WO2021057295A1 - 一种用于新能源电动汽车的多个驱动装置耦合结构 - Google Patents

一种用于新能源电动汽车的多个驱动装置耦合结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021057295A1
WO2021057295A1 PCT/CN2020/108536 CN2020108536W WO2021057295A1 WO 2021057295 A1 WO2021057295 A1 WO 2021057295A1 CN 2020108536 W CN2020108536 W CN 2020108536W WO 2021057295 A1 WO2021057295 A1 WO 2021057295A1
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Prior art keywords
planetary gear
power
driving device
speed motor
housing
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PCT/CN2020/108536
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English (en)
French (fr)
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孙德清
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孙德清
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Publication of WO2021057295A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021057295A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/32—Control or regulation of multiple-unit electrically-propelled vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of drive structures for new energy electric vehicles, in particular to a coupling structure of multiple drive devices for new energy electric vehicles.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a coupling structure of multiple driving devices for a new energy electric vehicle, which has a simple structure and convenient control, which can greatly save electric energy and increase cruising mileage.
  • a coupling structure for multiple driving devices of a new energy electric vehicle including a first driving device, a second driving device, and a third driving device installed in a housing assembly
  • the fourth driving device, the first planetary gear housing, the second planetary gear housing, the first main shaft, the second main shaft and the differential, the first planetary gear housing and the second planetary gear housing have the same structure
  • Both the second planetary gear housing and the second planetary gear housing have cylindrical surfaces, and the cylindrical surface is provided with teeth.
  • the teeth on the cylindrical surface of the first planetary gear housing mesh with the teeth on the cylindrical surface of the second planetary gear housing.
  • the teeth on the cylindrical surface of the housing mesh with the side gears of the differential.
  • the inner sides of the first planetary gear housing and the second planetary gear housing are provided with a planetary gear carrier, and each planetary gear A plurality of first planetary gears and a first sun gear meshing with each of the first planetary gears on the planetary gear carrier are installed on the carrier, the first driving device, the second driving device, the third driving device and the fourth driving device
  • the device is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four first sun gears, and each first sun gear is connected to the power output shaft of any one of the first drive device, the second drive device, the third drive device and the fourth drive device through a transmission device.
  • the inner surfaces of the first planetary gear housing and the second planetary gear housing are provided with internal teeth matching the first planetary gears on the planetary gear carrier, and each planetary gear carrier is rotatably mounted on the corresponding power output
  • the differential includes the two second sun gears, two second planetary gears meshing with the second sun gear, and the side gear.
  • the two planetary gears are mounted on a frame, and the frame and the side gear are The gears are fixedly connected, and the side gear is fixedly installed on a rotating shaft fixedly connected with any second sun gear.
  • the first driving device is a high-power slow-speed motor
  • the second driving device is a medium-power high-speed motor
  • the third driving device is a low-power high-speed motor
  • the fourth driving device is an automobile engine .
  • the power of the high-power low-speed motor is greater than the power of the medium-power high-speed motor
  • the power of the medium-power high-speed motor is greater than the power of the low-power high-speed motor
  • the speed of the medium-power high-speed motor and the low-power high-speed motor are both It is greater than the speed of the high-power slow-speed motor.
  • the medium-power high-speed motor, low-power high-speed motor, high-power slow-speed motor and automobile engine are all fixedly installed in the housing assembly, and the first and second spindles connected to the differential are rotatably connected to the housing Assembly connection.
  • the first driving device, the second driving device, the third driving device and the fourth driving device are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four first sun gears.
  • the first driving device, the second driving device, the third driving device and the The power output shafts of the four driving devices are respectively connected with the corresponding first sun gears through transmission devices.
  • a second sun gear of the differential is correspondingly connected to the first main shaft through a transmission device, and the other second sun gear of the differential is correspondingly connected to the second main shaft through a transmission device.
  • the present invention can use the high-power slow-speed motor to start the vehicle or the high-power slow-speed motor and the medium-power high-speed motor together to start the vehicle.
  • the high-power low-speed motor stops supplying power, and the medium-power high-speed motor and the low-power high-speed motor continue to increase the speed.
  • the medium-power high-speed motor stops working, and the low-power high-speed motor is used at this time.
  • Cruise to achieve the purpose of saving energy and increasing cruising mileage.
  • the traditional car engine can intervene in work, which can greatly save power and increase the cruising range.
  • This structure can also use only two motors for driving with different power combinations.
  • This structure can be used flexibly. It can work with a single motor, or it can work with multiple motors at the same time by controlling the clutch device. It can be decelerated by the driving and driven gear, or it can be decelerated by the planetary gear set, and it can also be based on the gear ratio of different planetary gear sets. To carry out the coordination work of the same power motors, it can also achieve traction control, and at the same time solve the problems of matching between multiple motors and gearboxes and dual coupling technology.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
  • 1-housing assembly 2-first driving device, 3-second driving device, 4-third driving device, 5-fourth driving device, 6-first planetary gear housing, 7-second Planetary gear housing, 8-first main shaft, 9-second main shaft, 10-differential, 11-side gear, 12-planet gear carrier, 13-first planetary gear, 14-first sun gear, 15-th Two sun gears, 16-wheels, 17-clutch device, 18-second planetary gear.
  • a coupling structure for multiple drive devices for a new energy electric vehicle includes a first drive device 2, a second drive device 3, and a third drive device 4 installed in a housing assembly 1.
  • the first planetary gear housing 6 and the second planetary gear housing 7 both have cylindrical surfaces, and the cylindrical surfaces are provided with teeth.
  • the teeth of the cylindrical surface of the first planetary gear housing 6 are the same as those of the second planetary gear housing 7.
  • each planetary gear carrier 12 is equipped with a plurality of first planetary gears 13 and first planetary gears 13 meshing with the first planetary gears 13 on the planetary gear carrier 12 Sun gear 14, each first sun gear 14 is connected to the power output shaft of any one of the first driving device 2, the second driving device 3, the third driving device 4, and the fourth driving device 5 through a transmission device, the first planet
  • the inner surfaces of the gear housing 6 and the second planetary gear housing 7 are provided with internal teeth that cooperate with the first planetary gears 13 on the planetary gear carrier 12, and each planetary gear carrier 12 is rotatably mounted to the power corresponding to it.
  • a clutch device 17 is provided on the output shaft and between each planetary gear carrier 12 and the housing assembly 1. When the clutch device 17 is closed, the corresponding planetary gear carrier 12 and the housing assembly 1 remain relatively stationary. When the clutch device 17 is released, its corresponding planetary gear carrier 12 and the housing can move relative to each other.
  • the two second sun gears 15 of the differential 10 are respectively connected to the first main shaft 8 or the second main shaft 9 through the transmission device.
  • a main shaft 8 and a second main shaft 9 are respectively connected to a wheel.
  • the differential 10 includes the two second sun gears 15, two second planetary gears 18 meshed with the second sun gear 15, and the side gear 11, and the two planetary gears are mounted on the frame Above, the frame is fixedly connected with the side gear 11, and the side gear 11 is fixedly installed on a rotating shaft fixedly connected with any second sun gear 15.
  • the first drive device 2 is a high-power slow-speed motor
  • the second drive device 3 is a medium-power high-speed motor
  • the third drive device 4 is a low-power high-speed motor
  • the fourth drive device 5 is the car engine.
  • the power of the high-power low-speed motor is greater than the power of the medium-power high-speed motor
  • the power of the medium-power high-speed motor is greater than the power of the low-power high-speed motor
  • the speed of the medium-power high-speed motor and the low-power high-speed motor are both It is greater than the speed of the high-power slow-speed motor.
  • the medium-power high-speed motor, low-power high-speed motor, high-power slow-speed motor and automobile engine are all fixedly installed in the housing assembly 1, and the first main shaft 8 and the second main shaft 9 connected to the differential 10 are rotatable
  • the ground is connected to the housing assembly 1.
  • the present invention can use the high-power slow-speed motor to start the vehicle or the high-power slow-speed motor and the medium-power high-speed motor together to start the vehicle.
  • the high-power low-speed motor stops supplying power, and the medium-power high-speed motor and the low-power high-speed motor continue to increase the speed.
  • the medium-power high-speed motor stops working, and the low-power high-speed motor is used at this time.
  • Cruise to achieve the purpose of saving energy and increasing cruising mileage.
  • the traditional car engine can intervene in work, which can greatly save power and increase the cruising range.
  • This structure can also use only two motors for driving with different power combinations.
  • This structure can be used flexibly. It can work with a single motor, or it can work with multiple motors at the same time by controlling the clutch device. It can be decelerated by the driving and driven gear, or it can be decelerated by the planetary gear set, and it can also be based on the gear ratio of different planetary gear sets. To carry out the coordination work of the same power motors, it can also achieve traction control, and at the same time solve the problems of matching between multiple motors and gearboxes and dual coupling technology.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于新能源电动汽车的多个驱动装置耦合结构，第一行星齿轮壳和第二行星齿轮壳的圆柱形表面设置有齿，第一行星齿轮壳的圆柱形表面的齿与第二行星齿轮壳的圆柱形表面的齿相啮合，第二行星齿轮壳的的圆柱形表面的齿与差速器的侧面齿轮相啮合，第一行星齿轮壳和第二行星齿轮壳的轴向两侧的内部均设置有一个行星齿轮架，每个行星齿轮架上均安装有多个第一行星齿轮及第一太阳齿轮，各行星齿轮架与壳体总成间均设置有一个离合装置。本发明的有益效果是：在纯电模式下，可以利用大功率慢速电机将车辆起步或大功率慢速电机与中功率高速电机一起启动，将车辆起步；以小功率高速电机进行巡航，以达到节能增加巡航里程的目的。

Description

一种用于新能源电动汽车的多个驱动装置耦合结构 技术领域
本发明涉及新能源电动汽车驱动结构技术领域，特别是一种用于新能源电动汽车的多个驱动装置耦合结构。
 背景技术
随着汽车销量的较快增长，能源和环境污染日益严重。开发节能环保的汽车是解决以上两个问题的有效途径之一。目前，单电机加发动机组成简单的混合动力系统，以及双电机加发动机的混合动力系统，混合动力扭矩大，效率高，但由于机构普遍较为复杂，导致双电机控制也过于复杂，难度及成本较高。
 技术问题
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺点，提供一种用于新能源电动汽车的多个驱动装置耦合结构，其结构简单，控制方便，能够极大限度节省电能，增加巡航里程。
 技术解决方案
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案来实现：一种用于新能源电动汽车的多个驱动装置耦合结构，包括安装于壳体总成内的第一驱动装置、第二驱动装置、第三驱动装置、第四驱动装置、第一行星齿轮壳、第二行星齿轮壳、第一主轴、第二主轴和差速器，第一行星齿轮壳和第二行星齿轮壳的结构相同，第一行星齿轮壳和第二行星齿轮壳均具有圆柱形表面，且圆柱形表面设置有齿，第一行星齿轮壳的圆柱形表面的齿与第二行星齿轮壳的圆柱形表面的齿相啮合，第二行星齿轮壳的圆柱形表面的齿与差速器的侧面齿轮相啮合，所述的第一行星齿轮壳和第二行星齿轮壳的轴向两侧的内部均设置有一个行星齿轮架，每个行星齿轮架上均安装有多个第一行星齿轮及与该行星齿轮架上的各第一行星齿轮相啮合的第一太阳齿轮，第一驱动装置、第二驱动装置、第三驱动装置和第四驱动装置与四个第一太阳齿轮一一对应设置，每个第一太阳齿轮通过传动装置连接第一驱动装置、第二驱动装置、第三驱动装置和第四驱动装置中的任意一个的动力输出轴，第一行星齿轮壳和第二行星齿轮壳的内表面设置有与行星齿轮架上的第一行星齿轮相配合的内齿，各行星齿轮架可旋转地安装于与其对应连接的所述动力输出轴上，且各行星齿轮架与壳体总成间均设置有一个离合装置，当离合装置闭合时，其对应的行星齿轮架与壳体总成保持相对静止，当离合装置松开时，其对应的行星齿轮架与壳体可相对运动，差速器的两个第二太阳齿轮分别通过传动装置对应连接第一主轴或第二主轴，第一主轴和第二主轴分别连接一个车轮。
所述的差速器包括所述两个第二太阳齿轮、两个与所述第二太阳齿轮相啮合的第二行星齿轮和所述侧面齿轮，两个行星齿轮安装于框架上，框架与侧面齿轮固定连接，侧面齿轮固定安装于与任意一个第二太阳齿轮固定连接的转轴上。
所述的第一驱动装置为大功率慢速电机，所述的第二驱动装置为中功率高速电机，所述的第三驱动装置为小功率高速电机，所述的第四驱动装置为汽车发动机。
所述的大功率慢速电机的功率大于中功率高速电机的功率，所述的中功率高速电机的功率大于小功率高速电机的功率，所述的中功率高速电机和小功率高速电机的转速均大于大功率慢速电机的转速。
所述的中功率高速电机、小功率高速电机、大功率慢速电机和汽车发动机均固定安装于壳体总成内，与差速器连接的第一主轴和第二主轴可旋转地与壳体总成连接。
所述的第一驱动装置、第二驱动装置、第三驱动装置和第四驱动装置与四个第一太阳齿轮一一对应设置，第一驱动装置、第二驱动装置、第三驱动装置和第四驱动装置的动力输出轴分别与对应的第一太阳齿轮通过传动装置连接。
差速器的一个第二太阳齿轮通过传动装置对应连接第一主轴，差速器的另一个第二太阳齿轮通过传动装置对应连接第二主轴。
 有益效果
本发明具有以下优点：
本发明在纯电模式下，可以利用大功率慢速电机将车辆起步或大功率慢速电机与中功率高速电机一起启动，将车辆起步。当达到一定速度后，大功率慢速电机停止供电，中功率高速电机将与小功率高速电机继续将车速提高，当达到一定的车速后，中功率高速电机停止工作，此时以小功率高速电机进行巡航，以达到节能增加巡航里程的目的。在混动模式，当电池电量降低到一定的储量时，传统汽车发动机可以介入工作，从而能够极大限度节省电能，增加巡航里程。此结构也可以只用两个电机进行不同功率组合的驱动。
此结构运用灵活，可以单电机工作，也可以通过控制离合装置进行多电机同时工作，可以通过主从动齿进行减速，也可以通过行星齿轮组进行减速，还可以根据不同行星齿轮组的齿比来进行相同功率电机的配合工作，还可以做到牵引力控制，同时还解决多电机与变速箱减速箱的匹配和双耦合技术的难题。
 附图说明
图1 为本发明的结构示意图。
图中，1-壳体总成，2-第一驱动装置，3-第二驱动装置，4-第三驱动装置，5-第四驱动装置，6-第一行星齿轮壳，7-第二行星齿轮壳，8-第一主轴，9-第二主轴，10-差速器，11-侧面齿轮，12-行星齿轮架，13-第一行星齿轮，14-第一太阳齿轮，15-第二太阳齿轮， 16-车轮、17-离合装置，18-第二行星齿轮。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的描述：
如图1所示，一种用于新能源电动汽车的多个驱动装置耦合结构，包括安装于壳体总成1内的第一驱动装置2、第二驱动装置3、第三驱动装置4、第四驱动装置5、第一行星齿轮壳6、第二行星齿轮壳7、第一主轴8、第二主轴9和差速器10，第一行星齿轮壳6和第二行星齿轮壳7的结构相同，第一行星齿轮壳6和第二行星齿轮壳7均具有圆柱形表面，且圆柱形表面设置有齿，第一行星齿轮壳6的圆柱形表面的齿与第二行星齿轮壳7的圆柱形表面的齿相啮合，第二行星齿轮壳7的圆柱形表面的齿与差速器10的侧面齿轮11相啮合，所述的第一行星齿轮壳6和第二行星齿轮壳7的轴向两侧的内部均设置有一个行星齿轮架12，每个行星齿轮架12上均安装有多个第一行星齿轮13及与该行星齿轮架12上的各第一行星齿轮13相啮合的第一太阳齿轮14，每个第一太阳齿轮14通过传动装置连接第一驱动装置2、第二驱动装置3、第三驱动装置4和第四驱动装置5中的任意一个的动力输出轴，第一行星齿轮壳6和第二行星齿轮壳7的内表面设置有与行星齿轮架12上的第一行星齿轮13相配合的内齿，各行星齿轮架12可旋转地安装于与其对应连接的所述动力输出轴上，且各行星齿轮架12与壳体总成1间均设置有一个离合装置17，当离合装置17闭合时，其对应的行星齿轮架12与壳体总成1保持相对静止，当离合装置17松开时，其对应的行星齿轮架12与壳体可相对运动，差速器10的两个第二太阳齿轮15分别通过传动装置对应连接第一主轴8或第二主轴9，第一主轴8和第二主轴9分别连接一个车轮。
所述的差速器10包括所述两个第二太阳齿轮15、两个与所述第二太阳齿轮15相啮合的第二行星齿轮18和所述侧面齿轮11，两个行星齿轮安装于框架上，框架与侧面齿轮11固定连接，侧面齿轮11固定安装于与任意一个第二太阳齿轮15固定连接的转轴上。
所述的第一驱动装置2为大功率慢速电机，所述的第二驱动装置3为中功率高速电机，所述的第三驱动装置4为小功率高速电机，所述的第四驱动装置5为汽车发动机。
所述的大功率慢速电机的功率大于中功率高速电机的功率，所述的中功率高速电机的功率大于小功率高速电机的功率，所述的中功率高速电机和小功率高速电机的转速均大于大功率慢速电机的转速。
所述的中功率高速电机、小功率高速电机、大功率慢速电机和汽车发动机均固定安装于壳体总成1内，与差速器10连接的第一主轴8和第二主轴9可旋转地与壳体总成1连接。
 工业实用性
本发明在纯电模式下，可以利用大功率慢速电机将车辆起步或大功率慢速电机与中功率高速电机一起启动，将车辆起步。当达到一定速度后，大功率慢速电机停止供电，中功率高速电机将与小功率高速电机继续将车速提高，当达到一定的车速后，中功率高速电机停止工作，此时以小功率高速电机进行巡航，以达到节能增加巡航里程的目的。在混动模式，当电池电量降低到一定的储量时，传统汽车发动机可以介入工作，从而能够极大限度节省电能，增加巡航里程。此结构也可以只用两个电机进行不同功率组合的驱动。
此结构运用灵活，可以单电机工作，也可以通过控制离合装置进行多电机同时工作，可以通过主从动齿进行减速，也可以通过行星齿轮组进行减速，还可以根据不同行星齿轮组的齿比来进行相同功率电机的配合工作，还可以做到牵引力控制，同时还解决多电机与变速箱减速箱的匹配和双耦合技术的难题。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种用于新能源电动汽车的多个驱动装置耦合结构，其特征在于：包括安装于壳体总成内的第一驱动装置、第二驱动装置、第三驱动装置、第四驱动装置、第一行星齿轮壳、第二行星齿轮壳、第一主轴、第二主轴和差速器，第一行星齿轮壳和第二行星齿轮壳的结构相同，第一行星齿轮壳和第二行星齿轮壳均具有圆柱形表面，且圆柱形表面设置有齿，第一行星齿轮壳的圆柱形表面的齿与第二行星齿轮壳的圆柱形表面的齿相啮合，第二行星齿轮壳的圆柱形表面的齿与差速器的侧面齿轮相啮合，所述的第一行星齿轮壳和第二行星齿轮壳的轴向两侧的内部均设置有一个行星齿轮架，每个行星齿轮架上均安装有多个第一行星齿轮及与该行星齿轮架上的各第一行星齿轮相啮合的第一太阳齿轮，每个第一太阳齿轮通过传动装置连接第一驱动装置、第二驱动装置、第三驱动装置和第四驱动装置中的任意一个的动力输出轴，第一行星齿轮壳和第二行星齿轮壳的内表面设置有与行星齿轮架上的第一行星齿轮相配合的内齿，各行星齿轮架可旋转地安装于与其对应连接的所述动力输出轴上，且各行星齿轮架与壳体总成间均设置有一个离合装置，当离合装置闭合时，其对应的行星齿轮架与壳体总成保持相对静止，当离合装置松开时，其对应的行星齿轮架与壳体可相对运动，差速器的两个第二太阳齿轮分别通过传动装置对应连接第一主轴或第二主轴，第一主轴和第二主轴分别连接一个车轮。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于新能源电动汽车的多个驱动装置耦合结构，其特征在于：所述的差速器包括所述两个第二太阳齿轮、两个与所述第二太阳齿轮相啮合的第二行星齿轮和所述侧面齿轮，两个行星齿轮安装于框架上，框架与侧面齿轮固定连接，侧面齿轮固定安装于与任意一个第二太阳齿轮固定连接的转轴上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于新能源电动汽车的多个驱动装置耦合结构，其特征在于：所述的第一驱动装置为大功率慢速电机，所述的第二驱动装置为中功率高速电机，所述的第三驱动装置为小功率高速电机，所述的第四驱动装置为汽车发动机。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种用于新能源电动汽车的多个驱动装置耦合结构，其特征在于：所述的大功率慢速电机的功率大于中功率高速电机的功率，所述的中功率高速电机的功率大于小功率高速电机的功率，所述的中功率高速电机和小功率高速电机的转速均大于大功率慢速电机的转速。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种用于新能源电动汽车的多个驱动装置耦合结构，其特征在于：所述的中功率高速电机、小功率高速电机、大功率慢速电机和汽车发动机均固定安装于壳体总成内，与差速器连接的第一主轴和第二主轴可旋转地与壳体总成连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于新能源电动汽车的多个驱动装置耦合结构，其特征在于：所述的第一驱动装置、第二驱动装置、第三驱动装置和第四驱动装置与四个第一太阳齿轮一一对应设置，第一驱动装置、第二驱动装置、第三驱动装置和第四驱动装置的动力输出轴分别与对应的第一太阳齿轮通过传动装置连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于新能源电动汽车的多个驱动装置耦合结构，其特征在于：差速器的一个第二太阳齿轮通过传动装置对应连接第一主轴，差速器的另一个第二太阳齿轮通过传动装置对应连接第二主轴。
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