CN112317760B - Sintering method and sintering device for 3DP printing piece - Google Patents
Sintering method and sintering device for 3DP printing piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN112317760B CN112317760B CN202011277880.9A CN202011277880A CN112317760B CN 112317760 B CN112317760 B CN 112317760B CN 202011277880 A CN202011277880 A CN 202011277880A CN 112317760 B CN112317760 B CN 112317760B
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 198
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
- B22F3/1021—Removal of binder or filler
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a sintering method and a sintering device for a 3DP printing part, wherein the sintering method for the 3DP printing part comprises the following steps: heating the temperature in the sintering cavity to a first preset temperature; closing the discharge hole, feeding the first heat-preserving piece and the printing piece into the sintering cavity, enabling the first heat-preserving piece to be arranged close to the discharge hole relative to the printing piece, and then heating the temperature in the sintering cavity to a second preset temperature so as to degrease the printing piece; feeding the second heat-insulating part into the sintering cavity, arranging the second heat-insulating part close to the feed inlet relative to the printing part, closing the feed inlet, and heating the temperature in the sintering cavity to a third preset temperature to sinter the printing part; and feeding the printed piece after the sintering treatment into a cooling cavity for cooling treatment. The printing piece is positioned between the first heat-insulating piece and the second heat-insulating piece during sintering, so that the temperature around the printing piece tends to be average during sintering, the printing piece is prevented from deforming due to thermal stress caused by temperature difference, and the size precision of the printing piece is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of workpiece sintering, in particular to a sintering method and a sintering device for a 3DP printing part.
Background
With the continuous acceleration of industrialization, 3DP (Three Dimensional Printing, three-dimensional powder bonding) printing technology is increasingly used in part forming. The printed part produced by the 3DP printing technology is a part green body, and the use requirements can be met only by degreasing and sintering processes. In the sintering process of the printing piece, the problem of lower dimensional accuracy exists.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, it is necessary to provide a sintering method and a sintering apparatus for a 3DP printed material, which solve the problem of low dimensional accuracy.
The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, a method for sintering a 3DP printed article is provided, comprising the steps of:
s100, opening a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and heating the temperature in the sintering cavity to a first preset temperature;
s200, closing the discharge hole, feeding a first heat preservation piece and a printing piece into the sintering cavity, enabling the first heat preservation piece to be arranged close to the discharge hole relative to the printing piece, and then heating the temperature in the sintering cavity to a second preset temperature to degrease the printing piece, wherein the second preset temperature is higher than the first preset temperature;
s300, feeding a second heat-insulating part into the sintering cavity, enabling the second heat-insulating part to be arranged close to the feed inlet relative to the printing part, closing the feed inlet, and heating the temperature in the sintering cavity to a third preset temperature so as to sinter the printing part, wherein the third preset temperature is higher than the second preset temperature;
and S400, conveying the printing piece after the sintering treatment into a cooling cavity for cooling treatment to obtain a finished product.
The technical scheme is further described as follows:
in one embodiment, in step S100, it includes: s110, opening a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, introducing protective gas into the sintering cavity, discharging air in the sintering cavity, and heating the temperature in the sintering cavity to a first preset temperature.
In one embodiment, in step S200, further includes: and S210, igniting at the feed inlet, and burning and recycling the gas generated in the degreasing treatment process.
In one aspect, a 3DP print sintering apparatus is provided, comprising:
a first heat retaining member;
a second insulating member;
the sintering furnace body is provided with a sintering cavity and a feed inlet communicated with the sintering cavity;
the cooling body is arranged on one side of the sintering furnace body and far away from the feeding port, the cooling body is provided with a cooling cavity communicated with the sintering cavity and a discharging port communicated with the cooling cavity, and the discharging port is far away from the sintering furnace body;
the pushing mechanism is arranged corresponding to the feeding hole and is used for conveying the first heat-preserving piece, the printing piece and the second heat-preserving piece into the sintering cavity from the outside and conveying the printing piece into the cooling cavity from the sintering cavity;
and the temperature control component is used for adjusting the temperature in the sintering cavity.
In one embodiment, the 3DP print sintering device further comprises a gas supply assembly for supplying a shielding gas into the sintering chamber and the cooling chamber.
In one embodiment, the gas supply assembly includes a gas pipe, at least two gas storage elements for storing at least two kinds of shielding gas, at least two gas storage elements for communicating at least two gas storage elements with the sintering chamber, and a switching valve for communicating or stopping at least one gas storage element with the sintering chamber.
In one embodiment, the 3DP print sintering device further comprises an ignition element and an exhaust gas recovery element, the ignition element is disposed corresponding to the feed inlet, and an air inlet of the exhaust gas recovery element is disposed toward the feed inlet.
In one embodiment, the 3DP printing piece sintering device further comprises a material containing piece, wherein the material containing piece is used for containing the first heat insulating piece, the second heat insulating piece and the printing piece, and the material containing piece is in one-to-one correspondence with the first heat insulating piece Wen Jian, the second heat insulating piece and the printing piece.
In one embodiment, the operating speed of the pushing mechanism is adjustable.
In one embodiment, the cooling body comprises an inner shell and an outer shell, the inner shell is provided with the cooling cavity, the outer shell is provided with the accommodating cavity, the inner shell is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the outer wall of the inner shell and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity are arranged at opposite intervals to form the water storage cavity.
The sintering method and the sintering device for the 3DP printing part of the above embodiments have at least the following advantages: 1. the printed piece is positioned between the first heat-insulating piece and the second heat-insulating piece during sintering, so that the temperature around the printed piece tends to be average during sintering, the printed piece is prevented from deforming due to thermal stress caused by temperature difference, the size precision of the printed piece is ensured, the defects of cracks and the like of the printed piece can be avoided, and the production quality of the printed piece is ensured; 2. the degreasing treatment and the sintering treatment are carried out in the sintering cavity of the sintering furnace body, and the sintering furnace body for sintering is arranged adjacent to the cooling body for cooling, so that the connection between the working procedures is more compact, the equipment is more compact, the occupied volume is reduced, the moving distance of the printing part is shortened, the risk of deformation of the printing part in the moving process is reduced, and the dimensional accuracy is ensured; 3. protective gas is introduced in the preheating, degreasing treatment, sintering and cooling processes, so that the printed part is prevented from being oxidized by air, and the product quality is ensured; 4. can supply the shielding gas of different volumes and proportions according to the characteristics of the printing piece of different materials, the commonality is strong with the variety.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a 3DP print sintering method of one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a 3DP print sintering apparatus according to one embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a structure of a sintering furnace body of the 3DP printing part sintering device of fig. 2.
Reference numerals illustrate:
10. the 3DP prints piece sintering device 100, first heat preservation piece, 200, second heat preservation piece, 300, sintering furnace body, 310, sintering chamber, 320, feed inlet, 400, cooling body, 410, cooling chamber, 420, discharge gate, 430, inner shell, 440, outer shell, 450, retaining chamber, 500, pushing equipment, 510, blowing platform, 600, holding piece, 700, heating rod, 800, waste gas recovery element, 1000, printing piece.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, whereby the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment, there is provided a 3DP print sintering method including the steps of:
s100, opening the feed inlet 320 and the discharge outlet 420, and heating the temperature in the sintering cavity 310 to a first preset temperature. In this way, the temperature in the sintering chamber 310 of the sintering furnace 300 is raised to the first preset temperature by using the temperature control component, so that the preheating of the sintering chamber 310 is completed and preparation is made for the subsequent degreasing treatment. Meanwhile, the sintering furnace body 300 is preheated in advance, so that time is saved, and the processing efficiency of the printing piece 1000 is improved. The first preset temperature may be a fixed temperature value, such as 600 ℃ and 650 ℃, or a temperature range, such as 600 ℃ to 680 ℃.
It should be noted that, when the feeding port 320 and the discharging port 420 are opened, corresponding door structures such as a furnace door and the like can be correspondingly arranged at the feeding port 320 and the discharging port 420, and the door structures such as the furnace door and the like are opened and closed in an automatic or manual mode, so that the feeding port 320 and the discharging port 420 are more practical, and sintering requirements are flexibly selected to be opened or closed. The sintering furnace 300 may have a muffle structure.
Further, in step S100, after the feeding port 320 and the discharging port 420 are opened, a gas supply assembly (not shown) may be used to introduce a protective gas into the sintering chamber 310, and the protective gas is used to fill the entire sintering chamber 310 so as to discharge the air in the sintering chamber 310, and the temperature in the sintering chamber 310 is synchronously raised to a first preset temperature. In this way, the air in the sintering chamber 310 is exhausted by the protective gas, so that the interference of the air to the subsequent degreasing treatment and sintering treatment of the printed piece 1000, such as oxidation of the printed piece 1000, is avoided, and the processing quality of the printed piece 1000 is ensured. Because the sintering cavity 310 is communicated with the cooling cavity, after the gas supply assembly introduces the protective gas into the sintering cavity 310, the protective gas can be diffused into the cooling cavity, and the air in the cooling cavity can be discharged, so that the interference of the air to the printed piece 1000 in the subsequent cooling process is avoided.
Furthermore, the air supply assembly can flexibly select a proper kind or proportion of shielding gas to supply into the sintering cavity 310 according to the material of the printing piece 1000, so that the printing pieces 1000 with different materials can be degreased and sintered in the sintering cavity 310 of the same sintering furnace body 300, and the universality is strong; meanwhile, the printing piece 1000 made of different materials can be effectively protected, and the processing quality is guaranteed. For example, when the printing member 1000 is made of carbon steel or stainless steel, 70% of the endothermic gas, 20% of the decomposed ammonia gas, 5% of the exothermic gas and 5% of H can be selected 2 、N 2 And vacuum as a shielding gas.
Specifically, the air supply assembly includes an air delivery pipe (not shown), at least two air storage elements (not shown), and a switching valve (not shown). The gas transmission pipeline is used for communicating the at least two gas storage elements with the sintering cavity 310, and the switching valve is used for communicating or stopping the at least one gas storage element with the sintering cavity 310. In this way, by switching the switching valve, different gas storage elements are communicated with the sintering cavity 310, and then different shielding gases enter the sintering cavity 310. The number of the gas pipelines and the switching valves can be at least two, and the gas pipelines, the gas storage elements and the switching valves can be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The gas storage element may be a gas storage tank, a gas cylinder or other existing element capable of storing gas. The switching valve can be a solenoid valve or other existing components capable of controlling the on and off of the pipeline. Of course, the switching valve may be controlled by an external control panel or may be manually operated.
Further, the gas supply assembly further includes a flow rate detecting element (not shown) electrically connected to the switching valve, and the flow rate detecting element is configured to detect a flow rate of gas in the gas pipeline. In this way, the flow detection element can be used to detect the flow of the corresponding shielding gas, so that the supply amount and the proportion relation of the shielding gas can be accurately controlled and recorded, the reasonable volume of the shielding gas supplied into the sintering cavity 310 is ensured, the proper proportion among different shielding gases is ensured, and the requirements of the printing piece 1000 made of different materials are met. The flow detection element may be a flow sensor provided on the inner wall of the gas pipeline or other existing elements capable of detecting the flow of gas.
Of course, after the shielding gas is introduced into the sintering chamber 310, the pressure in the sintering chamber 310 can be detected by using a pressure detecting element (not shown) such as a pressure sensor, and when the detected pressure exceeds the preset pressure value, an alarm can be triggered to ensure that the pressure in the sintering chamber 310 is in the normal working range.
S200, closing the discharge hole 420, feeding the first heat preservation part 100 and the printing part 1000 into the sintering cavity 310 by using the pushing mechanism 500, enabling the first heat preservation part 100 to be arranged close to the discharge hole 420 relative to the printing part 1000, and heating the temperature in the sintering cavity 310 to a second preset temperature by using the temperature control assembly under the protection of protective gas so as to degrease the printing part 1000, wherein the second preset temperature is higher than the first preset temperature. In this way, the raw materials such as the binder in the printing member 1000 overflows and is discharged from the feed inlet 320 under the second preset temperature environment, so as to be ready for subsequent sintering. The second preset temperature may be a fixed temperature value, such as 700 deg.c and 750 deg.c, or a temperature range, such as 700 deg.c-780 deg.c.
Further, in step S200, the method further includes S210, igniting at the feed inlet 320, and burning and recovering the gas generated during the degreasing process. In this way, the gas flowing out from the feed port 320 is ignited by the ignition element (not shown) provided in correspondence with the feed port 320, and the burned exhaust gas is recovered by the exhaust gas recovery element 800 provided toward the feed port 320, thereby avoiding pollution to the environment. The ignition element can be arranged on the furnace door, and the ignition element can be an element capable of igniting combustible gas, such as a spark plug; the offgas recycling unit 800 may be a hood provided corresponding to the feed inlet 320, and the offgas may be sucked and collected using the hood, and the hood may be provided above the feed inlet 320. Similarly, an ignition element and an exhaust gas recovery element 800 may be provided at the discharge port 420, so that the gas can be ignited and the exhaust gas can be recovered.
The pushing mechanism 500 may be in the form of a push rod or a push shaft running in a hydraulic or pneumatic mode, and pushes the first heat-preserving member 100 and the printing member 1000 into the sintering cavity 310 from the feeding port 320 in a pushing mode, so that scratch with the inner wall of the sintering cavity 310 can be avoided, and the shape and the dimensional accuracy of the printing member 1000 are ensured. The first heat-preserving member 100 may be a heat-preserving block or a heat-preserving sheet formed by laminating and compressing a blanket containing zirconium fiber, and heat dissipation from the side of the discharge port 420 can be reduced by using the first heat-preserving member 100.
As shown in fig. 2, further, when the pushing mechanism 500 pushes the first thermal insulation element 100 and the printing element 1000 into the sintering cavity 310 from the feeding hole 320, the material containing element 600 can be placed below the first thermal insulation element 100 and the printing element 1000, the material containing element 600 is used for containing the first thermal insulation element 100 and the printing element 1000, the pushing mechanism 500 can send the first thermal insulation element 100 and the printing element 1000 into the sintering cavity 310 only by pushing the material containing element 600, mechanical abrasion is avoided in the pushing process of the printing element 1000, and dimensional accuracy of the printing element 1000 is ensured. The material containing member 600 is preferably a zircon powder boat, which saves cost by utilizing the low price of the zircon powder boat, and the chemical property of the material tray in the high temperature environment is stable, and the mechanical property and composition of the printed member 1000 are not affected by the reaction with the printed member 1000. In addition, the outline shape of the material containing member 600 can be adaptively adjusted and designed according to different contained articles, so that the articles can be stably contained.
In addition, the running speed of the pushing mechanism 500 can be flexibly adjusted or controlled according to the actual use requirement. For example, the pushing mechanism 500 has a slower running speed when pushing the first thermal insulation element 100 and the printing element 1000 into the sintering cavity 310 from the feeding port 320, so that the first thermal insulation element 100 and the printing element 1000 can stably enter the sintering cavity 310, and deformation of the printing element 1000 is avoided, so that dimensional accuracy is influenced; when the pushing mechanism 500 pushes materials, the operation speed in the process of resetting from the sintering cavity 310 is high, so that the temperature in the sintering cavity 310 can be quickly raised, the exposure time of the pushing mechanism 500 in a high-temperature environment can be reduced, and the service life of the pushing mechanism 500 can be prolonged. The control of the running speed of the push rod mechanism can be realized by the control of a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller ), a singlechip, a control circuit board or other existing elements with control functions; and the control, monitoring, inquiry and recording can be performed by combining with man-machine interface interaction software, so that the degree of automation is improved, and the processing efficiency is ensured.
S300, after degreasing treatment is completed, the second heat-insulating member 200 is sent into the sintering cavity 310 by using the pushing mechanism 500, so that the second heat-insulating member 200 is arranged close to the feed inlet 320 relative to the printing member 1000, and at this time, the printing member 1000 is positioned between the first heat-insulating member 100 and the second heat-insulating member 200; the feed inlet 320 is closed again, and the temperature in the sintering chamber 310 is raised to a third preset temperature by using the temperature control component to sinter the printed piece 1000, wherein the third preset temperature is higher than the second preset temperature. Thus, when the printing piece 1000 is sintered in the sintering cavity 310, the first heat preservation piece 100 and the second heat preservation piece 200 are respectively arranged on two sides of the printing piece 1000, so that heat loss in the sintering process can be reduced, the temperature around the printing piece 1000 in the heating process is ensured to be average, the printing piece 1000 is prevented from being deformed due to thermal stress caused by temperature difference, the size precision of the printing piece 1000 is ensured, defects such as cracks generated by the printing piece 1000 can be avoided, and the production quality of the printing piece 1000 is ensured. The third preset temperature may be a fixed temperature value, such as 1300 ℃ and 1350 ℃, or a temperature range, such as 1300 ℃ to 1400 ℃.
Similarly, the second heat-insulating member 200 can be pushed into the sintering chamber 310 by the pushing mechanism 500; as shown in fig. 2, a material containing piece 600 may be placed under the second heat insulating piece 200, and the material containing piece 600 is used to contain the second heat insulating piece 200, so that the material pushing mechanism 500 only needs to push the material containing piece 600 to send the second heat insulating piece 200 into the sintering cavity 310, thereby avoiding mechanical abrasion during the pushing process of the second heat insulating piece 200; the second heat insulating member 200 may be a heat insulating block or a heat insulating sheet formed by laminating and compressing a blanket containing zirconium fiber, and heat can be reduced from being emitted from the side where the inlet 320 is located by using the second heat insulating member 200.
And S400, conveying the printing piece 1000 after the sintering treatment into a cooling cavity 410 communicated with the sintering cavity 310 for cooling treatment, and obtaining a finished product. In this way, the feeding hole 320 can be opened, the first heat-preserving member 100 and the printing member 1000 are pushed into the cooling cavity 410 of the cooling body 400 from the sintering cavity 310 by the pushing mechanism 500 to cool, and the cooled printing member 1000 is a finished product, and the finished product can be taken out only by opening the discharging hole 420. In addition, during the cooling process, the protective gas is continuously introduced into the cooling cavity 410, so that the oxidation of the printed piece 1000 during the cooling process is avoided, and the product quality is protected.
The cooling system in the cooling body 400 is preferably a water-cooling system, and the cooling speed is high, so that the print 1000 is not disturbed. As shown in fig. 2, specifically, the cooling body 400 includes an inner housing 430 and an outer housing 440, the inner housing 430 is provided with a cooling cavity 410, the outer housing 440 is provided with a receiving cavity, the inner housing 430 is disposed in the receiving cavity, and an outer wall of the inner housing 430 and an inner wall of the receiving cavity are disposed at opposite intervals to form a water storage cavity 450. In this way, the pushing mechanism 500 is utilized to push the first heat preservation member 100 and the printing member 1000 into the cooling cavity 410 of the inner shell 430 together from the sintering cavity 310, the water in the water storage cavity 450 surrounding the inner shell 430 is utilized to realize rapid cooling of the printing member 1000, and the cooling effect outside the inner shell 430 is also consistent, so that the organization structure of the cooled printing member 1000 can be ensured to be more uniform, the product quality is good, the size is relatively even and uniform, and the size precision is high. Wherein the water in the water storage chamber 450 preferably takes the form of a bottom-up injection.
Of course, cooling elements such as cooling water pipes can be additionally arranged on the outer side wall of the sintering furnace body 300, and the cooling elements can be utilized to quickly drive the heat radiated to the outside of the sintering furnace body 300, so that the temperature influence on the surrounding environment is reduced, the sintering environment can be improved, and the construction environment of an operator can be improved.
In addition, in order to facilitate the on-site or remote control of the movement of the pushing mechanism 500, the temperature adjustment of the temperature control component, the opening and closing of the switching valve, the ignition of the ignition element and the like, the PLC automatic equipment can be adopted to collect, process and alarm linkage and control on-site signals, and then the man-machine interface monitoring software is combined, so that the functions of remote control, alarm monitoring, historical trend curve inquiry, report output and the like of the sintering treatment process of the printing part 1000 can be realized, errors caused by manual operation can be effectively reduced in a higher degree of automation, and meanwhile, the sintering efficiency is improved. Particularly, aiming at the temperature control component, the PLC automatic equipment can adopt a silicon controlled rectifier phase-shifting triggering constant-current voltage regulation mode, so that voltage impact on a heating rod in the regulation and control process is reduced, and the silicon controlled rectifier voltage regulation controller can integrate a control circuit, a main circuit, a protection circuit and a feedback circuit; the soft-start and soft-turn-off circuit has the functions of soft start, soft turn-off, constant current, current limiting, phase-failure protection, overcurrent protection, overheat protection and the like. The PLC automatic equipment can comprise two sets of operating systems, can be directly input through a man-machine, can be operated through a panel, can ensure automation, high precision and high efficiency, and can adjust technological parameters at any time according to experimental requirements. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the safety of data and prevent the loss of important data caused by misoperation, a human-computer interface is provided with login authority management, and the important process data or parameters are modified to meet the requirement of authorization authority.
The sintering method of the 3DP printing piece 1000 of the above embodiment has at least the following advantages: 1. the printing piece 1000 is positioned between the first heat preservation piece 100 and the second heat preservation piece 200 during sintering, so that the temperature around the printing piece 1000 tends to be average during sintering, the deformation of the printing piece 1000 caused by thermal stress due to temperature difference is avoided, the dimensional accuracy of the printing piece 1000 is ensured, defects such as cracks and the like of the printing piece 1000 can be avoided, and the production quality of the printing piece 1000 is ensured; 2. the degreasing treatment and the sintering treatment are carried out in the sintering cavity 310 of the sintering furnace body 300, and the sintering furnace body 300 for sintering is arranged adjacent to the cooling body 400 for cooling, so that the connection between the working procedures is more compact, the equipment is more compact, the occupied space is reduced, the moving distance of the printing piece 1000 is shortened, the risk of deformation of the printing piece 1000 in the moving process is reduced, and the dimensional accuracy is ensured; 3. protective gas is introduced in the preheating, degreasing treatment, sintering and cooling processes, so that the printed piece 1000 is prevented from being oxidized by air, and the product quality is ensured; 4. the protective gas with different volumes and proportions can be supplied according to the characteristics of the printing pieces 1000 with different materials, so that the universality and the diversity are strong.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in an embodiment, a 3DP printing part sintering device 10 is further provided, which includes a first heat insulation part 100, a second heat insulation part 200, a sintering furnace body 300, a cooling body 400, a pushing mechanism 500, and a temperature control component. Wherein, the sintering furnace body 300 is provided with a sintering cavity 310 and a feed inlet 320 communicated with the sintering cavity 310; the cooling body 400 is arranged at one side of the sintering furnace body 300 and far away from the feeding port 320, the cooling body 400 is provided with a cooling cavity 410 communicated with the sintering cavity 310 and a discharging port 420 communicated with the cooling cavity 410, and the discharging port 420 is far away from the sintering furnace body 300; the pushing mechanism 500 is disposed corresponding to the feeding port 320, and the pushing mechanism 500 is used for feeding the first thermal insulation member 100, the printing member 1000, and the second thermal insulation member 200 into the sintering chamber 310 from the outside, and feeding the printing member 1000 into the cooling chamber 410 from the sintering chamber 310; the temperature control assembly is used to regulate the temperature within the sintering chamber 310.
When the 3DP printing part sintering device 10 of the above embodiment is used, the feed inlet 320 and the discharge outlet 420 are opened, the gas supply assembly is used to introduce the protective gas into the sintering cavity 310 of the sintering furnace body 300, the protective gas is used to fill the whole sintering cavity 310 so as to discharge the air in the sintering cavity 310, and the temperature control assembly is used to synchronously raise the temperature in the sintering cavity 310 to the first preset temperature; closing the discharge hole 420, feeding the first heat-preserving member 100 and the printing member 1000 into the sintering cavity 310 by using the pushing mechanism 500, enabling the first heat-preserving member 100 to be arranged close to the discharge hole 420 relative to the printing member 1000, and heating the temperature in the sintering cavity 310 to a second preset temperature by using the temperature control assembly under the protection of protective gas so as to perform degreasing treatment on the printing member 1000; after degreasing treatment is completed, the second heat-insulating member 200 is sent into the sintering cavity 310 by using the pushing mechanism 500, so that the second heat-insulating member 200 is arranged close to the feed inlet 320 relative to the printing member 1000, and at this time, the printing member 1000 is positioned between the first heat-insulating member 100 and the second heat-insulating member 200; closing the feed inlet 320, and heating the temperature in the sintering cavity 310 to a third preset temperature by using the temperature control component so as to sinter the printed piece 1000; the feeding hole 320 is opened, the first heat-preserving member 100 and the printing member 1000 are pushed into the cooling cavity 410 of the cooling body 400 from the sintering cavity 310 by the pushing mechanism 500 to be cooled, the cooled printing member 1000 is a finished product, and the finished product can be taken out only by opening the discharging hole 420.
The temperature control component may be any element or component such as a heating wire that can adjust the temperature in the sintering chamber 310 of the sintering furnace 300. As shown in fig. 2, specifically, the temperature control assembly includes heating rods 700 uniformly disposed above and below the sintering chamber 310, and temperature detection elements (not shown) disposed in the sintering chamber 310, and the temperature detection elements are electrically connected to the heating rods 700. The heating bars 700 are spaced apart to form chambers for placing the printing member 1000, the first heat insulating member 100, and the second heat insulating member 200. The heating rod 700 is preferably a silicon carbide rod, so that the heating efficiency is high, and the replacement cost is low; the temperature detection element is preferably an S-type thermocouple, has high response speed and high precision, and the control precision is within 0.1 ℃. During sintering treatment, the S-shaped thermocouple can accurately detect the temperature in the sintering cavity 310, the silicon carbide rods above and below the printing piece 1000 can be heated up rapidly, the first heat preservation piece 100 and the second heat preservation piece 200 distributed on the right side and the left side of the printing piece 1000 can prevent heat loss, the temperature around the printing piece 1000 can be ensured to be average, and larger temperature difference cannot exist, so that the printing piece 1000 is heated uniformly. Of course, heat preservation cotton can be arranged on the inner wall of the sintering cavity 310, heat dissipation can be effectively prevented, and the temperature distribution in the sintering cavity 310 can be further ensured to be uniform by combining the effects of the up-down uniform arrangement of the silicon carbide rods and the first heat preservation piece 100 and the second heat preservation piece 200, so that the average temperature difference in the sintering cavity 310 can be controlled at 2.5 ℃. The electrical connection can be realized by a wire connection mode such as a wire.
In order to adapt to degreasing and sintering of printing pieces 1000 with different sizes, the size of the sintering furnace body 300 can be flexibly designed and adjusted, for example, the width of the sintering cavity 310 can be 485mm, the clear height can be 310mm, and the degreasing and sintering requirements of the printing pieces 1000 with large volumes can be met. In addition, since the stability of the printed article 1000 after the degreasing process is poor, both the degreasing process and the sintering process are performed in the sintering chamber 310 without moving the printed article 1000, and mechanical friction and a reduction in dimensional accuracy caused during the movement process can be avoided. In addition, in order to facilitate the pushing mechanism 500 to feed the first heat preservation member 100, the printing member 1000, and the second heat preservation member 200 into the sintering chamber 310, a corresponding discharging platform 510 may be further disposed on a side of the sintering furnace 300 near the feeding port 320. Refractory bricks can be paved below the sintering furnace body 300, so that not only supporting force is provided, but also high temperature resistance is realized.
The 3DP printing piece sintering device 10 of the above-described embodiment is used for sintering test and actual production of the printing piece 1000.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The term "and/or" as used in this invention includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.
It will be further understood that when interpreting the connection or positional relationship of elements, although not explicitly described, the connection and positional relationship are to be interpreted as including the range of errors that should be within an acceptable range of deviations from the particular values as determined by those skilled in the art. For example, "about," "approximately," or "substantially" may mean within one or more standard deviations, and is not limited herein.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A 3DP print sintering device, comprising:
a first heat retaining member;
a second insulating member;
the sintering furnace body is provided with a sintering cavity and a feed inlet communicated with the sintering cavity;
the cooling body is arranged on one side of the sintering furnace body and far away from the feeding port, the cooling body is provided with a cooling cavity communicated with the sintering cavity and a discharging port communicated with the cooling cavity, and the discharging port is far away from the sintering furnace body;
the pushing mechanism is arranged corresponding to the feeding hole and is used for conveying the first heat-preserving piece, the printing piece and the second heat-preserving piece into the sintering cavity from the outside and conveying the printing piece into the cooling cavity from the sintering cavity;
the temperature control assembly is used for adjusting the temperature in the sintering cavity;
the gas supply assembly is used for supplying protective gas into the sintering cavity and the cooling cavity;
the material containing piece is used for containing the first heat preservation piece, the second heat preservation piece and the printing piece, and the material containing piece, the first heat preservation piece Wen Jian, the second heat preservation piece and the printing piece are arranged in one-to-one correspondence;
the ignition element is arranged corresponding to the feeding hole, and the air inlet of the waste gas recovery element is arranged towards the feeding hole.
2. The 3DP print sintering device according to claim 1, wherein the gas supply assembly comprises a gas pipe for storing at least two kinds of shielding gases, at least two gas storage elements for communicating at least two gas storage elements with the sintering chamber, and a switching valve for communicating or shutting off at least one gas storage element with the sintering chamber.
3. The 3DP print sintering device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the running speed of the pushing mechanism is adjustable.
4. The 3DP printing part sintering device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cooling body comprises an inner housing and an outer housing, the inner housing is provided with the cooling cavity, the outer housing is provided with the accommodating cavity, the inner housing is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the outer wall of the inner housing and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity are arranged at opposite intervals to form a water storage cavity.
5. A 3DP print sintering method implemented using the 3DP print sintering device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s100, opening the feed inlet and the discharge outlet, and heating the temperature in the sintering cavity to a first preset temperature;
s200, closing the discharge hole, feeding the first heat-insulating part and the printing part into the sintering cavity, enabling the first heat-insulating part to be arranged close to the discharge hole relative to the printing part, and then heating the temperature in the sintering cavity to a second preset temperature to degrease the printing part, wherein the second preset temperature is higher than the first preset temperature;
s300, feeding the second heat-insulating part into the sintering cavity, enabling the second heat-insulating part to be arranged close to the feed inlet relative to the printing part, closing the feed inlet, and heating the temperature in the sintering cavity to a third preset temperature so as to sinter the printing part, wherein the third preset temperature is higher than the second preset temperature;
and S400, conveying the printing piece after the sintering treatment into the cooling cavity for cooling treatment to obtain a finished product.
6. The 3DP printing piece sintering method according to claim 5, characterized by comprising, in step S100:
s110, opening the feed inlet and the discharge outlet, introducing protective gas into the sintering cavity, discharging air in the sintering cavity, and heating the temperature in the sintering cavity to a first preset temperature.
7. The 3DP printing member sintering method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized by further comprising, in step S200:
and S210, igniting at the feed inlet, and burning and recycling the gas generated in the degreasing treatment process.
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