a result, the brazing sheet 10 is partially thinned. When the brazing sheet 10 is partially thinned, stress concentration or insufficient pressure resistance occurs in the thinned portion, so that the portion may be damaged.
  • the diffusion coefficient of silicon from the brazing material layer 12 to the core material 11 becomes large at the portion where the processing is applied, which causes erosion (melting of the core material 11).
  • the risk increases.
  • erosion occurs, zinc contained in the sacrificial anode material layer 13 existing around the molten core material 11 is involved, and a part of the core material 11 becomes a “sacrificial anode material”. As a result, there is a possibility that the brazing sheet 10 penetrates early from the site where the erosion occurs.
  • the brazing sheet 10 when the inclination angle ⁇ 1 is 40 ° or less, the possibility that a large processing is applied to the brazing sheet 10 is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the possibility that the brazing sheet 10 is partially thinned or the core material 11 is partially eroded.
  • the brazing sheet 10 may be partially thinned during press working, or the core material 11 may be partially eroded. Since the occurrence may be suppressed, the upper limit of the inclination angle ⁇ 1 is not always 40 °.
  • the lower limit of the inclination angle ⁇ 1 is not particularly limited, and a suitable lower limit value may be set according to the structure of the heat exchanger for the air conditioner.
  • a suitable lower limit value may be set according to the structure of the heat exchanger for the air conditioner.
  • the lower limit of the inclination angle ⁇ 1 in the plate fin laminated heat exchanger is preferably 15 ° or more, and more preferably 20 ° or more.
  • the core material 11 included in the brazing sheet 10 according to the present disclosure may be a known aluminum alloy that can realize the physical properties required according to various conditions such as the type or structure of the heat exchanger.
  • the aluminum alloy used as the core material 11 include, in the field of heat exchangers, typically 3000 series (aluminum-manganese (Al-Mn) based alloy) and 5000 series (aluminum-magnesium (Al-Mg)). (Aluminum-based alloy), 6000-based (aluminum-magnesium-silicon (Al-Mg-Si) -based alloy), and the like, but are not limited thereto.
  • the core material 11 may contain an element known to the above-mentioned aluminum alloy at a content (concentration) exceeding the unavoidable impurities.
  • concentration concentration
  • the upper limit of the concentration allowed as an unavoidable impurity varies depending on various conditions, but for example, less than 0.1% by mass in the entire aluminum alloy can be mentioned.
  • the upper limit of the concentration of unavoidable impurities may conform to the alloy composition defined in a known standard such as JIS.
  • the aluminum alloy used as the brazing material may be an alloy containing silicon (silicon, Si), that is, an aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) alloy.
  • the content of Si in the brazing material is not particularly limited, and may be within a range suitable for use as a brazing material. Specifically, for example, the content (concentration) of Si in the brazing material can be in the range of 2.5 to 13% by mass, even if it is in the range of 3.5 to 12% by mass. Good. If the Si content is too low, the Al—Si alloy may not function sufficiently as a brazing material. On the other hand, if the Si content is too high, Si may diffuse into the core material 11 or the mating material and melt the brazing sheet 10 itself. Further, the Al—Si alloy as the brazing material may contain an element other than Si in a content exceeding the unavoidable impurities as long as the function as the brazing material is not affected.
  • the aluminum alloy used as the sacrificial anode material contains zinc (Zn) in the range of 2.0 to 6.0% by mass in order to exert the sacrificial anode action. Further, in the present disclosure, since the sacrificial anode material also serves as a brazing material as described above, Si is contained in the same manner as the brazing material. The Si content (Si concentration) in the sacrificial anode material can be in the range of 3.0 to 6.0% by mass. Therefore, the aluminum alloy used as the sacrificial anode material may be an aluminum-silicon-zinc (Al-Si-Zn) alloy.
  • the sacrificial anode material As the sacrificial anode material, if the Zn content (concentration) is less than 2.0% by mass, a good sacrificial anode action cannot be exhibited. On the other hand, when the Zn content exceeds 6.0% by mass, the sacrificial anode action proceeds too early and the sacrificial anode material layer 13 disappears from the brazing sheet 10 at an early stage, so that the corrosion resistance of the brazing sheet 10 deteriorates. There is a risk of
  • the Si content is less than 3.0% by mass, the amount of Si is too small and the sacrificial anode material does not flow sufficiently, and as a brazing material. There is a risk that good adhesive strength cannot be exhibited.
  • the Si content exceeds 6.0% by mass, the fluidity as the sacrificial anode material is improved, but the fluidity becomes too high and the corrosion resistance may decrease.
  • the brazing sheet 10 is used as a heat exchanger for an air conditioner.
  • the adhesive strength is required to be sufficient to withstand the upper limit of the allowable pressure of the refrigerant.
  • the adhesive strength required for the sacrificial anode material can be appropriately set according to the conditions.
  • the Si content is the adhesion capable of realizing sufficient pressure resistance in the joining structure 20 of the brazing sheets 10.
  • the balance between strength and sufficient corrosion resistance is important.
  • a particularly preferable content of Si in the sacrificial anode material is as follows. It became clear that it can be defined by (1) and Eq. (2).
  • the concentration may be equal to or less than the value derived from the following equation (1) and greater than or equal to the value derived from the following equation (2).
  • T 660-8 ⁇ exp (0.3X Si ) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (1)
  • T 580 + 55 ⁇ exp (-0.5 (X Si -1.7)) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (2)
  • the content of elements other than Si and Zn exceeds the unavoidable impurities as long as the sacrificial anode action and the function as the brazing material are not affected. It may be contained.
  • the type of aluminum alloy specifically used as the brazing material and the sacrificial anode material is not particularly limited, but typically, 4000 series (aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) based alloy) can be used for both.
  • 4000 series aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) based alloy
  • Si silicon-silicon
  • Zn may be added by a known method so that the content of Zn is also within the above range.
  • the clad ratio of the brazing material and the sacrificial anode material is not particularly limited, and can be mentioned within a general range.
  • the general clad ratio may be, for example, in the range of 2 to 30% by mass, and may be in the range of 3 to 20% by mass.
  • the thickness of the brazing sheet 10 according to the present disclosure and the thicknesses of the core material 11, the brazing material layer 12, and the sacrificial anode material layer 13 are not particularly limited, and the brazing sheet 10 may be configured or manufactured. It can be appropriately set according to the type or parts of the heat exchanger to be used. However, in the present disclosure, the thickness of the sacrificial anode material layer 13 is in the range of 15 to 25 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the sacrificial anode material layer 13 can be made thinner than that for an automobile. If the thickness of the sacrificial anode material layer 13 can be reduced, the amount of the sacrificial anode material used can be reduced, so that an increase in the manufacturing cost of the brazing sheet 10 can be suppressed.
  • a plate fin laminated type as a heat exchanger can be mentioned as a preferable example.
  • the plate fin laminated heat exchanger a plurality of plate fins are laminated to form a laminated body, and the laminated body is pressed by a jig to join (braze). Therefore, if the thickness of the sacrificial anode material layer 13 is too large, the dimensional change of the laminated body becomes large, which may affect the bonding structure 20 of the brazing sheet. If the sacrificial anode material layer 13 can be set to 25 ⁇ m or less, such an influence on the joint structure 20 can be effectively suppressed.
  • the sacrificial anode material layer 13 is less than 15 ⁇ m, the absolute amount of the sacrificial anode material with respect to the brazing sheet 10 becomes too small. Therefore, the sacrificial anode material layer 13 may disappear from the brazing sheet 10 at an early stage, and the corrosion resistance of the brazing sheet 10 may decrease.
  • a plurality of brazing sheets 10 are superposed on each other at the joining portions 10a, and the brazing material and the sacrificial anode material are melted and brazed at a high temperature (580 ° C. or higher) to braze the brazing sheets 10 to each other. Be joined.
  • the sacrificial anode of the joint portion 10a is located at a portion adjacent to the joint portion 10a (joint portion 21) between the inclined portions 10b.
  • the sacrificial anode material flowing out of the material layer 13 solidifies to form a fillet 22.
  • the potentials of the joint portion 21 (including the fillet 22), the sacrificial anode material layer 13, and the like may be evaluated (measured) by a known method.
  • a potential measurement sample for example, a brazing sheet 10 or a core material 11, a brazing material, a sacrificial anode material, a fillet 22 or a joint portion 21, or these
  • a potential stat / galvanostat is used in a potential stat / galvanostat.
  • an alloy having a composition simulating a counter electrode, and a reference electrode (for example, a silver / silver chloride (Ag / AgCl) electrode) are connected and immersed in an electrolytic solution (for example, a 5 wt% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution). Then, a method of measuring the potential difference between the sample and the reference electrode can be mentioned.
  • an electrolytic solution for example, a 5 wt% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution.
  • the manufacturing method of the brazing sheet 10 according to the present disclosure is not particularly limited, and a known manufacturing method can be preferably used. Specifically, for example, an aluminum alloy having a desired composition is formed into a plate shape by a known method to obtain a core material 11, and a brazing material of an aluminum alloy containing Si is known for one surface of the core material 11. Clad with the method of, Zn is contained in the range of 2.0 to 6.0% by mass, and Si is contained in the range of 3.0 to 6.0% by mass with respect to the other surface of the core material 11.
  • the sacrificial anode material of the aluminum alloy may be clad by a known method.
  • the conditions for manufacturing the brazing sheet 10 can be appropriately set according to the configuration of the brazing sheet 10 or the type or parts of the heat exchanger for the air conditioner to be manufactured.
  • the brazing sheet 10 according to the present disclosure can be particularly suitably used for manufacturing a heat exchanger for an air conditioner as described above.
  • the joining structure 20 of the brazing sheet formed when the brazing sheet 10 according to the present disclosure is applied to the heat exchanger has a structure as illustrated in FIG. 1B. More specifically, a plate fin laminated heat exchanger having a structure as shown in FIG. 2, an Air To Water laminated heat exchanger having a structure as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, and the like can be mentioned. be able to.
  • the plate fin laminated heat exchanger is a plate fin laminated body having a flow path through which a refrigerant, which is a first fluid, flows, and air, which is a second fluid, is flowed between each plate fin laminated body to flow the first fluid. Heat exchange is performed between the fluid and the second fluid.
  • the plate fin included in this heat exchanger has a flow path region having a plurality of first fluid flow paths through which the first fluid flows in parallel, and a header flow path communicating with each first fluid flow path in this flow path region. It has a header area and.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structure of a header portion in the plate fin laminated body 30 as a partial cross section, and a plurality of plate fins 32 are laminated on an end plate 31 located at the uppermost part in the drawing.
  • each of the end plate 31 and the plate fin 32 An opening is provided in each of the end plate 31 and the plate fin 32, and the header opening 33 is formed by laminating these plates to form the plate fin laminated body 30.
  • the refrigerant which is the first fluid
  • each plate fin 32 is provided with the first fluid flow path, so that the refrigerant flowing between the plate fins 32 flows through the first fluid flow path.
  • the air which is the second fluid, flows in the space formed between the plate fins 32 so as to intersect the direction in which the refrigerant flows (the direction of the first fluid flow path). As a result, the air is cooled by the refrigerant.
  • Such a plate fin laminated heat exchanger include, for example, JP-A-2017-180856, JP-A-2018-066531, JP-A-2018-066532, and JP-A-2018-066533. It is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-066534, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-066535, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-066536, etc. It shall be a part of the description of the specification.
  • the plate fin laminate 34 constituting the laminated heat exchanger for Air To Water heat pump has a basic configuration of the plate fin laminate of the general plate fin laminated heat exchanger shown in FIG. Similar to body 30.
  • the plate fins 35 (brazing sheet 10 according to the present disclosure) constituting the plate fin laminate 34 have a sacrificial anode material layer 13 on both sides thereof. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the fillet 22 is formed not only at the joint portion 21 located on the header opening 33 side (inside) but also at the joint portion 21 located on the opposite side (outside) of the header opening 33 side. Has been done. Since the configuration shown in FIG. 3 is the same as the configuration shown in FIG. 2 except for the formation positions of the plate fins 35 and the fillets 22, the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the brazing sheet according to the present disclosure is used for a heat exchanger of an air conditioner, and is coated on one surface of an aluminum alloy core material and the core material and contains silicon (Si).
  • a sacrificial anode material layer is coated on both surfaces of the above.
  • the sacrificial anode when the thickness of the sacrificial anode material layer is in the range of 15 to 25 ⁇ m and the temperature T at the time of joining the brazing sheet is in the range of 580 to 660 ° C., the sacrificial anode is used.
  • the silicon content X Si in the material is less than or equal to the value derived from the above formula (1) and greater than or equal to the value derived from the above formula (2).
  • the core material is an aluminum alloy of 3003
  • the brazing material layer is an aluminum alloy of 4343
  • the sacrificial anode material layer is silicon (Si) 2.5% by mass and zinc (Zn).
  • An aluminum alloy (Al-2.5% Si-4.0% Zn) having a balance of 4.0% by mass and the balance of aluminum (Al) was used. Further, the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the inclined portion included in the brazing sheet was about 30 °.
  • This brazing sheet was brazed at each other's joint to form a joint.
  • the joint surface of the joint site was a sacrificial anode material layer. Since the brazing temperature was 610 ° C., the Si content (concentration) in the sacrificial anode material at this time was about 2.9 to 6.1% by mass from the above formulas (1) and (2). It is within the range of. Visual observation of the joints confirmed that the joints were inadequate.
  • Example 1 As the brazing sheet according to Example 1, an aluminum alloy (Al-2.8% Si) in which the sacrificial anode material layer is silicon (Si) 2.8% by mass, zinc (Zn) 4.0% by mass, and the balance aluminum (Al).
  • the brazing sheets were brazed to each other to form a joint in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the one having -4.0% Zn) was used. Since the brazing temperature was set to 620 ° C., the Si content (concentration) in the sacrificial anode material at this time was about 2.3 to 5.3% by mass from the above formulas (1) and (2). It is within the range of. When the joint was visually confirmed, good joint was confirmed.
  • Example 2 As the brazing sheet according to Example 2, an aluminum alloy (Al-4.4% Si) in which the sacrificial anode material layer is silicon (Si) 4.4% by mass, zinc (Zn) 4.0% by mass, and the balance aluminum (Al).
  • the brazing sheets were brazed to each other to form a joint in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the one having -4.0% Zn) was used. Since the brazing temperature was set to 620 ° C., the Si content (concentration) in the sacrificial anode material at this time was about 2.3 to 5.3% by mass from the above formulas (1) and (2). It is within the range of. When the joint was visually confirmed, good joint was confirmed.
  • Comparative Example 2 As a brazing sheet according to Comparative Example 2, an aluminum alloy (Al-4.4% Si) in which the sacrificial anode material layer is silicon (Si) 7.0% by mass, zinc (Zn) 4.0% by mass, and the balance aluminum (Al).
  • the brazing sheets were brazed to each other to form a joint in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the one having -4.0% Zn) was used. Since the brazing temperature was 610 ° C., the Si content (concentration) in the sacrificial anode material at this time was about 2.9 to 6.1% by mass from the above formulas (1) and (2). It is within the range of. When the joint was visually confirmed, good joint was confirmed.
  • Example 3 As the brazing sheet according to Example 3, brazing in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that a sacrificial anode material layer having the same composition as that in Example 1 was provided on both sides of the core material and no brazing material layer was used. The sheets were brazed together to form a joint. When the joint was visually confirmed, good joint was confirmed.
  • the present disclosure can provide a brazing sheet provided with a sacrificial anode material layer capable of achieving both corrosion resistance and pressure resistance satisfactorily. Therefore, it can be widely and suitably used not only in the field of brazing sheets used for heat exchangers for air conditioners having a sacrificial anode material layer, but also in the field of heat exchangers for air conditioners using the brazing sheets.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)

Abstract

La feuille de de brasage (10) selon l'invention, destinée à être utilisée dans un échangeur thermique d'appareil de climatisation comporte: un matériau central (11) en alliage d'aluminium (Al); une couche (12) de métal de brasage en alliage d'Al contenant du Si, laquelle recouvre une face du matériau central (11); et une couche (13) de matériau d'anode sacrificielle en alliage d'Al contenant du Si et du Zn, laquelle recouvre l'autre face du matériau central (11). L'épaisseur de la couche (13) de matériau d'anode sacrificielle est comprise dans la plage de 15 à 25 μｍ, et lorsque la température T au moment de l'assemblage d'une feuille de brasage (10) est comprise dans la plage de 580 à 660℃, la quantité XSi de Si dans le matériau d'anode sacrificielle est inférieure ou égale à la valeur dérivée de la formule (1): T = 660 - 8 x exp (0,3 XSi) et supérieure ou égale à la valeur dérivée de la formule (2): T = 580 + 55 x exp (-0,5(XSi-1,7)).
PCT/JP2020/037795 2019-10-11 2020-10-06 Feuille de brasage pour echangeur thermique et echangeur thermique pour appareil de climatisation WO2021070794A1 (fr)

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JP2019188044A JP2021063264A (ja) 2019-10-11 2019-10-11 熱交換器用ブレージングシートおよび空気調和装置用熱交換器

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JPH11199957A (ja) * 1998-01-06 1999-07-27 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The 熱交換器用アルミニウム合金複合材
JP2000084662A (ja) * 1998-09-11 2000-03-28 Sky Alum Co Ltd アルミニウム合金製熱交換器ろう付け構造体の製造方法およびアルミニウム合金製熱交換器と熱交換器用ブレージングシート成形体
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