CN113618074B - Device and method for preparing iron alloy particles - Google Patents
Device and method for preparing iron alloy particles Download PDFInfo
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- CN113618074B CN113618074B CN202110934921.5A CN202110934921A CN113618074B CN 113618074 B CN113618074 B CN 113618074B CN 202110934921 A CN202110934921 A CN 202110934921A CN 113618074 B CN113618074 B CN 113618074B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/10—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying using centrifugal force
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for preparing iron alloy particles, belonging to the technical field of metal particle preparation, and the device comprises a rotary drum, and is characterized in that the upper part of the rotary drum is of an open structure, a plurality of tubular flow channels communicated to the interior of the rotary drum are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the rotary drum along the circumferential direction, a collecting tank is sleeved outside the rotary drum below the tubular flow channels, the diameter of the collecting tank can meet the requirement that particles flowing out of the tubular flow channels completely fall into the collecting tank, a rotary support is connected to the bottom of the rotary drum, a gear is arranged in a meshing manner with the rotary support, a motor is matched and connected below the gear, a tundish is arranged above the rotary drum, the upper part of the tundish is of an open structure, and the bottom of the tundish is communicated with a flow guide pipe. The invention can prepare the ferroalloy particles with the particle size of 50mm or more, meets the requirement of large particle size in actual production, and has practicability for industries such as steel industry, mechanical casting and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal particle preparation, and particularly relates to a device and a method for preparing iron alloy particles.
Background
The ferroalloy is an intermediate alloy consisting of iron and one or more elements, can be used as a deoxidizer, an alloying agent, an inoculant, a reducing agent and the like in steelmaking, and is one of the essential important raw materials in the steel industry and the mechanical casting industry. The granularity of the ferroalloy has strict requirements, the ferroalloy with too small granularity can float on the surface of molten steel and be oxidized and lost by slag, and the ferroalloy with too large granularity can sink into the bottom of a steel ladle and can not be uniformly melted, so that the component uniformity of steel is influenced. At present, the conventional die casting, mechanical crushing and manual crushing methods are generally adopted for obtaining the ferroalloy, but the processing mode has high energy consumption, high crushing and pulverizing rate and serious environmental pollution.
In response to this situation, scholars at home and abroad have proposed a direct granulation technique for ferroalloys. The domestic ferroalloy granulation process is mainly to improve the continuous casting part, such as crystallizer continuous casting granulation technology and ferroalloy continuous casting granulation forming technology, and although the ferroalloy finished product with the grain size required by the industry can be obtained by the two technologies, the defect that secondary crushing is required still exists; the direct granulation technology of foreign ferroalloys mainly comprises processes such as a pouring block method (Mintek blowlator) and GRANSHOT, wherein the two production processes do not need to be subjected to secondary crushing and can prepare ferroalloy particles required by production, but the ferroalloy particles prepared by the pouring block method have the defects of single particle size and small particle size range, and the GRANSHOT granulation technology has the problem that the ferroalloy particles are seriously pulverized in the granulation process due to phase change of ferroalloy tissues at high temperature when the ferroalloy particles are prepared.
Therefore, in recent years, a new ferroalloy centrifugal granulation technique has received much attention. Patent publication (publication) No. CN 106077686A proposes a metal particle production apparatus and a production method, which uses a small disk rotating at a high speed to scatter a molten metal poured onto the small disk to obtain granulated metal particles; patent publication No. CN 207170959U proposes a multi-hole rotary drum centrifugal granulating apparatus which uses a multi-hole cup rotating at a high speed to granulate molten metal into granules with a large centrifugal force. The granulation mode utilizes centrifugal force of high-speed rotation to centrifugally draw and break the liquid metal into small liquid drops, and then the small liquid drops are rapidly solidified. Although the process has a simple structure, the prepared metal particles have the particle size of about 10mm, are small in particle size and have limited value in steel production.
Therefore, there is a need for an apparatus and method that can produce larger sized ferroalloy particles to meet practical production requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention makes up the defects of the prior art and provides a device and a method for preparing iron alloy particles; the invention can prepare the ferroalloy particles with the particle size of 50mm or more, meets the requirement of large particle size in actual production, and has practicability for industries such as steel industry, mechanical casting and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a device for preparing ferroalloy particles, which comprises a rotary drum and is characterized in that the upper part of the rotary drum is of an open structure, a plurality of tubular flow passages communicated with the interior of the rotary drum are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the rotary drum along the circumferential direction, a collecting tank is sleeved outside the rotary drum below the tubular flow passages, the diameter of the collecting tank can meet the requirement that particles flowing out of the tubular flow passages completely fall into the collecting tank, the bottom of the rotary drum is connected with a rotary support, a gear is arranged in a meshed manner with the rotary support, the lower part of the gear is connected with a motor in a matched manner, a tundish is arranged above the rotary drum, the upper part of the tundish is of an open structure, the bottom of the tundish is communicated with a flow guide pipe, an annular water pipe is coaxially sleeved outside the side wall of the rotary drum and arranged above the tubular flow passages, a plurality of spray pipes are horizontally and uniformly distributed on the inner side wall of the annular water pipe, a plurality of spray pipes are vertically arranged on the bottom side of each spray pipe, a transmission pipe is connected with a transmission pipe on the outer side wall of the annular water pipe, and the transmission pipe is connected to a water tank through a water pump.
Furthermore, the tubular runners are made of copper, the center line of each tubular runner forms the same angle with the radial direction of the rotary drum, and the tubular runners are arranged downwards along the axial direction of the rotary drum in the same inclined angle.
Further, the cross section of the tubular flow passage is circular, the inner diameter of the tubular flow passage is 2-2.5 times of the particle size of the ferroalloy particles to be prepared, the radial included angle between the center line of the tubular flow passage and the rotary drum is 18-25 degrees, and the axial included angle between the center line of the tubular flow passage and the rotary drum is 70-75 degrees.
Further, the bottom of the tundish is funnel-shaped.
Further, the bottom of the draft tube extends into the interior of the drum.
Further, the outside of the side wall of the rotating drum is also sleeved with a spiral heating pipe, and the spiral heating pipe is arranged below the tubular flow passage.
Further, the inner surface of the drum is provided with a high temperature resistant layer.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the ferroalloy particles, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Starting the motor, driving the rotary drum to rotate, and adjusting the rotating speed of the rotary drum to 30-40 r/min;
2) Starting the water pump, and spraying cooling water from the water tank through the transmission pipe, the circular water pipe, the spray pipe and the nozzle onto the outer surface of the tubular flow passage;
3) Enabling molten iron alloy to flow into the rotary drum through the flow guide pipe through the tundish, controlling the casting speed, enabling the liquid level height in the rotary drum to be always lower than the inlet of the tubular runner, enabling the molten iron alloy to intermittently flow into the tubular runner along with the rotation of the rotary drum at variable speed alternately with the acceleration and the deceleration, cooling while flowing under the cooling action of cooling water, gradually solidifying into semi-solid particles, then throwing out from the outlet of the tubular runner under the action of rotating centrifugal force, and falling into the collecting tank to complete the granulation of the iron alloy;
4) And collecting the granulated and formed ferroalloy particles falling into the collecting tank, and finishing the preparation.
The invention has the beneficial effects.
The invention enables the intermittent ferroalloy melt flowing into the tubular runner from the rotary drum to flow and cool simultaneously through the tubular runner arranged at the outer side of the rotary drum and the nozzle arranged above the tubular runner, thereby forming intermittent semi-solid ferroalloy particles, being capable of preparing ferroalloy particles with larger particle size of 50mm and more required for production, meeting the requirements in actual production and having strong practicability.
Drawings
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is an overall external structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the external configuration of the present invention with the collection trough removed.
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the radial angle of the tubular flow path to the bowl of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the angle between the tubular flow passage and the axial direction of the bowl of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the level of a ferroalloy melt during production according to the present invention.
The labels in the figure are: the device comprises a rotary drum 1, a tubular flow passage 2, a collecting tank 3, a rotary support 4, a gear 5, a motor 6, a tundish 7, a flow guide pipe 8, a circular water pipe 9, a spray pipe 10, a nozzle 11, a transmission pipe 12, a water pump 13, a water tank 14, a spiral heating pipe 15 and a high-temperature resistant layer 16.
Detailed Description
As shown in the accompanying drawings, the embodiment provides an apparatus for preparing iron alloy particles, which includes a rotating drum 1, a high temperature resistant layer 16 is disposed on an inner surface of the rotating drum 1 to prevent the rotating drum 1 from being damaged due to high temperature of iron alloy molten liquid during operation, an upper portion of the rotating drum 1 is an open structure, a plurality of tubular flow channels 2 communicated to the inside of the rotating drum 1 are uniformly distributed on a side wall of the rotating drum 1 along a circumferential direction, the tubular flow channels 2 are made of copper material with good heat dissipation and heat conductivity, a cross section of each tubular flow channel 2 is circular, and an inner diameter of each tubular flow channel 2 is set to be 2-2.5 times of a particle size of iron alloy particles to be prepared according to requirements on a particle size required in production, for example, when iron alloy particles with a particle size of 60mm are required to be prepared, an inner diameter of each tubular flow channel 2 is set to be a value between 120mm and 150mm. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the center line of each tubular flow passage 2 is at any one of the same angles α of 18 ° to 25 ° with the radial direction of the drum 1 and is inclined downward at any one of the same angles β of 70 ° to 75 ° with the axial direction of the drum 1.
The outside cover of rotary drum 1 in the below of tubulose runner 2 is equipped with collecting vat 3, and the diameter of collecting vat 3 can satisfy and fall on collecting vat 3 completely from the granule that tubulose runner 2 flows out, and the bottom of rotary drum 1 is connected with slewing bearing 4, is provided with gear 5 with slewing bearing 4 meshing, and the below and the motor 6 cooperation of gear 5 are connected, and drive through motor 6 like this just can make rotary drum 1 rotatory.
A tundish 7 is arranged above the rotary drum 1, the upper part of the tundish 7 is of an open structure, the bottom of the tundish 7 is funnel-shaped, and the funnel-shaped tundish 7 is easier to drain molten iron alloy. The bottom of the tundish 7 is communicated with a draft tube 8. In order to avoid the splash of the molten iron alloy during casting due to the long distance between the draft tube 8 and the bottom of the rotating drum 1, the bottom of the draft tube 8 is extended into the rotating drum 1.
The outer portion of the side wall of the rotary drum 1 is coaxially sleeved with a circular water pipe 9, the circular water pipe 9 is arranged above the tubular flow channel 2, a plurality of spray pipes 10 are horizontally and uniformly distributed on the inner side wall of the circular water pipe 9, a plurality of nozzles 11 are vertically arranged on the bottom side of each spray pipe 10, the outer side wall of the circular water pipe 9 is connected with a transmission pipe 12, and the transmission pipe 12 is connected to a water tank 14 through a water pump 13. From the water tank 14, the cooling water can flow to the nozzle 11, from which nozzle 11 it is sprayed down onto the outer surface of the tubular flow passage 2.
The spiral heating pipe 15 is sleeved outside the side wall of the rotary drum 1, and the spiral heating pipe 15 is arranged below the tubular flow channel 2, so that the ferroalloy molten liquid at the bottom layer in the rotary drum 1 is kept in a molten state and is not solidified.
The principle of preparation.
The iron alloy molten liquid flows into the rotary drum 1 from the tundish 7, the rotary drum 1 is driven by the motor 6 to rotate, and the motor 6 drives the rotary drum 1 to operate in an acceleration and deceleration alternate speed changing mode. When the bowl 1 is rotated at a low speed, the level of the iron alloy melt in the bowl 1 is maintained lower than the inlet height of the tubular runner 2, as shown by line B in FIG. 5. As the rotation speed of the bowl 1 is increased, the liquid level at the inner wall surface of the bowl 1 rises due to the centrifugal force, and when the liquid level at the inner wall surface of the bowl 1 is higher than the inlet of the tubular flow path 2, as shown by line a in fig. 5, the molten iron alloy flows into the tubular flow path 2. Then the rotating speed of the rotating drum 1 is gradually reduced, the liquid level at the inner wall surface of the rotating drum 1 is lower than the inlet height of the copper tubular runner 2, at the moment, the iron alloy melt liquid does not flow into the tubular runner 2 any more, and thus the iron alloy melt liquid can flow into the tubular runner 2 intermittently along with the repeated increase and decrease of the rotating speed of the rotating drum 1.
The tubular runner 2 is cooled and solidified gradually into semisolid metal particles, the outer surface of which is solidified and the inner part of which is still liquid, rather than being continuous and long-strip-shaped, by the centrifugal force generated by the intermittent rotation of the bowl 1 and the cooling water sprayed from the nozzle 11. The central line of the tubular runner 2 is at an angle with the radial direction of the rotating drum 1 and is arranged obliquely downwards at an angle with the axial direction of the rotating drum 1, so that the rapid flowing and gathering of the iron alloy molten liquid in the tubular runner 2 are facilitated under the dual actions of centrifugal force and gravity. The tubular flow channel 2 then drops the granules from the outlet into the collecting chute 3, whereby granulation of the ferroalloy is achieved.
With the apparatus for manufacturing ferroalloy particles and by the above principle, the present embodiment also provides a method for manufacturing ferroalloy particles, which comprises the following specific steps.
1) And starting the motor 6 to drive the rotary drum 1 to rotate, and adjusting the rotating speed of the rotary drum 1 to 30r/min-40r/min. The centrifugal force generated by the rotating speed of 30r/min-40r/min is enough to throw out the particles, and the running stability of the device can be ensured.
2) The water pump 13 is turned on, and the cooling water flows from the water tank 14 through the delivery pipe 12, the circular water pipe 9, the spray pipe 10 and the spray nozzle 11 and is sprayed on the outer surface of the tubular flow passage 2.
3) The ferroalloy melt liquid flows into the rotary drum 1 through the guide pipe 8 by the tundish 7, the casting speed is controlled, the liquid level height in the rotary drum 1 is always lower than the inlet of the tubular runner 2, the ferroalloy melt liquid intermittently flows into the tubular runner 2 along with the alternate variable speed rotation of the acceleration and deceleration of the rotary drum 1, and flows and cools under the cooling action of cooling water, and is thrown out from the outlet of the tubular runner 2 under the action of rotating centrifugal force after being gradually solidified into semisolid particles, and falls into the collecting tank 3, so that the granulation of the ferroalloy is completed.
4) And collecting the granulated and formed ferroalloy particles thrown into the collecting tank 3, and finishing the preparation.
It should be understood that the detailed description of the present invention is only for illustrating the present invention and is not limited by the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can be modified or substituted equally to achieve the same technical effects; as long as the use requirements are met, the method is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for preparing ferroalloy particles is characterized by utilizing a device for preparing ferroalloy particles, the device for preparing ferroalloy particles comprises a rotary drum (1), the upper part of the rotary drum (1) is of an open structure, a plurality of tubular flow passages (2) communicated with the interior of the rotary drum (1) are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the rotary drum (1) along the circumferential direction, a collecting tank (3) is sleeved outside the rotary drum (1) below the tubular flow passages (2), the diameter of the collecting tank (3) can meet the condition that particles flowing out of the tubular flow passages (2) completely fall into the collecting tank (3), a rotary support (4) is connected to the bottom of the rotary drum (1), a gear (5) is arranged in a manner of being meshed with the rotary support (4), the lower part of the gear (5) is connected with a motor (6) in a matching manner, a middle bag (7) is arranged above the rotary drum (1), the upper part of the middle bag (7) is of an open structure, the bottom of the middle bag (7) is communicated with a pipe (8), the side wall of the rotary drum (1) is coaxially sleeved with the side wall of the rotary drum (9), a plurality of water pipes (9), a plurality of spray pipes (9) are uniformly distributed on the bottom side wall of the rotary drum (10), and a plurality of water pipes (10) are uniformly distributed on the bottom side wall, and a plurality of the annular ring, and a plurality of spray pipes (10) are uniformly distributed on the annular ring, the outer side wall of the circular water pipe (9) is connected with a transmission pipe (12), and the transmission pipe (12) is connected to a water tank (14) through a water pump (13); a spiral heating pipe (15) is further sleeved outside the side wall of the rotary drum (1), and the spiral heating pipe (15) is arranged below the tubular flow passage (2); the tubular runners (2) are made of copper, the central line of each tubular runner (2) forms the same angle with the radial direction of the rotary drum (1) and is arranged downwards along the axial direction of the rotary drum (1) at the same inclined angle; the cross section of the tubular flow passage (2) is circular, the inner diameter of the tubular flow passage (2) is 2-2.5 times of the particle size of the ferroalloy particles to be prepared, the radial included angle between the central line of the tubular flow passage (2) and the rotary drum (1) is 18-25 degrees, and the axial included angle between the central line of the tubular flow passage (2) and the rotary drum (1) is 70-75 degrees;
the method for preparing the ferroalloy particles comprises the following steps:
1) Starting the motor (6), driving the rotary drum (1) to rotate, and adjusting the rotating speed of the rotary drum (1) to 30-40 r/min;
2) Starting the water pump (13), and spraying cooling water from the water tank (14) through the transmission pipe (12), the circular water pipe (9), the spray pipe (10) and the nozzle (11) on the outer surface of the tubular flow passage (2);
3) Making the iron alloy melt flow into the rotary drum (1) through the guide pipe (8) through the tundish (7), controlling the casting speed to make the liquid level in the rotary drum (1) always lower than the inlet of the tubular runner (2), intermittently flowing the iron alloy melt into the tubular runner (2) along with the rotation of the rotary drum (1) at an alternating variable speed along with the acceleration and deceleration, cooling while flowing under the cooling action of cooling water, gradually solidifying into semi-solid particles, then throwing out from the outlet of the tubular runner (2) under the action of rotating centrifugal force, and falling into the collecting tank (3) to complete the granulation of the iron alloy;
4) And collecting the granulated and formed ferroalloy particles thrown into the collecting tank (3), and finishing preparation.
2. A method of producing ferro-alloy granules according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the tundish (7) is funnel-shaped.
3. A method for producing ferro-alloy particles according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the draft tube (8) extends into the interior of the rotating drum (1).
4. A method of producing ferro-alloy particles according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner surface of the rotating drum (1) is provided with a high temperature resistant layer (16).
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| CN202110934921.5A CN113618074B (en) | 2021-08-16 | 2021-08-16 | Device and method for preparing iron alloy particles |
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| CN202110934921.5A CN113618074B (en) | 2021-08-16 | 2021-08-16 | Device and method for preparing iron alloy particles |
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| CN116275073B (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-08-15 | 常州润达铁合金有限公司 | Centrifugal treatment equipment and method for alloy powder processing |
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| CN2160482Y (en) * | 1993-01-05 | 1994-04-06 | 郑州工学院 | Quick freezing device for metals |
| CN2920486Y (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-07-11 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Device for continuous preparing metal sizing agent by forced uniform condensation |
| CN100482383C (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2009-04-29 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Method for preparing metal sizing agent by a compelling, equal-freezing and continuous method |
| CN100424187C (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2008-10-08 | 重庆大学 | Liquid blast furnace slag heat recovering apparatus and method |
| CN1888081B (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2012-07-04 | 重庆大学 | Liquid blast furnace slag pelletizing method and apparatus for heat recovering process |
| CN102328092B (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2014-06-04 | 东北大学 | Ferroalloy granulating device and granulating method |
| DE102011119760B3 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-03-14 | Daimler Ag | Manufacturing friction rings with cooling channels using a spray compacting unit, comprises e.g. directing a spray stream of an aluminum alloy mixed with hard particles on the clamping surface by the support tube |
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