WO2021052069A1

WO2021052069A1 - 3d printing device and method based on centrifugal atomization

Info

Publication number: WO2021052069A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/108610
Authority: WO
Inventors: 魏世忠; 毛丰; 欧黎明; 张程; 陈冲; 乔永枫; 徐流杰; 王晓东; 潘昆明; 李秀青; 熊美; 靳东亮
Original assignee: 河南科技大学
Priority date: 2019-09-18
Filing date: 2020-08-12
Publication date: 2021-03-25
Also published as: CN110605402B; CN110605402A; JP2022548571A; JP7185975B2

Abstract

A 3D printing device and method based on centrifugal atomization, the device comprising a smelting system, a cabin (3) having a sealed cavity, a turntable (20), a guide sleeve (18), and a three-dimensional motion platform having a molten metal receiving unit (7), and a control unit for controlling the three-dimensional motion platform. Metal raw materials enter the sealed cavity after being smelted, and are atomized and thrown out in the circumferential direction due to the rotation of the turntable; the atomized molten metal passing through spray gaps (24) in the guide sleeve adheres to the receiving unit of the three-dimensional motion platform; and the control unit controls the movement of the three-dimensional motion platform to change the position where the receiving unit receives the molten metal to form workpieces of different shapes. According to the 3D printing method based on centrifugal atomization, during the entire printing process, the metal raw materials are directly melted and atomized, and then stacked and solidified, and only by controlling the solidification speed of the metal raw materials, the internal structure of the output workpieces can be more dense and uniform, thus improving the production efficiency.

Description

A 3D printing device and method based on centrifugal atomization

Technical field

The invention relates to an additional manufacturing equipment, in particular to a 3D printing device and method based on centrifugal atomization.

Background technique

3D printing is a specific method of additive manufacturing that can manufacture workpieces with complex shapes. In the 3D printing process of metal workpieces, spherical metal powders are usually used as raw materials, and the spherical metal powders are irradiated by laser and electron beams. Melting melts the spherical metal powder into one body, and then cools the molten metal to form a solid workpiece. However, the rapid heating and rapid solidification of the powder during the rapid prototyping process will cause defects such as pores and cracks in the material, which will affect the quality of the produced parts and cause the parts to be scrapped. In addition, the cost of equipment development, operation and maintenance is high, and the material production efficiency is high. Low, which restricts the industrial application of 3D printing technology.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization, which is used to solve the problems of low workpiece quality, low material productivity, and high equipment cost existing in the existing 3D printing technology; at the same time, the present invention also provides a centrifugal atomization-based 3D printing device. 3D printing method.

In order to achieve the above objective, the technical solution of the 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization of the present invention is a 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization, including:

Smelting system, used to heat metal raw materials to a molten state;

The cabin body is connected with the discharge port of the smelting system, and the inside of the cabin body is a sealed cavity;

The turntable is set in the sealed cavity, directly below the discharge port of the smelting system, and is used to accept the molten metal that enters the sealed cavity from the smelting system. The turntable can melt the metal falling on the turntable body when it rotates. The liquid is atomized and thrown out in the circumferential direction;

The guide sleeve is fixed inside the sealed cavity and is sleeved on the outer circumference of the turntable to shield the circumference of the turntable. The guide sleeve is provided with at least one spray gap penetrating the barrel wall of the guide sleeve for atomization The molten metal is thrown out;

The three-dimensional motion platform has a motion output terminal in the sealed cavity, and a driving component that drives the motion output terminal to move;

The receiving unit is fixed on the action output end of the three-dimensional motion platform, and is used to receive the atomized molten metal sprayed from the spray gap;

The control unit is in control connection with the three-dimensional motion platform and controls the movement of the three-dimensional motion platform so that different positions of the receiving unit receive the atomized molten metal sprayed from the spray gap.

The beneficial effect of the 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization of the present invention is that the metal raw materials enter the sealed cavity after being smelted, and are centrifuged and atomized into atomized molten metal under the high-speed rotation of the turntable in the sealed cavity. When it rotates, it is thrown out toward the circumference of the turntable. Due to the shielding of the deflector sleeve, only the molten metal thrown to the spray gap can pass through the spray gap and form on the receiving unit of the three-dimensional motion platform. The control unit controls the three-dimensional movement. The movement of the platform changes the position where the receiving unit receives the molten metal, forming workpieces of different shapes; in the above-mentioned 3D printing process, the molten metal is directly atomized and printed after melting, and the atomized molten metal is on the receiving unit Merge and condense into a solid state, and with the change of the position of the receiving unit, the molten metal is gradually stacked to form a workpiece. During the entire printing process, the metal raw materials are melted and directly atomized, and then stacked and solidified. Only the metal raw materials need to be controlled. The solidification speed can make the internal structure of the produced workpiece more dense and uniform, which solves the problems of low quality of the produced workpiece and high equipment cost in the existing 3D technology.

Further, more than two spray slits are provided in the circumferential direction. The jetting gap allows the molten metal to have more ejection channels, and each jetting gap is equipped with a three-dimensional motion platform, which can print multiple workpieces at the same time, which helps to improve production efficiency.

Further, the lower part of the disk body of the turntable is fixed with a connecting shaft that is connected to the rotating motor in transmission, and the inside of the connecting shaft and the inside of the disk body of the turntable are provided with flow channels for circulating cooling medium. Set a flow channel on the disk body of the turntable and the connecting shaft for the cooling medium to circulate, cool the disk body, take away the heat of the molten metal on the disk body, and make the atomized molten metal in the process of being thrown out of flight In a semi-solid state, when the molten metal is thrown onto the receiving unit, the molten metal can be fused with each other and solidified in time, improving the production efficiency of the workpiece, and at the same time preventing the molten metal from fusing and flowing on the receiving unit. The droplets hinder the forming of the workpiece.

Further, the smelting system includes a closed box set above the cabin, a crucible for holding metal raw materials is fixed inside the box, a diversion tube for guiding the flow of the molten metal raw material is connected to the bottom of the crucible, and the diversion tube passes through The box body extends into the inside of the sealed cavity, and the discharge port of the smelting system is the nozzle of the draft tube in the inside of the sealed cavity. The smelting system is arranged above the cabin to facilitate the transportation of molten metal.

Further, the outside of the draft tube is provided with a heating structure to prevent the solidification of the molten metal. The heating structure can prevent the metal raw materials melted in the crucible from being re-solidified and block the draft tube; at the same time, it can also ensure that the temperature of the molten metal does not change drastically.

Further, the box body is provided with a box body air inlet for inert gas to enter. Setting the air inlet can fill the box with protective gas to prevent the metal raw materials from being oxidized during the heating process. At the same time, it can also control the pressure in the box to control the flow rate of the molten metal.

Further, a recovery container fixed inside the vacuum box is provided under the turntable, and the flow guide sleeve is fixed at the upper end of the recovery container. Since the atomized molten metal can only fly out from the spray gap, most of the molten metal is not used. A recovery container is set under the turntable to recover the unused molten metal for reuse, which helps to save raw materials.

The technical solution of the 3D printing method based on centrifugal atomization of the present invention is to melt the metal raw materials to form a molten metal, and the molten metal is atomized by centrifugal atomization, and the atomized molten metal rotates under the action of centrifugal force. The center is the center of the circle, and the sleeve is set with the rotation center as the axis, and the spray direction of the atomized molten metal is determined by the spray gap on the wall of the sleeve barrel, and it is set outside the spray gap The movable receiving unit receives the ejected molten metal, and the molten metal is stacked on the receiving unit to complete printing.

The beneficial effect of the 3D printing method based on centrifugal atomization of the present invention is that the metal raw materials are directly centrifuged and atomized after being smelted to form atomized molten metal, which is ejected in a fixed direction under the guidance of the ejection gap on the sleeve , Control the receiving unit to move and receive the molten metal, so that the molten metal is stacked on the receiving unit to form a workpiece. During the entire printing process, the metal raw materials are melted and directly atomized, and then stacked and solidified. The atomized molten metal The particles are small, so that the internal organization of the output workpiece is more uniform and dense, and the production efficiency is improved.

Further, in order to ensure that the molten metal flying from the spray gap has a constant solidification speed and a constant drop point on the receiving unit, as the molten metal on the receiving unit accumulates, adjust the receiving unit relative to the spray gap. The position keeps the spraying distance of the molten metal constant, and the precision of the produced workpiece is higher.

Further, the printing process is performed in a vacuum environment or an inert protective gas environment. Prevent the metal raw materials from oxidizing or other gases from polluting the metal raw materials, and ensure the quality of the output workpieces.

Description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the three-dimensional motion platform in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is a perspective schematic view of the guide sleeve in Fig. 1;

Figure 4 shows the arc-shaped centrifugal disc in Figure 1;

Figure 5 shows the conical centrifugal disk in Figure 1;

Among them: 1- turntable water inlet, 2- turntable water outlet, 3- cabin, 4- rotating motor, 5- cabin inflation port, 6-X sliding mechanism, 7-receiving unit, 8-Z sliding mechanism, 9-Y sliding mechanism, 90-output platform, 10-smelting furnace, 11-crucible, 12-stopper, 13-stopper holder, 14-box air inlet, 15-stopper control motor, 16-guide Flow tube preheating furnace, 17-drain tube, 18-drain sleeve, 19-cabin air extraction port, 20-turntable, 21-hollow shaft, 22-collecting container, 23-sealed cavity, 24-jet gap , 200-arc concave, 201-cooling cavity, 202-conical concave.

detailed description

The 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization of the present invention directly atomizes the metal raw materials after melting, and throws the atomized molten metal onto the receiving unit of the three-dimensional motion platform through the turntable, and controls the receiving position of the receiving unit Realize the forming of the workpiece, and improve the quality and production efficiency of the workpiece.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

An embodiment of a 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, includes a cabin 3 and a smelting system arranged above the cabin 3. The smelting system includes a closed box, in which a smelting furnace 10 is fixed, and a crucible 11 is arranged inside the smelting furnace 10. The smelting furnace 10 can heat the crucible 11 to melt the metal raw materials placed in the crucible 11 to form a liquid Molten metal.

The bottom of the crucible 11 is connected with a diversion tube 17, and the crucible 11 is also equipped with a stopper rod 12, the stopper rod 12 is fixed on the stopper rod holder 13 connected to the stopper rod control motor 15, and the forward or reverse rotation of the motor 15 is controlled by the stopper rod. Rotating the control stopper 12 moves up or down, which has the effect of controlling the communication or isolation between the crucible 11 and the draft tube 17.

The lower end of the draft tube 17 penetrates the box body and extends into the cabin body 3, so that the molten metal in the crucible 11 can flow into the cabin body 3. The mouth of the draft tube in the cabin body 3 forms a smelt The discharge port of the system. The box body is provided with a box body air inlet 14. The box body air inlet 14 is provided to fill the box body with inert gas, so that the entire box body is in an inert gas environment to prevent metal raw materials from oxidizing. In addition, it is also possible to control the pressure in the box by controlling the pressure of the inert gas in the box, thereby controlling the speed at which the molten metal enters the cabin 3.

The cabin 3 is provided with a turntable 20 for receiving the molten metal flowing out of the nozzle of the draft tube 17, the turntable 20 is directly below the draft tube 17, and the distance from the nozzle of the draft tube 7 to the disk surface of the turntable 20 is 10 ～30mm, the diameter of the turntable 20 is 35mm～80mm, the rotating speed of the turntable 20 can be adjusted in the range of 0-24000r/min, and the material of the turntable 20 can be copper alloy or special steel to meet the needs of high-speed and high-temperature working conditions. The high-speed rotation of the turntable 20 can atomize and throw the metal raw materials deposited on the surface of the disk. The diameter of the guide tube 17 is 4-8mm, which can effectively control the flow of the molten metal, and prevent the molten metal from accumulating on the surface of the turntable 20 due to the excessive flow of the molten metal, causing the molten metal to fail to mist smoothly The situation happened.

Since the inner diameter of the draft tube 17 is small, in order to prevent the molten metal from solidifying on the inner wall of the draft tube 17 and block the draft tube 17 when passing through the draft tube 17, a counter draft tube 17 is provided on the outside of the draft tube 17 17 A heating structure for heating, and the specific heating structure is a draft tube preheating furnace 16.

The lower part of the turntable 20 is connected to the rotating electric machine 4 through a connecting structure. In this embodiment, the connecting structure is a connecting shaft that is located at the lower part of the turntable 20 and extends along the axis of the turntable 20. The rotating electric machine 4 is fixed below the cabin body 3. The rotating motor 4 can drive the turntable 20 to rotate at a high speed, and the specific connecting shaft is a hollow shaft 21; the turntable 20 atomizes the molten metal on the turntable 20 by high-speed rotation, and throws it out around the turntable.

The turntable 20 is provided with a cooling inner cavity 201, which forms a flow chamber for the cooling medium to flow. The lower part of the turntable 20 is connected to the hollow shaft 21 by threads. The upper outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft 21 is provided with a connection with the turntable 20. In order to improve the sealing performance of the turntable 20 and the hollow shaft 21 with the external thread of the lower threaded connection, a sealing gasket is also provided at the connection between the two. The hollow shaft 21 has a shaft water inlet passage that penetrates the hollow shaft 21 in the axial direction. The shaft water inlet passage communicates with the flow chamber through a flow section for external cooling medium to flow into the flow chamber; the shaft wall of the hollow shaft is also provided with The rotating shaft water outlet channel surrounding the rotating shaft water inlet channel and penetrating the hollow shaft in the axial direction, the rotating shaft water outlet channel is communicated with the flow chamber through the flow section, for the cooling water in the flow chamber to flow out. The hollow structure of the hollow shaft and the flow chamber in the turntable together form a cooling medium circulating flow channel. The flow of the cooling medium transfers the heat from the molten metal to the turntable and helps the subsequent solidification of the molten metal. .

Since the hollow shaft 21 needs to rotate at a high speed, a rotary joint is provided at the lower end of the hollow shaft 21 to connect the lower end of the water inlet channel of the rotating shaft to the cooling water inlet of the turntable, and the water outlet of the rotating shaft is connected to the cooling water outlet of the turntable to ensure the circulation of the cooling medium.

The top of the cabin body 3 is provided with a cabin body suction port 19, which is connected with a vacuum device outside the cabin body, so that a sealed cavity 23 is formed in the cabin body, and the bottom of the cabin body 3 is provided with a cabin body inflation port 5. The cabin body 3 can be filled with inert gas through the cabin body charging port 5, so that the molten metal entering the cabin body 3 does not come into contact with the atmosphere, avoiding the possibility of oxidation and pollution caused by traditional processes, and reducing impurities content.

As shown in Figure 4, the top of the turntable 20 is provided with an arc-shaped recess 200. The bottom surface of the arc-shaped recess 200 forms the surface of the turntable 20. The radius of the arc-shaped recess is greater than the depth of the arc-shaped recess. When the molten metal is atomized And because the slope at the edge of the disc body is larger when being thrown out, a larger spray range can be formed when the thrown molten metal passes through the spray gap, and a larger size workpiece can be produced.

As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the lower part of the turntable 20 is also provided with a collection container 22 for collecting molten metal. The collection container 22 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the cabin. The hollow shaft 21 passes through the collection container 22 from the bottom and A bearing is installed between the collecting container 22 and the upper end of the collecting container 22 is connected with a diversion sleeve 18. The diversion sleeve 18 is arranged concentrically with the turntable 20. The diversion sleeve 18 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the turntable 20 to hold the turntable 20. The guide sleeve 18 is provided with a spray gap 24 penetrating the cylinder wall. The spray gap 24 extends in the vertical direction. When the turntable 20 rotates at a high speed, only the atomized metal melt facing the spray gap 24 can be used. Pass through the guide sleeve 18 and throw out to the outside. In the present embodiment, eight spray gaps 24 are uniformly provided on the flow guide sleeve 18, so that the atomized molten metal can be thrown out in eight directions. The molten metal blocked by the cylinder wall of the guide sleeve 10 flows into the collection container 22. The bottom of the collection container 22 is provided with an inverted cone-shaped blocking wall. The large end of the cone-shaped blocking wall and the bottom wall of the collection container 22 Connected, the hollow shaft 21 passes through the inverted cone-shaped blocking wall in the collecting container 22, as shown in the structure shown in Figure 1. The inverted cone-shaped blocking wall can collect the molten metal shielded by the deflector sleeve to improve the metal material Utilization rate.

In this embodiment, the 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization further includes a three-dimensional moving platform and a receiving unit 7, and the receiving unit 7 is facing the spray gap 24 to receive the atomized molten metal thrown from the spray gap 24. The three-dimensional motion platform includes an X-direction sliding mechanism 6 facing the spray gap 24 and sliding along the atomized molten metal throwing direction (that is, the radial direction of the turntable 20), and the direction along the rotation axis of the turntable 20. The sliding Z-direction sliding mechanism 8 and the Y-direction sliding mechanism 9, and the Y-direction sliding mechanism 9 can slide in a direction perpendicular to the X direction and the Z direction. In this embodiment, the fixed end of the X-direction sliding mechanism 6 is fixed on the bottom wall of the cabin, the fixed end of the Z-direction sliding mechanism 8 is set on the action output end of the X-direction sliding mechanism 6, and the fixed end of the Y-direction sliding mechanism 9 Installed on the action output end of the Z-direction sliding mechanism 8. The action output end of the Y-direction sliding mechanism 9 is used as the action output end of the entire three-dimensional motion platform. The action output end of the Y-shaped sliding mechanism has an output platform 90 and the receiving unit 7 is fixed. On the output platform 90 of the Y-direction sliding mechanism 9, the three-dimensional motion platform can drive the receiving unit 7 to move, so that different positions of the receiving unit 7 can receive molten metal. Specifically, the X-shaped sliding mechanism, the Y-direction sliding mechanism, and the Z-direction sliding mechanism included in the three-dimensional motion platform are all screw-nut mechanisms. Of course, other linear output mechanisms may also be used in other embodiments.

The Y-direction sliding mechanism 9 and the Z-direction sliding mechanism 8 can make the molten metal thrown out of the spray gap 24 fall on different positions of the receiving unit, and the X-direction sliding structure 6 can adjust the distance between the spray gap 24 and the receiving unit 7 , To ensure that the molten metal has a constant solidification rate and a constant drop point on the receiving unit, ensuring the quality of the workpiece.

Since there are eight jetting gaps 24, there are also eight corresponding three-dimensional motion platforms, which can process eight workpieces at the same time, which improves the efficiency of 3D printing. In addition, the eight three-dimensional motion platforms can be separately controlled through the control unit, so that the eight three-dimensional motion platforms can move according to different paths to form workpieces of different shapes.

When the 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization of the present invention is in use, it is implemented as follows:

(1) First add the metal raw materials to be melted into the crucible 11, adjust the position of the stopper 12 to make the crucible 11 and the draft tube 17 in a connected state, and pre-evacuate the cabin 3 through the cabin air outlet 19 5Pa, after pre-evacuating, open the cabin body charging port 5 to pass a small amount of argon gas into the cabin body 3, and then re-evacuate until the pressure of the sealed cavity 23 is about 1 kPa.

(2) The crucible 11 and the draft tube 17 are isolated by adjusting the position of the stopper rod 12, and the power supply of the melting furnace 10 is turned on to start the melting of the metal raw materials. At the same time, the power of the draft tube preheating furnace 16 is turned on, and the draft tube 17 is preheated to 300°C to 600°C.

(3) Open the air inlet 14 of the box body, and add argon gas to pressurize the box body so that the pressure of the box body is controlled at about 120 kPa ~ 170 kPa to ensure that the molten metal material can flow out at a nearly constant speed. Tube 17, so that the bet of metal raw materials can be continuously compensated.

(4) When the superheat of the molten metal reaches 150-300℃, keep it for 10-15 minutes to ensure that there are no unmelted alloy elements or high-temperature compounds that may be formed in the molten metal and prevent the fluidity of the molten metal from being affected. .

(5) Turn on the power of the rotating motor 4, adjust the turntable 20 to 6000～18000r/min, pass in circulating water for cooling, adjust the water flow to 0.3～1t/h; at the same time, set the movement trajectory of each three-dimensional motion platform And the movement speed, realize the independent movement of each three-dimensional movement platform, and finally obtain eight required parts.

(6) By adjusting the position of the stopper rod 12, the crucible 11 and the draft tube 17 are in a connected state, and the molten metal is poured from the draft tube 17 onto the high-speed rotating turntable 20, where the discharge port of the draft tube 17 reaches the turntable The distance of 20 is 2-5mm. With the help of centrifugal force, the metal liquid is atomized into fine droplets, and the turntable 20 throws the metal droplets out 360°.

(7) The molten metal thrown out by the jet gap 24 of the guide sleeve 18 is stacked on the receiving unit 7. The control system controls the movement of the three-dimensional motion platform according to a preset program, and the remaining molten metal moves along the annular sleeve 18. The inner wall flows into the conical metal collector 22 connected with the annular sleeve 18, and it can be added to the melting chamber to be smelted again to prepare metal parts when the same metal is smelted next time.

(8) By adjusting the process parameters such as the rotating speed of the turntable 20, the molten metal superheat degree, the molten metal flow, the cooling water flow, the movement speed of the three-dimensional motion platform, etc., complex parts with different shapes are formed.

Among the eight three-dimensional motion platforms in this embodiment, two of them are used to form cylindrical workpieces. The control system controls the three-dimensional motion platform from one point, and the Y-direction sliding mechanism 9 and the Z-direction sliding mechanism 8 control the receiving unit to be circular. The trajectory moves, the radius of the circle increases from 0mm to 15mm, and then gradually decreases from 15mm to 0mm. At the same time, the X-direction sliding mechanism 6 is controlled to keep the distance of the receiving unit receiving the molten metal at a constant value, so that the molten metal The flying distance remains unchanged. When the height of the cylinder reaches 5mm, two cylinders with a height of 5mm and a radius of 15mm are obtained.

Two are used to form equilateral triangle workpieces, the control system controls the three-dimensional motion platform from one point, the Y-direction sliding mechanism 9 and the Z-direction sliding mechanism 8 control the receiving unit to move with the equilateral triangle as the trajectory, and the side length of the equilateral triangle is determined by 0mm is increased to 20mm, and then gradually reduced from 20mm to 0mm. At the same time, the X-direction sliding mechanism 6 is controlled to keep the distance of the receiving unit receiving the molten metal at a constant value, so that the flying distance of the molten metal remains unchanged. When the thickness of the side triangle reaches 5mm, two equilateral triangle workpieces with a thickness of 5mm and a side length of 20mm are obtained.

Two are used to form square workpieces. The control system controls the three-dimensional motion platform from one point. The Y-direction sliding mechanism 9 and the Z-direction sliding mechanism 8 control the receiving unit to move on a square track. The side length of the square is increased from 0mm to 25mm, and then Gradually reduce from 20mm to 0mm, and control the X-direction sliding mechanism 6 to keep the distance of the receiving unit receiving the molten metal at a constant value, so that the flying distance of the molten metal remains unchanged. When the thickness of the square reaches 5mm , Get two square workpieces with a thickness of 5mm and a side length of 20mm.

The other two are used to form rectangular workpieces. The control system controls the three-dimensional motion platform from one point. The Y-direction sliding mechanism 9 and Z-direction sliding mechanism 8 control the receiving unit to move along the rectangle as the trajectory. The length of the rectangle is increased from 0mm to 25mm and width. Increased from 0mm to 15mm, and then reduced from a rectangle with a length of 25mm and a width of 15mm to the starting point. At the same time, the X-direction sliding mechanism 6 is controlled to keep the distance of the receiving unit receiving the molten metal at a constant value. The flying distance remains unchanged. When the thickness of the rectangle reaches 5mm, two rectangular workpieces with a thickness of 5mm, a length of 25mm, and a width of 15mm are obtained.

In the embodiment of the 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization of the present invention, the metal raw materials are melted and then atomized, and then thrown out to the receiving unit, and the workpiece is formed under the action of the three-dimensional motion platform. Because the three-dimensional motion platform is provided with multiple , Can generate multiple workpieces at the same time, improve production efficiency; under the control of the control system, the motion trajectory of each three-dimensional motion platform can also be different, can generate workpieces of different shapes, and realize the multi-mode output of the printing device.

In other embodiments, only one jetting gap may be provided, and correspondingly, only a three-dimensional motion platform may be provided; or more jetting gaps may be provided according to the types of workpieces to be produced to meet different numbers and types of production requirements. Of course, when more than two jetting gaps are provided, the motion trajectory of each three-dimensional motion platform can also be the same to realize mass production of the same kind of workpiece.

In other embodiments, the disc surface of the turntable may also be an inverted cone. As shown in FIG. 5, the upper surface of the turntable 20 is provided with a tapered recess 202. At this time, the height of the atomized molten metal will be reduced accordingly. , But the receiving position of the receiving unit to receive the molten metal is easier to judge. Or in other embodiments, the disk surface of the turntable may also be a flat plate.

In other embodiments, the outside of the draft tube may not be provided with a heating structure, but the superheat of the molten metal is increased to prevent the molten metal from solidifying in the draft tube.

In other embodiments, the air inlet of the box may not be provided, but an exhaust port is provided on the box. As the metal raw materials in the smelting device melt and the temperature in the box increases, the gas in the box can be Exhaust the box body reduces the gas in the box body and helps to improve the quality of metal raw materials.

In other embodiments, the recovery container may not be provided, but the bottom of the cabin body may be provided as an inverted cone or inclined sloping plate to facilitate the gathering and collection of metal materials.

In other embodiments, the diversion sleeve may also extend to the bottom plate of the cabin body, and in this case, the diversion sleeve itself forms a collection container.

In the embodiment of the 3D printing method based on centrifugal atomization of the present invention, the metal raw materials are melted to form a metal melt, the metal melt is atomized by centrifugal atomization, and the atomized metal melt is followed by centrifugal force. The rotation center is the center of the circle, and the sleeve is set with the rotation center as the center. The spraying direction of the atomized molten metal is determined by the spraying gap on the sleeve barrel wall, and the spraying gap is movable outside the spraying gap. The receiving unit receives the ejected molten metal, and the molten metal is stacked on the receiving unit to complete printing. The 3D printing device that implements this method has the same structure as the 3D printing device in the above embodiment of the 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization, and will not be repeated here.

After smelting, the metal raw materials are directly centrifugally atomized to form atomized molten metal, which is sprayed in a fixed direction under the guidance of the spray gap, and the receiving unit is controlled to move and receive the molten metal, so that the molten metal is stacked on the receiving unit to form Workpieces, during the entire printing process, the metal raw materials are melted and then directly atomized, and then stacked and solidified. The particles of the atomized metal melt are small, which makes the internal structure of the produced workpiece more uniform and dense, and improves the output of the workpiece the quality of.

The entire printing process is carried out in a vacuum environment to prevent the metal raw materials from being oxidized or other gases from polluting the metal raw materials, and to ensure the quality of the output workpieces. In other embodiments, the entire printing process can also be performed in an inert protective gas environment.

Claims

A 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization, which is characterized in that it comprises:

Smelting system, used to heat metal raw materials to a molten state;

The cabin body is connected with the discharge port of the smelting system, and the inside of the cabin body is a sealed cavity;

The turntable is set in the sealed cavity, directly below the discharge port of the smelting system, and is used to accept the molten metal that enters the sealed cavity from the smelting system. The turntable can melt the metal falling on the turntable body when it rotates. The liquid is atomized and thrown out in the circumferential direction;

The guide sleeve is fixed inside the sealed cavity and is sleeved on the outer circumference of the turntable to shield the circumference of the turntable. The guide sleeve is provided with at least one spray gap penetrating the barrel wall of the guide sleeve for atomization The molten metal is thrown out;

The three-dimensional motion platform has a motion output terminal in the sealed cavity, and a driving component that drives the motion output terminal to move;

The receiving unit is fixed on the action output end of the three-dimensional motion platform, and is used to receive the atomized molten metal sprayed from the spray gap;

The control unit is in control connection with the three-dimensional motion platform and controls the movement of the three-dimensional motion platform so that different positions of the receiving unit receive the atomized molten metal sprayed from the spray gap.
The 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization according to claim 1, wherein more than two jetting slits are provided along the circumferential direction.
The 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization according to claim 1, wherein the lower part of the disc body of the turntable is fixed with a connecting shaft that is connected to the rotating motor, and the inside of the connecting shaft and the inside of the disc body of the turntable are provided with Runners through which the cooling medium circulates.
The 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein the smelting system comprises a closed box arranged above the cabin, and the inside of the box is fixed with a metal raw material Crucible, the bottom of the crucible is connected with a diversion tube that guides the flow of molten metal raw materials. The diversion tube penetrates the box and extends into the inside of the sealed cavity. The discharge port of the smelting system is the diversion tube and is located inside the sealed cavity.的管口。 The nozzle.
The 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization according to claim 4, wherein the outside of the draft tube is provided with a heating structure to prevent the solidification of the molten metal.
The 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization according to claim 4, wherein the box body is provided with a box body air inlet for inert gas to enter.
The 3D printing device based on centrifugal atomization according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein a recovery container fixed inside the cabin is provided under the turntable, and the diversion sleeve is fixed to the recovery container The upper end.
A 3D printing method based on centrifugal atomization, which is characterized in that the metal material is melted to form a metal melt, the metal melt is atomized by centrifugal atomization, and the atomized metal melt is centered by rotation under the action of centrifugal force. For the center of the circle to be thrown out in the circumferential direction, a sleeve with the center of rotation as the axis is set, and the spray direction of the atomized molten metal is determined by the spray gap on the sleeve barrel wall, and the spray gap can be set outside the spray gap. The moving receiving unit receives the ejected molten metal, and the molten metal is stacked on the receiving unit to complete printing.
The 3D printing method based on centrifugal atomization according to claim 8, characterized in that, as the molten metal on the receiving unit is accumulated, the position of the receiving unit relative to the spray gap is adjusted to keep the spray distance of the molten metal constant.
The 3D printing method based on centrifugal atomization according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the printing process is performed in a vacuum environment or an inert protective gas environment.