WO2021037424A1 - Roue pour une centrale électrique - Google Patents

Roue pour une centrale électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021037424A1
WO2021037424A1 PCT/EP2020/068977 EP2020068977W WO2021037424A1 WO 2021037424 A1 WO2021037424 A1 WO 2021037424A1 EP 2020068977 W EP2020068977 W EP 2020068977W WO 2021037424 A1 WO2021037424 A1 WO 2021037424A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
line
junction
blade
runner
edge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/068977
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stuart Coulson
Richard Reese
Jianbo JIANG
Original Assignee
Voith Patent Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voith Patent Gmbh filed Critical Voith Patent Gmbh
Publication of WO2021037424A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021037424A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/02—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with radial flow at high-pressure side and axial flow at low-pressure side of rotors, e.g. Francis turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/04—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator for diminishing cavitation or vibration, e.g. balancing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/128—Mounting, demounting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05B2230/21—Manufacture essentially without removing material by casting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05B2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F05B2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a runner for a water-power plant.
  • the runner is of the Francis type.
  • a Runner of the Francis type comprises a crown, a band and a plurality of blades spaced around the rotating axis of the runner. Each blade runs form the crown to the band. Each blade comprises a first and a second edge and a fist and a second junction. The first edge is orientated towards the high and the second edge is orientated towards the low pressure side of the runner. The first junction is connected to the crown and the second junction is connected to the band of the runner.
  • the present invention is related to the geometry of the junctions adjacent to the second edge.
  • junctions are formed as fillets.
  • JP 2014-141903 A discloses such shaped junctions.
  • the junctions are formed integrally together with the band and the crown and the blade bodies are welded onto these stubs.
  • WO 2016/190749 A1 discloses also junctions with fillets. In this case the junctions are formed integrally together with the blade bodies and the blades are connected to the band and the crown by bolts.
  • junctions adjacent to the second edge are locations where high mechanical stresses and cavitation can occur during operation of the water-power plant. This applies especially for the junction connected to the band.
  • the objective of the present invention is to provide a runner for a water-power plant with an improved geometry of the junctions adjacent to edge orientated towards the low pressure side of the runner meeting the structural requirements without increasing the risk of cavitation and deterioration of efficiency.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a Francis type runner
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a blade in the region of a junction
  • Fig. 3 is a section view of a junction near the second edge of a blade in a first embodiment according to prior art
  • Fig. 4 is a section view of a junction near the second edge of a blade in a second embodiment according to prior art
  • Fig. 5 is a section view of a junction near the second edge of a blade according to the present invention.
  • FIGS 6 and 7 display other embodiments of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 displays schematically a cross-sectional view of a Francis type runner.
  • the runner comprises a crown designated as 1 , a band designated as 2 and a plurality of blades extending between the crown 1 and the band 2.
  • Figure 1 shows only one of the blades designated as 3.
  • Each blade 3 comprises a first edge orientated towards the high pressure side of the runner, which is designated as 4, and a second edge orientated towards the low pressure side of the runner, which is designated as 5.
  • each blade comprises a first junction designated as 6, which is connected to the crown 1 , and a second junction designated as 7, which is connected to the band 2.
  • the dashed-dotted line on the left indicates the axis of rotation of the runner.
  • FIG. 2 displays a cross-sectional view of a blade in the region of a junction.
  • the blade is designated as 3.
  • Each blade 3 comprises a pressure and a suction side.
  • the pressure side of the blade 3 is designated as 8
  • the suction side of the blade 3 is designated as 9.
  • the blade 3 is connected by a junction either to the crown or the band. Therefore the junction in figure 2 is designated by 6 and 7 accordingly and the part at the bottom, to which the junction 6, 7 is connected, is designated by 1 and 2 accordingly.
  • Each junction comprises fillets extending around the blade 3.
  • Figure 2 displays the two lateral fillets of the junction 6, 7 extending along the pressure 8 and suction side 9 of the blade 3.
  • the fillet surfaces can be defined by circular radii, by elliptical radii or another curved shape. Each fillet is confined by two lines. A first line runs along the side surface of the blade 3. These first lines are designated by 10 and 12 respectively. A second line runs along the surface of the part, to which the junction is connected (crown 1 or band 2). These second lines are designated by 11 and 13 respectively. The junction 6, 7 is thus confined by the two fillet surfaces and the two surfaces extending between the first lines 10 and 12 and the second lines 11 and 13 respectively. The latter two surfaces are indicated in figure 2 by the dashed lines. Each fillet may have a different design radius. In figure 2 the design radii of the fillets are identical. In case of different design radii the surface connecting line 10 and 12 would of course be inclined to the horizontal.
  • Figure 3 displays a section view of a junction near the second edge of a blade in a first embodiment according to prior art.
  • the view direction of figures 3 to 7 is indicated by an arrow in figure 2.
  • the two lateral fillets as in figure 2 are confined by the lines 10, 11 and 12, 13 respectively. Due to the constant radii of the fillets the first line 10 is parallel to the second line 11 and the first line 12 is parallel to the second line 13. Due to imperfections of the manufacturing process there might be of course some minor local deviations from perfect parallelism.
  • the second edge of the blade is cut substantially perpendicular to the centerline of the blade (dashed line).
  • the junction comprises a third fillet along the second edge of the blade.
  • the third fillet is confined by a first line designated as 51 and a second line designated as 15.
  • the first line 51 is parallel to the second line 15. Since the first lines 10, 12 and 51 are running along the sides of the blade, these lines are representing the blade profile.
  • this angle is designated by 14.
  • the angle 14 is displayed by the use of the auxiliary lines 16 and 17, which run in parallel to the lines 10 and 51 and the lines 11 and 15. Therefore the angle 14 is also the angle between the second lines 11 and 15 running along the surface of the part, to which the junction is connected (crown or band).
  • the angle 14 is at least 90°. Angles 14 larger than 90° are due to the fact that usually the thickness of the blade increases moving away from the second edge as indicated in figure 3.
  • the blade profile at the second edge can also be rounded in order to mitigate the concentration of mechanical stress that typically occurs with sharp corners.
  • Figure 4 displays a section view of a junction near the second edge of a blade in an embodiment according to prior art with a rounded blade profile. The designations are the same as in figure 3.
  • the fillets around the second edge of the blade may be established by a number of facets as indicated in figure 4 or rather by one smooth rounded fillet. Due to the round profile of blade and fillets the second leg of the angle 14 referring to the lines 51 and 15 has now to be defined by a tangent to these lines touching at the intersection point of these lines with the center-line of the blade. Also in this embodiment of prior art the angle 14 is at least 90°.
  • Figure 5 displays a section view of a junction near the second edge of a blade according to the present invention.
  • the designations are the same as in figure 3 and 4.
  • the angle 14 is less than 80°. This is achieved by a correspondent blade profile according lines 10, 12 and 51 next to the junction and by correspondent fillets.
  • the inventive geometry leads to a better cavitation behavior while meeting the structural requirements.
  • the positive effect can be increased by maintaining the blade profile adjacent to a junction according to the present invention in a way that the corresponding angle 14 of the local blade profile stays in the preferred range (less than 80°) for a distance along the second edge of the blade of at least 3% of the total length of the second edge. This distance is measured from the part on, to which the correspondent junction is connected (crown or band).
  • the teaching of the present invention is most beneficial, if applied to a junction connected to the band.
  • it can be advantageously applied to a junction connected to the crown.
  • a runner can be improved by the invention, if only applied to a single junction of a single blade.
  • practically the invention would be applied to all blades at least concerning the junction to the band.
  • angle 14 With decreasing angle 14 the stresses in the junction region are increasing. Therefore in most cases the lower limit for angle 14 is about 45°. However in some cases angles 14 below 45° might still be tolerable.
  • the embodiment of the present invention according to figure 5 is open for modifications. For example rounding of the sharp edges could be applied at the intersection of lines 10 and 51 and also at the intersection of lines 12 and 51. Or the line 51 could be not straight but rather slightly convex or concave. Of course such modifications will result in a corresponding modification of the second lines 11, 15 and 13. These modifications can of course be also applied to the local blade profile adjacent to a junction according to the present invention over the above mentioned distance of at least 3% of the length of the total second edge 5.
  • Figure 6 displays an embodiment of the present invention, where rounding of the edges is applied.
  • first lines 10, 12 and 51 are displayed defining the blade profile directly adjacent to the junction.
  • the dashed lines at the edges show for comparison the blade profile without rounding.
  • One possibility for defining the two legs 16 and 17 of the angle 14 is by just disregarding the rounding taking into account only the straight parts of the lines 10 and 51.
  • a more general method for defining the leg 17 is the one applied also in the embodiment of figure 4: Tangent to line 51 at the intersection point of line 51 with the center-line of the blade profile. Clearly for figure 6 both methods leads to same resulting angle 14.
  • Figure 7 displays an embodiment of the present invention, where line 51 is convex.
  • Leg 17 is defined by the tangent method.
  • the tangent is shown as a dashed line.
  • Leg 17 is parallel to the tangent.
  • the other dashed line inside the blade profile shows for comparison the case of a straight line 51.
  • the convex shape of line 51 leads to an increased angle 14 compared with the case, when line 51 is straight. But still angle 14 is smaller than 80°.
  • edges can be combined either with a convex or a concave shape of line 51.
  • leg 16 of angle 14 also by a tangent method: Tangent to line 10 at the intersection point of line 10 with line 51. Or in the case that rounding is applied to this corner: Tangent to line 10 at a point just adjacent to the rounding.
  • the fillets of the junctions can be produced by welding or casting.
  • the shape of the blade profile adjacent the junctions can be integral to the blade or can be added as a separate piece by welding, bolting or bonding.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une roue Francis destinée à une centrale électrique. Ladite roue Francis comprend une couronne, une bande et une pluralité d'aubes. Chaque aube comprend un premier et un second bord et une première et une seconde jonction. Chaque jonction comprend des flancs de raccordement dont chacun est confiné par une première ligne et par une seconde ligne, et pour une jonction, un angle est défini par la première ligne d'un flanc de raccordement de la jonction s'étendant le long du côté pression d'une aube et par une tangente à la première ligne d'un flanc de raccordement de la même jonction s'étendant le long du second bord de l'aube, la tangente touchant la première ligne au point d'intersection de la première ligne avec la ligne centrale du profil de la même aube, et l'angle étant inférieur à 80°.
PCT/EP2020/068977 2019-08-30 2020-07-06 Roue pour une centrale électrique WO2021037424A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201962893927P 2019-08-30 2019-08-30
US62/893,927 2019-08-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021037424A1 true WO2021037424A1 (fr) 2021-03-04

Family

ID=71741759

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PCT/EP2020/068977 WO2021037424A1 (fr) 2019-08-30 2020-07-06 Roue pour une centrale électrique

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11359596B2 (en) * 2020-03-05 2022-06-14 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Francis-type turbine runner and Francis-type turbine

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3918627A (en) * 1968-09-02 1975-11-11 Hitachi Ltd Method of manufacturing a welded type francis runner
EP0105709A1 (fr) * 1982-09-30 1984-04-18 GENERAL ELECTRIC CANADA, Inc. Rotor de turbine hydraulique du type Francis
US20060018754A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2006-01-26 Alstom Technology Ltd. Francis wheel and hydraulic machine comprising one such wheel
JP2014141903A (ja) 2013-01-22 2014-08-07 Toshiba Corp 水車またはポンプ水車のランナおよびその製造方法
WO2016190749A1 (fr) 2015-05-28 2016-12-01 Dynavec As Roue mobile destinée à machine à fluide dotée de pales amovibles

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3918627A (en) * 1968-09-02 1975-11-11 Hitachi Ltd Method of manufacturing a welded type francis runner
EP0105709A1 (fr) * 1982-09-30 1984-04-18 GENERAL ELECTRIC CANADA, Inc. Rotor de turbine hydraulique du type Francis
US20060018754A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2006-01-26 Alstom Technology Ltd. Francis wheel and hydraulic machine comprising one such wheel
JP2014141903A (ja) 2013-01-22 2014-08-07 Toshiba Corp 水車またはポンプ水車のランナおよびその製造方法
WO2016190749A1 (fr) 2015-05-28 2016-12-01 Dynavec As Roue mobile destinée à machine à fluide dotée de pales amovibles

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11359596B2 (en) * 2020-03-05 2022-06-14 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Francis-type turbine runner and Francis-type turbine

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